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UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

 

 

FORM 8-K

 

 

CURRENT REPORT

Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d)

of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934

Date of Report (Date of earliest event reported): June 30, 2023

 

 

Bitcoin Depot Inc.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

 

 

 

Delaware   001-41305   87-3219029
(State or other jurisdiction
of incorporation or organization)
  (Commission
File Number)
  (I.R.S. Employer
Identification No.)

3343 Peachtree Road NE, Suite 750

Atlanta, GA 30326

(Address of principal executive offices)

(678) 435-9604

(Former name or former address, if changed since last report)

GSR II Meteora Acquisition Corp.

418 Broadway, Suite N

Albany, NY 12207

(Former name or former address, if changed since last report)

 

 

Check the appropriate box below if the Form 8-K filing is intended to simultaneously satisfy the filing obligations of the registrant under any of the following provisions:

 

Written communications pursuant to Rule 425 under the Securities Act (17 CRF 230.425)

 

Soliciting material pursuant to Rule 14a-12 under the Exchange Act (17 CRF 240.14a-12)

 

Pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 14d-2(b) under the Exchange Act (17 CRF 240.14d-2(b))

 

Pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 13c-4(c) under the Exchange Act (17 CRF 240.13e-4(c))

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

 

Title of each class

 

Trading
Symbol(s)

 

Name of each exchange
on which registered

Class A Common Stock, par value $0.0001 per share   BTM   The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC
Warrants, each whole warrant exercisable for one share of Class A Common Stock at an exercise price of $11.50 per share   BTMWW   The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an emerging growth company as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act of 1933 or Rule 12b-2 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.

Emerging growth company

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act

 

 

 


INTRODUCTORY NOTE

As previously announced, Bitcoin Depot Inc., a Delaware corporation (“Bitcoin Depot” or the “Company”) (formerly, GSR II Meteora Acquisition Corp. (“GSR”)), entered into that certain Transaction Agreement, dated as of August 24, 2022 (as amended, the “Transaction Agreement”), by and among GSR, GSR II Meteora Sponsor LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (the “Sponsor”), BT Assets, Inc., a Delaware corporation (“BT Assets”), and Lux Vending, LLC (“BT OpCo”), a Georgia limited liability company and wholly-owned subsidiary of Bitcoin Depot Operating LLC (the “Surviving BT Entity”). GSR’s stockholders approved the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Agreement (collectively, the “Business Combination”) at a special meeting of the stockholders held on June 28, 2023 (the “Special Meeting”).

On June 30, 2023 (the “Closing Date”), as contemplated by the Transaction Agreement:

 

   

GSR filed a Second Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation (the “Second A&R Charter”) with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware, pursuant to which GSR changed its name to “Bitcoin Depot Inc.” and the number of authorized shares of Bitcoin Depot’s capital stock, par value $0.0001 per share, was increased to 2,223,250,000 shares, consisting of (i) 800,000,000 shares of Class A common stock, par value $0.0001 per share (the “Class A Common Stock”), (ii) 20,000,000 shares of Class B common stock, par value $0.0001 per share (the “Class B Common Stock”), (iii) 300,000,000 shares of Class M common stock, par value $0.0001 per share (the “Class M Common Stock”), (iv) 800,000,000 shares of Class O common stock, par value $0.0001 per share (the “Class O Common Stock”), (v) 300,000,000 shares of Class V common stock, par value $0.0001 per share (the “Class V Common Stock” and collectively with the Class A Common Stock, Class B Common Stock, Class M Common Stock and Class O Common Stock, the “Voting Common Stock”) and (vi) 2,250,000 shares of Class E common stock, par value $0.0001 per share, consisting of three series: (a) 750,000 shares of Class E-1 common stock, (b) 750,000 shares of Class E-2 common stock and (c) 750,000 shares of Class E-3 common stock (collectively, the “Class E Common Stock” and, together with the Voting Common Stock, the “Common Stock”) and (vii) 50,000,000 shares of preferred stock, par value $0.0001 per share (the “Preferred Stock”);

 

   

(i) The BT Entity Restructuring was consummated, consisting of (a) the merger of BT OpCo with and into the Surviving BT Entity with the Surviving BT Entity surviving the merger and (b) the formation of BT HoldCo LLC (“BT HoldCo”) and contribution of all of BT Assets’ equity in BT OpCo to BT HoldCo, pursuant to which BT HoldCo issued certain common units of BT HoldCo (“BT HoldCo Common Units”), certain preferred units of BT HoldCo (“BT HoldCo Preferred Units”) and certain Class 1 Earnout Units of BT HoldCo, Class 2 Earnout Units of BT HoldCo and Class 3 Earnout Units of BT HoldCo (collectively, the “BT HoldCo Earnout Units”) to BT Assets, (ii) GSR paid cash to BT Assets in exchange for certain BT HoldCo Common Units, (iii) GSR contributed (a) cash to BT HoldCo in exchange for BT HoldCo Common Units, (b) warrants issued by BT HoldCo to purchase a number of BT HoldCo Common Units equal to the number of shares of Class A Common Stock that may be purchased upon the exercise in full of all warrants of GSR outstanding immediately after the consummation of the Business Combination (the “Closing”) and (c) a number of BT HoldCo Earnout Units equal to the number of newly issued shares of Class E Common Stock issued to Sponsor, (iv) Sponsor exchanged all shares of Class B Common Stock for newly issued shares of Class A Common Stock and Class E Common Stock, subject to the terms of conversion or forfeiture and cancellation set forth in that certain Sponsor Agreement, dated as of August 24, 2022, by and among Sponsor, the Company and BT Assets, as amended by the First Amendment to Sponsor Agreement, dated as of June 7, 2023, (v) BT Assets was issued


 

44,100,000 newly issued shares of Class V Common Stock, convertible at BT Assets’ election into Class A Common Stock and (vi) the Company issued 500,000 shares of Class A Common Stock under the 2023 Plan (as defined herein) to Brandon Mintz; and

 

   

upon the execution and delivery to BT OpCo and GSR of a Phantom Equity Award Termination Agreement, dated as of June 30, 2023 (each, a “Phantom Equity Award Termination Agreement” and, collectively, the “Phantom Equity Award Termination Agreements”), by the holders of equity awards granted under the Lux Vending, LLC d/b/a Bitcoin Depot 2021 Participation Plan (each, a “Phantom Equity Award”) outstanding immediately prior to the Closing were converted into the right to receive, in aggregate cash payments in an amount equal to $350,000 and 35,000 restricted stock units, which vest quarterly over one year from the date of grant.

As a result of the transactions described above (including the PIPE Financing as described below), as of the Closing Date:

 

   

BT Assets and Mr. Mintz collectively hold: (i) 500,000 shares of Class A Common Stock; (ii) 44,100,000 shares of Class V Common Stock; (iii) 41,200,000 BT HoldCo Common Units; (iv) 15,000,000 BT HoldCo Earnout Units; and (v) 2,900,000 BT HoldCo Preferred Units;

 

   

Sponsor and certain former directors of GSR held and distributed, if applicable, to certain third parties and affiliates concurrently with Closing: (i) 5,769,185 shares of Class A Common Stock; (ii) 1,075,761 shares of Class E Common Stock; and (iii) 12,223,750 warrants, each exercisable for one share of Class A Common Stock at an exercise price of $11.50 (the “Bitcoin Depot Warrants”);

 

   

Former GSR stockholders hold 3,455,156 shares of Class A Common Stock and 31,625,000 Bitcoin Depot Warrants;

 

   

Bitcoin Depot holds (i) 12,358,691 BT HoldCo Common Units and (ii) 4,300,000 BT HoldCo Preferred Units; and

 

   

Entities affiliated with Shaolin Capital Management (“Shaolin”) hold 4,300,000 shares of Series A Convertible Preferred Stock of Bitcoin Depot (“Series A Preferred Stock”).

As previously announced, in connection with the consummation of the Business Combination, BT OpCo and BT Assets entered into that certain Amended and Restated Credit Agreement (as further amended, restated, amended and restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time, the “Amended and Restated Credit Agreement”) among BT OpCo, as the borrower, BT Assets, as the initial holding company, Express Vending Inc., a corporation incorporated under the laws of British Columbia (“Express Vending”), Mintz Assets, Inc., a Georgia corporation (“Mintz Assets”), BitAccess Inc., a corporation incorporated under the federal laws of Canada (“BitAccess”), Digital Gold Ventures Inc., a corporation incorporated under the laws of Ontario (“Digital Gold”), Intuitive Software LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (“Intuitive” and, together with, Express Vending, Mintz Assets, BitAccess, Digital Gold and Intuitive, each a “Subsidiary Guarantor” and, collectively, the “Subsidiary Guarantors”), the financial institutions and institutional investors from time to time party thereto as Lenders (each, a “Lender” and, collectively, the “Lenders”), and SILVERVIEW CREDIT PARTNERS LP (f/k/a Silverpeak Credit Partners, LP), as administrative agent (the “Administrative Agent”). The Amended and Restated Credit Agreement by its terms amended and restated the Credit Agreement, dated December 21, 2020 (as further amended, amended and restated, restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time prior to the Effective Date, the “Original Credit Agreement”), among BT OpCo, BT Assets, the Subsidiary Guarantors party thereto, the Lenders party thereto, and the Administrative Agent. The material terms of the Amended and Restated Credit Agreement are described in the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on June 28, 2023. Such description is incorporated by reference in this Current Report on Form 8-K (this “Report”) and is qualified in its entirety by the text of the Amended and Restated Credit Agreement, which is included as Exhibit 10.12 to this Report and is incorporated herein by reference.

 

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In connection with the Business Combination, Bitcoin Depot also (i) issued 203,481 shares of Class A Common Stock to persons who entered into voting and non-redemption agreements (each a “Voting and Non-Redemption Agreement” and collectively, the “Voting and Non-Redemption Agreements”) with unaffiliated third parties (each a “Non-Redeeming Stockholder” and collectively, the “Non-Redeeming Stockholders”) in exchange for such Non-Redeeming Stockholders agreeing to either not redeem or to reverse any previously submitted redemption request in connection with a special meeting of stockholders called by GSR to consider and approve, among other proposals, an extension of time for GSR to consummate the Business Combination and (ii) (a) issued 454,350 shares of Class A Common Stock to certain Non-Redeeming Stockholders who entered into non-redemption agreements (“Non-Redemption Agreements”) in connection with the Special Meeting to consider and approve, among other proposals, the Business Combination and (b) paid a total of $18,680,415.87 in cash to certain Non-Redeeming Stockholders who entered into Non-Redemption Agreements. Pursuant to the Voting and Non-Redemption Agreements and Non-Redemption Agreements, certain Non-Redeeming Stockholders became entitled to the registration rights set forth in the A&R Registration Rights Agreement (as defined herein).

Also on June 30, 2023, Bitcoin Depot issued 4,300,000 shares of Series A Preferred Stock in a private placement to entities affiliated with Shaolin Capital Management LLC (“Shaolin”) in connection with the previously announced PIPE Agreement (the “PIPE Agreement”), entered into on June 23, 2023, by and among BT OpCo, GSR and the investors listed therein (the “PIPE Financing”). Entities affiliated with Shaolin also received payments totaling $583,200 pursuant to the terms of the PIPE Agreement in connection with the PIPE Financing. The material terms of the PIPE Agreement are described in the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K, dated June 26, 2023, which description is incorporated herein by reference.

Holders of 3,686,863 Class A Common Stock sold in GSR’s initial public offering (the “public shares”) properly exercised their right to have their public shares redeemed (the “Redemption Rights”) for a pro rata portion of the trust account (the “Trust Account”) which holds the proceeds from GSR’s initial public offering, and interest earned, calculated as of two business days prior to the Closing, which was approximately $10.47 per share, or $38,623,478 in the aggregate. The remaining balance in the Trust Account (after giving effect to the Redemption Rights) was $36,196,122.

After giving effect to the Business Combination, the redemption of public shares as described above and the consummation of the PIPE Financing, there are currently (i) 12,358,691 shares of Class A Common Stock issued and outstanding, (ii) no shares of Class B Common Stock issued and outstanding, (iii) no shares of Class M Common Stock issued and outstanding, (iv) no shares of Class O Common Stock issued and outstanding, (iv) 44,100,000 shares of Class V Common Stock issued and outstanding, (v) 1,075,761 shares of Class E Common Stock issued and outstanding, (vi) 4,300,000 shares of Preferred Stock issued and outstanding and (vii) 43,848,750 Bitcoin Depot Warrants issued and outstanding.

The Class A Common Stock and Bitcoin Depot Warrants commenced trading on the Nasdaq Stock Market (“Nasdaq”) under the symbols “BTM” and “BTMWW,” respectively, on July 3, 2023.

A more detailed description of the Business Combination can be found in the section titled “Proposal No. 1—The Business Combination Proposal” beginning on page 136 of GSR’s definitive proxy statement dated June 20, 2023 (the “Proxy Statement”) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”), and such description is incorporated herein by reference. Further, the foregoing description of the Transaction Agreement (and its amendments) is a summary only and is qualified in its entirety by reference to the Transaction Agreement, copies of which, along with the amendments thereto, are included as Exhibits 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, 2.4 and 2.5 to this Report, and are incorporated herein by reference.

 

3


Unless the context otherwise requires, the “Company” refers to the registrant, which is Bitcoin Depot after the Closing, and GSR prior to the Closing. All references herein to the “Board” refer to the board of directors of Bitcoin Depot. Terms used in this Report but not defined herein, or for which definitions are not otherwise incorporated by reference herein, shall have the meaning given to such terms in the Proxy Statement in the section titled “Certain Defined Terms” beginning on page ii thereof, and such definitions are incorporated herein by reference.

This Report incorporates by reference certain information from reports and other documents that were previously filed with the SEC, including certain information from the Proxy Statement. To the extent there is a conflict between the information contained in this Report and the information contained in such prior reports and documents incorporated by reference herein, the information in this Report controls.

Item 1.01. Entry into a Material Definitive Agreement.

BT HoldCo A&R LLC Agreement

The material terms of the Amended and Restated Limited Liability Company Agreement of BT HoldCo (the “BT HoldCo A&R LLC Agreement”) are described in the section of the Proxy Statement beginning on page 150 titled “Proposal No. 1—The Business Combination Proposal—Related Agreements—BT HoldCo Amended and Restated Limited Liability Company Agreement.” Such description is incorporated by reference in this Report and is qualified in its entirety by the text of the BT HoldCo A&R LLC Agreement, which is included as Exhibit 10.1 to this Report and is incorporated herein by reference.

Tax Receivable Agreement

The material terms of the Tax Receivable Agreement are described in the section of the Proxy Statement beginning on page 155 titled “Proposal No. 1—The Business Combination Proposal—Related Agreements—Tax Receivable Agreement.” Such description is incorporated by reference in this Report and is qualified in its entirety by the text of the Tax Receivable Agreement, which is included as Exhibit 10.2 to this Report and is incorporated herein by reference.

A&R Registration Rights Agreement

The material terms of the Amended and Restated Registration Rights Agreement (the “A&R Registration Rights Agreement”) are described in the section of the Proxy Statement beginning on page 152 titled “Proposal No. 1—The Business Combination Proposal—Related Agreements—Amended and Restated Registration Rights Agreement.” Such description is incorporated by reference in this Report and is qualified in its entirety by the text of the A&R Registration Rights Agreement, which is included as Exhibit 10.3 to this Report and is incorporated herein by reference.

Indemnification Agreements

On the Closing Date, in connection with the consummation of the Business Combination, Bitcoin Depot entered into indemnification agreements with each of its directors and executive officers. These indemnification agreements require Bitcoin Depot to indemnify its directors and executive officers for certain expenses, including attorneys’ fees, judgments, fines and settlement amounts incurred by a director or executive officer in any action or proceeding arising out of their services as one of Bitcoin Depot’s directors or executive officers.

 

4


The foregoing description of the indemnification agreements is qualified in its entirety by the full text of the Form of Bitcoin Depot Indemnification Agreement, filed as Exhibit 10.6 to this Report and incorporated herein by reference.

PIPE Agreement

On June 30, 2023, the Company consummated the transactions contemplated by the PIPE Agreement. Pursuant to the PIPE Agreement, the Company issued 4,300,000 shares of Series A Preferred Stock in a private placement. The disclosure set forth in the “Introductory Note” above is incorporated into this Item 1.01 by reference. The foregoing description of the PIPE Agreement is qualified in its entirety by the full text of the PIPE Agreement, filed as Exhibit 10.7 to this Report and incorporated herein by reference.

Item 2.01. Completion of Acquisition or Disposition of Assets.

The disclosure set forth in the “Introductory Note” above is incorporated into this Item 2.01 by reference. In addition, the material terms of the Business Combination are described in greater detail in the Proxy Statement in the section titled “Proposal No. 1—The Business Combination Proposal—The Transaction Agreement” beginning on page 136 thereof, which is incorporated herein by reference.

On June 28, 2023, GSR held the Special Meeting, at which the GSR stockholders considered and adopted, among other matters, a proposal to approve the Business Combination. The Business Combination was consummated on June 30, 2023.

FORM 10 INFORMATION

In accordance with Item 2.01(f) of Form 8-K, the Company is providing below the information that would be required if the Company were filing a general form for registration of securities on Form 10. Prior to the Closing, the Company was a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended) with no operations, formed as a vehicle to effect a business combination with one or more operating businesses. After the Closing, the Company became a holding company whose only assets consist of equity interests in BT HoldCo. Please note that the information provided below relates to the combined company after the consummation of the Business Combination, unless otherwise specifically indicated or the context otherwise requires.

Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements

Certain statements in this Report (including in the information that is incorporated by reference in this Report) may constitute “forward-looking statements” for purposes of the federal securities laws. The Company’s forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, statements regarding the Company’s or the Company’s management team’s expectations, hopes, beliefs, intentions or strategies regarding the future, including those relating to the Business Combination. In addition, any statements that refer to projections, forecasts or other characterizations of future events or circumstances, including any underlying assumptions, are forward-looking statements. The words “anticipate,” “believe,” “contemplate,” “continue,” “could,” “estimate,” “expect,” “intends,” “may,” “might,” “plan,” “possible,” “potential,” “predict,” “project,” “should,” “will,” “would” and similar expressions may identify forward-looking statements, but the absence of these words does not mean that a statement is not forward-looking. These forward-looking statements are not guarantees of future performance, conditions or results, and involve a number of known and unknown risks, uncertainties, assumptions and other important factors, many of which are outside the control of the Company, that could cause actual results or outcomes to differ materially from those discussed in the forward-looking statements. Important factors, among others, that may affect actual results or outcomes include:

 

 

5


   

the ability to maintain the listing of the Class A Common Stock and the Bitcoin Depot Warrants on Nasdaq, and the potential liquidity and trading of such securities;

 

   

the failure to realize the anticipated benefits of the Business Combination, which may be affected by, among other things, competition, the ability of the Company to grow and manage growth profitably, maintain relationships with customers and suppliers and retain key employees;

 

   

the Company’s success in retaining or recruiting, or changes required in, its officers, key employees or directors;

 

   

the Company’s ability to develop new products and services, bring them to the market in a timely manner, and make enhancements to its business;

 

   

the effects of competition on the Company’s business;

 

   

market adoption and future performance of cryptocurrencies;

 

   

changes in domestic and foreign business, financial, political and legal conditions;

 

   

future global, regional or local economic and market conditions;

 

   

the outcome of any potential litigation, government and regulatory proceedings, investigations and inquires;

 

   

the development, effects and enforcement of laws and regulations; and

 

   

other factors detailed under the section titled “Risk Factors” beginning on page 63 of the Proxy Statement and incorporated herein by reference.

The forward-looking statements contained in this Report are based on the Company’s current expectations and beliefs concerning future developments and their potential effects on the Company. There can be no assurance that future developments affecting the Company will be those that the Company has anticipated. These forward-looking statements involve a number of risks, uncertainties (some of which are beyond the Company’s control) or other assumptions that may cause actual results or performance to be materially different from those expressed or implied by these forward-looking statements. These risks and uncertainties include, but are not limited to, those factors described or incorporated by reference under the heading “Risk Factors” below. Should one or more of these risks or uncertainties materialize, or should any of the assumptions prove incorrect, actual results may vary in material respects from those projected in these forward-looking statements. There may be additional risks that the Company considers immaterial or which are unknown. It is not possible to predict or identify all such risks. The Company will not and does not undertake any obligation to update or revise any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, except as may be required under applicable securities laws.

Business

The business of the Company is described in the Proxy Statement in the section titled “Business of Bitcoin Depot” beginning on page 242 thereof and that information is incorporated herein by reference.

 

 

6


Risk Factors

The risks associated with the Company’s business are described in the Proxy Statement in the section titled “Risk Factors” beginning on page 63 thereof and are incorporated herein by reference. A summary of the risks associated with the Company’s business are also described on page 53 of the Proxy Statement under the heading “Summary—Risk Factors” and are incorporated herein by reference.

Financial Information

The audited consolidated financial statements of BT OpCo as of December 31, 2022 and 2021 and for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020 and the related notes are included in the Proxy Statement on pages F-44 through F-76 are incorporated herein by reference.

The unaudited consolidated financial statements of BT OpCo as of March 31, 2023 (unaudited) and December 31, 2022 and for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022 (unaudited) and the related notes are included in the Proxy Statement on pages F-77 through F-103 and are incorporated herein by reference.

Unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial information of BT OpCo as of March 31, 2023 and for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and the year ended December 31, 2022 is filed as Exhibit 99.2 to this Report and is incorporated herein by reference.

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Reference is made to the disclosure contained in the Proxy Statement beginning on page 257 in the section titled “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of the Financial Condition and Results of Operations of Bitcoin Depot,” which is incorporated herein by reference.

Properties

The properties of the Company are described in the Proxy Statement in the section titled “Business of Bitcoin Depot” beginning on page 242 thereof and that information is incorporated herein by reference.

Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management

The following table sets forth information known to the Company regarding the beneficial ownership of its Common Stock immediately following consummation of the Business Combination by:

 

   

each person who is the beneficial owner of more than 5% of the outstanding shares of Common Stock;

 

   

each of the Company’s named executive officers and directors; and

 

   

all of the Company’s executive officers and directors as a group.

Beneficial ownership is determined according to the rules of the SEC, which generally provide that a person has beneficial ownership of a security if he, she or it possesses sole or shared voting or investment power over that security. Under those rules, beneficial ownership includes securities that the individual or entity has the right to acquire, such as through the exercise of warrants or stock options or the vesting of restricted stock units, within 60 days of the Closing Date. Shares subject to warrants or options that are currently exercisable or exercisable within 60 days of the Closing Date or subject to restricted stock units that vest

 

7


within 60 days of the Closing Date are considered outstanding and beneficially owned by the person holding such warrants, options or restricted stock units for the purpose of computing the percentage ownership of that person but are not treated as outstanding for the purpose of computing the percentage ownership of any other person.

Except as described in the footnotes below and subject to applicable community property laws and similar laws, the Company believes that each person listed above has sole voting and investment power with respect to such shares.

The beneficial ownership of Bitcoin Depot securities is based on (i) 12,358,691 shares of Class A Common Stock, (ii) 1,075,761 shares of Class E Common Stock, (iii) 44,100,000 shares of Class V Common Stock, (iv) 4,300,000 shares of Series A Preferred Stock and (v) 12,223,750 Bitcoin Depot Warrants, in each case issued and outstanding immediately following consummation of the Business Combination, after giving effect to the Redemption Rights and the consummation of the PIPE Financing.

 

Name and Address of Beneficial Owner(1)

   Shares of
Class A
Common
Stock
     %     Shares of
Class V
Common
Stock
     %     Total
Common
Stock
Beneficially
Owned
    Shares of
Series A
Preferred
Stock
     %  

Directors and named executive officers:

                 

Brandon Mintz(2)

     500,000        1.9     44,100,000        100     63.9     —          —    

Scott Buchanan

     —          —         —          —         —         —          —    

Glen Leibowitz

     —          —         —          —         —         —          —    

Mark Smalley

    
—  
 
     —         —          —         —         —          —    

Dan Gardner

     —          —         —          —         —         —          —    

Jackie Marks

     —          —         —          —         —         —          —    

Daniel Stabile

     —          —         —          —         —         —          —    

Bradley Strock

     —          —         —          —         —         —          —    

Tim Vanderham

     —          —         —          —         —         —          —    

All directors and all executive officers as a group (9 persons)

     500,000        1.9     44,100,000        100     63.9     —          —    

Five Percent Holders:

                 

BT Assets, Inc. (3)

     —          —         44,100,000        100     63.2     —          —    

GSR II Meteora Sponsor LLC(4)

     18,988,696        74.0     —          —         27.2     —          —    

Shaolin Capital Management(5)

     —          —         —          —         —         4,300,000        100

 

*

Less than 1%

(1)

Unless otherwise noted, the business address of each of the following entities or individuals is c/o Bitcoin Depot Inc., 3343 Peachtree Road NE, Suite 750, Atlanta, Georgia 30326.

(2)

Includes 44,100,000 shares of Class V common stock held by BT Assets, of which Mr. Mintz is the sole voting stockholder and therefore Mr. Mintz may be deemed to beneficially own such shares

(3)

Includes (i) 41,200,000 BT HoldCo Common Units, which pursuant to the BT HoldCo A&R LLC Agreement, under certain circumstances may be exchanged on a one-for-one basis for Class M Common Stock, which are economically equivalent to the shares of Class A Common Stock and entitled to 10 votes per share, (ii) 2,900,000 BT HoldCo Preferred Units convertible into BT HoldCo Common Units and (iii) a number of shares of Class V Common Stock held by BT Assets equivalent to the aggregate total of BT HoldCo Common Units and BT HoldCo Preferred Units held by BT Assets. In the event BT Assets transfers shares of Class M Common Stock to any unaffiliated person, each such share of Class M Common Stock will automatically be converted, upon such transfer, into one share of Class A Common Stock. The amount set forth above does not include shares on account of 15,000,000 BT HoldCo Earnout Units held by BT Assets. As the sole voting stockholder of BT Assets, Brandon Mintz may be deemed to beneficially own the shares of Common Stock and the BT HoldCo Common Units and the BT HoldCo Preferred Units held by BT Assets.

(4)

Includes (i) 5,689,185 shares of Class A Common Stock, (ii) 12,223,750 Bitcoin Depot Warrants and (iii) 1,075,761 shares of Class E Common Stock, which are convertible into shares of Class A Common Stock on a one-for-one basis upon the achievement of milestones for the per share price of Class A Common Stock during

 

8


  the applicable earn-out period. The foregoing does not include the immediate distribution of all shares of Class A Common Stock, Bitcoin Depot Warrants and Class E Common Stock held by Sponsor to certain third parties and affiliates concurrently with the consummation of the Business Combination. The business address of GSR II Meteora Sponsor LLC is 418 Broadway, Suite N, Albany, New York 12207.
(5)

Includes an aggregate of 4,300,000 shares of Series A Preferred Stock held by (i) Shaolin Capital Partners Master Fund Ltd, (ii) MAP 214 Segregated Portfolio, a segregated portfolio of LMA SPC, (iii) DS Liquid DIV RVA SCM LLC and (iv) Shaolin Capital Partners SP, a segregated portfolio of PC MAP SPC. Shaolin Capital Management, LLC is the investment manager for each of the entities named in this footnote. The address of the entities named in this footnote is c/o Shaolin Capital Management 230 NW 24th Street, Suite 603, Miami, FL 33127. Each share of Series A Preferred Stock is initially convertible at any time at the election of the holder into one share of Class A Common Stock, subject to accrued and unpaid dividends.

Directors and Executive Officers

The Company’s directors and executive officers upon the Closing are described in the Proxy Statement in the section titled “Officers and Directors of PubCo Upon Consummation of the Business Combination” beginning on page 293 thereof and that information is incorporated herein by reference.

Directors

Upon the consummation of the Business Combination, the size of the Board was set at seven members. The following persons constitute the Company’s Board effective upon the Closing: Brandon Mintz, Scott Buchanan, Dan Gardner, Jackie Marks, Daniel Stabile, Bradley Strock and Tim Vanderham. Mr. Mintz was appointed as the Chair of the Board. Biographical information for these individuals is set forth in the Proxy Statement in the section titled “Officers and Directors of PubCo Upon Consummation of the Business Combination” beginning on page 293, which is incorporated herein by reference.

Committees of the Board of Directors

The standing committees of the Company’s Board consist of an audit committee (the “Audit Committee”). a compensation committee (the “Compensation Committee”) and a nominating and corporate governance committee (the “Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee”). The Audit Committee, the Compensation Committee and the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee report to the Board.

Audit Committee

The Board appointed Ms. Marks, Mr. Strock and Mr. Vanderham to serve on the Audit Committee, with Ms. Marks serving as the chair. Ms. Marks qualifies as an “audit committee financial expert” under applicable SEC rules. As described below under “Director Independence,” the Board has determined that Ms. Marks, Mr. Strock and Mr. Vanderham are “independent” as that term is defined under the applicable rules and regulations of the SEC and the listing requirements and rules of Nasdaq.

Compensation Committee

The Board appointed Mr. Gardner, Mr. Mintz and Mr. Stabile to serve on the Compensation Committee, with Mr. Mintz serving as the chair. As described below under “Director Independence,” because the Company is a “controlled company” within the meaning of the Nasdaq corporate governance rules, the Company is not required to have a fully independent Compensation Committee.

Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee

The Board appointed Mr. Mintz, Mr. Stable and Mr. Strock to serve on the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee, with Mr. Mintz serving as the chair. As described below under “Director

 

9


Independence,” because the Company is a “controlled company” within the meaning of the Nasdaq corporate governance rules, the Company is not required to have a fully independent Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee.

Executive Officers

Effective as of the Closing, the executive officers are:

 

Name

  

Position

   Age

Brandon Mintz

   President, Chief Executive Officer    29

Scott Buchanan

   Chief Operating Officer    32

Glen Leibowitz

   Chief Financial Officer    53

Mark Smalley

   Chief Compliance Officer    54

Biographical information for these individuals is set forth in the Proxy Statement in the section titled “Officers and Directors of PubCo Upon Consummation of the Business Combination” beginning on page 293, which is incorporated herein by reference.

Executive Compensation

A description of the compensation of the executive officers and directors of GSR and the named executive officers and directors of BT OpCo before the consummation of the Business Combination is set forth in the section of the Proxy Statement titled “Executive Compensation,” beginning on page 299 thereof, which is incorporated herein by reference.

At the Special Meeting, GSR stockholders approved the Bitcoin Depot Inc. 2023 Omnibus Incentive Equity Plan (the “2023 Plan”), which is included as Exhibit 10.8 to this Report and is incorporated herein by reference. A summary of the 2023 Plan is set forth in the section of the Proxy Statement titled “Proposal No. 5—The Incentive Equity Plan Proposal” beginning on page 197 thereof, which is incorporated herein by reference.

Compensation Committee Interlocks and Insider Participation

None of the Company’s executive officers currently serve, or in the past year have served, as members of the board of directors or compensation committee of any entity that has one or more executive officers serving on the Board.

Certain Relationships and Related Person Transactions, and Director Independence

Certain Relationships and Related Person Transactions

Certain relationships and related person transactions are described in the Proxy Statement in the section titled “Certain Relationships and Related Person Transactions” beginning on page 302 thereof and are incorporated herein by reference.

Director Independence

Effective as of the Closing, BT Assets beneficially owns a majority of the voting power of all outstanding shares of the Company’s Common Stock. As a result, the Company is a “controlled company” within the meaning of the Nasdaq listing rules. Under the Nasdaq listing rules, a company of which more than 50% of the voting power for the election of directors is held by an individual, group or another company is a

 

10


“controlled company” and may elect not to comply with certain corporate governance standards, including the requirements (1) that a majority of its board of directors consist of independent directors, (2) that its board of directors have a compensation committee that is composed entirely of independent directors with a written charter addressing the committee’s purpose and responsibilities and (3) that director nominees must either be selected, or recommended for the board of directors’ selection, either by independent directors constituting a majority of the board’s independent directors in a vote in which only independent directors participate, or a nominating and corporate governance committee comprised solely of independent directors with a written charter addressing the committee’s purpose and responsibilities.

The Nasdaq rules generally require that independent directors must comprise a majority of a listed company’s board of directors. Under the rules of Nasdaq, a director will only qualify as an “independent director” if, in the opinion of that company’s board of directors, that person does not have a relationship that would interfere with the exercise of independent judgment in carrying out the responsibilities of a director. Based upon information requested from and provided by each proposed director concerning his or her background, employment and affiliations, including family relationships, the Board has determined that Ms. Marks and Messrs. Gardner, Stabile, Strock and Vanderham are “independent” as that term is defined under the applicable rules and regulations of the SEC and the listing requirements and rules of Nasdaq. Effective as of Closing, the Company will avail itself of the exemptions described in clauses (2) and (3) of the prior paragraph.

Legal Proceedings

Reference is made to the disclosure regarding legal proceedings in the section of the Proxy Statement titled “Business of Bitcoin Depot—Legal Proceedings” beginning on page 255, which is incorporated herein by reference.

Market Price of and Dividends on the Registrant’s Common Equity and Related Stockholder Matters

Market Information and Dividends

On July 3, 2023, the Bitcoin Depot Class A Common Stock and Bitcoin Depot public warrants began trading on Nasdaq under the new trading symbols of “BTM” and “BTMWW,” respectively, in lieu of the Class A Common Stock and warrants of GSR. The Company has never declared or paid any cash dividends and does not presently plan to pay cash dividends in the foreseeable future.

Holders of Record

Following the completion of the Business Combination, including the redemption of public shares as described above and the consummation of the PIPE Financing, the Company had (i) 12,358,691 shares of Class A Common Stock outstanding held of record by approximately 65 holders, (ii) 1,075,761 shares of Class E Common Stock outstanding held of record by 22 holders, (iii) 44,100,000 shares of Class V Common Stock outstanding held of record by one holder, (iv) 4,300,000 shares of Series A Preferred Stock outstanding held of record by four holders and (v) 43,848,750 shares of Class A Common Stock underlying the Bitcoin Depot Warrants outstanding held of record by 22 holders.

As a result of the Business Combination, all shares of GSR Class A Common Stock, par value $0.0001, and 5,769,186 shares of GSR Class B Common Stock, par value $0.0001, outstanding immediately prior to the Closing automatically converted into shares of Class A Common Stock on a one-for-one basis after taking into account certain forfeitures. GSR’s public warrants and Private Placement Warrants (as defined herein) became Bitcoin Depot Warrants.

 

11


Securities Authorized for Issuance Under 2023 Plan

Reference is made to the disclosure described in the Proxy Statement in the section titled “Proposal No. 5—The Incentive Equity Plan Proposal beginning on page 197 thereof, which is incorporated herein by reference. The 2023 Plan and the material terms thereunder, including the authorization of the initial share reserve thereunder, were approved by GSR’s stockholders at the Special Meeting.

At Closing, each Phantom Equity Award that was outstanding prior to the Closing, upon the execution and delivery to BT OpCo and GSR of a Phantom Equity Award Termination Agreement, converted into the right to receive (i) a cash payment and/or (ii) Class A Common Stock.

Recent Sales of Unregistered Securities

Reference is made to the disclosure set forth under “Introductory Note” above and Item 3.02 below of this Report, which is incorporated herein by reference.

Simultaneous with the consummation of the Company’s initial public offering, on March 1, 2021, the Company consummated the private placement to Sponsor of 12,223,750 private placement warrants, each exercisable to purchase one share of Class A common stock at $11.50 per share, at a price of $1.00 per warrant (the “Private Placement Warrants”). Pursuant to the Business Combination each of the outstanding Private Placement Warrants were converted into a warrant to acquire one share of Bitcoin Depot’s Class A Common Stock. See the section titled “Description of PubCo Securities—Redeemable Warrants” of the Proxy Statement beginning on page 285 thereof for a description of the Private Placement Warrants following the consummation of the Business Combination. The Private Placement Warrants were issued pursuant to the exemption from registration contained in Section 4(a)(2) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.

Description of Registrant’s Securities

The Class A Common Stock and the Bitcoin Depot Warrants are described in the Proxy Statement in the section titled “Description of PubCo Securities” beginning on page 283 thereof and that information is incorporated herein by reference. As described below, the Company’s Second A&R Charter and Bylaws (as defined herein) became effective as of the Closing.

Indemnification of Directors and Officers

The indemnification of the Company’s directors and officers is described in the Proxy Statement in the section titled “Description of PubCo SecuritiesLimitations on Liability and Indemnification of Officers and Directors” beginning on page 288 thereof and that information is incorporated herein by reference.

Financial Statements and Supplementary Data

The information set forth in Item 9.01 of this Report is incorporated herein by reference.

Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure

The information set forth under Item 4.01 of this Report is incorporated herein by reference.

Financial Statements and Exhibits

The information set forth in Item 9.01 of this Report is incorporated herein by reference.

Item 2.03 Creation of a Direct Financial Obligation or an Obligation under an Off-Balance Sheet Arrangement of a Registrant.

The disclosure set forth in the “Introductory Note” above pertaining to the Amended and Restated Credit Agreement is incorporated into this Item 2.03 by reference. The material terms of the Amended and Restated Credit Agreement are described in the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on June 28, 2023. Such description is incorporated by reference in this Report and is qualified in its entirety by the text of the Amended and Restated Credit Agreement, which is included as Exhibit 10.12 to this Report and is incorporated herein by reference.

 

12


Item 3.02. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities.

The disclosure set forth in the “Introductory Note” above is incorporated herein by reference.

Item 3.03. Material Modification to Rights of Security Holders.

In connection with the Closing, the Company filed its Second A&R Charter with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware and adopted its amended and restated bylaws (the “Bylaws”). Pursuant to the filing of the Second A&R Charter, the Company changed its name to “Bitcoin Depot Inc.” Further, in connection with the previously announced PIPE Agreement, the Company filed the certificate of designation (the “Certificate of Designation”) with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware. The material terms of the Certificate of Designation and the general effect upon the rights of the Company’s stockholders is included in the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the SEC on June 26, 2023, which is incorporated herein by reference.

Copies of the Second A&R Charter, the Bylaws and the Certificate of Designation are included as Exhibits 3.1, 3.2, and 3.3 respectively, to this Report and are incorporated herein by reference.

The material terms of each of the Second A&R Charter and the Bylaws and the general effect upon the rights of the Company’s stockholders are included in the Proxy Statement under the sections titled “Proposal No. 2—The Charter Proposal,” and “Description of PubCo Securities” beginning on pages 190 and 283 of the Proxy Statement, respectively, which are incorporated herein by reference.

Item 4.01 Changes in Registrant’s Certifying Accountant.

 

  (a)

Dismissal of independent registered public accounting firm

On June 30, 2023, upon the recommendation of the Audit Committee of the Board, the Board approved the engagement of KPMG LLP (“KPMG”) as the Company’s independent registered public accounting firm to audit the Company’s consolidated financial statements as of and for the year ended December 31, 2023. KPMG previously served as the independent registered public accounting firm of BT OpCo prior to the Business Combination. Accordingly, Grant Thornton LLP (“Grant Thornton”), the Company’s independent registered public accounting firm prior to the Business Combination was informed that it would be replaced as the Company’s independent registered public accounting firm.

Grant Thornton’s report on GSR’s financial statements as of and for the year ended December 31, 2022 and for the period from October 14, 2021 (inception) through December 31, 2021, did not contain an adverse opinion or disclaimer of opinion, nor was such report qualified or modified as to uncertainties, audit scope, or accounting principles. During the period from October 14, 2021 (inception) through December 31, 2022 and the subsequent period through June 30, 2023, there were no “disagreements” (as defined in Item 304(a)(1)(iv) of Regulation S-K under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”)) between GSR and Grant Thornton on any matter of accounting principles or practices, financial statement disclosure, or auditing scope or procedure, which disagreements if not resolved to the satisfaction of Grant Thornton, would have caused it to make a reference to the subject matter of the disagreement in connection with its reports on the Company’s financial statements for such periods.

During the period from October 14, 2021 (inception) through December 31, 2022 and the subsequent interim period through June 30, 2023, there were no “reportable events” (as defined in Item 304(a)(1)(v) of Regulation S-K under the Exchange Act).

 

 

13


The Company has provided Grant Thornton with a copy of the foregoing disclosures and has requested that Grant Thornton furnish the Company with a letter addressed to the SEC, which is attached hereto as Exhibit 16.1, stating whether it agrees with such disclosures made by the Company set forth above, and, if not, stating the respects in which it does not agree.

During the period from October 14, 2021 (inception) through December 31, 2021 and the subsequent interim period through March 31, GSR did not consult with KPMG regarding either: (i) the application of accounting principles to a specified transaction, either completed or proposed, or the type of audit opinion that might be rendered on the financial statements; or (ii) any matter that was the subject of a disagreement (as defined in Item 304(a)(1)(iv) of Regulation S-K) or a “reportable event” (as defined in Item 304(a)(1)(v) of Regulation S-K).

Item 5.01. Changes in Control of the Registrant.

The information set forth above under “Introductory Note” and Item 2.01 of this Report is incorporated herein by reference.

As a result of the completion of the Business Combination pursuant to the Transaction Agreement, a change of control of GSR has occurred. Following the Business Combination, former GSR public stockholders own approximately 10.6% of the issued and outstanding shares of Common Stock (in the form of Class A Common Stock, representing approximately 1.3% of the voting power of Bitcoin Depot), the Sponsor owns approximately 11.8% of the issued and outstanding shares of Common Stock (in the form of Class A Common Stock and Class E Common Stock, representing approximately 1.5% of the voting power of Bitcoin Depot), Brandon Mintz, together with BT Assets, beneficially owns or controls, as applicable, approximately 77.5% of the issued and outstanding shares of Common Stock (in the form of 44,100,000 shares of Class V Common Stock held by BT Assets, which are non-economic and represent approximately 97.0% of the voting power in Bitcoin Depot as the Class V Common Stock carry ten votes per share, and 500,000 shares of Class A Common Stock held directly by Brandon Mintz, representing an additional approximately 0.1% of the voting power of Bitcoin Depot). The foregoing percentages exclude the impact of unvested restricted stock units and options.

Item 5.02. Departure of Directors or Certain Officers; Election of Directors; Appointment of Certain Officers; Compensatory Arrangements of Certain Officers.

The information set forth above in the sections titled “Directors and Executive Officers,” “Executive Compensation,” “Certain Relationships and Related Person Transactions, Controlled Company Exception and Director Independence” and “Indemnification of Directors and Officers” is incorporated herein by reference.

Further, in connection with the Business Combination, effective as of the Closing, Gus Garcia resigned from his positions as GSR’s Co-Chief Executive Officer and Director, Lewis Silberman resigned from his positions as GSR’s Co-Chief Executive Officer and Director, Joseph Tonnos resigned from his position as GSR’s Chief Financial Officer and Director, Anantha Ramamurti resigned from his positions as President and Director, and each of Eve Mongiardo, Baris Guzel, David Lorber and Michael Moe resigned from their positions as directors of GSR.

2023 Plan

At the Special Meeting, the stockholders of GSR approved the 2023 Plan which became effective upon the Closing. The material terms of the 2023 Plan are described in the Proxy Statement in the section titled Proposal No. 5—The Incentive Equity Plan Proposalbeginning on page 197 thereof and are incorporated

 

14


herein by reference. A copy of the full text of the 2023 Plan is filed as Exhibit 10.8 to this Report and is incorporated herein by reference. Following the consummation of the Business Combination, the Company expects that the Board will make grants of awards under the 2023 Plan to eligible participants.

Item 5.03. Amendments to Articles of Incorporation or Bylaws.

The disclosure set forth in Item 3.03 of this Report is incorporated herein by reference.

Item 5.05 Amendments to the Registrant’s Code of Ethics, or Waiver of a Provision of the Code of Ethics.

In connection with the Business Combination, on June 30, 2023, the Board approved and adopted a new Code of Business Conduct and Ethics (the “Code of Conduct”) applicable to all employees, officers and directors of the Company. A copy of the Code of Conduct can be found in the Investor Relations section of the Company’s website at https://bitcoindepot.com/investor-relations/.

Item 5.06 Change in Shell Company Status.

As a result of the Business Combination, the Company ceased to be a shell company. Reference is made to the disclosure in the Proxy Statement in the section titled “Proposal No. 1—The Business Combination Proposal—The Transaction Agreement” beginning on page 136 thereof, which is incorporated herein by reference.

Item 7.01 Other Events.

On June 30, 2023, the Company issued a press release announcing the consummation of the Business Combination. A copy of the press release is filed as Exhibit 99.4 to this Report and is incorporated herein by reference.

Item 9.01. Financial Statement and Exhibits.

 

  (a)

Financial statements of businesses acquired.

The audited consolidated financial statements of BT OpCo as of December 31, 2022 and 2021 and for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020 and the related notes are included in the Proxy Statement on pages F-44 through F-76 are incorporated herein by reference.

The unaudited consolidated financial statements of BT OpCo as of March 31, 2023 (unaudited) and December 31, 2022 and for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022 (unaudited) and the related notes are included in the Proxy Statement on pages F-77 through F-103 and are incorporated herein by reference.

 

  (b)

Pro forma financial information.

Unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial information of BT OpCo as of March 31, 2023 and for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and the year ended December 31, 2022 is filed as Exhibit 99.2 to this Report and is incorporated herein by reference.

 

  (d)

Exhibits.

 

 

15


Exhibit
Number
  

Description

2.1†    Transaction Agreement, dated as of August 24, 2022, by and among by and among GSR, the Sponsor, BT Assets and BT OpCo (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.1 of the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the SEC on August 25, 2022).
2.2    Amendment No. 1 to the Transaction Agreement, dated February 13, 2023 by and among GSR, the Sponsor, BT Assets and BT OpCo (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.1 of the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the SEC on February 14, 2023).
2.3    Amendment No. 2 to the Transaction Agreement, dated April 4, 2023 by and among GSR, the Sponsor, BT Assets and BT OpCo (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.1 of the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the SEC on April 4, 2023).
2.4    Amendment No. 3 to the Transaction Agreement, dated May 11, 2023 by and among GSR, the Sponsor, BT Assets and BT OpCo (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.1 of the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the SEC on May 11, 2023).
2.5†    Amendment No. 4 to the Transaction Agreement, dated June 7, 2023 by and among GSR, the Sponsor, BT Assets and BT OpCo (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.1 of the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the SEC on June 13, 2023).
3.1*    Second Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of Bitcoin Depot Inc.
3.2*    Amended and Restated Bylaws of Bitcoin Depot Inc.
3.3*    Certificate of Designation of Rights and Preferences of Series A Convertible Preferred Stock of Bitcoin Depot.
4.1    Specimen Warrant Certificate (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.3 to the Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-261965 filed by the Registrant on February 22, 2022)).
4.2    Form of Warrant Agreement, by and between GSR and Continental Stock Transfer & Trust Company (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.5 of the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the SEC on March 2, 2022).
10.1*    BT HoldCo Amended and Restated Limited Liability Company Agreement.
10.2*    Tax Receivable Agreement, dated June 30, 2023, by and among Bitcoin Depot Inc. and the persons named therein.
10.3*    Amended and Restated Registration Rights Agreement, dated June 30, 2023, by and among Bitcoin Depot Inc. and the other persons named therein.
10.4    Sponsor Support Agreement, dated as of August 24, 2022, by and among GSR, the Sponsor and BT Assets (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the SEC on August 25, 2022).
10.5*    Amendment No. 1 to the Sponsor Support Agreement, dated as of June 7, 2023, by and among GSR, the Sponsor and BT Assets (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the SEC on June 13, 2023).
10.6*    Form of Bitcoin Depot Indemnification Agreement.
10.7†**    PIPE Agreement, dated as of June 23, 2023, by and among the Company, GSR and the investors listed therein (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on June 26, 2023).
10.8*    Bitcoin Depot Inc. 2023 Omnibus Incentive Equity Plan.

 

16


Exhibit
Number
  

Description

10.9    Form of Voting and Non-Redemption Agreement (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on May 19, 2023).
10.10    Form of Non-Redemption Agreement (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on June 2, 2023).
10.11*    Form of Phantom Equity Award Termination Agreement and General Release.
10.12    Amended and Restated Credit Agreement, dated as of June 23, 2023, by and among BT OpCo, as the borrower, BT Assets, as the initial holding company, Express Vending Inc., a corporation incorporated under the laws of British Columbia, Mintz Assets, Inc., a Georgia corporation, BitAccess Inc., a corporation incorporated under the federal laws of Canada, Digital Gold Ventures Inc., a corporation incorporated under the laws of Ontario, Intuitive Software LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, the financial institutions and institutional investors from time to time party thereto as Lenders, and Silverview Credit Partners LP (f/k/a Silverpeak Credit Partners, LP) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on June 28, 2023).
16.1*    Letter from Grant Thornton, LLP to the SEC dated July 7, 2023.
21.1*    List of subsidiaries.
99.1*    Audited consolidated financial statements of BT OpCo as of December 31, 2022 and 2021 and for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2022 and the unaudited consolidated financial statements of BT OpCo as of March 31, 2023 (unaudited) and December 31, 2022 and for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022 (unaudited).
99.2*    Unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial information of BT OpCo as of March 31, 2023 and for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and the year ended December 31, 2022.
99.3*    Management’s Discussion and Analysis of the Financial Condition and Results of Operations for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and the year ended December 31, 2022.
99.4*    Press Release dated June 30, 2023.
104    Cover Page Interactive Data File (embedded within the Inline XBRL document).

 

*

Filed herewith.

**

Certain portions of this Exhibit have been redacted pursuant to Item 601(b)(10)(iv) of Regulation S-K. Redactions and omissions are designated with brackets containing asterisks. The Company agrees to provide, on a supplement basis, an unredacted copy of the exhibit and its materiality and privacy or confidentiality analyses to the SEC upon request.

Schedules and exhibits to this Exhibit omitted pursuant to Regulation S-K Item 601(b)(2). The Company agrees to furnish supplementally a copy of any omitted schedule or exhibit to the SEC upon request.

 

17


SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned hereunto duly authorized.

 

    Bitcoin Depot Inc.
Dated: July 7, 2023     By:  

/s/ Brandon Mintz

    Name: Brandon Mintz
    Title:   President and Chief Executive Officer

 

18

Exhibit 3.1

SECOND AMENDED AND RESTATED

CERTIFICATE OF INCORPORATION

OF

GSR II METEORA ACQUISITION CORP.

June 30, 2023

The undersigned, being the Co-Chief Executive Officer of GSR II Meteora Acquisition Corp., a corporation duly organized and existing under and by virtue of the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware (the “Corporation”), CERTIFIES as follows:

FIRST: The original certificate of incorporation of the Corporation was filed under the name “GLA Meteora Acquisition Corp.” with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware on October 14, 2021, as amended by the filing of the Corporation’s first certificate of amendment with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware on December 21, 2021, as further amended by the filing of the Corporation’s second certificate of amendment with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware on December 28, 2021, as further amended by the filing of the Corporation’s third certificate of amendment with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware on January 12, 2022, as amended and restated by the filing of the Corporation’s first amended and restated certificate of incorporation with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware on February 28, 2022, and as further amended by the filing of the Corporation’s first certificate of amendment to the amended and restated certificate of incorporation with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware on May 25, 2023 (the “Certificate of Incorporation”).

SECOND: The Board of Directors of the Corporation, pursuant to a unanimous written consent, adopted resolutions authorizing the Corporation to amend, integrate and restate the Certificate of Incorporation in its entirety to read as set forth in Exhibit A (the “Restated Certificate”).

THIRD: The Restated Certificate restates and integrates and further amends the Certificate of Incorporation.

FOURTH: This Restated Certificate has been duly adopted in accordance with Sections 242 and 245 of the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware and shall become effective on the date of filing with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware.

[Remainder of page intentionally left blank]


IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Corporation has caused this Second Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation to be executed by its duly authorized officer as of the date first set forth above.

 

GSR II METEORA ACQUISITION CORP.
By:  

/s/ Gus Garcia

Name:   Gus Garcia
Title:   Co-Chief Executive Officer

Signature Page to Second Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of

GSR II Meteora Acquisition Corp.


Exhibit A

SECOND AMENDED AND RESTATED

CERTIFICATE OF INCORPORATION

OF

BITCOIN DEPOT INC.

ARTICLE ONE.

The name of the corporation is Bitcoin Depot Inc. (the “Corporation”).

ARTICLE TWO.

The address of the Corporation’s registered office in the State of Delaware is c/o The Corporation Trust Company, Corporation Trust Center, 1209 Orange Street, in the City of Wilmington, County of New Castle, Delaware 19801. The name of its registered agent at such address is The Corporation Trust Company.

ARTICLE THREE.

The nature and purpose of the business of the Corporation is to engage in any lawful act or activity for which corporations may be organized under the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware (“DGCL”).

ARTICLE FOUR.

Section 4.01 Authorized Shares.

(a) The total number of shares of stock which the Corporation shall have authority to issue is 2,272,250,000 shares, consisting of:

 

  1.

800,000,000 shares of Class A Common Stock, par value $0.0001 per share (the “Class A Common Stock”);

 

  2.

20,000,000 shares of Class B Common Stock, par value $0.0001 per share (the “Class B Common Stock”);

 

  3.

300,000,000 shares of Class M Common Stock, par value $0.0001 per share (the “Class M Common Stock”);

 

  4.

800,000,000 shares of Class O Common Stock, par value $0.0001 per share (the “Class O Common Stock”);

 

  5.

300,000,000 shares of Class V Common Stock, par value $0.0001 per share (the “Class V Common Stock” and, collectively with the Class A Common Stock, Class B Common Stock, Class M Common Stock and Class O Common Stock, the “Voting Common Stock”);

 

1


  6.

2,250,000 shares of Class E Common Stock, par value $0.0001 per share, consisting of three series: (a) 750,000 shares of Class E-1 Common Stock, (b) 750,000 shares of Class E-2 Common Stock, and (c) 750,000 shares of Class E-3 Common Stock (collectively, the “Class E Common Stock” and, together with the Voting Common Stock, the “Common Stock”); and

 

  7.

50,000,000 shares of Preferred Stock, par value $0.0001 per share (the “Preferred Stock”).

The Preferred Stock and the Common Stock shall have the designations, rights, powers, and preferences and the qualifications, restrictions, and limitations, if any, set forth below.

(b) Upon the effective time of the filing of this Certificate of Incorporation (the “Effective Time”), and without any further action of the Corporation or any stockholder of the Corporation, each share of the series of common stock of the Corporation designated “Class A Common Stock”, par value $0.0001 per share (“Former Class A Common Stock”), that is issued and outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time shall be automatically reclassified and converted into one (1) share of the class of Class A Common Stock. Each stock certificate or book-entry position that, immediately prior to the Effective Time, represented shares of Former Class A Common Stock shall, from and after the Effective Time, automatically and without the necessity of presenting the same for the exchange, represent that number of shares of Class A Common Stock into which the shares formerly represented by such certificate or book-entry position have been automatically reclassified and converted pursuant to this Article Four.

Section 4.02 Preferred Stock. The Preferred Stock may be issued from time to time in one or more series. The Board of Directors of the Corporation (the “Board of Directors”) is expressly authorized, subject to limitations prescribed by law, to provide, by resolution or resolutions for series of Preferred Stock out of unissued shares of Preferred Stock that have not been designated to a series, and with respect to each series, to establish the number of shares to be included in each such series, and to fix the voting powers (if any), designations, powers, preferences, and relative, participating, optional, or other special rights, if any, of the shares of each such series, and any qualifications, limitations or restrictions of such shares. The powers (including voting powers), preferences, and relative, participating, optional, and other special rights of each series of Preferred Stock and the qualifications, limitations, or restrictions of each series of Preferred Stock, if any, may differ from those of any and all other series at any time outstanding. Subject to the rights of the holders of any series of Preferred Stock, the number of authorized shares of Preferred Stock may be set (but not below the number of shares of Preferred Stock then outstanding) by the approval of the Board of Directors and by the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority in voting power of the outstanding shares of capital stock of the Corporation entitled to vote generally in an election of directors, without the separate vote of the holders of the Preferred Stock as a class, irrespective of the provisions of Section 242(b)(2) of the DGCL. Any shares of any series of Preferred Stock purchased, exchanged, converted or otherwise acquired by the Corporation, in any manner whatsoever, shall be retired and cancelled promptly after the acquisition thereof. All such shares shall upon their cancellation become authorized but unissued shares of Preferred Stock, without designation as to a series, and may be reissued as part of any series of Preferred Stock created by resolution or resolutions of the Board of Directors, subject to the conditions and restrictions set forth in this Certificate of Incorporation or any such resolution or resolutions.

 

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Section 4.03 Common Stock.

(a) Voting Rights. Except as otherwise required by the DGCL or as provided by or pursuant to the provisions of this Certificate of Incorporation:

(i) Each holder of Class A Common Stock shall be entitled to one (1) vote for each share of Class A Common Stock held of record by such holder.

(ii) Each holder of Class B Common Stock shall be entitled to one (1) vote for each share of Class B Common Stock held of record by such holder.

(iii) Each holder of Class E Common Stock shall have no voting rights with respect to each share of Class E Common Stock held of record by such holder.

(iv) Each holder of Class M Common Stock shall be entitled to ten (10) votes for each share of Class M Common Stock held of record by such holder.

(v) Each holder of Class O Common Stock shall be entitled to one (1) vote for each share of Class O Common Stock held of record by such holder.

(vi) Each holder of Class V Common Stock shall be entitled to ten (10) votes for each share of Class V Common Stock held of record by such holder.

(vii) Except as otherwise required in this Certificate of Incorporation or by applicable law, the holders of Voting Common Stock shall vote together as a single class on all matters on which stockholders are generally entitled to vote (and, if any holders of Preferred Stock are entitled to vote together with the holders of Voting Common Stock, as a single class with such holders of Preferred Stock).

(viii) The holders of shares of Voting Common Stock shall not have cumulative voting rights.

(ix) The holders of the outstanding shares of Voting Common Stock shall be entitled to vote separately as a class upon any amendment to this Certificate of Incorporation (including by merger, consolidation, reorganization, or similar event or otherwise) that would alter or change the powers, preferences, or special rights of the shares of a class of stock so as to affect them adversely. The number of authorized shares of any class comprising the Common Stock may be increased or decreased (but not below the number of shares of Common Stock then outstanding) by the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the stock of the Corporation entitled to vote generally in an election of directors, without a separate vote of the holders of such class of Common Stock, irrespective of the provisions of Section 242(b)(2) of the DGCL.

 

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(b) Dividends. Subject to applicable law and the rights, if any, of the holders of any outstanding series of Preferred Stock or any class or series of stock having a preference over or the right to participate with the Class A Common Stock and Class M Common Stock with respect to the payment of dividends in cash, stock, or property of the Corporation, such dividends may be declared and paid on the Class A Common Stock and Class M Common Stock out of the assets of the Corporation that are by law available therefor at such times and in such amounts as the Board of Directors in its sole discretion shall determine. Dividends shall not be declared or paid on shares of Class B Common, Class E Common Stock, Class O Common Stock or Class V Common Stock.

(c) Liquidation, Dissolution, etc. In the event of any voluntary or involuntary liquidation, dissolution, or winding up of the affairs of the Corporation, after payment or provision for payment of the debts and other liabilities of the Corporation as required by law and of the preferential and other amounts, if any, to which the holders of Preferred Stock may be entitled, the holders of all outstanding shares of Class A Common Stock and Class M Common Stock shall be entitled to receive the remaining assets of the Corporation available for distribution ratably in proportion to the number of shares held by each such stockholder. The holders of shares of Class B Common Stock, Class E Common Stock, Class O Common Stock and/or shares of Class V Common Stock, as such, shall not be entitled to receive any assets of the Corporation in the event of any voluntary or involuntary liquidation, dissolution, or winding up of the affairs of the Corporation.

(d) Reclassification. No class of Common Stock may be subdivided, split, consolidated, reclassified, or otherwise changed unless contemporaneously therewith each other class of Common Stock and the corresponding units (the “LLC Units”) of Bitcoin Depot Operating LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (“OpCo”), are subdivided, consolidated, reclassified, or otherwise changed in the same proportion and in the same manner.

(e) Restriction on Issuance of Class O and Class V Common Stock. Shares of Class V Common Stock shall only be issuable to, and held by, Brandon Mintz and his Affiliates (as defined below) (which, for the avoidance of doubt, includes BT Assets, Inc.) (collectively, the “BT Stockholders”). Subject to the foregoing, no shares of Class O Common Stock or Class V Common Stock may be issued by the Corporation except, in either case, to a holder of LLC Units of OpCo, such that after such issuance, such holder of shares of Class O Common Stock and/or Class V Common Stock holds an identical number of LLC Units and shares of Class O Common Stock and/or Class V Common Stock, respectively.

(f) Restriction on Transfer of Class O and Class V Common Stock. A holder of Class O Common Stock and/or Class V Common Stock may transfer or assign shares of such Class O Common Stock and/or Class V Common Stock (or, in each case, any legal or beneficial interest in such shares) (directly or indirectly, including by operation of law) only to a Permitted Transferee (as defined in the LLC Agreement (as defined below)) of such holder, and only if such holder also simultaneously transfers an equal number of such holder’s LLC Units to such Permitted Transferee in compliance with the LLC Agreement. Any purported transfer of shares of Class O Common Stock and/or Class V Common Stock to any Person (as defined below) other than a Permitted Transferee, or not accompanied by a simultaneous transfer of such holder’s LLC Units to such Permitted Transferee shall be null and void ab initio and shall not be recognized or given effect by the Corporation, the Corporation’s transfer agent or the Secretary of the Corporation. “LLC Agreement” means the Amended and Restated Limited Liability Company Agreement of OpCo, dated on or about the date hereof, as it may be amended and/or restated from time to time.

 

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(g) No Preemptive or Subscription Rights. No holder of shares of Common Stock shall be entitled to preemptive or subscription rights.

Section 4.04 Certain Provisions Related to Redemption and Exchange Rights.

(a) Reservation of Shares of Class A and Class M Common Stock for Redemptions or Exchanges. The Corporation shall at all times reserve and keep available out of its authorized and unissued shares of Class A Common Stock and Class M Common Stock, for the purposes of effecting any redemptions or exchanges pursuant to the applicable provisions of Article IX of the LLC Agreement, the number of shares of Class A Common Stock and Class M Common Stock that are issuable in connection with the redemption or exchange of all outstanding LLC Units (excluding those LLC Units held by the Corporation) as a result of any Redemption or Direct Exchange pursuant to the applicable provisions of Article IX of the LLC Agreement (including for this purpose any LLC Units issuable upon the exercise of any options, warrants or similar rights to acquire LLC Units), as applicable (without regard to any restrictions on Redemption contained in the LLC Agreement and assuming no Redemptions for Cash Payment). All the shares of Class A Common Stock and Class M Common Stock that are issued upon any such Redemption or Direct Exchange of such LLC Units will, upon issuance, be validly issued, fully paid and non-assessable; provided, that nothing contained herein shall be construed to preclude the Corporation from satisfying its obligations in respect of the exchange of LLC Units by delivery of shares of Class A Common Stock that are held in the treasury of the Corporation.

(b) Reservation of Shares of Class O Common Stock. The Corporation shall use its best efforts to cause to be reserved and kept available for issuance at all times a sufficient number of authorized but unissued shares of Class O Common Stock to permit issuance of shares of Class O Common Stock to holders of newly issued LLC Units for such consideration and for such corporate purposes as the Board of Directors may from time to time determine.

(c) Retirement of Class O and Class V Common Stock. In the event that (i) a share of Class A Common Stock or Class M Common Stock is issued as a result of any Redemption or Direct Exchange of an LLC Unit held by a Unitholder pursuant to the applicable provisions of Article IX of the LLC Agreement, (ii) a Redemption by Cash Payment is effected with respect to any LLC Unit held by a Unitholder pursuant to the applicable provisions of Article IX of the LLC Agreement, or (iii) all of the outstanding shares of Class V Common Stock are converted to Class O Common Stock pursuant to Section 4.05(c), a share of Class O Common Stock or Class V Common Stock, as applicable, held by such Unitholder chosen by the Corporation in its sole discretion will automatically and without further action on the part of the Corporation or the holder of such share(s) be transferred to the Corporation for no consideration and shall automatically be retired and cease to exist, and such share may not be reissued by the Corporation.

(d) Defined Terms. For purposes of this Certificate of Incorporation, the following terms have the meaning given to them in the LLC Agreement: “Cash Payment”, “Direct Exchange”, “Redemption” and “Unitholder”.

 

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Section 4.05 Conversion. The powers, preferences, and rights of, and the qualifications, limitations, and restrictions upon, each class or series of stock converted pursuant to this Section 4.05 shall be determined in accordance with, or as set forth in, this Certificate of Incorporation, including this Article IV.

(a) Conversion of Class E Common Stock. Each share of Class E Common Stock shall be convertible, on a one-for-one basis, into one fully paid and non-assessable share of Class A Common Stock, in accordance with and subject to the vesting, forfeiture, and other applicable terms set forth in the Sponsor Support Agreement, dated August 24, 2022, by and between GSR II Meteora Sponsor, LLC (“Sponsor”), GSR II Meteora Acquisition Corp., and BT Assets Inc.

(b) Conversion of Class M Common Stock. Shares of Class M Common Stock shall only be issuable to, and held by, the BT Stockholders. In the event a BT Stockholder transfers any shares of Class M Common Stock to any Person other than another BT Stockholder, such shares of Class M Common Stock shall automatically be converted, upon such transfer, on a one-for-one basis, into one fully paid and non-assessable share of Class A Common Stock without any further action required on the part of the Corporation or any other Person. In the case of a Trigger Event (as defined below), each of the then-outstanding shares of Class M Common Stock shall automatically be converted, on a one-for-one basis, into one fully paid and non-assessable share of Class A Common Stock without any further action required on the part of the Corporation or any other Person.

(c) Conversion of Class V Common Stock. In the event BT Stockholders cease to beneficially own in the aggregate (directly or indirectly) a number of shares of Class M Common Stock and Class V Common Stock that, in the aggregate, is at least twenty percent (20%) of the voting power represented by the shares of Class V Common Stock held by the BT Stockholders, in the aggregate, as of immediately after the closing of the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Agreement, entered into as of August 24, 2022, by and among GSR II Meteora Acquisition Corp., GSR II Meteora Sponsor LLC, BT Assets, Inc. and Lux Vending, LLC (the “Trigger Event” and the date on which a Trigger Event takes place, the “Trigger Date”), (i) each of the then-outstanding shares of Class M Common Stock shall automatically be converted, on a one-for-one basis, into one fully paid and non-assessable share of Class A Common Stock without any further action required on the part of the Corporation or any other Person and (ii) each of the then-outstanding shares of Class V Common Stock shall automatically be converted, on a one-for-one basis, into one fully paid and non-assessable share of Class O Common Stock without any further action required on the part of the Corporation or any other Person.

(d) Reservation of Shares of Common Stock for Conversions. The Corporation shall at all times reserve and keep available out of its authorized and unissued shares of Class A Common Stock and Class O Common Stock, for the purposes of effecting any conversions pursuant to this Section 4.05, the number of shares of such Class A Common Stock, that are issuable in connection with the conversion of all outstanding shares of Class E Common Stock, Class M Common Stock, and Class V Common Stock, respectively, in accordance with this Section 4.05.

Section 4.06 Rights and Options. The Corporation has the authority to create and issue rights, warrants, and options entitling the holders of such rights, warrants, or options to acquire from the Corporation shares of its Common Stock, with such rights, warrants, and options to be evidenced by or in instrument(s) approved by the Board of Directors. The Board of Directors is empowered to set the exercise price, duration, times for exercise, and other terms and conditions of such rights, warrants, or options; provided, however, that the consideration to be received for any shares of Common Stock issuable upon exercise of such rights, warrants, and options may not be less than the par value of such shares.

 

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ARTICLE FIVE.

Section 5.01 Board of Directors. Except as otherwise provided in this Certificate of Incorporation, the business and affairs of the Corporation shall be managed by or under the direction of the Board of Directors.

Section 5.02 Number of Directors. Subject to any rights of the holders of any series of Preferred Stock to elect additional directors under specified circumstances or otherwise, the number of directors which shall constitute the Board of Directors shall initially be seven, and, thereafter, shall be fixed from time to time exclusively by resolution of the Board of Directors.

Section 5.03 Election and Term of Office. The directors shall be elected by a plurality of the votes of the shares cast; provided, that, whenever the holders of any class or series of capital stock of the Corporation are entitled to elect one or more directors pursuant to the provisions of this Certificate of Incorporation (including, but not limited to, any duly authorized certificate of designation), such directors shall be elected by a plurality of the votes cast by such holders. Each director shall hold office until a successor is duly elected and qualified at the annual meeting of stockholders or until his or her earlier death, resignation, or removal. Nothing in this Certificate of Incorporation shall preclude a director from serving consecutive terms. Elections of directors need not be by written ballot unless the Bylaws of the Corporation (as amended and/or restated from time to time, the “Bylaws”) shall so provide.

Section 5.04 Newly-Created Directorships and Vacancies. Subject to the rights of the holders of any series of Preferred Stock then outstanding, newly created directorships resulting from any increase in the authorized number of directors or any vacancies in the Board of Directors resulting from death, resignation, disqualification, removal from office or any other cause may be filled only by resolution of a majority of the directors then in office, although less than a quorum, or by a sole remaining director, and may not be filled in any other manner. A director elected or appointed to fill a vacancy shall serve for the unexpired term of his or her predecessor in office and until his or her successor is elected and qualified or until his or her earlier death, resignation, or removal. A director elected or appointed to fill a position resulting from an increase in the number of directors shall hold office until his or her successor is elected and qualified, or until his or her earlier death, resignation, or removal. No decrease in the authorized number of directors shall shorten the term of any incumbent director.

Section 5.05 Removal and Resignation of Directors. Subject to the rights of the holders of any series of Preferred Stock then outstanding, notwithstanding any other provision of this Certificate of Incorporation, (a) prior to the Trigger Date, directors may be removed with or without cause upon the affirmative vote of stockholders representing at least a majority in voting power of the then outstanding shares of capital stock of the Corporation entitled to vote generally in an election of directors, voting together as a single class (“Voting Stock”) and (b) from and after the Trigger Date, directors may be removed with or without cause only upon the affirmative vote of stockholders representing at least sixty-six and two-thirds percent (662/3%) of the voting power of the outstanding shares of Voting Stock, voting together as a single class, at a meeting of the Corporation’s stockholders called for that purpose. Any director may resign at any time upon notice to the Corporation.

 

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Section 5.06 Rights of Holders of Preferred Stock. Notwithstanding the provisions of this ARTICLE FIVE, whenever the holders of one or more series of Preferred Stock shall have the right, voting separately or together by series, to elect directors at an annual or special meeting of stockholders, the election, term of office, filling of vacancies and other features of such directorship shall be subject to the rights of such series of Preferred Stock. During any period when the holders of any series of Preferred Stock, voting separately as a series or together with one or more series, have the right to elect additional directors, then upon commencement and for the duration of the period during which such right continues: (a) the total authorized number of directors of the Corporation shall automatically be increased by such specified number of directors, and the holders of such Preferred Stock shall be entitled to elect the additional directors so provided for or fixed pursuant to said provisions, and (b) each such additional director shall serve until such director’s successor shall have been duly elected and qualified, or until such director’s right to hold such office terminates pursuant to said provisions, whichever occurs earlier, subject to his or her earlier death, resignation, disqualification, or removal. Except as otherwise provided by the Board of Directors in the resolution or resolutions establishing such series, whenever the holders of any series of Preferred Stock having such right to elect additional directors are divested of such right pursuant to the provisions of such stock, the terms of office of all such additional directors elected by the holders of such stock, or elected to fill any vacancies resulting from the death, resignation, disqualification, or removal of such additional directors, shall forthwith terminate (in which case each such director thereupon shall cease to be qualified as, and shall cease to be, a director) and the total authorized number of directors of the Corporation shall automatically be reduced accordingly.

Section 5.07 Advance Notice. Advance notice of stockholder nominations for the election of directors and of business to be brought by stockholders before any meeting of the stockholders of the Corporation shall be given in the manner provided in the Bylaws.

Section 5.08 Chairman of the Board. Prior to the Trigger Date, the Chairman of the Board of Directors shall be designated solely by a majority of the directors nominated or designated for nomination by the BT Stockholders.

ARTICLE SIX.

Section 6.01 Limitation of Liability.

(a) To the fullest extent permitted by the DGCL as it now exists or may hereafter be amended (but, in the case of any such amendment, only to the extent such amendment permits the Corporation to provide broader exculpation than permitted prior to such amendment), no director or officer of the Corporation shall be liable to the Corporation or its stockholders for monetary damages arising from a breach of fiduciary duty as a director or officer.

(b) Any amendment, repeal, or modification of the foregoing paragraph shall not adversely affect any right or protection of a director or officer of the Corporation existing at the time of such amendment, repeal or modification with respect to any act, omission or other matter occurring prior to such amendment, repeal or modification.

 

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ARTICLE SEVEN.

Section 7.01 Action by Written Consent. Prior to the Trigger Date, any action which is required or permitted to be taken by the Corporation’s stockholders may be taken without a meeting, without prior notice, and without a vote if a consent or consents in writing, setting forth the action so taken, is signed by the holders of outstanding stock having not less than the minimum number of votes that would be necessary to authorize or take such action at a meeting at which all shares of the Corporation’s stock entitled to vote thereon were present and voted. From and after the Trigger Date, any action which is required or permitted to be taken by the Corporation’s stockholders may be taken only at a duly called annual or special meeting of the Corporation’s stockholders and the power of stockholders to consent in writing without a meeting is specifically denied without a meeting, unless such action has previously been approved and recommended by the Board of Directors; provided, however, that any action required or permitted to be taken by the holders of Preferred Stock, voting separately as a series or separately as a class with one or more other such series, may be taken without a meeting, without prior notice and without a vote, to the extent expressly so provided the resolutions creating such series of Preferred Stock.

Section 7.02 Special Meetings of Stockholders. Subject to the rights of the holders of any series of Preferred Stock then outstanding and to the requirements of applicable law, special meetings of stockholders of the Corporation may be called only (a) by or at the direction of (i) the Board of Directors pursuant to a written resolution adopted by the affirmative vote of the majority of the total number of directors that the Corporation would have if there were no vacancies, (ii) the Chairman of the Board of Directors, or (iii) the Chief Executive Officer (if any), and (b) prior to the Trigger Date, by the Chairman of the Board of Directors at the written request of the BT Stockholders. Any business transacted at any special meeting of stockholders shall be limited to the purpose or purposes stated in the notice of the meeting. From and after the Trigger Date, special meetings of stockholders of the Corporation may be called only pursuant to clause (a) in the preceding sentence.

ARTICLE EIGHT.

Section 8.01 Certain Acknowledgments. In recognition and anticipation that (a) certain of the directors, partners, principals, officers, members, managers, and/or employees of the BT Stockholders, Sponsor, or their respective Affiliates may serve as directors or officers of the Corporation and (b) the BT Stockholders, Sponsor, or their respective Affiliates engage and may continue to engage in the same or similar activities or related lines of business as those in which the Corporation, directly or indirectly, may engage and/or other business activities that overlap with or compete with those in which the Corporation, directly or indirectly, may engage, and (c) the Corporation and its Affiliates may engage in material business transactions with the BT Stockholders, Sponsor, or their respective Affiliates, and that the Corporation is expected to benefit therefrom, the provisions of this ARTICLE EIGHT are set forth to regulate and define to the fullest extent permitted by law the conduct of certain affairs of the Corporation as they may involve the BT Stockholders, Sponsor, their respective Affiliates, or their respective directors, partners, principals, officers, members, managers, and/or employees, including any of the foregoing who serve as officers or directors of the Corporation (collectively, the “Exempted Persons”), and the powers, rights, duties, and liabilities of the Corporation and its officers, directors, and stockholders in connection therewith.

 

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Section 8.02 Competition and Corporate Opportunities. To the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, none of the Exempted Persons shall have any fiduciary duty to refrain from engaging directly or indirectly in the same or similar business activities or lines of business as the Corporation or any of its Affiliates, and no Exempted Person shall be liable to the Corporation or its stockholders for breach of any fiduciary duty solely by reason of any such activities of any BT Stockholder, Sponsor, their respective Affiliates, or such Exempted Person. To the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, the Corporation, on behalf of itself and its Affiliates, renounces any interest or expectancy of the Corporation and its Affiliates in, or in being offered an opportunity to participate in, business opportunities that are from time to time presented to the Exempted Persons, even if the opportunity is one that the Corporation or its Affiliates might reasonably be deemed to have pursued or had the ability or desire to pursue if granted the opportunity to do so, each Exempted Person shall have no duty to communicate or offer such business opportunity to the Corporation or its Affiliates and, to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, each Exempted Person shall not be liable to the Corporation, any of its Affiliates, or its stockholders for breach of any fiduciary or other duty, as a director, officer, or stockholder of the Corporation, by reason of the fact that the BT Stockholders, Sponsor, their respective Affiliates, or any such Exempted Person pursues or acquires such business opportunity, sells, assigns, transfers, or directs such business opportunity to another Person or fails to present such business opportunity, or information regarding such business opportunity, to the Corporation or any of its Affiliates. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Section 8.02, the Corporation does not renounce any interest or expectancy it may have in any business opportunity that is expressly offered to any Exempted Person in his or her capacity as a director or officer of the Corporation.

Section 8.03 Certain Matters Deemed Not Corporate Opportunities. In addition to and notwithstanding the foregoing provisions of this ARTICLE EIGHT, a corporate opportunity shall not be deemed to belong to the Corporation if it is a business opportunity the Corporation is not financially able or contractually permitted or legally able to undertake, or that is, from its nature, not in the line of the Corporation’s business or is of no practical advantage to it or that is one in which the Corporation has no interest or reasonable expectancy.

Section 8.04 Amendment of this Article. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary elsewhere contained in this Certificate of Incorporation, subject to the rights of the holders of any series of Preferred Stock then outstanding, and in addition to any vote required by applicable law, the affirmative vote of the holders of at least eighty percent (80%) of the voting power of the then outstanding shares of Voting Stock, voting together as a single class, shall be required to alter, amend, or repeal, or to adopt any provision inconsistent with, this ARTICLE EIGHT; provided, however, that, to the fullest extent permitted by law, neither the alteration, amendment, or repeal of this ARTICLE EIGHT nor the adoption of any provision of this Certificate of Incorporation inconsistent with this ARTICLE EIGHT shall apply to or have any effect on the liability or alleged liability of any Exempted Person for or with respect to any activities or opportunities which such Exempted Person becomes aware prior to such alteration, amendment, repeal, or adoption.

 

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Section 8.05 Deemed Notice. Any Person purchasing or otherwise acquiring or holding any interest in any shares of the Corporation shall be deemed to have notice of and to have consented to the provisions of this ARTICLE EIGHT.

ARTICLE NINE.

Section 9.01 Section 203 of the DGCL. The Corporation expressly elects not to be subject to the provisions of Section 203 of the DGCL.

Section 9.02 Business Combinations with Interested Stockholders. Notwithstanding any other provision in this Certificate of Incorporation to the contrary, the Corporation shall not engage in any Business Combination (as defined below) at any point in time at which the Class A Common Stock is registered under Section 12(b) or 12(g) of the Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), with any Interested Stockholder (as defined below) for a period of three years following the time that such stockholder became an Interested Stockholder, unless:

(a) prior to such time the Board of Directors approved either the Business Combination or the transaction which resulted in such stockholder becoming an Interested Stockholder;

(b) upon consummation of the transaction which resulted in such stockholder becoming an Interested Stockholder, such stockholder owned at least eighty-five percent (85%) of the Voting Stock of the Corporation outstanding at the time the transaction commenced, excluding for purposes of determining the Voting Stock outstanding (but not the outstanding Voting Stock owned by such Interested Stockholder) those shares owned (i) by Persons (as defined below) who are directors and also officers of the Corporation and (ii) employee stock plans of the Corporation in which employee participants do not have the right to determine confidentially whether shares held subject to the plan will be tendered in a tender or exchange offer; or

(c) at or subsequent to such time the Business Combination is approved by the Board of Directors and authorized at an annual or special meeting of stockholders, and not by written consent, by the affirmative vote of at least sixty-six and two-thirds percent (662/3%) of the outstanding Voting Stock which is not owned by such Interested Stockholder.

Section 9.03 Exceptions to Prohibition on Interested Stockholder Transactions. The restrictions contained in this ARTICLE NINE shall not apply if:

(a) a stockholder becomes an Interested Stockholder inadvertently and (i) as soon as practicable divests itself of ownership of sufficient shares so that the stockholder ceases to be an Interested Stockholder; and (ii) would not, at any time within the three-year period immediately prior to a Business Combination between the Corporation and such stockholder, have been an Interested Stockholder but for the inadvertent acquisition of ownership; or

(b) the Business Combination is proposed prior to the consummation or abandonment of and subsequent to the earlier of the public announcement or the notice required under this Certificate of Incorporation of a proposed transaction which (i) constitutes one of the transactions described in the second sentence of this Section 9.03(b); (ii) is with or by a Person who either was not an Interested Stockholder during the previous three years or who became an Interested Stockholder with the approval of the Board of Directors; and (iii) is approved or not opposed by a

 

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majority of the directors then in office (but not less than one) who were directors prior to any Person becoming an Interested Stockholder during the previous three years or were recommended for election or elected to succeed such directors by a majority of such directors. The proposed transactions referred to in the preceding sentence are limited to: (x) a merger or consolidation of the Corporation (except for a merger in respect of which, pursuant to Section 251(f) of the DGCL, no vote of the stockholders of the Corporation is required); (y) a sale, lease, exchange, mortgage, pledge, transfer, or other disposition (in one transaction or a series of transactions), whether as part of a dissolution or otherwise, of assets of the Corporation or of any direct or indirect majority-owned subsidiary of the Corporation (other than to any direct or indirect wholly-owned subsidiary or to the Corporation) having an aggregate market value equal to fifty percent (50%) or more of either that aggregate market value of all of the assets of the Corporation determined on a consolidated basis or the aggregate market value of all the outstanding Stock (as defined below) of the Corporation; or (z) a proposed tender or exchange offer for fifty percent (50%) or more of the outstanding Voting Stock of the Corporation. The Corporation shall give not less than 20 days’ notice to all Interested Stockholders prior to the consummation of any of the transactions described in clause (x) or (y) of the second sentence of this Section 9.03(b).

Section 9.04 Definitions. As used in this ARTICLE NINE, and unless otherwise provided by the express terms of this ARTICLE NINE, the following terms shall have the meanings ascribed to them as set forth in this Section 9.04:

(a) “Affiliate” means, for the purposes of this Certificate of Incorporation, with respect to a Person, another Person that directly, or indirectly through one or more intermediaries, controls, or is controlled by, or is under common control with, such Person;

(b) “Associate,” when used to indicate a relationship with any Person, means: (i) any corporation, partnership, unincorporated association or other entity of which such Person is a director, officer or general partner or is, directly or indirectly, the owner of twenty percent (20%) or more of any class of Voting Stock; (ii) any trust or other estate in which such Person has at least a twenty percent (20%) beneficial interest or as to which such Person serves as trustee or in a similar fiduciary capacity; and (iii) any relative or spouse of such Person, or any relative of such spouse, who has the same residence as such Person;

(c) “Business Combination” means:

(i) any merger or consolidation of the Corporation or any direct or indirect majority-owned subsidiary of the Corporation with (A) the Interested Stockholder, or (B) any other corporation, partnership, unincorporated association or entity if the merger or consolidation is caused by the Interested Stockholder and as a result of such merger or consolidation Section 9.02 is not applicable to the surviving entity;

(ii) any sale, lease, exchange, mortgage, pledge, transfer or other disposition (in one transaction or a series of transactions), except proportionately as a stockholder of the Corporation, to or with the Interested Stockholder, whether as part of a dissolution or otherwise, of assets of the Corporation or of any direct or indirect majority-owned subsidiary of the Corporation which assets have an aggregate market value equal to ten percent (10%) or more of either the aggregate market value of all the assets of the Corporation determined on a consolidated basis or the aggregate market value of all the outstanding Stock of the Corporation;

 

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(iii) any transaction which results in the issuance or transfer by the Corporation or by any direct or indirect majority-owned subsidiary of the Corporation of any Stock of the Corporation or of such subsidiary to the Interested Stockholder, except: (A) pursuant to the exercise, exchange or conversion of securities exercisable for, exchangeable for or convertible into Stock of the Corporation or any such subsidiary which securities were outstanding prior to the time that the Interested Stockholder became such; (B) pursuant to an exchange of LLC Units into Class A Common Stock or Class M Common Stock, to the extent provided in the LLC Agreement; (C) pursuant to a merger under Section 251(g) of the DGCL; (D) pursuant to a dividend or distribution paid or made, or the exercise, exchange or conversion of securities exercisable for, exchangeable for or convertible into Stock of the Corporation or any such subsidiary which security is distributed, pro rata to all holders of a class or series of Stock of the Corporation subsequent to the time the Interested Stockholder became such; (E) pursuant to an exchange offer by the Corporation to purchase Stock made on the same terms to all holders of such Stock; or (F) any issuance or transfer of Stock by the Corporation; provided, however, that in no case under items (D)-(F) of this Section 9.04(c)(iii) shall there be an increase in the Interested Stockholder’s proportionate share of the Stock of any class or series of the Corporation or of the Voting Stock of the Corporation;

(iv) any transaction involving the Corporation or any direct or indirect majority-owned subsidiary of the Corporation which has the effect, directly or indirectly, of increasing the proportionate share of the Stock of any class or series, or securities convertible into the Stock of any class or series, of the Corporation or of any such subsidiary which is owned by the Interested Stockholder, except as a result of immaterial changes due to fractional share adjustments or as a result of any purchase or redemption of any shares of Stock not caused, directly or indirectly, by the Interested Stockholder; or

(v) any receipt by the Interested Stockholder of the benefit, directly or indirectly (except proportionately as a stockholder of the Corporation), of any loans, advances, guarantees, pledges or other financial benefits (other than those expressly permitted in Section 9.04(c)(i)-(iv)) provided by or through the Corporation or any direct or indirect majority-owned subsidiary of the Corporation;

(d) “Control,” including the terms “controlling,” “controlled by” and “under common control with,” means the possession, directly or indirectly, of the power to direct or cause the direction of the management and policies of a Person, whether through the ownership of Voting Stock, by contract or otherwise. A Person who is the owner of twenty percent (20%) or more of the outstanding Voting Stock of any corporation, partnership, unincorporated association or other entity shall be presumed to have control of such entity, in the absence of proof by a preponderance of the evidence to the contrary; notwithstanding the foregoing, a presumption of control shall not apply where such Person holds Voting Stock, in good faith and not for the purpose of circumventing this ARTICLE NINE, as an agent, bank, broker, nominee, custodian or trustee for one or more owners who do not individually or as a group (as such term is used in Rule 13d-5 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as such Rule is in effect as of the date of this Certificate of Incorporation) have control of such entity;

 

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(e) “Interested Stockholder” means any Person (other than the Corporation and any direct or indirect majority-owned subsidiary of the Corporation) that (i) is the owner of fifteen percent (15%) or more of the outstanding Voting Stock of the Corporation, or (ii) is an Affiliate or Associate of the Corporation and was the owner of fifteen percent (15%) or more of the outstanding Voting Stock of the Corporation at any time within the three-year period immediately prior to the date on which it is sought to be determined whether such Person is an Interested Stockholder, and the Affiliates and Associates of such Person. Notwithstanding anything in this ARTICLE NINE to the contrary, the term “Interested Stockholder” shall not include: (w) Sponsor or its Affiliates, (x) the BT Stockholders or any of their Affiliates, or any other Person with whom any of the foregoing are acting as a group or in concert for the purpose of acquiring, holding, voting or disposing of shares of Stock of the Corporation, (y) any Person who would otherwise be an Interested Stockholder either in connection with or because of a transfer, sale, assignment, conveyance, hypothecation, encumbrance, or other disposition of five percent (5%) or more of the outstanding Voting Stock of the Corporation (in one transaction or a series of transactions) by any BT Stockholder or any of their respective Affiliates or Associates to such Person; provided, however, that such Person was not an Interested Stockholder prior to such transfer, sale, assignment, conveyance, hypothecation, encumbrance, or other disposition; or (z) any Person whose ownership of shares in excess of the fifteen percent (15%) limitation set forth in this Section 9.03(e) is the result of action taken solely by the Corporation, provided, that, for purposes of this clause (z) only, such Person shall be an Interested Stockholder if thereafter such Person acquires additional shares of Voting Stock of the Corporation, except as a result of further action by the Corporation not caused, directly or indirectly, by such Person;

(f) “Owner,” including the terms “own” and “owned,” when used with respect to any Stock, means a Person that individually or with or through any of its Affiliates or Associates beneficially owns such Stock, directly or indirectly, or has (A) the right to acquire such Stock (whether such right is exercisable immediately or only after the passage of time) pursuant to any agreement, arrangement or understanding, or upon the exercise of conversion rights, exchange rights, warrants or options, or otherwise; provided, however, that a Person shall not be deemed the owner of Stock tendered pursuant to a tender or exchange offer made by such Person or any of such Person’s Affiliates or Associates until such tendered Stock is accepted for purchase or exchange; or (B) the right to vote such Stock pursuant to any agreement, arrangement or understanding; provided, however, that a Person shall not be deemed the owner of any Stock because of such Person’s right to vote such Stock if the agreement, arrangement or understanding to vote such Stock arises solely from a revocable proxy or consent given in response to a proxy or consent solicitation made to ten (10) or more Persons; or (C) any agreement, arrangement or understanding for the purpose of acquiring, holding, voting (except voting pursuant to a revocable proxy or consent as described in (B) of this Section 9.04(f)), or disposing of such Stock with any other Person that beneficially owns, or whose Affiliates or Associates beneficially own, directly or indirectly, such Stock; provided, that, for the purpose of determining whether a Person is an Interested Stockholder, the Voting Stock of the Corporation deemed to be outstanding shall include Stock deemed to be owned by the Person through application of this definition of “owned” but shall not include any other unissued Stock of the Corporation which may be issuable pursuant to any agreement, arrangement or understanding, or upon exercise of conversion rights, warrants or options, or otherwise;

 

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(g) “Person” means, for the purposes of this Certificate of Incorporation, any individual, corporation, partnership, unincorporated association, or other entity;

(h) “Stock” means, with respect to any corporation, any capital stock of such corporation and, with respect to any other entity, any equity interest of such entity; and

(i) “Voting Stock” means, for the purposes of this Certificate of Incorporation, with respect to any corporation, Stock of any class or series entitled to vote generally in the election of directors and, with respect to any entity that is not a corporation, any equity interest entitled to vote generally in the election of the governing body of such entity. Every reference to a percentage of Voting Stock shall refer to such percentage of the votes of such Voting Stock.

ARTICLE TEN.

Section 10.01 Amendments to the Bylaws. Subject to the rights of holders of any series of Preferred Stock then outstanding, in furtherance and not in limitation of the powers conferred by law, prior to the Trigger Date, the Bylaws may be amended, altered, or repealed and new bylaws made by (a) the Board of Directors, or (b) the stockholders by, in addition to any vote of the holders of any class or series of capital stock of the Corporation required by this Certificate of Incorporation (including any resolution setting forth the terms of any series of Preferred Stock) and any other vote otherwise required by applicable law, the affirmative vote of the holders of at least a majority of the voting power of all of the then outstanding shares of Voting Stock. Subject to the rights of holders of any series of Preferred Stock then outstanding, in furtherance and not in limitation of the powers conferred by law, from and after the Trigger Date, the Bylaws may be amended, altered, or repealed and new bylaws made by (i) the Board of Directors or (ii) by the stockholders by, in addition to the vote of any holders of any class or series of capital stock of the Corporation required by this Certificate of Incorporation (including any resolution setting forth the terms of any series of Preferred Stock), the Bylaws, or applicable law, the affirmative vote of the holders of at least sixty-six and two-thirds percent (662/3%) of the voting power of the then outstanding shares of Voting Stock, voting together as a single class.

Section 10.02 Amendments to this Certificate of Incorporation. Subject to the rights of holders of any series of Preferred Stock then outstanding, and in addition to any affirmative vote of the holders of any particular class or series of the capital stock required by law or otherwise, no provision of ARTICLE FIVE, ARTICLE SIX, ARTICLE SEVEN, ARTICLE NINE, ARTICLE TEN or ARTICLE ELEVEN of this Certificate of Incorporation may be altered, amended, or repealed in any respect, nor may any provision of this Certificate of Incorporation or the Bylaws inconsistent therewith be adopted, unless in addition to any other vote required by this Certificate of Incorporation or otherwise required by law, (a) prior to the Trigger Date, such alteration, amendment, repeal, or adoption is approved by the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the voting power of the then outstanding shares of Voting Stock, voting together as a single class, and (b) from and after the Trigger Date, such alteration, amendment, repeal, or adoption is approved by the affirmative vote of holders of at least sixty-six and two-thirds percent (662/3%) of the voting power of the then outstanding shares of Voting Stock, voting together as a single class.

 

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ARTICLE ELEVEN.

Section 11.01 Exclusive Forum. Unless this Corporation consents in writing to the selection of an alternative forum, (a) the Court of Chancery (the “Chancery Court”) of the State of Delaware (or, in the event that the Chancery Court does not have jurisdiction, the federal district court for the District of Delaware or other state courts of the State of Delaware) shall, to the fullest extent permitted by law, be the sole and exclusive forum for (i) any derivative action or proceeding brought on behalf of the Corporation, (ii) any action asserting a claim of breach of a fiduciary duty owed by any current or former director, officer, employee or stockholder of the Corporation to the Corporation or the Corporation’s stockholders, (iii) any action asserting a claim arising pursuant to any provision of the DGCL or as to which the DGCL confers jurisdiction on the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware, this Certificate of Incorporation, or the Bylaws or (iv) any action asserting a claim governed by the internal affairs doctrine; provided, that for the avoidance of doubt, this provision, including for any “derivative action”, will not apply to suits to enforce a duty or liability created by the Securities Act, the Exchange Act or any other claim for which the federal courts have exclusive jurisdiction; and (b) the federal district courts of the United States shall be the exclusive forum for the resolution of any complaint asserting a cause of action arising under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended. If any action the subject matter of which is within the scope of clause (a) of the immediately preceding sentence is filed in a court other than the courts in the State of Delaware (a “Foreign Action”) in the name of any stockholder, such stockholder shall be deemed to have consented to (x) the personal jurisdiction of the state and federal courts in the State of Delaware in connection with any action brought in any such court to enforce the provisions of clause (a) of the immediately preceding sentence and (y) having service of process made upon such stockholder in any such action by service upon such stockholder’s counsel in the Foreign Action as agent for such stockholder.

Section 11.02 Deemed Notice. Any Person purchasing or otherwise acquiring or holding any interest in shares of capital stock of the Corporation shall be deemed to have notice of and to have consented to the provisions of this ARTICLE ELEVEN.

ARTICLE TWELVE.

Section 12.01 Severability. If any provision or provisions of this Certificate of Incorporation shall be held to be invalid, illegal, or unenforceable as applied to any circumstance for any reason whatsoever, the validity, legality, and enforceability of such provisions in any other circumstance and of the remaining provisions of this Certificate of Incorporation (including, without limitation, each portion of any paragraph of this Certificate of Incorporation containing any such provision held to be invalid, illegal, or unenforceable that is not itself held to be invalid, illegal, or unenforceable) shall not, to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, in any way be affected or impaired thereby.

 

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Exhibit 3.2

Amended and Restated

Bylaws

of

Bitcoin Depot Inc.

 


Table of Contents

 

         Page  

Article I Offices

     1  

1.1

  Registered Office      1  

1.2

  Other Offices      1  

1.3

  Books and Records      1  

Article II Stockholders

     1  

2.1

  Place of Meetings      1  

2.2

  Annual Meeting      1  

2.3

  Special Meetings      2  

2.4

  Notice of Meetings      2  

2.5

  Voting List      2  

2.6

  Quorum      2  

2.7

  Inspectors of Election      3  

2.8

  Adjournments      3  

2.9

  Voting and Proxies      4  

2.10

  Action at Meeting      4  

2.11

  Record Date for Stockholder Action by Written Consent      4  

2.12

  Stockholder Action by Written Consent      5  

2.13

  Nomination of Directors      5  

2.14

  Notice of Business at Annual Meetings      9  

2.15

  Conduct of Meetings      11  

Article III Directors

     12  

3.1

  General Powers      12  

3.2

  Number, Election and Qualification      12  

3.3

  Chairman of the Board; Vice Chairman of the Board      13  

3.4

  Quorum      13  

3.5

  Action at Meeting      13  

3.6

  Removal      13  

3.7

  Vacancies      13  

3.8

  Resignation      13  

3.9

  Regular Meetings      14  

3.10

  Special Meetings      14  

3.11

  Notice of Special Meetings      14  

3.12

  Meetings by Conference Communications Equipment      14  

3.13

  Action by Consent      14  

3.14

  Committees      14  

3.15

  Compensation of Directors      15  

Article IV Officers

     15  

4.1

  Titles      15  

4.2

  Appointment      15  


4.3

  Qualification      15  

4.4

  Tenure      16  

4.5

  Removal; Resignation      16  

4.6

  Vacancies      16  

4.7

  President; Chief Executive Officer      16  

4.8

  Chief Financial Officer      16  

4.9

  Vice Presidents      16  

4.10

  Secretary and Assistant Secretaries      16  

4.11

  Salaries      17  

4.12

  Delegation of Authority      17  

4.13

  Execution of Contracts      17  

Article V Capital Stock

     17  

5.1

  Issuance of Stock      17  

5.2

  Uncertificated Shares; Stock Certificates      17  

5.3

  Transfers      18  

5.4

  Lost, Stolen or Destroyed Certificates      18  

5.5

  Record Date      18  

5.6

  Regulations      19  

5.7

  Dividends      19  

5.8

  Multiple Classes of Stock      19  

Article VI General Provisions

     19  

6.1

  Fiscal Year      19  

6.2

  Corporate Seal      19  

6.3

  Waiver of Notice      19  

6.4

  Voting of Securities      20  

6.5

  Evidence of Authority      20  

6.6

  Certificate of Incorporation      20  

6.7

  Severability      20  

6.8

  Pronouns      20  

6.9

  Electronic Transmission      20  

6.10

  Meeting Attendance via Remote Communication Equipment      20  

6.11

  Inconsistent Provisions      21  

Article VII Amendments

     21  

Article VIII Indemnification and Advancement

     21  

8.1

  Power to Indemnify in Actions, Suits or Proceedings other than Those by or in the Right of the Corporation      21  

8.2

  Power to Indemnify in Actions, Suits or Proceedings by or in the Right of the Corporation      22  

8.3

  Authorization of Indemnification      22  

8.4

  Good Faith Defined      22  

8.5

  Right of Claimant to Bring Suit      23  

8.6

  Expenses Payable in Advance      23  


8.7

  Nonexclusivity of Indemnification and Advancement of Expenses      23  

8.8

  Insurance      24  

8.9

  Certain Definitions      24  

8.10

  Survival of Indemnification and Advancement of Expenses      24  

8.11

  Limitation on Indemnification      24  

8.12

  Contract Rights      25  


Article I

Offices

1.1 Registered Office. The registered office of Bitcoin Depot Inc. (hereinafter called the “Corporation”) in the State of Delaware shall be located at either (a) the principal place of business of the Corporation in the State of Delaware or (b) the office of the corporation or individual acting as the Corporation’s registered agent in Delaware. The office of the Corporation’s registered agent is located at 1209 Orange Street, City of Wilmington, County of New Castle, Delaware 19801. The name of the Corporation’s registered agent at such address shall be The Corporation Trust Company. The registered office and/or registered agent of the Corporation may be changed from time to time by action of the Board of Directors (the “Board”).

1.2 Other Offices. The Corporation may also have offices at such other places, both within and without the State of Delaware, as the Board may from time to time determine or the business of the Corporation may require.

1.3 Books and Records. Any records administered by or on behalf of the Corporation in the regular course of its business, including its stock ledger, books of account, and minute books, may be maintained on any information storage device, method, or one or more electronic networks or databases (including one or more distributed electronic networks or databases); provided, that the records so kept can be converted into clearly legible paper form within a reasonable time, and, with respect to the stock ledger, the records so kept comply with the applicable provisions of the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware.

Article II

Stockholders

2.1 Place of Meetings. All meetings of stockholders shall be held at such place, if any, as may be designated from time to time by the Board, the Chairman of the Board, or the Chief Executive Officer or, if not so designated, at the principal executive offices of the Corporation. The Board may, in its sole discretion, determine that a meeting shall not be held at any place, but may instead be held solely by means of remote communication in accordance with Section 211(a) of the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware or any applicable successor act thereto, as the same may be amended from time to time (the “DGCL”).

2.2 Annual Meeting. The annual meeting of stockholders for the election of directors to succeed those whose terms expire and for the transaction of such other business as may properly be brought before the meeting shall be held on a date and at a time designated by the Board, the Chairman of the Board, or the Chief Executive Officer (which date shall not be a legal holiday in the place, if any, where the meeting is to be held). The Board may postpone, recess, reschedule or cancel any previously scheduled annual meeting of stockholders, before or after the notice for such meeting has been sent to the stockholders.

 

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2.3 Special Meetings. Special meetings of stockholders for any purpose or purposes shall be called in the manner provided in the Certificate of Incorporation. The Board acting pursuant to a resolution may postpone, recess, reschedule or cancel any previously scheduled special meeting of stockholders, before or after the notice for such meeting has been sent to the stockholders. Business transacted at a special meeting requested by stockholders shall be limited to the matters described in the special meeting request; provided, however, that nothing herein shall prohibit the Board from submitting matters to the stockholders at any special meeting requested by stockholders.

2.4 Notice of Meetings. Except as otherwise provided by law, notice of each meeting of stockholders, whether annual or special, shall be given not less than ten (10) nor more than sixty (60) days before the date of the meeting to each stockholder entitled to vote at such meeting as of the record date for determining the stockholders entitled to notice of the meeting. Without limiting the manner by which notice otherwise may be given to stockholders, any notice shall be effective if given by electronic mail or if given by another form of electronic transmission consented to by the stockholder to whom the notice is given in each case in a manner consistent with the DGCL. The notices of all meetings shall state the place, if any, date and time of the meeting, the means of remote communications, if any, by which stockholders and proxyholders may be deemed to be present in person and vote at such meeting, and the record date for determining the stockholders entitled to vote at the meeting (if such date is different from the record date for stockholders entitled to notice of the meeting). The notice of a special meeting shall state, in addition, the purpose or purposes for which the meeting is called. If notice is given by mail, such notice shall be deemed given when deposited in the United States mail, postage prepaid, directed to the stockholder at such stockholder’s address as it appears on the records of the Corporation. If notice is given by electronic transmission, such notice shall be deemed given at the time specified in Section 232 of the DGCL.

2.5 Voting List. The Corporation shall prepare, no later than the tenth (10th) day before each meeting of stockholders, a complete list of the stockholders entitled to vote at the meeting (provided, however, if the record date for determining the stockholders entitled to vote is less than ten (10) days before the date of the meeting, the list shall reflect the stockholders entitled to vote as of the tenth (10th) day before the meeting date), arranged in alphabetical order, and showing the address of each stockholder and the number of shares registered in the name of each stockholder. Such list shall be open to the examination of any stockholder, for any purpose germane to the meeting, for a period of ten (10) days ending on the day before the meeting date: (a) on a reasonably accessible electronic network, provided, that the information required to gain access to such list is provided with the notice of the meeting, or (b) during ordinary business hours, at the principal place of business of the Corporation. Except as otherwise provided by law, the list shall presumptively determine the identity of the stockholders entitled to vote at the meeting and the number of shares held by each of them.

2.6 Quorum. Except as otherwise provided by law, the Certificate of Incorporation or these Bylaws, the holders of a majority in voting power of the shares of the capital stock of the Corporation issued and outstanding and entitled to vote at the meeting, present in person, present by means of remote communication in a manner, if any, authorized by the Board in its sole discretion, or represented by proxy, shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business; provided, however, that where a separate vote by a class or classes or series of capital stock is required by law or the Certificate of Incorporation, the holders of a majority in voting power of the shares of such class or classes or series of capital stock of the Corporation issued and

 

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outstanding and entitled to vote on such matter, present in person, present by means of remote communication in a manner, if any, authorized by the Board in its sole discretion, or represented by proxy, shall constitute a quorum entitled to take action with respect to the vote on such matter. A quorum, once established at a meeting, shall not be broken by the withdrawal of enough votes to leave less than a quorum.

2.7 Inspectors of Election. The Corporation may, and shall if required by law, in advance of any meeting of stockholders, designate one or more persons as inspectors of election, who may be employees of the Corporation or otherwise serve the Corporation in other capacities, to act at such meeting of stockholders or any adjournment thereof and to make a written report thereof. The Corporation may appoint one or more persons as alternate inspectors to replace any inspector who fails to act. If no inspector so appointed or designated is able to act at a meeting of stockholders, the chairman of the meeting shall appoint one or more inspectors to act at the meeting. Each inspector, before discharging his or her duties, shall take and sign an oath to faithfully execute the duties of inspector with strict impartiality and according to the best of his or her ability. The inspector or inspectors shall: (a) ascertain and report the number of outstanding shares and the voting power of each such share; (b) determine the number of shares present in person or represented by proxy at the meeting and the validity of proxies and ballots; (c) count all votes and ballots and report the results; (d) determine and retain for a reasonable period a record of the disposition of any challenges made to any determination by the inspectors; and (e) certify their determination of the number of shares represented at the meeting and their count of all votes and ballots. Such certification and report shall specify such other information as may be required by law. In determining the validity and counting of proxies and ballots cast at any meeting of stockholders of the Corporation, the inspectors may consider such information as is permitted by applicable law. No person who is a candidate for an office at an election may serve as an inspector at such election. Each report of an inspector shall be in writing and signed by the inspector or by a majority of them if there is more than one inspector acting at such meeting. If there is more than one inspector, the report of a majority shall be the report of the inspectors.

2.8 Adjournments. Any meeting of stockholders, annual or special, may be adjourned from time to time to any other time and to any other place at which a meeting of stockholders may be held under these Bylaws by the chairman of the meeting, whether or not a quorum is present, or, in the absence of a quorum and if directed to be voted on by the chairman of the meeting, by the stockholders present or represented at the meeting and entitled to vote thereon, although less than a quorum. Unless the Bylaws otherwise require, when a meeting is adjourned to another time or place (including an adjournment taken to address a technical failure to convene or continue a meeting using remote communication), unless these Bylaws otherwise require, notice need not be given of the adjourned meeting if the time, place, if any, thereof, and the means of remote communications, if any, by which stockholders and proxy holders may be deemed to be present in person and vote at such adjourned meeting are (a) announced at the meeting at which the adjournment is taken, (b) displayed, during the time scheduled for the meeting, on the same electronic network used to enable stockholders and proxy holders to participate in the meeting by means of remote communication or (c) set forth in the notice of meeting given in accordance with Section 2.4. If the adjournment is for more than thirty (30) days, a notice of the adjourned meeting shall be given to each stockholder of record entitled to vote at the meeting. If after the adjournment

 

3


a new record date for determination of stockholders entitled to vote is fixed for the adjourned meeting, the Board shall fix as the record date for determining stockholders entitled to notice of such adjourned meeting the same or an earlier date as that fixed for determination of stockholders entitled to vote at the adjourned meeting, and shall give notice of the adjourned meeting to each stockholder of record as of the record date so fixed for notice of such adjourned meeting. At the adjourned meeting, the Corporation may transact any business which might have been transacted at the original meeting.

2.9 Voting and Proxies. Each stockholder shall have such number of votes, if any, for each share of stock entitled to vote and held of record by such stockholder as may be fixed in the Certificate of Incorporation, unless otherwise provided by law or the Certificate of Incorporation. Each stockholder of record entitled to vote at a meeting of stockholders may vote in person (including by means of remote communications, if any, by which stockholders may be deemed to be present in person and vote at such meeting) or may authorize another person or persons to vote for such stockholder by a proxy executed or transmitted in a manner permitted by applicable law. No such proxy shall be voted upon after three (3) years from the date of its execution, unless the proxy expressly provides for a longer period.

2.10 Action at Meeting. When a quorum is present at any meeting, any matter other than the election of directors to be voted upon by the stockholders at such meeting shall be decided by the vote of the holders of a majority of the voting power of the shares (or if there are two (2) or more classes or series of stock entitled to vote as separate classes, then in the case of each such class or series, the affirmative vote of a majority of the voting power of the shares of such class or series) present in person or represented by proxy and entitled to vote thereon, except when a different vote is required by applicable law, regulation applicable to the Corporation or its securities, the rules or regulations of any stock exchange applicable to the Corporation, the Certificate of Incorporation or these Bylaws. For the avoidance of doubt, neither abstentions nor broker non-votes will be counted as votes cast for or against such matter. Other than directors who may be elected by the holders of shares of any series of Preferred Stock (as defined in the Certificate of Incorporation) or pursuant to any resolution or resolutions providing for the issuance of such stock adopted by the Board, each director shall be elected by a plurality of the votes cast at a meeting at which a quorum is present. Voting at meetings of stockholders need not be by written ballot.

2.11 Record Date for Stockholder Action by Written Consent. If stockholders are permitted to act by written consent pursuant to the Certificate of Incorporation, in order that the Corporation may determine the stockholders entitled to consent to corporate action in writing without a meeting, the Board may fix a record date, which record date shall not precede the date upon which the resolution fixing the record date is adopted by the Board, and which date shall not be more than ten (10) days after the date upon which the resolution fixing the record date is adopted by the Board. If no record date has been fixed by the Board pursuant to the first sentence of this Section 2.11, the record date for determining stockholders entitled to consent to corporate action in writing without a meeting (if stockholders are permitted to act by written consent pursuant to the Certificate of Incorporation), when no prior action by the Board is required by applicable law, shall be the first date on which a signed written consent setting forth the action taken or proposed to be taken is delivered to the Corporation in accordance with the DGCL. If no record date has

 

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been fixed by the Board pursuant to the first sentence of this Section 2.11, the record date for determining stockholders entitled to consent to corporate action in writing without a meeting if prior action by the Board is required by applicable law shall be at the close of business on the date on which the Board adopts the resolution taking such prior action.

2.12 Stockholder Action by Written Consent. Until the Trigger Date (as defined in the Certificate of Incorporation) and subject to any other restrictions in the Certificate of Incorporation, any action required or permitted to be taken at any annual or special meeting of the stockholders may be taken without a meeting, without prior notice and without a vote, if a consent or consents setting forth the action so taken shall be signed by the holders of outstanding stock having not less than the minimum number of votes that would be necessary to authorize or take such action at a meeting at which all shares entitled to vote thereon were present and voted and shall be delivered to the Corporation in accordance with the DGCL. Delivery made to the Corporation’s registered office shall be by hand or by certified or registered mail, return receipt requested. Prompt notice of the taking of the corporate action without a meeting by less than unanimous written consent shall, to the extent required by law, be given to those stockholders who have not consented in writing and who, if the action had been taken at a meeting, would have been entitled to notice of the meeting if the record date for notice of such meeting had been the date that written consents signed by a sufficient number of holders to take the action were delivered to the Corporation.

2.13 Nomination of Directors.

(a) Except for (i) any directors entitled to be elected by the holders of Preferred Stock, (ii) any directors elected in accordance with Section 3.7 hereof by the Board to fill a vacancy or newly-created directorship or (iii) as otherwise required by applicable law or stock exchange regulation, at any meeting of stockholders, only persons who are nominated in accordance with the procedures in this Section 2.13 shall be eligible for election or re-election as directors. Nomination for election to the Board at a meeting of stockholders may be made (A) by or at the direction of the Board (or any committee thereof) or (B) by any stockholder of the Corporation who (x) timely complies with the notice procedures in Section 2.13(b), (y) is a stockholder of record on the date of the giving of such notice and on the record date for the determination of stockholders entitled to vote at such meeting and (z) is entitled to vote at such meeting.

(b) To be timely, a stockholder’s notice must be received in writing by the Secretary (or such other officer designated by the Board) of the Corporation at the principal executive offices, as follows: (i) in the case of an election of directors at an annual meeting of stockholders, not less than ninety (90) days nor more than one hundred and twenty (120) days prior to the first anniversary of the preceding year’s annual meeting (which date shall, for purposes of the Corporation’s first annual meeting of stockholders in the year of the closing of the business combination contemplated by that certain Transaction Agreement, dated as of August 24, 2022 by and among the Corporation, GSR II Meteora Sponsor LLC, BT Assets, Inc., and Lux Vending, LLC (the “Business Combination”), be deemed to have occurred on June 30 of such year); provided, however, that in the event that the date of the annual meeting is advanced by more than thirty (30) days, or delayed by more than seventy (70) days, from the first anniversary of the preceding year’s annual meeting, a stockholder’s notice must be so received not earlier than the

 

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one hundred and twentieth (120th) day prior to such annual meeting and not later than the close of business on the later of (A) the ninetieth (90th) day prior to such annual meeting and (B) the tenth (10th) day following the day on which notice of the date of such annual meeting was mailed or public disclosure of the date of such annual meeting was made, whichever first occurs; or (ii) in the case of an election of directors at a special meeting of stockholders (as may be permitted in accordance with the Certificate of Incorporation), not earlier than the one hundred and twentieth (120th) day prior to such special meeting and not later than the close of business on the later of (x) the ninetieth (90th) day prior to such special meeting and (y) the tenth (10th) day following the day on which notice of the date of such special meeting was mailed or public disclosure of the date of such special meeting was made, whichever first occurs. In no event shall the adjournment, recess or postponement of a meeting (or the public disclosure thereof) commence a new time period (or extend any time period) for the giving of a stockholder’s notice. Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, in the event that the number of directors to be elected to the Board at the annual meeting is increased effective after the time period for which nominations would otherwise be due under this Section 2.13(b) and there is no public announcement by the Corporation naming the nominees for the additional directorships at least one hundred (100) days prior to the first anniversary of the preceding year’s annual meeting, a stockholder’s notice required by this Section 2.13(b) shall also be considered timely, but only with respect to nominees for the additional directorships, if it shall be delivered to the Secretary at the principal executive offices of the Corporation not later than the close of business on the tenth (10th) day following the day on which such public announcement is first made by the Corporation.

The stockholder’s notice to the Secretary shall set forth: (A) as to each proposed nominee (1) such person’s name, age, business address and, if known, residence address, (2) such person’s principal occupation or employment, (3) the class and series and number of shares of stock of the Corporation that are, directly or indirectly, owned, beneficially or of record, by such person, (4) a description of all direct and indirect compensation and other material monetary agreements, arrangements and understandings during the past three years, and any other material relationships, between or among (x) the stockholder, the beneficial owner, if any, on whose behalf the nomination is being made and the respective affiliates and associates of, or others acting in concert with, such stockholder and such beneficial owner, on the one hand, and (y) each proposed nominee, and his or her respective affiliates and associates, or others acting in concert with such nominee(s), on the other hand, including all information that would be required to be disclosed pursuant to Item 404 of Regulation S-K under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, if the stockholder making the nomination and any beneficial owner on whose behalf the nomination is made or any affiliate or associate thereof or person acting in concert therewith were the “registrant” for purposes of such Item and the proposed nominee were a director or executive officer of such registrant, (5) a description of any agreement, arrangement or understanding (including any derivative or short positions, swaps, profit interests, options, warrants, convertible securities, stock appreciation or similar rights, hedging transactions, and borrowed or loaned shares) that has been entered into by, or on behalf of, such proposed nominee, the effect or intent of which is to mitigate loss to, manage risk or benefit of share price changes for, or increase or decrease the voting power of, such proposed nominee with respect to shares of stock of the Corporation, and (6) any other information concerning such person that must be disclosed as to nominees in proxy solicitations pursuant to Regulation 14A under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”)

 

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(including such proposed nominee’s written consent to being named in the Corporation’s proxy statement as a nominee of the stockholder giving the notice and the beneficial owner, if any, on whose behalf the nomination is being made and to serving as a director if elected); and (B) as to the stockholder giving the notice and the beneficial owner, if any, on whose behalf the nomination is being made (1) the name and address of such stockholder, as they appear on the Corporation’s books, of such beneficial owner, and any Stockholder Associated Person (as defined below), (2) the class and series and number of shares of stock of the Corporation that are, directly or indirectly, owned, beneficially or of record, by such stockholder, such beneficial owner and any Stockholder Associated Person, (3) a description of any agreement, arrangement or understanding between or among such stockholder, such beneficial owner and/or any Stockholder Associated Person and each proposed nominee and any other person or persons (including their names) pursuant to which the nomination(s) are being made or who may participate in the solicitation of proxies in favor of electing such nominee(s), (4) a description of any agreement, arrangement or understanding (including any derivative or short positions, swaps, profit interests, options, warrants, convertible securities, stock appreciation or similar rights, hedging transactions, and borrowed or loaned shares) that has been entered into by, or on behalf of, such stockholder, such beneficial owner or any Stockholder Associated Person, the effect or intent of which is to mitigate loss to, manage risk or benefit of share price changes for, or increase or decrease the voting power of, such stockholder, such beneficial owner or any Stockholder Associated Person with respect to shares of stock of the Corporation, (5) any other information relating to such stockholder, such beneficial owner and any Stockholder Associated Person that would be required to be disclosed in a proxy statement or other filings required to be made in connection with solicitations of proxies for the election of directors in a contested election pursuant to Section 14 of the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder, (6) a representation that such stockholder intends to appear in person or by proxy at the meeting to nominate the person(s) named in its notice and (7) a representation whether such stockholder, such beneficial owner and/or such Stockholder Associated Person intends or is part of a group which intends (x) to deliver a proxy statement and/or form of proxy to holders of at least the percentage of the Corporation’s outstanding capital stock reasonably believed by such stockholder, such beneficial owner or such Stockholder Associated Person to be sufficient to elect the nominee and/or (y) otherwise to solicit proxies or votes from stockholders in support of such nomination. Such information provided and statements made as required by clauses (A) and (B) above or otherwise by this Section 2.13 are hereinafter referred to as a “Nominee Solicitation Statement.” Not later than ten (10) days after the record date for determining stockholders entitled to notice of the meeting, the information required by Items (A)(1)-(5) and (B)(1)-(5) of the prior sentence shall be supplemented by the stockholder giving the notice to provide updated information as of such record date. In addition, to be effective, the stockholder’s notice must be accompanied by the written consent of the proposed nominee to serve as a director if elected and a written statement executed by the proposed nominee acknowledging that as a director of the Corporation, the nominee will owe a fiduciary duty under Delaware law with respect to the Corporation and its stockholders. The Corporation may require any proposed nominee to furnish such other information as the Corporation may reasonably require to determine the eligibility of such proposed nominee to serve as a director of the Corporation or whether such nominee would be independent under applicable Securities and Exchange Commission and stock exchange rules and the Corporation’s publicly disclosed corporate governance guidelines. A stockholder shall not have complied with this Section 2.13(b) if the stockholder (or beneficial

 

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owner, if any, on whose behalf the nomination is made) solicits or does not solicit, as the case may be, proxies or votes in support of such stockholder’s nominee in contravention of the representations with respect thereto required by this Section 2.13. For purposes of these Bylaws, a “Stockholder Associated Person” of any stockholder shall mean (i) any person controlling, directly or indirectly, or acting in concert with, such stockholder, (ii) any beneficial owner of shares of stock of the corporation owned of record or beneficially by such stockholder and on whose behalf the proposal or nomination, as the case may be, is being made, or (iii) any person controlling, controlled by or under common control with such person referred to in the preceding clauses (i) and (ii).

(c) Without exception, no person shall be eligible for election or re-election as a director of the Corporation at a meeting of stockholders unless nominated in accordance with the provisions set forth in this Section 2.13. In addition, a nominee shall not be eligible for election or re-election if a stockholder, beneficial owner or Stockholder Associated Person, as applicable, takes action contrary to the representations made in the Nominee Solicitation Statement applicable to such nominee or if the Nominee Solicitation Statement applicable to such nominee contains an untrue statement of a material fact or omits to state a material fact necessary to make the statements therein not misleading. In no event may a stockholder provide notice under this Section 2.13 or otherwise with respect to a greater number of director candidates than are subject to election by stockholders at the applicable meeting. The chairman of any meeting shall have the power and duty to determine whether a nomination was made in accordance with the provisions of this Section 2.13 (including the previous sentence of this Section 2.13(c)), and if the chairman should determine that a nomination was not made in accordance with the provisions of this Section 2.13, the chairman shall so declare to the meeting and such nomination shall not be brought before the meeting.

(d) Except as otherwise required by law, nothing in this Section 2.13 shall obligate the Corporation or the Board to include in any proxy statement or other stockholder communication distributed on behalf of the Corporation or the Board information with respect to any nominee for director submitted by a stockholder.

(e) Notwithstanding the foregoing provisions of this Section 2.13, unless otherwise required by law, if the stockholder (or a qualified representative of the stockholder) does not appear at the meeting to present a nomination, such nomination shall not be brought before the meeting, notwithstanding that proxies in respect of such nominee may have been received by the Corporation. For purposes of this Section 2.13, to be considered a “qualified representative of the stockholder”, a person must be authorized by a written instrument executed by such stockholder or an electronic transmission delivered by such stockholder to act for such stockholder as proxy at the meeting of stockholders and such person must produce such written instrument or electronic transmission, or a reliable reproduction of the written instrument or electronic transmission, at the meeting of stockholders.

(f) For purposes of this Section 2.13, “public disclosure” shall include disclosure in a press release reported by the Dow Jones News Service, Associated Press or comparable national news service or in a document publicly filed by the Corporation with the Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to Section 13, 14 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act.

 

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(g) Notwithstanding the foregoing provisions of this Section 2.13, a stockholder shall also comply with all applicable requirements of the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder with respect to the matters set forth in this Section 2.13; provided, however, that any references in these Bylaws to the Exchange Act or the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder are not intended to and shall not limit any requirements applicable to nominations to be considered pursuant to this Section 2.13 (including paragraph (a)(ii) hereof), and compliance with paragraph (a)(ii) of this Section 2.13 shall be the exclusive means for a stockholder to make nominations. Nothing in this Section 2.13 shall be deemed to affect any rights of the holders of any series of Preferred Stock to elect directors pursuant to any applicable provisions of the Certificate of Incorporation.

2.14 Notice of Business at Annual Meetings.

(a) At any annual meeting of the stockholders, only such business shall be conducted as shall have been properly brought before the meeting. To be properly brought before an annual meeting, business must be (i) specified in the notice of meeting (or any supplement thereto) given by or at the direction of the Board, (ii) otherwise properly brought before the meeting by or at the direction of the Board (or any committee thereof), or (iii) properly brought before the annual meeting by a stockholder. For business to be properly brought before an annual meeting by a stockholder, (A) if such business relates to the nomination of a person for election as a director of the Corporation, the procedures in Section 2.13 must be complied with and (B) if such business relates to any other matter, the business must constitute a proper matter under Delaware law for stockholder action and the stockholder must (x) have given timely notice thereof in writing to the Secretary in accordance with the procedures in Section 2.14(b), (y) be a stockholder of record on the date of the giving of such notice and on the record date for the determination of stockholders entitled to vote at such annual meeting and (z) be entitled to vote at such annual meeting on such business.

(b) To be timely, a stockholder’s notice must be received in writing by the Secretary at the principal executive offices of the Corporation not less than ninety (90) days nor more than one hundred and twenty (120) days prior to the first anniversary of the preceding year’s annual meeting; (which date shall, for purposes of the Corporation’s first annual meeting of stockholders in the year of the closing of the Business Combination, be deemed to have occurred on June 30 of such year); provided, however, that in the event that the date of the annual meeting in any other year is advanced by more than thirty (30) days, or delayed by more than seventy (70) days, from the first anniversary of the preceding year’s annual meeting, a stockholder’s notice must be so received not earlier than the one hundred and twentieth (120th) day prior to such annual meeting and not later than the close of business on the later of (i) the ninetieth (90th) day prior to such annual meeting and (ii) the tenth (10th) day following the day on which notice of the date of such annual meeting was mailed or public disclosure of the date of such annual meeting was made, whichever first occurs. In no event shall the adjournment, recess or postponement of an annual meeting (or the public disclosure thereof) commence a new time period (or extend any time period) for the giving of a stockholder’s notice.

 

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The stockholder’s notice to the Secretary shall set forth: (A) as to each matter the stockholder proposes to bring before the annual meeting (1) a brief description of the business desired to be brought before the annual meeting, (2) the text of the proposal (including the exact text of any resolutions proposed for consideration and, in the event that such business includes a proposal to amend these Bylaws, the exact text of the proposed amendment), and (3) the reasons for conducting such business at the annual meeting, and (B) as to the stockholder giving the notice and the beneficial owner, if any, on whose behalf the proposal is being made (1) the name and address of such stockholder, as they appear on the Corporation’s books, of such beneficial owner and of any Stockholder Associated Person, (2) the class and series and number of shares of stock of the Corporation that are, directly or indirectly, owned, beneficially or of record, by such stockholder, such beneficial owner and any Stockholder Associated Person, (3) a description of any material interest of such stockholder, such beneficial owner or any Stockholder Associated Person and the respective affiliates and associates of, or others acting in concert with, such stockholder, such beneficial owner or any Stockholder Associated Person in such business, (4) a description of any agreement, arrangement or understanding between or among such stockholder, such beneficial owner and/or any Stockholder Associated Person and any other person or persons (including their names) in connection with the proposal of such business or who may participate in the solicitation of proxies in favor of such proposal, (5) a description of any agreement, arrangement or understanding (including any derivative or short positions, swaps, profit interests, options, warrants, convertible securities, stock appreciation or similar rights, hedging transactions, and borrowed or loaned shares) that has been entered into by, or on behalf of, such stockholder, such beneficial owner or any Stockholder Associated Person, the effect or intent of which is to mitigate loss to, manage risk or benefit of share price changes for, or increase or decrease the voting power of, such stockholder, such beneficial owner or any Stockholder Associated Person with respect to shares of stock of the Corporation, (6) any other information relating to such stockholder, such beneficial owner and any Stockholder Associated Person that would be required to be disclosed in a proxy statement or other filings required to be made in connection with solicitations of proxies for the business proposed pursuant to Section 14 of the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder, (7) a representation that such stockholder intends to appear in person or by proxy at the annual meeting to bring such business before the meeting and (8) a representation whether such stockholder, such beneficial owner and/or any Stockholder Associated Person intends or is part of a group which intends (x) to deliver a proxy statement and/or form of proxy to holders of at least the percentage of the Corporation’s outstanding capital stock required to approve or adopt the proposal and/or (y) otherwise to solicit proxies or votes from stockholders in support of such proposal. Such information provided and statements made as required by clauses (A) and (B) above or otherwise by this Section 2.14 are hereinafter referred to as a “Business Solicitation Statement.” Not later than ten (10) days after the record date for determining stockholders entitled to notice of the meeting, the information required by Items (A)(3) and (B)(1)-(6) of the prior sentence shall be supplemented by the stockholder giving the notice to provide updated information as of such record date. Notwithstanding anything in these Bylaws to the contrary, no business shall be conducted at any annual meeting of stockholders except in accordance with the procedures in this Section 2.14. A stockholder shall not have complied with this Section 2.14 if the stockholder (or beneficial owner, if any, on whose behalf the proposal is made) solicits or does not solicit, as the case may be, proxies or votes in support of such stockholder’s proposal in contravention of the representations with respect thereto required by this Section 2.14.

 

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(c) Without exception, no business shall be conducted at any annual meeting except in accordance with the provisions set forth in this Section 2.14. In addition, business proposed to be brought by a stockholder may not be brought before the annual meeting if such stockholder or a Stockholder Associated Person, as applicable, takes action contrary to the representations made in the Business Solicitation Statement applicable to such business or if the Business Solicitation Statement applicable to such business contains an untrue statement of a material fact or omits to state a material fact necessary to make the statements therein not misleading. The chairman of any annual meeting shall have the power and duty to determine whether business was properly brought before the annual meeting in accordance with the provisions of this Section 2.14 (including the previous sentence of this Section 2.14(c)), and if the chairman should determine that business was not properly brought before the annual meeting in accordance with the provisions of this Section 2.14, the chairman shall so declare to the meeting and such business shall not be brought before the annual meeting.

(d) Except as otherwise required by law, nothing in this Section 2.14 shall obligate the Corporation or the Board to include in any proxy statement or other stockholder communication distributed on behalf of the Corporation or the Board information with respect to any proposal submitted by a stockholder.

(e) Notwithstanding the foregoing provisions of this Section 2.14, unless otherwise required by law, if the stockholder (or a qualified representative of the stockholder) does not appear at the annual meeting to present business, such business shall not be considered, notwithstanding that proxies in respect of such business may have been received by the Corporation.

(f) For purposes of this Section 2.14, the terms “qualified representative of the stockholder” and “public disclosure” shall have the same meaning as in Section 2.13.

(g) Notwithstanding the foregoing provisions of this Section 2.14, a stockholder shall also comply with all applicable requirements of the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder with respect to the matters set forth in this Section 2.14; provided, however, that any references in these Bylaws to the Exchange Act or the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder are not intended to and shall not limit any requirements applicable to proposals as to any business to be considered pursuant to this Section 2.14 (including paragraph (a)(iii) hereof), and compliance with paragraph (a)(iii) of this Section 2.14 shall be the exclusive means for a stockholder to submit business. Nothing in this Section 2.14 shall be deemed to affect any rights of stockholders to request inclusion of proposals in the Corporation’s proxy statement pursuant to applicable rules and regulations promulgated under the Exchange Act.

2.15 Conduct of Meetings.

(a) Meetings of stockholders shall be presided over by the Chairman of the Board, if any, or in the Chairman’s absence by the Vice Chairman of the Board, if any, or in the Vice Chairman’s absence by the Chief Executive Officer, or in the Chief Executive Officer’s absence, by the President, or in the President’s absence by a Vice President, or in the absence of all of the foregoing persons by a chairman designated by the Board. The Secretary shall act as secretary of the meeting, but in the Secretary’s absence, the chairman of the meeting may appoint any person to act as secretary of the meeting.

 

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(b) The Board may adopt by resolution such rules, regulations and procedures for the conduct of any meeting of stockholders of the Corporation as it shall deem appropriate including, without limitation, such guidelines and procedures as it may deem appropriate regarding the participation by means of remote communication of stockholders and proxyholders not physically present at a meeting. Except to the extent inconsistent with such rules, regulations and procedures as adopted by the Board, the chairman of any meeting of stockholders shall have the right and authority to convene and (for any or no reason) to recess and/or adjourn the meeting, to prescribe such rules, regulations and procedures and to do all such acts as, in the judgment of such chairman, are appropriate for the proper conduct of the meeting. Such rules, regulations or procedures, whether adopted by the Board or prescribed by the chairman of the meeting, may include, without limitation, the following: (i) the establishment of an agenda or order of business for the meeting; (ii) rules and procedures for maintaining order at the meeting and the safety of those present; (iii) limitations on attendance at or participation in the meeting to stockholders of record of the Corporation, their duly authorized and constituted proxies or such other persons as shall be determined; (iv) restrictions on entry to the meeting after the time fixed for the commencement thereof; and (v) limitations on the time allotted to questions or comments by participants. Unless and to the extent determined by the Board or the chairman of the meeting, meetings of stockholders shall not be required to be held in accordance with the rules of parliamentary procedure.

(c) The chairman of the meeting shall announce at the meeting when the polls for each matter to be voted upon at the meeting will be opened and closed. After the polls close, no ballots, proxies or votes or any revocations or changes thereto may be accepted.

Article III

Directors

3.1 General Powers. The business and affairs of the Corporation shall be managed by or under the direction of a Board, who may exercise all of the powers of the Corporation except as otherwise provided by law or the Certificate of Incorporation.

3.2 Number, Election and Qualification. Subject to the rights of holders of any series of Preferred Stock to elect directors, the number of directors of the Corporation shall be fixed solely and exclusively by resolution duly adopted from time to time by the Board and shall initially be seven (7). Election of directors need not be by written ballot. Directors need not be stockholders of the Corporation. As a condition to any such nomination properly brought before an annual meeting, the Corporation may require any stockholder or any proposed nominee to deliver to the Secretary of the Corporation, within five (5) business days of any such request, such other information as may reasonably be requested by the Corporation, including such other information as may be reasonably required by the Board, in its sole discretion, to determine (i) the eligibility of such proposed nominee to serve as a director of the Corporation, (ii) whether such nominee qualifies as an “independent director” or “audit committee financial expert” under applicable law, securities exchange rule or regulation, or any publicly disclosed corporate governance guideline or committee charter of the Corporation and (iii) such other information that the Board determines, in its sole discretion, could be material to a reasonable stockholder’s understanding of the independence or lack thereof.

 

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3.3 Chairman of the Board; Vice Chairman of the Board. Subject to the requirements contained in the Certificate of Incorporation, the Board may appoint from its members a Chairman of the Board and a Vice Chairman of the Board, neither of whom need be an employee or officer of the Corporation. If the Board appoints a Chairman of the Board, such Chairman shall perform such duties and possess such powers as are provided by these Bylaws and as are assigned by the Board and, if the Chairman of the Board is also designated as the Corporation’s Chief Executive Officer, shall have the powers and duties of the Chief Executive Officer prescribed in Section 4.7 of these Bylaws. If the Board appoints a Vice Chairman of the Board, such Vice Chairman shall perform such duties and possess such powers as are provided by these Bylaws and as are assigned by the Board. Unless otherwise provided by the Board, the Chairman of the Board or, in the Chairman’s absence, the Vice Chairman of the Board, if any, shall preside at all meetings of the Board.

3.4 Quorum. A majority of the total number of authorized directors shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business. If at any meeting of the Board there shall be less than a quorum, a majority of the directors present may adjourn the meeting from time to time without further notice other than announcement at the meeting, until a quorum shall be present.

3.5 Action at Meeting. Every act or decision done or made by a majority of the directors present at a meeting duly held at which a quorum is present shall be regarded as the act of the Board, unless a greater number is required by law or by the Certificate of Incorporation or these Bylaws.

3.6 Removal. Subject to the rights of holders of any series of Preferred Stock, directors of the Corporation may be removed only as expressly provided in the Certificate of Incorporation.

3.7 Vacancies. Subject to the rights of holders of any series of Preferred Stock, any newly created directorship that results from an increase in the number of directors or any vacancy on the Board that results from the death, disability, resignation, disqualification or removal of any director or from any other cause shall be filled solely by the affirmative vote of a majority of the total number of directors then in office, even if less than a quorum, or by a sole remaining director and shall not be filled by the stockholders. Any director elected to fill a vacancy not resulting from an increase in the number of directors shall hold office for the remaining term of his or her predecessor.

3.8 Resignation. Any director may resign at any time upon notice to the Corporation given in writing (including by electronic transmission). Such resignation shall be effective upon delivery unless it is specified to be effective at some later time or upon the happening of some later event.

 

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3.9 Regular Meetings. Regular meetings of the Board may be held without notice at such time and place as shall be determined from time to time by the Board; provided that any director who is absent when such a determination is made shall be given notice of the determination. A regular meeting of the Board may be held without notice immediately after and at the same place as the annual meeting of stockholders.

3.10 Special Meetings. Special meetings of the Board may be held at any time and place designated in a call by the Chairman of the Board, the Chief Executive Officer, the President, two or more directors, or by one director in the event that there is only a single director in office.

3.11 Notice of Special Meetings. Notice of the date, place and time of any special meeting of the Board shall be given to each director by the Chairman of the Board, the Chief Executive Officer, the Secretary or by the officer or one of the directors calling the meeting. Notice shall be duly given to each director (a) in person or by telephone at least twenty-four (24) hours in advance of the meeting, (b) by sending written notice by reputable overnight courier, telecopy, facsimile or other means of electronic transmission, or delivering written notice by hand, to such director’s last known business, home or means of electronic transmission address at least twenty-four (24) hours in advance of the meeting, or (c) by sending written notice by first-class mail to such director’s last known business or home address at least seventy-two (72) hours in advance of the meeting. A notice or waiver of notice of a meeting of the Board need not specify the purposes of the meeting.

3.12 Meetings by Conference Communications Equipment. Directors may participate in meetings of the Board or any committee thereof by means of conference telephone or other communications equipment by means of which all persons participating in the meeting can hear each other, and participation by such means shall constitute presence in person at such meeting.

3.13 Action by Consent. Any action required or permitted to be taken at any meeting of the Board or of any committee thereof may be taken without a meeting, if all members of the Board or committee, as the case may be, consent to the action in writing (including by electronic transmission). After an action is taken, the consent or consents relating thereto shall be filed with the minutes of proceedings of the Board or committee thereof in the same paper or electronic form as the minutes are maintained.

3.14 Committees. The Board may designate one or more committees, including but not limited to an Audit Committee, a Compensation Committee and a Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee, each committee to consist of one or more of the directors of the Corporation with such lawfully delegable powers and duties as the Board thereby confers, to serve at the pleasure of the Board. The Board may designate one or more directors as alternate members of any committee, who may replace any absent or disqualified member at any meeting of the committee. In the absence or disqualification of a member of a committee, the member or members of the committee present at any meeting and not disqualified from voting, whether or not such member or members constitute a quorum, may unanimously appoint another member of the Board to act at the meeting in the place of any such absent or disqualified member. Any such committee, to the extent provided in the resolution of the Board and subject to the provisions of law, shall have and may exercise all the powers and authority of the Board in the management of the business and affairs of the Corporation and may authorize the seal of the Corporation to be

 

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affixed to all papers which may require it; but no such committee shall have the power or authority to (i) approve or adopt, or recommend to the stockholders, any action or matter (other than the election or removal of directors) expressly required by the DGCL to be submitted to stockholders for approval, or (ii) adopt, amend or repeal any bylaw of the Corporation. Each such committee shall keep minutes and make such reports as the Board may from time to time request. Except as the Board may otherwise determine, any committee may make rules for the conduct of its business, but unless otherwise provided by the directors or in such rules, its business shall be conducted as nearly as possible in the same manner as is provided in these Bylaws for the Board. Unless otherwise provided in such a resolution, the presence of at least a majority of the members of the committee shall be necessary to constitute a quorum unless the committee shall consist of one or two members, in which event one member shall constitute a quorum; and all matters shall be determined by a majority vote of the members present at a meeting of the committee at which a quorum is present. Except as otherwise provided in the Certificate of Incorporation, these Bylaws or the resolution of the Board designating the committee, a committee may create one or more subcommittees, each subcommittee to consist of one or more members of the committee, and delegate to a subcommittee any or all of the powers and authority of the committee.

3.15 Compensation of Directors. Directors may be paid such compensation for their services and such reimbursement for expenses of attendance at meetings as the Board may from time to time determine. No such payment shall preclude any director from serving the Corporation or any of its parent or subsidiary entities in any other capacity and receiving compensation for such service.

Article IV

Officers

4.1 Titles. The “Executive Officers” of the Corporation shall be such persons as are designated as such by the Board and may include, but not be limited to, a Chief Executive Officer, a President, a Chief Financial Officer and a Secretary. Additional Executive Officers may be appointed by the Board from time to time. In addition to the Executive Officers of the Corporation described above, there may also be such “Non-Executive Officers” of the Corporation as may be designated and appointed from time to time by the Board or the Chief Executive Officer of the Corporation in accordance with the provisions of Section 4.2 of these Bylaws. In addition, the Secretary and Assistant Secretaries of the Corporation may be appointed by the Board from time to time.

4.2 Appointment. The Executive Officers of the Corporation shall be chosen by the Board. Non-Executive Officers of the Corporation shall be chosen by the Board or the Chief Executive Officer of the Corporation. The Board may also delegate to any officer of the Corporation elected by the Board the power to appoint and remove any such other officers and to prescribe their respective terms of office, authorities and duties.

4.3 Qualification. No officer need be a stockholder. Any two or more offices may be held by the same person.

 

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4.4 Tenure. Except as otherwise provided by law, by the Certificate of Incorporation or by these Bylaws, each officer shall hold office until such officer’s successor is duly elected and qualified, unless a different term is specified in the resolution electing or appointing such officer, or until such officer’s earlier death, resignation, disqualification or removal.

4.5 Removal; Resignation. Subject to the rights, if any, of an Executive Officer under any contract of employment, any Executive Officer may be removed, either with or without cause, at any time by the Board at any regular or special meeting of the Board. Any Non-Executive Officer may be removed, either with or without cause, at any time by the Chief Executive Officer of the Corporation or by the Executive Officer to whom such Non-Executive Officer reports. Any officer may resign by delivering a resignation in writing (including by electronic transmission) to the Chief Executive Officer, or if no Chief Executive Officer is then serving or in the case of the resignation of the Chief Executive Officer, to the President. Such resignation shall be effective upon receipt unless it is specified to be effective at some later time or upon the happening of some later event.

4.6 Vacancies. The Board may fill any vacancy occurring in any office for any reason and may, in its discretion, leave unfilled, for such period as it may determine, any offices.

4.7 President; Chief Executive Officer. Unless the Board has designated another person as the Corporation’s Chief Executive Officer, the President shall be the Chief Executive Officer of the Corporation. The Chief Executive Officer shall have general charge and supervision of the business of the Corporation subject to the direction of the Board, and shall perform all duties and have all powers that are commonly incident to the office of chief executive or that are delegated to such officer by the Board. The President shall perform such other duties and shall have such other powers as the Board or the Chief Executive Officer (if the President is not the Chief Executive Officer) may from time to time prescribe.

4.8 Chief Financial Officer. The Chief Financial Officer shall perform such duties and shall have such powers as may from time to time be assigned by the Board or the Chief Executive Officer. In addition, the Chief Financial Officer shall perform such duties and have such powers as are incident to the office, including without limitation the duty and power to keep and be responsible for all funds and securities of the Corporation, to deposit funds of the Corporation in depositories selected in accordance with these Bylaws, to disburse such funds as ordered by the Board, to make proper accounts of such funds, and to render as required by the Board statements of all such transactions and of the financial condition of the Corporation.

4.9 Vice Presidents. Each Vice President shall perform such duties and possess such powers as the Board or the Chief Executive Officer may from time to time prescribe. The Board or the Chief Executive Officer may assign to any Vice President the title of Executive Vice President, Senior Vice President or any other title.

4.10 Secretary and Assistant Secretaries. The Secretary shall perform such duties and shall have such powers as the Board or the Chief Executive Officer may from time to time prescribe. In addition, the Secretary shall perform such duties and have such powers as are incident to the office of the secretary, including without limitation the duty and power to give notices of all

 

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meetings of stockholders and special meetings of the Board, to attend all meetings of stockholders and the Board and keep a record of the proceedings, to maintain a stock ledger and prepare lists of stockholders and their addresses as required, to be custodian of corporate records and the corporate seal and to affix and attest to the same on documents.

Any Assistant Secretary shall perform such duties and possess such powers as the Board, the Chief Executive Officer or the Secretary may from time to time prescribe.

In the absence of the Secretary or any Assistant Secretary at any meeting of stockholders or directors, the chairman of the meeting shall designate a temporary secretary to keep a record of the meeting.

4.11 Salaries. Executive Officers of the Corporation shall be entitled to such salaries, compensation or reimbursement as shall be fixed or allowed from time to time by the Board or a committee thereof.

4.12 Delegation of Authority. The Board may from time to time delegate the powers or duties of any officer to any other officer or agent, notwithstanding any provision hereof.

4.13 Execution of Contracts. Each Executive Officer and Non-Executive Officer of the Corporation may execute, affix the corporate seal and/or deliver, in the name and on behalf of the Corporation, deeds, mortgages, notes, bonds, contracts, agreements, powers of attorney, guarantees, settlements, releases, evidences of indebtedness, conveyances or any other document or instrument which (i) is authorized by the Board or (ii) is executed in accordance with policies adopted by the Board from time to time, except in each case where the execution, affixation of the corporate seal and/or delivery thereof shall be expressly and exclusively delegated by the Board to some other officer or agent of the Corporation.

Article V

Capital Stock

5.1 Issuance of Stock. Subject to the provisions of the Certificate of Incorporation, the whole or any part of any unissued balance of the authorized capital stock of the Corporation or the whole or any part of any shares of the authorized capital stock of the Corporation held in the Corporation’s treasury may be issued, sold, transferred or otherwise disposed of by vote of the Board in such manner, for such lawful consideration and on such terms as the Board may determine.

5.2 Uncertificated Shares; Stock Certificates. The shares of the Corporation may be certificated or uncertificated, subject to the sole discretion of the Board and the requirements of the DGCL. Any such resolution shall not apply to shares represented by a certificate until such certificate is surrendered to the Corporation. Each such certificate shall be signed in a manner that complies with Section 158 of the DGCL by the Corporation’s President, Chief Executive Officer or Secretary. Such signatures may be facsimile. In case any officer, transfer agent or registrar who has signed or whose facsimile signature has been placed on such certificate shall have ceased to be such officer, transfer agent or registrar before such certificate is issued, it may be issued by

 

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the Corporation with the same effect as if he, she or it were such officer, transfer agent or registrar at the time of its issue. Every certificate for shares of stock which are subject to any restriction on transfer and every certificate issued when the Corporation is authorized to issue more than one class or series of stock shall contain such legend with respect thereto as is required by law.

5.3 Transfers. Shares of stock of the Corporation shall be transferable in the manner prescribed by law, the Certificate of Incorporation and in these Bylaws. Transfers of shares of stock of the Corporation shall be made only on the books of the Corporation or by transfer agents designated to transfer shares of stock of the Corporation. Subject to applicable law, shares of stock represented by certificates shall be transferred only on the books of the Corporation by the surrender to the Corporation or its transfer agent of the certificate representing such shares properly endorsed or accompanied by a written assignment or power of attorney properly executed, and with such proof of authority or the authenticity of signature as the Corporation or its transfer agent may reasonably require. Except as may be otherwise required by law, the Corporation shall be entitled to treat the record holder of stock as shown on its books as the owner of such stock for all purposes, including the payment of dividends and the right to vote with respect to such stock, regardless of any transfer, pledge or other disposition of such stock until the shares have been transferred on the books of the Corporation in accordance with the requirements of these Bylaws.

5.4 Lost, Stolen or Destroyed Certificates. The Corporation may issue a new certificate or uncertificated shares in place of any previously issued certificate alleged to have been lost, stolen or destroyed, upon such terms and conditions as the Board may prescribe, including the presentation of reasonable evidence of such loss, theft or destruction and the giving of such indemnity and posting of such bond as the Board may require for the protection of the Corporation or any transfer agent or registrar.

5.5 Record Date. In order that the Corporation may determine the stockholders entitled to notice of any meeting of stockholders or any adjournment thereof, the Board may fix a record date, which record date shall not precede the date upon which the resolution fixing the record date is adopted by the Board, and which record date shall, unless otherwise required by law, not be more than sixty (60) nor less than ten (10) days before the date of such meeting. If the Board so fixes a date, such date shall also be the record date for determining the stockholders entitled to vote at such meeting unless the Board determines, at the time it fixes such record date, that a later date on or before the date of the meeting shall be the date for making such determination. If no record date is fixed by the Board, the record date for determining stockholders entitled to notice of or to vote at a meeting of stockholders shall be at the close of business on the day next preceding the day on which notice is given, or, if notice is waived, at the close of business on the day next preceding the day on which the meeting is held. A determination of stockholders of record entitled to notice of or to vote at a meeting of stockholders shall apply to any adjournment of the meeting; provided, however, that the Board may fix a new record date for determination of stockholders entitled to vote at the adjourned meeting, and in such case shall also fix as the record date for stockholders entitled to notice of such adjourned meeting the same or an earlier date as that fixed for determination of stockholders entitled to vote in accordance herewith at the adjourned meeting.

 

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In order that the Corporation may determine the stockholders entitled to receive payment of any dividend or other distribution or allotment of any rights, or entitled to exercise any rights in respect of any change, conversion or exchange of stock or for the purpose of any other lawful action, the Board may fix a record date, which shall not be more than sixty (60) days prior to such action. If no such record date is fixed, the record date for determining stockholders for any such purpose shall be at the close of business on the day on which the Board adopts the resolution relating thereto.

5.6 Regulations. The issue and registration of shares of stock of the Corporation shall be governed by such other regulations as the Board may establish.

5.7 Dividends. Dividends on the capital stock of the Corporation, subject to the provisions of the Certificate of Incorporation, if any, may be declared by the Board, pursuant to law, and may be paid in cash, in property or in shares of capital stock.

5.8 Multiple Classes of Stock. If the Corporation shall be authorized to issue more than one class of stock or more than one series of any class, the Corporation shall (a) cause the powers, designations, preferences and relative, participating, optional or other special rights of each class of stock or series thereof and the qualifications, limitations or restrictions of such preferences and/or rights to be set forth in full or summarized on the face or back of any certificate that the Corporation issues to represent shares of such class or series of stock or (b) in the case of uncertificated shares, within a reasonable time after the issuance or transfer of such shares, send to the registered owner thereof a written notice containing the information required to be set forth on certificates as specified in clause (a) above; provided, however, that, except as otherwise provided by applicable law, in lieu of the foregoing requirements, there may be set forth on the face or back of such certificate or, in the case of uncertificated shares, on such written notice a statement that the Corporation will furnish without charge to each stockholder who so requests the powers, designations, preferences and relative, participating, optional or other special rights of each class of stock or series thereof and the qualifications, limitations or restrictions of such preferences or rights.

Article VI

General Provisions

6.1 Fiscal Year. Except as from time to time otherwise designated by the Board, the fiscal year of the Corporation shall begin on the first day of January of each year and end on the last day of December in each year.

6.2 Corporate Seal. The corporate seal shall be in such form as shall be approved by the Board.

6.3 Waiver of Notice. Whenever notice is required to be given by law, by the Certificate of Incorporation or by these Bylaws, a written waiver signed by the person entitled to notice, or a waiver by electronic transmission by the person entitled to notice, whether before, at or after the time of the event for which notice is to be given, shall be deemed equivalent to notice required to be given to such person. Neither the business nor the purpose of any meeting need be

 

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specified in any such waiver. Attendance of a person at a meeting shall constitute a waiver of notice of such meeting, except when the person attends a meeting for the express purpose of objecting at the beginning of the meeting, to the transaction of any business because the meeting is not lawfully called or convened.

6.4 Voting of Securities. Except as the Board may otherwise designate, the Chief Executive Officer, the President or the Chief Financial Officer may waive notice, vote, consent, or appoint any person or persons to waive notice, vote or consent, on behalf of the Corporation, and act as, or appoint any person or persons to act as, proxy or attorney-in-fact for this Corporation (with or without power of substitution) with respect to, the securities of any other entity which may be held by this Corporation.

6.5 Evidence of Authority. A certificate by the Secretary, or an Assistant Secretary, or a temporary Secretary, as to any action taken by the stockholders, directors, a committee or any officer or representative of the Corporation shall as to all persons who rely on the certificate in good faith be conclusive evidence of such action.

6.6 Certificate of Incorporation. All references in these Bylaws to the Certificate of Incorporation shall be deemed to refer to the Certificate of Incorporation of the Corporation, as amended and/or restated and in effect from time to time.

6.7 Severability. Any determination that any provision of these Bylaws is for any reason inapplicable, illegal or ineffective shall not affect or invalidate any other provision of these Bylaws.

6.8 Pronouns. All pronouns used in these Bylaws shall be deemed to refer to the masculine, feminine or neuter, singular or plural, as the identity of the person or persons may require.

6.9 Electronic Transmission. For purposes of these Bylaws, “electronic transmission” means any form of communication, not directly involving the physical transmission of paper, including the use of, or participation in, one or more electronic networks or databases (including one or more distributed electronic networks or databases) that creates a record that may be retained, retrieved and reviewed by a recipient thereof, and that may be directly reproduced in paper form by such a recipient through an automated process.

6.10 Meeting Attendance via Remote Communication Equipment. If authorized by the Board in its sole discretion, and subject to such guidelines and procedures as the Board may adopt, stockholders entitled to vote at such meeting and proxy holders not physically present at a meeting of stockholders may, by means of remote communication: (a) participate in a meeting of stockholders; and (b) be deemed present in person and vote at a meeting of stockholders, whether such meeting is to be held at a designated place or solely by means of remote communication, provided that (i) the Corporation shall implement reasonable measures to verify that each person deemed present and permitted to vote at the meeting by means of remote communication is a stockholder or proxy holder, (ii) the Corporation shall implement reasonable measures to provide such stockholders and proxy holders a reasonable opportunity to participate in the meeting and, if

 

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entitled to vote, to vote on matters submitted to the applicable stockholders, including an opportunity to read or hear the proceedings of the meeting substantially concurrently with such proceedings, and (iii) if any stockholder or proxy holder votes or takes other action at the meeting by means of remote communication, a record of such votes or other action shall be maintained by the Corporation. Unless otherwise restricted by applicable law, the Certificate of Incorporation or these Bylaws, members of the Board or any committee thereof may participate in a meeting of the Board or any committee thereof by means of conference telephone or other communications equipment by means of which all persons participating in the meeting can hear each other. Such participation in a meeting shall constitute presence in person at the meeting, except where a person participates in the meeting for the express purpose of objecting to the transaction of any business on the ground that the meeting was not lawfully called or convened.

6.11 Inconsistent Provisions. In the event that any provision of these Bylaws is or becomes inconsistent with any provision of the Certificate of Incorporation, the DGCL or any other applicable law, such provision of these Bylaws shall not be given any effect to the extent of such inconsistency but shall otherwise be given full force and effect.

Article VII

Amendments

These Bylaws may be altered, amended or repealed, in whole or in part, or new Bylaws may be adopted by the Board or by the stockholders as expressly provided in the Certificate of Incorporation.

Article VIII

Indemnification and Advancement

8.1 Power to Indemnify in Actions, Suits or Proceedings other than Those by or in the Right of the Corporation. Subject to Section 8.3, the Corporation shall indemnify, to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, as the same exists or may hereafter be amended, any person who was or is a party or is threatened to be made a party to any threatened, pending or completed action, suit or proceeding, whether civil, criminal, administrative or investigative (other than an action by or in the right of the Corporation) by reason of the fact that such person is or was a director or officer of the Corporation, or, while a director or officer of the Corporation, is or was serving at the request of the Corporation as a director, officer, employee or agent of another Corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust, employee benefit plan or other enterprise, against expenses (including attorneys’ fees), judgments, fines and amounts paid in settlement actually and reasonably incurred by such person in connection with such action, suit or proceeding if such person acted in good faith and in a manner such person reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the Corporation, and, with respect to any criminal action or proceeding, had no reasonable cause to believe such person’s conduct was unlawful. The termination of any action, suit or proceeding by judgment, order, settlement, conviction, or upon a plea or nolo contendere or its equivalent, shall not, of itself, create a presumption that the person did not act in good faith and in a manner which such person reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the Corporation, and, with respect to any criminal action or proceeding, had reasonable cause to believe that such person’s conduct was unlawful.

 

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8.2 Power to Indemnify in Actions, Suits or Proceedings by or in the Right of the Corporation. Subject to Section 8.3, the Corporation shall indemnify, to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law as the same exists or may hereafter be amended, any person who was or is a party or is threatened to be made a party to any threatened, pending or completed action or suit by or in the right of the Corporation to procure a judgment in its favor by reason of the fact that such person is or was a director or officer of the Corporation, or, while a director or officer of the Corporation, is or was serving at the request of the Corporation as a director, officer, employee or agent of another Corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust, employee benefit plan or other enterprise against expenses (including attorneys’ fees) actually and reasonably incurred by such person in connection with the defense or settlement of such action or suit if such person acted in good faith and in a manner such person reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the Corporation; except that no indemnification shall be made in respect of any claim, issue or matter as to which such person shall have been adjudged to be liable to the Corporation unless and only to the extent that the Court of Chancery or the court in which such action or suit was brought shall determine upon application that, despite the adjudication of liability but in view of all the circumstances of the case, such person is fairly and reasonably entitled to indemnity for such expenses which the Court of Chancery or such other court shall deem proper.

8.3 Authorization of Indemnification. Any indemnification under this Article VIII (unless ordered by a court) shall be made by the Corporation only as authorized in the specific case upon a determination that indemnification of the director or officer is proper in the circumstances because such person has met the applicable standard of conduct set forth in Section 8.1 or Section 8.2, as the case may be. Such determination shall be made, with respect to a person who is a director or officer at the time of such determination, (i) by a majority vote of the directors who are not parties to such action, suit or proceeding, even though less than a quorum, or (ii) by a committee of such directors designated by a majority vote of such directors, even though less than a quorum, or (iii) if there are no such directors, or if such directors so direct, by independent legal counsel in a written opinion or (iv) by the stockholders. Such determination shall be made, with respect to former directors and officers, by any person or persons having the authority to act on the matter on behalf of the Corporation. To the extent, however, that a present or former director or officer of the Corporation has been successful on the merits or otherwise in defense of any action, suit or proceeding set forth in Section 8.1 or Section 8.2 or in defense of any claim, issue or matter therein, such person shall be indemnified against expenses (including attorneys’ fees) actually and reasonably incurred by such person in connection therewith, without the necessity of authorization in the specific case.

8.4 Good Faith Defined. For purposes of any determination under Section 8.3, a person shall be deemed to have acted in good faith and in a manner such person reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the Corporation, or, with respect to any criminal action or proceeding, to have had no reasonable cause to believe such person’s conduct was unlawful, if such person’s action is based on good faith reliance on the records or books of account of the Corporation or another enterprise, or on information supplied to such person by the officers of the Corporation or another enterprise in the course of their duties, or on the advice of legal counsel for the Corporation or another enterprise or on information or records given or reports made to the Corporation or another enterprise by an independent certified public accountant or by

 

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an appraiser or other expert selected with reasonable care by the Corporation or another enterprise. The term “another enterprise” as used in this Section 8.4 shall mean any other corporation or any partnership, joint venture, trust, employee benefit plan or other enterprise of which such person is or was serving at the request of the Corporation as a director, officer, employee or agent. The provisions of this Section 8.4 shall not be deemed to be exclusive or to limit in any way the circumstances in which a person may be deemed to have met the applicable standard of conduct set forth in Section 8.1 or Section 8.2, as the case may be.

8.5 Right of Claimant to Bring Suit. Notwithstanding any contrary determination in the specific case under Section 8.3, and notwithstanding the absence of any determination thereunder, if a claim under Section 8.1 or Section 8.2 of this Article VIII is not paid in full by the Corporation within (i) ninety (90) days after a written claim for indemnification has been received by the Corporation, or (ii) thirty (30) days after a written claim for an advancement of expenses has been received by the Corporation, the claimant may at any time thereafter (but not before) bring suit against the Corporation in the Court of Chancery in the State of Delaware to recover the unpaid amount of the claim, together with interest thereon, or to obtain advancement of expenses, as applicable. It shall be a defense to any such action brought to enforce a right to indemnification (but not in an action brought to enforce a right to an advancement of expenses) that the claimant has not met the standards of conduct which make it permissible under the DGCL (or other applicable law) for the Corporation to indemnify the claimant for the amount claimed, but the burden of proving such defense shall be on the Corporation. Neither a contrary determination in the specific case under Section 8.3 nor the absence of any determination thereunder shall be a defense to such application or create a presumption that the claimant has not met any applicable standard of conduct. If successful, in whole or in part, the claimant shall also be entitled to be paid the expense of prosecuting such claim, including reasonable attorneys’ fees incurred in connection therewith, to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law.

8.6 Expenses Payable in Advance. Expenses, including without limitation attorneys’ fees, incurred by a current or former director or officer in defending any civil, criminal, administrative or investigative action, suit or proceeding shall be paid, to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law as the same exists or may hereafter be amended, by the Corporation in advance of the final disposition of such action, suit or proceeding upon receipt of an undertaking by or on behalf of such current or former director or officer to repay such amount if it shall ultimately be determined that such person is not entitled to be indemnified by the Corporation as authorized in this Article VIII.

8.7 Nonexclusivity of Indemnification and Advancement of Expenses. The rights to indemnification and advancement of expenses provided by or granted pursuant to this Article VIII shall not be deemed exclusive of any other rights to which those seeking indemnification or advancement of expenses may be entitled under the Certificate of Incorporation, any agreement, vote of stockholders or disinterested directors or otherwise, both as to action in such person’s official capacity and as to action in another capacity while holding such office, it being the policy of the Corporation that, subject to Section 8.11, indemnification of the persons specified in Section 8.1 and Section 8.2 shall be made to the fullest extent permitted by law. The provisions of this Article VIII shall not be deemed to preclude the indemnification of any person who is not specified in Section 8.1 or Section 8.2 but whom the Corporation has the power or obligation to indemnify under the provisions of the DGCL, or otherwise.

 

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8.8 Insurance. The Corporation may purchase and maintain insurance on behalf of any person who is or was a director, officer, employee or agent of the Corporation, or is or was serving at the request of the Corporation as a director, officer, employee or agent of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust, employee benefit plan or other enterprise against any liability asserted against such person and incurred by such person in any such capacity, or arising out of such person’s status as such, whether or not the Corporation would have the power or the obligation to indemnify such person against such liability under the provisions of this Article VIII.

8.9 Certain Definitions. For purposes of this Article VIII, references to the “Corporation” shall include, in addition to the resulting corporation, any constituent corporation (including any constituent of a constituent) absorbed in a consolidation or merger which, if its separate existence had continued, would have had power and authority to indemnify its directors, officers, employees or agents so that any person who is or was a director, officer, employee or agent of such constituent corporation, or is or was serving at the request of such constituent corporation as a director, officer, employee or agent of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust, employee benefit plan or other enterprise, shall stand in the same position under the provisions of this Article VIII with respect to the resulting or surviving corporation as such person would have with respect to such constituent corporation if its separate existence had continued. For purposes of this Article VIII, references to “fines” shall include any excise taxes assessed on a person with respect of any employee benefit plan; and references to “serving at the request of the Corporation” shall include any service as a director, officer, employee or agent of the Corporation which imposes duties on, or involves services by, such director, officer, employee or agent with respect to an employee benefit plan, its participants or beneficiaries; and a person who acted in good faith and in a manner such person reasonably believed to be in the interest of the participants and beneficiaries of an employee benefit plan shall be deemed to have acted in a manner “not opposed to the best interests of the Corporation” as referred to in this Article VIII.

8.10 Survival of Indemnification and Advancement of Expenses. The indemnification and advancement of expenses provided by, or granted pursuant to, this Article VIII shall, unless otherwise provided when authorized or ratified, continue as to a person who has ceased to be a director or officer and shall inure to the benefit of the heirs, executors and administrators of such a person.

8.11 Limitation on Indemnification. Notwithstanding anything contained in this Article VIII to the contrary, except for proceedings to enforce rights to indemnification (which shall be governed by Section 8.5), the Corporation shall not be obligated to indemnify any director, officer, employee or agent in connection with an action, suit or proceeding (or part thereof):

(a) for which payment has actually been made to or on behalf of such person under any statute, insurance policy, indemnity provision, vote or otherwise, except with respect to any excess beyond the amount paid;

 

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(b) for an accounting or disgorgement of profits pursuant to Section 16(b) of the Exchange Act, or similar provisions of federal, state or local statutory law or common law, if such person is held liable therefor (including pursuant to any settlement arrangements);

(c) for any reimbursement of the Corporation by such person of any bonus or other incentive-based or equity-based compensation or of any profits realized by such person from the sale of securities of the corporation, as required in each case under the Exchange Act (including any such reimbursements that arise from an accounting restatement of the Corporation pursuant to Section 304 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, as amended (the “Sarbanes-Oxley Act”), or the payment to the Corporation of profits arising from the purchase and sale by such person of securities in violation of Section 306 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act), if such person is held liable therefor (including pursuant to any settlement arrangements);

(d) initiated by such person, including any action, suit or proceeding (or part thereof) initiated by such person against the Corporation or its directors, officers, employees, agents or other indemnitees, unless (i) the Board authorized the action, suit or proceeding (or relevant part thereof) prior to its initiation, (ii) the Corporation provides the indemnification, in its sole discretion, pursuant to the powers vested in the Corporation under applicable law, (iii) otherwise required to be made under Section 8.5 or (iv) otherwise required by applicable law; or

(e) if prohibited by applicable law.

8.12 Contract Rights. The obligations of the Corporation under this Article VIII to indemnify, and advance expenses to, a person who is or was a director or officer of the Corporation shall be considered a contract between the Corporation and such person, and no modification or repeal of any provision of this Article VIII shall affect, to the detriment of such person, such obligations of the Corporation in connection with a claim based on any act or failure to act occurring before such modification or repeal.

*     *     *     *     *

 

25

Exhibit 3.3

CERTIFICATE OF DESIGNATION

OF

RIGHTS AND PREFERENCES

OF

SERIES A CONVERTIBLE PREFERRED STOCK

OF

BITCOIN DEPOT INC.

Pursuant to Section 151 of the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware

Bitcoin Depot Inc. (the “Corporation”), a corporation organized and existing under the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware (the “DGCL”), hereby certifies that the following resolution was duly adopted by the Board of Directors of the Corporation (hereinafter being referred to as the “Board of Directors”) as required by Section 151 of the DGCL on June 30, 2023:

WHEREAS, the Second Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the Corporation (as amended, restated supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time, the “Certificate of Incorporation”) authorizes the issuance of up to 50,000,000 shares of Preferred Stock, par value $0.0001 per share, of the Corporation (“Preferred Stock”), and expressly authorizes the Board of Directors, subject to limitations prescribed by law, to provide, by resolution or resolutions for series of Preferred Stock out of unissued shares of Preferred Stock that have not been designated to a series, and with respect to each series, to establish the number of shares to be included in each such series, and to fix the voting powers (if any), designations, powers, preferences, and relative, participating, optional, or other special rights, if any, of the shares of each such series, and any qualifications, limitations or restrictions of such shares; and

WHEREAS, it is the desire of the Board of Directors to establish and fix the number of shares to be included in a new series of Preferred Stock and the voting powers (if any), designations, powers, preferences, and relative, participating, optional, or other special rights, if any, of the shares of each such series, and any qualifications, limitations or restrictions of such shares.

NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED that the Board of Directors does hereby provide authority for the Corporation to issue the Series A Convertible Preferred Stock (the “Series A Preferred”) and does hereby in this Certificate of Designation of Rights and Preferences of Series A Preferred Stock (this “Certificate of Designation”) establish and fix and herein state and express the designations, powers, preferences, and relative, participating, optional, or other special rights, and any qualifications, limitations or restrictions, of such shares of Series A Preferred as follows:


Section 1 Designation and Amount. There shall be a total of 4,300,000 shares of Preferred Stock, par value $0.0001 per share, designated as Series A Preferred.

Section 2 Ranking. The Series A Preferred shall rank, with respect to rights as to dividends, distributions, redemptions and payments upon liquidation, dissolution and winding up of the Corporation (a) senior to all of the Common Stock and any other class or series of capital stock of the Corporation now or hereafter issued or authorized, the terms of which do not expressly provide that such class or series ranks senior to or on a parity with the Series A Preferred as to dividends, distributions, redemptions and payments upon the liquidation, dissolution and winding up of the Corporation (such stock being referred to hereinafter collectively as “Junior Securities”), (b) on a parity basis with each other class or series of capital stock now or hereafter issued or authorized, the terms of which expressly provide that such class or series ranks on a parity basis with the Series A Preferred as to dividends, distributions, redemptions and payments upon the liquidation, dissolution and winding up of the Corporation (such stock being referred to hereinafter collectively as “Pari Passu Securities”), and (c) on a junior basis with each other class or series of capital stock now or hereafter issued or authorized, the terms of which expressly provide that such class or series ranks on a senior basis to the Series A Preferred as to dividends, distributions, redemptions and payments upon the liquidation, dissolution and winding up of the Corporation (such stock being referred to hereinafter collectively as “Senior Securities”).

Section 3 Dividends.

(a) The holders of Series A Preferred shall be entitled to receive a dividend in respect of each such share of Series A Preferred, only if and when declared by the Corporation’s Board of Directors or any authorized committee thereof.

(b) Notwithstanding Section 3(a) above, the Series A Preferred shall, subject to Section 8(e), participate fully with respect to all distributions and dividends made to the holders of the Class A Common Stock and each holder of Series A Preferred shall receive the same dividend or distribution as if such shares of Series A Preferred were converted to shares of Class A Common Stock in accordance with Section 8 immediately prior to the applicable record date for such Class A Common Stock dividend or distribution, and the record date for the shares of Series A Preferred for any such dividend or distribution shall be the same as the applicable record date for the Class A Common Stock.

Section 4 Liquidation. Upon any liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the Corporation (whether voluntary or involuntary), each holder of Series A Preferred shall be entitled to be paid, prior and in preference to any distribution or payment of any assets of the Corporation to the holders of any and all Junior Securities by reason of their ownership thereof, the par value $0.0001 per share plus accrued but unpaid dividends for each share of Series A Preferred held by such person. If upon any such liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the Corporation, the Corporation’s assets to be distributed among the holders of the Series A Preferred are insufficient to permit payment to such holders of the aggregate amount which they are entitled to be paid under this Section 4, then the entire assets available to be distributed to the holders of Series A Preferred and Junior Securities shall be distributed ratably to all holders of shares of Series A Preferred (based on the respective amounts to which the holders would otherwise be entitled pursuant to the first sentence of this Section 4) prior to any distributions to holders of Junior Securities. Not less

 

2


than five days prior to the payment date stated therein, the Corporation shall mail written notice of any such liquidation, dissolution or winding up to each record holder of Series A Preferred, setting forth in reasonable detail the amount of proceeds to be paid with respect to each share of Series A Preferred and each share of Common Stock in connection with such liquidation, dissolution or winding up.

Section 5 Voting Rights. Except as provided in Section 10 or as otherwise required by the DGCL, the Series A Preferred shall have no other voting rights.

Section 6 No Share Certificates. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained herein, no shares of Series A Preferred shall be issued in physical, certificated form. All shares of Series A Preferred shall be evidenced by book-entry on the record books maintained by the Corporation or the Transfer Agent as further described in Section 8(c)(iii).

Section 7 Replacement. Upon receipt of evidence reasonably satisfactory to the Corporation (an affidavit of the registered holder shall be satisfactory) of the ownership and the loss, theft, destruction or mutilation of any certificate evidencing shares of Series A Preferred, and in the case of any such loss, theft or destruction, upon receipt of indemnity reasonably satisfactory to the Corporation (provided that if the holder is a financial institution or other institutional investor its own agreement shall be satisfactory), or, in the case of any such mutilation upon surrender of such certificate, the Corporation shall (at its expense) execute and deliver in lieu of such certificate a new certificate of like kind representing the number of shares of such class represented by such lost, stolen, destroyed or mutilated certificate and dated the date of such lost, stolen, destroyed or mutilated certificate.

Section 8 Conversion. At any time after the date of issuance of each share of the Series A Preferred (the “Initial Issuance Date”), each share of Series A Preferred shall be convertible into validly issued, fully paid and non-assessable shares of Class A Common Stock (the “Conversion Shares”), on the terms and conditions set forth in this Section 8. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary herein or otherwise, and for the avoidance of doubt, any shares of Series A Preferred that have been converted pursuant to the terms of this Certificate of Designation shall not be deemed to be outstanding for the purpose of voting or determining the number of votes entitled to vote on any matter submitted to holders of the Series A Preferred from and after the time of their conversion.

(a) Holder’s Conversion Right. At any time or times on or after the Initial Issuance Date, each holder of any share of Series A Preferred shall be entitled to convert any portion of the outstanding Series A Preferred held by such holder into validly issued, fully paid and non-assessable Conversion Shares in accordance with Section 8(c) at the Conversion Rate (as defined below). The Corporation shall not issue any fraction of a share of Class A Common Stock upon any conversion. If the issuance would result in the issuance of a fraction of a share of Class A Common Stock, the Corporation shall round such fraction of a share of Class A Common Stock up to the nearest whole share. The Corporation shall pay any and all transfer, stamp, issuance and similar taxes, costs and expenses (including, without limitation, fees and expenses of the Corporation’s transfer agent (the “Transfer Agent”)) that may be payable with respect to the issuance and delivery of Class A Common Stock upon conversion of any share of Series A Preferred.

 

3


(b) Conversion Rate. The number of Conversion Shares issuable upon conversion of any share of Series A Preferred pursuant to Section 8(a) shall be determined by dividing (x) (1) the Stated Value plus (2) all declared and unpaid dividends on such share of Series A Preferred as of such date of determination (the “Conversion Amount”) by (y) the Conversion Price (the “Conversion Rate”). The “Conversion Price” applicable to the Series A Preferred shall initially be equal to $10.00. Such initial Conversion Price, and the rate at which the shares of Series A Preferred may be converted into shares of Class A Common Stock, shall be subject to adjustment as provided in Section 8(e).

(c) Mechanics of Conversion. The conversion of each share of Series A Preferred shall be conducted in the following manner:

(i) Conversion. To convert a share of Series A Preferred into Conversion Shares on any date (a “Conversion Date”), a holder shall deliver for receipt on or prior to 5:00 p.m., Eastern Time, on such date (X) to the Corporation, using the notice procedures set forth in Section 11, a copy (whether via electronic mail or otherwise) of an executed notice of conversion of the share(s) of Series A Preferred subject to such conversion in the form attached hereto as Exhibit I (the “Conversion Notice”) and (Y) (i) to the Transfer Agent via mail or hand delivery, a fully and validly executed original stock power form duly endorsed by the holder and bearing a usual and customary medallion signature guarantee in a form acceptable to the Transfer Agent with respect to the Conversion Shares (the “Stock Power” and, together with the Conversion Notice, the “Conversion Documentation”) and (ii) to the Corporation, a copy (whether via electronic mail or otherwise) of the Stock Power and tracking information and/or evidence of delivery of the package containing the Stock Power. On or prior to 9:00 a.m., Eastern Time, on the first business day following the date of receipt of the Conversion Documentation, the Corporation shall transmit by electronic mail (A) to the Transfer Agent an instruction to the Transfer Agent, in the form attached hereto as Exhibit II, to process such Conversion Notice in accordance with the terms herein, including clauses (1) or (2) of this Section 8(c)(i), as applicable, and (B) to such holder, an acknowledgment of confirmation of receipt of such Conversion Notice, in the form attached hereto as Exhibit III. On or before the second business day following each date on which the Corporation has received the Conversion Documentation (or such earlier date as required pursuant to the Exchange Act, or other applicable law, rule or regulation for the settlement of a trade initiated on the applicable date of the Conversion Notice of such Conversion Shares issuable pursuant to such Conversion Notice) (the “Share Delivery Deadline”), the Corporation shall (1) if the Transfer Agent is participating in the Fast Automated Securities Transfer Program (“FAST”) and the Conversion Shares are available for resale under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”) or otherwise DTC-eligible, credit such aggregate number of Conversion Shares to which such holder shall be entitled pursuant to such conversion to such holder’s (or its designee’s) balance account with DTC through its Deposit/Withdrawal at Custodian system which will include causing the Corporation’s counsel to issue a legal opinion requesting that the restrictive legend concerning transfer restrictions of the Conversion Shares be removed and that the

 

4


Conversion Shares be transferred to the holder’s broker (nominee) account in DTC, or (2) if the Transfer Agent is not participating in FAST or the Conversion Shares are not available for resale under the Securities Act and not otherwise DTC-eligible, register such Conversion Shares on the Corporation’s share register and deliver evidence of the same to the holder (or its designee) (each of clauses (1) and (2), the “Conversion Procedures”). The person or persons entitled to receive the Conversion Shares issuable upon a conversion of Preferred Shares shall be treated for all purposes as the record holder or holders of such Conversion Shares on the Conversion Date. For the avoidance of doubt and notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Certificate of Designation, the Holder’s delivery of the Conversion Documentation pursuant to clause (X) and (Y) above after 5:00 p.m., Eastern Time, shall cause the Conversion Date to be considered as the following business day.

(ii) Corporation’s Failure to Timely Convert. If the Corporation shall fail, for any reason or for no reason, to satisfy the applicable Conversion Procedures on or prior to the applicable Share Delivery Deadline (a “Conversion Failure”), then, in addition to all other remedies available to such holder, (X) the Corporation shall pay in cash to such holder on each day after the Share Delivery Deadline that the issuance of such Conversion Shares is not timely effected an amount equal to 1% of the product of (A) the sum of the number of Conversion Shares not issued to such holder (or its designee) on or prior to the Share Delivery Deadline and to which such holder is entitled, multiplied by (B) any trading price of the Class A Common Stock selected by such holder in writing as in effect at any time during the period beginning on the applicable Conversion Date and ending on the applicable Share Delivery Deadline, and (Y) such holder, upon written notice to the Corporation, may void its Conversion Notice with respect to all, or any portion, of such Preferred Shares that has not been converted pursuant to such Conversion Notice; provided that the voiding of a Conversion Notice shall not affect the Corporation’s obligations to make any payments which have accrued prior to the date of such notice pursuant to this Section 8(c)(ii) or otherwise. In addition to the foregoing, if there is a Conversion Failure and if on or after the applicable Share Delivery Deadline such holder acquires (in an open market transaction, stock loan or otherwise) shares of Class A Common Stock corresponding to all or any portion of the number of Conversion Shares issuable upon such conversion that such holder is entitled to receive from the Corporation but has not received from the Corporation in connection with such Conversion Failure (a “Buy-In”), then, in addition to all other remedies available to such holder, the Corporation shall, within two business days after receipt of such holder’s request and in such holder’s discretion, either: (I) pay cash to such holder in an amount equal to such holder’s total purchase price (including brokerage commissions, stock loan costs and other reasonable, actual, documented out-of-pocket expenses, if any) for the shares of Class A Common Stock so acquired (including, without limitation, by any other person in respect, or on behalf, of such holder) (the “Buy-In Cost”), at which point the Corporation’s obligation to (A) so register such Conversion Shares on the Corporation’s share register and deliver evidence of the same to the holder (or its designee) or credit to the balance account of such holder (or its designee) with DTC for the number of Conversion Shares to which such holder is entitled upon such

 

5


holder’s conversion hereunder (as the case may be) and (B) to issue such Conversion Shares solely pursuant to the Conversion Notice with which the Conversion Failure is in connection shall terminate, or (II) promptly honor its obligation to so register such Conversion Shares on the Corporation’s share register and deliver evidence of the same to the holder (or its designee) or credit to the balance account of such holder (or its designee) with DTC for the number of Conversion Shares to which such holder is entitled upon such holder’s conversion hereunder (as the case may be) and pay cash to such holder in an amount equal to the excess (if any) of the Buy-In Cost over the product of (x) such number of shares of Class A Common Stock multiplied by (y) the lowest Closing Sale Price of the Class A Common Stock on any Trading Day during the period commencing on the date of the applicable Conversion Notice and ending on the date of such issuance and payment under this clause (II) (the “Buy-In Top-Up Amount”). Nothing herein shall limit the holder’s right to pursue any other remedies available to it hereunder, at law or in equity, including, without limitation, a decree of specific performance and/or injunctive relief with respect to the Corporation’s failure to timely satisfy the applicable Conversion Procedures upon the conversion of the Preferred Shares as required pursuant to the terms hereof.

(iii) Registration; Book-Entry. The Corporation (or the Transfer Agent, as custodian for the Preferred Shares) shall maintain a register (the “Register”) for the recordation of the names and addresses of the holders of each share of Series A Preferred and the Conversion Amount and the Conversion Price of the Series A Preferred (the “Registered Preferred Shares”). The entries in the Register shall be conclusive and binding for all purposes absent manifest error. The Corporation and each holder of the Series A Preferred shall treat each person whose name is recorded in the Register as the owner of a share of Series A Preferred for all purposes (including, without limitation, the right to receive payments and dividends hereunder) notwithstanding notice to the contrary. A Registered Preferred Share may be assigned, transferred or sold only by registration of such assignment or sale on the Register. Upon its receipt of a written request to assign, transfer or sell one or more Registered Preferred Shares by such holder thereof (a “Transfer”), the Corporation shall record the information contained therein in the Register and issue one or more new Registered Preferred Shares to the designated assignee or transferee pursuant to Section 6; provided that if the Corporation does not so record a Transfer of such Registered Preferred Shares within one Trading Day of such a request, then the Register shall be automatically deemed updated to reflect such Transfer. If the Corporation does not update the Register to record any adjustment to the Conversion Amount or Conversion Price within one Trading Day of such occurrence, then the Register shall be automatically deemed updated to reflect such occurrence. In the event of any dispute or discrepancy, the records of such holder establishing the number of shares of Series A Preferred to which the record holder is entitled shall be controlling and determinative in the absence of manifest error. In the event of a Transfer from any Initial Holder to a Person that is not an Affiliate of such Initial Holder, the transferee shall not be entitled to the terms and provisions set forth in Sections 8(c)(ii) and 8(e) of this Certificate of Designation.

 

6


(d) Reservation of Shares. The Corporation shall at all times when any Series A Preferred shall be outstanding, reserve and keep available out of its authorized but unissued capital stock, for the purpose of effecting the conversion of the Series A Preferred, such number of its duly authorized shares of Class A Common Stock as shall from time to time be sufficient to effect the conversion of all outstanding Series A Preferred; and if at any time the number of authorized but unissued shares of Class A Common Stock shall not be sufficient to effect the conversion of all then outstanding Series A Preferred, the Corporation shall take such corporate action as may be necessary to increase its authorized but unissued shares of Class A Common Stock to such number of shares as shall be sufficient for such purposes, including, without limitation, engaging in reasonable best efforts to obtain the requisite stockholder approval of any necessary amendment to its Certificate of Incorporation.

(e) Adjustments to Conversion Price.

(i) Adjustment for Stock Splits and Combinations. If the Corporation shall at any time or from time to time after the Initial Issuance Date effect a subdivision of the outstanding Class A Common Stock, the Conversion Price in effect immediately before that subdivision shall be proportionately decreased so that the number of shares of Class A Common Stock issuable on conversion of each share of such series shall be increased in proportion to such increase in the aggregate number of shares of Class A Common Stock outstanding. If the Corporation shall at any time or from time to time after the Initial Issuance Date combine the outstanding shares of Class A Common Stock, the Conversion Price in effect immediately before the combination shall be proportionately increased so that the number of shares of Class A Common Stock issuable on conversion of each share of such series shall be decreased in proportion to such decrease in the aggregate number of shares of Class A Common Stock outstanding. Any adjustment under this Section 8(e)(i) shall become effective at the close of business on the date the subdivision or combination becomes effective.

(ii) Adjustment for Certain Dividends and Distributions. In the event the Corporation at any time or from time to time after the Initial Issuance Date shall make or issue, or fix a record date for the determination of holders of Class A Common Stock entitled to receive, a dividend or other distribution payable on the Class A Common Stock in additional shares of Class A Common Stock, then and in each such event the Conversion Price in effect immediately before such event shall be decreased as of the time of such issuance or, in the event such a record date shall have been fixed, as of the close of business on such record date, by multiplying the Conversion Price then in effect by a fraction:

(1) the numerator of which shall be the total number of shares of Class A Common Stock issued and outstanding immediately prior to the time of such issuance or the close of business on such record date, as applicable, and

 

7


(2) the denominator of which shall be the total number of shares of Class A Common Stock issued and outstanding immediately prior to the time of such issuance or the close of business on such record date, as applicable, plus the number of shares of Class A Common Stock issuable in payment of such dividend or distribution.

Notwithstanding the foregoing, if such record date shall have been fixed and such dividend is not fully paid or if such distribution is not fully made on the date fixed therefor, the Conversion Price shall be recomputed accordingly as of the close of business on such record date and thereafter the Conversion Price shall be adjusted pursuant to this Section 8(e)(ii) as of the time of actual payment of such dividends or distributions.

(iii) Adjustments for Other Dividends and Distributions. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary stated herein, in the event the Corporation at any time or from time to time after the Initial Issuance Date shall make or issue, or fix a record date for the determination of holders of Class A Common Stock entitled to receive, a cash dividend or distribution payable in securities of the Corporation (other than a distribution of shares of Class A Common Stock in respect of outstanding shares of Class A Common Stock) or in other property, then and in each such event (x) the Corporation shall provide prompt notice to the holders of Series A Preferred and (y)(i) provision shall be made so that the holders of the Series A Preferred shall receive upon conversion thereof, in addition to the number of shares of Class A Common Stock receivable thereupon, the kind and amount of securities of the Corporation or other property which they would have been entitled to receive had the Series A Preferred been converted into Class A Common Stock on the date of such event and had they thereafter, during the period from the date of such event to and including the conversion date, retained such securities receivable by them as aforesaid during such period, giving application to all adjustments called for during such period under this Section 8(e) with respect to the rights of the holders of the Series A Preferred or (ii) at the election of each holder of Series A Preferred, the Corporation shall deliver, simultaneously with the distribution to the holders of Class A Common Stock, a cash dividend or distribution of such securities or other property in an amount equal to the amount of such securities or other property such holder of Series A Preferred would have received if all of such holder’s outstanding Series A Preferred had been converted into Class A Common Stock on the date of such event.

(iv) Adjustment for Merger or Reorganization, etc. If there shall occur any reorganization, recapitalization, reclassification, consolidation or merger involving the Corporation in which the Class A Common Stock (but not the Series A Preferred) is converted into or exchanged for securities, cash or other property (other than a transaction covered by Sections 9(e)(i), (ii) or (iii)), then, following any such reorganization, recapitalization, reclassification, consolidation or merger, each share of Series A Preferred shall thereafter be convertible in lieu of the Class A Common Stock into which it was convertible prior to such event into the kind and amount of securities, cash or other property which a holder of the number of shares of Class A Common Stock of the Corporation issuable upon immediate

 

8


conversion of one share of Series A Preferred immediately prior to such reorganization, recapitalization, reclassification, consolidation or merger would have been entitled to receive pursuant to such transaction; and, in such case, appropriate adjustment (as determined in good faith by the Board of Directors of the Corporation) shall be made in the application of the provisions in this Section 8 with respect to the rights and interests thereafter of the holders of the Series A Preferred, to the end that the provisions set forth in this Section 8 (including provisions with respect to changes in and other adjustments of the Conversion Price) shall thereafter be applicable, as nearly as reasonably may be, in relation to any securities or other property thereafter deliverable upon the conversion of the Series A Preferred.

Section 9 Definitions.

Affiliate” means, with respect to any Person, any other Person that directly, or indirectly through one or more intermediaries, controls, is controlled by, or is under common control with, such first Person.

Closing Sale Price” means for such security prior to 4:00 p.m., Eastern Time, on the principal securities exchange or trading market where such security is listed or traded, as reported by Bloomberg, L.P., or if the foregoing do not apply, the last trade price of such security in the principal trading market for such security as reported by Bloomberg, L.P., or, if no last trade price is reported for such security by Bloomberg, L.P., the average of the bid prices of any market makers for such security as reported on the Nasdaq Capital Market (or, if the Class A Common Stock is not then listed on the Nasdaq Capital Market, the principal other U.S. national or regional securities exchange on which the Class A Common Stock is then listed). If the Closing Sale Price cannot be calculated for a security on a particular date on any of the foregoing bases, the Closing Sale Price of such security on such date shall be the fair market value as determined in good faith by the Board of Directors of the Corporation.

Common Stock” means, collectively, the Corporation’s Class A, Class B, Class M, Class O, Class V and Class E common stock, in each case, par value $0.0001 per share, and any capital stock of any class of common stock of the Corporation hereafter authorized which is not limited to a fixed sum or percentage of par or stated value in respect to the rights of the holders thereof to participate in dividends or in the distribution of assets upon any liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the Corporation.

Initial Holders” mean the holders of Series A Preferred issued by the Corporation on June 23, 2023.

Person” means any individual, corporation, partnership, limited liability company, limited liability partnership, syndicate, person, trust, association, organization or other entity, and including any successor, by merger or otherwise, of any of the foregoing.

 

9


Stated Value” means, at any date of determination, and with respect to each outstanding share of the Series A Preferred, $10.00 (adjusted as appropriate in the event of any stock dividend, stock split, stock distribution, recapitalization or combination with respect to the Series A Preferred).

Trading Day” shall mean any day on which trading in the Class A Common Stock generally occurs on the principal U.S. national or regional securities exchange on which the Class A Common Stock is then listed.

Section 10 Amendment and Waiver. No amendment, modification, alteration, repeal or waiver of any provision of this Certificate of Designation (whether by merger, consolidation, or otherwise) shall be binding or effective without the prior written consent of the Board of Directors and each holder of Series A Preferred outstanding at the time such action is taken.

Section 11 Notices. Except as otherwise expressly provided hereunder (including, for the avoidance of doubt, any notices under Section 8), all notices referred to herein shall be in writing or by email and shall be delivered by registered or certified mail, return receipt requested and postage prepaid, or by reputable overnight courier service (including for hand delivery), charges prepaid, or by email and shall be deemed to have been given (and received) on the business day it is so mailed or sent, if sent before or at 5:00 p.m. Eastern Time, and on the business day after it is so mailed or sent, if sent after 5:00 p.m. Eastern Time, in either case, (i) to the Corporation, at its principal executive offices and (ii) to any stockholder, at such holder’s address as it appears in the stock records of the Corporation (unless otherwise indicated by any such holder). For the avoidance of doubt, in the case of Conversion Documentation delivered to the Corporation by a holder pursuant to Section 8, if the Conversion Documentation is sent at 5:00 p.m. Eastern Time on a business day it shall be deemed to have been received on such date.

Notices to the Corporation shall be sent to the below address, which may be updated from time to time by the Corporation:

Bitcoin Depot Inc.

2870 Peachtree Rd #327

Atlanta, Georgia, 30305

Email: brandon@bitcoindepot.com;

            glen.leibowitz@bitcoindepot.com

Attention: Brandon Mintz, President and Chief Executive Officer;

            Glen Leibowitz, Chief Financial Officer

 

10


IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Corporation has caused this Certificate of Designation to be signed by a duly authorized officer this 30th day of June, 2023.

 

BITCOIN DEPOT INC.
By: /s/ Brandon Mintz
Name: Brandon Mintz
Title: President and Chief Executive Officer

[Signature Page to Certificate of Designation – Series A Preferred]


EXHIBIT I

BITCOIN DEPOT INC.

CONVERSION NOTICE

Reference is made to the Certificate of Designation of Rights and Preferences of Series A Convertible Preferred Stock of Bitcoin Depot Inc. (the “Certificate of Designation”). In accordance with and pursuant to the Certificate of Designation, the undersigned hereby elects to convert the number of shares of Series A Convertible Preferred Stock, par value $0.0001 per share (the “Series A Preferred”), of Bitcoin Depot Inc., a Delaware corporation (the “Corporation”), indicated below into shares of Class A Common Stock, par value $0.0001 per share (the “Common Stock”), of the Corporation, as of the date specified below.

 

Date of Conversion:

                                                                                

Aggregate number of Series A Preferred to be converted:

                                                                                

Aggregate Stated Value of such Series A Preferred to be converted:

                                                                                

Aggregate accrued and unpaid dividends with respect to such Series A Preferred and such aggregate dividends to be converted:

                                                                                

AGGREGATE CONVERSION AMOUNT TO BE CONVERTED:

                                                                                

Please confirm the following information:

  

Conversion Price:

                                                                                

Number of shares of Common Stock to be issued:

                                                                                

Please issue the Common Stock into which the applicable Series A Preferred are being converted to Holder, or for its benefit, as
follows:

                                                                                
                                                                                
                                                                                

☐        Check here if requesting delivery of evidence of book-entry on Corporation’s share register:

  

Name:

                                                                                

Address:

                                                                                

☐        Check here if requesting delivery by Deposit/Withdrawal at Custodian as follows: DTC Participant:

  

 

Ex. I-1


DTC Number:

                                                                                

Account Number:

                                                                                

Date:                                                                              

  

Name of Registered Holder

  

By:                                                                                  

Name:                                                                            

Title:                                                                              

Tax ID:                                                                         

Facsimile:                                                                      

E-mail Address:                                                           

 

  

 

Ex. I-2


EXHIBIT II

INSTRUCTION TO TRANSFER AGENT

[See attached]

 

Ex. II-1


EXHIBIT III

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The Corporation hereby acknowledges the Conversion Notice attached hereto and has directed                  to issue the indicated number of shares of Common Stock on such notice in accordance with the instructions dated                 , 20     from the Corporation.

 

BITCOIN DEPOT INC.
By:    
Name:    
Title:    

 

Ex. III-1

Exhibit 10.1

BT HOLDCO LLC

AMENDED AND RESTATED

LIMITED LIABILITY COMPANY AGREEMENT

Dated as of June 30, 2023

THE UNITS ISSUED PURSUANT TO THIS AMENDED AND RESTATED LIMITED LIABILITY COMPANY AGREEMENT HAVE NOT BEEN REGISTERED UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, AS AMENDED, OR UNDER ANY OTHER APPLICABLE SECURITIES LAWS. SUCH UNITS MAY NOT BE SOLD, TRANSFERRED, ASSIGNED, PLEDGED OR OTHERWISE DISPOSED OF AT ANY TIME WITHOUT EFFECTIVE REGISTRATION UNDER SUCH ACT AND LAWS OR AN EXEMPTION THEREFROM, AND COMPLIANCE WITH THE OTHER RESTRICTIONS ON TRANSFERABILITY SET FORTH IN THIS AGREEMENT.

CERTAIN UNITS MAY ALSO BE SUBJECT TO ADDITIONAL RESTRICTIONS ON TRANSFER SET FORTH IN THIS AGREEMENT OR IN A SEPARATE AGREEMENT WITH THE INITIAL HOLDER OF SUCH UNITS. A COPY OF SUCH AGREEMENT MAY BE OBTAINED BY THE HOLDER OF SUCH UNITS UPON WRITTEN REQUEST TO THE COMPANY AND WITHOUT CHARGE.

 


TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

         Page  
ARTICLE I DEFINITIONS      2  
ARTICLE II ORGANIZATIONAL MATTERS      12  

Section 2.1

  Formation of LLC; Continuation      12  

Section 2.2

  Limited Liability Company Agreement      12  

Section 2.3

  Name      12  

Section 2.4

  Purpose      12  

Section 2.5

  Principal Office; Registered Office      13  

Section 2.6

  Term      13  

Section 2.7

  No State-Law Partnership      13  

Section 2.8

  Ratification and Specific Authorization of Transactions      13  
ARTICLE III UNITS, CAPITAL CONTRIBUTIONS AND ACCOUNTS      14  

Section 3.1

  Units; Capitalization      14  

Section 3.2

  Authorization and Issuance of Additional Units      15  

Section 3.3

  Repurchase or Redemption of Class A Common Stock      16  

Section 3.4

  Changes in Common Stock      17  

Section 3.5

  Capital Accounts      17  

Section 3.6

  Negative Capital Accounts; No Interest Regarding Positive Capital Accounts      18  

Section 3.7

  No Withdrawal      18  

Section 3.8

  Loans From Unitholders      19  

Section 3.9

  Adjustments to Capital Accounts for Distributions In-Kind      19  

Section 3.10

  Transfer of Capital Accounts      19  

Section 3.11

  Adjustments to Book Value      19  

Section 3.12

  Compliance With Section 1.704-1(b)      19  

Section 3.13

  Warrants      20  

Section 3.14

  Conversion or Forfeiture of Earnout Units      20  

Section 3.15

  Conversion of Founder Preferred Units      22  

Section 3.16

  Conversion of Series A Preferred Units      22  
ARTICLE IV DISTRIBUTIONS AND ALLOCATIONS      23  

Section 4.1

  Distributions      23  

Section 4.2

  Allocations      24  

Section 4.3

  Special Allocations      25  

Section 4.4

  Offsetting Allocations      26  

Section 4.5

  Tax Allocations      27  

Section 4.6

  Indemnification and Reimbursement for Payments on Behalf of a Unitholder      28  

 

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ARTICLE V MANAGEMENT AND CONTROL OF BUSINESS      28  

Section 5.1

  Management      28  

Section 5.2

  Investment Company Act      30  

Section 5.3

  Officers      30  

Section 5.4

  Fiduciary Duties      31  
ARTICLE VI EXCULPATION AND INDEMNIFICATION      32  

Section 6.1

  Exculpation      32  

Section 6.2

  Indemnification      32  

Section 6.3

  Expenses      33  

Section 6.4

  Non-Exclusivity; Savings Clause      33  

Section 6.5

  Insurance      33  

Section 6.6

  Manager Reimbursement      33  

Section 6.7

  PubCo Reimbursement      34  
ARTICLE VII ACCOUNTING AND RECORDS; TAX MATTERS      34  

Section 7.1

  Accounting and Records      34  

Section 7.2

  Preparation of Tax Returns; Administrative Matters      34  

Section 7.3

  Tax Elections      35  

Section 7.4

  Tax Controversies      35  

Section 7.5

  Earnout Units      37  
ARTICLE VIII TRANSFER OF UNITS; ADMISSION OF NEW MEMBERS      37  

Section 8.1

  Transfer of Units      37  

Section 8.2

  Recognition of Transfer; Substituted and Additional Members      38  

Section 8.3

  Expense of Transfer; Indemnification      40  
ARTICLE IX REDEMPTION; EXCHANGE      40  

Section 9.1

  Redemption of Common Units      40  

Section 9.2

  Adjustments      46  

Section 9.3

  Class A Common Stock and Class M Common Stock to be Issued      47  

Section 9.4

  Withholding; Certification of Non-Foreign Status      47  

Section 9.5

  Tax Treatment      48  

Section 9.6

  PTP Tax Consequences      48  

Section 9.7

  Distributions      48  

Section 9.8

  Certain BT Assets Rights      48  
ARTICLE X RESIGNATION OF UNITHOLDERS      49  

Section 10.1

  Resignation of Unitholders      49  
ARTICLE XI DISSOLUTION AND LIQUIDATION      49  

Section 11.1

  Dissolution      49  

Section 11.2

  Liquidation and Termination      49  

 

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Section 11.3

  Securityholders Agreement      50  

Section 11.4

  Cancellation of Certificate      50  

Section 11.5

  Reasonable Time for Winding Up      51  

Section 11.6

  Return of Capital      51  

Section 11.7

  Hart-Scott-Rodino      51  
ARTICLE XII GENERAL PROVISIONS      51  

Section 12.1

  Power of Attorney      51  

Section 12.2

  Amendments      52  

Section 12.3

  Title to the Company Assets      52  

Section 12.4

  Remedies      52  

Section 12.5

  Successors and Assigns      52  

Section 12.6

  Severability      52  

Section 12.7

  Counterparts; Binding Agreement      52  

Section 12.8

  Descriptive Headings; Interpretation      53  

Section 12.9

  Applicable Law      53  

Section 12.10

  Addresses and Notices      53  

Section 12.11

  Creditors      53  

Section 12.12

  No Waiver      54  

Section 12.13

  Further Action      54  

Section 12.14

  Entire Agreement      54  

Section 12.15

  Delivery by Electronic Means      54  

Section 12.16

  Certain Acknowledgments      54  

Section 12.17

  Consent to Jurisdiction; WAIVER OF TRIAL BY JURY      55  

Section 12.18

  Representations and Warranties      55  

Section 12.19

  Tax Receivable Agreement      56  

 

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BT HOLDCO LLC

AMENDED AND RESTATED

LIMITED LIABILITY COMPANY AGREEMENT

THIS AMENDED AND RESTATED LIMITED LIABILITY COMPANY AGREEMENT of BT HoldCo LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (the “Company”), is entered into as of June 30, 2023 (the “Execution Date”), by and among the Company, Bitcoin Depot Inc., a Delaware corporation (“PubCo”), and BT Assets, Inc., a Delaware corporation (“BT Assets”). Capitalized terms used but not otherwise defined in this Agreement shall have the meanings ascribed to such terms in Article 4.1.

WHEREAS, the Certificate was filed with the Office of the Secretary of State of Delaware on March 17, 2023;

WHEREAS, the Limited Liability Agreement of the Company, was entered into as of May 2, 2023 (the “Prior Agreement”);

WHEREAS, reference is made to the Transaction Agreement, dated as of August 24, 2022 (as amended, restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time,, the “Transaction Agreement”), by and among GSR II Meteora Sponsor LLC (“Sponsor”), BT Assets, Lux Vending, LLC, a Georgia limited liability company (“BT OpCo”), and PubCo, pursuant to which, among other things, (i) prior to the remaining transactions described in this paragraph, the Company shall recapitalize all of its issued and outstanding membership interests into five classes of Equity Securities, the Common Units, the Founder Preferred Units, the Class 1 Earnout Units, the Class 2 Earnout Units, and the Class 3 Earnout Units, with the number of outstanding Common Units, Founder Preferred Units, and Earnout Units, respectively, being determined in accordance with Section 2.9 of the Transaction Agreement, (ii) PubCo will be admitted as a Member of the Company and will contribute funds to the Company in exchange for newly issued Common Units, Warrants and Earnout Units in the Company, (iii) PubCo will purchase Common Units from BT Assets for cash, (iv) PubCo will issue Class V Common Stock to BT Assets and (v) PubCo, the Company and BT Assets will enter into a Tax Receivable Agreement (as defined below), pursuant to which PubCo will be obligated to make payments to certain parties related to certain tax benefits realized or deemed realized (clauses (i) through (iv), collectively, the “Transactions”);

WHEREAS, in connection with the Transactions, the Subscribers (as defined in the PIPE Agreement (as defined below)) are entering into that certain PIPE Agreement, dated as of June 23, 2023 (as may be amended from time to time, the “PIPE Agreement”), by and among the Subscribers, BT OpCo, and Sponsor, pursuant to which the Subscribers are committing to purchase shares of Class A Common Stock and Series A Preferred Stock (the “PIPE Transactions”);

WHEREAS, in connection with the PIPE Transactions, the Company will issue a number of Series A Preferred Units to PubCo, such that immediately after completion of the Transactions and the PIPE Transactions, the total number of Series A Preferred Units held by PubCo in the Company will equal the total number of Series A Preferred Stock outstanding at PubCo (the “Series A Preferred Issuance”);


WHEREAS, the parties to this Agreement desire to amend and restate the Prior Agreement as set forth in this Agreement to give effect to the Transactions and the Series A Preferred Issuance, reflect the admission of PubCo as a Member of the Company and appoint a manager to manage the business, property and affairs of the Company.

NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the mutual covenants contained in this Agreement and other good and valuable consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of which are acknowledged, the Members, intending to be legally bound, agree as follows:

ARTICLE I

DEFINITIONS

Capitalized terms used but not otherwise defined in this Agreement shall have the following meaning:

Additional Member” means a Person admitted to the Company as a Member pursuant to Section 3.15 in connection with issuance of Units to such Person in compliance with the terms of this Agreement.

Adjusted Capital Account Deficit” means, with respect to any Capital Account as of the end of any Taxable Year, the amount by which the balance in such Capital Account is less than zero. For this purpose, such Person’s Capital Account balance shall be (i) reduced for any items described in Treasury Regulation Section 1.704-1(b)(2)(ii)(d)(4), (5), and (6), and (ii) increased for any amount such Person is obligated to contribute or is treated as being obligated to contribute to the Company pursuant to Treasury Regulation Sections 1.704-1(b)(2)(ii)(c) (relating to partner liabilities to a partnership) or 1.704-2(g)(1) and 1.704-2(i) (relating to Minimum Gain).

Affiliate” of any Person means any other Person controlled by, controlling or under common control with such Person, and in the case of any Unitholder that is a partnership, limited liability company, corporation or similar entity, any partner, member or stockholder of such Unitholder. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Company and its Subsidiaries shall not be deemed to be Affiliates of any Unitholder for purposes of this Agreement. As used in this definition, “control” (including, with its correlative meanings, “controlling,” “controlled by” and “under common control with”) shall mean possession, directly or indirectly, of power to direct or cause the direction of management or policies (whether through ownership of securities, by contract or otherwise).

Agreement” means this Amended and Restated Limited Liability Company Agreement.

Assumed Tax Liability” means, with respect to any Unitholder for any Fiscal Quarter (or portion of any Fiscal Quarter) commencing after the Execution Date, an amount, which in the good faith estimation of the Manager, is equal to the excess (if any) of: (i) the product of (a) the estimated or actual amount of taxable income or gain of the Company, as determined for federal income tax purposes, allocated to such Unitholder in respect of such Fiscal Quarter and all prior Fiscal Quarters (or portions of such prior Fiscal Quarters) commencing after the Execution Date, reduced by any prior taxable losses of the Company allocated to such Unitholder for such Fiscal Quarter and all prior Fiscal Quarters (or portions of such prior Fiscal Quarters) commencing after the Execution Date to the extent such prior losses are available to reduce such income or gain,

 

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multiplied by (b) the Assumed Tax Rate; minus (ii) the cumulative Tax Distributions made to such Unitholder after the Execution Date pursuant to Section 4.1; provided that, in the case of PubCo, such Assumed Tax Liability shall in no event be less than an amount that will enable PubCo to meet both its tax obligations and its obligations pursuant to the Tax Receivable Agreement for the relevant Taxable Year; provided further that, in the case of each Unitholder, and for the avoidance of doubt, such Assumed Tax Liability shall take into account any Code Section 704(c) allocations (including “reverse” 704(c) allocations) to the Unitholder.

Assumed Tax Rate” means the combined maximum U.S. federal, state, and local income tax rate applicable to a taxable individual or corporation in any jurisdiction in the United States (whichever is higher), including pursuant to Section 1411 of the Code, in each case, taking into account all jurisdictions in which the Company is required to file income tax returns and the relevant apportionment information, in effect for the applicable Fiscal Quarter (taking into account the character of the income and the deductibility of state and local income taxes for federal income tax purposes (but only to the extent such taxes are deductible under the Code), and excluding any reductions in rates attributable to Section 199A of the Code). The Assumed Tax Rate shall be the same for all Unitholders, regardless of the actual combined income tax rate of the Unitholder or its direct or indirect owners and the Manager may adjust the Assumed Tax Rate as the Manager reasonably determines is necessary to take into account the effect of any changes in applicable tax law.

Base Rate” means, as of any date, a variable rate per annum equal to the rate of interest most recently published by The Wall Street Journal as the “prime rate” at large U.S. money center banks.

Book Value” means, with respect to any of the Company property, the Company’s adjusted basis for U.S. federal income Tax purposes, adjusted from time to time to reflect the adjustments required or permitted (in the case of permitted adjustments, to the extent the Company makes such permitted adjustments) by Treasury Regulation Sections 1.704-1(b)(2)(iv)(d)-(g).

BT Assets” has the meaning set forth in the Preamble.

BT HoldCo Preferred Units” has the meaning set forth in the Transaction Agreement.

Business Day” means any day other than a Saturday, Sunday or other day on which the banks in New York, New York or Atlanta, Georgia are authorized by law to be closed.

Capital Account” means the capital account maintained for a Unitholder pursuant to Section 3.15 and the other applicable provisions of this Agreement.

Capital Contributions” means any cash, cash equivalents, promissory obligations or the Fair Market Value of other property (net of any applicable liabilities) which a Unitholder contributes or is deemed by the Manager to have contributed to the Company with respect to any Unit pursuant to Section 3.1 or Section 3.10.

Cash Payment” means, an amount in cash equal to the product of (x) the Redeemed Unit Amount, (y) the then-applicable Exchange Rate, and (z) (i) solely in connection with a Change of Control Redemption, the Common Stock Value, and (ii) with respect to any Redemption that is not a Change of Control Redemption, the price to the public or the private sale price, as applicable, of the Class A Common Stock in the substantially concurrent public offering or private sale, as applicable.

 

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Certificate” means the Company’s Certificate of Formation as filed with the Secretary of State of Delaware, as the same may be amended from time to time.

Change of Control” means the occurrence of any of the following events:

(a) any “person” or “group” (within the meaning of Sections 13(d) of the Exchange Act (excluding BT Assets or any other “person” or “group” who, as of the Execution Date, is the beneficial owner of securities of PubCo representing more than 50% of the combined voting power of PubCo’s then outstanding voting securities)) becomes the beneficial owner of securities of PubCo representing more than 50% of the combined voting power of PubCo’s then outstanding voting securities;

(b) (A) the stockholders of PubCo approve a plan of complete liquidation or dissolution of PubCo or (B) there is consummated an agreement or series of related agreements for the sale or other disposition, directly or indirectly, by PubCo of all or substantially all of PubCo’s assets, other than such sale or other disposition by PubCo of all or substantially all of PubCo’s assets to an entity at least 50% of the combined voting power of the voting securities of which are owned by stockholders of PubCo in substantially the same proportions as their ownership of PubCo immediately prior to such sale or other disposition; or

(c) there is consummated a merger or consolidation of PubCo with any other corporation or other entity, and, immediately after the consummation of such merger or consolidation, either (A) the board of directors of PubCo immediately prior to the merger or consolidation does not constitute at least a majority of the board of directors of the company surviving the merger or consolidation or, if the surviving company is a Subsidiary, the ultimate parent of such Subsidiary, or (B) all of the Persons who were the respective beneficial owners of the voting securities of PubCo immediately prior to such merger or consolidation do not beneficially own, directly or indirectly, more than 50% of the combined voting power of the then outstanding voting securities of the Person resulting from such merger or consolidation.

Notwithstanding the foregoing, a “Change of Control” shall not be deemed to have occurred by virtue of the consummation of any transaction or series of integrated transactions immediately following which the record holders of the Class A Common Stock, Class E Common Stock, Class M Common Stock, Class O Common Stock and Class V Common Stock of PubCo immediately prior to such transaction or series of transactions continue to have substantially the same proportionate ownership in and voting control over, and own substantially all of the shares of, an entity which owns all or substantially all of the assets of PubCo immediately following such transaction or series of transactions.

Change of Control Redemption” has the meaning set forth in Section 9.1(b)(i).

Change of Control Redemption Date” has the meaning set forth in Section 9.1(b)(iii).

 

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Class 1 Earnout Unit” means a unit having the rights and obligations specified with respect to a Class 1 Earnout Unit in this Agreement.

Class 2 Earnout Unit” means a unit having the rights and obligations specified with respect to a Class 2 Earnout Unit in this Agreement.

Class 3 Earnout Unit” means a unit having the rights and obligations specified with respect to a Class 3 Earnout Unit in this Agreement.

Class A Common Stock” means the class A common stock, par value $0.0001 per share, of PubCo.

Class B Common Stock” means the class B common stock, par value $0.0001 per share, of PubCo.

Class E Common Stock” means the class E-1 common stock, class E-2 common stock and class E-3 common stock, par value $0.0001 per share, of PubCo.

Class M Common Stock” means the class M common stock, par value $0.0001 per share, of PubCo.

Class O Common Stock” means the class O common stock, par value $0.0001 per share, of PubCo.

Class V Common Stock” means the class V common stock, par value $0.0001 per share, of PubCo.

Code” means the United States Internal Revenue Code of 1986.

Common Stock Value” means, with respect to any Change of Control Redemption, the greater of (x) the arithmetic average of the volume weighted average prices for a share of Class A Common Stock on the principal U.S. securities exchange or automated or electronic quotation system on which the Class A Common Stock trades, as reported by Bloomberg, L.P., or its successor, for each of the three consecutive full Trading Days ending on and including the last full Trading Day immediately prior to the related Redemption Date, subject to appropriate and equitable adjustment for any stock splits, reverse splits, stock dividends or similar events affecting the Class A Common Stock and (y) the price per share of Class A Common Stock offered by the Person or group that is the acquirer in the applicable Change of Control transaction. If the Class A Common Stock no longer trades on a securities exchange or automated or electronic quotation system, then the Common Stock Value shall be determined in good faith by a majority of the directors of PubCo that do not have an interest in the Redeemable Units subject to Redemption (or the corresponding shares of Class O Common Stock or Class V Common Stock).

Common Unit” means a unit having the rights and obligations specified with respect to a Common Unit in this Agreement.

Company” has the meaning set forth in the Preamble.

 

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Contribution Notice” has the meaning set forth in Section 9.1(a)(iv).

Converted Founder Units” has the meaning set forth in Section 3.15.

Converted Series A Units” has the meaning set forth in Section 3.16.

Delaware Act” means the Delaware Limited Liability Company Act, 6 Del. C. § 18-101, et seq.

Direct Exchange” has the meaning set forth in Section 9.1(f).

Discount” has the meaning set forth in Section 6.7.

Distribution” means each distribution made by the Company to a Unitholder, with respect to such Person’s Units, whether in cash, property or securities and whether by liquidating distribution, redemption, repurchase or otherwise. Notwithstanding anything in the foregoing, none of the following shall be deemed to be a Distribution under this Agreement: (i) any recapitalization, exchange or conversion of securities of the Company, and any subdivision (by unit split or otherwise) or any combination (by reverse unit split or otherwise) of any outstanding Units; and (ii) any repurchase of Units pursuant to any right of first refusal or similar repurchase right in favor of the Company.

Earnout Units” means the Class 1 Earnout Units, the Class 2 Earnout Units and the Class 3 Earnout Units.

Equity Agreement” has the meaning set forth in Section 3.2(a).

Equity Securities” means (i) any Units, capital stock, partnership, membership or limited liability company interests or other equity interests (including other classes, groups or series of equity interests having such relative rights, powers or obligations as may from time to time be established by the Manager, including rights, powers or duties different from, senior to or more favorable than existing classes, groups and series of Units, capital stock, partnership, membership or limited liability company interests or other equity interests, and including any profits interests), (ii) obligations, evidences of indebtedness or other securities or interests convertible or exchangeable into Units, capital stock, partnership interests, membership or limited liability company interests or other equity interests, and (iii) warrants, options or other rights to purchase or otherwise acquire Units, capital stock, partnership interests, membership or limited liability company interests or other equity interests. Unless the context otherwise indicates, the term “Equity Securities” refers to Equity Securities of the Company.

Event of Withdrawal” means the death, retirement, resignation, expulsion, bankruptcy or dissolution of a Member or the occurrence of any other event that terminates the continued membership of a Member in the Company.

Exchange Act” means the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.

Exchange Election Notice” has the meaning set forth in Section 9.1(f).

 

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Exchange Rate” means the number of shares of Class M Common Stock or Class A Common Stock for which one Common Unit may be redeemed pursuant to a Redemption. The Exchange Rate will also be used to determine the number of shares of Class V Common Stock or Class O Common Stock that a Member must surrender upon a Redemption or Direct Exchange. On the Execution Date, the Exchange Rate shall be 1.00, subject to adjustment pursuant to Section 9.2.

Fair Market Value” means, as of any date of determination, (i) with respect to a Unit, such Unit’s Pro Rata Share as of such date, (ii) with respect to a share of Class A Common Stock, the Common Stock Value as of such date, and (iii) with respect to any other non-cash assets, the fair market value for such property as between a willing buyer under no compulsion to buy and a willing seller under no compulsion to sell in an arm’s-length transaction occurring on such date, taking into account all relevant factors determinative of value (including in the case of securities, any restrictions on transfer applicable to such securities or, if such securities are traded on a securities exchange or automated or electronic quotation system, the quoted price for such securities as of the date of determination), as reasonably determined in good faith by the Manager.

First Redemption Time” means the expiration or earlier waiver of any lockup agreement in connection with the Transactions, including the Registration Rights Agreement.

Fiscal Period” means any interim accounting period within a Taxable Year established by the Manager and which is permitted or required by Code Section 706.

Fiscal Quarter” means each calendar quarter ending March 31, June 30, September 30 and December 31, or such other quarterly accounting period as may be established by the Manager or as required by the Code.

Fiscal Year” means the 12-month period ending on December 31, or such other annual accounting period as may be established by the Manager or as may be required by the Code.

Founder Conversion” has the meaning set forth in Section 3.15.

Founder Preferred Unit” means a unit having the rights and obligations specified with respect to a Founder Preferred Unit in this Agreement.

Governmental Entity” means the United States of America or any other nation, any state or other political subdivision of the United States of America, any other nation or any state, or any entity exercising executive, legislative, judicial, regulatory or administrative functions of government.

HSR Act” has the meaning set forth in Section 11.7.

Indemnitee” has the meaning set forth in Section 6.2.

Investment Company Act” means the Investment Company Act of 1940.

 

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Liens” means any and all liens, charges, security interests, options, claims, mortgages, pledges, proxies, voting trusts or agreements, obligations, understandings or arrangements, or other restrictions on title or transfer of any nature whatsoever.

Liquidation Assets” has the meaning set forth in Section 3.10.

Liquidation FMV” has the meaning set forth in Section 3.10.

Liquidation Statement” has the meaning set forth in Section 3.10.

Losses” means items of the Company loss and deduction determined according to Section 3.15.

Manager” has the meaning set forth in Section 5.1(a).

Member” means each Person listed on the Unit Ownership Ledger and any Person admitted to the Company as a Substituted Member or Additional Member in accordance with the terms and conditions of this Agreement, each in its capacity as a member of the Company; but in each case only for so long as such Person is shown on the Unit Ownership Ledger as the owner of one or more Units.

Minimum Gain” means the partnership minimum gain determined pursuant to Treasury Regulation Section 1.704-2(d).

Obligations” has the meaning set forth in Section 6.2.

Participating Units” means the Common Units and the Preferred Units.

Partnership Tax Audit Rules” means Code Sections 6221 through 6241 together with any guidance issued under such sections of the Code or successor provisions and any similar provision of state or local Tax laws.

Permitted Transferee” means, with respect to any Person, (i) any of such Person’s Affiliates and (ii) any direct or indirect partner, member, stockholder or other equityholder of such Person.

Person” means an individual, a partnership, a corporation, a limited liability company, an association, a joint stock company, a trust, a joint venture, an unincorporated organization, association or other entity or a Governmental Entity.

PIPE Agreement” has the meaning set forth in the Recitals.

PIPE Transactions” has the meaning set forth in the Recitals.

PR” has the meaning set forth in Section 7.4(a).

Preferred Unit” means a Founder Preferred Unit or a Series A Preferred Unit.

 

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Preferred Unit Peg Amount” with respect to any issued and outstanding Founder Preferred Unit means $10.00.

Prior Agreement” has the meaning set forth in the Recitals.

Pro Rata Share” means with respect to each Unitholder, the proportionate amount such Unitholder would receive if an amount equal to the Total Equity Value were distributed to all Unitholders in accordance with Section 4.1(b), as determined in good faith by the Manager.

Profits” means items of the Company income and gain determined according to Section 3.15.

PubCo” has the meaning set forth in the Preamble.

Recapitalization” has the meaning set forth in Section 3.1(a).

Redeemable Unit” means a Common Unit (other than any Earnout Unit) held by a Member (other than PubCo and its Subsidiaries). For the avoidance of doubt, Preferred Units are not Redeemable Units.

Redemption” has the meaning set forth in Section 9.1(a)(i).

Redemption Date” has the meaning set forth in Section 9.1(a)(iii).

Redemption Notice” has the meaning set forth in Section 9.1(a)(iii).

Redeemed Unit Amount” means, with respect to a Redemption, the number of Common Units set forth in the applicable Redemption Notice.

Registration Rights Agreement” means the Registration Rights Agreement, dated as of June 30, 2023, by and among PubCo and certain other parties to such agreement.

Regulatory Allocations” has the meaning set forth in Section 4.3(e).

Retraction Notice” has the meaning set forth in Section 9.1(a)(vi).

Securities Act” means the Securities Act of 1933.

Series A Conversion” has the meaning set forth in Section 3.16.

Series A Preferred Issuance” has the meaning set forth in the Recitals.

Series A Preferred Stock” means the series A preferred stock, par value $0.0001 per share, of PubCo.

Series A Preferred Unit” means a unit having the rights and obligations specified with respect to a Series A Preferred Unit in this Agreement.

 

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Sponsor Support Agreement” means the Sponsor Support Agreement, dated August 24, 2022, by and among Sponsor, BT Assets, and GSR II Meteora Acquisition Corp., as the same may be amended from time to time.

Subscriber” has the meaning set forth in the Recitals.

Subsidiary” means, with respect to any Person, any corporation, limited liability company, partnership, association or business entity of which (i) if a corporation, a majority of the total voting power of shares of stock entitled (without regard to the occurrence of any contingency) to vote in the election of directors, managers or trustees of such corporation is at the time owned or controlled, directly or indirectly, by that Person or one or more of the other Subsidiaries of that Person or a combination of the foregoing, or (ii) if a limited liability company, partnership, association or other business entity (other than a corporation), a majority of partnership or other similar ownership interests of such entity is at the time owned or controlled, directly or indirectly, by any Person or one or more Subsidiaries of that Person or a combination of the foregoing. For purposes of this Agreement and without limitation, a Person or Persons shall be deemed to have a majority ownership interest in a limited liability company, partnership, association or other business entity (other than a corporation) if such Person or Persons shall be allocated a majority of limited liability company, partnership, association or other business entity gains or losses or shall be or control the manager, managing member, managing director (or a board comprised of any of the foregoing) or general partner of such limited liability company, partnership, association or other business entity. For purposes of this Agreement, references to a “Subsidiary” of any Person shall be given effect only at such times that such Person has one or more Subsidiaries, and, unless otherwise indicated, the term “Subsidiary” refers to a Subsidiary of the Company.

Substituted Member” means a Person that is admitted as a Member to the Company pursuant to Section 3.15 in connection with the Transfer of Units to such Person permitted under the terms of this Agreement.

Takeover Laws” means any “moratorium,” “control share acquisition,” “business combination,” “fair price” or other form of anti-takeover laws and regulations of any jurisdiction that may purport to be applicable to this Agreement or the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, including any Redemption or Direct Exchange.

Tax” or “Taxes” means any federal, state, local or foreign income, gross receipts, franchise, estimated, alternative minimum, add-on minimum, sales, use, transfer, registration, value added, excise, natural resources, severance, stamp, occupation, premium, windfall profit, environmental, customs, duties, real property, personal property, capital stock, social security, unemployment, disability, payroll, license, employee or other withholding, or other tax, of any kind whatsoever, and any interest, penalties or additions to tax or additional amounts in respect of the foregoing.

Tax Distribution” has the meaning set forth in Section 4.1(a)(i).

Tax Distribution Conditions” has the meaning set forth in Section 4.1(a)(i).

 

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Tax Receivable Agreement” means the Tax Receivable Agreement dated as of June 30, 2023, by and among PubCo, the Company and BT Assets, as the same may be amended, restated or replaced from time to time.

Taxable Year” means the Company’s accounting period for U.S. federal income Tax purposes determined pursuant to Section 7.3.

Total Equity Value” means, as of any date of determination, the aggregate proceeds which would be received by the Unitholders if: (i) the assets of the Company were sold at their fair market value to an independent third-party on arm’s-length terms, with neither the seller nor the buyer being under compulsion to buy or sell such assets; (ii) the Company satisfied and paid in full all of its obligations and liabilities (including all Taxes, costs and expenses incurred in connection with such transaction and any amounts reserved by the Manager with respect to any contingent or other liabilities); and (iii) such net sale proceeds were then distributed in accordance with Section 4.1, all as determined by the Manager in good faith based upon the Common Stock Value as of such date.

Trading Day” means a day on which the principal U.S. securities exchange on which the Class A Common Stock is listed or admitted to trading is open for the transaction of business (unless such trading shall have been suspended for the entire day).

Transaction Agreement” has the meaning set forth in the Recitals.

Transaction Documents” means, collectively, this Agreement, the Registration Rights Agreement, the Sponsor Support Agreement and the Tax Receivable Agreement.

Transactions” has the meaning set forth in the Recitals.

Transfer” has the meaning set forth in Section 8.1.

Treasury Regulations” means the income Tax regulations promulgated under the Code and effective as of the Execution Date. Such term, if elected by the Manager, shall be deemed to include any future amendments to such regulations and any corresponding provisions of succeeding regulations (whether or not such amendments and corresponding provisions are mandatory or discretionary).

Unit” means a limited liability company interest in the Company of a Member or representing a fractional part of the interests in Profits, Losses and Distributions of the Company held by all Members, including Common Units, Preferred Units and Earnout Units.

Unit Ownership Ledger” has the meaning set forth in Section 3.1(b).

Unitholder” means any owner of one or more Units as reflected on the Company’s books and records.

 

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Unpaid Preferred Unit Peg Amount” with respect to any issued and outstanding Founder Preferred Unit means (a) the Preferred Unit Peg Amount of such Founder Preferred Unit minus (b) the aggregate amount of Distributions made in respect of such Founder Preferred Unit pursuant to Section 4.1(b)(i) (excluding, for the avoidance of doubt, any Tax Distributions).

Upstairs Class A Warrants” has the meaning set forth in Section 3.13(b).

Vesting Event” has the meaning set forth in Section 3.14(a).

Warrant Agreements” has the meaning set forth in Section 3.13(a).

Warrants” has the meaning set forth in Section 3.13(a).

ARTICLE II

ORGANIZATIONAL MATTERS

Section 2.1 Formation of LLC; Continuation. The Company was formed in the State of Delaware on March 17, 2023, pursuant to the provisions of the Delaware Act. Each Person listed on the Unit Ownership Ledger as a member of the Company on the Execution Date is admitted as (or shall continue as) a member of the Company.

Section 2.2 Limited Liability Company Agreement. The Members hereby execute this Agreement for the purpose of amending and restating the Prior Agreement and establishing the affairs of the Company and the conduct of its business in accordance with the provisions of the Delaware Act. The Members agree that until the Company is terminated in accordance with Section 11.4, the rights, powers and obligations of the Unitholders with respect to the Company will be determined in accordance with the terms and conditions of this Agreement and the Delaware Act. Notwithstanding the foregoing and anything else to the contrary, Section 18-210 of the Delaware Act (entitled “No Statutory Appraisal Rights”) shall not apply to or be incorporated into this Agreement and each Unitholder expressly waives any and all rights under such Section of the Delaware Act and, to the fullest extent permitted by law, Section 18-305(a) of the Delaware Act (entitled “Access to and Confidentiality of Information; Records”) shall not apply to or be incorporated into this Agreement and each Member expressly waives any and all rights under such Section of the Delaware Act. For the avoidance of doubt, the foregoing waiver of any and all rights by each Member under Section 18-305(a) of the Delaware Act is a restriction of the Members’ rights to obtain information, approved and adopted by all of the Members, as permitted under Section 18-305(g) of the Delaware Act.

Section 2.3 Name. The name of the Company shall be “BT HoldCo LLC”. The Manager may change the name of the Company at any time and from time to time. Notification of any such name change shall be given to all Unitholders. The Company’s business may be conducted under its name or any other name or names deemed advisable by the Manager.

Section 2.4 Purpose. The purpose and business of the Company shall be to manage and direct the business operations and affairs of the Company and its Subsidiaries and to engage in any other lawful acts or activities for which limited liability companies may be formed under the Delaware Act.

 

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Section 2.5 Principal Office; Registered Office. The principal office of the Company shall be located at such place inside or outside the state of Delaware as the Manager may from time to time designate, and, to the fullest extent permitted by law, all business and activities of the Company shall be deemed to have occurred at its principal office. The Company may maintain offices at such other place or places as the Manager deems advisable. The address of the registered office of the Company in the State of Delaware shall be the office of the initial registered agent named in the Certificate or such other office (which need not be a place of business of the Company) as the Manager may designate from time to time in the manner provided by applicable law, and the registered agent for service of process on the Company in the State of Delaware at such registered office shall be the registered agent named in the Certificate or such Person or Persons as the Manager may designate from time to time in the manner provided by applicable law.

Section 2.6 Term. The term of the Company commenced upon the filing of the Certificate with the office of the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware in accordance with the Delaware Act and shall continue in existence until the Company shall be dissolved in accordance with the provisions of Article XI. The existence of the Company as a separate entity shall continue until the cancellation of the Certificate in accordance with Section 11.4.

Section 2.7 No State-Law Partnership. The Unitholders intend that the Company not be a partnership (including a limited partnership) or joint venture, and that no Unitholder be a partner or joint venturer of any other Unitholder by virtue of this Agreement, for any purposes other than as set forth in the last sentence of this Section 2.7, and neither this Agreement nor any other document entered into by the Company or any Unitholder relating to the subject matter of this Agreement shall be construed to suggest otherwise. The Unitholders intend that the Company shall be treated as a partnership for U.S. federal and, if applicable, state or local income Tax purposes, and that each Unitholder and the Company shall file all Tax returns and shall otherwise take all Tax and financial reporting positions in a manner consistent with such treatment.

Section 2.8 Ratification and Specific Authorization of Transactions. Pursuant to the Transaction Agreement, the Company has undertaken, or has caused its Subsidiaries (as applicable) to undertake, or will undertake the Transactions. In connection therewith, (i) all actions taken to date, and any and all things done, by the Company, and by the Manager or any officer, employee or agent of the Company on behalf of the Company or its Subsidiaries, in furtherance of and consistent with the Transactions (including the execution and delivery of the Transaction Agreement and the recapitalization of the Company’s equity interests into Common Units and Founder Preferred Units), are in all respects confirmed to be authorized, approved and ratified and, to the extent not yet undertaken, and (ii) the Company, and the Manager or any officer, employee or agent of the Company on behalf of the Company or its Subsidiaries, is authorized to, or cause the Company’s Subsidiaries to, enter into and perform the Warrant Agreement, the Tax Receivable Agreement and any documents contemplated or related to such agreements and any amendments to such agreements, in each case, without any further act, vote or approval of any Person, including any Member or any Unitholder, notwithstanding any other provision of this Agreement.

 

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ARTICLE III

UNITS, CAPITAL CONTRIBUTIONS AND ACCOUNTS

Section 3.1 Units; Capitalization.

(a) Units; Capitalization. The Company shall have the authority to issue (i) an unlimited number of Common Units, (ii) a number of Founder Preferred Units equal to the BT HoldCo Preferred Unit Number (as defined in the Transaction Agreement) determined in accordance with Section 2.9(b) of the Transaction Agreement, (iii) a number of Series A Preferred Units equal to the number of shares of Series A Preferred Stock issued to Subscribers in accordance with the PIPE Agreement and (iv) (x) 5,526,666 Class 1 Earnout Units, (y) 5,526,666 Class 2 Earnout Units and (z) 5,526,666 Class 3 Earnout Units. Subject to the terms and conditions of the Transaction Agreement, (x) the Company shall first consummate the recapitalization of its issued and outstanding membership interests into the number of Common Units and Founder Preferred Units, respectively, determined in accordance with Section 2.9 of the Transaction Agreement (the “Recapitalization”), and (y) following the Recapitalization, the Company will issue Common Units, Series A Preferred Units and Warrants to PubCo in exchange for a cash contribution to the Company, such that immediately after completion of the Transactions and the PIPE Transactions and the issuance of Common Units, Series A Preferred Units and Warrants by the Company, the total number of Common Units held by PubCo will equal the total number of outstanding shares of Class A Common Stock, the total number of Series A Preferred Units held by PubCo will equal the total number of outstanding shares of Series A Preferred Stock and the total number of Common Units into which Warrants held by PubCo are exercisable will be equal to the total number of shares of Class A Common Stock for which outstanding warrants issued by PubCo are exercisable. The ownership by a Member of Participating Units shall entitle such Member to allocations of Profits and Losses and other items and Distributions of cash and other property as set forth in Article IV. For the avoidance of doubt, PubCo shall make cash contributions to the Company in respect of the Class A Common Stock and Series A Preferred Stock to be issued to the Subscribers at such times and in such amounts as are determined pursuant to the PIPE Agreement.

(b) Unit Ownership Ledger; Capital Contributions. The Manager shall create and maintain a ledger (the “Unit Ownership Ledger”) setting forth the name and address of each Unitholder and holder of Warrants, the number of each class of Units and Warrants held of record by each such Unitholder and holder of Warrants, and the amount of the Capital Contribution made (or deemed to have been made) with respect to each class of Units and the date of such Capital Contribution. Upon any change in the number or ownership of outstanding Units or Warrants (whether upon an issuance of Units or Warrants, a Transfer of Units or Warrants, a cancellation of Units or Warrants or otherwise), the Manager shall amend and update the Unit Ownership Ledger. Absent manifest error, the ownership interests recorded on the Unit Ownership Ledger shall be conclusive record of the Units and Warrants that have been issued and are outstanding. Each Unitholder named in the Unit Ownership Ledger has made (or shall be deemed to have made) Capital Contributions to the Company as set forth in the Unit Ownership Ledger in exchange for the Units specified in the Unit Ownership Ledger. Any reference in this Agreement to the Unit Ownership Ledger shall be deemed a reference to the Unit Ownership Ledger as amended and in effect from time to time.

 

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(c) Certificates; Legends. Units shall be issued in uncertificated form. However, at the request of any Member, the Manager may cause the Company to issue one or more certificates to any such Member holding Units representing in the aggregate the Units held by such Member. If any certificate representing Units is issued, then such certificate shall bear a legend substantially in the following form:

THIS CERTIFICATE EVIDENCES UNITS REPRESENTING A LIMITED LIABILITY COMPANY INTEREST IN BT HOLDCO LLC. THE LIMITED LIABILITY COMPANY INTEREST IN BT HOLDCO LLC REPRESENTED BY THIS CERTIFICATE HAS NOT BEEN REGISTERED UNDER THE U.S. SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, AS AMENDED, OR ANY NON-U.S. OR STATE SECURITIES LAWS AND MAY NOT BE OFFERED, SOLD, PLEDGED OR OTHERWISE TRANSFERRED EXCEPT IN COMPLIANCE THEREWITH. THE LIMITED LIABILITY COMPANY INTEREST IN BT HOLDCO LLC REPRESENTED BY THIS CERTIFICATE IS SUBJECT TO RESTRICTIONS ON TRANSFER SET FORTH IN THE AMENDED AND RESTATED LIMITED LIABILITY COMPANY AGREEMENT OF BT HOLDCO LLC, DATED AS OF JUNE 30, 2023, AS THE SAME MAY BE AMENDED FROM TIME TO TIME, A COPY OF WHICH SHALL BE FURNISHED BY THE COMPANY TO THE RECORD HOLDER OF SUCH UNITS UPON WRITTEN REQUEST AND WITHOUT CHARGE.

(d) BT Assets Units. Notwithstanding any other provision of this Agreement, all Units held by BT Assets, including the Common Units that were issued and outstanding and held by BT Assets prior to the Execution Date, the Common Units issued in connection with the Transactions and the Founder Preferred Units will be nonvoting Units. Except as set forth in the immediately preceding sentence, the Common Units and Founder Preferred Units that were issued and outstanding and held by the Members prior to the Execution Date shall remain unchanged.

(e) Series A Preferred Units. Notwithstanding any other provision of this Agreement, the Series A Preferred Units will be nonvoting Units.

Section 3.2 Authorization and Issuance of Additional Units.

(a) At PubCo’s sole direction (without the consent or approval of any other Member or Unitholder or any other Person), the Manager shall cause the Company to issue or create and issue at any time after the Execution Date, additional Units or other Equity Securities of the Company (including creating classes or series of Units or other Equity Securities having such powers, designations, preferences and rights, which in each case may be senior to existing Units or other Equity Securities of the Company or classes or series). Notwithstanding any other provision of this Agreement, including Section 12.2, the Manager shall make such amendments to this Agreement to provide for such powers, designations, preferences and rights as the Manager deems necessary or appropriate to give effect to such additional authorization or issuance in accordance with the foregoing provision. In connection with any issuance of Units (whether on or after the Execution Date), the Person who acquires such Units shall execute a counterpart to this Agreement accepting and agreeing to be bound by all terms and conditions of this Agreement, and shall enter into such other documents, instruments and agreements to effect such purchase as are required by the Manager (including such documents, instruments and agreements entered into on or prior to the Execution Date by the Members, each, an “Equity Agreement”).

(b) At any time PubCo issues one or more shares of Class A Common Stock (other than an issuance of the type covered by Section 3.2(c) or an issuance to a holder of Redeemable Units pursuant Article IX), PubCo shall contribute to the Company all of the net proceeds (if any) received by PubCo with respect to such share or shares of Class A Common Stock. Upon the

 

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contribution by PubCo to the Company of all of such net proceeds so received by PubCo, the Manager shall cause the Company to issue to PubCo a number of Common Units equal to the number of such shares of Class A Common Stock issued. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if PubCo issues any shares of Class A Common Stock to purchase or fund the purchase of Common Units from a Member (other than a Subsidiary of PubCo), then the Company shall not issue any new Common Units registered in the name of PubCo in accordance with Section 9.1(a) and PubCo shall not be required to transfer such net proceeds to the Company (it being understood that such net proceeds shall instead be transferred by PubCo to such other Member as consideration for such purchase). Notwithstanding the foregoing, this Section 3.2(b) shall not apply to the issuance and distribution to holders of shares of Class A Common Stock of rights to purchase Equity Securities of PubCo under a “poison pill” or similar shareholder rights plan (it being understood that (i) upon exchange of Redeemable Units for Class A Common Stock pursuant to Article IX, such Class A Common Stock would be issued together with any such corresponding right and (ii) in the event such rights to purchase Equity Securities of PubCo are triggered, PubCo will ensure that the holders of Common Units that have not been exchanged prior to such time will be treated equitably vis-à-vis the holders of Class A Common Stock under such plan).

(c) At any time PubCo issues one or more shares of Class A Common Stock in connection with an equity incentive program, whether such share or shares are issued upon exercise (including cashless exercise) of an option, settlement of a restricted stock unit, as restricted stock or otherwise, the Manager shall cause the Company to issue a corresponding number of Common Units, registered in the name of PubCo (determined based upon the Exchange Rate then in effect). Notwithstanding the foregoing, PubCo shall be required to contribute all (but not less than all) of the net proceeds (if any) received by PubCo from or otherwise in connection with such issuance of one or more shares of Class A Common Stock, including the exercise price of any option exercised, to the Company. If any such shares of Class A Common Stock so issued by PubCo in connection with an equity incentive program are subject to vesting or forfeiture provisions, then the Common Units that are issued by the Company to PubCo in connection therewith in accordance with the preceding provisions of this Section 3.2(c) shall be subject to vesting or forfeiture on the same basis; if any of such shares of Class A Common Stock vest or are forfeited, then a corresponding number of the Common Units (determined based upon the Exchange Rate then in effect) issued by the Company in accordance with the preceding provisions of this Section 3.2(c) shall automatically vest or be forfeited. Any cash or property held by PubCo or the Company or on any of such Person’s behalf in respect of dividends paid on restricted shares of Class A Common Stock that fail to vest shall be returned to the Company upon the forfeiture of such restricted shares of Class A Common Stock.

(d) For purposes of this Section 3.2, “net proceeds” means gross proceeds to PubCo from the issuance of Class A Common Stock or other securities less all reasonable bona fide out-of-pocket fees and expenses of PubCo, the Company and their respective Subsidiaries actually incurred in connection with such issuance.

Section 3.3 Repurchase or Redemption of Class A Common Stock. If, at any time, any shares of Class A Common Stock are repurchased or redeemed (whether by exercise of a put or call, automatically or by means of another arrangement) by PubCo for cash, then the Manager shall cause the Company, immediately prior to such repurchase or redemption of such shares, to redeem a corresponding number of Common Units held by PubCo (determined based upon the

 

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Exchange Rate then in effect), at an aggregate redemption price equal to the aggregate purchase or redemption price of the share or shares of Class A Common Stock being repurchased or redeemed by PubCo (plus any reasonable related expenses) and upon such other terms as are the same for the share or shares of Class A Common Stock being repurchased or redeemed by PubCo. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the provisions of this Section 3.3 shall not apply in the event that such repurchase or redemption of shares of Class A Common Stock is paired with a stock split or stock dividend such that after giving effect to such repurchase and subsequent stock split or stock dividend there shall be outstanding an equal number of shares of Class A Common Stock as were outstanding prior to such repurchase or redemption and subsequent stock split or stock dividend.

Section 3.4 Changes in Common Stock. In addition to any other adjustments required by any subdivision (by stock split, stock dividend, reclassification, recapitalization or otherwise) or combination (by reverse stock split, reclassification, recapitalization or otherwise) of Class A Common Stock, Class B Common Stock, Class E Common Stock, Class M Common Stock, Class O Common Stock, Class V Common Stock, Series A Preferred Stock or other capital stock of PubCo, any such subdivision or combination shall be accompanied by an identical subdivision or combination, as applicable, of the Common Units or other Equity Securities, as applicable. In connection with a subdivision or combination of the Common Units or other Equity Securities pursuant to this Section 3.4, subject to Section 12.2, the Manager shall have the power, without the approval of any other Member or Unitholder or any other Person, to make such amendments to this Agreement to reflect such subdivision or combination, as applicable, of the Common Units or other Equity Securities.

Section 3.5 Capital Accounts.

(a) Maintenance of Capital Accounts. The Company shall maintain a separate Capital Account for each Unitholder according to the rules of Treasury Regulation Section 1.704-1(b)(2)(iv). For this purpose, the Company may (in the discretion of the Manager), upon the occurrence of the events specified in Treasury Regulation Section 1.704-1(b)(2)(iv)(f), increase or decrease the Capital Accounts in accordance with the rules of such regulation and Treasury Regulation Section 1.704-1(b)(2)(iv)(g) to reflect a revaluation of the Company property. Without limiting the foregoing, each Unitholder’s Capital Account shall be adjusted, without duplication:

(i) by adding any additional Capital Contributions made by such Unitholder in consideration for the issuance of Units;

(ii) by deducting any amounts paid to such Unitholder in connection with the redemption or other repurchase by the Company of Units;

(iii) by adding any Profits allocated in favor of such Unitholder and subtracting any Losses allocated in favor of such Unitholder; and

(iv) by deducting any distributions paid in cash or other assets to such Unitholder by the Company.

 

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(b) Computation of Income, Gain, Loss and Deduction Items. For purposes of computing the amount of any item of the Company income, gain, loss or deduction to be allocated pursuant to Article IV and to be reflected in the Capital Accounts, the determination, recognition and classification of any such item shall be the same as its determination, recognition and classification for U.S. federal income Tax purposes (including any method of depreciation, cost recovery or amortization used for this purpose). However:

(i) the computation of all items of income, gain, loss and deduction shall include those items described in Code Section 705(a)(1)(B), Code Section 705(a)(2)(B) and Treasury Regulation Section 1.704-1(b)(2)(iv)(i), without regard to the fact that such items are not includable in gross income or are not deductible for U.S. federal income Tax purposes;

(ii) if the Book Value of any Company property is adjusted pursuant to Treasury Regulation Section 1.704-1(b)(2)(iv)(e), (f) or (s), the amount of such adjustment shall be taken into account as gain or loss from the disposition of such property;

(iii) items of income, gain, loss or deduction attributable to the disposition of the Company property having a Book Value that differs from its adjusted basis for Tax purposes shall be computed by reference to the Book Value of such property;

(iv) items of depreciation, amortization and other cost recovery deductions with respect to the Company property having a Book Value that differs from its adjusted basis for Tax purposes shall be computed by reference to the property’s Book Value in accordance with Treasury Regulation Section 1.704-1(b)(2)(iv)(g);

(v) to the extent an adjustment to the adjusted Tax basis of any of the Company’s asset pursuant to Code Sections 732(d), 734(b) or 743(b) is required pursuant to Treasury Regulation Section 1.704-1(b)(2)(iv)(m) to be taken into account in determining Capital Accounts, the amount of such adjustment to the Capital Accounts shall be treated as an item of gain (if the adjustment increases the basis of the asset) or loss (if the adjustment decreases such basis); and

(vi) this Section 3.15 shall be applied in a manner consistent with the principles of Treasury Regulation Sections 1.704-1(b)(2)(iv)(d), (f)(1), (h)(2) and (s).

Section 3.6 Negative Capital Accounts; No Interest Regarding Positive Capital Accounts. No Unitholder shall be required to pay to any other Unitholder or the Company any deficit or negative balance which may exist from time to time in such Unitholder’s Capital Account (including upon and after dissolution of the Company). Except as otherwise expressly provided in this Agreement, no Unitholder shall be entitled to receive interest from the Company in respect of any positive balance in its Capital Account, and no Unitholder shall be liable to pay interest to the Company or any Unitholder in respect of any negative balance in its Capital Account.

Section 3.7 No Withdrawal. No Person shall be entitled to withdraw any part of such Person’s Capital Contributions or Capital Account or to receive any Distribution from the Company, except as expressly provided in this Agreement.

 

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Section 3.8 Loans From Unitholders. Loans by Unitholders to the Company shall not be considered Capital Contributions. If any Unitholder shall loan funds to the Company in excess of the amounts required under this Agreement to be contributed by such Unitholder to the capital of the Company, the making of such loans shall not result in any increase in the amount of the Capital Account of such Unitholder. The amount of any such loans shall be a debt of the Company to such Unitholder and shall be payable or collectible in accordance with the terms and conditions upon which such loans are made.

Section 3.9 Adjustments to Capital Accounts for Distributions In-Kind. To the extent that the Company distributes property in-kind to the Members, the Company shall be treated as making a distribution equal to the Fair Market Value of such property (as of the date of such distribution) for purposes of Section 4.1 and such property shall be treated as if it were sold for an amount equal to its Fair Market Value and any resulting gain or loss shall be allocated to the Members’ Capital Accounts in accordance with Section 4.2 through Section 4.4.

Section 3.10 Transfer of Capital Accounts. The original Capital Account established for each Substituted Member shall be in the same amount as the Capital Account of the Member (or portion of such amount) to which such Substituted Member succeeds at the time such Substituted Member is admitted to as a Member of the Company. The Capital Account of any Member whose interest in the Company shall be increased or decreased by means of (a) the Transfer to it of all or part of the Units of another Member or (b) the repurchase or forfeiture of Units pursuant to any Equity Agreement shall be appropriately adjusted to reflect such Transfer, repurchase or forfeiture. Any reference in this Agreement to a Capital Contribution of or Distribution to a Member that has succeeded any other Member shall include any Capital Contributions or Distributions previously made by or to the former Member on account of the Units of such former Member Transferred to such Member.

Section 3.11 Adjustments to Book Value. The Company shall adjust the Book Value of its assets to Fair Market Value in accordance with Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-1(b)(2)(iv)(f) as of the following times: (a) at the Manager’s discretion in connection with the issuance of Units in the Company in exchange for more than a de minimis Capital Contribution or for services performed on behalf of the Company; (b) at the Manager’s discretion in connection with the Distribution by the Company to a Member of more than a de minimis amount of the Company’s assets, including money; (c) the liquidation of the Company within the meaning of Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-1(b)(2)(ii)(g); (d) upon the conversion of any Earnout Units into Common Units in connection with a Vesting Event in accordance with principles similar to those set forth in Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-1(b)(2)(iv)(s); and (e) at such other times as the Manager determines necessary or appropriate to comply with Treasury Regulations Sections 1.704-1(b) and 1.704-2. Any such increase or decrease in Book Value of an asset shall be allocated as a Profit or Loss to the Capital Accounts of the Members under Section 12.2 (determined immediately prior to the event giving rise to the revaluation). If any Earnout Units are outstanding prior to the occurrence of a revaluation event described in this paragraph, the Company shall adjust the Book Values of its assets in accordance with principles similar to those set forth in Treasury Regulation Section 1.704-1(b)(2)(iv)(h)(2).

Section 3.12 Compliance With Section 1.704-1(b). The provisions of this Agreement relating to the maintenance of Capital Accounts are intended to comply with Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-1(b), and shall be interpreted and applied in a manner consistent with such Treasury Regulations. In the event the Manager shall determine that it is prudent to modify the manner in

 

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which the Capital Accounts are computed to comply with such Treasury Regulations, the Manager may make such modification, without the approval of any other Member or Unitholder or any other Person and notwithstanding anything in Section 12.2 to the contrary. The Manager also shall (a) make any adjustments that are necessary or appropriate to maintain equality between the Capital Accounts of the Members and the amount of the Company capital reflected on the Company’s balance sheet, as computed for book purposes, in accordance with Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-1(b)(iv)(g), and (b) make any appropriate modifications in the event unanticipated events might otherwise cause this Agreement not to comply with Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-1(b).

Section 3.13 Warrants.

(a) On the Execution Date, in connection with the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Agreement, the Company has issued warrants to purchase Common Units (the “Warrants”) to PubCo as set forth on the Unit Ownership Ledger pursuant to warrant agreements (the “Warrant Agreements”) entered into between the Company and PubCo as of the Execution Date. Upon the valid exercise of a Warrant in accordance with the applicable Warrant Agreement, the Company shall issue to PubCo the number of Common Units, free and clear of all Liens (other than those arising under applicable securities laws and this Agreement), to be issued in connection with such exercise.

(b) If any holder of a warrant issued by PubCo to purchase shares of Class A Common Stock (the “Upstairs Class A Warrants”) exercises an Upstairs Class A Warrant, then PubCo agrees that it shall cause a corresponding exercise (including by effecting such exercise in the same manner, i.e., by payment of a cash exercise price or on a cashless basis) of a Warrant with similar terms held by it, such that the number of shares of Class A Common Stock issued in connection with the exercise of such Upstairs Class A Warrant shall equal the number of Common Units issued by the Company pursuant to the Warrant Agreement with PubCo, and the exercise price paid by PubCo shall be equal to the exercise price paid by the holder of the Upstairs Class A Warrant exercising such Upstairs Class A Warrant. PubCo agrees that it will not exercise any Warrants other than in connection with the corresponding exercise of an Upstairs Class A Warrant. In the event an Upstairs Class A Warrant is redeemed, the Company will redeem a Warrant with similar terms held by PubCo.

Section 3.14 Conversion or Forfeiture of Earnout Units.

(a) Earnout Vesting and Rights. The Earnout Units issued to BT Assets and PubCo shall be subject to conversion to Common Units (each, a “Vesting Event”) as follows:

(i) If at any time during the seven-year period following the Closing (as defined in the Transaction Agreement) (the “First Earnout Period”), the closing share price of the Class A Common Stock is greater than $12.00 over any 10 Trading Days (which may be consecutive or not consecutive) within any 20 consecutive Trading Days (the “First Milestone”), then each Class 1 Earnout Unit shall automatically and immediately be converted into one Common Unit after the occurrence of the First Milestone;

 

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(ii) If at any time during the First Earnout Period, the closing share price of the Class A Common Stock is greater than $14.00 over any 10 Trading Days (which may be consecutive or not consecutive) within any 20 consecutive Trading Days (the “Second Milestone”), then each Class 2 Earnout Unit shall automatically and immediately be converted into one Common Unit after the occurrence of the Second Milestone; and

(iii) If at any time during the 10-year period following the Closing (as defined in the Transaction Agreement) (the “Second Earnout Period”, and together with the First Earnout Period, the “Earnout Period”), the closing share price of the Class A Common Stock is greater than $16.00 over any 10 Trading Days (which may be consecutive or not consecutive) within any 20 consecutive Trading Days (the “Third Milestone”), then each Class 3 Earnout Unit shall automatically and immediately be converted into one Common Unit after the occurrence of the Third Milestone.

(b) Earnout Forfeiture. Any Class 1 Earnout Units or Class 2 Earnout Units that are not converted to Common Units as set forth in Sections 3.14(a)(i)-(ii) above, shall be automatically and immediately forfeited and cancelled upon the date of the expiration of the First Earnout Period. Any Class 3 Earnout Units that are unvested as of the end of the Second Earnout Period shall be forfeited upon the date of the expiration of the Second Earnout Period.

(c) Earnout Conversion and Class V Issuance. Upon the conversion of any Earnout Unit held by BT Assets to a Common Unit, PubCo will promptly (but in any event within five Business Days) issue an equal number of shares of Class V Common Stock to BT Assets.

(d) Earnout Conversion and Class A Issuance. Without duplication of any right under the Sponsor Support Agreement, upon the conversion of any Earnout Unit held by PubCo to a Common Unit, PubCo will promptly (but in any event within five Business Days) issue an equal number of shares of Class A Common Stock to Sponsor.

(e) Vesting Upon Change of Control. Notwithstanding the foregoing and subject to Section 3.14(b), upon a Change of Control during the Earnout Period, each Earnout Unit shall automatically be converted into one Common Unit immediately prior to the consummation of such Change of Control as follows:

(i) If the per share price of Class A Common Stock payable in connection with such Change of Control is less than $12.00, then each Earnout Unit held by BT Assets and PubCo shall be cancelled with no consideration or conversion into Common Unit and upon such cancellation each such Earnout Unit shall be of no further force and effect.

(ii) If the per share price of Class A Common Stock payable in connection with such Change of Control is at or higher than $12.00 and lower than $14.00, then each Class 1 Earnout Unit held by BT Assets and PubCo shall automatically and immediately be converted into one Common Unit and each Class 2 Earnout Unit and Class 3 Earnout Unit held by BT Assets and PubCo shall be cancelled with no consideration or conversion into Common Unit and upon such cancellation each such Class 2 Earnout Unit and Class 3 Earnout Unit shall be of no further force and effect.

 

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(iii) If the per share price of Class A Common Stock payable in connection with such Change of Control is at or higher than $14.00 and lower than $16.00, then each Class 1 Earnout Unit and Class 2 Earnout Unit held by BT Assets and PubCo shall automatically and immediately be converted into one Common Unit and each Class 3 Earnout Unit held by BT Assets and PubCo shall be cancelled with no consideration or conversion into Common Unit and upon such cancellation each such Class 3 Earnout Unit shall be of no further force and effect.

(iv) If the per share price of Class A Common Stock payable in connection with such Change of Control is at or higher than $16.00, then each Class 1 Earnout Unit, Class 2 Earnout Unit, and Class 3 Earnout Unit held by BT Assets and PubCo shall automatically and immediately be converted into one Common Unit.

(f) For the avoidance of doubt, in the event of a Change of Control, including where the consideration payable is other than a specified price per share, for purposes of determining whether the Earnout Units convert to Common Units or are cancelled in accordance with this Section 3.14, the per share price of Class A Common Stock payable in connection with such Change of Control will be calculated on a basis that takes into account the number of Earnout Units that will convert in connection with the Change of Control. That is, the ultimate price per share payable to all Class A Common Stock will be the same price per share used to calculate the number of Earnout Units that convert into Class A Common Stock.

Section 3.15 Conversion of Founder Preferred Units. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Agreement, each Founder Preferred Unit shall automatically be converted (a “Founder Conversion”) into one Common Unit (each, a “Converted Founder Unit”) upon the Unpaid Preferred Unit Peg Amount of such Founder Preferred Unit being reduced to $0.00. Any Founder Conversion shall occur automatically without any further action by the Company, the Manager, BT Assets or any other Person. Following any Founder Conversion, a holder of the resulting Converted Founder Unit will have the rights and obligations of a holder of a Common Unit with respect to such Converted Founder Unit, and, for the avoidance of doubt, the converted Founder Preferred Unit will cease to be issued or outstanding for all purposes hereunder.

Section 3.16 Conversion of Series A Preferred Units. Upon the conversion of any shares of Series A Preferred Stock held by a Subscriber into Class A Common Stock in accordance with the PIPE Agreement, then an equivalent number of PubCo’s Series A Preferred Units shall automatically be converted (a “Series A Conversion”) into Common Units on a one to one basis, such that the number of shares of Class A Common Stock issued in connection with such conversion of Series A Preferred Stock shall equal the number of Common Units (each, a “Converted Series A Unit”) issued by the Company to PubCo in connection with such Series A Conversion. The Series A Preferred Units are convertible into Common Units as set forth in the foregoing clause, only in connection with the corresponding conversion of Series A Preferred Stock into Class A Common Stock as set forth in the foregoing clause. Following any Series A Conversion, PubCo will have the rights and obligations of a holder of a Common Unit(s) with respect to such Converted Series A Unit(s), and, for the avoidance of doubt, the converted Series A Preferred Unit(s) will cease to be issued or outstanding for all purposes hereunder.

 

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ARTICLE IV

DISTRIBUTIONS AND ALLOCATIONS

Section 4.1 Distributions.

(a) Tax Distributions.

(i) Tax Distributions Generally. To the extent funds of the Company are legally available for distribution by the Company and such distribution would not be prohibited under any credit facility or any other agreement to which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is a party, in each case, as determined by the Manager in its reasonable discretion and subject to Section 4.6 (the “Tax Distribution Conditions”), with respect to each Fiscal Quarter (or portion of each Fiscal Quarter), the Company shall distribute to each Unitholder, an amount of cash (each a “Tax Distribution”) equal to such Unitholder’s Assumed Tax Liability for such Fiscal Quarter (or portion of such Fiscal Quarter); provided that, Tax Distributions shall be adjusted as necessary so that all Tax Distributions shall be made pro rata in accordance with each Unitholder’s relative ownership of Participating Units in an amount such that the Unitholder with the highest Assumed Tax Liability receives an amount equal to such Unitholder’s Assumed Tax Liability. Such Tax Distributions shall be made on a quarterly basis at least five days prior to the date on which any estimated tax payments are due with respect to the relevant Fiscal Quarter to permit each Unitholder (or the beneficial owners of any Unitholder) to timely pay its estimated tax obligations for the applicable Fiscal Quarter (or portion of such Fiscal Quarter). The Manager shall make, in its reasonable discretion, equitable adjustments (downward (but not below zero) or upward) to each Unitholder’s Tax Distributions (but in any event pro rata in proportion to each Unitholder’s respective number of Participating Units) to take into account increases or decreases in the number of Participating Units held by each Unitholder during the relevant period. The Manager shall be entitled to adjust subsequent Tax Distributions up or down to reflect any variation from its prior estimation of any Unitholder’s Assumed Tax Liability based on the receipt of subsequent information.

(ii) Impact of Failure to Satisfy Tax Distribution Conditions. In the event that due to the Tax Distribution Conditions the funds available for any Tax Distribution to be made under this Agreement are insufficient to pay the full amount of the Tax Distribution that would otherwise be required under Section 4.1(a)(i), the Company shall use its reasonable best efforts to distribute to the Unitholders the amount of funds that are available after application of the Tax Distribution Conditions on a pro rata basis (according to the amounts that would have been distributed to each Unitholder pursuant to Section 4.1(a)(i) if available funds (after application of the Tax Distribution Conditions) existed in a sufficient amount to make such Distribution in full). At any time thereafter when additional funds of the Company are available for Distribution after application of the Tax Distribution Conditions, the Company shall use its commercially reasonable efforts to distribute such funds to the Unitholders on a pro rata basis (according to the amounts that would have been distributed to each Unitholder pursuant to Section 4.1(a)(i) if available funds (after application of the Tax Distribution Conditions) had existed in a sufficient amount to make such Tax Distribution in full).

 

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(iii) Additional Tax Distributions. In the event of any audit by, or similar event with, a taxing authority that affects the calculation of any Unitholder’s Assumed Tax Liability for any Taxable Year (other than an audit conducted pursuant to the Partnership Tax Audit Rules for which no election is made pursuant to Code Section 6226 (or any similar provision of state or local law)), or in the event the Company files an amended tax return, each Unitholder’s Assumed Tax Liability with respect to such year shall be recalculated by giving effect to such event (for the avoidance of doubt, taking into account interest and penalties). Subject to the Tax Distribution Conditions, distributions shall be made pro rata on a per-Participating Unit basis in an amount such that each Unitholder receives an amount equal to any shortfall in the amount of Tax Distributions the Unitholders received for the relevant Taxable Years based on such recalculated Assumed Tax Liability, except, for the avoidance of doubt, to the extent Distributions were made to such Unitholders and former Unitholders pursuant to Section 4.1 (other than Section 4.1(b)(i)) in the relevant Taxable Years sufficient to cover such shortfall.

(b) Other Distributions. Except as otherwise set forth in Section 4.1(a) with respect to Tax Distributions but subject to compliance with Section 6.6 and Section 6.7, the Manager may cause the Company to make Distributions at such time, in such amounts and in such form (including in-kind property) as determined by the Manager, in each case in accordance with the following order of priority:

(i) first, to the holders of issued and outstanding Founder Preferred Units, pro rata in accordance with the Unpaid Preferred Unit Peg Amounts of all Founder Preferred Units held by each of them, until the Unpaid Preferred Unit Peg Amounts of each issued and outstanding Preferred Unit is reduced to $0.00; and

(ii) thereafter, to the holders of Participating Units, pro rata in accordance with the relative ownership of Participating Units of each such holder.

Section 4.2 Allocations.

(a) Subject to Section 4.3, Profits or Losses for any Fiscal Year shall be allocated among the Unitholders in such a manner as to reduce or eliminate, to the extent possible, any difference, as of the end of such Fiscal Year, between (i) the sum of (A) the Capital Account of each Unitholder, (B) such Unitholder’s share of Minimum Gain (as determined according to Treasury Regulation Section 1.704-2(g)) and (C) such Unitholder’s partner nonrecourse debt minimum gain (as defined in Treasury Regulation Section 1.704-2(i)(2)) and (ii) the respective net amounts, positive or negative, which would be distributed to them or for which they would be liable to the Company under this Agreement and the Delaware Act, determined as if the Company were to (x) liquidate the assets of the Company for an amount equal to their Book Value and satisfy the liabilities of the Company in cash (limited in the case of non-recourse liabilities to the Book Value of the assets securing such liabilities) and (y) distribute the proceeds of such liquidation pursuant to Section 11.2.

 

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(b) If during any Fiscal Year there is a change in any Unitholder’s interest in the Company as a result of the admission of one or more Members, the withdrawal of a Member, or a Transfer of an interest in the Company, the Profits, Losses, or any other item allocable to the Unitholders under this Agreement for the Fiscal Year shall be allocated among the Unitholders so as to reflect their varying interests in the Company during the Fiscal Year, using any permissible method under Section 706 of the Code and the Treasury Regulations, as reasonably selected by the Manager. In furtherance of the foregoing, any such permissible method selected by the Manager shall be set forth in a dated, written statement maintained with the Company’s books and records. The Unitholders agree that any such selection by the Manager is made by “agreement of the partners” within the meaning of Treasury Regulation Section 1.706-4(f).

Section 4.3 Special Allocations.

(a) Minimum Gain Chargeback. Losses attributable to partner nonrecourse debt (as defined in Treasury Regulation Section 1.704-2(b)(4)) shall be allocated in the manner required by Treasury Regulation Section 1.704-2(i). If there is a net decrease during a Taxable Year in partner nonrecourse debt minimum gain (as defined in Treasury Regulation Section 1.704-2(i)(2)), Profits for such Taxable Year (and, if necessary, for subsequent Taxable Years) shall be allocated to the Unitholders in the amounts and of such character as determined according to Treasury Regulation Section 1.704-2(i)(4).

(b) Unitholder Nonrecourse Debt Minimum Chargeback. Nonrecourse deductions (as determined according to Treasury Regulation Section 1.704-2(b)(1)) for any Taxable Year shall be allocated to each holder of Participating Units ratably among such Unitholders based upon their ownership of Participating Units. Except as otherwise provided in Section 4.3(a), if there is a net decrease in the Minimum Gain during any Taxable Year, each Unitholder shall be allocated Profits for such Taxable Year (and, if necessary, for subsequent Taxable Years) in the amounts and of such character as determined according to Treasury Regulation Section 1.704-2(f). This Section 4.3(b) is intended to be a Minimum Gain chargeback provision that complies with the requirements of Treasury Regulation Section 1.704-2(f), and shall be interpreted in a manner consistent therewith.

(c) Qualified Income Offset. If any Unitholder that unexpectedly receives an adjustment, allocation or distribution described in Treasury Regulation Section 1.704-1(b)(2)(ii)(d)(4), (5) and (6) has an Adjusted Capital Account Deficit as of the end of any Taxable Year, computed after the application of Section 4.3(a) and Section 4.3(b), but before the application of any other provision of this Article IV, then Profits for such Taxable Year shall be allocated to such Unitholder in proportion to, and to the extent of, such Adjusted Capital Account Deficit. This Section 4.3(c) is intended to be a qualified income offset provision as described in Treasury Regulation Section 1.704-1(b)(2)(ii)(d) and shall be interpreted in a manner consistent therewith.

(d) Allocation of Certain Profits and Losses. Profits and Losses described in Section 3.5(b)(v) shall be allocated in a manner consistent with the manner that the adjustments to the Capital Accounts are required to be made pursuant to Treasury Regulation Section 1.704-1(b)(2)(iv)(j), (k) and (m).

 

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(e) Regulatory Allocations. The allocations set forth in Sections 4.3(a)-(d) (the “Regulatory Allocations”) are intended to comply with certain requirements of Treasury Regulation Sections 1.704-1(b) and 1.704-2. The Regulatory Allocations may not be consistent with the manner in which the Unitholders intend to allocate Profit and Loss of the Company or make the Company distributions. Accordingly, notwithstanding the other provisions of this Article IV, but subject to the Regulatory Allocations, income, gain, deduction, and loss shall be reallocated among the Unitholders so as to eliminate the effect of the Regulatory Allocations and cause the respective Capital Accounts of the Unitholders to be in the amounts (or as close thereto as possible) they would have been if Profit and Loss (and such other items of income, gain, deduction and loss) had been allocated without reference to the Regulatory Allocations. In general, the Unitholders anticipate that this will be accomplished by specially allocating other Profit and Loss (and such other items of income, gain, deduction and loss) among the Unitholders so that the net amount of the Regulatory Allocations and such special allocations to each such Unitholder is zero. In addition, if in any Fiscal Year or Fiscal Period there is a decrease in partnership Minimum Gain, or in partner nonrecourse debt Minimum Gain, and application of the Minimum Gain chargeback requirements set forth in Section 4.3(a) or Section 4.3(b) would cause a distortion in the economic arrangement among the Unitholders, the Manager may, if it does not expect that the Company will have sufficient other income to correct such distortion, request the Internal Revenue Service to waive either or both of such Minimum Gain chargeback requirements. If such request is granted, this Agreement shall be applied in such instance as if it did not contain such Minimum Gain chargeback requirement.

(f) Deductions in Respect of Taxes. Any item of deduction with respect to a Tax that is offset for a Unitholder under Section 4.6 shall be allocated to the Unitholder for which such payment is to be offset. For the avoidance of doubt, all Tax deductions described in this Section 4.3(f) shall be taken into account in determining the amount of Tax Distribution made under the provisions of Section 4.1(a)(i).

(g) Non-Compensatory Options. Allocations and other adjustments with respect to any “non-compensatory options” (as defined in Treasury Regulation Section 1.721-2(f)), shall be made in accordance with the Treasury Regulations including Treasury Regulation Sections 1.721-2 and 1.704-1(b)(2)(iv)(s).

(h) Allocations Relating to Earnout Units. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Agreement, (i) no allocation (of Profit or Loss or otherwise) shall be made in respect of any Earnout Units in determining Capital Accounts unless and until such Earnout Units are converted into Common Units in connection with a Vesting Event, and (ii) in the event the Book Value of any Company asset is adjusted pursuant to Section 3.11(d), any Profit or Loss resulting from such adjustment shall be allocated among the Members (including the Members who held the Earnout Units giving rise to such adjustment) in accordance with principles similar to those set forth in Treasury Regulation Section 1.704-1(b)(2)(iv)(s)(2). To the extent necessary (as determined by the Manager), then the Company shall cause a Capital Account reallocation in accordance with principles similar to those set forth in Treasury Regulation Section 1.704-1(b)(2)(iv)(s)(3).

Section 4.4 Offsetting Allocations. If, and to the extent that, any Member is deemed to recognize any item of income, gain, deduction or loss as a result of any transaction between such Member and the Company pursuant to Sections 83, 482, or 7872 of the Code or any similar provision now or hereafter in effect, the Manager shall use its commercially reasonable efforts to allocate any corresponding Profit or Loss to the Member who recognizes such item to reflect the Members’ economic interest in the Company.

 

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Section 4.5 Tax Allocations.

(a) Allocations Generally. Except as provided in Section 4.5(b) below, for U.S. federal, state and local income Tax purposes, each item of income, gain, loss or deduction shall be allocated among the Unitholders in the same manner and in the same proportion that the corresponding book items have been allocated among the Unitholders’ respective Capital Accounts. However, if any such allocation is not permitted by the Code or other applicable law, then each subsequent item of income, gain, loss, deduction and credit will be allocated among the Unitholders so as to reflect as nearly as possible the allocation set forth in this Agreement in computing their Capital Accounts.

(b) Code Section 704(c) Allocations. Items of the Company taxable income, gain, loss and deduction with respect to any property contributed to the capital of the Company shall, solely for Tax purposes, be allocated among the Unitholders in accordance with Code Section 704(c) so as to take account of any variation between the adjusted basis of such asset for federal income Tax purposes and its initial Book Value. Such allocations shall be made (i) with respect to any property contributed to the Company on or prior to the Execution Date, using the “traditional method” specified in Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-3(b) unless otherwise determined by PubCo (and, to the extent such other method would accelerate payments under the Tax Receivable Agreement, the independent directors of PubCo) and (ii) with respect to any property contributed to the Company following the Execution Date, using any method selected by the Manager that is permitted under Section 704(c) of the Code and the Treasury Regulations. In addition, if the Book Value of any Company asset is adjusted pursuant to the requirements of Treasury Regulation Section 1.704-1(b)(2)(iv)(e), (f) or (s), then subsequent allocations of items of taxable income, gain, loss and deduction with respect to such asset shall take account of any variation between the adjusted basis of such asset for federal income Tax purposes and its Book Value in the same manner as under Code Section 704(c).

(c) Section 754 Election. The Company will make an election under Section 754 of the Code (or any comparable election under relevant state or local law) for its Taxable Year that includes or begins on the Execution Date to adjust the basis of the Company property as permitted and provided in Sections 734 and 743 of the Code. Such election shall be effective solely for federal (and, if applicable, state and local) income Tax purposes and shall not result in any adjustment to the Book Value of any Company asset or to the Member’s Capital Accounts (except as provided in Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-1(b)(2)(iv)(m)).

(d) Allocation of Tax Credits, Tax Credit Recapture, Etc. Allocations of Tax credits, Tax credit recapture, and any related items shall be allocated to the Unitholders according to their interests in such items as determined by the Manager taking into account the principles of Treasury Regulation Section 1.704-1(b)(4)(ii) and (viii).

(e) Corrective Allocations. If necessary, the Company will make corrective allocations as set forth in Treasury Regulation Section 1.704-1(b)(4)(x). Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, if pursuant to Section 4.3(h) the Company causes a Capital Account reallocation in accordance with principles similar to those set forth in Treasury Regulation Section 1.704-1(b)(2)(iv)(s)(3), the Company shall make corrective allocations in accordance with principles similar to those set forth in Treasury Regulation Section 1.704-1(b)(4)(x).

 

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(f) Effect of Allocations. Allocations pursuant to this Section 4.5 are solely for purposes of U.S. federal, state and local Taxes and shall not affect, or in any way be taken into account in computing, any Unitholder’s Capital Account or share of Profits, Losses, Distributions (other than Tax Distributions) or other items pursuant to any provision of this Agreement.

Section 4.6 Indemnification and Reimbursement for Payments on Behalf of a Unitholder. Except as otherwise provided in Article VI, if the Company is required by law to make any payment to a Governmental Entity that is specifically attributable to a Unitholder or a Unitholder’s status as such (including U.S. federal withholding Taxes, state personal property Taxes, and state unincorporated business Taxes), then such Unitholder shall indemnify the Company for, and contribute to the Company, the entire amount paid (including interest, penalties and related expenses). The Manager may offset Distributions or other amounts to which a Person is otherwise entitled under this Agreement against such Person’s obligation to indemnify the Company under this Section 4.6 or with respect to any other amounts owed by the Unitholder to the Company or any of its Subsidiaries. A Unitholder’s obligation to indemnify and make contributions to the Company under this Section 4.6 shall survive the termination, dissolution, liquidation and winding up of the Company, and for purposes of this Section 4.6, the Company shall be treated as continuing in existence, and will survive any partial or complete Transfer or redemption of the Unitholder’s interest in the Company. The Company may pursue and enforce all rights and remedies it may have against each Unitholder under this Section 4.6, including instituting a lawsuit to collect such indemnification and contribution, with interest calculated at a rate equal to the Base Rate plus three percentage points per annum (but not in excess of the highest rate per annum permitted by law), compounded on the last day of each Fiscal Quarter.

ARTICLE V

MANAGEMENT AND CONTROL OF BUSINESS

Section 5.1 Management.

(a) Establishment. Except as otherwise specifically provided in this Agreement or by non-waivable provision of the Delaware Act, the business, property and affairs of the Company shall be managed, operated and controlled by the sole manager of the Company (the “Manager”), which shall initially be Brandon Mintz; provided, that if Brandon Mintz is no longer employed by PubCo, the Company or any of their respective controlled Affiliates, then a replacement shall be designated by PubCo. If, from time to time, the Manager cannot serve or is unwilling to serve as such, then a replacement shall be designated by PubCo. Except as otherwise expressly provided by this Agreement, including by Section 5.1(b), no Member shall have management authority or voting or other rights over, or any other ability to take part in the conduct or control of the business of, the Company. The Manager shall be a “manager” for purposes of the Delaware Act.

(b) Powers. The Manager is, to the extent of its rights and powers set forth in this Agreement, an agent of the Company for the purpose of the Company’s business, and the actions of the Manager taken in accordance with such rights and powers shall bind the Company (and no other Member shall have such right). The Manager shall have all necessary powers to carry out the purposes, business and objectives of the Company; provided, that the Manager shall exercise such powers as directed by PubCo (in its sole discretion without the consent or approval of any other Member or Unitholder or any other Person). The Manager may delegate the authority to sign

 

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agreements and other documents and take other actions on behalf of the Company to any Person (including any other Member, officer or employee of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries) to enter into and perform any document on behalf of the Company. Without limiting the foregoing, the Manager shall not effect any of the following actions by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries in one or a series of related transactions, in each case without the consent or approval of PubCo: (i) any sale, lease, transfer, exchange or other disposition of any, all or substantially all of the assets of the Company (including the exercise or grant of any conversion, option, privilege or subscription right or any other right available in connection with any assets at any time held by the Company); (ii) any merger, consolidation, division, reorganization or other combination of the Company with or into another entity; (iii) any acquisition; (iv) any issuance of debt or equity securities; or (v) any incurrence of indebtedness. Except for any vote, consent or approval of any Unitholder expressly required by this Agreement, if a vote, consent or approval of the Unitholders is required by the Delaware Act or other applicable law with respect to any action to be taken by the Company or matter considered by the Manager, each Unitholder will be deemed to have consented to or approved such action or voted on such matter in accordance with the consent or approval of PubCo on such action or matter.

(c) Limited Liability. The Manager will not be (i) personally liable under any judgement of a court, or in any other manner, for any debt, obligation or liability of the Company, whether that debt, obligation or liability arises in contract, tort or otherwise, for any act or omission performed or omitted by such Person in its capacity as the Manager, or (ii) liable to the Company or any Member for any loss or damage sustained by the Company or any Member, for any act or omission performed or omitted by such Person in its capacity as the Manager; provided, that, in each case, such limitation of liability shall not apply to the extent the act or omission was attributable to such Person’s fraud or bad faith as determined by a final judgment, order or decree of an arbitrator or a court of competent jurisdiction (which is not appealable or with respect to which the time for appeal therefrom has expired and no appeal has been perfected).

(d) Discharge of Duties; Reliance on Reports. The Manager may rely and shall be protected in acting or refraining from acting upon any resolution, certificate, statement, instrument, opinion, report, notice, request, consent, order, bond, debenture or other paper or document believed by it in good faith to be genuine and to have been signed or presented to the Manager. The Manager may consult with legal counsel, accountants, appraisers, management consultants, investment bankers and other consultants and advisors of the Company. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary herein, in no event shall the Manager be responsible or liable to the Company or any Member for any mistake, action, inaction, misconduct, negligence, fraud or bad faith on the part of any Person delivering such document, advice or opinion as provided in this Section 5.1(d) unless the Manager had knowledge that such Person was acting unlawfully or engaging in fraud.

(e) Reliance by Third Parties. Any Person dealing with the Company, other than a Unitholder, may rely on the authority of the Manager (or any Officer authorized by the Manager) in taking any action in the name of the Company without inquiry into the provisions of this Agreement or compliance with this Agreement, regardless of whether that action actually is taken in accordance with the provisions of this Agreement. Every agreement, instrument or document executed by the Manager (or any Officer authorized by the Manager) in the name of the Company with respect to any business or property of the Company shall be conclusive evidence in favor of any Person relying thereon or claiming thereunder that (i) at the time of the execution or delivery

 

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thereof, this Agreement was in full force and effect, (ii) such agreement, instrument or document was duly executed according to this Agreement and is binding upon the Company and (iii) the Manager or such Officer was duly authorized and empowered to execute and deliver such agreement, instrument or document for and on behalf of the Company.

Section 5.2 Investment Company Act. The Manager shall use reasonable best efforts to ensure that the Company shall not be subject to registration as an investment company pursuant to the Investment Company Act.

Section 5.3 Officers.

(a) Officers. Unless determined otherwise by the Manager, the officers of the Company shall be a Chief Executive Officer, a President, a Chief Financial Officer, a Treasurer and a Secretary and each other officer of PubCo shall also be an officer of the Company, with the same title. All officers shall be designated by PubCo and the Manager shall take all necessary action to appoint such officers, each of which shall hold office until their successors are appointed by the Manager in accordance with this Section 5.3(a). Two or more offices may be held by the same individual. The officers of the Company may be removed by the Manager at any time for any reason or no reason with the prior approval of PubCo.

(b) Other Officers and Agents. PubCo may designate, and the Manager shall take all necessary to appoint, such other officers and agents as it may deem necessary or advisable, who shall hold their offices for such terms and shall exercise such powers and perform such duties as shall be determined from time to time by PubCo.

(c) Chief Executive Officer. The Chief Executive Officer shall be the chief executive officer of the Company and shall have the general powers and duties of supervision and management usually vested in the office of a chief executive officer of a company. He or she shall preside at all meetings of Members if present at such meeting.

(d) President. The President shall be the chief executive officer of the Company in the absence of the Chief Executive Officer. In general, the President shall perform all duties incident to the office of President and such other duties as may be prescribed from time to time by the Manager.

(e) Chief Financial Officer. The Chief Financial Officer shall be the chief financial officer of the Company and shall keep and maintain or cause to be kept and maintained adequate and correct books and records of accounts of the properties and business transactions of the Company. The books of account shall at all times be open to inspection by the Manager. The Chief Financial Officer shall deposit all monies and other valuables in the name of, and to the credit of, the Company with such depositaries as may be designated by the Manager.

(f) Treasurer. The Treasurer shall have the custody of Company funds and securities and shall keep full and accurate account of receipts and disbursements. He or she shall deposit all moneys and other valuables in the name and to the credit of the Company in such depositaries as may be designated by the Manager or the Chief Executive Officer. The Treasurer shall disburse the funds of the Company as may be ordered by the Manager or the Chief Executive Officer, taking proper vouchers for such disbursements. He or she shall render to the Manager and the Chief

 

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Executive Officer whenever either of them may request it, an account of all his or her transactions as Treasurer and of the financial condition of the Company. If required by the Manager, the Treasurer shall give the Company a bond for the faithful discharge of his or her duties in such amount and with such surety as the Manager shall prescribe.

(g) Secretary. The Secretary shall give, or cause to be given, notice of all meetings of Members and all other notices required by applicable law or by this Agreement, and in case of his or her absence or refusal or neglect so to do, any such notice may be given by any person thereunto directed by the Chief Executive Officer, or by the Manager. He or she shall record all the proceedings of the meetings of the Company, and shall perform such other duties as may be assigned to him or her by the Manager or by the Chief Executive Officer.

(h) Other Officers. Other officers, if any, shall have such powers and shall perform such duties as shall be assigned to them, respectively, by the Manager or by the Chief Executive Officer.

Section 5.4 Fiduciary Duties.

(a) Members and Unitholders. To the fullest extent permitted by law, including Section 18-1101(e) of the Delaware Act, and notwithstanding any duty otherwise existing at law or in equity, no Member or Unitholder, solely in its capacity as such, shall owe any fiduciary duty to the Company, the Manager, any other Member, any Unitholder or any other Person bound by this Agreement. Nonetheless, the foregoing shall not eliminate the implied contractual covenant of good faith and fair dealing. Nothing in this Section 5.4(a) shall limit the liabilities, duties or obligations of any Member or Unitholder acting in his or her capacity as an officer or Manager pursuant to any other provision of this Agreement.

(b) Manager and Officers. Notwithstanding any other provision to the contrary in this Agreement, except as set forth in the last sentence of Section 5.1(a) or Section 5.4(c), (i) the Manager shall, in its capacity as such, and not in any other capacity, have the same fiduciary duties to the Company and the Unitholders and Members as members of a board of directors of a Delaware corporation; and (ii) each officer of the Company shall, in his or her capacity as such, and not in any other capacity, have the same fiduciary duties to the Company and the Unitholders and Members as an officer of a Delaware corporation. For the avoidance of doubt, the fiduciary duties described in clause (i) above shall not be limited by the fact that the Manager shall be permitted to take certain actions in its sole or reasonable discretion pursuant to the terms of this Agreement or any agreement entered into in connection herewith.

(c) Waiver. Any duties and liabilities set forth in this Agreement shall replace those existing at law or in equity and each of the Company, each Member and Unitholder and any other Person bound by this Agreement, to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, including Section 18-1101(e) of the Delaware Act, waives the right to make any claim, bring any action or seek any recovery based on any duties or liabilities existing at law or in equity other than any such duties and liabilities set forth in this Agreement.

 

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ARTICLE VI

EXCULPATION AND INDEMNIFICATION

Section 6.1 Exculpation.

(a) Actions in Capacity as a Member or Unitholder. To the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, and except as otherwise expressly provided in this Agreement, no Member, Unitholder or its respective Indemnitees shall be liable to the Company, any Member, any Unitholder or any other Person bound by this Agreement as a result of or arising out any action of or omission by such Member or Unitholder solely in its capacity as a Member or Unitholder, except to the extent such Obligations arise out of such Member’s (1) material breach of this Agreement or any other Transaction Document or (2) bad faith violation of the implied contractual covenant of good faith and fair dealing, in each case as determined by a final judgment, order or decree of an arbitrator or a court of competent jurisdiction (which is not appealable or with respect to which the time for appeal therefrom has expired and no appeal has been perfected).

(b) Other Actions. To the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, and except as otherwise expressly provided in this Agreement, no Indemnitee shall be liable to the Company, any Member, any Unitholder or any other Person bound by this Agreement as a result of or arising out of the activities of the Indemnitee on behalf of the Company to the extent within the scope of the authority reasonably believed by such Indemnitee to be conferred on such Indemnitee, except to the extent such Indemnitee would not be entitled to exculpation or indemnification pursuant to the certificate of incorporation and bylaws of PubCo (as the same may be amended from time to time).

Section 6.2 Indemnification. To the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, each of (a) the Manager, (b) the Unitholders and Members and their respective Affiliates, (c) the stockholders, members, managers, directors, officers, partners, employees and agents of the Unitholders, Members and their respective Affiliates, (d) the PR and any “designated individual” and (e) the officers and directors of PubCo, the Company and each of their Subsidiaries (each, an “Indemnitee”) shall be indemnified and held harmless by the Company from and against any and all losses, claims, damages, liabilities, expenses (including legal fees and expenses), judgments, fines, settlements and other amounts arising from any and all claims, demands, actions, suits or proceedings, civil, criminal, administrative or investigative (collectively, “Obligations”), which at any time may be imposed on, incurred by, or asserted against, the Indemnitee as a result of or arising out of this Agreement, PubCo, the Company, their respective assets, businesses or affairs, or the activities of the Indemnitee on behalf of PubCo, the Company or any of their Subsidiaries to the extent within the scope of the authority reasonably believed to be conferred on such Indemnitee. However: (x) to the extent such Indemnitee is not entitled to exculpation with respect to such Obligations pursuant to Section 6.1, the Indemnitee shall not be entitled to indemnification for any such Obligations to the extent such Indemnitee would not be entitled to exculpation or indemnification pursuant to the certificate of incorporation and bylaws of PubCo (as the same may be amended from time to time); and (y) to the extent such Indemnitee is entitled to exculpation with respect to such Obligations pursuant to Section 6.1, the Indemnitee shall not be entitled to indemnification for any such Obligations to the extent they arise out of such Indemnitee’s (1) material breach of this Agreement or any other Transaction Document or (2) bad faith violation of the implied contractual covenant of good faith and fair dealing. The termination of any action,

 

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suit or proceeding by judgment, order, settlement, conviction, or upon a plea of nolo contendere, or its equivalent, shall not, of itself, create a presumption that the Indemnitee was not entitled to indemnification under this Agreement. Any indemnification pursuant to this Section 6.2 shall be made only out of the assets of the Company and no Member shall have any personal liability on account thereof.

Section 6.3 Expenses. Expenses (including reasonable legal fees and expenses) incurred by an Indemnitee in defending any claim, demand, action, suit or proceeding described in Section 6.2 shall, from time to time, be advanced by the Company prior to the final disposition of such claim, demand, action, suit or proceeding, upon receipt by the Company of an undertaking by or on behalf of the Indemnitee to repay such amount if it shall be determined that the Indemnitee is not entitled to be indemnified as provided in Section 6.2. Any such undertaking shall be unsecured and interest free and shall be accepted without regard to an Indemnitee’s ability to repay amounts advanced and without regard to an Indemnitee’s entitlement to indemnification.

Section 6.4 Non-Exclusivity; Savings Clause. The indemnification and advancement of expenses set forth in Section 6.2 and Section 6.3 shall not be exclusive of any other rights to which those seeking indemnification or advancement of expenses may be entitled under any other agreement, policy of insurance or otherwise. The indemnification and advancement of expenses set forth in Section 6.2 and Section 6.3 shall continue as to an Indemnitee who has ceased to be a named Indemnitee and shall inure to the benefit of the heirs, executors, administrators, successors and permitted assigns of such a Person. If Section 6.1, Section 6.2 or Section 6.3 or any portion of this Agreement shall be invalidated on any ground by any court of competent jurisdiction, then the Company shall nevertheless exculpate, indemnify and advance expenses each Indemnitee to the fullest extent permitted by any applicable portion of such sections not so invalidated and to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law. The exculpation, indemnification and advancement of expenses provisions set forth in Section 6.1, Section 6.2 and Section 6.3 shall be deemed to be a contract between the Company and each of the Persons constituting Indemnitees at any time while such provisions remain in effect, whether or not such Person continues to serve in such capacity and whether or not such Person is a party to this Agreement. In addition, none of Section 6.1Section 6.2 and Section 6.3 may be retroactively amended to adversely affect the rights of any Indemnitee arising in connection with any acts, omissions, facts or circumstances occurring prior to such amendment.

Section 6.5 Insurance. The Company may purchase and maintain insurance on behalf of the Indemnitees against any liability asserted against them and incurred by them in such capacity, or arising out of their status as Indemnitees, whether or not the Company would have the power to indemnify them against such liability under this Article VI.

Section 6.6 Manager Reimbursement. Without limiting any compensation to which the Manager may otherwise be entitled under any other arrangement with PubCo, the Company, or any of their respective Subsidiaries, the Manager shall not be compensated for its services as the Manager of the Company except as expressly provided in this Agreement. The Manager shall be reimbursed by the Company for any reasonable out-of-pocket expenses incurred on behalf of the Company, including all fees, expenses and costs associated with the Transactions (except as otherwise provided in the Transaction Agreement). To the extent practicable, expenses incurred by the Manager on behalf of or for the benefit of the Company shall be billed directly to and paid

 

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by the Company. To the extent permitted by applicable law, any reimbursements to the Manager or any of its Affiliates by the Company pursuant to this Section 6.6 shall not constitute gross income to the Manager and shall instead be treated as a repayment of advances made by the Manager on behalf of the Company.

Section 6.7 PubCo Reimbursement. PubCo shall be reimbursed by the Company for any reasonable out-of-pocket expenses incurred on behalf of the Company, including all fees, expenses and costs associated with the Transactions (except as otherwise provided in the Transaction Agreement) and all fees, expenses and costs of being a public company (including public reporting obligations, proxy statements, stockholder meetings, Stock Exchange fees, transfer agent fees, legal fees, Securities and Exchange Commission and Financial Industry Regulatory Authority filing fees and offering expenses) and maintaining its corporate existence. In the event that shares of Class A Common Stock are sold to underwriters in any offering at a price per share that is lower than the price per share for which such shares of Class A Common Stock are sold to the public after taking into account underwriters’ discounts or commissions and brokers’ fees or commissions (such difference, the “Discount”), (a) PubCo shall be deemed to have contributed to the Company in exchange for newly issued Common Units the full amount for which such shares of Class A Common Stock were sold to the public, and (b) the Company shall be deemed to have paid the Discount as an expense. To the extent practicable, expenses incurred by PubCo on behalf of or for the benefit of the Company shall be billed directly to and paid by the Company. To the extent permitted by applicable law, any reimbursements to PubCo or any of its Affiliates by the Company pursuant to this Section 6.7 shall not constitute gross income to PubCo and shall instead be treated as a repayment of advances made by PubCo on behalf of the Company; provided, however, that if any such reimbursements do constitute gross income to PubCo, such amounts shall be treated as “guaranteed payments” within the meaning of Code Section 707(c) and shall not be treated as distributions for purposes of computing the Members’ Capital Accounts. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Company shall not bear any income tax obligations of PubCo or any payments made pursuant to the Tax Receivable Agreement.

ARTICLE VII

ACCOUNTING AND RECORDS; TAX MATTERS

Section 7.1 Accounting and Records. The books and records of the Company shall be made and maintained, and the financial position and the results of its operations recorded, at the expense of the Company, in accordance with such method of accounting as is determined by the Manager. The books and records of the Company shall reflect all Company transactions and shall be made and maintained in a manner that is appropriate and adequate for the Company’s business.

Section 7.2 Preparation of Tax Returns; Administrative Matters.

(a) The Company shall arrange for the preparation and timely filing of all Tax returns required to be filed by the Company, and making any elections described in Section 7.3. Each Unitholder shall furnish to the Company all pertinent information in its possession relating to the Company’s operations that is necessary to enable the Company’s income Tax returns to be prepared and filed.

 

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(b) The Company shall deliver to each Unitholder (A) preliminary information relating to the Company (including a draft Schedule K-1) that is necessary for the preparation of such Unitholder’s returns for federal and state income Tax and any other Tax reporting purposes for a Taxable Year no later than March 31 of the following Taxable Year and (B) such final information (including a final Schedule K-1) that is consistent in all respects with the estimates provided pursuant to clause (A) by August 1 of such following Taxable Year, subject to any reasonable comments received from BT Assets (provided BT Assets owns 5% or more of the outstanding Participating Units) that are received by May 31 of such following Taxable Year, which the Company shall consider in good faith. Subject to the preceding sentence, for so long as BT Assets owns 5% or more of the outstanding Participating Units, the Company shall (i) send a draft of any income tax return of the Company (other than the information and schedules referred to in the preceding sentence) to BT Assets, at least 15 days prior to filing, for review and comment, and (ii) consider in good faith all reasonable comments received from BT Assets at least five days prior to the due date for the filing of any such tax return.

(c) For so long as BT Assets owns 5% or more of the outstanding Participating Units, the Company shall use reasonable best efforts to provide (or cause to be provided), at the Company’s expense, such accounting, tax, legal, insurance and administrative support to BT Assets and its Affiliates as BT Assets may reasonably request.

Section 7.3 Tax Elections. The Taxable Year shall be the Fiscal Year unless the Manager shall determine otherwise. The Manager shall determine whether to make or revoke any available election pursuant to the Code. Each Unitholder will upon request supply any information necessary to give proper effect to such election.

Section 7.4 Tax Controversies.

(a) PubCo shall be the “partnership representative” (“PR”) of the Company for purposes of the Partnership Tax Audit Rules, and, as such, shall be authorized to designate any other Person selected by PubCo as the partnership representative. Each Member, by execution of this Agreement, consents to the appointment of PubCo (or its designee) as the PR as set forth in this Agreement and agrees to execute, certify, acknowledge, deliver, swear to, file and record, at the appropriate public offices, such documents as may be necessary or appropriate to evidence such consent and agrees to take, and that the PR is authorized to take (or cause the Company to take), such other actions as may be necessary pursuant to the Partnership Tax Audit Rules to cause such designation. The PR shall be authorized and required to represent the Company (at the Company’s expense) in connection with all audits and examinations of the Company’s affairs by Tax authorities, including resulting administrative and judicial proceedings, and to expend the Company’s funds for professional services reasonably incurred in connection therewith. In addition, the PR shall have the power and authority to (i) manage, control, settle, challenge, litigate, or prosecute, on behalf of the Company, any administrative proceedings or other action at the Company level with the Internal Revenue Service or any other taxing authority relating to the determination of any item of Company income, gain, loss, deduction, or credit for federal income tax purposes or otherwise relating to the Partnership Tax Audit Rules, and (ii) make any election under the Partnership Tax Audit Rules, and the PR shall have all other rights and powers granted under the Partnership Tax Audit Rules to a PR with respect to the Company and its Members. As long as BT Assets owns 5% or more of the outstanding Participating Units for the year in which

 

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any audit, examination or resulting proceeding takes place or for the year that is the subject of any audit, examination or resulting proceeding: (A) the PR shall notify BT Assets of, and keep BT Assets reasonably informed with respect to, any such audit, examination or resulting proceeding the outcome of which is reasonably expected to affect the tax liabilities of BT Assets; (B) BT Assets shall have the right to discuss with the PR, and provide input and comment to the PR regarding, any such audit, examination or resulting proceeding; and (C) neither the PR nor any designated individual shall settle or compromise any such audit, examination or resulting proceeding to the extent they relate to issues the resolution of which would reasonably be expected to have a material and disproportionately adverse effect on the tax liability of BT Assets without BT Assets’ consent (such consent not to be unreasonably withheld, conditioned or delayed). Each Unitholder agrees to reasonably cooperate with the Company and to do or refrain from doing any or all things reasonably requested by the Company with respect to the conduct of such proceedings. For each Taxable Year in which the PR is an entity, the Company shall appoint the “designated individual” identified by the PR to act on its behalf in accordance with the applicable Partnership Tax Audit Rules. Promptly following a request of the PR or designated individual, the Company shall, to the fullest extent permitted by law, reimburse and indemnify the PR and designated individual for all reasonable expenses, including legal and accounting fees, incurred by the PR or designated individual in its capacity as such.

(b) In the event of an audit by the Internal Revenue Service, or another applicable taxing authority, the PR shall be permitted to make, on a timely basis and to the extent permissible under applicable law, the election provided by Section 6226(a) of the Partnership Tax Audit Rules to treat a “partnership adjustment” as an adjustment to be taken into account by each Unitholder in accordance with Section 6226(b) of the Partnership Tax Audit Rules. If the election under Section 6226(a) of the of the Partnership Tax Audit Rules is made, each Unitholder who was a Unitholder of the Company for U.S. federal income tax purposes for the “reviewed year” (within the meaning of Code Section 6225(d)(1) of the Partnership Tax Audit Rules) shall take such adjustment into account as required under Section 6226(b) of the Partnership Tax Audit Rules and shall be liable for any related tax, interest, penalty, addition to tax, or additional amounts.

(c) In the event of an audit by the Internal Revenue Service or other applicable taxing authority, if the PR does not or is otherwise unable to make the election provided by Section 6226(a) of the Partnership Tax Audit Rules as noted above, the PR shall allocate the burden of any taxes (including, for the avoidance of doubt, any “imputed underpayment” within the meaning of Section 6225 of the Partnership Tax Audit Rules), penalties, interest and related expenses imposed on the Company pursuant to the Partnership Tax Audit Rules among the Unitholder to whom such amounts are attributable (whether as a result of their status, actions, inactions or otherwise), as reasonably determined by the PR and each Unitholder shall promptly upon request from the Manager (and in any event within five days of such request) reimburse the Company in full for the entire amount the PR determines to be attributable to such Unitholder. The Company will also be allowed to recover any amount due from such Unitholder pursuant to this Section 7.4(c) from any distribution otherwise payable to such Unitholder pursuant to this Agreement. Solely for purposes of determining the current Unitholder(s) to which any taxes or other amounts are attributable under this provision, references to any Unitholder in this Section 7.4(c) shall include a reference to each Person that previously held the Units currently held by such Unitholder (but only to the extent of such Person’s interest in such Units).

 

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(d) The PR is authorized to, and shall follow principles (to the extent available) similar to those set forth in Section 7.4(a), Section 7.4(b) and Section 7.4(c) with respect to any audits by state, local, or foreign tax authorities and any tax liabilities that result therefrom.

(e) This Section 7.4 shall be interpreted to apply to Members and former Members and shall survive the transfer of a Member’s Units, the termination of this Agreement, and the termination, dissolution, liquidation and winding up of the Company.

Section 7.5 Earnout Units. The parties to this Agreement intend that, for U.S. federal income tax purposes, unless otherwise required by the Code or Treasury Regulations, (a) the Earnout Units received by each of BT Assets and PubCo shall not be treated as being received in connection with the performance of services, (b) the receipt of Common Units on conversion of any Earnout Units upon a Vesting Event shall be treated in accordance with principles similar to those set forth in Treasury Regulation Section 1.721-2(a), and (c) neither BT Assets nor PubCo shall be treated as having taxable income or gain as a result of the receipt of such Earnout Units or as a result of any Vesting Event (other than as a result of corrective allocations made pursuant to the second sentence of Section 4.5(e)). The Company shall prepare and file all tax returns consistent therewith unless otherwise required by a “determination” within the meaning of Section 1313 of the Code. Notwithstanding the foregoing, each of BT Assets and PubCo may, within 30 days of the Closing Date (as defined in the Transaction Agreement), file with the IRS on a protective basis a completed election under Section 83(b) of the Code and the Treasury Regulations with respect to the Earnout Units.

ARTICLE VIII

TRANSFER OF UNITS; ADMISSION OF NEW MEMBERS

Section 8.1 Transfer of Units.

(a) Other than as provided for below in this Section 8.1, no Member may sell, assign, transfer, grant a participation in, pledge, hypothecate, encumber or otherwise dispose of (such transaction being in this Agreement collectively called a “Transfer”) all or any portion of its Units except with the approval of the Manager, which may be granted or withheld in its discretion.

(b) Notwithstanding Section 8.1(a) without the approval of the Manager (but otherwise in compliance with Section 8.1), a Member may, at any time, (i) Transfer any portion of such Member’s Units pursuant to Article IX, and (ii) Transfer any portion of such Member’s Units to a Permitted Transferee of such Member.

(c) Any Transfer of Units to a Permitted Transferee of such Member by a Member which also holds (x) Class V Common Stock must be accompanied by the transfer of a corresponding number of shares of Class V Common Stock (determined based upon the Exchange Rate then in effect) to such Permitted Transferee and (y) Class O Common Stock must be accompanied by the transfer of a corresponding number of shares of Class O Common Stock (determined based upon the Exchange Rate then in effect) to such Permitted Transferee.

(d) Any purported Transfer of all or a portion of a Member’s Units not complying with this Section 8.1 shall be void and shall not create any obligation on the part of the Company or the other Members to recognize that purported Transfer or to recognize the Person to which the Transfer purportedly was made as a Member.

 

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(e) A Person acquiring a Member’s Units pursuant to this Section 8.1 shall not be admitted as a Substituted Member or an Additional Member except in accordance with the requirements of Section 3.15, but such Person shall, to the extent of the Units transferred to it, be entitled to such Member’s (i) share of Distributions, (ii) share of Profits and Losses and (iii) Capital Account in accordance with Section 3.15.

(f) Notwithstanding anything in this Agreement to the contrary, if a Member Transfers all or any portion of its Units after the designation of a record date and declaration of a Distribution pursuant to Section 4.1 and before the payment date of such Distribution, the transferring Member (and not the Person acquiring all or any portion of its Units) shall be entitled to receive such Distribution in respect of such transferred Units.

(g) Notwithstanding the foregoing, except as otherwise provided in this Agreement, including in Sections 3.2, 3.3 and 3.13 and Article IX, PubCo may not Transfer all or any part of its Units without the consent of the Members (other than PubCo) holding at least a majority of the aggregate Common Units then outstanding and held by such Members (other than PubCo).

(h) Notwithstanding the foregoing, no holder of Preferred Units may Transfer any Preferred Units other than as contemplated by Section 8.1(b)(ii).

Section 8.2 Recognition of Transfer; Substituted and Additional Members.

(a) No direct or indirect Transfer of all or any portion of a Member’s Units may be made, and no purchaser, assignee, transferee or other recipient of all or any part of such Units shall be admitted to the Company as a Substituted Member or Additional Member under this Agreement, unless:

(i) the provisions of Section 8.1 shall have been complied with;

(ii) in the case of a proposed Substituted Member or Additional Member that is (A) a competitor or potential competitor of PubCo or the Company or their respective Subsidiaries, (B) a Person with whom PubCo or the Company or their respective Subsidiaries has had or is expected to have a material commercial or financial relationship or (C) likely to subject PubCo or the Company or their respective Subsidiaries to any material legal or regulatory requirement or obligation, or materially increase the burden thereof, in each case as determined by the Manager, the admission of the purchaser, assignee, transferee or other recipient as a Substituted Member or Additional Member shall have been approved by the Manager;

(iii) the Manager shall have been furnished with the documents effecting such Transfer, in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Manager, executed and acknowledged by both the seller, assignor or transferor and the purchaser, assignee, transferee or other recipient, and the Manager shall have executed (and the Manager agrees to execute) any other documents on behalf of itself and the Members required to effect the Transfer;

 

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(iv) the provisions of Section 8.2(b) shall have been complied with;

(v) the Manager shall be reasonably satisfied that such Transfer will not (A) result in a violation of the Securities Act or any other applicable law; or (B) cause an assignment under the Investment Company Act;

(vi) such Transfer would not be reasonably expected to cause the Company to be treated as a “publicly traded partnership” within the meaning of Section 7704 of the Code or any other association taxable as a corporation for federal income tax purposes and, without limiting the generality of the foregoing, such Transfer shall not be effected on or through an “established securities market” or a “secondary market or the substantial equivalent thereof,” as such terms are used in Treas. Reg. § 1.7704-1;

(vii) the Manager shall have received the opinion of counsel, if any, required by Section 8.2(c) in connection with such Transfer; and

(viii) all necessary instruments reflecting such Transfer or admission shall have been filed in each jurisdiction in which such filing is necessary to qualify the Company to conduct business or to preserve the limited liability of the Members.

(b) Each Substituted Member and Additional Member shall be bound by all provisions of this Agreement. Each Substituted Member and Additional Member, as a condition to its admission as a Member, shall execute and acknowledge such instruments (including a counterpart of this Agreement or a joinder agreement in customary form), in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Manager, as the Manager reasonably deems necessary or desirable to effectuate such admission and to confirm the agreement of such Substituted Member or Additional Member to be bound by all the terms and provisions of this Agreement with respect to the Units acquired by such Substituted Member or Additional Member. The admission of a Substituted Member or Additional Member shall not require the consent of any Member (but shall require the consent of the Manager, if and to the extent such consent of the Manager is expressly required by this Article VIII). As promptly as practicable after the admission of a Substituted Member or Additional Member, the Unit Ownership Ledger and other books and records of the Company shall be changed to reflect such admission.

(c) As a further condition to any Transfer of all or any part of a Member’s Units, the Manager shall, at PubCo’s direction, require a written opinion of counsel to the transferring Member (such counsel reasonably satisfactory to the Manager), obtained at the sole expense of the transferring Member, reasonably satisfactory in form and substance to the Manager, as to such matters as are customary and appropriate in transactions of this type, including (or, in the case of any Transfer made to a Permitted Transferee, limited to an opinion) to the effect that such Transfer will not result in a violation of the registration or other requirements of the Securities Act or any other federal or state securities laws. No such opinion, however, shall be required in connection with a Transfer made pursuant to Article IX.

 

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Section 8.3 Expense of Transfer; Indemnification. All reasonable costs and expenses incurred by the Manager and the Company in connection with any Transfer of a Member’s Units, including any filing and recording costs and the reasonable fees and disbursements of counsel for the Company, shall be paid by the transferring Member. In addition, the transferring Member indemnifies the Manager and the Company against any losses, claims, damages or liabilities to which the Manager, the Company, or any of their Affiliates may become subject arising out of or based upon any false representation or warranty made by, or breach or failure to comply with any covenant or agreement of, such transferring Member or such transferee in connection with such Transfer.

ARTICLE IX

REDEMPTION; EXCHANGE

Section 9.1 Redemption of Common Units.

(a) Elective Redemption.

(i) From and after the First Redemption Time, each Member (other than PubCo and its Subsidiaries) shall be entitled, upon the terms and subject to the conditions of this Agreement, to cause the Company to redeem its Redeemable Units in whole or in part, in each case, relating to a corresponding number of shares of Class V Common Stock or Class O Common Stock after taking into account the Exchange Rate (in each case, free and clear of all Liens) of such Member, in exchange for the delivery to the Member (or its designee) of either, at the option of the Manager, (x) (1) in the case of a corresponding number of shares of Class V Common Stock, a number of shares of Class M Common Stock that is equal to the product of the applicable Redeemed Unit Amount multiplied by the Exchange Rate and (2) in the case of a corresponding number of shares of Class O Common Stock, a number of shares of Class A Common Stock that is equal to the product of the applicable Redeemed Unit Amount multiplied by the Exchange Rate or (y) solely in connection with a Redemption (including a Change of Control Redemption) that coincides with a public offering or private sale of Class A Common Stock, the applicable Cash Payment. Any redemption of Redeemable Units for Class M Common Stock, Class A Common Stock or the Cash Payment, as applicable, is defined in this Agreement as a “Redemption” Subject to Section 9.1(a)(ii), after the First Redemption Time, each Member (other than PubCo and its Subsidiaries) may elect to cause the Company to redeem Redeemable Units at any time and from time to time in accordance with the terms of this Agreement, but a Unitholder may not cause a Redemption more than once per Fiscal Quarter without the prior written consent of the Manager. The minimum number of Redeemable Units (and corresponding number of shares of Class V Common Stock or Class O Common Stock after taking into account the Exchange Rate, if any) that may be redeemed by any Member shall be the lesser of (1) 10,000 and (2) all of the Redeemable Units (and corresponding number of shares of Class V Common Stock or Class O Common Stock taking into account the Exchange Rate, if any) then held by such Member and its Affiliates. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Agreement, the Company shall not, nor shall PubCo pursuant to Section 9.1(f), effectuate a Cash Payment pursuant to this Section 9.1(a) or Section 9.1(b) unless (A) PubCo determines to consummate a private sale or public offering of Class A Common Stock substantially concurrently with the relevant Redemption Date and (B) PubCo contributes sufficient proceeds from such private sale or public offering to the Company for payment by the Company of the applicable Cash Payment. For the avoidance of doubt, the Company shall have no obligation to make a Cash Payment that exceeds the cash contributed to the Company by PubCo from PubCo’s offering or sales of Class A Common Stock referenced earlier in this Section 9.1(a)(i).

 

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(ii) Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in this Agreement, the Company shall not, nor shall PubCo pursuant to Section 9.1(f), be obligated to, effectuate a Redemption of Redeemable Units as set forth in this Section 9.1(a), and the Company shall have the right to refuse to honor any request for such a Redemption, if at any time PubCo or the Company determines based on the advice of counsel that such Redemption would be prohibited by law or regulation (including the unavailability of a registration of such Redemption under the Securities Act, or the unavailability of an exemption from the registration requirements under the Securities Act). Upon such determination, PubCo or the Company (as applicable) shall notify the Member requesting such Redemption, which such notice shall include an explanation in reasonable detail as to the reason that the Redemption request has not been honored.

(iii) A Member shall exercise its right to cause the Company to effectuate a Redemption of Redeemable Units, as set forth in this Section 9.1(a) by delivering to the Company, with a contemporaneous copy delivered to PubCo, during normal business hours, (A) a written election of redemption in respect of the Redeemable Units to be redeemed substantially in the form of Exhibit A to this Agreement (a “Redemption Notice”), duly executed by such Member; (B) any certificates in such Member’s possession representing such Redeemable Units, (C) any stock certificates in such Member’s possession representing the corresponding number of shares of Class V Common Stock or Class O Common Stock to be retired in connection with such Redemption and (D) if PubCo, the Company or any redeeming Subsidiary requires the delivery of the certification contemplated by Section 9.4(b), such certification or written notice from such Member that it is unable to provide such certification. Unless such Member timely has delivered a Retraction Notice pursuant to Section 9.1(a)(vi), a Redemption pursuant to this Section 9.1(a) shall be effected on the fifth Business Day following the Business Day on which PubCo and the Company have received the items specified in clauses (A)-(D) of the first sentence of this Section 9.1(a)(iii) or such later date that is a Business Day specified in the Redemption Notice (such Business Day, the “Redemption Date”). Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Company may establish alternate exchange procedures as necessary to facilitate the establishment by such Member of a trading plan meeting the requirements of Rule 10b5-1 under the Exchange Act. On the Redemption Date, all rights of such Member as a holder of the Redeemable Units (and the corresponding number of shares of Class V Common Stock or Class O Common Stock to be cancelled) that are subject to the Redemption shall cease, and unless the Company has elected Cash Payment, such Member (or its designee) shall be treated for all purposes as having become the record holder of the shares of Class M Common Stock or Class A Common Stock to be received by such Member in respect of such Redemption.

(iv) Within two Business Days following the Business Day on which PubCo and the Company have received the Redemption Notice, the Company shall give written notice (the “Contribution Notice”) to such Member of its intended settlement method. If the Company does not timely deliver a Contribution Notice, the Company shall be deemed to have not elected the Cash Payment method.

 

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(v) The Member may specify, in an applicable Redemption Notice, that the Redemption is to be contingent (including as to timing) upon the occurrence of any transaction or event, including the consummation of a purchase by another Person (whether in a tender or exchange offer, an underwritten offering, Change of Control transaction or otherwise) of shares of Class A Common Stock or any merger, consolidation or other business combination.

(vi) A Member may withdraw or amend its Redemption Notice, in whole or in part, at any time prior to 5:00 p.m. New York, New York time, on the Business Day immediately prior to the Redemption Date by giving written notice (a “Retraction Notice”) to the Company (with a copy to PubCo) specifying (in each case, subject to the requirements set forth in Section 9.1(a)((i))) (A) the number of withdrawn Redeemable Units, (B) the number of Redeemable Units (and corresponding number of shares of Class V Common Stock or Class O Common Stock after taking into account the Exchange Rate) as to which the Redemption Notice remains in effect, if any, and (C) if the Member so determines, a new Redemption Date or any other new or revised information permitted in the Redemption Notice.

(b) Change of Control. In connection with a Change of Control, and subject to any approval of the Change of Control by the holders of Class A Common Stock, Class M Common Stock, Class O Common Stock and Class V Common Stock that may be required:

(i) PubCo shall have the right to require each Member (other than PubCo and its Subsidiaries) to effectuate a Redemption by the Company of some or all of such Member’s Redeemable Units, relating to a corresponding number of shares of Class V Common Stock or Class O Common Stock after taking into account the Exchange Rate (in each case, free and clear of all Liens) of such Member, in each case, in exchange for the delivery to such Member (or its designee) of (1) in the case of a corresponding number of shares of Class V Common Stock, a number of shares of Class M Common Stock that is equal to the product of the applicable Redeemed Unit Amount multiplied by the Exchange Rate and (2) in the case of a corresponding number of shares of Class O Common Stock, a number of shares of Class A Common Stock that is equal to the product of the applicable Redeemed Unit Amount multiplied by the Exchange Rate (such Redemption, a “Change of Control Redemption”). However, if PubCo elects to require such Member to redeem less than all of its outstanding Redeemable Units (and the corresponding number of shares of Class V Common Stock or Class O Common Stock after taking into account the Exchange Rate), such Member’s participation in the required Redemption shall be reduced pro rata based on ownership of Redeemable Units. For the avoidance of doubt, any Redeemable Units that are not redeemed pursuant to a Change of Control Redemption may be caused to be redeemed by the Member after the Change of Control transaction pursuant to Section 9.1(a) subject to and in accordance with the terms of Section 9.1(a).

(ii) The election of PubCo pursuant to this Section 9.1(b) shall be at the sole discretion of PubCo upon the approval by a majority of the board of directors of PubCo.

 

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(iii) Any Redemption pursuant to this Section 9.1(b) shall be effective immediately prior to the consummation of the Change of Control (and, for the avoidance of doubt, shall not be effective if such Change of Control is not consummated) (the “Change of Control Redemption Date”). From and after the Change of Control Redemption Date, such Member shall cease to have any rights with respect to the Redeemable Units (and the corresponding number of shares of Class V Common Stock or Class O Common Stock to be cancelled) that are subject to the Redemption pursuant to this Section 9.1(b) (other than the right to receive shares of Class M Common Stock or Class A Common Stock pursuant to Section 9.1(b)(i) upon compliance with its obligations under Section 9.1(c)).

(iv) PubCo shall provide written notice of an expected Change of Control to each Member within the earlier of (x) five Business Days following the execution of the agreement with respect to such Change of Control and (y) 10 Business Days before the proposed date upon which the contemplated Change of Control is to be effected, indicating in such notice such information as may reasonably describe the Change of Control transaction, subject to applicable law, including the date of execution of such agreement or such proposed effective date, as applicable, the amount and types of consideration to be paid for Redeemable Units and shares of Class V Common Stock, shares of Class M Common Stock, shares of Class O Common Stock or shares of Class A Common Stock, as applicable, in the Change of Control (which consideration shall be equivalent whether paid for Redeemable Units and shares of Class V Common Stock, shares of Class M Common Stock, shares of Class O Common Stock or shares of Class A Common Stock), any election with respect to types of consideration that a holder of Redeemable Units and shares of Class V Common Stock, shares of Class M Common Stock, shares of Class O Common Stock or shares of Class A Common Stock, as applicable, shall be entitled to make in connection with the Change of Control, the percentage of total Redeemable Units and shares of Class V Common Stock, shares of Class M Common Stock, shares of Class O Common Stock or shares of Class A Common Stock, as applicable, to be transferred to the acquirer by all stockholders in the Change of Control, and the number of Redeemable Units and shares of Class V Common Stock or Class O Common Stock held by each Member that PubCo intends to require to be redeemed for shares of Class M Common Stock or Class A Common Stock, as applicable, in connection with the Change of Control. PubCo shall update such notice from time to time to reflect any material changes to such notice. PubCo may satisfy any such notice and update requirements described in the preceding two sentences by providing such information on a Form 8-K, Schedule TO, Schedule 14D-9, Preliminary Merger Proxy on Schedule 14A, Definitive Merger Proxy on Schedule 14A, Registration Statement on Form S-4, or similar form filed with the SEC.

(c) Redemption Procedure on Change of Control Redemption. On or prior to the Change of Control Redemption Date, each Member shall deliver to PubCo and the Company, during normal business hours at the principal executive offices of PubCo and the Company, respectively: (A) a Redemption Notice, duly executed by such Member, (B) any certificates in such Member’s possession representing the Redeemable Units being surrendered by such Member, (C) any stock certificates in such Member’s possession representing the corresponding number of shares of Class V Common Stock or Class O Common Stock to be retired in connection with such Redemption and (D) if PubCo, the Company or any redeeming Subsidiary requires the delivery of the certification contemplated by Section 9.4(b), such certification or written notice from such Member that it is unable to provide such certification.

 

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(d) Redemption Consideration. As promptly as practicable on or after the Redemption Date or Change of Control Redemption Date, as applicable, provided the Member has satisfied its obligations under Section 9.1(a)(iii) or Section 9.1(c), as applicable, the Company or PubCo shall deliver or cause to be delivered to such Member (or its designee), either certificates or evidence of book-entry shares representing the number of shares of Class M Common Stock or Class A Common Stock deliverable upon the applicable Redemption, registered in the name of such Member (or its designee) or, if the Company has so elected, the Cash Payment. Notwithstanding anything set forth in this Section 9.1(d) to the contrary, to the extent the Class M Common Stock or Class A Common Stock issued in the Redemption will be settled through the facilities of The Depository Trust Company, the Company or PubCo will, upon the written instruction of such Member, deliver the shares of Class M Common Stock or Class A Common Stock deliverable to such Member through the facilities of The Depository Trust Company to the account of the participant of The Depository Trust Company designated by such Member in the Exchange Election Notice. Upon the Member exercising its Redemption right in accordance with Section 9.1(a)(i) or the occurrence of a Change of Control Redemption, the Company or PubCo shall take such actions as (A) may be required to ensure that the Member receives the shares of Class M Common Stock or Class A Common Stock or the Cash Payment that such Member is entitled to receive in connection with such Redemption pursuant to this Section 9.1, and (B) may be reasonably within its control that would cause such Redemption to be treated for purposes of the Tax Receivable Agreement as an “Exchange” under the Tax Receivable Agreement to the extent the redeeming Member is entitled to benefits under the Tax Receivable Agreement.

(e) Contribution by PubCo. In connection with any Redemption by the Company, PubCo shall contribute to the Company the shares of Class M Common Stock or Class A Common Stock or Cash Payment that the Member is entitled to receive in such Redemption. Unless such Member has timely delivered a Retraction Notice as provided in Section 9.1(a)(vi), on the Redemption Date (to be effective immediately prior to the close of business on the Redemption Date) (i) PubCo shall make a capital contribution to the Company (in the form of the shares of Class M Common Stock or Class A Common Stock or the Cash Payment that such Member is entitled to receive in such Redemption) required under this Section 9.1(e), (ii) the Company shall transfer such shares of Class M Common Stock or Class A Common Stock or Cash Payment to such Member in redemption of such Member’s Units in the Company, and (iii) in the case of a Redemption for Class M Common Stock or Class A Common Stock or the Cash Payment (as applicable), the Company shall issue to PubCo a number of Common Units equal to the Redeemed Unit Amount surrendered by such Member.

(f) Direct Exchange Right of PubCo. Notwithstanding anything in this Agreement to the contrary, PubCo may, in its sole discretion, elect to effect, on the Redemption Date, the exchange of Redeemable Units for Class M Common Stock or Class A Common Stock or the Cash Payment (as applicable) through a direct exchange of such Redeemable Units for Class M Common Stock or Class A Common Stock or the Cash Payment (as applicable) between the Member, on the one hand, and PubCo (or, if designated by PubCo, one or more of its Subsidiaries), on the other hand (a “Direct Exchange”) (rather than contributing the Class M Common Stock or Class A Common Stock or the Cash Payment (as applicable) to the Company for purposes of the Company redeeming the Redeemable Units in accordance with this Article IX). The applicable provisions of this Article IX (including, for the avoidance of doubt, with respect to the surrender by the redeeming Member of Class V Common Stock or Class O Common Stock for cancellation)

 

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shall apply to such Direct Exchange, mutatis mutandis, with PubCo (or one or more of its Subsidiaries) directly acquiring the Redeemable Units, in lieu of the Company, and otherwise discharging the obligations of the Company with respect to delivery of Class M Common Stock or Class A Common Stock or the Cash Payment (as applicable) to which the Member is entitled. PubCo may, at any time prior to a Redemption Date (including after delivery of a Redemption Notice), deliver written notice (an “Exchange Election Notice”) to the Company and the redeeming Member setting forth its election to exercise its right to consummate a Direct Exchange. Any such election is subject to the limitations set forth in this Article IX and does not unreasonably prejudice the ability of the parties to consummate a Redemption or Direct Exchange on the Redemption Date. An Exchange Election Notice may be revoked by PubCo at any time so long as such revocation does not unreasonably prejudice the ability of the parties to consummate a Redemption or Direct Exchange on the Redemption Date. The right to consummate a Direct Exchange in all events shall be exercisable only for all (and not less than all) of the Redeemable Units that would have otherwise been subject to a Redemption.

(g) Legends.

(i) The shares of Class M Common Stock or Class A Common Stock issued upon a Redemption or Direct Exchange, other than any such shares issued in a Redemption or Direct Exchange subject to an effective registration statement under the Securities Act, shall bear a legend in substantially the following form:

THESE SECURITIES HAVE NOT BEEN REGISTERED UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, AS AMENDED, OR UNDER THE SECURITIES LAWS OF ANY OTHER JURISDICTION, AND MAY NOT BE SOLD OR TRANSFERRED OTHER THAN IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE REGISTRATION REQUIREMENTS OF THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, AS AMENDED (OR OTHER APPLICABLE LAW), OR AN EXEMPTION THEREFROM.

(ii) If (A) any shares of Class M Common Stock or Class A Common Stock have been sold pursuant to a registration statement that has become or been declared effective by the SEC, or (B) all of the applicable conditions of Rule 144 are met (without regard to volume or manner of sale restrictions), or (C) the legend (or a portion thereof) otherwise ceases to be applicable, PubCo, upon the written request of the holder of such shares, shall promptly provide such holder or its respective transferees with new certificates (or evidence of book-entry) for securities of like tenor not bearing the provisions of the legend with respect to which the restriction has terminated. In connection therewith, such holder shall provide PubCo with such information in its possession as PubCo may reasonably request (which may include an opinion of counsel reasonably acceptable to PubCo) in connection with the removal of any such legend.

(h) Cancellation of Class V Common Stock or Class O Common Stock. Any shares of Class V Common Stock or Class O Common Stock surrendered in a Redemption or Direct Exchange shall automatically be deemed cancelled without any action on the part of any Person, including PubCo. Any such cancelled shares of Class V Common Stock or Class O Common Stock shall no longer be outstanding, and all rights with respect to such shares shall automatically cease and terminate.

 

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(i) Expenses. Except as otherwise agreed, PubCo, the Company, any exchanging Subsidiary and the redeeming Member shall bear their own expenses in connection with the consummation of any Redemption or Direct Exchange, whether or not any such Redemption or Direct Exchange is ultimately consummated, except that PubCo shall bear any transfer taxes, stamp taxes or duties, or other similar taxes in connection with, or arising by reason of, any Redemption or Direct Exchange. However, if any shares of Class M Common Stock or Class A Common Stock are to be delivered in a name other than that of the Member (or The Depository Trust Company or its nominee for the account of a participant of The Depository Trust Company that will hold the shares for the account of such Member) or the Cash Payment is to be paid to a Person other than the Member, then such Member or the Person in whose name such shares are to be delivered or to whom the Cash Payment is to be paid shall pay to PubCo the amount of any transfer taxes, stamp taxes or duties, or other similar taxes in connection with, or arising by reason of, such Redemption or Direct Exchange or shall establish to the reasonable satisfaction of PubCo that such tax has been paid or is not payable.

Section 9.2 Adjustments. The Exchange Rate shall be adjusted accordingly if there is: (a) any subdivision (by any stock or unit split, stock or unit dividend or distribution, reclassification, reorganization, recapitalization or otherwise) or combination (by reverse stock or unit split, reclassification, reorganization, recapitalization or otherwise) of the shares of Class V Common Stock, Class O Common Stock or Common Units that is not accompanied by a substantively identical subdivision or combination of Class M Common Stock or Class A Common Stock, as applicable; or (b) any subdivision (by any stock or unit split, stock or unit dividend or distribution, reclassification, reorganization, recapitalization or otherwise) or combination (by reverse stock or unit split, reclassification, reorganization, recapitalization or otherwise) of the shares of Class M Common Stock or Class A Common Stock that is not accompanied by a substantively identical subdivision or combination of the shares of Class V Common Stock or Class O Common Stock or Common Units, as applicable. To the extent not reflected in an adjustment to the Exchange Rate, if there is any reclassification, reorganization, recapitalization or other similar transaction in which the Class M Common Stock or the Class A Common Stock is converted or changed or exchanged into or for another security, securities or other property, then upon any subsequent Redemption, the Member shall be entitled to receive the amount of such security, securities or other property that such Member would have received if such Redemption had occurred immediately prior to the effective date of such reclassification, reorganization, recapitalization or other similar transaction, taking into account any adjustment as a result of any subdivision (by any split, distribution or dividend, reclassification, reorganization, recapitalization or otherwise) or combination (by reverse split, reclassification, recapitalization or otherwise) of such security, securities or other property that occurs after the effective time of such reclassification, reorganization, recapitalization or other similar transaction. For the avoidance of doubt, if there is any reclassification, reorganization, recapitalization or other similar transaction in which the Class M Common Stock or the Class A Common Stock is converted or changed or exchanged into or for another security, securities or other property, this Section 9.2 shall continue to be applicable, mutatis mutandis, with respect to such security or other property.

 

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Section 9.3 Class A Common Stock and Class M Common Stock to be Issued.

(a) PubCo shall at all times reserve and keep available out of its authorized but unissued Class M Common Stock and Class A Common Stock, solely for the purpose of issuance upon a Redemption or Direct Exchange, such number of shares of Class M Common Stock and Class A Common Stock as shall be sufficient to effect the conversion of all outstanding Common Units or other Units that are convertible into Common Units (including Earnout Units and Preferred Units, and other than those Common Units held by PubCo or any subsidiary of PubCo). However, nothing contained in this Agreement shall be construed to preclude PubCo from satisfying its obligations in respect of any such Redemption or Direct Exchange by delivery of unencumbered purchased shares of Class M Common Stock and Class A Common Stock (which may or may not be held in the treasury of PubCo or any PubCo subsidiary).

(b) PubCo has taken and will take all such steps as may be required to cause to qualify for exemption under Rule 16b-3(d) or (e), as applicable, under the Exchange Act, and be exempt for purposes of Section 16(b) under the Exchange Act, any acquisitions or dispositions of equity securities of PubCo (including any derivative securities) and any securities that may be deemed to be equity securities or derivative securities of PubCo for such purposes that result from the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, by each director or officer of PubCo (including directors-by-deputization) who may reasonably be expected to be subject to the reporting requirements of Section 16(a) of the Exchange Act with respect to PubCo upon the registration of any class of equity security of PubCo pursuant to Section 12 of the Exchange Act (with the authorizing resolutions specifying the name of each such officer or director whose acquisition or disposition of securities is to be exempted and the number of securities that may be acquired and disposed of by each such Person pursuant to this Agreement).

(c) If any Takeover Law or other similar law or regulation becomes or is deemed to become applicable to this Agreement or any of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, PubCo shall use its reasonable best efforts to render such law or regulation inapplicable to all of the foregoing.

(d) PubCo covenants that all shares of Class M Common Stock and Class A Common Stock issued upon a Redemption or Direct Exchange will, upon issuance, be validly issued, fully paid and non-assessable and not subject to any preemptive, participation or similar right of stockholders to subscribe for or acquire equity interests of PubCo or to any right of first refusal or other right in favor of any Person.

Section 9.4 Withholding; Certification of Non-Foreign Status.

(a) If PubCo or the Company shall be required to withhold any amounts by reason of any U.S. federal, state, local or foreign tax rules or regulations in respect of any Redemption or Direct Exchange, PubCo or the Company, as the case may be, shall be entitled to take such action as it deems appropriate to ensure compliance with such withholding requirements, including, at its option, withholding shares of Class M Common Stock or Class A Common Stock with a fair market value equal to the minimum amount of any taxes that PubCo or the Company, as the case may be, may be required to withhold with respect to such Redemption or Direct Exchange. To the extent that amounts are (or property is) so withheld and paid over to the appropriate taxing authority, such withheld amounts (or property) shall be treated for all purposes of this Agreement as having been paid (or delivered) to the Member.

 

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(b) Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Agreement, each of PubCo and the Company may, in its discretion, require that a Member deliver to PubCo or the Company, as the case may be, a duly completed and executed IRS Form W-9 (or other withholding form or certification) prior to a Redemption or Direct Exchange. In the event PubCo or the Company has required delivery of such form or certification but such Member does not provide such form or certification, PubCo or the Company, as the case may be, shall nevertheless deliver or cause to be delivered to such Member the Class M Common Stock, the Class A Common Stock or the Cash Payment in accordance with Section 9.1, but subject to withholding as provided in Section 9.4(a).

Section 9.5 Tax Treatment. Unless otherwise required by applicable law, the Members acknowledge and agree that any Redemption or Direct Exchange with the Company or PubCo shall be treated as a direct exchange between PubCo and such Member for U.S. federal and applicable state and local income tax purposes. The Members intend to treat any Redemption or Direct Exchange consummated under this Agreement as a taxable sale of the Redeemable Units and Class V Common Stock (if any) or Class O Common Stock (if any), as applicable, by the Member to PubCo for U.S. federal and applicable state and local income tax purposes except as otherwise mutually agreed to in writing by such Member and PubCo. No party to this Agreement shall take a position inconsistent with such intended tax treatment on any tax return, amendment to such tax return or any other communication with a taxing authority, in each case unless otherwise required by a “determination” within the meaning of Section 1313 of the Code.

Section 9.6 PTP Tax Consequences. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Agreement, if the Manager, after consultation with its outside legal counsel and tax advisor, determines in good faith that interests in the Company do not meet the requirements of Treasury Regulation Section 1.7704-1(h) (or other provisions of those Treasury Regulations as determined by the Manager) or that any Transfer, Redemption or Direct Exchange could (as determined in the reasonable discretion of the Manager exercised in good faith) cause the Company to be treated as a “publicly traded partnership” under Section 7704 of the Code, the Company may impose such restrictions on such Transfers, Redemptions, or Direct Exchanges as the Company may reasonably determine to be necessary or advisable so that the Company is not treated as a “publicly traded partnership” under Section 7704 of the Code.

Section 9.7 Distributions. No Redemption or Direct Exchange will impair the right of a Member to receive any distribution for periods ending on or prior to the Redemption Date for such Redemption or Direct Exchange (but for which payment had not yet been made with respect to the Redeemable Units in question at the time the Redemption or Direct Exchange is consummated). For purposes of this Section 9.7, a Member’s right to receive its pro rata portion of any distribution by the Company in respect of such periods shall not be deemed impaired to the extent that the Company has not paid PubCo its pro rata portion of such distribution prior to the consummation of the applicable Redemption or Direct Exchange.

Section 9.8 Certain BT Assets Rights. Each of PubCo, the Company and BT Assets acknowledges and agrees that Class V Common Stock may only be issued by PubCo to BT Assets and its Affiliates. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Agreement, any Redemption or Direct Exchange involving an exchange of Class V Common Stock for Class M Common Stock may, at the option of the applicable Member, be an exchange of Class V Common Stock for Class A Common Stock.

 

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ARTICLE X

RESIGNATION OF UNITHOLDERS

Section 10.1 Resignation of Unitholders. No Unitholder shall have the power or right to resign from the Company prior to the dissolution and winding up of the Company pursuant to Article XI, without the prior written consent of the Manager, except as otherwise expressly permitted by this Agreement. Upon a Transfer of all of a Unitholder’s Units in a Transfer permitted by this Agreement, and (if applicable) any Equity Agreements, such Unitholder shall cease to be a Unitholder. Notwithstanding that payment on account of a resignation may be made after the effective time of such resignation, any completely resigning Unitholder will not be considered a Unitholder for any purpose after the effective time of such complete resignation, and, in the case of a partial resignation, such Unitholder’s Capital Account (and corresponding voting and other rights) shall be reduced for all other purposes under this Agreement upon the effective time of such partial resignation.

ARTICLE XI

DISSOLUTION AND LIQUIDATION

Section 11.1 Dissolution. The Company shall not be dissolved by the admission of Additional Members or Substituted Members. The Company shall dissolve, and its affairs shall be wound up upon the first of the following to occur:

(a) at the election of the Manager;

(b) the termination of the legal existence of the last remaining member of the Company or the occurrence of any other event which terminates the continued membership of the last remaining member of the Company in the Company unless the Company is continued without dissolution in a manner permitted by this Agreement or the Delaware Act; or

(c) the entry of a decree of judicial dissolution of the Company under Section 18-802 of the Delaware Act.

Except as otherwise set forth in this Article XI the Company is intended to have perpetual existence. An Event of Withdrawal, in and of itself, shall not cause a dissolution of the Company and the Company shall continue in existence subject to the terms and conditions of this Agreement. Bankruptcy (as defined in Sections 18-101(1) and 18-304 of the Delaware Act) shall not cause a Member to cease to be a member of the Company.

Section 11.2 Liquidation and Termination. On the dissolution of the Company, the Manager shall act as liquidator or may appoint one or more representatives, Members or other Persons as liquidator(s). The liquidators shall proceed diligently to wind up the affairs of the Company and make final distributions as provided in this Agreement and in the Delaware Act. The costs of liquidation shall be borne as the Company’s expense. Until final distribution, the liquidators shall continue to operate the Company properties with all of the power and authority of the Manager. The steps to be accomplished by the liquidators are as follows:

(a) In accordance with Section 18-804 of the Delaware Act, the liquidators shall pay, satisfy or discharge from the Company’s funds all of the debts, liabilities and obligations of the Company (including all expenses incurred in liquidation) or otherwise make adequate provision for payment and discharge thereof (including the establishment of a cash fund for contingent liabilities in such amount and for such term as the liquidators may reasonably determine).

 

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(b) After satisfaction of all liabilities of the Company in accordance with Section 11.2(a) above, the liquidators shall (i) determine the Fair Market Value (the “Liquidation FMV”) of the Company’s remaining assets (the “Liquidation Assets”) in accordance with Article XI, (ii) determine the amounts to be distributed to each Unitholder in accordance with Section 4.1, and (iii) deliver to each Unitholder a statement (the “Liquidation Statement”) setting forth the Liquidation FMV and the amounts and recipients of such Distributions, which Liquidation Statement shall be final and binding on all Unitholders.

(c) As soon as the Liquidation FMV and the proper amounts of Distributions have been determined in accordance with Section 11.2(b) above, the liquidators shall promptly distribute the Company’s Liquidation Assets to the Unitholders in accordance with Section 4.1(b) above. In making such distributions, the liquidators shall allocate each type of Liquidation Assets (i.e., cash or cash equivalents, preferred or common equity securities, etc.) among the Unitholders ratably based upon the aggregate amounts to be distributed with respect to the Units held by each such holder. For the avoidance of doubt, the liquidators may allocate each type of Liquidation Assets so as to give effect to and take into account the relative priorities of the different Units, and in the event that any securities are part of the Liquidation Assets, each Unitholder that is not an “accredited investor” as such term is defined under the Securities Act may receive, and agrees to accept, in lieu of such securities, cash consideration with an equivalent value to such securities as determined by the Manager. Any non-cash Liquidation Assets will first be written up or down to their Fair Market Value, thus creating Profit or Loss (if any), which shall be allocated in accordance with Section 4.2 and Section 4.3. If any Unitholder’s Capital Account is not equal to the amount to be distributed to such Unitholder pursuant to Section 11.2(b), Profits and Losses for the Fiscal Year in which the Company is wound up shall be allocated among the Unitholders in such a manner as to cause, to the extent possible, each Unitholder’s Capital Account to be equal to the amount to be distributed to such Unitholder pursuant to Section 11.2(b). The distribution of cash or property to a Unitholder in accordance with the provisions of this Section 11.2(c) constitutes a complete return to the Unitholder of its Capital Contributions and a complete distribution to the Unitholder of its interest in the Company and all the Company property and, to the fullest extent permitted by law, constitutes a compromise to which all Unitholders have consented within the meaning of the Delaware Act. To the extent that a Unitholder returns funds to the Company, to the fullest extent permitted by law, it has no claim against any other Unitholder for those funds.

Section 11.3 Securityholders Agreement. To the extent that Units or other Equity Securities of any Subsidiary are distributed to any Unitholders and unless otherwise agreed to by the Manager, such Unitholders agree to enter into a securityholders agreement with such Subsidiary and each other Unitholder which contains rights and restrictions in form and substance similar to the provisions and restrictions set forth in this Agreement (including in Article VIII).

Section 11.4 Cancellation of Certificate. On completion of the distribution of the Company’s assets as provided in this Agreement, the Manager (or such other Person or Persons as the Delaware Act may require or permit) shall file a certificate of cancellation with the Secretary of State of Delaware, cancel any other filings made pursuant to this Agreement that are or should

 

50


be canceled and take such other actions as may be necessary to terminate the Company, and upon the filing of the certificate of cancellation of the Certificate, the Company shall be terminated (and the Company shall not be terminated prior to such time). The Company shall be deemed to continue in existence for all purposes of this Agreement until it is terminated pursuant to this Section 11.4.

Section 11.5 Reasonable Time for Winding Up. A reasonable time shall be allowed for the orderly winding up of the business and affairs of the Company and the liquidation of its assets pursuant to Section 11.2 to minimize any losses otherwise attendant upon such winding up.

Section 11.6 Return of Capital. The liquidators shall not be personally liable for the return of Capital Contributions or any portion of Capital Contributions to the Unitholders (it being understood that any such return shall be made solely from the Company assets).

Section 11.7 Hart-Scott-Rodino. In the event the Hart-Scott-Rodino Antitrust Improvements Act of 1976 (the “HSR Act”) is applicable to any Unitholder, the dissolution of the Company shall not be consummated until such time as the applicable waiting period (and extensions of such waiting period) under the HSR Act have expired or otherwise been terminated with respect to each such Unitholder.

ARTICLE XII

GENERAL PROVISIONS

Section 12.1 Power of Attorney. Each Unitholder constitutes and appoints PubCo, the Manager and the liquidators, if any and as applicable, and their respective designees, with full power of substitution, as his, her or its true and lawful agent and attorney-in-fact, with full power and authority in his, her or its name, place and stead, to execute, swear to, acknowledge, deliver, file and record in the appropriate public offices (to the same extent such Person could take such action): (a) this Agreement, all certificates and other instruments and all amendments of this Agreement in accordance with the terms of this Agreement which PubCo deems appropriate or necessary to form, qualify, or continue the qualification of, the Company as a limited liability company in the State of Delaware and in all other jurisdictions in which the Company may conduct business or own property or as otherwise permitted in this Agreement; (b) all instruments, agreements, amendments or other documents which PubCo deems appropriate or necessary to reflect any amendment, change, modification or restatement of this Agreement in accordance with its terms; (c) all conveyances and other instruments or documents which PubCo or the liquidators deems appropriate or necessary to reflect the dissolution and liquidation of the Company pursuant to the terms of this Agreement, including a certificate of cancellation; and (d) all instruments relating to the admission, withdrawal or substitution of any Unitholder pursuant to Article VIII or Article X. The foregoing power of attorney is irrevocable and coupled with an interest, and shall survive the death, disability, incapacity, dissolution, bankruptcy, insolvency or termination of any Unitholder and the Transfer of all or any portion of his, her or its Units and shall extend to such Unitholder’s heirs, successors, permitted assigns and personal representatives.

 

51


Section 12.2 Amendments. Subject to the following sentence, this Agreement may be amended (including, for purposes of this Section 12.2, any amendment effected directly or indirectly by way of a merger or consolidation of the Company) or waived, in whole or in part, by the Manager. To the extent any amendment or waiver, including any amendment or waiver of the Exhibits attached to this Agreement, would disproportionately and adversely affect the rights of any Member of a class compared with the rights of any other Member of such class, such amendment or waiver may only be made by the Manager upon the prior written consent of such disproportionately and adversely affected Member.

Section 12.3 Title to the Company Assets. The Company’s assets shall be deemed to be owned by the Company as an entity, and no Unitholder, individually or collectively, shall have any ownership interest in such assets (or any portion of such assets). Legal title to any or all of such assets may be held in the name of the Company or one or more nominees, as the Manager may determine. The Manager declares and warrants that any Company assets for which legal title is held in the name of any nominee shall be held in trust by such nominee for the use and benefit of the Company in accordance with the provisions of this Agreement. All the Company assets shall be recorded as the property of the Company on its books and records, irrespective of the name in which legal title to such assets is held.

Section 12.4 Remedies. Each Unitholder and the Company shall have all rights and remedies set forth in this Agreement and all rights and remedies which such Person has been granted at any time under any other agreement or contract and all of the rights which such Person has under any law. Any Person having any rights under any provision of this Agreement or any other agreements contemplated shall be entitled to enforce such rights specifically (without posting a bond or other security), to recover damages by reason of any breach of any provision of this Agreement and to exercise all other rights granted by law.

Section 12.5 Successors and Assigns. All covenants and agreements contained in this Agreement shall bind and inure to the benefit of the parties to this Agreement and their respective heirs, executors, administrators, successors, legal representatives and permitted assigns, whether so expressed or not.

Section 12.6 Severability. Whenever possible, each provision of this Agreement will be interpreted in such manner as to be effective and valid under applicable law, but if any provision of this Agreement is held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable in any respect under any applicable law or rule in any jurisdiction, such invalidity, illegality or unenforceability will not affect any other provision or the effectiveness or validity of any provision in any other jurisdiction, and this Agreement will be reformed, construed and enforced in such jurisdiction as if such invalid, illegal or unenforceable provision had never been contained in this Agreement or if such term or provision could be drawn more narrowly so as not to be illegal, invalid, prohibited or unenforceable in such jurisdiction, it shall be so narrowly drawn, as to such jurisdiction, without invalidating the remaining terms and provisions of this Agreement or affecting the legality, validity or enforceability of such term or provision in any other jurisdiction.

Section 12.7 Counterparts; Binding Agreement. This Agreement may be executed simultaneously in two or more separate counterparts, any one of which need not contain the signatures of more than one party, but each of which will be an original and all of which together shall constitute one and the same agreement binding on all the parties to this Agreement. This Agreement and all of the provisions of this Agreement shall be binding upon and effective as to each Person who (a) executes this Agreement in the appropriate space provided in the signature pages to this Agreement notwithstanding the fact that other Persons who have not executed this Agreement may be listed on the signature pages to this Agreement and (b) may from time to time become a party to this Agreement by executing a counterpart of or joinder to this Agreement.

 

52


Section 12.8 Descriptive Headings; Interpretation. The descriptive headings of this Agreement are inserted for convenience only and do not constitute a substantive part of this Agreement. Whenever required by the context, any pronoun used in this Agreement shall include the corresponding masculine, feminine or neuter forms, and the singular form of nouns, pronouns and verbs shall include the plural and vice versa. The use of the word “including” in this Agreement shall be by way of example rather than by limitation. Reference to any agreement, document or instrument means such agreement, document or instrument as amended or otherwise modified from time to time in accordance with the terms of such agreement, and if applicable of this Agreement. Whenever required by the context, references to a Fiscal Year shall refer to a portion of such Fiscal Year. The use of the words “or,” “either” and “any” shall not be exclusive. Unless the context of this Agreement otherwise requires, references to statutes or other laws shall include all regulations and references promulgated under such statutes or other laws and references to statutes, regulations or other laws shall be construed as including all statutory and regulatory provisions consolidating, amending or replacing the statute or regulation. The parties to this Agreement have participated jointly in the negotiation and drafting of this Agreement. In the event an ambiguity or question of intent or interpretation arises, this Agreement shall be construed as if drafted jointly by the parties to this Agreement, and, to the fullest extent permitted by law, no presumption or burden of proof shall arise favoring or disfavoring any party by virtue of the authorship of any of the provisions of this Agreement. Wherever a conflict exists between this Agreement and any other agreement, this Agreement shall control but solely to the extent of such conflict.

Section 12.9 Applicable Law. This Agreement shall be governed by, and construed in accordance with, the laws of the State of Delaware, without giving effect to any choice of law or conflict of law rules or provisions (whether of the State of Delaware or any other jurisdiction) that would cause the application of the laws of any jurisdiction other than the State of Delaware.

Section 12.10 Addresses and Notices. All notices, demands or other communications to be given or delivered under or by reason of the provisions of this Agreement shall be in writing and shall be deemed to have been given or made when (a) delivered personally to the recipient, (b) telecopied to the recipient, or delivered by means of electronic mail (with hard copy sent to the recipient by reputable overnight courier service (charges prepaid) that same day) if telecopied/emailed before 5:00 p.m. New York, New York time on a Business Day, and otherwise on the next Business Day, or (c) one Business Day after being sent to the recipient by reputable overnight courier service (charges prepaid). Such notices, demands and other communications shall be sent to the address for such recipient set forth in the Company’s books and records, or to such other address or to the attention of such other person as the recipient party has specified by prior written notice to the sending party.

Section 12.11 Creditors. None of the provisions of this Agreement shall be for the benefit of or enforceable by any creditors of the Company or any of its Affiliates, and no creditor who makes a loan to the Company or any of its Affiliates may have or acquire (except pursuant to the terms of a separate agreement executed by the Company in favor of such creditor) at any time as

 

53


a result of making the loan any direct or indirect interest in the Company’s Profits, Losses, Distributions, capital or property other than as a secured creditor. Notwithstanding the foregoing, each of the Indemnitees are intended third party beneficiaries of Section 6.1(b) and shall be entitled to enforce such provision (as it may be in effect from time to time).

Section 12.12 No Waiver. No failure by any party to insist upon the strict performance of any covenant, duty, agreement or condition of this Agreement or to exercise any right or remedy consequent upon a breach of this Agreement shall constitute a waiver of any such breach or any other covenant, duty, agreement or condition.

Section 12.13 Further Action. The parties agree to execute and deliver all documents, provide all information and take or refrain from taking such actions as may be necessary or appropriate to achieve the purposes of this Agreement.

Section 12.14 Entire Agreement. This Agreement and the other Transaction Documents embody the complete agreement and understanding among the parties with respect to the subject matter in this Agreement and supersede and preempt any prior understandings, agreements or representations by or among the parties, written or oral, which may have related to the subject matter of this Agreement in any way.

Section 12.15 Delivery by Electronic Means. This Agreement, the agreements referred to in this Agreement, and each other agreement or instrument contemplated by or entered into in connection with this Agreement, and any amendments to this Agreement or such other agreements or instruments, to the extent signed and delivered by means of a facsimile machine or electronic transmission in portable document format (pdf) or comparable electronic transmission, shall be treated in all manner and respects as an original agreement or instrument and shall be considered to have the same binding legal effect as if it were the original signed version delivered in person. At the request of any party to this Agreement or to any such agreement or instrument, each other party to this Agreement or such other agreement or instrument shall re-execute original forms of such agreement or instrument and deliver them to all other parties. No party to this Agreement or to any such agreement or instrument shall raise the use of a facsimile machine or pdf electronic transmission or comparable electronic transmission to deliver a signature or the fact that any signature or agreement or instrument was transmitted or communicated through the use of a facsimile machine as a defense to the formation or enforceability of a contract and each such party forever waives any such defense.

Section 12.16 Certain Acknowledgments. This Agreement shall be considered for all purposes as having been prepared through the joint efforts of the parties. No presumption shall apply in favor of any party in the interpretation of this Agreement or in the resolution of any ambiguity of any provision of this Agreement based on the preparation, substitution, submission or other event of negotiation, drafting or execution of this Agreement. Each Member and Unitholder acknowledges that it/he/she is entitled to and has been afforded the opportunity to consult legal counsel of its/his/her choice regarding the terms, conditions and legal effects of this Agreement, as well as the advisability and propriety of the terms, conditions and legal effects of this Agreement. Each Member and Unitholder further acknowledges that having so consulted with legal counsel of its/his/her choosing, such Member or Unitholder waives any right to raise or rely upon the lack of representation or effective representation in any future proceedings or in

 

54


connection with any future claim resulting from this Agreement or the formation of the Company. THE COMPANY, THE MANAGER, THE MEMBERS AND THE UNITHOLDERS ACKNOWLEDGE THAT KIRKLAND & ELLIS LLP HAS ONLY REPRESENTED THE COMPANY WITH RESPECT TO THE NEGOTIATION AND PREPARATION OF THIS AGREEMENT, AND HAS NOT REPRESENTED THE MEMBERS OR THE UNITHOLDERS WITH RESPECT TO SUCH MATTERS.

Section 12.17 Consent to Jurisdiction; WAIVER OF TRIAL BY JURY.

(a) Consent to Jurisdiction. Each Unitholder irrevocably submits to the exclusive jurisdiction of the United States District Court for the State of Delaware and the state courts of the State of Delaware for the purposes of any suit, action or other proceeding arising out of this Agreement or any transaction contemplated. Each Unitholder further agrees that service of any process, summons, notice or document by United States certified or registered mail (in each such case, prepaid return receipt requested) to such Unitholder’s respective address set forth in the Company’s books and records or such other address or to the attention of such other person as the recipient party has specified by prior written notice to the sending party shall be effective service of process in any action, suit or proceeding in Delaware with respect to any matters to which it has submitted to jurisdiction as set forth above in the immediately preceding sentence. Each Unitholder irrevocably and unconditionally waives any objection to the laying of venue of any action, suit or proceeding arising out of this Agreement or the transactions contemplated by this Agreement in the United States District Court for the State of Delaware or the state courts of the State of Delaware and irrevocably and unconditionally waives and agrees not to plead or claim in any such court that any such action, suit or proceeding brought in such court has been brought in an inconvenient forum.

(b) WAIVER OF TRIAL BY JURY. BECAUSE DISPUTES ARISING IN CONNECTION WITH COMPLEX TRANSACTIONS ARE MOST QUICKLY AND ECONOMICALLY RESOLVED BY AN EXPERIENCED AND EXPERT PERSON AND THE PARTIES WISH APPLICABLE STATE AND FEDERAL LAWS TO APPLY (RATHER THAN ARBITRATION RULES), THE PARTIES DESIRE THAT THEIR DISPUTES BE RESOLVED BY A JUDGE APPLYING SUCH APPLICABLE LAWS. THEREFORE, TO ACHIEVE THE BEST COMBINATION OF THE BENEFITS OF THE JUDICIAL SYSTEM AND OF ARBITRATION, EACH PARTY TO THIS AGREEMENT (INCLUDING THE COMPANY) WAIVES ALL RIGHTS TO TRIAL BY JURY IN ANY ACTION, SUIT, OR PROCEEDING BROUGHT TO RESOLVE ANY DISPUTE BETWEEN OR AMONG ANY OF THE PARTIES TO THIS AGREEMENT, WHETHER ARISING IN CONTRACT, TORT, OR OTHERWISE, ARISING OUT OF, CONNECTED WITH, RELATED OR INCIDENTAL TO THIS AGREEMENT, THE TRANSACTIONS CONTEMPLATED BY THIS AGREEMENT OR THE RELATIONSHIPS ESTABLISHED AMONG THE PARTIES UNDER THIS AGREEMENT.

Section 12.18 Representations and Warranties. By execution of this Agreement, each Member severally represents and warrants as follows:

(a) Such Member has full legal right, power, and authority to deliver this Agreement and the other Transaction Documents and to perform such Member’s obligations under this Agreement and the other Transaction Documents;

 

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(b) This Agreement and the other Transaction Documents constitute the legal, valid, and binding obligation of such Member enforceable in accordance with its respective terms, except as the enforcement of such terms may be limited by bankruptcy and other laws of general application relating to creditors’ rights or general principles of equity;

(c) Neither this Agreement nor the other Transaction Documents violate, conflict with, result in a breach of the terms, conditions or provisions of, or constitute a default or an event of default under any other agreement of which such Member is a party; and

(d) Such Member’s investment in Units in the Company is made for such Member’s own account for investment purposes only and not with a view to the resale or distribution of such Units.

Section 12.19 Tax Receivable Agreement(a) . The Tax Receivable Agreement shall be treated as part of this Agreement as described in Section 761(c) of the Code, and Treasury Regulations Sections 1.704-1(b)(2)(ii)(h) and 1.761-1(c).

[Signature Pages Follow]

 

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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the undersigned have executed or caused to be executed on their behalf this Amended and Restated Limited Liability Company Agreement as of the date first written above.

 

BT HOLDCO LLC
By:   /s/ Brandon Mintz
Name:   Brandon Mintz
Title:   Chief Executive Officer

 

Signature Page to BT HoldCo LLC Amended and Restated Limited Liability Company Agreement


BITCOIN DEPOT INC., as a Member
By:   /s/ Brandon Mintz
Name:   Brandon Mintz
Title:   President and Chief Executive Officer

 

Signature Page to BT HoldCo LLC Amended and Restated Limited Liability Company Agreement


BT ASSETS, INC., as a Member
By:   /s/ Brandon Mintz
Name:   Brandon Mintz
Title:   President

 

Signature Page to BT HoldCo LLC Amended and Restated Limited Liability Company Agreement


AMENDED AND RESTATED LIMITED LIABILITY COMPANY AGREEMENT

Joinder

The undersigned agrees to become a party to the Amended and Restated Limited Liability Company Agreement of BT HoldCo LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, dated as of June 30, 2023 (the “Agreement”), and agrees to be bound by the terms and conditions of the Agreement as a Member.

 

MEMBER:
[•]  
By:    
Its:  
Address for Notices:
[•]  
[•]  
[•]  
[•]  

Exhibit 10.2

 

 

 

TAX RECEIVABLE AGREEMENT

by and among

BITCOIN DEPOT INC.

BT HOLDCO LLC

and

BT ASSETS, INC.

Dated as of June 30, 2023

 

 

 


TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

         Page  

Article I. DEFINITIONS

     5  

Section 1.1

  Definitions      5  

Section 1.2

  Rules of Construction      13  

Article II. DETERMINATION OF REALIZED TAX BENEFIT

     13  

Section 2.1

  Basis Adjustments; LLC 754 Election      13  

Section 2.2

  Basis Schedules      14  

Section 2.3

  Tax Benefit Schedules      14  

Section 2.4

  Procedures; Amendments      15  

Article III. TAX BENEFIT PAYMENTS

     16  

Section 3.1

  Timing and Amount of Tax Benefit Payments      16  

Section 3.2

  No Duplicative Payments      19  

Section 3.3

  Late Payments      19  

Section 3.4

  Optional Estimated Tax Benefit Payment Procedure      19  

Section 3.5

  Overpayments      20  

Article IV. TERMINATION

     20  

Section 4.1

  Early Termination of Agreement; Breach of Agreement      20  

Section 4.2

  Early Termination Notice      22  

Section 4.3

  Payment Upon Early Termination      23  

Article V. SUBORDINATION AND LATE PAYMENTS

     23  

Section 5.1

  Subordination      23  

Section 5.2

  Late Payments by the Corporation      24  

Article VI. TAX MATTERS; CONSISTENCY; COOPERATION

     24  

Section 6.1

  Participation in the Corporation’s Tax Matters      24  

Section 6.2

  Consistency      24  

Section 6.3

  Cooperation      25  

Article VII. MISCELLANEOUS

     25  

Section 7.1

  Notices      25  

Section 7.2

  Counterparts      26  

Section 7.3

  Entire Agreement; No Third Party Beneficiaries      26  

Section 7.4

  Governing Law      27  

Section 7.5

  Severability      27  

 

2


Section 7.6

  Assignments; Amendments; Successors; No Waiver      27  

Section 7.7

  Titles and Subtitles      28  

Section 7.8

  Resolution of Disputes      28  

Section 7.9

  Reconciliation      29  

Section 7.10

  Withholding      30  

Section 7.11

  Admission of the Corporation into a Consolidated Group; Transfers of Corporate Assets      30  

Section 7.12

  Change in Law      31  

Section 7.13

  Interest Rate Limitation      31  

Section 7.14

  LLC Agreement      31  

Section 7.15

  Non-Effect of Other Tax Receivable Agreements      31  

Exhibits

 

Exhibit A

  -   

Form of Joinder Agreement

 

 

3


TAX RECEIVABLE AGREEMENT

This TAX RECEIVABLE AGREEMENT (as the same may be amended, restated, amended and restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time, this “Agreement”), dated as of June 30, 2023, is entered into by and among Bitcoin Depot Inc., a Delaware corporation (the “Corporation”), BT HoldCo LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (the “LLC”), and BT Assets, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the “TRA Holder”).

RECITALS

WHEREAS, prior to the Business Combination (as defined below), the TRA Holder owned all of the limited liability company interests of the LLC (the “Units”) and of Bitcoin Depot Operating LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (“BT OpCo”), and, in connection with the Business Combination, contributed all of the limited liability company interests of BT OpCo to the LLC;

Whereas, prior to the Business Combination, the LLC was treated as an entity disregarded as separate from the TRA Holder for U.S. federal income tax purposes;

WHEREAS, pursuant to the Transaction Agreement (as amended, the “Transaction Agreement”) by and among (i) the LLC (following its execution and delivery of a joinder to the Transaction Agreement), (ii) BT OpCo, (iii) the TRA Holder, (iv) GSR II Meteora Acquisition Corporation, a Delaware corporation and predecessor to the Corporation (“GSR”), and (v) GSR II Meteora Sponsor, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (“GSR Sponsor”), the Corporation acquired Units from BT Assets and the LLC pursuant to the terms set forth in the Transaction Agreement (the foregoing transaction, the “Business Combination”) and the parties to the Transaction Agreement undertook certain other transactions as described in the Transaction Agreement;

WHEREAS, pursuant to and subject to the terms of the LLC Agreement, from time to time, (x) the TRA Holder has the right to require the LLC to redeem (a “Redemption”) all or a portion of its Units for cash or, at the Corporation’s election, Class A Common Stock or Class M Common Stock, in either case contributed to the LLC by the Corporation; and (y) at the election of the Corporation in its sole discretion, the Corporation may effect a direct exchange (a “Direct Exchange”) of such cash or shares of Class A Common Stock or Class M Common Stock for such Units; and

WHEREAS, the Parties desire to provide for certain payments and make certain arrangements with respect to certain tax benefits derived by the Corporation as a result of the Business Combination, any Redemptions or Direct Exchanges and the receipt of payments under this Agreement.

 

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NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the foregoing and the respective covenants and agreements set forth in this Agreement, and intending to be legally bound, the Parties agree as follows:

ARTICLE I.

DEFINITIONS

Section 1.1 Definitions. As used in this Agreement, the terms set forth in this Article I have the following meanings (such meanings to be equally applicable to both (i) the singular and plural and (ii) the active and passive forms of the terms defined).

Advisory Firm” means any accounting firm that is nationally recognized as being an expert in Covered Tax matters and is not an Affiliate of the Corporation. The Advisory Firm shall be selected by the Corporation and shall be reasonably acceptable to the TRA Holder.

Actual Interest Amount” is defined in Section 3.1(b)(vi).

Actual Tax Liability” with respect to any Taxable Year, means the sum of (a) the actual liability for U.S. federal income taxes of the Corporation, (b) without duplication of the amount set forth in the preceding clause, the portion of any actual liability for U.S. federal income taxes imposed directly on the LLC (and any of the LLC’s Subsidiaries treated as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes) under Section 6225 of the Code that is allocable to the Corporation in accordance with the LLC Agreement and the Code, (c) the product of (i) the net positive amount of the U.S. federal taxable income (for the avoidance of doubt, determined without taking into account any U.S. federal benefit of any applicable state or local tax deduction and taking into account any net operating losses) for such Taxable Year reported on the Corporation’s IRS Form 1120 (or any successor form) and (ii) the Assumed State and Local Tax Rate, and (d) the actual liability of the Corporation for any Covered Taxes other than U.S. federal, state and local income taxes. For the avoidance of doubt, the calculation of the amount described in clause (a) shall take into account any U.S. federal income tax benefit realized by the Corporation with respect to state and local jurisdiction income taxes (with such benefit determined by taking into account an assumed deduction based on the amount computed under clause (c), and disregarding the actual deduction for state and local jurisdiction income taxes reflected on the Corporation’s income tax return).

Affiliate” with respect to any Person, means any other Person that directly or indirectly, through one or more intermediaries, Controls, is Controlled by, or is under common Control with, such first Person.

Agreed Rate” means SOFR plus 100 basis points.

Agreement” is defined in the preamble to this Agreement.

Amended Schedule” is defined in Section 2.4(b).

Assumed State and Local Tax Rate” means the tax rate equal to the sum of (a) for each state that imposes income or franchise taxes on the Corporation on its allocable share of income with respect to its interest in the LLC, the product of (i) the Corporation’s income tax apportionment factor for each such state and local jurisdiction in which the Corporation files income or franchise tax returns for the relevant Taxable Year and (ii) the highest corporate income and franchise tax rate in effect for such Taxable Year for each such state and local jurisdiction in which the Corporation files income tax returns for each relevant Taxable Year, and (b) for each

 

5


state that imposes income or franchise taxes directly on the LLC (and any of the LLC’s Subsidiaries treated as a partnership for state income tax purposes), the product of (i) the income tax apportionment factor for such LLC or Subsidiary, as applicable, for each such state in which the LLC or such Subsidiary files income or franchise tax returns for the relevant taxable year of such LLC or Subsidiary ending on or after the Business Combination Date and (ii) the highest income and franchise tax rate in effect applicable to the LLC or such Subsidiary, as applicable, for such taxable year for each such state in which the LLC or such Subsidiary files income or franchise tax returns.

Bankruptcy Code” is defined in Section 4.1(c).

Basis Adjustment” means the increase or decrease to the Corporation’s share of the tax basis of the Reference Assets (a) under Sections 734(b), 743(b) and 754 of the Code (in situations where, following an Exchange, the LLC remains in existence as an entity for tax purposes), (b) under Sections 732 and 1012 of the Code (in situations where, as a result of one or more Exchanges, the LLC becomes an entity that is disregarded as separate from its owner for tax purposes), and (c) under Sections 722, 723 and 1012 of the Code in accordance with Revenue Ruling 99-5, 1991-1 CB 434 (Situation 1) with respect to the Closing Date Exchange, in each case, as a result of the applicable Exchange and any payments made under this Agreement relating to such increase or decrease (other than any payments in respect of Imputed Interest). As relevant, Basis Adjustments are to be calculated pursuant to Treasury Regulations Section 1.743-1. Notwithstanding any other provision of this Agreement, the amount of any Basis Adjustment resulting from an Exchange of one or more Units shall be determined without regard to any Pre-Exchange Transfer of such Units and as if any such Pre-Exchange Transfer had not occurred.

Basis Schedule” is defined in Section 2.2.

Board” means the Board of Directors of the Corporation.

Business Combination” is defined in the recitals to this Agreement.

Business Combination Date” means the date of the closing of the Business Combination.

Business Day” means any day excluding Saturday, Sunday and any day that is a legal holiday under the laws of the State of New York or the State of Georgia or is a day on which banking institutions located in New York, New York or Atlanta, Georgia are closed.

Change of Control” has the meaning given to such term in the LLC Agreement.

Class A Common Stock” means the class A common stock, par value $0.0001 per share, of the Corporation.

Class M Common Stock” means the class M common stock, par value $0.0001 per share, of the Corporation.

Closing Date Exchange” means the BT Assets Unit Purchase (as defined in the Transaction Agreement).

 

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Code” means the U.S. Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended.

Common Basis” means the existing tax basis of the Reference Assets that are depreciable or amortizable (including assets that will eventually be subject to depreciation or amortization, once placed in service) for U.S. federal income tax purposes. For the avoidance of doubt, Common Basis shall not include any Basis Adjustments.

Common Basis Addback Amount” with respect to a Taxable Year, and for each Exchange occurring in such Taxable Year or that occurred in any of the fourteen (14) Taxable Years preceding the Taxable Year for which Hypothetical Tax Liability is determined, means the sum of the product of (a) the Common Basis, at the time of such Exchange, of each Subsequently Acquired Asset as of the time of such Exchange, (b) a fraction, the numerator of which is the number of Units transferred in such Exchange, and the denominator of which is the total number of outstanding Units immediately following such Exchange, and (c) a fraction, the numerator of which is one (1) and the denominator of which is fifteen (15).

Control” means the possession, direct or indirect, of the power to direct or cause the direction of the management and policies of a Person, whether through ownership of voting securities, by contract or other agreement.

Corporation” is defined in the preamble to this Agreement.

Covered Taxes” means any and all U.S. federal, state, local and foreign taxes, assessments or similar charges that are based on or measured with respect to net income or profits and any interest related to the foregoing.

Cumulative Net Realized Tax Benefit” is defined in Section 3.1(b)(ii).

Default Rate” means SOFR plus 450 basis points.

Default Rate Interest” is defined in Section 3.1(b)(vii).

Determination” has the meaning given to such term in Section 1313(a) of the Code or similar provision of U.S. state tax law, as applicable, or any other event (including the execution of IRS Form 870-AD) that finally and conclusively establishes the amount of any liability for tax.

Direct Exchange” is defined in the recitals to this Agreement.

Dispute” is defined in Section 7.8(a).

Early Termination Effective Date” means the date of an Early Termination Notice for purposes of determining the Early Termination Payment.

Early Termination Notice” is defined in Section 4.2.

Early Termination Payment” is defined in Section 4.3(b).

Early Termination Rate” means SOFR plus 100 basis points.

 

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Early Termination Reference Date” is defined in Section 4.2.

Early Termination Schedule” is defined in Section 4.2.

Estimated Tax Benefit Payment” is defined in Section 3.4.

Exchange” means the Closing Date Exchange, any Direct Exchange or Redemption (including any Change of Control Redemption, as defined in the LLC Agreement).

Exchange Date” means the date of any Exchange.

Expert” is defined in Section 7.9(a).

Final Payment Date” means any date on which a payment is required to be made pursuant to this Agreement. For the avoidance of doubt, the Final Payment Date in respect of a Tax Benefit Payment is determined pursuant to Section 3.1(a).

Hypothetical Tax Liability” with respect to any Taxable Year, means the sum of (a) the hypothetical liability for U.S. federal income taxes of the Corporation, (b) without duplication of the amount set forth in the preceding clause, the portion of any hypothetical liability for U.S. federal income taxes imposed directly on the LLC (and any of the LLC’s Subsidiaries treated as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes) under Section 6225 of the Code that is allocable to the Corporation in accordance with the LLC Agreement and the Code, (c) the product of (i) the net positive amount of the U.S. federal taxable income (for the avoidance of doubt, determined without taking into account any U.S. federal benefit of any applicable state or local tax deduction and taking into account any net operating losses) for purposes of determining such hypothetical liability for U.S. federal income taxes, and (ii) the Assumed State and Local Tax Rate, and (d) the hypothetical liability of the Corporation for any Covered Taxes other than U.S. federal, state and local income taxes. The liability in clauses (a) through (d) above shall be determined by, without duplication, (i) with respect to any Originally Held Asset, calculating depreciation, amortization, or other similar deductions, or otherwise calculating any items of income, gain, deduction or loss, by reference to the Non-Adjusted Tax Basis as reflected on the applicable Basis Schedule, including amendments, for the Taxable Year, (ii) excluding the effect of any and all Basis Adjustments, (iii) including in income of the Corporation the Common Basis Addback Amount for the Taxable Year, (iv) excluding the impact of Section 704(c) Items (which, for the avoidance of doubt, shall not duplicate the effects of clause (i)), and (v) excluding any deduction attributable to Imputed Interest for the Taxable Year. For the avoidance of doubt, the Hypothetical Tax Liability shall be determined without taking into account the carryover or carryback of any tax item attributable to any of the items described in clauses (i) through (v) of the previous sentence. For the avoidance of doubt, the calculation of the amount described in clause (a) shall take into account any U.S. federal income tax benefit that would be realized by the Corporation with respect to state and local jurisdiction income taxes (with such benefit determined by taking into account an assumed deduction based on the amount computed under clause (c), and disregarding the hypothetical deduction for state and local jurisdiction income taxes of the Corporation).

Imputed Interest” is defined in Section 3.1(b)(v).

IRS” means the U.S. Internal Revenue Service.

 

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Joinder” means a joinder to this Agreement, in form and substance substantially similar to Exhibit A to this Agreement.

Joinder Requirement” is defined in Section 7.6(a).

LLC” is defined in the preamble to this Agreement.

LLC Agreement” means the Amended and Restated Limited Liability Company Agreement of the LLC, dated as of June 30, 2023, as such agreement may be further amended, restated, supplemented and/or otherwise modified from time to time.

LLC Group” means the LLC and any direct or indirect Subsidiary (owned through a chain of entities each of which is treated as a partnership or a disregarded entity for U.S. federal income tax purposes) of the LLC that is treated as a partnership or disregarded entity for U.S. federal income tax purposes.

Maximum Rate” is defined in Section 7.13.

Net Tax Benefit” is defined in Section 3.1(b)(i).

Non-Adjusted Tax Basis” in the case of any Originally Held Asset that is depreciable or amortizable (including, for the avoidance of doubt, any amortizable Section 197 intangible (as such term is used in the Code)), means the tax basis of such Originally Held Asset for U.S. federal income tax purposes, treating such Originally Held Asset as having a Common Basis of zero at all times.

Non-TRA Portion” is defined in Section 2.3(b).

Objection Notice” is defined in Section 2.4(a)(i).

Original Liability” means any liability described in Treasury Regulations Section 1.752-7(b)(3) of any member of the LLC Group as of the Business Combination.

Originally Held Asset” means any Reference Asset that was a Reference Asset at the time of the Business Combination.

Parties” means the parties named on the signature pages to this agreement and each additional party that satisfies the Joinder Requirement, in each case with their respective successors and assigns.

Person” means any individual, corporation, firm, partnership, joint venture, limited liability company, estate, trust, business association, organization, governmental entity or other entity.

Pre-Exchange Transfer” means any transfer of one or more Units (a) that occurs after the Business Combination but prior to an Exchange of such Units and (b) to which Section 743(b) of the Code applies.

 

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Realized Tax Benefit” is defined in Section 3.1(b)(iii).

Realized Tax Detriment” is defined in Section 3.1(b)(iv).

Reconciliation Dispute” is defined in Section 7.9(a).

Reconciliation Procedures” is defined in Section 2.4(a).

Redemption” is defined in the recitals to this Agreement.

Reference Asset” means any tangible or intangible asset of any member of the LLC Group or any of their respective successors or assigns, whether held directly by the LLC or indirectly by the LLC through any entity in which the LLC now holds or may subsequently hold an ownership interest (but only if such entity is treated as a partnership or disregarded entity for U.S. federal income tax purposes and applicable state and local income tax purposes). A Reference Asset also includes any asset the tax basis of which is determined, in whole or in part, by reference to the tax basis of an asset that is described in the preceding sentence, including “substituted basis property” within the meaning of Section 7701(a)(42) of the Code.

Rules” is defined in Section 7.8(a).

Schedule” means any of the following: (a) a Basis Schedule, (b) a Tax Benefit Schedule, or (c) the Early Termination Schedule, and, in each case, any amendments.

Section 704(c) Items” means the additional allocations of tax items of income, gain, deduction and loss to, or away from, the Corporation pursuant to Section 704(c) of the Code and the Treasury Regulations thereunder (including pursuant to any “reverse Section 704(c)” allocations) in respect of (a) any difference between the fair market value and the tax basis of any Originally Held Asset immediately following the Business Combination and (b) any Original Liabilities, in each case as compared to the tax items of income, gain, deduction and loss to, or away from, the Corporation that would have been allocated if Section 704(c) of the Code and the Treasury Regulations thereunder were not taken into account. For the avoidance of doubt, the foregoing would include disproportionate allocations (if any) of tax items of income, gain, deduction and loss to a TRA Holder and away from the Corporation.

Senior Obligations” is defined in Section 5.1.

SOFR” means for each month (or portion thereof) during any period, an interest rate per annum equal to the rate per annum reported, on the date two Business Days prior to the first Business Day of such month, on the applicable Bloomberg screen page (or other commercially available source providing quotations of SOFR) for the Secured Overnight Financing Rate as published by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York for such month (or portion thereof). In no event will SOFR be less than 0%.

Subsequently Acquired Asset” means any Reference Asset that became a Reference Asset after the Business Combination.

 

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Subsidiary” means, with respect to any Person and as of the date of any determination, any other Person as to which such Person, owns, directly or indirectly, or otherwise controls, more than 50% of the voting power or other similar interests, or the sole general partner interest, or managing member or similar interest, of such Person.

Subsidiary Stock” means any stock or other equity interest in any Subsidiary of the Corporation that is treated as a corporation for U.S. federal income tax purposes and applicable state and local tax purposes.

Tax Benefit Payment” is defined in Section 3.1(b).

Tax Benefit Schedule” is defined in Section 2.3(a).

Tax Return” means any return, declaration, report or similar statement filed or required to be filed with any Taxing Authority in respect to taxes (including any attached schedules), including any information return, claim for refund, amended return and declaration of estimated tax.

Taxable Year” means a taxable year of the Corporation as defined in Section 441(b) of the Code or comparable section of U.S. state or local tax law, as applicable (and, therefore, for the avoidance of doubt, may include a period of less than 12 months for which a Tax Return is made), ending on or after the Business Combination Date.

Taxing Authority” means any national, federal, state, county, municipal, or local government, or any subdivision, agency, commission or authority thereof, or any quasi-governmental body, or any other authority of any kind, exercising regulatory or other authority in relation to tax matters.

Termination Objection Notice” is defined in Section 4.2.

TRA Holder” is defined in the preamble to this Agreement.

TRA Portion” is defined in Section 2.3(b).

Transaction Agreement” is defined in the recitals to this Agreement.

Treasury Regulations” means the final, temporary, and (to the extent they can be relied upon) proposed regulations under the Code, as promulgated from time to time (including corresponding provisions and succeeding provisions) as in effect for the relevant taxable period.

True-Up” is defined in Section 3.4.

U.S.” means the United States of America.

Units” is defined in the recitals to this Agreement.

 

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Valuation Assumptions” means, as of an Early Termination Effective Date, the assumptions that:

(a) in each Taxable Year ending on or after such Early Termination Effective Date, the Corporation will have taxable income sufficient to fully use the deductions arising from the Basis Adjustments, Common Basis (limited, in the case of Subsequently Acquired Assets, to the Common Basis Addback Amount for such Taxable Year), Section 704(c) Items, and the Imputed Interest during such Taxable Year or future Taxable Years (including, for the avoidance of doubt, Basis Adjustments and Imputed Interest that would result from future Tax Benefit Payments that would be paid in accordance with the Valuation Assumptions) in which such deductions would become available, taking into account clause (4) below;

(b) (i) the U.S. federal income tax rates that will be in effect for each such Taxable Year will be those specified for each such Taxable Year by the Code and other law as in effect on the Early Termination Effective Date, except to the extent any change to such tax rates for such Taxable Year have already been enacted into law, and (ii) the combined U.S. state and local income tax rates for each such Taxable Year shall be the Assumed State and Local Tax Rate for the Taxable Year that includes the Early Termination Effective Date;

(c) all taxable income of the Corporation will be subject to the maximum applicable tax rates for each Covered Tax throughout the relevant period, except the combined tax rate for U.S. state and local income taxes shall be the Assumed State and Local Tax Rate;

(d) any loss or disallowed interest or other loss carryovers or carryforwards generated by any Basis Adjustments, Common Basis, Section 704(c) Items, or Imputed Interest (including any such Basis Adjustments and Imputed Interest generated as a result of payments under this Agreement) and available as of the Early Termination Effective Date will be used by the Corporation on a pro rata basis over a fifteen-year period beginning on the Early Termination Effective Date, or up through their scheduled expiration under applicable law (if earlier);

(e) any non-amortizable assets (other than Subsidiary Stock) will be disposed of on the earlier of (i) the fifteenth anniversary of the applicable Basis Adjustment (or, if such Basis Adjustment occurred more than fifteen years before the Early Termination Effective Date, the Early Termination Effective Date) and (ii) the fifteenth anniversary of the Early Termination Effective Date;

(f) any Subsidiary Stock will be deemed never to be disposed of except if Subsidiary Stock is directly disposed of in a Change of Control;

(g) if, on the Early Termination Effective Date, the TRA Holder has Units that have not been Exchanged, then such Units shall be deemed to be Exchanged for the fair market value of the cash, Class A Common Stock or Class M Common Stock that would be received by the TRA Holder if such Units had been Exchanged on the Early Termination Effective Date, and the TRA Holder shall be deemed to receive the amount of cash the TRA Holder would have been entitled to pursuant to Section 4.3(a) had such Units actually been Exchanged on the Early Termination Effective Date; and

 

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(h) any payment obligations pursuant to this Agreement will be satisfied on the date that any Tax Return to which such payment obligation relates is required to be filed under applicable law as of the Early Termination Effective Date excluding any extensions.

Section 1.2 Rules of Construction. Unless otherwise specified in this Agreement:

(a) The meanings of defined terms are equally applicable to the singular and plural forms of the defined terms.

(b) For purposes of interpretation of this Agreement:

(i) References in this Agreement to a Schedule, Article, Section, clause or sub-clause refer to the appropriate Schedule to, or Article, Section, clause or subclause in, this Agreement.

(ii) References in this Agreement to dollars or “$” refer to the lawful currency of the United States of America.

(iii) The term “including” is by way of example and not limitation.

(iv) The term “documents” includes any and all instruments, documents, agreements, certificates, notices, reports, financial statements and other writings, however evidenced, whether in physical or electronic form.

(v) The term “or” shall not be exclusive and shall instead mean “and/or.”

(c) In the computation of periods of time from a specified date to a later specified date, the word “from” means “from and including;” the words “to” and “until” each mean “to but excluding;” and the word “through” means “to and including.”

(d) Unless otherwise expressly provided: (i) references to organization documents (including the LLC Agreement), agreements (including this Agreement) and other contractual instruments shall be deemed to include all subsequent amendments, restatements, extensions, supplements and other modifications, but only to the extent that such amendments, restatements, extensions, supplements and other modifications are permitted hereby; and (ii) references to any law (including the Code and the Treasury Regulations) shall include all statutory and regulatory provisions consolidating, amending, replacing, supplementing or interpreting such law.

ARTICLE II.

DETERMINATION OF REALIZED TAX BENEFIT

Section 2.1 Basis Adjustments; LLC 754 Election.

(a) Basis Adjustments. The Parties acknowledge and agree to treat, to the fullest extent permitted by law, (A) each Direct Exchange as giving rise to Basis Adjustments, (B) each Redemption (including any Change of Control Redemption, as defined in the LLC Agreement) using cash, Class A Common Stock or Class M Common Stock contributed to the LLC by the Corporation as a direct purchase of Units by the Corporation from the TRA Holder pursuant to

 

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Section 707(a)(2)(B) of the Code giving rise to Basis Adjustments, and (C) the Closing Date Exchange as a sale by BT Assets of a portion of each asset held by the LLC prior to the Business Combination to the Corporation in accordance with Revenue Ruling 99-5, 1991-1 CB 434 (Situation 1) giving rise to Basis Adjustments. For the avoidance of doubt, payments made under this Agreement shall not be treated as resulting in a Basis Adjustment to the extent such payments are treated as Imputed Interest.

(b) Section 754 Election. The Corporation shall ensure that, for the Taxable Year that includes the Business Combination Date and for each Taxable Year thereafter throughout the term of this Agreement, the LLC and each other member of the LLC Group that is treated as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes (and for which the Corporation controls the preparation of the relevant Tax Return and elections made on such Tax Return) will have in effect an election under Section 754 of the Code (and under any similar provisions of applicable U.S. state or local law), in each case, to the extent that such election would result in an adjustment to the Corporation’s share of the tax basis of the assets owned by the LLC Group as of the date of the relevant Exchange.

Section 2.2 Basis Schedules. Within sixty (60) days after the filing of the U.S. federal income Tax Return of the Corporation for each relevant Taxable Year, the Corporation shall deliver to the TRA Holder a schedule developed in consultation with the Advisory Firm (the “Basis Schedule”) that shows, in reasonable detail as necessary in order to understand the calculations performed under this Agreement: (a) the Basis Adjustments with respect to the Reference Assets as a result of the relevant Exchanges effected in such Taxable Year, (b) the period (or periods) over which each Basis Adjustment is amortizable and/or depreciable, (c) the Non-Adjusted Tax Basis with respect to the Reference Assets described in clause (a) as of each relevant Exchange, (d) the Common Basis that remains (if any) and may give rise to payments pursuant to the terms of this Agreement, and (e) the period (or periods) over which the Common Basis is amortizable and/or depreciable. The Basis Schedule will become final and binding on the Parties pursuant to the procedures set forth in Section 2.4(a) and may be amended by the Parties pursuant to the procedures set forth in Section 2.4(b).

Section 2.3 Tax Benefit Schedules.

(a) Tax Benefit Schedule. Within sixty (60) days after the filing of the U.S. federal income Tax Return of the Corporation for any Taxable Year in which there is a Realized Tax Benefit or Realized Tax Detriment, the Corporation shall provide to the TRA Holder a schedule developed in consultation with the Advisory Firm showing, in reasonable detail, the calculation of the Realized Tax Benefit or Realized Tax Detriment for such Taxable Year (a “Tax Benefit Schedule”). The Tax Benefit Schedule will become final and binding on the Parties pursuant to the procedures set forth in Section 2.4(a), and may be amended by the Parties pursuant to the procedures set forth in Section 2.4(b).

(b) Applicable Principles. Subject to the provisions of this Agreement, the Realized Tax Benefit or Realized Tax Detriment for each Taxable Year is intended to measure the decrease or increase in the Actual Tax Liability for such Taxable Year attributable to the Basis Adjustments, Common Basis (limited, in the case of Subsequently Acquired Assets, to the Common Basis Addback Amount for such Taxable Year), Section 704(c) Items, and Imputed Interest, as

 

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determined using a “with and without” methodology described in Section 2.4(a). To the extent any portion of a Realized Tax Benefit could be attributed to both Common Basis and a Section 704(c) Item, the Realized Tax Benefit shall be attributed to Common Basis. Carryovers, carryforwards, or carrybacks of any tax item attributable to any Basis Adjustment, Common Basis, Section 704(c) Item, or Imputed Interest or any other tax item in respect thereof shall be considered to be subject to the rules of the Code and the Treasury Regulations or the appropriate provisions of U.S. state or local tax law, as applicable, governing the use, limitation, and expiration of carryovers, carryforwards, carrybacks or other tax items of the relevant type. If a carryover or carryback of any tax item includes a portion that is attributable to any Basis Adjustments, Common Basis, Section 704(c) Items or Imputed Interest (a “TRA Portion”) and another portion that is not (a “Non-TRA Portion”), such portions shall be considered to be used in accordance with the “with and without” methodology so that: (i) the amount of any Non-TRA Portion is deemed utilized first, followed by the amount of any TRA Portion (calculated by taking into account the provisions of Section 3.3(a) to the extent applicable); and (ii) in the case of a carryback of a Non-TRA Portion, such carryback shall not affect the original “with and without” calculation made in the prior Taxable Year. To the extent permitted by applicable law, (i) the Parties agree to treat all Tax Benefit Payments (other than Imputed Interest) (A) as subsequent upward purchase price adjustments that give rise to further Basis Adjustments and (B) as having the effect of creating additional Basis Adjustments arising in the Taxable Year in which the applicable Tax Benefit Payment is made, and (ii) as a result, the Parties agree to treat any additional Basis Adjustments arising from such a Tax Benefit Payment as giving rise to a Basis Adjustment in the Taxable Year in which the Tax Benefit Payment is made on an iterative basis continuing until any incremental Basis Adjustment is immaterial, as reasonably determined by the TRA Holder and the Corporation in good faith and in consultation with the Advisory Firm.

Section 2.4 Procedures; Amendments.

(a) Procedures. Each time the Corporation delivers an applicable Schedule to the TRA Holder, including any Amended Schedule delivered pursuant to Section 2.4(b), but excluding any Early Termination Schedule or amended Early Termination Schedule delivered pursuant to Section 4.2, the Corporation shall also: (x) deliver supporting schedules and work papers from an Advisory Firm and any additional materials reasonably requested by the TRA Holder that are reasonably necessary in order to understand the calculations that were relevant for purposes of preparing the Schedule; and (y) allow the TRA Holder and its advisors to have reasonable access to the appropriate representatives, as reasonably requested by the TRA Holder, at the Corporation and the applicable Advisory Firm in connection with its review of such Schedule. Without limiting the generality of the preceding sentence, the Corporation shall ensure that any Tax Benefit Schedule that is delivered to the TRA Holder, along with any supporting schedules and work papers, provides a reasonably detailed presentation of the calculation of the Actual Tax Liability (the “with” calculation) and the Hypothetical Tax Liability (the “without” calculation), and identifies any material assumptions or operating procedures or principles that were used for purposes of such calculations. An applicable Schedule shall become final and binding on the Parties forty-five (45) days from the date on which the TRA Holder first receives the applicable Schedule (and supporting schedules and work papers) unless:

(i) the TRA Holder within forty-five (45) days after receiving the applicable Schedule (and supporting schedules and work papers) provides the Corporation with written notice of a material objection to such Schedule that is made in good faith and that sets forth in reasonable detail the TRA Holder’s material objection (an “Objection Notice”); or

 

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(ii) the TRA Holder provides a written waiver of its right to deliver an Objection Notice within the time period described in clause (i) above, in which case such Schedule becomes binding on the date the waiver from the TRA Holder is received by the Corporation.

In the event that the TRA Holder timely delivers an Objection Notice pursuant to clause (i) above, and if the Corporation and the TRA Holder, for any reason, are unable to successfully resolve the issues raised in the Objection Notice through good faith discussions within thirty (30) days after receipt by the Corporation of the Objection Notice, the Corporation and the TRA Holder shall employ the reconciliation procedures as described in Section 7.9 (the “Reconciliation Procedures”).

(b) Amended Schedule. The applicable Schedule for any Taxable Year may be amended from time to time by the Corporation: (i) in connection with a Determination affecting such Schedule; (ii) to correct inaccuracies in the Schedule identified as a result of the receipt of additional factual information relating to a Taxable Year after the date the Schedule was originally provided to the TRA Holder; (iii) to comply with an Expert’s determination under the Reconciliation Procedures applicable to this Agreement; (iv) to reflect a change in the Realized Tax Benefit or Realized Tax Detriment for such Taxable Year attributable to a carryback or carryforward of a loss or other tax item to such Taxable Year; (v) to reflect a change in the Realized Tax Benefit or Realized Tax Detriment for such Taxable Year attributable to an amended Tax Return filed for such Taxable Year; or (vi) to adjust a Basis Schedule to take into account any Tax Benefit Payments made pursuant to this Agreement (any such Schedule, an “Amended Schedule”). The Corporation shall provide any Amended Schedule to the TRA Holder within thirty (30) calendar days of the occurrence of an event referred to in clauses (i) through (vi) of the preceding sentence, and any such Amended Schedule shall be subject to the procedures set forth in Section 2.4(a).

ARTICLE III.

TAX BENEFIT PAYMENTS

Section 3.1 Timing and Amount of Tax Benefit Payments.

(a) Timing and Amount of Payments to TRA Holder. Except as provided in Section 3.4, and subject to Section 3.2, Section 3.3 and Section 3.6, within five (5) Business Days following the date on which each Tax Benefit Schedule becomes final in accordance with Section 2.4(a), the Corporation shall pay to the TRA Holder the Tax Benefit Payment as determined pursuant to Section 3.1(b). Each such Tax Benefit Payment shall be made by wire transfer of immediately available funds to the bank account previously designated by the TRA Holder or as otherwise agreed by the Corporation and the TRA Holder. For the avoidance of doubt, (i) no Tax Benefit Payment shall be required to be made in respect of estimated tax payments, including estimated U.S. federal income tax payments, and (ii) without limiting the Corporation’s ability to make offsets against Tax Benefit Payments with respect to the TRA Holder to the extent permitted by Section 3.5, the TRA Holder shall not be required under any circumstances to return any portion of any Tax Benefit Payment previously paid by the Corporation to the TRA Holder (including any portion of any Estimated Tax Benefit Payment or any Early Termination Payment).

 

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(b) Amount of Payments. For purposes of this Agreement, a “Tax Benefit Payment” means an amount, not less than zero, equal to the sum of: (i) the Net Tax Benefit (including Imputed Interest, if any, calculated in respect of such amount); and (ii) the Actual Interest Amount and any Default Rate Interest with respect to the Net Tax Benefit described in (i).

(i) Net Tax Benefit. The “Net Tax Benefit” for a Taxable Year equals the amount of the excess, if any, of (x) 85% of the Cumulative Net Realized Tax Benefit as of the end of such Taxable Year over (y) the aggregate amount of all Tax Benefit Payments previously made under this Section 3.1. For the avoidance of doubt, without limiting the Corporation’s ability to make offsets against Tax Benefit Payments to the extent permitted by Section 3.5, if the Cumulative Net Realized Tax Benefit as of the end of any Taxable Year is less than the aggregate amount of all Tax Benefit Payments previously made, the TRA Holder shall not be required to return any portion of any Tax Benefit Payment previously made by the Corporation to the TRA Holder.

(ii) Cumulative Net Realized Tax Benefit. The “Cumulative Net Realized Tax Benefit” for a Taxable Year equals the cumulative amount of Realized Tax Benefits for all Taxable Years of the Corporation, up to and including such Taxable Year, net of the cumulative amount of Realized Tax Detriments for the same periods. The Realized Tax Benefit and Realized Tax Detriment for each Taxable Year shall be determined based on the most recent Tax Benefit Schedule or Amended Schedule, if any, in existence at the time of such determination. The computation of the Cumulative Net Realized Tax Benefit shall be adjusted to reflect any applicable Determination with respect to any Realized Tax Benefits and/or Realized Tax Detriments.

(iii) Realized Tax Benefit. The “Realized Tax Benefit” for a Taxable Year equals the excess, if any, of (a) the Hypothetical Tax Liability over (b) the Actual Tax Liability for such Taxable Year. If all or a portion of the Actual Tax Liability for the Taxable Year arises as a result of an audit by a Taxing Authority of any Taxable Year, such liability shall not be included in determining the Realized Tax Benefit unless and until there has been a Determination.

(iv) Realized Tax Detriment. The “Realized Tax Detriment” for a Taxable Year equals the excess, if any, of (a) the Actual Tax Liability over (b) the Hypothetical Tax Liability for such Taxable Year. If all or a portion of the Actual Tax Liability for the Taxable Year arises as a result of an audit by a Taxing Authority of any Taxable Year, such liability shall not be included in determining the Realized Tax Detriment unless and until there has been a Determination.

(v) Imputed Interest. The Parties acknowledge that the principles of Sections 1272, 1274 or 483 of the Code, as applicable, and the principles of any similar provision of U.S. state and local tax law, may apply to cause a portion of any payments by the Corporation to the TRA Holder under this Agreement to be treated as imputed interest

 

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(“Imputed Interest”). For the avoidance of doubt, the deduction for the amount of Imputed Interest, if any, as determined with respect to any payments made by the Corporation to the TRA Holder shall be excluded in determining the Hypothetical Tax Liability for purposes of calculating Realized Tax Benefits and Realized Tax Detriments pursuant to this Agreement.

(vi) Actual Interest Amount. Subject to Section 3.4, the “Actual Interest Amount” calculated in respect of the Net Tax Benefit for a Taxable Year will equal an amount equal to interest calculated at the Agreed Rate from the due date (without extensions) for filing the U.S. federal income Tax Return of the Corporation for such Taxable Year until the date on which the Corporation makes a timely Tax Benefit Payment to the TRA Holder on or before the Final Payment Date as determined pursuant to Section 3.1(a).

(vii) Default Rate Interest. In accordance with Section 5.2, in the event that the Corporation does not make timely payment of all or any portion of a Tax Benefit Payment to the TRA Holder on or before the Final Payment Date as determined pursuant to Section 3.1(a), the amount of any “Default Rate Interest” calculated and payable in accordance with Section 5.2 in respect of the Tax Benefit Payment (including previously accrued Imputed Interest and Actual Interest Amounts) for a Taxable Year will equal interest calculated at the Default Rate from the Final Payment Date for a Tax Benefit Payment as determined pursuant to Section 3.1(a) until the date on which the Corporation makes such Tax Benefit Payment to the TRA Holder.

(viii) The Corporation and the TRA Holder hereby acknowledge and agree that, as of the date of this Agreement and as of the date of any future Exchange that may be subject to this Agreement, the aggregate value of the Tax Benefit Payments cannot be reasonably ascertained for U.S. federal income or other applicable tax purposes. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Agreement, if the TRA Holder notifies the Corporation in writing of a stated maximum selling price (within the meaning of Treasury Regulation 15A.453-1(c)(2)), the amount of the consideration received in connection with the Closing Date Exchange and any subsequent Exchange, plus the aggregate Tax Benefit Payments to the TRA Holder (other than amounts accounted for as interest under the Code), shall not exceed such stated maximum selling price.

(c) Interest. The provisions of Section 3.1(b) and Section 5.2 in respect of Default Rate Interest are intended to operate so that interest will effectively accrue (or in the case of Imputed Interest be treated as accruing solely for U.S. federal income or applicable state or local income tax purposes) in respect of the Net Tax Benefit (or Tax Benefit Payment in respect of any Actual Interest Amount or Default Rate Interest) for any Taxable Year as follows:

(i) first, solely for U.S. federal income or applicable state or local income tax purposes, at the applicable rate used to determine the amount of Imputed Interest under the Code from the Business Combination Date or the relevant Exchange Date until the due date (without extensions) for filing the U.S. federal income Tax Return of the Corporation for such Taxable Year and, if required under applicable law, through the Final Payment Date for a Tax Benefit Payment as determined pursuant to Section 3.1(a);

 

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(ii) second, at the Agreed Rate from the due date (without extensions) for filing the U.S. federal income Tax Return of the Corporation for such Taxable Year until the Final Payment Date for a Tax Benefit Payment as determined pursuant to Section 3.1(a); and

(iii) third, in accordance with Section 5.2, at the Default Rate from the Final Payment Date for a Tax Benefit Payment as determined pursuant to Section 3.1(a) until the date on which the Corporation makes the relevant Tax Benefit Payment to the TRA Holder.

Section 3.2 No Duplicative Payments. It is intended that the provisions of this Agreement will not result in the duplicative payment of any amount (including interest) that may be required under this Agreement and the provisions of this Agreement shall be consistently interpreted and applied in accordance with that intent.

Section 3.3 Late Payments. If for any reason the Corporation is not able to timely and fully satisfy its payment obligations under this Agreement in respect of a particular Taxable Year, then Default Rate Interest will begin to accrue pursuant to Section 5.2 (and, for the avoidance of doubt, shall continue to accrue pursuant to Section 5.2 until the Tax Benefit Payments have been made in full without regard to the provisions of this Section 3.3).

Section 3.4 Optional Estimated Tax Benefit Payment Procedure(a) . As long as the Corporation is current in respect of its payment obligations owed to the TRA Holder pursuant to this Agreement and there are no delinquent Tax Benefit Payments (including interest thereon) outstanding in respect of prior Taxable Years, the Corporation may, at any time on or after the due date (without extensions) for filing the U.S. federal income Tax Return of the Corporation for a Taxable Year and at the Corporation’s option, in its sole discretion, make one or more estimated payments to the TRA Holder in respect of any anticipated amounts to be owed with respect to a Taxable Year to the TRA Holder pursuant to Section 3.1 (any such estimated payment, an “Estimated Tax Benefit Payment”). Any Estimated Tax Benefit Payment made under this Section 3.4 shall be paid by the Corporation to the TRA Holder and applied against the final amount of any Tax Benefit Payment to be made pursuant to Section 3.1. The payment of an Estimated Tax Benefit Payment by the Corporation to the TRA Holder pursuant to this Section 3.4 shall also terminate the obligation of the Corporation to make payment of any Actual Interest Amount that might have otherwise accrued with respect to the proportionate amount of the Tax Benefit Payment that is being paid in advance of the applicable Tax Benefit Schedule being finalized pursuant to Section 2.4. Upon the making of any Estimated Tax Benefit Payment pursuant to this Section 3.4, the amount of such Estimated Tax Benefit Payment shall first be applied to any estimated Actual Interest Amount, and then applied to the remaining residual amount of the Tax Benefit Payment to be made pursuant to Section 3.1. In determining the final amount of any Tax Benefit Payment to be made pursuant to Section 3.1, and for purposes of finalizing the Tax Benefit Schedule pursuant to Section 2.4, the amount of any Estimated Tax Benefit Payments that may have been made with respect to the Taxable Year shall be increased if the finally determined Tax Benefit Payment for a Taxable Year exceeds the Estimated Tax Benefit Payments made for such Taxable Year, with such increase being paid by the Corporation to the TRA Holder along with an appropriate Actual Interest Amount (and any Default Rate Interest) in respect of the amount of such increase (a “True-Up”). If any Estimated Tax Benefit Payments to the TRA Holder for a Taxable Year exceed the finally determined Tax Benefit Payment to the TRA Holder for such

 

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Taxable Year, such excess shall be applied to reduce the amount of any subsequent future Tax Benefit Payments (including Estimated Tax Benefit Payments, if any) to be paid by the Corporation to the TRA Holder. As of the date on which any Estimated Tax Benefit Payments are made, and as of the date on which any True-Up is made, except as provided in this Section 3.4, all such payments shall be made in the same manner and subject to the same terms and conditions as otherwise contemplated by Section 3.1 and all other applicable terms of this Agreement. For the avoidance of doubt, as is the case with Tax Benefit Payments made by the Corporation to the TRA Holder pursuant to Section 3.1, the Parties intend to treat the amount of any Estimated Tax Benefit Payments made pursuant to this Section 3.4 that are attributable to an Exchange in part as subsequent upward purchase price adjustments that give rise to Basis Adjustments in the Taxable Year of payment to the extent permitted by applicable law and as of the date on which such payments are made (exclusive of any amounts treated as Imputed Interest); provided that any additional Basis Adjustments arising from an Estimated Tax Benefit Payment will be determined on an iterative basis continuing until any incremental Basis Adjustment is immaterial as determined by the TRA Holder and the Corporation in good faith and in consultation with the Advisory Firm.

Section 3.5 Overpayments(a) . To the extent the Corporation makes any Tax Benefit Payment to the TRA Holder in respect of a particular Taxable Year in an amount in excess of the amount of such payment that should have been made to the TRA Holder in respect of such Taxable Year (taking into account this Article III) under the terms of this Agreement, then such excess shall be applied to reduce the amount of any subsequent future Tax Benefit Payments (including Estimated Tax Benefit Payments, if any) to be paid by the Corporation to the TRA Holder and the TRA Holder shall not receive any further Tax Benefit Payments (including Estimated Tax Benefit Payments, if any) until the TRA Holder has foregone an amount of Tax Benefit Payments equal to such excess. The amount of any excess Tax Benefit Payment shall be deemed to have been paid by the Corporation to the TRA Holder on the original due date for the filing of the subsequent Tax Return to which the excess Tax Benefit Payment relates for purposes of determining the Actual Interest Amount to which the TRA Holder shall be entitled. Notwithstanding the foregoing or anything to the contrary contained in this Agreement, the TRA Holder shall not be required, under any circumstances, to return any portion of any Tax Benefit Payment previously paid by the Corporation to the TRA Holder (including any portion of any Estimated Tax Benefit Payment or any Early Termination Payment).

ARTICLE IV.

TERMINATION

Section 4.1 Early Termination of Agreement; Breach of Agreement.

(a) Corporation’s Early Termination Right. With the approval of a majority of the independent directors serving on its Board of Directors, the Corporation may completely terminate this Agreement, as and to the extent provided in this Agreement, with respect to all amounts payable to the TRA Holder pursuant to this Agreement by paying to the TRA Holder the Early Termination Payment; provided that the Corporation may withdraw any notice to execute its termination rights under this Section 4.1(a) prior to the time at which any Early Termination Payment has been paid. Upon the Corporation’s payment of the Early Termination Payment, the Corporation shall not have any further payment obligations under this Agreement, other than with

 

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respect to any: (i) prior Tax Benefit Payments that are due and payable under this Agreement but that still remain unpaid as of the date of the Early Termination Notice and that remain unpaid as of the payment of the Early Termination Payment (which Tax Benefit Payments shall not be included in the Early Termination Payment); and (ii) current Tax Benefit Payments due for the Taxable Year ending on or including the date of the Early Termination Notice (except to the extent that the amount described in clause (ii) is included in the calculation of the Early Termination Payment or is included in clause (i)) that remain unpaid as of the payment of the Early Termination Payment. If an Exchange subsequently occurs with respect to Units for which the Corporation has exercised its termination rights under this Section 4.1(a) and paid all amounts owed in connection with the exercise of such rights, the Corporation shall have no obligations under this Agreement with respect to such Exchange.

(b) Acceleration Upon Change of Control. In the event of a Change of Control, all obligations hereunder shall be accelerated and such obligations shall be calculated pursuant to this Article IV as if an Early Termination Notice had been delivered on the closing date of the Change of Control and utilizing the Valuation Assumptions by substituting the phrase “the closing date of a Change of Control” in each place where the phrase “Early Termination Effective Date” appears. Such obligations shall include, without duplication, (i) the Early Termination Payments calculated as if an Early Termination Notice had been delivered on the closing date of the Change of Control, (ii) any Tax Benefit Payments agreed to by the Corporation and the TRA Holder as due and payable but unpaid as of the Early Termination Notice (which Tax Benefit Payments shall not be included in the Early Termination Payments) and that remain unpaid as of the payment of the Early Termination Payment, and (iii) any Tax Benefit Payments due for any Taxable Year ending prior to, with or including the closing date of a Change of Control unpaid as of the Early Termination Notice (except to the extent that any amounts described in clause (iii) are included in the Early Termination Payment or are included in clause (ii)) and that remain unpaid as of the payment of the Early Termination Payment. For the avoidance of doubt, Section 4.2 and Section 4.3 shall apply to a Change of Control, mutatis mutandis.

(c) Acceleration Upon Material Breach of Agreement. In the event that the Corporation materially breaches any of its material obligations under this Agreement, whether as a result of failure to make any payment when due (subject to the remaining provisions of this Section 4.1(c)), failure to honor any other material obligation required hereunder, or by operation of law as a result of the rejection of this Agreement in a case commenced under Title 11 of the United States Code (11 U.S.C. § 101 et seq.) (the “Bankruptcy Code”) or otherwise (“Material Breach”), then all obligations of the Corporation hereunder shall be accelerated and become immediately due and payable and such obligations shall be calculated as if an Early Termination Notice had been delivered on the date of such notice of acceleration (or, in the case of any proceeding under the Bankruptcy Code or other insolvency statute, on the date of such breach) and shall include: (i) the Early Termination Payment calculated as if an Early Termination Notice had been delivered on the date of such acceleration; (ii) any prior Tax Benefit Payments that are due and payable under this Agreement but that still remain unpaid as of the date of such acceleration (which Tax Benefit Payments shall not be included in the Early Termination Payment) and that remain unpaid as of the payment of the Early Termination Payment; and (iii) any current Tax Benefit Payments due for the Taxable Year ending with or including the date of such acceleration (except to the extent included in the Early Termination Payment or in clause (ii)) and that remain unpaid as of the payment of the Early Termination Payment. Notwithstanding the foregoing, in the event that the

 

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Corporation breaches this Agreement and such breach is not a Material Breach, the TRA Holder shall still be entitled to enforce all of its rights otherwise available under this Agreement, excluding, for the avoidance of doubt, seeking or otherwise obtaining an acceleration of amounts payable under this Agreement pursuant to this Section 4.1(c). For purposes of this Section 4.1(c), and subject to the following sentence, the Parties agree that the failure to make any payment due pursuant to this Agreement within three (3) months of the relevant Final Payment Date shall be deemed to be a Material Breach, and that it will not be considered to be a Material Breach to make a payment due pursuant to this Agreement within three (3) months of the relevant Final Payment Date. Notwithstanding anything in this Agreement to the contrary, it shall not be a Material Breach if the Corporation fails to make any Tax Benefit Payment within three (3) months of the relevant Final Payment Date to the extent that the Corporation has insufficient funds or cannot make such payment as a result of obligations imposed in connection with the Senior Obligations or under applicable law, and cannot obtain sufficient funds to make such payments by taking commercially reasonable actions or would become insolvent as a result of making such payment; provided that the interest provisions of Section 5.2 shall apply to such late payment (unless the Corporation does not have sufficient funds to make such payment as a result of limitations imposed by any Senior Obligations, in which case Section 5.2 shall apply, but the Default Rate shall be replaced by the Agreed Rate); further provided that such payment obligation shall nonetheless accrue for the benefit of the TRA Holder and the Corporation shall make such payment at the first opportunity that it has sufficient funds and is otherwise able to make such payment. For the avoidance of doubt, a Reconciliation Dispute (including any delay in payment as a result thereof) will not constitute a Material Breach of this Agreement.

Section 4.2 Early Termination Notice. If the Corporation chooses to exercise its right of early termination under Section 4.1 above, the Corporation shall deliver to the TRA Holder a notice of the Corporation’s decision to exercise such right (an “Early Termination Notice”). Upon delivery of the Early Termination Notice or the occurrence of an event described in Section 4.1(b) or Section 4.1(c), the Corporation shall deliver a schedule developed in consultation with the Advisory Firm (the “Early Termination Schedule”) showing in reasonable detail the calculation of the Early Termination Payment. The Corporation shall also (x) deliver to the TRA Holder supporting schedules and work papers from the Advisory Firm, and any additional materials reasonably requested by the TRA Holder that are reasonably necessary in order to understand the calculations that were relevant for purposes of preparing the Early Termination Schedule; and (y) allow the TRA Holder and its advisors to have reasonable access to the appropriate representatives at the Corporation and the applicable Advisory Firm as determined by the Corporation or as reasonably requested by the TRA Holder in connection with a review of such Early Termination Schedule. The Early Termination Schedule shall become final and binding on each Party forty-five (45) days from the first date on which the TRA Holder received such Early Termination Schedule (and supporting schedules and work papers) unless:

(i) the TRA Holder within forty-five (45) days after receiving the Early Termination Schedule (and supporting schedules and work papers) provides the Corporation with written notice of a material objection to such Early Termination Schedule made in good faith and setting forth in reasonable detail the TRA Holder’s material objection (a “Termination Objection Notice”); or

 

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(ii) the TRA Holder provides a written waiver of such right of a Termination Objection Notice within the period described in clause (i) above, in which case such Early Termination Schedule becomes binding on the date the waiver from the TRA Holder is received by the Corporation.

In the event that the TRA Holder timely delivers a Termination Objection Notice pursuant to clause (i) above, and if the Parties, for any reason, are unable to successfully resolve the issues raised in the Termination Objection Notice within thirty (30) days after receipt by the Corporation of the Termination Objection Notice, the Corporation and the TRA Holder shall employ the Reconciliation Procedures. The date on which the Early Termination Schedule becomes final in accordance with this Section 4.2 shall be the “Early Termination Reference Date.”

Section 4.3 Payment Upon Early Termination.

(a) Timing of Payment. Within five (5) Business Days after the Early Termination Reference Date, the Corporation shall pay to the TRA Holder an amount equal to the Early Termination Payment. Such Early Termination Payment shall be made by the Corporation by wire transfer of immediately available funds to a bank account or accounts designated by the TRA Holder or as otherwise agreed by the Corporation and the TRA Holder.

(b) Amount of Payment. The “Early Termination Payment” payable to the TRA Holder pursuant to Section 4.3(a) shall equal the present value, discounted at the Early Termination Rate as determined as of the Early Termination Reference Date, of all Tax Benefit Payments that would be required to be paid (and which have not yet been paid prior to the Early Termination Effective Date) by the Corporation to the TRA Holder, whether payable with respect to the Closing Date Exchange or any Units that were subsequently Exchanged prior to the Early Termination Effective Date or on or after the Early Termination Effective Date, beginning from the Early Termination Effective Date and using the Valuation Assumptions. The computation of the Early Termination Payment shall be subject to the Reconciliation Procedures.

ARTICLE V.

SUBORDINATION AND LATE PAYMENTS

Section 5.1 Subordination. Notwithstanding any other provision of this Agreement to the contrary, any Tax Benefit Payments or Early Termination Payment required to be made by the Corporation to the TRA Holder under this Agreement shall rank subordinate and junior in right of payment to any principal, interest or other amounts due and payable in respect of any obligations owed in respect of secured or unsecured indebtedness for borrowed money of the Corporation and its Subsidiaries (“Senior Obligations”) and shall rank pari passu in right of payment with all current or future unsecured obligations of the Corporation that are not Senior Obligations. To the extent that any payment under this Agreement is not permitted to be made at the time payment is due as a result of this Section 5.1 and the terms of the agreements governing Senior Obligations, such payment obligation nevertheless shall accrue for the benefit of the TRA Holder and the Corporation shall make any such payments at the first opportunity that such payments are permitted to be made in accordance with the terms of the Senior Obligations. The Corporation and the LLC shall use commercially reasonable efforts not to, and shall cause their Subsidiaries to use commercially reasonable efforts to not enter into or amend the terms of any financing agreement

 

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or Senior Obligations if the terms of such agreement or amendment would further restrict (beyond the restrictions applicable in financing agreements as of the date of this Agreement) the Corporation’s ability to make payments owed under the terms of this Agreement (including as a result of any restriction on the ability of the Corporation’s Subsidiaries to make distributions or other payments to the Corporation to fund amounts payable under this Agreement).

Section 5.2 Late Payments by the Corporation. Except as otherwise provided in this Agreement, the amount of all or any portion of any Tax Benefit Payment or Early Termination Payment not made to the TRA Holder when due under the terms of this Agreement shall be payable together with any interest thereon, computed at the Default Rate and commencing from the Final Payment Date on which such Tax Benefit Payment or Early Termination Payment was first due and payable to the date of actual payment of such Tax Benefit Payment or Early Termination Payment; provided that if any Tax Benefit Payment or Early Termination Payment is not made to the TRA Holder when due under the terms of this Agreement as a result of Section 5.1 and the terms of the agreements governing Senior Obligations, any such interest shall be computed at the Agreed Rate and not the Default Rate.

ARTICLE VI.

TAX MATTERS; CONSISTENCY; COOPERATION

Section 6.1 Participation in the Corporations Tax Matters. Except as otherwise provided in this Agreement or the LLC Agreement, the Corporation shall have full responsibility for, and sole discretion over, all tax matters concerning the Corporation and its Subsidiaries including without limitation the preparation, filing or amending of any Tax Return and defending, contesting or settling any audit, contest or other proceeding pertaining to taxes; provided, however, that the Corporation shall not settle or fail to contest any issue pertaining to Covered Taxes that is reasonably expected to adversely affect the TRA Holder’s rights and obligations under this Agreement without the consent of the TRA Holder, such consent not to be unreasonably withheld, conditioned or delayed. The Corporation shall notify the TRA Holder of, and keep it reasonably informed with respect to, any tax audit or other tax contest of the Corporation the outcome of which is reasonably expected to materially and adversely affect the Tax Benefit Payments payable to the TRA Holder under this Agreement and the TRA Holder shall have the right to (a) discuss with the Corporation, and provide input and comment to the Corporation regarding, any portion of any such tax audit or other tax contest and (b) participate in, at the TRA Holder’s expense, any such portion of any such tax audit or other tax contest, in each case, to the extent it relates to issues the resolution of which would reasonably be expected to materially and adversely affect the Tax Benefit Payments payable to the TRA Holder under this Agreement. To the extent there is a conflict between this Agreement and either the Transaction Agreement or the LLC Agreement relating to tax matters concerning Covered Taxes and the Corporation, including preparation, filing or amending of any Tax Return and defending, contesting or settling any issue pertaining to taxes, this Agreement shall control solely with respect to the matters governed by this Agreement.

Section 6.2 Consistency. Except as otherwise required by applicable law, all calculations and determinations made hereunder, including any Basis Adjustments, the determination of any deductions arising from Common Basis or Section 704(c) Items, the Schedules or the determination of any Realized Tax Benefits or Realized Tax Detriments, shall be made in accordance with the elections, methodologies or positions taken by the Corporation and

 

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the LLC on their respective Tax Returns. The TRA Holder shall prepare its Tax Returns in a manner that is consistent with the terms of this Agreement and any related calculations or determinations that are made hereunder, including the Schedules provided under this Agreement, unless otherwise required by applicable law. In the event that an Advisory Firm or Expert is used and is replaced with another Advisory Firm or Expert, such replacement Advisory Firm or Expert shall perform its services under this Agreement using procedures and methodologies consistent with the previous Advisory Firm or Expert, unless otherwise required by applicable law or unless the Corporation and the TRA Holder agree to the use of other procedures and methodologies.

Section 6.3 Cooperation. The TRA Holder, on the one hand, and the Corporation, on the other hand, shall (a) furnish to the other in a timely manner such information, documents and other materials as the other may reasonably request for purposes of making, reviewing or approving any determination or computation necessary or appropriate under or with respect to this Agreement, preparing any Tax Return or contesting or defending any audit, examination, controversy or other proceeding with any Taxing Authority, (b) make itself available to the other and its representatives to provide explanations of documents and materials and such other information as may be reasonably requested in connection with any of the matters described in clause (a) above, and (c) reasonably cooperate in connection with any such matter. Subject to Section 6.1, the Corporation shall provide assistance as reasonably requested by the TRA Holder in connection with the TRA Holder’s tax or financial reporting or the consummation of any assignment or transfer of any of its rights or obligations under this Agreement, including providing any information or executing any documentation. The requesting Party shall reimburse the other Party for any reasonable and documented out-of-pocket costs and expenses incurred by such other Party pursuant to this Section 6.3.

ARTICLE VII.

MISCELLANEOUS

Section 7.1 Notices. All notices, requests, consents and other communications hereunder shall be in writing and shall be deemed to have been duly given (a) when delivered in person, (b) when delivered after posting in the United States mail having been sent registered or certified mail return receipt requested, postage prepaid, (c) when delivered by FedEx or other nationally recognized overnight delivery service, or (d) when delivered by email during normal business hours (solely if receipt is confirmed, but excluding any automated reply, such as an out-of-office notification), addressed as follows:

If to the Corporation, to:

Bitcoin Depot Inc.

3343 Peachtree Road NE, Suite 750

Atlanta, GA 30326

Attention: Brandon Mintz

E-mail: brandon@bitcoindepot.com

 

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with a copy (which shall not constitute notice to the Corporation) to:

Kirkland & Ellis LLP

609 Main Street

Houston, TX 77002

Attention: Thomas Laughlin, P.C.; Douglas E. Bacon, P.C.;

Matthew R. Pacey, P.C.; Atma Kabad

Email: thomas.laughlin@kirkland.com; doug.bacon@kirkland.com;

matt.pacey@kirkland.com; atma.kabad@kirkland.com

If to the TRA Holder, to:

BT Assets, Inc.

2870 Peachtree Rd #327

Atlanta, Georgia 30305

Attention: Brandon Mintz

E-mail: brandon@bitcoindepot.com

with a copy (which shall not constitute notice to the TRA Holder) to:

Kirkland & Ellis LLP

609 Main Street

Houston, TX 77002

Attention: Thomas Laughlin, P.C.; Douglas E. Bacon, P.C.;

Matthew R. Pacey, P.C.; Atma Kabad

Email: thomas.laughlin@kirkland.com; doug.bacon@kirkland.com;

matt.pacey@kirkland.com; atma.kabad@kirkland.com

Any Party may change its address, fax number or e-mail address by giving each of the other Parties written notice thereof in the manner set forth above.

Section 7.2 Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed in one or more counterparts, all of which shall be considered one and the same agreement and shall become effective when one or more counterparts have been signed by each of the Parties and delivered to the other Parties, it being understood that all Parties need not sign the same counterpart. Delivery of an executed signature page to this Agreement by facsimile transmission shall be as effective as delivery of a manually signed counterpart of this Agreement.

Section 7.3 Entire Agreement; No Third Party Beneficiaries. This Agreement constitutes the entire agreement and supersedes all prior agreements and understandings, both written and oral, among the Parties with respect to the subject matter of this Agreement. This Agreement shall be binding upon and inure solely to the benefit of each Party and their respective successors and permitted assigns, and nothing in this Agreement, express or implied, is intended to or shall confer upon any other Person any right, benefit or remedy of any nature whatsoever under or by reason of this Agreement.

 

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Section 7.4 Governing Law. This Agreement shall be governed by, and construed in accordance with, the law of the State of Delaware, without regard to the conflicts of laws principles thereof that would mandate the application of the laws of another jurisdiction.

Section 7.5 Severability. If any term or other provision of this Agreement is invalid, illegal or incapable of being enforced by any law or public policy, all other terms and provisions of this Agreement shall nevertheless remain in full force and effect so long as the economic or legal substance of the transactions contemplated hereby is not affected in any manner materially adverse to any Party. Upon such determination that any term or other provision is invalid, illegal or incapable of being enforced, the Parties shall negotiate in good faith to modify this Agreement so as to effect the original intent of the Parties as closely as possible in an acceptable manner in order that the transactions contemplated hereby are consummated as originally contemplated to the greatest extent possible.

Section 7.6 Assignments; Amendments; Successors; No Waiver.

(a) Assignment. The TRA Holder may assign, sell, pledge or otherwise alienate or transfer its rights hereunder without the consent of the Corporation to any Person; provided that such Person executes and delivers a Joinder agreeing to become a Party and TRA Holder for all purposes of this Agreement (the “Joinder Requirement”). For the avoidance of doubt, if the TRA Holder transfers Units in accordance with the terms of the LLC Agreement but does not assign to the transferee of such Units its rights under this Agreement with respect to such transferred Units, the TRA Holder shall continue to be entitled to receive the Tax Benefit Payments arising in respect of a subsequent Exchange of such Units (and any such transferred Units shall be separately identified, so as to facilitate the determination of Tax Benefit Payments hereunder). The Corporation may not assign any of its rights or obligations under this Agreement to any Person (other than any direct or indirect successor (whether by purchase, merger, consolidation or otherwise) to all or substantially all of the business or assets of the Corporation) without the prior written consent of the TRA Holder (and any purported assignment without such consent shall be null and void).

(b) Amendments. No provision of this Agreement may be amended unless such amendment is approved in writing by the Corporation and the TRA Holder. No provision of this Agreement may be waived unless such waiver is in writing and signed by the Party against whom the waiver is to be effective.

(c) Successors. Except as provided in Section 7.6(a), all of the terms and provisions of this Agreement shall be binding upon, and shall inure to the benefit of and be enforceable by, the Parties and their respective successors, assigns, heirs, executors, administrators and legal representatives. The Corporation shall require and cause any direct or indirect successor (whether by purchase, merger, consolidation or otherwise) to all or substantially all of the business or assets of the Corporation, by written agreement, expressly to (a) assume and agree to perform this Agreement, in the same manner and to the same extent that the Corporation would be required to perform if no such succession had taken place and (b) become a Party to this Agreement.

 

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(d) Waiver. No failure by any Party to insist upon the strict performance of any covenant, duty, agreement or condition of this Agreement, or to exercise any right or remedy consequent upon a breach thereof, shall constitute a waiver of any such breach or any other covenant, duty, agreement or condition.

Section 7.7 Titles and Subtitles. The titles of the sections and subsections of this Agreement are for convenience of reference only and are not to be considered in construing this Agreement.

Section 7.8 Resolution of Disputes.

(a) Except for Reconciliation Disputes subject to Section 7.9, any and all disputes which cannot be settled amicably after good-faith negotiation, including any ancillary claims of any Party, arising out of, relating to or in connection with the validity, negotiation, execution, interpretation, performance or non-performance of this Agreement (including the validity, scope, and enforceability of this arbitration provision) (each a “Dispute”) shall be finally resolved by arbitration in accordance with the International Institute for Conflict Prevention and Resolution Rules for Administered Arbitration (the “Rules”) by three arbitrators, of which the Corporation shall appoint one arbitrator and the TRA Holder shall appoint one arbitrator in accordance with the “screened” appointment procedure provided in Rule 5.4. The arbitration shall be governed by the Federal Arbitration Act, 9 U.S.C. §§ 1 et seq., and judgment upon the award rendered by the arbitrators may be entered by any court having jurisdiction thereof. The place of the arbitration shall be New York, New York.

(b) Notwithstanding the provisions of paragraph (a), any Party may bring an action or special proceeding in any court of competent jurisdiction for the purpose of compelling another Party to arbitrate, seeking temporary or preliminary relief in aid of an arbitration hereunder or enforcing an arbitration award and, for the purposes of this paragraph (b), each Party (i) expressly consents to the application of paragraph (c) of this Section 7.8 to any such action or proceeding, and (ii) agrees that proof shall not be required that monetary damages for breach of the provisions of this Agreement would be difficult to calculate and that remedies at law would be inadequate. For the avoidance of doubt, this Section 7.8 shall not apply to Reconciliation Disputes to be settled in accordance with the procedures set forth in Section 7.9.

(c) Each Party irrevocably consents to service of process by means of notice in the manner provided for in Section 7.1. Nothing in this Agreement shall affect the right of any Party to serve process in any other manner permitted by law.

(d) WAIVER OF RIGHT TO TRIAL BY JURY. EACH PARTY HEREBY IRREVOCABLY WAIVES, TO THE FULLEST EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW, ANY RIGHT IT MAY HAVE TO A TRIAL BY JURY IN ANY LEGAL PROCEEDING DIRECTLY OR INDIRECTLY ARISING OUT OF OR RELATING TO THIS AGREEMENT OR THE TRANSACTIONS CONTEMPLATED HEREBY (WHETHER BASED ON CONTRACT, TORT OR ANY OTHER THEORY).

(e) In the event the parties are unable to agree whether a dispute between them is a Reconciliation Dispute subject to the dispute resolution procedure set forth in Section 7.9 or a Dispute subject to the dispute resolution procedure set forth in this Section 7.8, such disagreement shall be decided and resolved in accordance with the procedure set forth in this Section 7.8.

 

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Section 7.9 Reconciliation.

(a) In the event that the Corporation and the TRA Holder are unable to resolve a disagreement with respect to a Schedule prepared in accordance with the procedures set forth in Section 2.4, or with respect to an Early Termination Schedule prepared in accordance with the procedures set forth in Section 4.2, within the relevant time period designated in this Agreement (a “Reconciliation Dispute”), the Reconciliation Dispute shall be submitted for determination to a nationally recognized expert (the “Expert”) in the particular area of disagreement mutually acceptable to the disputing Parties. The Expert shall be a partner or principal in a nationally recognized accounting firm, and unless the Corporation and the TRA Holder agree otherwise, the Expert shall not, and the firm that employs the Expert shall not, have any material relationship with the Corporation or the TRA Holder or any other actual or potential conflict of interest.

(b) If the disputing Parties are unable to agree on an Expert within fifteen (15) days of receipt by the respondent(s) of written notice of a Reconciliation Dispute, then (i) each of the Corporation and the TRA Holder shall designate a nationally recognized expert in the particular area of disagreement meeting the requirements set forth in the last sentence of Section 7.9(a), (ii) the experts designated pursuant to the preceding clause (i) shall designate a third expert in the particular area of disagreement meeting the requirements set forth in the last sentence of Section 7.9(a) and (iii) the expert designated pursuant to the preceding clause (ii) shall be the “Expert” for purpose of this Section 7.9.

(c) The Expert shall resolve any disputed matter relating to any Schedule or an amendment or the Early Termination Schedule or an amendment within thirty (30) days and shall resolve any matter relating to a Tax Benefit Schedule or an amendment within fifteen (15) days or as soon thereafter as is reasonably practicable, in each case after the matter has been submitted to the Expert for resolution. Notwithstanding the preceding sentence, if the matter is not resolved before any payment that is the subject of a disagreement would be due in the absence of such disagreement (by assuming for this purpose that the applicable Schedule had become final in accordance with Section 2.4(a) or Section 4.2 and there had been no Reconciliation Dispute) or any Tax Return reflecting the subject of a disagreement is due, the undisputed amount shall be paid on the date prescribed by this Agreement and such Tax Return may be filed as prepared by the Corporation, subject to adjustment or amendment upon resolution.

(d) The costs and expenses relating to the engagement of such Expert or amending any Tax Return shall be borne by the Corporation except as provided in the next sentence. The Corporation and the TRA Holder shall bear their own costs and expenses of such proceeding, unless (a) the Expert adopts the TRA Holder’s position, in which case the Corporation shall reimburse the TRA Holder for any reasonable and documented out-of-pocket costs and expenses in such proceeding (including for the avoidance of doubt any costs and expenses incurred by the TRA Holder relating to the engagement of the Expert or amending any applicable Tax Return), or (b) the Expert adopts the Corporation’s position, in which case the TRA Holder shall reimburse the Corporation for any reasonable and documented out-of-pocket costs and expenses in such proceeding (including for the avoidance of doubt costs and expenses incurred by the Corporation relating to the engagement of the Expert or amending any applicable Tax Return). The Corporation may withhold payments under this Agreement to collect amounts due under the preceding sentence. The Expert shall finally determine any Reconciliation Dispute and the determinations of the Expert pursuant to this Section 7.9 shall be binding on the Corporation and the TRA Holder and may be entered and enforced in any court having competent jurisdiction.

 

29


Section 7.10 Withholding. The Corporation, the LLC and their respective Affiliates shall be entitled to deduct and withhold from any payment that is payable to the TRA Holder (or other applicable Person) pursuant to this Agreement any taxes as the Corporation, the LLC or an applicable Affiliate is required to deduct and withhold with respect to the making of any such payment under the Code or any provision of U.S. state, local or foreign tax law. Any such deducted or withheld taxes, to the extent paid over to the appropriate Taxing Authority, shall be treated for all purposes of this Agreement as having been paid to the TRA Holder (or any other person) in respect of which such deduction or withholding was made. The TRA Holder or other recipient of any payments hereunder shall provide the Corporation, the LLC or other applicable withholding agent with any applicable tax forms, including IRS Form W-9 or the appropriate series of IRS Form W-8, as applicable, or any other information or certifications reasonably requested by the Corporation in connection with determining whether any such deductions and withholdings are required under the Code or any provision of U.S. state, local or foreign tax law.

Section 7.11 Admission of the Corporation into a Consolidated Group; Transfers of Corporate Assets.

(a) If the Corporation is or becomes a member of an affiliated or consolidated group of corporations that files a consolidated income Tax Return pursuant to Section 1501 or other applicable Sections of the Code governing affiliated or consolidated groups, or any corresponding provisions of U.S. state or local tax law, then: (a) the provisions of this Agreement shall be applied with respect to the group as a whole; and (b) Tax Benefit Payments, Early Termination Payments and other applicable items hereunder shall be computed with reference to the consolidated Covered Taxes of the group as a whole.

(b) If the Corporation, its successor in interest or any member of a group described in Section 7.11(a) or any member of the LLC Group transfers one or more Reference Assets to a corporation (or a Person classified as a corporation for U.S. federal income tax purposes) with respect to which such entity does not file a consolidated Tax Return pursuant to Section 1501 of the Code, such entity, for purposes of calculating the amount of any Tax Benefit Payment or Early Termination Payment due hereunder, shall be treated as having disposed of such Reference Asset in a fully taxable transaction on the date of such transfer. The consideration deemed to be received by such entity shall be equal to the fair market value of the transferred Reference Asset as determined by a valuation expert mutually agreed upon by the Corporation and the TRA Holder plus, without duplication, (i) the amount of debt to which any such Reference Asset is subject, in the case of a transfer of an encumbered Reference Asset, or (ii) the amount of debt allocated to any such Reference Asset, in the case of a transfer of a partnership interest. For purposes of this Section 7.11, a transfer of a partnership interest shall be treated as a transfer of the transferring partner’s share of each of the assets and liabilities of that partnership. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary set forth in this Agreement, if the Corporation or any other entity that is obligated to make a Tax Benefit Payment or Early Termination Payment hereunder transfers its assets pursuant to a transaction that qualifies as a “reorganization” (within the meaning of Section 368(a) of the Code) in which such entity does not survive or pursuant to any other transaction to which Section 381(a) of the Code applies, the transfer will not cause such entity to be treated as having transferred any assets to a corporation (or a Person classified as a corporation for U.S. income tax purposes) pursuant to this Section 7.11(b).

 

30


Section 7.12 Change in Law. Notwithstanding anything in this Agreement to the contrary, if, as a result of or in connection with an actual or proposed change in law, the TRA Holder reasonably believes that the existence of this Agreement could cause adverse tax consequences to the TRA Holder or any direct or indirect owner of the TRA Holder, then at the written election of the TRA Holder in its sole discretion (in an instrument signed by the TRA Holder and delivered to the Corporation) and to the extent specified therein by the TRA Holder, this Agreement either (i) shall cease to have further effect and shall not apply to the TRA Holder after a date specified by the TRA Holder or (ii) may be amended by the Parties in a manner reasonably determined by the TRA Holder, provided that such amendment shall not result in a material adverse impact to the Corporation’s rights and obligations under this Agreement, including an increase in or acceleration of any payments owed by the Corporation under this Agreement at any time as compared to the amounts and times of payments that would have been due in the absence of such amendment.

Section 7.13 Interest Rate Limitation. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in this Agreement, the interest paid or agreed to be paid hereunder with respect to amounts due to the TRA Holder hereunder shall not exceed the maximum rate of non-usurious interest permitted by applicable law (the “Maximum Rate”). If the TRA Holder shall receive interest in an amount that exceeds the Maximum Rate, the excess interest shall be applied to the Tax Benefit Payment, Estimated Tax Benefit Payment or Early Termination Payment, as applicable (but in each case exclusive of any component thereof comprising interest) or, if it exceeds such unpaid non-interest amount, refunded to the Corporation. In determining whether the interest contracted for, charged or received by the TRA Holder exceeds the Maximum Rate, the TRA Holder may, to the extent permitted by applicable law, (a) characterize any payment that is not principal as an expense, fee or premium rather than interest, (b) exclude voluntary prepayments and the effects thereof and (c) amortize, prorate, allocate and spread in equal or unequal parts the total amount of interest throughout the contemplated term of the payment obligations owed by the Corporation to the TRA Holder hereunder. Notwithstanding the foregoing, it is the intention of the Parties to conform strictly to any applicable usury laws.

Section 7.14 LLC Agreement. This Agreement shall be treated as part of the LLC Agreement as described in Section 761(c) of the Code and Sections 1.704-1(b)(2)(ii)(h) and 1.761-1(c) of the Treasury Regulations.

Section 7.15 Non-Effect of Other Tax Receivable Agreements. If the Corporation enters into any other agreement after the date of this Agreement that obligates the Corporation to make payments to another party in exchange for tax benefits conferred upon the Corporation, the LLC, or any of their respective Subsidiaries, unless otherwise agreed by the TRA Holder, such tax benefits and such payments shall be ignored for all purposes of this Agreement (including for purposes of calculating the Hypothetical Tax Liability and the Actual Tax Liability hereunder).

 

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[Signature Page Follows This Page]

 

32


IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the undersigned have executed or caused to be executed on their behalf this Agreement as of the date first written above.

 

THE CORPORATION:
BITCOIN DEPOT INC.
By:   /s/ Brandon Mintz
Name:   Brandon Mintz
Title:   Chief Executive Officer


THE LLC:
BT HOLDCO LLC
By:   /s/ Brandon Mintz
Name:   Brandon Mintz
Title:   Chief Executive Officer


 

THE TRA HOLDER:
BT ASSETS, INC.
By:   /s/ Brandon Mintz
Name:   Brandon Mintz
Title:   President


Exhibit A

FORM OF JOINDER AGREEMENT

This JOINDER AGREEMENT, dated as of _________________, 20___ (this “Joinder”), is delivered pursuant to that certain Tax Receivable Agreement, dated as of June 30, 2023 (as amended, restated, amended and restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time, the “Tax Receivable Agreement”) by and among Bitcoin Depot Inc., a Delaware corporation (the “Corporation”), BT HoldCo LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (the “LLC”), and the TRA Holder (as defined in the Tax Receivable Agreement). Capitalized terms used but not otherwise defined have the respective meanings set forth in the Tax Receivable Agreement.

 

  1.

Joinder to the Tax Receivable Agreement. Upon the execution of this Joinder by the undersigned and delivery hereof to the Corporation, the undersigned hereby is and hereafter will be a TRA Holder under the Tax Receivable Agreement and a Party, with all the rights, privileges and responsibilities of a TRA Holder thereunder. The undersigned hereby agrees that it shall comply with and be fully bound by the terms of the Tax Receivable Agreement as if it had been a signatory as of the date thereof.

 

  2.

Incorporation by Reference. All terms and conditions of the Tax Receivable Agreement are hereby incorporated by reference in this Joinder as if set forth in full.

 

  3.

Address. All notices under the Tax Receivable Agreement to the undersigned shall be directed to:

[Name]

[Address]

[City, State, Zip Code]

Attn:

Facsimile:

E-mail:

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the undersigned has duly executed and delivered this Joinder as of the day and year first above written.

 

[NAME OF NEW PARTY]

By:

 

 

Name:  
Title:  


Acknowledged and agreed as of the date first set forth above:

 

[•]

 

By:

   

Name:

 

Title:

 

Exhibit 10.3

AMENDED AND RESTATED REGISTRATION RIGHTS AGREEMENT

THIS AMENDED AND RESTATED REGISTRATION RIGHTS AGREEMENT (this “Agreement”), dated as of June 30, 2023, is made and entered into by and among Bitcoin Depot Inc., a Delaware corporation (the “Company”), BT Assets, Inc., a Delaware corporation (“BT Assets”), each individual identified on the signature pages hereto as a “Management Holder” (each, a “Management Holder” and together, the “Management Holders”) and GSR II Meteora Sponsor, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (the “Sponsor” and, together with BT Assets, the Management Holders, and any person or entity who is identified on the signature pages hereto as a “Holder” or hereafter becomes a party to this Agreement pursuant to Section 6.2 of this Agreement, the “Holders” and each, a “Holder”).

RECITALS

WHEREAS, GSR II Meteora Acquisition Corp., a Delaware corporation and predecessor to the Company (“GSRM”) and Sponsor are party to that certain Registration Rights Agreement, dated as of February 24, 2022 (the “Original Agreement”);

WHEREAS, the Company, BT Assets, BT HoldCo LLC, a Delaware limited liability company and wholly owned subsidiary of BT Assets (“BT HoldCo”), Bitcoin Depot Operating LLC, a Delaware limited liability company and a wholly owned subsidiary of BT HoldCo (“BT OpCo” and, together with BT HoldCo and BT Assets, the “BT Entities”) and Sponsor have entered into that certain Transaction Agreement, dated as of August 24, 2022 (as amended, supplemented and/or restated from time to time, the “Transaction Agreement”);

WHEREAS, pursuant to the Transaction Agreement and prior to or at the Closing Date, the Company and the BT Entities entered into the series of reorganizations and equity issuances and purchases as described in the Transaction Agreement (the “Business Combination”);

WHEREAS, pursuant to the amended and restated certificate of incorporation of the Company (as may be amended and restated from time to time, the “Company Certificate of Incorporation”), the Company is authorized to issue the following classes of stock: 800,000,000 shares of Class A common stock, par value $0.0001 per share (the “Class A common stock”), 20,000,000 shares of Class B common stock, par value $0.0001 per share (the “Class B common stock”), 750,000 shares of Class E-1 common stock, par value $0.0001 per share (the “Class E-1 common stock”), 750,000 shares of Class E-2 common stock, par value $0.0001 per share (the “Class E-2 common stock”), 750,000 shares of Class E-3 common stock, par value $0.0001 per share (the “Class E-3 common stock”), 300,000,000 shares of Class M common stock, par value $0.0001 per share (the “Class M common stock”), 800,000,000 shares of Class O common stock, par value $0.0001 per share (the “Class O common stock”) and 300,000,000 shares of Class V common stock, par value $0.0001 per share (the “Class V common stock”);

WHEREAS, simultaneously with the closing of its initial public offering, GSRM issued and sold 12,223,750 warrants (the “Private Placement Warrants”) to the Sponsor at a purchase price of $1.00 per Private Placement Warrant, each of which entitles the holder to purchase one share of Class A common stock at an exercise price of $11.50 per share;


WHEREAS, certain third parties (collectively, the “Non-Redeeming Stockholders”) entered into voting and non-redemptions agreements and non-redemption agreements with the Company (each, a “Non-Redemption Agreement” and, collectively, the “Non-Redemption Agreements”) pursuant to which such Non-Redeeming Stockholders agreed not to request redemption of their shares of Class A common stock in connection with the Business Combination;

WHEREAS, pursuant to the Amended and Restated Limited Liability Company Agreement of BT HoldCo (“A&R LLCA”), BT HoldCo has provided BT Assets with a redemption right pursuant to which BT Assets may redeem its Common Units (as defined below) for cash or, at the option of the Managing Member of BT HoldCo, exchange Common Units for an equal number of shares of Class A common stock upon the terms and subject to the conditions set forth in the A&R LLCA and the Company Certificate of Incorporation; and

WHEREAS, in connection with the consummation of the transactions described above, the Company and Sponsor desire to amend and restate the Original Agreement in its entirety as set forth herein, and the Company and the Holders desire to enter into this Agreement, pursuant to which the Company shall grant the Holders certain registration rights with respect to certain securities of the Company, as set forth in this Agreement.

NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the representations, covenants and agreements contained herein, and certain other good and valuable consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of which are hereby acknowledged, the parties hereto, intending to be legally bound, hereby agree as follows:

ARTICLE I

DEFINITIONS

1.1 Definitions. Capitalized terms used herein but not defined in this Agreement shall have the meanings ascribed to them in the Transaction Agreement. The terms defined in this Article I shall, for all purposes of this Agreement, have the respective meanings set forth below:

A&R LLCA” has the meaning given in the Recitals hereto.

Action” means any claim, action, suit, charge, audit, examination, assessment, arbitration, mediation or inquiry, or any proceeding or investigation, by or before any Governmental Authority.

Adverse Disclosure” means any public disclosure of material non-public information, which disclosure, in the good faith judgment of the chief executive officer or principal financial officer of the Company, after consultation with counsel to the Company, (a) would be required to be made in any Registration Statement or Prospectus in order for the applicable Registration Statement or Prospectus not to contain any Misstatement, as applicable, (b) would not be required to be made at such time if the Registration Statement were not being filed, declared effective or used, as the case may be, and (c) as to which the Company has a bona fide business purpose for not making such information public.


Affiliate” means, with respect to any person, any other person who directly or indirectly, through one or more intermediaries, controls, is controlled by, or is under common control with, such person. The term “control” means the possession, directly or indirectly, of the power to direct or cause the direction of the management and policies of a person, whether through the ownership of voting securities, by contract or otherwise, and the terms “controlled” and “controlling” have meanings correlative thereto. No Holder shall be deemed an Affiliate of the Company or any of its subsidiaries for purposes of this Agreement.

Agreement” has the meaning given in the Preamble hereto.

Automatic Shelf Registration Statement” has the meaning set forth in Rule 405 promulgated by the Commission pursuant to the Securities Act.

Beneficially Own” has the meaning set forth in Rule 13d-3 promulgated under the Exchange Act.

Block Trade” has the meaning given in subsection 2.4.1.

Board” means the board of directors of the Company.

BT Assets” has the meaning given in the Preamble hereto.

BT HoldCo” has the meaning given in the Recitals hereto.

BT OpCo” has the meaning given in the Preamble hereto.

Business Combination” has the meaning given in the Recitals hereto.

Business Day” means a day other than a Saturday, Sunday or other day on which commercial banks in New York, New York are authorized or required by law to close.

Class A common stock” has the meaning given in the Recitals hereto.

Closing Date” means June 30, 2023.

Commission” means the Securities and Exchange Commission.

Common Units” means the common units of BT HoldCo.

Company” has the meaning given in the Preamble hereto and includes the Company’s successors by recapitalization, merger, consolidation, spin-off, reorganization or similar transaction.

Company Certificate of Incorporation” has the meaning given in the Recitals hereto.

Demanding Holder” has the meaning given in subsection 2.1.3.

End of Suspension Notice” has the meaning given in subsection 4.4.2.

Exchange Act” means the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as it may be amended from time to time.


Form S-1 Shelf” has the meaning given in subsection 2.1.1.

Form S-3 Shelf” has the meaning given in subsection 2.1.1.

Governmental Authority” means any federal, national, state, provincial or municipal government, or any political subdivision thereof, and any agency, commission, department, board, bureau, official, minister, arbitral body (public or private), tribunal or court, whether national, state, provincial, local, foreign or multinational, exercising executive, legislative, judicial, regulatory or administrative functions of a nation, state, province or municipal government, or any political subdivision thereof, including any authority having governmental or quasi-governmental powers, domestic or foreign.

GSRM” has the meaning given in the preamble hereto.

Holder Information has the meaning given in subsection 5.1.2.

Holders” has the meaning given in the Preamble hereto, for so long as such person or entity holds any Registrable Securities.

Lock-Up” has the meaning given in subsection 3.1.2.

Lock-Up Period” shall mean the period beginning on the Closing Date and ending in four consecutive equal quarterly installments following the Closing Date, in accordance with the following schedule:

(a) one-fourth of the securities subject to the Lock-Up shall be released from the Lock-Up upon the Company issuing its first quarterly earnings release that occurs at least 60 days after the Closing Date (the “Initial Earnings Release”);

(b) one-fourth of the securities subject to the Lock-Up shall be released from the Lock-Up upon the Company issuing its first quarterly earnings release following the Initial Earnings Release;

(c) one-fourth of the securities subject to the Lock-Up shall be released from the Lock-Up upon the Company issuing its second quarterly earnings release following the Initial Earnings Release; and

(d) one-fourth of the securities subject to the Lock-Up shall be released from the Lock-Up upon the Company issuing its third quarterly earnings release following the Initial Earnings Release.

Lock-Up Shares” has the meaning given in subsection 3.1.2.

Management Holders” has the meaning given in the Preamble hereto.

Maximum Number of Securities” has the meaning given in subsection 2.1.4.

Minimum Takedown Threshold” has the meaning given in subsection 2.1.3.


Misstatement” means:

(a) with respect to a Registration Statement, an untrue statement of a material fact or an omission to state a material fact necessary in order to make the statements made, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading; and

(b) with respect to a Prospectus, an untrue statement of a material fact or an omission to state of a material fact necessary required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading.

Non-Redeeming Stockholders” has the meaning given in the Recitals hereto.

Non-Redemption Agreements” has the meaning given in the Recitals hereto.

Opt-Out Notice” has the meaning given in Section 6.17.

Original Agreement” has the meaning given in the Recitals hereto.

Permitted Transferee” means, in the case of any Holder, a person to whom, or entity to which, Registrable Securities are transferred by such Holder; provided that (a) such transfer does not violate the Company’s governing documents, or any agreements between such Holder and the Company or any of the Company’s subsidiaries and (b) such transferee shall only be a Permitted Transferee if and to the extent the transferor designates the transferee as a Permitted Transferee entitled to rights hereunder pursuant to subsection 6.2.3.

Piggyback Registration” has the meaning given in subsection 2.2.1.

Private Placement Warrants” has the meaning given in the Recitals hereto.

Prospectus” means the prospectus included in any Registration Statement (including, without limitation, a prospectus that includes any information previously omitted from a prospectus filed as part of an effective Registration Statement in reliance on Rules 430A or 430B under the Securities Act or any successor rule thereto), as supplemented by any and all prospectus supplements and as amended by any and all post-effective amendments and including all material incorporated by reference in such prospectus.

Registrable Security” means (a) any outstanding shares of Class A common stock held by a Holder immediately following the Closing Date (which shall include all shares of Class A common stock issuable upon the exchange of Common Units outstanding on the date of this Agreement or upon the exercise of any Private Placement Warrants outstanding on the date of this Agreement); (b) any shares of Class A common stock issued by the Company to a Holder in connection with the exchange of Common Units acquired by a Holder following the date hereof; (c) any outstanding shares of Class A common stock or Private Placement Warrants to purchase shares of Class A common stock (including any shares of Class A common stock issued or issuable upon the exercise of any such Private Placement Warrant) of the Company acquired by a Holder following the date hereof to the extent that such securities are “restricted securities” (as defined in Rule 144) or are otherwise held by an “affiliate” (as defined in Rule 144) of the Company; (d) any Private Placement Warrants outstanding on the date of this Agreement; and (e) any other shares of


Class A common stock of the Company or any of its subsidiaries issued or issuable with respect to any securities referenced in clause (a), (b), (c), or (d) above by way of a stock dividend or stock split or in connection with a conversion, distribution, exchange, reclassification, recapitalization, merger, consolidation, spin-off, reorganization or similar transaction; provided, however, that, as to any particular Registrable Security, such securities shall cease to constitute Registrable Securities upon the earliest to occur of the date on which such securities: (i) have been sold, transferred, disposed of or exchanged pursuant to an effective Registration Statement, pursuant to Rule 144 under the Securities Act or any other exemption from registration under the securities laws of the United States; (ii) cease to be outstanding; and (iii) may be sold without registration pursuant to Rule 144 under the Securities Act (but without the requirement to comply with any volume or manner of sale limitations). For the avoidance of doubt, under no circumstances shall the Company be obligated to register Common Units, and only shares of Class A common stock issuable upon redemption, exchange or exercise of Common Units will be registered.

Registration” means a registration, including any related Shelf Takedown, effected by preparing and filing a registration statement, prospectus or similar document in compliance with the requirements of the Securities Act, and the applicable rules and regulations promulgated thereunder, and such registration statement becoming effective.

Registration Expenses” means the out-of-pocket expenses of a Registration, including, without limitation, the following:

 

  (a)

all registration and filing fees (including fees with respect to filings required to be made with the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, Inc.) and any securities exchange on which the Class A common stock is then listed;

 

  (b)

fees and expenses of compliance with securities or blue sky laws (including reasonable fees and disbursements of counsel for the Underwriters in connection with blue sky qualifications of Registrable Securities);

 

  (c)

printing, messenger, telephone and delivery expenses;

 

  (d)

reasonable fees and disbursements of counsel for the Company;

 

  (e)

reasonable fees and disbursements of all independent registered public accountants of the Company incurred specifically in connection with such Registration;

 

  (f)

reasonable fees and expenses of one legal counsel selected by the majority-in-interest of the Demanding Holders in an Underwritten Offering; and

 

  (g)

the costs and expenses of the Company relating to analyst and investor presentations or any “road show” undertaken in connection with the Registration and/or marketing of the Registrable Securities (including the expenses of the Holders).

Registration Statement” means any registration statement that covers the Registrable Securities pursuant to the provisions of this Agreement, including the Prospectus included in such registration statement, amendments (including post-effective amendments) and supplements to such registration statement, and all exhibits to and all material incorporated by reference in such registration statement.


Requesting Holder” means any Holder requesting piggyback rights pursuant to this Agreement with respect to an Underwritten Shelf Takedown.

Securities Act” means the Securities Act of 1933, as amended from time to time.

Shelf” has the meaning given in subsection 2.1.1.

Shelf Registration” means a registration of securities pursuant to a registration statement filed with the Commission in accordance with and pursuant to Rule 415 promulgated under the Securities Act (or any successor rule then in effect).

Shelf Takedown means an Underwritten Shelf Takedown or any proposed transfer or sale using a Registration Statement, including a Piggyback Registration.

Sponsor” has the meaning given in the Preamble hereto.

Subsequent Shelf Registration” has the meaning given in subsection 2.1.2.

Suspension Event” has the meaning given in subsection 4.4.2.

Suspension Notice” has the meaning given in subsection 4.4.2.

Suspension Period” has the meaning given in subsection 4.4.2.

Transaction Agreement” has the meaning given in the Recitals hereto.

Transfer” means, when used as a noun, the (a) sale of, offer to sell, contract or agreement to sell, hypothecate, pledge, grant of any option to purchase or otherwise dispose of or agreement to dispose of, directly or indirectly, or establishment or increase of a put equivalent position or liquidation with respect to or decrease of a call equivalent position within the meaning of Section 16 of the Exchange Act with respect to, any security, or (b) entry into any swap or other arrangement that transfers to another, in whole or in part, any of the economic consequences of ownership of any security, whether any such transaction is to be settled by delivery of such securities, in cash or otherwise. The terms “Transferee,” “Transferor,” “Transferred,” and other forms of the word “Transfer” shall have the correlative meanings.

Underwriter” means any investment banker(s) and manager(s) appointed to administer the offering of any Registrable Securities as principal in an Underwritten Offering.

Underwritten Offering” means a Registration in which securities of the Company are sold to an Underwriter in a firm commitment underwriting for distribution to the public.

Underwritten Shelf Takedown” has the meaning given in subsection 2.1.3.

Well-Known Seasoned Issuer” has the meaning set forth in Rule 405 promulgated by the Commission pursuant to the Securities Act.


Withdrawal Notice” has the meaning given in subsection 2.1.5.

ARTICLE II

REGISTRATIONS

2.1 Shelf Registration.

2.1.1 Filing. The Company shall use its commercially reasonable efforts to file, within 45 days of the Closing Date or such earlier date as it is required in accordance with any Non-Redemption Agreement, a Registration Statement for a Shelf Registration on Form S-3 (the “Form S-3 Shelf”) or, if the Company is not eligible to use a Registration Statement on Form S-3, a Shelf Registration Statement on Form S-1 (the “Form S-1 Shelf,” and together with the Form S-3 Shelf, as applicable (and any Subsequent Shelf Registration), the “Shelf”), in each case, covering the resale of all the Registrable Securities (determined as of two Business Days prior to such filing) on a delayed or continuous basis. The Company shall use its commercially reasonable efforts to cause the Shelf to become effective as soon as practicable after such filing, but in no event later than 60 days after the initial filing thereof (or 90 days after the initial filing thereof if the Commission notifies the Company that it will “review” the Shelf) or such other earlier date as it is required in accordance with any Non-Redemption Agreement. The Shelf shall provide for the resale of the Registrable Securities included therein pursuant to any method or combination of methods legally available to, and requested by, any Holder. The Company shall maintain the Shelf in accordance with the terms hereof, and shall prepare and file with the SEC such amendments, including post-effective amendments, and supplements as may be necessary to keep such Shelf continuously effective, available for use and in compliance with the provisions of the Securities Act until such time as there are no longer any Registrable Securities. In the event the Company files a Form S-1 Shelf, the Company shall use its reasonable best efforts to convert the Form S-1 Shelf (and any Subsequent Shelf Registration) to a Form S-3 Shelf as soon as practicable after the Company is eligible to use Form S-3.

2.1.2 Subsequent Shelf Registration. If any Shelf ceases to be effective under the Securities Act for any reason at any time while Registrable Securities are still outstanding, the Company shall, subject to Section 4.4, use its reasonable best efforts to as promptly as is reasonably practicable cause such Shelf to again become effective under the Securities Act (including obtaining the prompt withdrawal of any order suspending the effectiveness of such Shelf), and shall use its reasonable best efforts to as promptly as is reasonably practicable amend such Shelf in a manner reasonably expected to result in the withdrawal of any order suspending the effectiveness of such Shelf or file an additional registration statement as a Shelf Registration (a “Subsequent Shelf Registration”) registering the resale of all Registrable Securities (determined as of two Business Days prior to such filing), and pursuant to any method or combination of methods legally available to, and requested by, any Holder. If a Subsequent Shelf Registration is filed, the Company shall use its reasonable best efforts to (a) cause such Subsequent Shelf Registration to become effective under the Securities Act as promptly as is reasonably practicable after the filing thereof (it being agreed that the Subsequent Shelf Registration shall be an Automatic Shelf Registration Statement if the Company is a Well-Known Seasoned Issuer) and (b) keep such Subsequent Shelf Registration continuously effective, available for use and in compliance with the provisions of the Securities Act until such time as there are no longer any Registrable Securities. Any such Subsequent Shelf Registration shall be on Form S-3 to the extent


that the Company is eligible to use such form. Otherwise, such Subsequent Shelf Registration shall be on another appropriate form. In the event that any Holder holds Registrable Securities that are not registered for resale on a delayed or continuous basis, the Company, upon request of a Holder shall promptly use its reasonable best efforts to cause the resale of such Registrable Securities to be covered by either, at the Company’s option, the Shelf (including by means of a post-effective amendment) or a Subsequent Shelf Registration and cause the same to become effective as soon as practicable after such filing and such Shelf or Subsequent Shelf Registration shall be subject to the terms hereof.

2.1.3 Requests for Underwritten Shelf Takedowns. At any time and from time to time after the Shelf has been declared effective by the Commission, a Holder or a group of Holders (in such case, each, a “Demanding Holder”) may request to sell all or any portion of its Registrable Securities in an Underwritten Offering that is registered pursuant to the Shelf (each, including any Block Trade, an “Underwritten Shelf Takedown”); provided that the Company shall only be obligated to effect an Underwritten Shelf Takedown if such offering shall include Registrable Securities proposed to be sold by the Demanding Holder(s) with a total offering price reasonably expected to exceed, in the aggregate, $50,000,000 (the “Minimum Takedown Threshold”). All requests for Underwritten Shelf Takedowns shall be made by giving written notice to the Company, which shall specify the approximate number of Registrable Securities proposed to be sold in the Underwritten Shelf Takedown and the expected price range (net of underwriting discounts and commissions) of such Underwritten Shelf Takedown. The Holders that requested such Underwritten Shelf Takedown shall have the right to select the Underwriters for such offering (which shall consist of one or more reputable nationally recognized investment banks), subject to the initial Demanding Holder’s prior approval (which shall not be unreasonably withheld, conditioned or delayed), and to agree to the pricing and other terms of such offering. The Company is not obligated to effect more than (A) for BT Assets or the Management Holders, acting individually or together, three Underwritten Shelf Takedowns pursuant to this subsection 2.1.3 in any 12-month period and (B) for Sponsor and/or the Non-Redeeming Stockholders, acting individually or together, one Underwritten Shelf Takedown pursuant to this subsection 2.1.3 in any 12-month period; provided that, the Company shall not be obligated to effect any Underwritten Shelf Takedowns for Sponsor and/or the Non-Redeeming Stockholders during the 12-month period beginning on the Closing Date. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Agreement, the Company may effect any Underwritten Offering pursuant to any then effective Registration Statement, including a Form S-3, that is then available for such offering. For the avoidance of doubt, any Block Trade effected pursuant to Section 2.4 shall not be counted as a demand for an Underwritten Shelf Takedown pursuant to subsection 2.1.3 hereof.

2.1.4 Reduction of Underwritten Shelf Takedown. If the managing Underwriter or Underwriters in an Underwritten Shelf Takedown, in good faith, advise the Company, the Demanding Holders and the Holders requesting piggyback rights pursuant to this Agreement with respect to such Underwritten Shelf Takedown (the “Requesting Holders”) (if any) in writing that the dollar amount or number of Registrable Securities that the Demanding Holders and the Requesting Holders (if any) desire to sell, taken together with all other equity securities that the Company desires to sell and all other equity securities, if any, that have been requested to be sold in such Underwritten Offering pursuant to separate written contractual piggyback registration rights held by any other shareholders, exceeds the maximum dollar amount or maximum number of equity securities that can be sold in the Underwritten Offering without adversely affecting the


proposed offering price, the timing, the distribution method, or the probability of success of such offering (such maximum dollar amount or maximum number of such securities, as applicable, the “Maximum Number of Securities”), then the Company shall include in such Underwritten Offering, as follows: At all times (a) first, the Registrable Securities of the Demanding Holders and the Requesting Holders (if any) (pro rata based on the respective number of Registrable Securities that each Demanding Holder and Requesting Holder (if any) has requested be included in such Underwritten Shelf Takedown) that can be sold without exceeding the Maximum Number of Securities; (b) second, to the extent that the Maximum Number of Securities has not been reached under the foregoing clause (a), the equity securities that the Company desires to sell that can be sold without exceeding the Maximum Number of Securities; and (c) third, to the extent that the Maximum Number of Securities has not been reached under the foregoing clauses (a) and (b) such other equity securities of other persons or entities that the Company is obligated to include in such Underwritten Offering pursuant to separate written contractual arrangements with such persons and that can be sold without exceeding the Maximum Number of Securities.

2.1.5 Withdrawal. Prior to the filing of the applicable “red herring” prospectus or prospectus supplement used for marketing such Underwritten Shelf Takedown, a majority-in-interest of the Demanding Holders initiating an Underwritten Shelf Takedown shall have the right to withdraw from such Underwritten Shelf Takedown for any or no reason whatsoever upon written notification (a “Withdrawal Notice”) to the Company and the Underwriter or Underwriters (if any) of their intention to withdraw from such Shelf Takedown; provided that any Holder (to the extent they are not withdrawing) may elect to have the Company continue an Underwritten Shelf Takedown if the Minimum Takedown Threshold would still be satisfied by the Registrable Securities proposed to be sold in the Underwritten Shelf Takedown by such Holder, as applicable or if such Underwritten Shelf Takedown would be made with respect to all of the Registrable Securities of such Holder. If withdrawn, a demand for an Underwritten Shelf Takedown shall constitute a demand for an Underwritten Shelf Takedown for purposes of subsection 2.1.3, unless either (a) such withdrawal occurs during a period the Company has deferred taking action pursuant to Section 4.4 hereof or (b) the withdrawing Holder reimburses the Company for all Registration Expenses with respect to such Underwritten Shelf Takedown; provided that, if a Holder elects to continue an Underwritten Shelf Takedown pursuant to the proviso in the immediately preceding sentence, such Underwritten Shelf Takedown shall count as an Underwritten Shelf Takedown demanded by such Holder, as applicable, for purposes of subsection 2.1.3. Following the receipt of any Withdrawal Notice, the Company shall promptly forward such Withdrawal Notice to any other Holders that had elected to participate in such Shelf Takedown. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Agreement, the Company shall be responsible for the Registration Expenses incurred in connection with a Shelf Takedown prior to its withdrawal under this subsection 2.1.5, other than if a Demanding Holder elects to pay such Registration Expenses pursuant to the second sentence of this subsection 2.1.5.

2.2 Piggyback Registration.

2.2.1 Piggyback Rights. If the Company (for its own account or for the account of persons or entities other than the Holders of Registrable Securities) or any Holder proposes to conduct a registered offering of, or if the Company proposes to file a Registration Statement under the Securities Act with respect to the Registration of equity securities of the Company, or securities or other obligations exercisable or exchangeable for, or convertible into equity securities of the


Company, for its own account or for the account of shareholders of the Company (or by the Company and by the shareholders of the Company including, without limitation, an Underwritten Shelf Takedown pursuant to Section 2.1 hereof), other than a Registration Statement (or any registered offering with respect thereto) (a) filed in connection with any employee stock option or other benefit plan, (b) pursuant to a Registration Statement on Form S-4 (or similar form that relates to a transaction subject to Rule 145 under the Securities Act or any successor rule thereto), (c) for an exchange offer or offering of securities solely to the Company’s existing shareholders, (d) for an offering of debt that is convertible into equity securities of the Company or (e) for a dividend reinvestment plan, then the Company shall give written notice of such proposed offering to all of the Holders of Registrable Securities as soon as practicable but not less than ten days before the anticipated filing date of such Registration Statement or, in the case of an Underwritten Offering pursuant to a Shelf Registration, the launch date of such offering, which notice shall (i) describe the amount and type of securities to be included in such offering, the intended method(s) of distribution, and the name of the proposed managing Underwriter or Underwriters, if any and if known, in such offering, and (ii) offer to all of the Holders of Registrable Securities the opportunity to include in such registered offering such number of Registrable Securities as such Holders may request in writing within five days after receipt of such written notice (such registered offering, a “Piggyback Registration”). The Company shall, in good faith, cause such Registrable Securities to be included in such Piggyback Registration and, if applicable, shall use its reasonable best efforts to cause the managing Underwriter or Underwriters of such Piggyback Registration to permit the Registrable Securities requested by the Holders pursuant to this subsection 2.2.1 to be included therein on the same terms and conditions as any similar securities of the Company included in such registered offering and to permit the sale or other disposition of such Registrable Securities in accordance with the intended method(s) of distribution thereof. The inclusion of any Holder’s Registrable Securities in a Piggyback Registration shall be subject to such Holder’s agreement to abide by the terms of Section 4.3 below.

2.2.2 Reduction of Piggyback Registration. If the managing Underwriter or Underwriters in an Underwritten Offering that is to be a Piggyback Registration, in good faith, advises the Company and the Holders of Registrable Securities participating in the Piggyback Registration in writing that the dollar amount or number of the equity securities that the Company desires to sell, taken together with (a) the Registrable Securities, if any, as to which Registration has been requested pursuant to Section 2.2 hereof and (b) the equity securities, if any, as to which Registration or a registered offering has been requested pursuant to separate written contractual registration rights of other shareholders of the Company, exceeds the Maximum Number of Securities, then:

(i) If the Registration or registered offering is undertaken for the Company’s account, the Company shall include in any such Registration or registered offering (A) first, the equity securities that the Company desires to sell that can be sold without exceeding the Maximum Number of Securities; (B) second, to the extent that the Maximum Number of Securities has not been reached under the foregoing clause (A), the Registrable Securities of Holders exercising their rights to register their Registrable Securities pursuant to subsection 2.2.1 hereof, pro rata based on the respective number of Registrable Securities that each Holder has requested be included in such Registration, that can be sold without exceeding the Maximum Number of Securities; and (C) third, to the extent that the Maximum Number of Securities has not been reached under the foregoing clauses (A) and (B), the equity securities, if any, as to which Registration or a registered offering has been requested pursuant to written contractual piggyback registration rights of other shareholders of the Company, that can be sold without exceeding the Maximum Number of Securities;


(ii) If the Registration or registered offering is pursuant to a request by persons or entities other than the Holders of Registrable Securities, then the Company shall include in any such Registration or registered offering (A) first, the equity securities of such requesting persons or entities that can be sold without exceeding the Maximum Number of Securities; (B) second, to the extent that the Maximum Number of Securities has not been reached under the foregoing clause (A), the Registrable Securities of Holders exercising their rights to register their Registrable Securities pursuant to subsection 2.2.1, pro rata based on the respective number of Registrable Securities that each Holder has requested be included in such Underwritten Offering, that can be sold without exceeding the Maximum Number of Securities; (C) third, to the extent that the Maximum Number of Securities has not been reached under the foregoing clauses (A) and (B), the equity securities that the Company desires to sell that can be sold without exceeding the Maximum Number of Securities; and (D) fourth, to the extent that the Maximum Number of Securities has not been reached under the foregoing clauses (A), (B) and (C), the equity securities for the account of other persons or entities that the Company is obligated to register pursuant to separate written contractual piggyback arrangements with such persons or entities that can be sold without exceeding the Maximum Number of Securities.

(iii) If the Registration or registered offering is pursuant to a request by Holder(s) of Registrable Securities pursuant to Section 2.1 hereof, then the Company shall include in any such Registration or registered offering securities pursuant to subsection 2.1.4.

2.2.3 Piggyback Registration Withdrawal. Any Holder of Registrable Securities (other than a Demanding Holder, whose right to withdraw from an Underwritten Shelf Takedown, and related obligations, shall be governed by subsection 2.1.5) shall have the right to withdraw from a Piggyback Registration for any or no reason whatsoever upon written notification to the Company and the Underwriter or Underwriters (if any) of his, her or its intention to withdraw from such Piggyback Registration prior to the effectiveness of the Registration Statement filed with the Commission with respect to such Piggyback Registration or, in the case of a Piggyback Registration pursuant to a Shelf Registration, the filing of the applicable “red herring” prospectus or prospectus supplement with respect to such Piggyback Registration used for marketing such transaction. The Company (whether on its own good faith determination or as the result of a request for withdrawal by persons pursuant to separate written contractual obligations) may withdraw a Registration Statement filed with the Commission in connection with a Piggyback Registration (which, in no circumstance, shall include the Shelf) at any time prior to the effectiveness of such Registration Statement. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Agreement (other than subsection 2.1.5), the Company shall be responsible for the Registration Expenses incurred in connection with the Piggyback Registration prior to its withdrawal under this subsection 2.2.3.

2.2.4 Unlimited Piggyback Registration Rights; Inapplicability to Block Trades. For purposes of clarity, subject to subsection 2.1.5, any Piggyback Registration effected pursuant to Section 2.2 hereof shall not be counted as a demand for an Underwritten Shelf Takedown under subsection 2.1.3 hereof. Furthermore, this Section 2.2 shall not apply to any Block Trade.


2.3 Restrictions on Transfer. In connection with any Underwritten Offering of equity securities of the Company, each Holder participating in such Underwritten Offering agrees that it shall not Transfer any shares of Class A common stock (other than those included in such offering pursuant to this Agreement), without the prior written consent of the Company, during the seven days prior (to the extent notice of such Underwritten Offering has been provided) to, and the 90-day period beginning on, the date of pricing of such offering, except in the event the Underwriter managing the offering otherwise agrees to a shorter period by written consent. Each Holder agrees to execute a customary lock-up agreement in favor of the Underwriters to such effect (in each case on substantially the same terms and conditions as all such Holders). Notwithstanding the foregoing, with respect to an Underwritten Offering, a Holder shall not be subject to this Section 2.3 with respect to an Underwritten Offering unless each shareholder of the Company that (together with their Affiliates) holds at least 10% of the issued and outstanding Class A common stock (on a fully-exchanged basis after giving effect to the exchange of all Common Units for Class A common stock) and each of the Company’s directors and executive officers have agreed to a lock-up on terms at least as restrictive with respect to such Underwritten Offering as requested of the Holders. A Holder’s obligations under the second sentence of this Section 2.3 shall only apply for so long as such Holder (together with its Affiliates) holds at least 10% of the issued and outstanding Class A common stock (on a fully-exchanged basis after giving effect to the exchange of all Common Units for Class A common stock).

2.4 Block Trades.

2.4.1 Subject to Section 4.4, at any time and from time to time when the Lock-Up Period is not in effect with respect to Lock-Up Shares held by BT Assets and when an effective Shelf is on file with the Commission and effective, if BT Assets wishes to engage in an underwritten or other coordinated registered offering not involving a “roadshow,” an offer commonly known as a “block trade” (a “Block Trade”), with a total offering price reasonably expected to exceed, in the aggregate, either (x) $10,000,000 or (y) all remaining Registrable Securities held by BT Assets, then notwithstanding the time periods provided for in subsection 2.1.3, BT Assets shall notify the Company of the Block Trade at least five Business Days prior to the day such offering is to commence and the Company shall as expeditiously as possible use its commercially reasonable efforts to facilitate such Block Trade; provided, that BT Assets shall use commercially reasonable efforts to work with the Company and any Underwriters prior to making such request to facilitate preparation of the registration statement, prospectus and other offering documentation related to the Block Trade; provided, further, that if, in connection with a Block Trade, the Company is not required to take any actions to facilitate such Block Trade (other than customary coordination with the Company’s transfer agent to remove any restrictive legends from the shares of Class A common stock disposed of in such Block Trade but not procuring the delivery of an opinion by the Company’s counsel), then (i) the $10,000,000 offering size requirement under clause (x) above shall not apply and (ii) BT Assets shall not be required to notify the Company prior to such Block Trade.

2.4.2 Prior to the filing of the applicable “red herring” prospectus or prospectus supplement used in connection with a Block Trade, BT Assets shall have the right to submit a Withdrawal Notice to the Company and the Underwriter or Underwriters (if any) of its intention to withdraw from such Block Trade. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Agreement, the Company shall be responsible for the Registration Expenses incurred in connection with a Block Trade prior to its withdrawal under this subsection 2.4.2.


2.4.3 BT Assets shall have the right to select the Underwriters for a Block Trade (which shall consist of one or more reputable nationally recognized investment banks).

ARTICLE III

LOCK-UP

3.1 Lock-Up

3.1.1 .

3.1.2 Each of BT Assets and Sponsor (the “Locked-Up Holders”), severally, and not jointly, agrees with the Company not to effect any Transfer, or make a public announcement of any intention to effect such Transfer, of any Lock-Up Shares Beneficially Owned or otherwise held by such Locked-Up Holder during the Lock-Up Period (such restrictions, the “Lock-Up”); provided that the Lock-Up shall not apply to Transfers permitted pursuant to Section 3.2; provided, further, that any waiver of the Lock-Up shall require the approval of a majority of the independent directors of the Board; provided, further, that any such waiver must apply to an equal proportionate share of the Lock-Up Shares held by each Locked-Up Holder. “Lock-Up Shares” means the equity securities of the Company held by the Locked-Up Holders, directly or indirectly, as of the Closing Date other than the 500,000 shares of Class A common stock issued to Brandon Mintz on the Closing Date.

3.1.3 During the Lock-Up Period, any purported Transfer of Lock-Up Shares other than in accordance with this Agreement shall be null and void, and the Company shall refuse to recognize any such Transfer for any purpose.

3.1.4 The Locked-Up Holders acknowledge and agree that, notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in this Agreement, the equity securities of the Company Beneficially Owned by such Locked-Up Holder shall remain subject to any restrictions on Transfer under applicable securities Laws of any Governmental Authority, including all applicable holding periods under the Securities Act and other rules of the Commission.

3.2 Permitted Transfers3.2.1 . Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in this Agreement, during the Lock-Up Period applicable to any Lock-Up Shares of a Locked-Up Holder, such Locked-Up Holder may Transfer, without the consent of the Company, any of such Lock-Up Shares to (a) any of such Locked-Up Holder’s Permitted Transferees, upon written notice to the Company or (b)(i) a charitable organization, upon written notice to the Company, (ii) in the case of an individual, by virtue of Laws of descent and distribution upon death of the individual, (iii) in the case of an individual, pursuant to a qualified domestic relations order or (iv) pursuant to any liquidation, merger, stock exchange or other similar transaction which results in all of the Company’s stockholders having the right to exchange their shares of Class A common stock for cash, securities or other property subsequent to the Business Combination; provided that in connection with any Transfer of such Lock-Up Shares pursuant to clause (b)(ii) or clause (b)(iii), (A) the restrictions and obligations contained in Section 3.1 and this Section 3.2 will continue to apply to such Lock-Up Shares after any Transfer of such Lock-Up Shares and (B) the Transferee of such Lock-Up Shares shall have no rights under this Agreement, unless, for the avoidance of


doubt, such Transferee is a Permitted Transferee in accordance with this Agreement. Any Transferee of Lock-Up Shares that is a Permitted Transferee of the Transferor shall be required, at the time of and as a condition to such Transfer, to become a party to this Agreement, by executing and delivering a joinder to this Agreement, whereupon such Transferee will be treated as a Holder (with the same rights and obligations as the Transferor) for all purposes of this Agreement. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary, and for the avoidance of doubt, the Sponsor shall be permitted to forfeit any portion of its Lock-Up Shares pursuant to the Sponsor Support Agreement.

3.3 Other Lock-Up Restrictions3.3.1 . Each of the Company and the Sponsor hereby acknowledge and agree that this Article III supersedes Section 5 of the Sponsor Support Agreement in all respects, and, upon execution of this Agreement by each of the Company and the Sponsor, the Sponsor Support Agreement shall be deemed amended to remove Section 5 of the Sponsor Support Agreement.

ARTICLE IV

COMPANY PROCEDURES

4.1 General Procedures. In connection with effecting any Shelf Registration, Shelf Takedown and/or other disposition of Registrable Securities pursuant to a registration statement contemplated herein (to the extent applicable), the Company shall use its reasonable best efforts to effect such Registration to permit the sale of such Registrable Securities in accordance with the intended plan of distribution thereof, and pursuant thereto the Company shall, as expeditiously as possible:

4.1.1 prepare and file with the Commission as soon as practicable a Registration Statement with respect to such Registrable Securities and use its reasonable best efforts to cause such Registration Statement to become effective and remain effective until all Registrable Securities have ceased to be Registrable Securities;

4.1.2 prepare and file with the Commission such amendments and post-effective amendments to the Registration Statement, and such supplements to the Prospectus, as may be reasonably requested by any Holder that holds at least 5% of the Registrable Securities registered on such Registration Statement or any Underwriter of Registrable Securities or as may be required by the rules, regulations or instructions applicable to the registration form used by the Company or by the Securities Act or rules and regulations thereunder to keep the Registration Statement effective until all Registrable Securities covered by such Registration Statement are sold in accordance with the intended plan of distribution set forth in such Registration Statement or supplement to the Prospectus;

4.1.3 prior to filing a Registration Statement or Prospectus, or any amendment or supplement thereto, furnish without charge to the Underwriters, if any, and the Holders of Registrable Securities included in such Registration, and such Holders’ legal counsel, copies of such Registration Statement as proposed to be filed, each amendment and supplement to such Registration Statement (in each case including all exhibits thereto and documents incorporated by reference therein), the Prospectus included in such Registration Statement (including each preliminary Prospectus), and such other documents as the Underwriters and the Holders of Registrable Securities included in such Registration or the legal counsel for any such Holders may request to facilitate the disposition of the Registrable Securities owned by such Holders;


4.1.4 prior to any public offering of Registrable Securities, use its reasonable best efforts to (a) register or qualify the Registrable Securities covered by the Registration Statement under such securities or “blue sky” laws of such jurisdictions in the United States as the Holders of Registrable Securities included in such Registration Statement (in light of their intended plan of distribution) may request (or provide evidence satisfactory to such Holders that the Registrable Securities are exempt from such registration or qualification) and (b) take such action necessary to cause such Registrable Securities covered by the Registration Statement to be registered with or approved by such other Governmental Authorities as may be necessary by virtue of the business and operations of the Company and do any and all other acts and things that may be necessary or advisable to enable the Holders of Registrable Securities included in such Registration Statement to consummate the disposition of such Registrable Securities in such jurisdictions; provided, however, that the Company shall not be required to qualify generally to do business in any jurisdiction where it would not otherwise be required to qualify or take any action to which it would be subject to general service of process or taxation in any such jurisdiction where it is not then otherwise so subject;

4.1.5 cause all such Registrable Securities to be listed on each securities exchange or automated quotation system on which similar securities issued by the Company are then listed;

4.1.6 provide a transfer agent or warrant agent, as applicable, and registrar for all such Registrable Securities no later than the effective date of such Registration Statement;

4.1.7 advise each seller of such Registrable Securities, promptly after it shall receive notice or obtain knowledge thereof, of the issuance of any stop order by the Commission suspending the effectiveness of such Registration Statement or the initiation or threatening of any proceeding for such purpose and promptly use its reasonable best efforts to prevent the issuance of any stop order or to obtain its withdrawal if such stop order should be issued;

4.1.8 at least five days prior to the filing of any Registration Statement or Prospectus or any amendment or supplement to such Registration Statement or Prospectus or any document that is to be incorporated by reference into such Registration Statement or Prospectus (or such shorter period of time as may be necessary in order to comply with the Securities Act, the Exchange Act, and the rules and regulations promulgated under the Securities Act or Exchange Act, as applicable), furnish, without charge, a copy thereof to each seller of such Registrable Securities or its counsel (excluding any exhibits thereto and any filing made under the Exchange Act that is to be incorporated by reference therein);

4.1.9 notify the Holders at any time when a Prospectus relating to such Registration Statement is required to be delivered under the Securities Act, of the happening of any event as a result of which the Prospectus included in such Registration Statement, as then in effect, includes a Misstatement, as applicable, and then to correct such Misstatement as set forth in Section 4.4 hereof;


4.1.10 permit representatives of the Holders, the Underwriters or other financial institutions facilitating each transaction, if any, and any attorney, consultant or accountant retained by such Holders or Underwriter to participate, at each such person’s own expense, in the preparation of the Registration Statement, and cause the Company’s officers, directors and employees to supply all information reasonably requested by any such representative, Underwriter, financial institution, attorney, consultant or accountant in connection with the Registration; provided, however, that such representatives, Underwriters or financial institutions agree to confidentiality arrangements reasonably satisfactory to the Company, prior to the release or disclosure of any such information;

4.1.11 obtain a “cold comfort” letter from the Company’s independent registered public accountants in the event of an Underwritten Offering or other disposition pursuant to a registration statement contemplated herein that is facilitated by a financial institution which the participating Holders may rely on, in customary form and covering such matters of the type customarily covered by “cold comfort” letters as the managing Underwriter may reasonably request, and reasonably satisfactory to a majority-in-interest of the participating Holders;

4.1.12 on the date the Registrable Securities are delivered for sale pursuant to such Registration, obtain an opinion, dated such date, of counsel representing the Company for the purposes of such Registration, addressed to the Holders, the placement agent or sales agent, if any, and the Underwriters or financial institution, if any, covering such legal matters with respect to the Registration in respect of which such opinion is being given as the Holders, placement agent, sales agent, Underwriter or financial institution may reasonably request and as are customarily included in such opinions and negative assurance letters, and reasonably satisfactory to a majority in interest of the participating Holders;

4.1.13 in the event of any Underwritten Offering or other disposition pursuant to a registration statement contemplated herein that is facilitated by a financial institution or similar agent, enter into and perform its obligations under an underwriting agreement, in usual and customary form, with the managing Underwriter of such offering or such applicable financial institution;

4.1.14 make available to its security holders, as soon as reasonably practicable, an earnings statement covering the period of at least 12 months beginning with the first day of the Company’s first full calendar quarter after the effective date of the Registration Statement which satisfies the provisions of Section 11(a) of the Securities Act and Rule 158 thereunder (or any successor rule promulgated thereafter by the Commission);

4.1.15 with respect to an Underwritten Offering pursuant to subsection 2.1.3, use its reasonable best efforts to make available senior executives of the Company to participate in customary “road show” presentations that may be reasonably requested by the Underwriter in such Underwritten Offering; and

4.1.16 otherwise, in good faith, cooperate reasonably with, and take such customary actions as may reasonably be requested by the Holders, in connection with such Registration.


4.2 Registration Expenses. The Registration Expenses of all Registrations shall be borne by the Company. It is acknowledged by the Holders that the Holders selling any Registrable Securities in an offering shall bear all incremental selling expenses relating to the sale of Registrable Securities, such as Underwriters’ commissions and discounts, brokerage fees, Underwriter marketing costs and, other than as set forth in the definition of “Registration Expenses,” all reasonable fees and expenses of any legal counsel representing the Holders, in each case, as mutually agreed amongst such Holders.

4.3 Requirements for Participation in Underwritten Offerings. Notwithstanding anything in this Agreement to the contrary, if any Holder does not provide the Company with its requested Holder Information, the Company may exclude such Holder’s Registrable Securities from the applicable Registration Statement or Prospectus if the Company determines, based on the advice of counsel, that such information is necessary to effect the registration and such Holder continues thereafter to withhold such information. No Holder may participate in any Underwritten Offering for equity securities of the Company pursuant to a Registration initiated by the Company hereunder unless such Holder (a) agrees to sell such Holder’s securities on the basis provided in any underwriting and other arrangements approved by the Company and (b) completes and executes all customary questionnaires, powers of attorney, indemnities, lock-up agreements, underwriting agreements and other customary documents as may be reasonably required under the terms of such underwriting arrangements. Subject to the minimum thresholds set forth in subsections 2.1.3 and 4.1.15 of this Agreement, the exclusion of a Holder’s Registrable Securities as a result of this Section 4.3 shall not affect the registration of the other Registrable Securities to be included in such Registration.

4.4 Suspension of Sales; Adverse Disclosure; Restrictions on Registration Rights.

4.4.1 Upon receipt of written notice from the Company that a Registration Statement or Prospectus contains a Misstatement, as applicable, each Holder shall forthwith discontinue disposition of Registrable Securities until it has received copies of a supplemented or amended Prospectus correcting such Misstatement (it being understood that the Company hereby covenants to prepare and file such supplement or amendment as soon as practicable after the time of such notice), or until it is advised in writing by the Company that the use of the Prospectus may be resumed.

4.4.2 If the filing, initial effectiveness or continued use of a Registration Statement in respect of any Registration at any time would require the Company to make an Adverse Disclosure, and the majority of the Board concludes as a result that it is essential to defer such filing, initial effectiveness or continued use at such time (a “Suspension Event”), the Company may, upon giving prompt written notice of such action to the Holders (a “Suspension Notice”), delay the filing or initial effectiveness of, or suspend use of, such Registration Statement for the shortest period of time, but in no event more than 45 days for a single Suspension Event, determined in good faith by the Company to be necessary for such purpose (a “Suspension Period”); provided that the Company shall not declare more than two Suspension Events in any 12-month period; provided further, that no Suspension Event shall be declared within the 30 days following the conclusion of a prior Suspension Period; provided further, that the total Suspension Period in any consecutive 12-month period shall not exceed an aggregate of 60 days. In the event the Company exercises its rights under the preceding sentence, the Holders agree to suspend,


immediately upon their receipt of the notice referred to above, their use of the Prospectus relating to any Registration in connection with any sale or offer to sell Registrable Securities. The Company shall immediately notify the Holders of the expiration of any period during which it exercised its rights under this Section 4.4 (an “End of Suspension Notice”).

4.4.3 (a) During the period starting with the date 60 days prior to the Company’s good faith estimate of the date of the filing of, and ending on a date 120 days after the effective date of, a Company-initiated Registration and provided that the Company continues to actively employ, in good faith, all reasonable efforts to maintain the effectiveness of the applicable Shelf Registration Statement, or (b) if, pursuant to subsection 2.1.3, a Demanding Holder has requested an Underwritten Shelf Takedown and the Company and such Demanding Holder are unable to obtain the commitment of Underwriters to firmly underwrite such offering, the Company may, upon giving prompt written notice of such action to the Holders, delay any other registered offering pursuant to subsection 2.1.3.

4.5 Reporting Obligations. As long as any Holder shall own Registrable Securities, the Company, at all times while it shall be a reporting company under the Exchange Act, covenants to file timely (or obtain extensions in respect thereof and file within the applicable grace period) all reports required to be filed by the Company after the date hereof pursuant to Sections 13(a) or 15(d) of the Exchange Act and to promptly furnish the Holders with true and complete copies of all such filings; provided that any documents publicly filed or furnished with the Commission pursuant to the Electronic Data Gathering, Analysis and Retrieval System shall be deemed to have been furnished or delivered to the Holders pursuant to this Section 4.5.

4.6 Other Obligations. In connection with a sale or transfer of Registrable Securities exempt from Section 5 of the Securities Act or through any broker-dealer transactions described in the plan of distribution set forth within the Prospectus and pursuant to the Registration Statement of which such Prospectus forms a part, the Company shall, subject to the receipt of any customary documentation reasonably required from the applicable Holders and/or their broker(s) in connection therewith, (a) promptly instruct its transfer agent to remove any restrictive legends applicable to the Registrable Securities being sold or transferred and (b) cause its legal counsel to deliver the necessary legal opinions, if any, to the transfer agent in connection with the instruction under subclause (a). In addition, the Company shall cooperate reasonably with, and take such customary actions as may reasonably be requested by the Holders, in connection with the aforementioned sales or transfers; provided, however, that the Company shall have no obligation to participate in any “road shows” or assist with the preparation of any offering memoranda or related documentation with respect to any sale or transfer of Registrable Securities in any transaction that does not constitute an Underwritten Offering.


ARTICLE V

INDEMNIFICATION AND CONTRIBUTION

5.1 Indemnification.

5.1.1 The Company agrees to indemnify, to the extent permitted by law, each Holder, its officers and directors and each person who controls such Holder (within the meaning of the Securities Act) against all losses, claims, damages, liabilities and expenses (including reasonable attorneys’ fees) caused by any (a) Misstatement contained in any Registration Statement, Prospectus or preliminary Prospectus or any amendment thereof or supplement thereto, as applicable, or (b) any violation or alleged violation by the Company of the Securities Act or any other applicable federal or state securities laws or any rule or regulation promulgated thereunder application and relating to action or inaction required of the Company in connection with any such registration, qualification or compliance, except, in each case, insofar as the same are caused by or contained in any information or affidavit furnished in writing to the Company by or on behalf of such Holder expressly for use therein. The Company shall indemnify the Underwriters, their officers and directors and each person who controls such Underwriters (within the meaning of the Securities Act) to the same extent as provided in the foregoing with respect to the indemnification of the Holder.

5.1.2 In connection with any Registration Statement in which a Holder is participating, such Holder shall furnish to the Company in writing such information and affidavits as the Company reasonably requests for use in connection with any such Registration Statement or Prospectus (the “Holder Information”) and, to the extent permitted by law, shall indemnify the Company, its directors and officers and agents and each person who controls the Company (within the meaning of the Securities Act) against any losses, claims, damages, liabilities and expenses (including without limitation reasonable and documented, out-of-pocket attorneys’ fees) resulting from any Misstatement contained in the Registration Statement, Prospectus or preliminary Prospectus or any amendment thereof or supplement thereto, as applicable, but only to the extent that such Misstatement is contained in any information or affidavit so furnished in writing by such Holder expressly for use therein; provided, however, that the obligation to indemnify shall be several, not joint and several, among such Holders, and the liability of each such Holder shall be in proportion to and limited to the net proceeds received by such Holder from the sale of Registrable Securities pursuant to such Registration Statement. The Holders shall indemnify the Underwriters, their officers, directors and each person who controls such Underwriters (within the meaning of the Securities Act) to the same extent as provided in the foregoing with respect to indemnification of the Company.

5.1.3 Any person entitled to indemnification herein shall (a) give prompt written notice to the indemnifying party of any claim with respect to which it seeks indemnification (provided that the failure to give prompt notice shall not impair any person’s right to indemnification hereunder to the extent such failure has not materially prejudiced the indemnifying party) and (b) unless in such indemnified party’s reasonable judgment a conflict of interest between such indemnified and indemnifying parties may exist with respect to such claim, permit such indemnifying party to assume the defense of such claim with counsel reasonably satisfactory to the indemnified party. If such defense is assumed, the indemnifying party shall not be subject to any liability for any settlement made by the indemnified party without its consent (but such consent shall not be unreasonably withheld). An indemnifying party who is not entitled to, or elects not to, assume the defense of a claim shall not be obligated to pay the fees and expenses of more than one counsel for all parties indemnified by such indemnifying party with respect to such claim, unless in the reasonable judgment of any indemnified party a conflict of interest may exist between such indemnified party and any other of such indemnified parties with respect to such claim. No indemnifying party shall, without the consent of the indemnified party, consent to the entry of any judgment or enter into any settlement which cannot be settled in all respects by the payment of money (and such money is so paid by the indemnifying party pursuant to the terms of such settlement) or which settlement does not include as an unconditional term thereof the giving by the claimant or plaintiff to such indemnified party of a release from all liability in respect to such claim or litigation.


5.1.4 The indemnification provided for under this Agreement shall remain in full force and effect regardless of any investigation made by or on behalf of the indemnified party or any officer, director or controlling person of such indemnified party and shall survive the transfer of securities. The Company and each Holder participating in an offering also agrees to make such provisions as are reasonably requested by any indemnified party for contribution to such party in the event the Company’s or such Holder’s indemnification is unavailable for any reason.

5.1.5 If the indemnification provided under this Section 5.1 from the indemnifying party is unavailable or insufficient to hold harmless an indemnified party in respect of any losses, claims, damages, liabilities and expenses referred to herein, then the indemnifying party, in lieu of indemnifying the indemnified party, shall contribute to the amount paid or payable by the indemnified party as a result of such losses, claims, damages, liabilities and expenses in such proportion as is appropriate to reflect the relative fault of the indemnifying party and the indemnified party, as well as any other relevant equitable considerations. The relative fault of the indemnifying party and indemnified party shall be determined by reference to, among other things, whether any action in question, including any untrue or alleged untrue statement of a material fact or omission or alleged omission to state a material fact, was made by, or relates to information supplied by, such indemnifying party or indemnified party, and the indemnifying party’s and indemnified party’s relative intent, knowledge, access to information and opportunity to correct or prevent such action; provided, however, that the liability of any Holder under this subsection 5.1.5 shall be limited to the amount of the net proceeds received by such Holder in such offering giving rise to such liability. The amount paid or payable by a party as a result of the losses or other liabilities referred to above shall be deemed to include, subject to the limitations set forth in subsections 5.1.1, 5.1.2 and 5.1.3 above, any legal or other fees, charges or expenses reasonably incurred by such party in connection with any investigation or proceeding. The parties hereto agree that it would not be just and equitable if contribution pursuant to this subsection 5.1.5 were determined by pro rata allocation or by any other method of allocation, which does not take account of the equitable considerations referred to in this subsection 5.1.5. No person guilty of fraudulent misrepresentation (within the meaning of Section 11(f) of the Securities Act) shall be entitled to contribution pursuant to this subsection 5.1.5 from any person who was not guilty of such fraudulent misrepresentation.

ARTICLE VI

MISCELLANEOUS

6.1 Notices. All notices or other communications required or permitted to be given hereunder shall be in writing and shall be delivered by hand or electronic mail or postage prepaid mail (registered or certified) or nationally recognized overnight courier service and shall be deemed given when so delivered by hand or electronic mail, or if mailed, three days after mailing (one Business Day in the case of overnight courier service), as follows:


If, to the Company, to:

Bitcoin Depot, Inc.

2870 Peachtree Rd #327

Atlanta, Georgia, 30305

Email: brandon@bitcoindepot.com

Attention: Brandon Mintz, President & CEO

with a copy (which shall not constitute notice) to:

Kirkland & Ellis LLP

609 Main Street

Houston, Texas 77002

Attention: Thomas Laughlin, P.C.; Douglas E. Bacon, P.C.; Matthew R.

Pacey, P.C.; Atma Kabad; Billy Vranish

Email: thomas.laughlin@kirkland.com;

doug.bacon@kirkland.com; matt.pacey@kirkland.com;

atma.kabad@kirkland.com; billy.vranish@kirkland.com

If, to Sponsor or any of its Affiliates:

c/o GSR II Meteora Sponsor LLC

840 Park Drive East

Boca Raton, Florida 33432

Email: gus@gsrmet.com

Attn: Gus Garcia

with a copy (which shall not constitute notice) to:

Latham & Watkins LLP

10250 Constellation Blvd., Suite 1100

Century City, CA 90067

Email: steven.stokdyk@lw.com

Attn: Steven B. Stokdyk

If to any other Holder, at such Holder’s address or facsimile number as set forth in the Company’s books and records.

Any party may change its address for notice at any time and from time to time by written notice to the other parties hereto, and such change of address shall become effective 10 days after delivery of such notice as provided in this Section 6.1.

6.2 Assignment; No Third Party Beneficiaries.

6.2.1 This Agreement and the rights, duties and obligations of the Company hereunder may not be assigned or delegated by the Company in whole or in part.

6.2.2 Prior to the expiration of the Lock-Up Period with respect to any Lock-Up Shares of a Locked-Up Holder, such Holder may not assign or delegate such Locked-Up Holder’s rights, duties or obligations under this Agreement in connection with a Transfer of such Locked-Up Holder’s Registrable Securities, in whole or in part, except in connection with a Transfer pursuant to Section 3.2.


6.2.3 After the expiration of the Lock-Up Period with respect to Lock-Up Shares held by a Locked-Up Holder, and, at any time with respect to Registrable Securities held by any other Holder, each such Holder may assign or delegate its rights, duties or obligations under this Agreement in connection with a Transfer of such Holder’s Registrable Securities, in whole or in part, to (a) any of such Holder’s Permitted Transferees, provided, that each such Permitted Transferee holds, after giving effect to such assignment or delegation, at least 2% of the then-outstanding Class A common stock, (b) an Affiliate of such Holder, (c) direct and/or indirect equity holders of any Holder pursuant to a distribution as described in Section 6.14 of this Agreement or (d) with the prior written consent of the Company, any other entity or person.

6.2.4 This Agreement and the provisions hereof shall be binding upon and shall inure to the benefit of each of the parties and its successors and the permitted assigns of the Holders.

6.2.5 Other than as expressly set forth herein, this Agreement is for the sole benefit of the parties hereto and their respective successors and permitted assigns and nothing in this Agreement expressed or implied shall give or be construed to give to any person or entity, other than the parties hereto and such successors and permitted assigns, any legal or equitable rights under this Agreement.

6.2.6 No assignment by any party hereto of such party’s rights, duties and obligations hereunder shall be binding upon or obligate the Company unless and until the Company shall have received (a) written notice of such assignment as provided in Section 6.1 hereof and (b) the written agreement of the assignee, in a form reasonably satisfactory to the Company, to be bound by the terms and provisions of this Agreement (which may be accomplished by an addendum or certificate of joinder to this Agreement). Any transfer or assignment made other than as provided in this Section 6.2 shall be null and void.

6.3 Execution of Agreement. This Agreement may be executed in one or more counterparts, all of which shall be considered one and the same agreement, and shall become effective when one or more such counterparts have been signed by each of the parties and delivered to the other party. Facsimile or electronic mail transmission of counterpart signatures to this Agreement shall be acceptable and binding.

6.4 Governing Law; Venue.

6.4.1 This Agreement and all disputes, claims or controversies relating to, arising out of, or in connection with this Agreement shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the internal laws of the State of Delaware applicable to contracts executed in and to be performed in the State of Delaware, without giving effect to any choice of law or conflict of laws, rules or provisions (whether of the State of Delaware or any other jurisdiction) that would cause the application of the laws of any jurisdiction other than the State of Delaware.


6.4.2 Any proceeding or Action based upon, arising out of or related to this Agreement must be brought in the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware (or, to the extent such Court does not have subject matter jurisdiction, the Superior Court of the State of Delaware), or, if it has or can acquire jurisdiction, in the United States District Court for the District of Delaware, and each of the parties irrevocably submits to the exclusive jurisdiction of each such court in any such proceeding or Action, waives any objection it may now or hereafter have to personal jurisdiction, venue or to convenience of forum, agrees that all claims in respect of the proceeding or Action shall be heard and determined only in any such court, and agrees not to bring any proceeding or Action arising out of or relating to this Agreement in any other court. Nothing herein contained shall be deemed to affect the right of any party to serve process in any manner permitted by Law or to commence Legal Proceedings or otherwise proceed against any other party in any other jurisdiction, in each case, to enforce judgments obtained in any Action, suit or proceeding brought pursuant to this subsection 6.4.2.

6.5 Waiver of Jury Trial. Each party acknowledges and agrees that any controversy which may arise under this Agreement is likely to involve complicated and difficult issues, and therefore each such party hereby irrevocably, unconditionally and voluntarily waives any right such party may have to a trial by jury in respect of any Action, suit or proceeding directly or indirectly arising out of or relating to this Agreement.

6.6 Amendments and Waivers. Only upon the written consent of the Company and the Holders of at least a majority in interest of the total Registrable Securities at the time in question as determined in good faith by the Company, compliance with any of the provisions, covenants and conditions set forth in this Agreement may be waived, or any of such provisions, covenants or conditions may be amended or modified; provided, however, that notwithstanding the foregoing, any amendment hereto or waiver hereof that adversely affects one Holder, solely in its capacity as a holder of the shares of capital stock of the Company, in a manner that is materially different from the other Holders (in such capacity) shall require the consent of the Holder so affected. No provision of this Agreement may be waived unless such waiver is in writing and signed by the party or parties against whom such waiver is to be effective. No course of dealing between any Holder or the Company and any other party hereto or any failure or delay on the part of a Holder or the Company in exercising any rights or remedies under this Agreement shall operate as a waiver of any rights or remedies of any Holder or the Company. No single or partial exercise of any rights or remedies under this Agreement by a party shall operate as a waiver or preclude the exercise of any other rights or remedies hereunder or thereunder by such party. The rights and remedies of the parties hereunder are cumulative and are not exclusive of any rights or remedies that they would otherwise have hereunder.

6.7 Other Registration Rights. Other than the registration rights set forth in the Original Agreement, the Non-Redeeming Stockholders who have registration rights pursuant to their respective Non-Redemption Agreements with respect to equity securities of the Company issued on the Closing Date, and the subscribers who have registration rights pursuant to the transactions contemplated by that certain PIPE Agreement, dated June 23, 2023, by and among, among others, the Company and the subscribers set forth therein, the Company represents and warrants that no person, other than a Holder of Registrable Securities hereunder, has any right to require the Company to register any securities of the Company for sale or to include such securities of the Company in any Registration Statement filed by the Company for the sale of securities for its own


account or for the account of any other person. The Company shall not hereafter enter into any agreement with respect to its securities which is inconsistent with or violates the rights granted to any Holder of Registrable Securities in this Agreement, including any agreement that would allow such current or future holder to require the Company to include securities in any registration statement filed by the Company for such holders on a basis other than pari passu with, or expressly subordinate to, the registration rights of the Holders hereunder provided. Further, the Company represents and warrants that this Agreement supersedes any other registration rights agreement or agreement with similar terms and conditions and in the event of a conflict between any such agreement or agreements and this Agreement, the terms of this Agreement shall prevail. Notwithstanding any other rights and remedies the Holders may have in respect of the Company pursuant to this Agreement, if the Company enters into any other registration rights or similar agreement with respect to any of its securities that contains provisions that violate this Section 6.7, the terms and conditions of such agreement shall immediately be deemed to have been amended without further action by the Company or any Holder, so that such Holders shall each be entitled to the benefit of any such more favorable or less restrictive terms or conditions, as the case may be.

6.8 Rule 144. With a view to making available to the Holders the benefits of Rule 144 promulgated under the Securities Act, the Company covenants that it will (a) make available information necessary to comply with Rule 144, if available with respect to resales of the Registrable Securities under the Securities Act, at all times, and (b) cooperate with any Holder and take such further action as the Holders may reasonably request, all to the extent required from time to time to enable such Holders to sell Registrable Securities without registration under the Securities Act within the limitation of the exemptions provided by Rule 144 promulgated under the Securities Act (if available with respect to resales of the Registrable Securities), as such rule may be amended from time to time. Upon the reasonable request of any Holder, the Company will deliver to it a written statement as to whether they have complied with such information requirements, and, if not, the specific reasons for non-compliance. This Section 6.8 shall survive the termination of the Agreement so long as any Holder continues to hold Registrable Securities.

6.9 Term. This Agreement shall terminate with respect to any Holder on the date that such Holder no longer holds any Registrable Securities, except as otherwise provided herein. The provisions of Section 4.5 and Article V shall survive any termination.

6.10 Holder Information. Each Holder agrees, if requested in writing, to represent to the Company the total number of Registrable Securities held by such Holder for the Company to make determinations hereunder, including, without limitation, for purposes of Section 6.8 hereof.

6.11 Severability. It is the desire and intent of the parties that the provisions of this Agreement be enforced to the fullest extent permissible under the laws and public policies applied in each jurisdiction in which enforcement is sought. Accordingly, if any particular provision of this Agreement shall be adjudicated by a court of competent jurisdiction to be invalid, prohibited or unenforceable for any reason, such provision, as to such jurisdiction, shall be ineffective, without invalidating the remaining provisions of this Agreement or affecting the validity or enforceability of this Agreement or affecting the validity or enforceability of such provision in any other jurisdiction. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if such provision could be more narrowly drawn so as not to be invalid, prohibited or unenforceable in such jurisdiction, it shall, as to such jurisdiction, be so narrowly drawn, without invalidating the remaining provisions of this Agreement or affecting the validity or enforceability of such provision in any other jurisdiction.


6.12 Specific Performance. The parties agree that irreparable damage would occur in the event that any of the provisions of this Agreement were not performed in accordance with their specific terms or were otherwise breached. It is accordingly agreed that the Company shall be entitled to an injunction or injunctions to prevent breaches of this Agreement by a Holder and to enforce specifically the terms and provisions hereof.

6.13 Entire Agreement; Restatement. This Agreement constitutes the full and entire agreement and understanding between the parties with respect to the subject matter hereof and supersedes all prior agreements and understandings relating to such subject matter. Upon the Closing Date, the Original Agreement and all of the respective rights and obligations of the parties thereunder are terminated in their entirety and shall no longer be of any force or effect. Upon any amendment or restatement, this Agreement shall no longer be of any force or effect.

6.14 Distributions. In the event that any Holder distributes, or has distributed, any of its Registrable Securities to its direct and/or indirect equity holders, such distributees shall be treated as the applicable Holder hereunder; provided that only the holders of a majority-in-interest of the Registrable Securities held by all such distributees, as determined in good faith by the Company, shall be entitled to take any action under this Agreement that such Holder is entitled to take, provided, further, that such distributees, taken as a whole, shall not be entitled to rights in excess of those conferred to the applicable Holder, as if it remained a single entity party to this Agreement.

6.15 Adjustments. If, and as often as, there are any changes in the Registrable Securities by way of stock split, stock dividend, combination or reclassification, or through merger, consolidation, reorganization, recapitalization or sale, or by any other means, appropriate adjustment shall be made in the provisions of this Agreement, as may be required, so that the rights, privileges, duties and obligations hereunder shall continue with respect to the Registrable Securities as so changed.

6.16 Further Assurances. From time to time, at another party’s request and without further consideration (but at the requesting party’s reasonable cost and expense), each party shall execute and deliver such additional documents and take all such further action as may be reasonably necessary to consummate the transactions contemplated by this Agreement.

6.17 Opt-Out Notices. Any Holder may deliver written notice (an “Opt-Out Notice”) to the Company requesting that such Holder not receive notice from the Company of the proposed filing or withdrawal of any Shelf Registration Statement or Piggyback Registration, or any event that would lead to a Suspension Event as contemplated by Section 4.4; provided, however, that such Holder may later revoke any such Opt-Out Notice in writing. Following receipt of an Opt-Out Notice from a Holder (unless subsequently revoked), the Company shall not deliver any notice to such Holder pursuant to Sections 2.1, 2.2 or 4.4, as applicable, and such Holder shall no longer be entitled to the rights associated with any such notice. Each time prior to a Holder’s intended use of an effective Shelf Registration Statement, such Holder will notify the Company in writing at least two Business Days in advance of such intended use. If a Suspension Notice was previously delivered (or would have been delivered but for the provisions of this Section 6.17) and the


Suspension Event remains in effect, the Company will so notify such Holder, within one Business Day of such Holder’s notification to the Company, by delivering to such Holder a copy of such previous notice of such Suspension Event, and thereafter will provide such Holder with the related End of Suspension Notice immediately upon its availability.

[SIGNATURE PAGES FOLLOW]


IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have duly executed this Agreement as of the date first above written.

 

COMPANY:
Bitcoin Depot, Inc.
By:   /s/ Brandon Mintz
  Name: Brandon Mintz
  Title: President and Chief Executive Officer

 

 

[Signature Page to Amended and Restated Registration Rights Agreement]


HOLDERS:
BT Assets, Inc.
By:  

/s/ Brandon Mintz

  Name: Brandon Mintz
  Title: President

 

[Signature Page to Amended and Restated Registration Rights Agreement]


HOLDERS:
GSR II Meteora Sponsor, LLC
By:   /s/ Gus Garcia
  Name: Gus Garcia
  Title: Co-Chief Executive Officer

/s/ Baris Guzel

/s/ David Lorber

/s/ Michael Moe

/s/ Eve Mongiardo

AQR ABSOLUTE RETURN MASTER ACCOUNT, L.P.
AQR CORPORATE ARBITRAGE MASTER ACCOUNT, L.P.
AQR GLOBAL ALTERNATIVE INVESTMENT
OFFSHORE FUND, L.P. – SPACS SLEEVE
AQR FUNDS – AQR DIVERSIFIED ARBITRAGE FUND
AQR TAX ADVANTAGED ABSOLUTE RETURN FUND, L.P.
By: AQR Capital Management, LLC, its investment adviser
with respect to the shares under that certain Voting and Non-Redemption Agreement or Non-Redemption Agreement
By:  

/s/ Nicole DonVito

Name: Nicole DonVito
Title: Managing Director
Arena Investors, LP
with respect to the shares under that certain Voting and Non-Redemption Agreement or Non-Redemption Agreement
By:  

/s/ Lawrence Cutler

Name: Lawrence Cutler
Title: Authorized Signatory
ATALAYA SPECIAL PURPOSE INVESTMENT FUND II LP
ACM ASOF VIII SECONDARY-C LP
With respect to the shares under that certain Voting and Non-Redemption Agreement or Non- Redemption Agreement
By:  

/s/ Ivan Zinn

Name: Ivan Zinn
Title: Authorized Signatory
Fir Tree Capital Management, LP
On behalf of the entities listed on Exhibit A
Of that certain Voting and Non-Redemption Agreement with respect to the shares thereunder
By:  

/s/ Brian Meyer

Name: Brian Meyer
Title: Authorized Person

 

[Signature Page to Amended and Restated Registration Rights Agreement]


HARRADEN CIRCLE INVESTMENTS, LLC
Investment Manager to:
HARRADEN CIRCLE INVESTORS, L.P.
WARBASSE67 FUND LLC
GANTCHER FAMILY LIMITED PARTNERSHIP

 

FREDERICK FORTMILLER, Jr.

 

with respect to the shares under that certain Voting and Non-Redemption Agreement or Non-Redemption Agreement

By:  

/s/ Frederick V. Fortmiller, Jr.

Name: Frederick V. Fortmiller, Jr.
Title: Managing Member
OWL CREEK CREDIT OPPORTUNITIES
MASTER FUND, L.P.,
By: Owl Creek Advisors, LLC, its General Partner
with respect to the shares under that certain Voting and Non-Redemption Agreement or Non-Redemption Agreement
By:  

/s/ Kevin Dibble

Name: Kevin Dibble
Title: General Counsel and Authorized Signatory
Perga Capital Partners, LP,
with respect to the shares under that certain Voting and Non-Redemption Agreement or Non-Redemption Agreement
By:  

/s/ Jonathan Hoke

Name: Jonathan Hoke
Title: Managing Member of the GP
Polar Multi-Strategy Master Fund
By its investment advisor
Polar Asset Management Partners Inc.
with respect to the shares under that certain Voting and Non-Redemption Agreement or Non-Redemption Agreement
By:  

/s/ Michelle Li

Name: Michelle Li
Title: Director, OCOO
By:  

/s/ Aatifa Ibrahim

Name: Aatifa Ibrahim
Title: Legal Counsel

 

[Signature Page to Amended and Restated Registration Rights Agreement]


RADCLIFFE SPAC MULTI-STRATEGY
MASTER FUND, L.P.
with respect to the shares under that certain Voting and Non-Redemption Agreement or Non-Redemption Agreement
By:  

/s/ Christopher Hinkel

Name: Christopher Hinkel
Title: Managing Member
Sandia Crest LP,
Boothbay Absolute Return Strategies, LP,
Boothbay Diversified Alpha Master Fund LP,
Diametric True Alpha Enhanced Market Master
Fund, LP,
Diametric True Alpha Market Neutral Master
Fund, LP,
Pinebridge Partners Master Fund, LP,
Walleye Investments Fund LLC,
Walleye Opportunities Master Fund Ltd.,
with respect to the shares under that certain Voting and Non-Redemption Agreement or Non-Redemption Agreement
By:  

/s/ Timothy J Sichler

Name: Timothy J Sichler

Title: CIO & Founder

Sea Otter Trading, LLC
with respect to the shares under that certain Voting and Non-Redemption Agreement or Non-Redemption Agreement
By:  

/s/ Peter Smith

Name: Peter Smith
Title: Managing Member
Shaolin Capital Management LLC,
with respect to the shares under that certain Voting and Non-Redemption Agreement or Non-Redemption Agreement
By:  

/s/ Carl Winter

Name: Carl Winter
Title: Director of Operations
Space Summit Opportunity Fund I LP
with respect to the shares under that certain Voting and Non-Redemption Agreement or Non-Redemption Agreement
By:  

/s/ Keith Fleischmann

Name: Keith Fleischmann
Title: Managing Member

 

[Signature Page to Amended and Restated Registration Rights Agreement]


MANAGEMENT HOLDERS:
Brandon Mintz
By:  

/s/ Brandon Mintz

  Name: Brandon Mintz
Address:
Email:

 

[Signature Page to Amended and Restated Registration Rights Agreement]

Exhibit 10.6

INDEMNIFICATION AGREEMENT

THIS INDEMNIFICATION AGREEMENT (this “Agreement”) is made as of June 30, 2023 (the “Effective Date”), by and between Bitcoin Depot Inc., a Delaware corporation (the “Company”), and the undersigned individual (“Indemnitee”).

RECITALS

WHEREAS, highly competent persons have become more reluctant to serve publicly-held corporations as directors, officers or in other capacities unless they are provided with adequate protection through insurance and/or adequate indemnification against inordinate risks of claims and actions against them arising out of their service to and activities on behalf of such corporations;

WHEREAS, the Board of Directors of the Company (the “Board”) has determined that, in order to attract and retain qualified individuals, the Company will use commercially reasonable efforts to obtain and maintain, at its sole expense, liability insurance to protect such individuals serving the Company and its subsidiaries from and against certain liabilities. Although the furnishing of such insurance has been a customary and widespread practice among corporations and other business enterprises, the Company believes that, given current market conditions and trends, such insurance may be available to it in the future only at higher premiums and with more exclusions. At the same time, directors, officers and other persons in service to corporations or business enterprises are being increasingly subjected to expensive and time-consuming litigation relating to, among other things, matters that traditionally would have been brought only against the Company or business enterprise itself. The Bylaws (as amended or amended and restated from time to time, the “Bylaws”) of the Company require exculpation and indemnification of the officers and directors of the Company during any Proceeding. Indemnitee may also be entitled to indemnification pursuant to applicable provisions of the Delaware General Corporation Law (the “DGCL”). The Bylaws and the DGCL expressly provide that the indemnification provisions set forth therein are not exclusive, and thereby contemplate that contracts may be entered into between the Company and directors, officers and other persons with respect to indemnification, hold harmless, exoneration, advancement and reimbursement rights;

WHEREAS, the uncertainties relating to such insurance and to indemnification have increased the difficulty of attracting and retaining such persons;

WHEREAS, the Board has determined that the increased difficulty in attracting and retaining such persons is detrimental to the best interests of the Company’s stockholders and that the Company should act to assure such persons that there will be increased certainty of such protection in the future;

WHEREAS, it is reasonable, prudent and necessary for the Company contractually to obligate itself to indemnify, hold harmless, exonerate and advance expenses on behalf of, such persons to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law so that they will serve or continue to serve the Company free from undue concern that they will not be so protected against liabilities;

WHEREAS, the parties to this Agreement desire to set forth their agreement regarding indemnification and advance of expenses;

WHEREAS, this Agreement is a supplement to and in furtherance of the Certificate of Incorporation (as amended or amended and restated from time to time, the “Charter”) and Bylaws and any resolutions adopted pursuant thereto, and shall not be deemed a substitute therefor, nor shall this Agreement diminish or abrogate any rights of Indemnitee thereunder; and


WHEREAS, Indemnitee may not be willing to serve as an officer, director, advisor, key employee or in another capacity without adequate protection, and the Company desires Indemnitee to serve in such capacity. Indemnitee is willing to serve, continue to serve and to take on additional service for or on behalf of the Company on the condition that Indemnitee be, and remain, so indemnified.

NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the premises and the covenants contained herein, the Company and Indemnitee do hereby covenant and agree as follows:

TERMS AND CONDITIONS

1. SERVICES TO THE COMPANY. In consideration of the Company’s covenants and obligations hereunder, Indemnitee will serve, or continue to serve, as an officer, director, advisor, key employee or in the other capacity which initially entitled him or her to indemnification, of the Company, as applicable, for so long as Indemnitee is duly elected, appointed or retained, or until Indemnitee tenders Indemnitee’s resignation or until Indemnitee is removed. The foregoing notwithstanding, this Agreement shall continue in full force and effect after Indemnitee has ceased to serve as a director, officer, advisor, key employee or in the other capacity which initially entitled him or her to indemnification, of the Company, as provided for in Section 16. This Agreement, however, shall not impose any obligation on Indemnitee or the Company to continue Indemnitee’s service to the Company beyond any period otherwise required by law or by other agreements or commitments of the parties hereto, if any.

2. DEFINITIONS. As used in this Agreement:

(a) The term “agent” shall mean any person who is or was a director, officer, trustee, general partner, manager, managing member, fiduciary or employee of the Company or a Subsidiary (as defined below) of the Company, or other person authorized by the Company to act for the Company, to include such person serving in such capacity as a director, officer, trustee, general partner, manager, managing member, fiduciary, employee, advisor or other official of another corporation, partnership, limited liability company, joint venture, trust or other enterprise at the request of, for the convenience of, or to represent the interests of the Company or a Subsidiary of the Company.

(b) The terms “Beneficial Owner” and “Beneficial Ownership” shall have the meanings set forth in Rule 13d-3 promulgated under the Exchange Act (as defined below) as in effect on the date hereof.

(c) The term “Change in Control” shall be deemed to occur upon the earliest to occur after the Effective Date of any of the following events:

(i) Acquisition of Stock by Third Party. Any Person (as defined below) is or becomes the Beneficial Owner, directly or indirectly, of securities of the Company representing 15% or more of the combined voting power of the Company’s then outstanding securities entitled to vote generally in the election of directors, unless (A) the change in the relative Beneficial Ownership of the Company’s securities by any Person results solely from a reduction in the aggregate number of outstanding shares of securities entitled to vote generally in the election of directors, or (B) such acquisition was approved in advance by the Continuing Directors (as defined below) and such acquisition would not constitute a Change in Control under part (iii) of this definition;

 

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(ii) Change in Board of Directors. Individuals who, as of the Effective Date, constitute the Board, and any new director whose election by the Board or nomination for election by the Company’s stockholders was approved by a vote of at least two-thirds of the directors then still in office who were directors on the Effective Date or whose election for nomination for election was previously so approved (collectively, the “Continuing Directors”), cease for any reason to constitute at least a majority of the members of the Board;

(iii) Corporate Transactions. The effective date of a merger, share exchange, asset acquisition, stock purchase, reorganization or similar business combination involving the Company and one or more businesses (a “Business Combination”), in each case, unless, following such Business Combination: (A) all or substantially all of the individuals and entities who were the Beneficial Owners of securities entitled to vote generally in the election of directors immediately prior to such Business Combination beneficially own, directly or indirectly, more than 51% of the combined voting power of the then outstanding securities of the Company entitled to vote generally in the election of directors resulting from such Business Combination (including, without limitation, a corporation which as a result of such transaction owns the Company or all or substantially all of the Company’s assets either directly or through one or more Subsidiaries (as defined below)) in substantially the same proportions as their ownership immediately prior to such Business Combination, of the securities entitled to vote generally in the election of directors; (B) no Person (excluding any corporation resulting from such Business Combination) is the Beneficial Owner, directly or indirectly, of 15% or more of the combined voting power of the then outstanding securities entitled to vote generally in the election of directors of the surviving corporation except to the extent that such ownership existed prior to the Business Combination; and (C) at least a majority of the Board of Directors of the corporation resulting from such Business Combination were Continuing Directors at the time of the execution of the initial agreement, or of the action of the Board of Directors, providing for such Business Combination;

(iv) Liquidation. The approval by the stockholders of the Company of a complete liquidation of the Company or an agreement or series of agreements for the sale or disposition by the Company of all or substantially all of the Company’s assets (or, if such stockholder approval is not required, the decision by the Board to proceed with such a liquidation, sale, or disposition in one transaction or a series of related transactions); or

(v) Other Events. There occurs any other event of a nature that would be required to be reported in response to Item 6(e) of Schedule 14A of Regulation 14A (or any successor rule) (or a response to any similar item on any similar schedule or form) promulgated under the Exchange Act, whether or not the Company is then subject to such reporting requirement.

(d) The term “Corporate Status” describes the status of a person who is or was a director, officer, trustee, general partner, manager, managing member, fiduciary, employee or agent of the Company or of any other Enterprise (as defined below) which such person is or was serving at the request of the Company.

(e) The term “Delaware Court” shall mean the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware.

 

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(f) The term “Disinterested Director” shall mean a director of the Company who is not and was not a party to the Proceeding (as defined below) in respect of which indemnification is sought by Indemnitee.

(g) The term “Enterprise” shall mean the Company and any other corporation, constituent corporation (including any constituent of a constituent) absorbed in a consolidation or merger to which the Company (or any of its wholly owned subsidiaries) is a party, limited liability company, partnership, joint venture, trust, employee benefit plan or other enterprise of which Indemnitee is or was serving at the request of the Company as a director, officer, trustee, general partner, manager, managing member, fiduciary, employee or agent.

(h) The term “Exchange Act” shall mean the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.

(i) The term “Expenses” shall include any and all reasonable, actual, documented and out-of-pocket fees and costs, including, without limitation, attorneys’ fees, retainers, court costs, arbitration and mediation costs, transcript costs, fees of experts, witness fees, travel expenses, fees of private investigators and professional advisors, duplicating costs, printing and binding costs, telephone charges, postage, delivery service fees, fax transmission charges, secretarial services, federal, state, local or foreign taxes imposed on Indemnitee as a result of the actual or deemed receipt of any payments under this Agreement, ERISA excise taxes and penalties and any other disbursements, obligations or expenses incurred in connection with prosecuting, defending, preparing to prosecute or defend, investigating, being or preparing to be a witness in, settlement or appeal of, or otherwise participating in, a Proceeding. “Expenses” also shall include expenses incurred in connection with any appeal resulting from any Proceeding, including without limitation the principal, premium, security for, and other costs relating to any cost bond, supersedeas bond, or other appeal bond or its equivalent. “Expenses,” however, shall not include any Liabilities.

(j) The term “Good Faith” shall mean a person deemed to have acted in a manner such person reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the Company, or, with respect to any criminal action or proceeding, to have had no reasonable cause to believe such person’s conduct was unlawful, if such person’s action is based on Good Faith reliance on the records or books of account of the Company or another Enterprise, or on information supplied to such person by the officers of the Company or another Enterprise in the course of their duties, or on the advice of legal counsel for the Company or another Enterprise or on information or records given or reports made to the Company or another Enterprise by an independent certified public accountant or by an appraiser or other expert selected with reasonable care by the Company or another Enterprise.

(k) The term “Independent Counsel” shall mean a law firm or a member of a law firm with significant experience in matters of corporate law and that neither presently is, nor in the past five years has been, retained to represent: (i) the Company or Indemnitee in any matter material to either such party (other than with respect to matters concerning Indemnitee under this Agreement, or of other indemnitees under similar indemnification agreements); or (ii) any other party to the Proceeding giving rise to a claim for indemnification hereunder. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the term “Independent Counsel” shall not include any person who, under the applicable standards of professional conduct then prevailing, would have a conflict of interest in representing either the Company or Indemnitee in an action to determine Indemnitee’s rights under this Agreement.

 

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(l) The term “Liabilities” shall mean damages, losses and liabilities of any type whatsoever, including, but not limited to, any judgments, fines, penalties and amounts paid in settlement (including all interest assessments and other charges paid or payable in connection with, or in respect of, such judgments, fines, penalties or amounts paid in settlement) of any Proceeding.

(m) The term “Person” shall have the meaning as set forth in Sections 13(d) and 14(d) of the Exchange Act as in effect on the date hereof; provided, however, that “Person” shall exclude: (i) the Company; (ii) any Subsidiaries (as defined below) of the Company; (iii) any employment benefit plan of the Company or of a Subsidiary of the Company or of any corporation owned, directly or indirectly, by the stockholders of the Company in substantially the same proportions as their ownership of stock of the Company; and (iv) any trustee or other fiduciary holding securities under an employee benefit plan of the Company or of a Subsidiary of the Company or of a corporation owned directly or indirectly by the stockholders of the Company in substantially the same proportions as their ownership of stock of the Company.

(n) The term “Proceeding” shall include any threatened, pending or completed action, suit, arbitration, mediation, alternate dispute resolution mechanism, investigation, inquiry, administrative hearing or any other actual, threatened or completed proceeding, whether brought in the right of the Company or otherwise and whether of a civil (including intentional or unintentional tort claims), criminal, administrative or investigative or related nature, in which Indemnitee was, is, will or might be involved as a party or otherwise by reason of the fact that Indemnitee is or was a director or officer of the Company, by reason of any action (or failure to act) taken by Indemnitee or of any action (or failure to act) on Indemnitee’s part while acting as a director or officer of the Company, or by reason of the fact that Indemnitee is or was serving at the request of the Company as a director, officer, trustee, general partner, manager, managing member, fiduciary, employee or agent of any other Enterprise, in each case whether or not serving in such capacity at the time any liability or expense is incurred for which indemnification, reimbursement, or advancement of expenses can be provided under this Agreement.

(o) The term “serving at the request of the Company” shall include any service as a director, officer, employee, agent or fiduciary of the Company which imposes duties on, or involves services by, such director, officer, employee, agent or fiduciary with respect to an employee benefit plan, its participants or beneficiaries; and if Indemnitee acted in Good Faith and in a manner Indemnitee reasonably believed to be in the best interests of the participants and beneficiaries of an employee benefit plan, Indemnitee shall be deemed to have acted in a manner “not opposed to the best interests of the Company” as referred to in this Agreement.

(p) The term “Subsidiary,” with respect to any Person, shall mean any corporation, limited liability company, partnership, joint venture, trust or other entity of which a majority of the voting power of the voting equity securities or equity interest is owned, directly or indirectly, by that Person.

3. INDEMNITY IN THIRD-PARTY PROCEEDINGS. To the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, the Company shall indemnify, hold harmless and exonerate Indemnitee in accordance with the provisions of this Section 3 if Indemnitee was, is, or is threatened to be made, a party to or a participant (as a witness, deponent or otherwise) in any Proceeding, other than a Proceeding by or in the right of the Company to procure a judgment in its favor by reason of Indemnitee’s Corporate Status. Pursuant to this Section 3, Indemnitee shall be indemnified, held harmless and exonerated against all Expenses and Liabilities actually incurred by Indemnitee, or on Indemnitee’s behalf, in connection with such Proceeding or any claim, issue or matter therein, if Indemnitee acted in Good Faith and in a manner Indemnitee reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the Company and, in the case of a criminal Proceeding, had no reasonable cause to believe that Indemnitee’s conduct was unlawful.

 

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4. INDEMNITY IN PROCEEDINGS BY OR IN THE RIGHT OF THE COMPANY. To the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, the Company shall indemnify, hold harmless and exonerate Indemnitee in accordance with the provisions of this Section 4 if Indemnitee was, is, or is threatened to be made, a party to or a participant (as a witness, deponent or otherwise) in any Proceeding by or in the right of the Company to procure a judgment in its favor by reason of Indemnitee’s Corporate Status. Pursuant to this Section 4, Indemnitee shall be indemnified, held harmless and exonerated against all Expenses actually incurred by Indemnitee, or on Indemnitee’s behalf, in connection with such Proceeding or any claim, issue or matter therein, if Indemnitee acted in Good Faith and in a manner Indemnitee reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the Company. No indemnification, hold harmless or exoneration for Expenses shall be made under this Section 4 in respect of any claim, issue or matter as to which Indemnitee shall have been finally adjudged by a court to be liable to the Company, unless and only to the extent that any court in which the Proceeding was brought or the Delaware Court shall determine upon application that, despite the adjudication of liability but in view of all the circumstances of the case, Indemnitee is fairly and reasonably entitled to indemnification, to be held harmless or to exoneration.

5. INDEMNIFICATION FOR EXPENSES OF A PARTY WHO IS WHOLLY OR PARTLY SUCCESSFUL. Notwithstanding any other provisions of this Agreement, to the extent that Indemnitee was or is, by reason of Indemnitee’s Corporate Status, a party to (or a participant in) and is successful, on the merits or otherwise in defense of any Proceeding or in defense of any claim, issue or matter therein, in whole or in part, the Company shall, to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, indemnify, hold harmless and exonerate Indemnitee against all Expenses actually incurred by Indemnitee in connection therewith. If Indemnitee is not wholly successful in such Proceeding but is successful, on the merits or otherwise, as to one or more but less than all claims, issues or matters in such Proceeding, the Company shall, to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, indemnify, hold harmless and exonerate Indemnitee against all Expenses actually incurred by Indemnitee, or on Indemnitee’s behalf, in connection with each successfully resolved claim, issue or matter. If Indemnitee is not wholly successful in such Proceeding, the Company also shall, to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, indemnify, hold harmless and exonerate Indemnitee against all Expenses actually incurred in connection with a claim, issue or matter related to any claim, issue, or matter on which Indemnitee was successful. For purposes of this Section 5 and without limitation, the termination of any claim, issue or matter in such a Proceeding by dismissal, with or without prejudice, shall be deemed to be a successful result as to such claim, issue or matter.

6. INDEMNIFICATION FOR EXPENSES OF A WITNESS. Notwithstanding any other provision of this Agreement, to the extent that Indemnitee is, by reason of Indemnitee’s Corporate Status, a witness or deponent in any Proceeding to which Indemnitee is not a party or threatened to be made a party, the Company shall, to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, indemnify, hold harmless and exonerate Indemnitee from and against all Expenses actually incurred by Indemnitee or on Indemnitee’s behalf in connection therewith.

 

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7. ADDITIONAL INDEMNIFICATION, HOLD HARMLESS AND EXONERATION RIGHTS. Notwithstanding any limitation in Sections 3, 4, or 5, the Company shall, to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, indemnify, hold harmless and exonerate Indemnitee if Indemnitee is a party to or threatened to be made a party to any Proceeding against all Expenses (including all interest, assessments and other charges paid or payable in connection with or in respect of such Expenses) and Liabilities actually and reasonably incurred and documented by Indemnitee in connection with the Proceeding. No indemnification, hold harmless or exoneration rights shall be available under this Section 7 on account of Indemnitee’s conduct which constitutes a breach of Indemnitee’s duty of loyalty to the Company or its stockholders, is an act or omission not in Good Faith or which involves intentional misconduct or a knowing violation of the law.

8. CONTRIBUTION IN THE EVENT OF JOINT LIABILITY.

(a) To the fullest extent permissible under applicable law, if the indemnification, hold harmless and/or exoneration rights provided for in this Agreement are unavailable to Indemnitee in whole or in part for any reason whatsoever, the Company, in lieu of indemnifying, holding harmless or exonerating Indemnitee, shall contribute the entire amount incurred by Indemnitee, whether for judgments, liabilities, fines, penalties, amounts paid or to be paid in settlement and/or for Expenses, in connection with any Proceeding without requiring Indemnitee to contribute to such payment, and the Company hereby waives and relinquishes any right of contribution it may have at any time against Indemnitee.

(b) The Company shall not enter into any settlement of any Proceeding in which the Company is jointly liable with Indemnitee (or would be if joined in such Proceeding) unless such settlement provides for a full and final release of all claims asserted against Indemnitee.

(c) The Company hereby agrees to fully indemnify, hold harmless and exonerate Indemnitee from any claims for contribution which may be brought by officers, directors or employees of the Company other than Indemnitee who may be jointly liable with Indemnitee.

9. EXCLUSIONS. Notwithstanding any provision in this Agreement, the Company shall not be obligated under this Agreement to make any indemnification, advance of expenses, hold harmless or exoneration payment in connection with any claim made against Indemnitee:

(a) for which payment has actually been received by or on behalf of Indemnitee under any statute, insurance policy indemnity or advancement provision, vote or otherwise, except with respect to any excess beyond the amount actually received under any statute, insurance policy indemnity or advancement provision, vote or otherwise;

(b) for an accounting or disgorgement of profits pursuant to Section 16(b) of the Exchange Act, or similar provisions of federal, state or local statutory law or common law, if Indemnitee is held liable therefor (including pursuant to any settlement arrangements);

(c) for any reimbursement of the Company by Indemnitee of any bonus or other incentive-based or equity-based compensation or of any profits realized by Indemnitee from the sale of securities of the Company, as required in each case under the Exchange Act (including any such reimbursements that arise from an accounting restatement of the Company pursuant to Section 304 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, as amended (the “Sarbanes-Oxley Act”), or the payment to the Company of profits arising from the purchase and sale by such person of securities in violation of Section 306 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act), if Indemnitee is held liable therefor (including pursuant to any settlement arrangements); or

 

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(d) except as otherwise provided in Sections 14(f)-(g) hereof, prior to a Change in Control, in connection with any Proceeding (or any part of any Proceeding) initiated by Indemnitee, including any Proceeding (or any part of any Proceeding) initiated by Indemnitee against the Company or its directors, officers, employees or other indemnitees, unless (i) the Board authorized the Proceeding (or any part of any Proceeding) prior to its initiation or (ii) the Company provides the indemnification, advance of expenses, hold harmless or exoneration payment, in its sole discretion, pursuant to the powers vested in the Company under applicable law. Indemnitee shall seek payments or advances from the Company only to the extent that such payments or advances are unavailable from any insurance policy of the Company covering Indemnitee; or

(e) if prohibited by applicable law.

10. ADVANCES OF EXPENSES; DEFENSE OF CLAIM.

(a) Notwithstanding any provision of this Agreement to the contrary, and to the fullest extent not prohibited by applicable law, the Company shall pay the Expenses actually and reasonably incurred by Indemnitee in connection with any Proceeding within (i) 30 days after the receipt by the Company of a statement or statements requesting such advances from time to time, prior to the final disposition of any Proceeding. Advances shall, to the fullest extent permitted by law, be unsecured and interest free. Advances shall, to the fullest extent permitted by law, be made without regard to Indemnitee’s ability to repay the Expenses and without regard to Indemnitee’s ultimate entitlement to be indemnified, held harmless or exonerated under the other provisions of this Agreement. Advances shall include any and all Expenses incurred pursuing a Proceeding to enforce this right of advancement, including Expenses actually incurred preparing and forwarding statements to the Company to support the advances claimed. To the fullest extent required by applicable law, such payments of Expenses in advance of the final disposition of the Proceeding shall be made only upon the Company’s receipt of an undertaking, by or on behalf of Indemnitee, to repay the advanced amounts to the extent that it is ultimately determined that Indemnitee is not entitled to be indemnified, held harmless or exonerated by the Company under the provisions of this Agreement, the Charter, the Bylaws, applicable law or otherwise. This Section 10(a) shall not apply to any claim made by Indemnitee for which an indemnification, advance of expenses, hold harmless or exoneration payment is excluded pursuant to Section 9.

(b) The Company will be entitled to participate in the Proceeding at its own expense.

(c) The Company shall not settle any action, claim or Proceeding (in whole or in part) which would impose any Expense or Liability on Indemnitee without Indemnitee’s prior written consent, such consent not to be unreasonably withheld, delayed or conditioned.

11. PROCEDURE FOR NOTIFICATION AND APPLICATION FOR INDEMNIFICATION.

(a) Indemnitee agrees to notify promptly the Company in writing, email being sufficient, upon being served with any summons, citation, subpoena, complaint, indictment, information or other document relating to any Proceeding, claim, issue or matter therein which may be subject to indemnification, hold harmless or exoneration rights, or advancement of Expenses covered hereunder. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the failure of Indemnitee to so notify the Company shall not relieve the Company of any obligation which it may have to Indemnitee under this Agreement unless, and to the extent that, such failure actually and materially prejudices the interests of the Company.

 

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(b) Indemnitee must deliver to the Company a written application, including therein or therewith such documentation and information as is reasonably available to Indemnitee and is reasonably necessary to determine whether and to what extent Indemnitee is entitled to indemnification, to indemnify, hold harmless or exonerate Indemnitee in accordance with this Agreement. Such application(s) may be delivered from time to time and at such time(s) as Indemnitee deems appropriate in his or her sole discretion; provided, that such written application is delivered promptly upon Indemnitee becoming aware of a need for indemnification, hold harmless or exoneration. Following such a written application for indemnification by Indemnitee, Indemnitee’s entitlement to indemnification shall be determined according to Section 12(a) of this Agreement.

12. PROCEDURE UPON APPLICATION FOR INDEMNIFICATION. It is the intent of this Agreement to secure for Indemnitee rights of indemnity that are as favorable as may be permitted under applicable law. Accordingly, the parties hereto agree that the following procedures shall apply in the event of any question as to whether Indemnitee is entitled to indemnification under this Agreement:

(a) A determination, if required by applicable law, with respect to Indemnitee’s entitlement to indemnification shall be made in the specific case by one of the following methods: (i) if no Change in Control has occurred, (A) by a majority vote of the Disinterested Directors, even though less than a quorum of the Board, (B) by a committee of Disinterested Directors designated by a majority vote of the Disinterested Directors, even though less than a quorum of the Board, or (C) if there are no Disinterested Directors, or if the Disinterested Directors so direct, by Independent Counsel in a written opinion to the Board, a copy of which shall be delivered to Indemnitee, (ii) if a Change in Control has occurred, by Independent Counsel in a written opinion to the Board, a copy of which shall be delivered to Indemnitee or (iii) by vote of the stockholders, if so directed by the Board. The Company promptly will advise Indemnitee in writing with respect to any determination that Indemnitee is or is not entitled to indemnification, including a description of any reason or basis for which indemnification has been denied. If it is so determined that Indemnitee is entitled to indemnification, payment to Indemnitee shall be made within 30 days after such determination. Indemnitee shall reasonably cooperate with the person, persons or entity making such determination with respect to Indemnitee’s entitlement to indemnification, including providing to such person, persons or entity, upon reasonable advance request, any documentation or information which is not privileged or otherwise protected from disclosure and which is reasonably available to Indemnitee and reasonably necessary to such determination. Any costs or Expenses incurred by Indemnitee in so cooperating with the person, persons or entity making such determination shall be borne by the Company (irrespective of the determination as to Indemnitee’s entitlement to indemnification) and the Company hereby agrees to indemnify and to hold Indemnitee harmless therefrom.

(b) In the event the determination of entitlement to indemnification is to be made by Independent Counsel pursuant to Section 12(a)(i)(C) or Section 12(a)(ii) hereof, the Independent Counsel shall be selected as provided in this Section 12(b). The Independent Counsel shall be selected by Indemnitee (unless Indemnitee shall request that such selection be made by the Board), and Indemnitee shall give written notice to the Company advising it of the identity of the Independent Counsel so selected and certifying that the Independent Counsel so selected meets the requirements of “Independent Counsel” as defined in Section 2 of this Agreement. If the Independent Counsel is selected by the Board, the Company shall give written notice to Indemnitee advising Indemnitee of the identity of the Independent Counsel so

 

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selected and certifying that the Independent Counsel so selected meets the requirements of “Independent Counsel” as defined in Section 2 of this Agreement. In either event, Indemnitee or the Company, as the case may be, may, within 10 days after such written notice of selection shall have been received, deliver to the Company or to Indemnitee, as the case may be, a written objection to such selection; provided, however, that such objection may be asserted only on the ground that the Independent Counsel so selected does not meet the requirements of “Independent Counsel” as defined in Section 2 of this Agreement, and the objection shall set forth with particularity the factual basis of such assertion. Absent a proper and timely objection, the person so selected shall act as Independent Counsel. If such written objection is so made and substantiated, the Independent Counsel so selected may not serve as Independent Counsel unless and until such objection is withdrawn or a court of competent jurisdiction has determined that such objection is without merit. If, within 20 days after submission by Indemnitee of a written request for indemnification pursuant to Section 11(b) hereof, no Independent Counsel shall have been selected and not objected to, either the Company or Indemnitee may petition the Delaware Court for resolution of any objection which shall have been made by the Company or Indemnitee to the other’s selection of Independent Counsel and/or for the appointment as Independent Counsel of a person selected by the Delaware Court, and the person with respect to whom all objections are so resolved or the person so appointed shall act as Independent Counsel under Section 12(a) hereof. Upon the due commencement of any judicial proceeding or arbitration pursuant to Section 14(a) of this Agreement, Independent Counsel shall be discharged and relieved of any further responsibility in such capacity (subject to the applicable standards of professional conduct then prevailing).

(c) The Company agrees to pay the reasonable and documented fees and expenses of Independent Counsel and to fully indemnify and hold harmless such Independent Counsel against any and all Expenses and Liabilities arising out of or relating to this Agreement or its engagement pursuant hereto.

13. PRESUMPTIONS AND EFFECT OF CERTAIN PROCEEDINGS.

(a) In making a determination with respect to entitlement to indemnification hereunder, the person, persons or entity making such determination shall presume that Indemnitee is entitled to indemnification under this Agreement if Indemnitee has submitted a request for indemnification in accordance with Section 11(b) of this Agreement, and the Company shall have the burden of proof to overcome that presumption in connection with the making by any person, persons or entity of any determination contrary to that presumption. Neither the failure of the Company (including by the Disinterested Directors or Independent Counsel) to have made a determination prior to the commencement of any action pursuant to this Agreement that indemnification is proper in the circumstances because Indemnitee has met the applicable standard of conduct, nor an actual determination by the Company (including by the Disinterested Directors or Independent Counsel) that Indemnitee has not met such applicable standard of conduct, shall be a defense to the action or create a presumption that Indemnitee has not met the applicable standard of conduct.

(b) If the person, persons or entity empowered or selected under Section 12 of this Agreement to determine whether Indemnitee is entitled to indemnification shall not have made a determination within 30 days after receipt by the Company of the request therefor, the requisite determination of entitlement to indemnification shall, to the fullest extent permitted by law, be deemed to have been made and Indemnitee shall be entitled to such indemnification, absent (i) a misstatement by Indemnitee of a material fact, or an omission of a material fact necessary to make Indemnitee’s statement not materially misleading, in connection with the request for indemnification, or (ii) a final judicial

 

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determination that any or all such indemnification is expressly prohibited under applicable law; provided, however, that such 30-day period may be extended for a reasonable time, not to exceed an additional 15 days, if the person, persons or entity making the determination with respect to entitlement to indemnification in Good Faith requires such additional time for the obtaining or evaluating of documentation and/or information relating thereto; provided, further, that the foregoing provisions of this Section 13(b) shall not apply if the determination of entitlement to indemnification is to be made by the stockholders pursuant to Section 12(a)(iii) of this Agreement and if (A) within 15 days after receipt by the Company of the request for such determination, the Board or Disinterested Directors, as applicable, resolve to submit such determination to the stockholders for their consideration at an annual meeting thereof to be held within 75 days after such receipt and such determination is made thereat, or (B) a special meeting of the stockholders is called within 15 days after such receipt for the purpose of making such determination, such meeting is held for such purpose within 60 days after having been so called and such determination is made thereat.

(c) The termination of any Proceeding or of any claim, issue or matter therein, by judgment, order, settlement or conviction, or upon a plea of nolo contendere or its equivalent, shall not (except as otherwise expressly provided in this Agreement) of itself adversely affect the right of Indemnitee to indemnification or create a presumption that Indemnitee did not act in Good Faith and in a manner which Indemnitee reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the Company or, with respect to any criminal Proceeding, that Indemnitee had reasonable cause to believe that Indemnitee’s conduct was unlawful.

(d) For purposes of any determination of Good Faith, Indemnitee shall be deemed to have acted in Good Faith if Indemnitee’s action is based on the records or books of account of the Enterprise, including financial statements, or on information supplied to Indemnitee by any director, officer, trustee, general partner, manager or managing member of the Enterprise in the course of their duties, or on the advice of legal counsel for the Enterprise, its Board, any committee of the Board or any director, officer, trustee, general partner, manager or managing member of the Enterprise, or on information or records given or reports made to the Enterprise, its Board, any committee of the Board or any director, officer, trustee, general partner, manager or managing member of the Enterprise, by an independent certified public accountant or by an appraiser or other expert selected by the Enterprise, its Board, any committee of the Board or any director, officer, trustee, general partner, manager or managing member. The provisions of this Section 13(d) shall not be deemed to be exclusive or to limit in any way the other circumstances in which Indemnitee may be deemed or found to have met the applicable standard of conduct set forth in this Agreement. Anyone seeking to overcome this presumption shall have the burden of proof and the burden of persuasion by clear and convincing evidence.

(e) The knowledge and/or actions, or failure to act, of any other director, officer, trustee, partner, manager, managing member, fiduciary, agent or employee of the Enterprise shall not be imputed to Indemnitee for purposes of determining the right to indemnification under this Agreement.

14. REMEDIES OF INDEMNITEE.

(a) In the event that (i) a determination is made pursuant to Section 12 of this Agreement that Indemnitee is not entitled to indemnification under this Agreement, (ii) advancement of Expenses, to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, is not timely made pursuant to Section 10 of this Agreement, (iii) no determination of entitlement to indemnification shall have been made pursuant to

 

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Section 12(a) of this Agreement within 90 days after receipt by the Company of the request for indemnification, (iv) payment of indemnification is not made pursuant to Sections 5, 6, 7 or the last sentence of Section 12(a) of this Agreement within 30 days after receipt by the Company of a written request therefor, (v) a contribution payment is not made in a timely manner pursuant to Section 8 of this Agreement, (vi) payment of indemnification pursuant to Section 3 or 4 of this Agreement is not made within 30 days after a determination has been made that Indemnitee is entitled to indemnification, or (vii) payment to Indemnitee pursuant to any hold harmless or exoneration rights under this Agreement or otherwise is not made in accordance with this Agreement, Indemnitee shall be entitled to an adjudication by the Delaware Court to such indemnification, hold harmless, exoneration, contribution or advancement rights. Alternatively, Indemnitee, at Indemnitee’s option, may seek an award in arbitration to be conducted by a single arbitrator pursuant to the Commercial Arbitration Rules and Mediation Procedures of the American Arbitration Association. Except as set forth herein, the provisions of Delaware law (without regard to its conflict of laws rules) shall apply to any such arbitration. The Company shall not oppose Indemnitee’s right to seek any such adjudication or award in arbitration.

(b) In the event that a determination shall have been made pursuant to Section 12(a) of this Agreement that Indemnitee is not entitled to indemnification, any judicial proceeding or arbitration commenced pursuant to this Section 14 shall be conducted in all respects as a de novo trial, or arbitration, on the merits, and Indemnitee shall not be prejudiced by reason of that adverse determination.

(c) In any judicial proceeding or arbitration commenced pursuant to this Section 14, Indemnitee shall be presumed to be entitled to be indemnified, held harmless, exonerated and to receive advancement of Expenses under this Agreement and the Company shall have the burden of proving Indemnitee is not entitled to be indemnified, held harmless, exonerated and to receive advancement of Expenses, as the case may be, and the Company may not refer to or introduce into evidence any determination pursuant to Section 12(a) of this Agreement adverse to Indemnitee for any purpose. If Indemnitee commences a judicial proceeding or arbitration pursuant to this Section 14, Indemnitee shall not be required to reimburse the Company for any advances pursuant to Section 10 until a final determination is made with respect to Indemnitee’s entitlement to indemnification (as to which all rights of appeal have been exhausted or lapsed).

(d) If a determination shall have been made pursuant to Section 12(a) of this Agreement that Indemnitee is entitled to indemnification, the Company shall be bound by such determination in any judicial proceeding or arbitration commenced pursuant to this Section 14, absent (i) a misstatement by Indemnitee of a material fact, or an omission of a material fact necessary to make Indemnitee’s statement not materially misleading, in connection with the request for indemnification, or (ii) a prohibition of such indemnification under applicable law.

(e) The Company shall be precluded from asserting in any judicial proceeding or arbitration commenced pursuant to this Section 14 that the procedures and presumptions of this Agreement are not valid, binding and enforceable and shall stipulate in any such court or before any such arbitrator that the Company is bound by all the provisions of this Agreement.

(f) The Company shall indemnify and hold harmless Indemnitee to the fullest extent permitted by law against all Expenses and, if requested by Indemnitee, shall (within 30 days after the Company’s receipt of such written request) pay to Indemnitee, to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, such Expenses which are incurred by Indemnitee in connection with any judicial proceeding or

 

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arbitration brought by Indemnitee: (i) to enforce his or her rights under, or to recover damages for breach of, this Agreement or any other indemnification, hold harmless, exoneration, advancement or contribution agreement or provision of the Charter or the Bylaws now or hereafter in effect; or (ii) for recovery or advances under any insurance policy maintained by any person for the benefit of Indemnitee, regardless of the outcome and whether Indemnitee ultimately is determined to be entitled to such indemnification, hold harmless or exoneration right, advancement, contribution or insurance recovery, as the case may be (unless such judicial proceeding or arbitration was not brought by Indemnitee in Good Faith).

(g) Interest shall be paid by the Company to Indemnitee at the legal rate under Delaware law for amounts which the Company indemnifies, holds harmless or exonerates, or advances, or is obliged to indemnify, hold harmless or exonerate or advance for the period commencing with the date on which Indemnitee requests indemnification, to be held harmless, exonerated, contribution, reimbursement or advancement of any Expenses and ending with the date on which such payment is made to Indemnitee by the Company.

15. NON-EXCLUSIVITY; SURVIVAL OF RIGHTS; INSURANCE; SUBROGATION.

(a) The rights of Indemnitee to indemnification and to receive advancement of Expenses as provided by this Agreement shall not be deemed exclusive of any other rights to which Indemnitee may at any time be entitled under applicable law, the Charter, the Bylaws, any agreement, a vote of stockholders or a resolution of directors, or otherwise. No amendment, alteration or repeal of this Agreement or of any provision hereof shall limit or restrict any right of Indemnitee under this Agreement in respect of any Proceeding (regardless of when such Proceeding is first threatened, commenced or completed) or claim, issue or matter therein arising out of, or related to, any action taken or omitted by such Indemnitee in Indemnitee’s Corporate Status prior to such amendment, alteration or repeal. To the extent that a change in applicable law, whether by statute or judicial decision, permits greater indemnification, hold harmless or exoneration rights or advancement of Expenses than would be afforded currently under the Charter, the Bylaws or this Agreement, it is the intent of the parties hereto that Indemnitee shall enjoy by this Agreement the greater benefits so afforded by such change. No right or remedy herein conferred is intended to be exclusive of any other right or remedy, and every other right and remedy shall be cumulative and in addition to every other right and remedy given hereunder or now or hereafter existing at law or in equity or otherwise. The assertion or employment of any right or remedy hereunder, or otherwise, shall not prevent the concurrent assertion or employment of any other right or remedy.

(b) The DGCL and the Bylaws permit the Company to purchase and maintain insurance or furnish similar protection or make other arrangements, including, but not limited to, providing a trust fund, letter of credit, or surety bond (“Indemnification Arrangements”) on behalf of Indemnitee against any liability asserted against Indemnitee or incurred by or on behalf of Indemnitee or in such capacity as a director, officer, key employee, employee benefit plan, advisor or agent of the Company, or arising out of Indemnitee’s status as such, whether or not the Company would have the power to indemnify Indemnitee against such liability under the provisions of this Agreement or under the DGCL, as it may then be in effect. The purchase, establishment and maintenance of any such Indemnification Arrangement shall not in any way limit or affect the rights and obligations of the Company or of Indemnitee under this Agreement except as expressly provided herein, and the execution and delivery of this Agreement by the Company and Indemnitee shall not in any way limit or affect the rights and obligations of the Company or the other party or parties thereto under any such Indemnification Arrangement.

 

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(c) To the extent that the Company maintains an insurance policy or policies providing liability insurance for directors, officers, trustees, partners, managers, managing members, fiduciaries, employees or agents of the Company or of any other Enterprise which such person serves at the request of the Company, Indemnitee shall be covered by such policy or policies in accordance with its or their terms to the maximum extent of the coverage available for any such director, officer, trustee, partner, managers, managing member, fiduciary, employee or agent under such policy or policies. If, at the time the Company receives written notice from any source of a Proceeding as to which Indemnitee is a party or a participant (as a witness, deponent or otherwise) and the Company has director and officer liability insurance in effect, the Company shall give prompt notice of such Proceeding to the insurers in accordance with the procedures set forth in the respective policies. The Company shall thereafter use reasonable best efforts to cause such insurers to pay, on behalf of Indemnitee, all amounts payable as a result of such Proceeding in accordance with the terms of such policies.

(d) In the event of any payment under this Agreement, the Company, to the fullest extent permitted by law, shall be subrogated to the extent of such payment to all of the rights of recovery of Indemnitee, who shall execute all papers required and take all action necessary to secure such rights, including execution of such documents as are necessary to enable the Company to bring suit to enforce such rights.

(e) The Company’s obligation to indemnify, hold harmless, exonerate or advance Expenses hereunder to Indemnitee who is or was serving at the request of the Company as a director, officer, trustee, partner, manager, managing member, fiduciary, employee, employee benefit plan or agent of any other Enterprise shall be reduced by any amount Indemnitee has actually received as indemnification, hold harmless or exoneration payments or advancement of expenses from such Enterprise. Notwithstanding any other provision of this Agreement to the contrary, (i) Indemnitee shall have no obligation to reduce, offset, allocate, pursue or apportion any indemnification, hold harmless, exoneration, advancement, contribution or insurance coverage among multiple parties possessing such duties to Indemnitee prior to the Company’s satisfaction and performance of all its obligations under this Agreement, and (ii) the Company shall perform fully its obligations under this Agreement without regard to whether Indemnitee holds, may pursue or has pursued any indemnification, advancement, hold harmless, exoneration, contribution or insurance coverage rights against any person or entity other than the Company.

16. DURATION OF AGREEMENT. All agreements and obligations of the Company contained herein shall continue and terminate upon the later of (a) six (6) years after the date that Indemnitee shall have ceased to serve as a director or officer of the Company or as a director, officer, trustee, partner, manager, managing member, fiduciary, employee or agent of any other corporation, partnership joint venture, trust, employee benefit plan or other Enterprise which Indemnitee serves at the request of the Company and (b) the date that Indemnitee is no longer subject to any actual or possible Proceeding (including any rights of appeal thereto and any Proceeding commenced by Indemnitee pursuant to Section 14 of this Agreement) by reason of Indemnitee’s Corporate Status, whether or not Indemnitee is acting in any such capacity at the time any liability or expense is incurred for which indemnification or advancement can be provided under this Agreement. Termination of this Agreement shall not adversely affect any right or protection hereunder of Indemnitee in respect of any Proceeding (regardless of when such Proceeding is first threatened, commenced or completed) arising out of, or related to, any act or omission occurring prior to the time of such termination.

 

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17. SEVERABILITY. If any provision or provisions of this Agreement shall be held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable for any reason whatsoever: (a) the validity, legality and enforceability of the remaining provisions of this Agreement (including, without limitation, each portion of any Section, paragraph or sentence of this Agreement containing any such provision held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable, that is not itself invalid, illegal or unenforceable) shall not in any way be affected or impaired thereby and shall remain enforceable to the fullest extent permitted by law; (b) such provision or provisions shall be deemed reformed to the extent necessary to conform to applicable law and to give the maximum effect to the intent of the parties hereto; and (c) to the fullest extent possible, the provisions of this Agreement (including, without limitation, each portion of any Section, paragraph or sentence of this Agreement containing any such provision held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable, that is not itself invalid, illegal or unenforceable) shall be construed so as to give effect to the intent manifested thereby.

18. ENFORCEMENT AND BINDING EFFECT.

(a) The Company expressly confirms and agrees that it has entered into this Agreement and assumed the obligations imposed on it hereby in order to induce Indemnitee to serve as a director, officer or key employee of the Company, and the Company acknowledges that Indemnitee is relying upon this Agreement in serving as a director, officer or key employee of the Company.

(b) Without limiting any of the rights of Indemnitee under the Charter or the Bylaws as they may be amended from time to time, this Agreement constitutes the entire agreement between the parties hereto with respect to the subject matter hereof and supersedes all prior agreements and understandings, oral, written and implied, between the parties hereto with respect to the subject matter hereof.

(c) The indemnification, hold harmless, exoneration and advancement of expenses rights provided by or granted pursuant to this Agreement shall be binding upon and be enforceable by the parties hereto and their respective successors and assigns (including any direct or indirect successor by purchase, merger, consolidation or otherwise to all or substantially all of the business and/or assets of the Company), shall continue as to an Indemnitee who has ceased to be a director, officer, employee or agent of the Company or a director, officer, trustee, general partner, manager, managing member, fiduciary, employee or agent of any other Enterprise at the Company’s request, and shall inure to the benefit of Indemnitee and Indemnitee’s spouse, assigns, heirs, devisees, executors and administrators and other legal representatives.

(d) The Company shall require and cause any successor (whether direct or indirect by purchase, merger, consolidation or otherwise) to all, substantially all or a substantial part, of the business and/or assets of the Company, by written agreement in form and substance satisfactory to Indemnitee, expressly to assume and agree to perform this Agreement in the same manner and to the same extent that the Company would be required to perform if no such succession had taken place.

(e) The Company and Indemnitee agree herein that a monetary remedy for breach of this Agreement, at some later date, may be inadequate, impracticable and difficult of proof, and further agree that such breach may cause Indemnitee irreparable harm. Accordingly, the parties hereto agree that Indemnitee may, to the fullest extent permitted by law, enforce this Agreement by seeking, among other things, injunctive relief and/or specific performance hereof, without any necessity of showing actual damage or irreparable harm and that by seeking injunctive relief and/or specific performance, Indemnitee

 

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shall not be precluded from seeking or obtaining any other relief to which Indemnitee may be entitled. The Company and Indemnitee further agree that Indemnitee shall, to the fullest extent permitted by law, be entitled to such specific performance and injunctive relief, including temporary restraining orders, preliminary injunctions and permanent injunctions, without the necessity of posting bonds or other undertaking in connection therewith. The Company acknowledges that in the absence of a waiver, a bond or undertaking may be required of Indemnitee by a court of competent jurisdiction. The Company hereby waives any such requirement of such a bond or undertaking to the fullest extent permitted by law.

19. MODIFICATION AND WAIVER. No supplement, modification or amendment of this Agreement shall be binding unless executed in writing by the Company and Indemnitee. No waiver of any of the provisions of this Agreement shall be deemed or shall constitute a waiver of any other provisions of this Agreement nor shall any waiver constitute a continuing waiver.

20. NOTICES. All notices, requests, demands and other communications under this Agreement shall be in writing or by electronic transmission and shall be deemed to have been duly given (i) if delivered by hand and receipted for by the party to whom said notice or other communication shall have been directed, (ii) if mailed by certified or registered mail with postage prepaid, on the third business day after the date on which it is so mailed or (iii) if given by electronic mail, upon transmission of the message to the electronic mail address given to such person by the Company or the Indemnitee, as applicable:

(a) If to Indemnitee, at the address indicated on the signature page of this Agreement, or such other address as Indemnitee shall provide in writing or by electronic transmission to the Company.

(b) If to the Company, to:

Bitcoin Depot, Inc.

2870 Peachtree Rd. #327

Atlanta, GA 30305

Attention: Brandon Mintz, Chief Executive Officer

Email: brandon@bitcoindepot.com

or to any other address as may have been furnished to Indemnitee in writing or by electronic transmission by the Company.

21. APPLICABLE LAW AND CONSENT TO JURISDICTION. This Agreement and the legal relations among the parties hereto shall be governed by, and construed and enforced in accordance with, the laws of the State of Delaware, without regard to its conflict of laws rules. Except with respect to any arbitration commenced by Indemnitee pursuant to Section 14(a) of this Agreement, to the fullest extent permitted by law, the Company and Indemnitee hereby irrevocably and unconditionally: (a) agree that any action or proceeding arising out of or in connection with this Agreement shall be brought only in the Delaware Court and not in any other state or federal court in the United States of America or any court in any other country; (b) consent to submit to the exclusive jurisdiction of the Delaware Court for purposes of any action or proceeding arising out of or in connection with this Agreement; (c) waive any objection to the laying of venue of any such action or proceeding in the Delaware Court; and (d) waive, and agree not to plead or to make, any claim that any such action or proceeding brought in the Delaware Court has been brought in an improper or inconvenient forum, or is subject (in whole or in part) to a jury trial. To the fullest extent permitted by law, the parties hereto hereby agree that the mailing of process and other papers in connection with any such action or proceeding in the manner provided by Section 22 or in such other manner as may be permitted by law, shall be valid and sufficient service thereof.

 

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22. IDENTICAL COUNTERPARTS. This Agreement may be executed in two or more counterparts (delivery of which may be via e-mail as a portable document format (.pdf) or other electronic format), each of which shall for all purposes be deemed to be an original but all of which together shall constitute one and the same Agreement. Only one such counterpart signed by the party against whom enforceability is sought needs to be produced to evidence the existence of this Agreement.

23. MISCELLANEOUS. Use of the masculine pronoun shall be deemed to include usage of the feminine pronoun where appropriate. The headings of the Sections and paragraphs of this Agreement are inserted for convenience only and shall not be deemed to constitute part of this Agreement or to affect the construction thereof.

24. PERIOD OF LIMITATIONS. No legal action shall be brought and no cause of action shall be asserted by or in the right of the Company against Indemnitee, Indemnitee’s spouse, heirs, executors or personal or legal representatives after the expiration of two years from the date of accrual of such cause of action, and any claim or cause of action of the Company shall be extinguished and deemed released unless asserted by the timely filing of a legal action within such two-year period; provided, however, that if any shorter period of limitations is otherwise applicable to any such cause of action such shorter period shall govern.

25. ADDITIONAL ACTS. If for the validation of any of the provisions in this Agreement any act, resolution, approval or other procedure is required to the fullest extent permitted by law, the Company undertakes to cause such act, resolution, approval or other procedure to be affected or adopted in a manner that will enable the Company to fulfill its obligations under this Agreement.

26. MAINTENANCE OF INSURANCE. The Company shall use commercially reasonable efforts to obtain and maintain in effect during the entire period for which the Company is obligated to indemnify the Indemnitee under this Agreement, one or more policies of insurance with reputable insurance companies to provide the officers and directors of the Company with coverage for losses from wrongful acts and omissions and to ensure the Company’s performance of its indemnification obligations under this Agreement. Indemnitee shall be covered by such policy or policies in accordance with its or their terms to the maximum extent of the coverage available for any such director or officer under such policy or policies. In all such insurance policies, the Indemnitee shall be named as an insured in such a manner as to provide the Indemnitee with the same rights and benefits as are accorded to the most favorably insured of the Company’s directors and officers.

[Signature Page Follows]

 

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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Indemnification Agreement to be signed as of the day and year first above written.

 

BITCOIN DEPOT INC.

 

Name:   Brandon Mintz
Title:   President and Chief Executive Officer

Signature Page to Indemnification Agreement


INDEMNITEE

 

Name:
Title:

Signature Page to Indemnification Agreement

Exhibit 10.8

FORM OF BITCOIN DEPOT INC. 2023 OMNIBUS INCENTIVE PLAN

BITCOIN DEPOT INC.

 

 

2023 OMNIBUS INCENTIVE PLAN

 

 

ARTICLE I

PURPOSE

The purpose of this Bitcoin Depot Inc. 2023 Omnibus Incentive Plan (this “Plan”) is to promote the success of the Company’s business for the benefit of its stockholders by enabling the Company to offer Eligible Individuals cash and stock-based incentives in order to attract, retain, and reward such individuals and strengthen the mutuality of interests between such individuals and the Company’s stockholders. This Plan is effective as of the date set forth in Article XV.

ARTICLE II

DEFINITIONS

For purposes of this Plan, the following terms shall have the following meanings:

2.1    Affiliate means a corporation or other entity controlled by, controlling, or under common control with the Company. The term “control” (including, with correlative meaning, the terms “controlled by” and “under common control with”), as applied to any Person, means the possession, directly or indirectly, of the power to direct or cause the direction of management and policies of such Person, whether through the ownership of voting or other securities, by contract or otherwise.

2.2    Applicable Lawmeans the requirements relating to the administration of equity-based awards and the related shares under U.S. state corporate law, U.S. federal and state securities laws, the rules of any stock exchange or quotation system on which the shares are listed or quoted, and any other applicable laws, including tax laws, of any U.S. or non-U.S. jurisdictions where Awards are, or will be, granted under this Plan.

2.3    Award means any award under this Plan of any Stock Option, Stock Appreciation Right, Restricted Stock, Restricted Stock Units, Performance Award, Other Stock-Based Award, or Cash Award. All Awards shall be evidenced by and subject to the terms of an Award Agreement.

2.4    Award Agreement means the written or electronic agreement, contract, certificate, or other instrument or document evidencing the terms and conditions of an individual Award. Each Award Agreement shall be subject to the terms and conditions of this Plan.

2.5    Board means the Board of Directors of the Company.

2.6    Cash Award means an Award granted to an Eligible Individual pursuant to Section 10.3 of this Plan and payable in cash at such time or times and subject to such terms and conditions as determined by the Committee in its sole discretion.

 

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2.7    Cause means, unless otherwise determined by the Committee in the applicable Award Agreement, with respect to a Participant’s Termination of Service, the following: (a) in the case where there is no employment agreement, offer letter, consulting agreement, change in control agreement, or similar agreement in effect between the Company or an Affiliate and the Participant at the time of the grant of the Award (or where there is such agreement in effect but it does not define “cause” (or words of like import)), the Participant’s (i) commission of, or plea of guilty or no contest to, a felony or a crime involving moral turpitude or the commission of any other act involving willful malfeasance or material fiduciary breach with respect to the Company or an Affiliate; (ii) substantial and repeated failure to perform duties as reasonably directed by the person to whom the Participant reports; (iii) conduct that brings or is reasonably likely to bring the Company or an Affiliate negative publicity or into public disgrace, embarrassment, or disrepute; (iv) gross negligence or willful misconduct with respect to the Company or an Affiliate; (v) material violation of the Company’s policies or codes of conduct, including policies related to discrimination, harassment, performance of illegal or unethical activities, or ethical misconduct; or (vi) any breach of any non-competition, non-solicitation, no-hire, or confidentiality covenant between the Participant and the Company or an Affiliate; or (b) in the case where there is an employment agreement, offer letter, consulting agreement, change in control agreement, or similar agreement in effect between the Company or an Affiliate and the Participant at the time of the grant of the Award that defines “cause” (or words of like import), “cause” as defined under such agreement; provided, however, that with regard to any agreement under which the definition of “cause” only applies on occurrence of a change in control, such definition of “cause” shall not apply until a change in control (as defined in such agreement) actually takes place and then only with regard to a termination thereafter.

2.8    Change in Control means and includes each of the following, unless otherwise determined by the Committee in the applicable Award Agreement or other written agreement with a Participant approved by the Committee:

(a)    any Person (other than the Company, any trustee or other fiduciary holding securities under any employee benefit plan of the Company, or any company owned, directly or indirectly, by the stockholders of the Company in substantially the same proportions as their ownership of the Company), becoming the beneficial owner (as defined in Rule 13d-3 under the Exchange Act), directly or indirectly, of securities of the Company representing 50% or more of the combined voting power of the Company’s then outstanding securities, excluding for purposes herein, acquisitions pursuant to a Business Combination (as defined below) that does not constitute a Change in Control as defined in Section 2.8(b);

(b)    a merger, reorganization, or consolidation of the Company or in which equity securities of the Company are issued (each, a “Business Combination”), other than a merger, reorganization or consolidation which would result in the voting securities of the Company outstanding immediately prior thereto continuing to represent (either by remaining outstanding or by being converted into voting securities of the surviving entity or its direct or indirect parent) more than 50% of the combined voting power of the voting securities of the Company or such surviving entity (or, as applicable, a direct or indirect parent of the Company or such surviving entity) outstanding immediately after such merger, reorganization or consolidation; provided, however, that a merger, reorganization or consolidation effected to implement a recapitalization of the Company (or similar transaction) in which no Person (other than those covered by the exceptions in Section 2.8(a)) acquires more than 50% of the combined voting power of the Company’s then outstanding securities shall not constitute a Change in Control;

(c)    during the period of two (2) consecutive years, individuals who, at the beginning of such period, constitute the Board together with any new director(s) (other than a director (i) designated by a Person who has entered into an agreement with the Company to effect a transaction described in Sections 2.8(a) or (b) or (ii) whose initial assumption of office is in connection with an actual or threatened election contest, including, but not limited to, a consent or proxy solicitation, relating to the election of directors of the Company by or on behalf of a person other than the Board) whose election by the Board or nomination for election by the Company’s stockholders was approved by a vote of at least two-thirds of the directors then still in office who either were

 

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directors at the beginning of the two (2) year period or whose election or nomination for election was previously so approved, cease for any reason to constitute a majority thereof; or

(d)    a complete liquidation or dissolution of the Company or the consummation of a sale or disposition by the Company of all or substantially all of the Company’s assets other than the sale or disposition of all or substantially all of the assets of the Company to a Person or Persons who beneficially own, directly or indirectly, 50% or more of the combined voting power of the outstanding voting securities of the Company at the time of the sale.

For purposes of this Section 2.8, acquisitions of securities of the Company by BT Assets, Inc. or Brandon Mintz, any of their respective affiliates, or any investment vehicle or fund controlled by or managed by, or otherwise affiliated with BT Assets, Inc. or Brandon Mintz shall not constitute a Change in Control if such acquisition occurs prior to the date on which BT Assets, Inc. and Brandon Mintz no longer own, directly or indirectly, securities of the Company representing 20% or more of the combined voting power of the Company’s then outstanding securities. Notwithstanding the foregoing, with respect to any Award that is characterized as “nonqualified deferred compensation” within the meaning of Section 409A of the Code, an event shall not be considered to be a Change in Control under this Plan for purposes of payment of such Award unless such event is also a “change in ownership,” a “change in effective control,” or a “change in the ownership of a substantial portion of the assets” of the Company within the meaning of Section 409A of the Code.

2.9    Change in Control Price means the highest price per Share paid in any transaction related to a Change in Control as determined by the Committee in its discretion.

2.10    Codemeans the U.S. Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended from time to time. Any reference to any section of the Code shall also be a reference to any successor provision and any guidance and treasury regulation promulgated thereunder.

2.11    Committee means any committee of the Board duly authorized by the Board to administer this Plan; provided, however, that unless otherwise determined by the Board, the Committee shall consist solely of two or more members of the Board who are each (a) a “non-employee director” within the meaning of Rule 16b-3(b), and (b) “independent” under the listing standards or rules of the securities exchange upon which the Common Stock is traded, but only to the extent such independence is required in order to take the action at issue pursuant to such standards or rules. If no committee is duly authorized by the Board to administer this Plan, the term “Committee” shall be deemed to refer to the Board for all purposes under this Plan. The Board may abolish any Committee or re-vest in itself any previously delegated authority from time to time, and will retain the right to exercise the authority of the Committee to the extent consistent with Applicable Law.

2.12    Common Stock means the Class A common stock, par value $0.0001 per share, of the Company.

2.13    Company means Bitcoin Depot Inc., a Delaware corporation, and its successors by operation of law.

2.14    Consultant means any natural person who is an advisor or consultant to the Company or any of its Affiliates.

2.15    Detrimental Conduct means, as determined by the Company, a Participant’s serious misconduct or unethical behavior, including any of the following: (a) any violation by the Participant of a restrictive covenant agreement that the Participant has entered into with the Company or an Affiliate (covering, for example, confidentiality, non-competition, non-solicitation, non-disparagement, etc.); (b) any conduct by the Participant that could result in the Participant’s Termination of Service for Cause; (c) the commission of a criminal act by the Participant, whether or not performed in the workplace, that subjects, or if generally known would subject, the Company or an Affiliate to public ridicule or embarrassment, or other improper or intentional conduct by the

 

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Participant causing reputational harm to the Company, an Affiliate, or a client or former client of the Company or an Affiliate; (d) the Participant’s breach of a fiduciary duty owed to the Company or an Affiliate or a client or former client of the Company or an Affiliate; (e) the Participant’s intentional violation, or grossly negligent disregard, of the Company’s or an Affiliate’s policies, rules, or procedures; or (f) the Participant taking or maintaining trading positions that result in a need to restate financial results in a subsequent reporting period or that result in a significant financial loss to the Company or an Affiliate.

2.16    Disability means, unless otherwise determined by the Committee in the applicable Award Agreement, with respect to a Participant’s Termination of Service, that the Participant is unable to engage in any substantial gainful activity by reason of any medically determinable physical or mental impairment, provided, however, for purposes of an Incentive Stock Option, the term Disability shall have the meaning ascribed to it under Section 22(e)(3) of the Code. The determination of whether an individual has a Disability shall be determined by the Committee, and the Committee may rely on any determination that a Participant is disabled for purposes of benefits under any long-term disability plan in which a Participant participates that is maintained by the Company or any Affiliate.

2.17    Dividend Equivalent Rights means a right granted to a Participant under this Plan to receive the equivalent value (in cash or Shares) of dividends paid on Shares.

2.18    Effective Date means the effective date of this Plan as defined in Article XV.

2.19    Eligible Employee means each employee of the Company or any of its Affiliates. An employee on a leave of absence may be an Eligible Employee.

2.20    Eligible Individual means an Eligible Employee, Non-Employee Director, or Consultant who is designated by the Committee in its discretion as eligible to receive Awards subject to the terms and conditions set forth herein.

2.21    Exchange Act means the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended from time to time. Reference to a specific section of the Exchange Act or regulation thereunder shall include such section or regulation, any valid regulation or interpretation promulgated under such section, and any comparable provision of any future legislation or regulation amending, supplementing, or superseding such section or regulation.

2.22    Fair Market Value means, for purposes of this Plan, unless otherwise required by any applicable provision of the Code or any regulations issued thereunder, as of any date and except as provided below, the last sales price reported for the Common Stock on the applicable date: (a) as reported on the principal national securities exchange in the United States on which it is then traded, listed or otherwise reported or quoted or (b) if the Common Stock is not traded, listed, or otherwise reported or quoted, the Committee shall determine in good faith the Fair Market Value in whatever manner it considers appropriate, taking into account the requirements of Section 409A of the Code. For purposes of the grant of any Award, the applicable date shall be the trading day immediately prior to the date on which the Award is granted. For purposes of the exercise of any Award, the applicable date shall be the date a notice of exercise is received by the Committee or, if not a date on which the applicable market is open, the next day that it is open.

2.23    Family Member means “family member” as defined in Section A.1.(a)(5) of the general instructions of Form S-8.

2.24    Incentive Stock Option means any Stock Option granted to an Eligible Employee who is an employee of the Company, its Parents or its Subsidiaries under this Plan and that is intended to be, and is designated as, an “Incentive Stock Option” within the meaning of Section 422 of the Code.

2.25    Non-Employee Director means a director on the Board who is not an employee of the Company.

 

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2.26    Non-Qualified Stock Option means any Stock Option granted under this Plan that is not an Incentive Stock Option.

2.27    Other Stock-Based Award means an Award granted under Article X of this Plan that is valued in whole or in part by reference to, or is payable in or otherwise based on, Shares, but may be settled in the form of Shares or cash.

2.28    Parent means any parent corporation of the Company within the meaning of Section 424(e) of the Code.

2.29    Participantmeans an Eligible Individual to whom an Award has been granted pursuant to this Plan.

2.30    Performance Award means an Award granted under Article VIII of this Plan contingent upon achieving certain Performance Goals.

2.31    Performance Goals means goals established by the Committee as contingencies for Awards to vest and/or become exercisable or distributable.

2.32    Performance Period means the designated period during which the Performance Goals must be satisfied with respect to the Award to which the Performance Goals relate.

2.33    Person means any “person” as such term is used in Sections 13(d) and 14(d) of the Exchange Act.

2.34    Restricted Stock means an Award of Shares granted under Article VII of this Plan.

2.35    Restricted Stock Unit” means an unfunded, unsecured right to receive, on the applicable settlement date, one Share or an amount in cash or other consideration determined by the Committee to be of equal value as of such settlement date, subject to certain vesting conditions and other restrictions.

2.36    Rule 16b-3 means Rule 16b-3 under Section 16(b) of the Exchange Act as then in effect or any successor provision.

2.37    Section 409A of the Code means the nonqualified deferred compensation rules under Section 409A of the Code and any applicable treasury regulations and other official guidance thereunder.

2.38    Securities Act means the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and all rules and regulations promulgated thereunder. Reference to a specific section of the Securities Act or regulation thereunder shall include such section or regulation, any valid regulation or interpretation promulgated under such section, and any comparable provision of any future legislation or regulation amending, supplementing, or superseding such section or regulation.

2.39    Shares means shares of Common Stock.

2.40    Stock Appreciation Right means a stock appreciation right granted under Article VI of this Plan.

2.41    Stock Option or Option means any option to purchase Shares granted pursuant to Article VI of this Plan.

2.42    Subsidiary means any subsidiary corporation of the Company within the meaning of Section 424(f) of the Code.

 

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2.43    Ten Percent Stockholdermeans a Person owning stock representing more than ten percent (10%) of the total combined voting power of all classes of stock of the Company its Parent or its Subsidiaries.

2.44    Termination of Servicemeans the termination of the applicable Participant’s employment with, or performance of services for, the Company and its Affiliates. Unless otherwise determined by the Committee, (a) if a Participant’s employment or services with the Company and its Affiliates terminates but such Participant continues to provide services to the Company and its Affiliates in a non-employee capacity, such change in status shall not be deemed a Termination of Service with the Company and its Affiliates and (b) a Participant employed by, or performing services for an Affiliate that ceases to be an Affiliate shall also be deemed to have incurred a Termination of Service provided the Participant does not immediately thereafter become an employee of the Company or another Affiliate. Notwithstanding the foregoing provisions of this definition, with respect to any Award that constitutes a “nonqualified deferred compensation” within the meaning of Section 409A of the Code, a Participant shall not be considered to have experienced a “Termination of Service” unless the Participant has experienced a “separation from service” within the meaning of Section 409A of the Code.

ARTICLE III

ADMINISTRATION

3.1    Authority of the Committee. This Plan shall be administered by the Committee. Subject to the terms of this Plan and Applicable Law, the Committee shall have full authority to grant Awards to Eligible Individuals under this Plan. In particular, the Committee shall have the authority to:

(a)    determine whether and to what extent Awards, or any combination thereof, are to be granted hereunder to one or more Eligible Individuals;

(b)    determine the number of Shares to be covered by each Award granted hereunder;

(c)    determine the terms and conditions, not inconsistent with the terms of this Plan, of any Award granted hereunder (including, but not limited to, the exercise or purchase price (if any), any restriction or limitation, any vesting schedule or acceleration thereof, or any forfeiture restrictions or waiver thereof, regarding any Award and the Shares, if any, relating thereto, based on such factors, if any, as the Committee shall determine, in its sole discretion);

(d)    determine the amount of cash to be covered by each Award granted hereunder;

(e)    determine whether, to what extent, and under what circumstances grants of Options and other Awards under this Plan are to operate on a tandem basis and/or in conjunction with or apart from other awards made by the Company outside of this Plan;

(f)    determine whether and under what circumstances an Award may be settled in cash, Shares, other property, or a combination of the foregoing;

(g)    determine whether, to what extent and under what circumstances cash, Shares, or other property and other amounts payable with respect to an Award under this Plan shall be deferred either automatically or at the election of the Participant;

(h)    modify, waive, amend, or adjust the terms and conditions of any Award, at any time or from time to time, including but not limited to Performance Goals;

(i)    determine whether a Stock Option is an Incentive Stock Option or Non-Qualified Stock Option;

 

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(j)    determine whether to require a Participant, as a condition of the granting of any Award, to not sell or otherwise dispose of Shares acquired pursuant to the exercise or vesting of an Award for a period of time as determined by the Committee, in its sole discretion, following the date of the acquisition of such Award or Shares; and

(k)    modify, extend, or renew an Award, subject to Article XII and Section 6.8(g) of this Plan.

3.2    Guidelines. Subject to Article XII of this Plan, the Committee shall have the authority to adopt, alter, and repeal such administrative rules, guidelines, and practices governing this Plan and perform all acts, including the delegation of its responsibilities (to the extent permitted by Applicable Law and applicable stock exchange rules), as it shall, from time to time, deem advisable; to construe and interpret the terms and provisions of this Plan and any Award issued under this Plan (and any agreements or sub-plans relating thereto); and to otherwise supervise the administration of this Plan. The Committee may correct any defect, supply any omission, or reconcile any inconsistency in this Plan or in any agreement relating thereto in the manner and to the extent it shall deem necessary to effectuate the purpose and intent of this Plan. The Committee may adopt special rules, sub-plans, guidelines, and provisions for persons who are residing in or employed in, or subject to, the taxes of any domestic or foreign jurisdictions to satisfy or accommodate applicable foreign laws or to qualify for preferred tax treatment of such domestic or foreign jurisdictions.

3.3    Decisions Final. Any decision, interpretation, or other action made or taken in good faith by or at the direction of the Company, the Board, or the Committee (or any of its members) arising out of or in connection with this Plan shall be within the absolute discretion of all and each of them, as the case may be, and shall be final, binding, and conclusive on the Company and all employees and Participants and their respective heirs, executors, administrators, successors, and assigns.

3.4    Designation of Consultants/Liability; Delegation of Authority.

(a)    The Committee may employ such legal counsel, consultants, and agents as it may deem desirable for the administration of this Plan and may rely upon any opinion received from any such counsel or consultant and any computation received from any such consultant or agent. Expenses incurred by the Committee or the Board in the engagement of any such counsel, consultant, or agent shall be paid by the Company. The Committee, its members, and any person designated pursuant to sub-section (a) above shall not be liable for any action or determination made in good faith with respect to this Plan. To the maximum extent permitted by Applicable Law, no officer of the Company or member or former member of the Committee or of the Board shall be liable for any action or determination made in good faith with respect to this Plan or any Award granted under it.

(b)    The Committee may delegate any or all of its powers and duties under this Plan to a subcommittee of directors or to any officer of the Company, including the power to perform administrative functions and grant Awards; provided, that such delegation does not (i) violate Applicable Law, or (ii) result in the loss of an exemption under Rule 16b-3(d)(1) for Awards granted to Participants subject to Section 16 of the Exchange Act in respect of the Company. Upon any such delegation, all references in this Plan to the “Committee,” shall be deemed to include any subcommittee or officer of the Company to whom such powers have been delegated by the Committee. Any such delegation shall not limit the right of such subcommittee members or such an officer to receive Awards; provided, however, that such subcommittee members and any such officer may not grant Awards to himself or herself, a member of the Board, or any executive officer of the Company or an Affiliate, or take any action with respect to any Award previously granted to himself or herself, a member of the Board, or any executive officer of the Company or an Affiliate. The Committee may also appoint employees or professional advisors who are not executive officers of the Company or members of the Board to assist in administering this Plan, provided, however, that such individuals may not be delegated the authority to grant or modify any Awards that will, or may, be settled in Shares.

 

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3.5    Indemnification. To the maximum extent permitted by Applicable Law and to the extent not covered by insurance directly insuring such person, each current and former officer or employee of the Company or any of its Affiliates and member or former member of the Committee or the Board shall be indemnified and held harmless by the Company against any cost or expense (including reasonable fees of counsel acceptable to the Committee) or liability (including any sum paid in settlement of a claim with the approval of the Committee), and advanced amounts necessary to pay the foregoing at the earliest time and to the fullest extent permitted, arising out of any act or omission to act in connection with the administration of this Plan, except to the extent arising out of such officer’s, employee’s, member’s, or former member’s own fraud or bad faith. Such indemnification shall be in addition to any right of indemnification that the current or former employee, officer or member may have under Applicable Law or under the by-laws of the Company or any of its Affiliates. Notwithstanding anything else herein, this indemnification will not apply to the actions or determinations made by an individual with regard to Awards granted to such individual under this Plan.

ARTICLE IV

SHARE LIMITATION

4.1    Shares. The aggregate number of Shares that may be issued or used for reference purposes or with respect to which Awards may be granted under this Plan shall not exceed 6,029,445 Shares (subject to any increase or decrease pursuant to this Article IV), which may be either authorized and unissued Shares or Shares held in or acquired for the treasury of the Company or both. The number of Shares that may be issued or used for reference purposes or with respect to which Awards may be granted under this Plan shall be subject to an annual increase on January 1 of each calendar year beginning in 2023, and ending and including 2032, equal to the lesser of (a) four percent (4%) of the aggregate number of shares of all classes of the Company’s common stock outstanding on December 31 of the immediately preceding calendar year and (b) such smaller number of Shares as is determined by the Board. The aggregate number of Shares that may be issued or used with respect to any Incentive Stock Option shall not exceed 6,029,445 Shares (subject to any increase or decrease pursuant to Section 4.1). Any Award under this Plan settled in cash shall not be counted against the foregoing maximum share limitations. Any Shares subject to an Award that expires or is canceled, forfeited, or terminated without issuance of the full number of Shares to which the Award related will again be available for issuance under this Plan. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained herein, Shares subject to an Award under this Plan shall again be made available for issuance or delivery under this Plan if such Shares are (i) Shares tendered in payment of an Option, (ii) Shares delivered or withheld by the Company to satisfy any tax withholding obligation, (iii) Shares covered by a stock-settled Stock Appreciation Right or other Awards that were not issued upon the settlement of the Award, or (iv) Shares subject to an Award that expires or is canceled, forfeited, or terminated without issuance of the full number of Shares to which the Award related.

4.2    Substitute Awards. In connection with an entity’s merger or consolidation with the Company or the Company’s acquisition of an entity’s property or stock, the Committee may grant Awards in substitution for any options or other stock or stock-based awards granted before such merger or consolidation by such entity or its affiliate (“Substitute Awards”). Substitute Awards may be granted on such terms as the Committee deems appropriate, notwithstanding limitations on Awards in this Plan. Substitute Awards will not count against the Shares authorized for grant under this Plan (nor shall Shares subject to a Substitute Award be added to the Shares available for Awards under this Plan as provided under Section 4.1 above), except that Shares acquired by exercise of substitute Incentive Stock Options will count against the maximum number of Shares that may be issued pursuant to the exercise of Incentive Stock Options under this Plan, as set forth in Section 4.1 above. Additionally, in the event that a Person acquired by the Company or any Subsidiary or with which the Company or any Subsidiary combines has shares available under a pre-existing plan approved by stockholders and not adopted in contemplation of such acquisition or combination, the shares available for grants pursuant to the terms of such pre-existing plan (as adjusted, to the extent appropriate, using the exchange ratio or other adjustment or valuation ratio or formula used in such acquisition or combination to determine the consideration payable to the holders of common stock of the entities party to such acquisition or combination) may be used for Awards under

 

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this Plan and shall not reduce the Shares authorized for grant under this Plan (and Shares subject to such Awards shall not be added to the Shares available for Awards under this Plan as provided under Section 4.1 above); provided that Awards using such available shares shall not be made after the date awards or grants could have been made under the terms of the pre-existing plan, absent the acquisition or combination, and shall only be made to individuals who were not Eligible Employees or Non-Employee Directors prior to such acquisition or combination.

4.3    Adjustments.

(a)    The existence of this Plan and the Awards granted hereunder shall not affect in any way the right or power of the Board or the stockholders of the Company to make or authorize (i) any adjustment, recapitalization, reorganization, or other change in the Company’s capital structure or its business, (ii) any merger or consolidation of the Company or any Affiliate, (iii) any issuance of bonds, debentures, or preferred or prior preference stock ahead of or affecting the Shares, (iv) the dissolution or liquidation of the Company or any Affiliate, (v) any sale or transfer of all or part of the assets or business of the Company or any Affiliate, or (vi) any other corporate act or proceeding.

(b)    Subject to the provisions of Section 11.1:

(i)    If the Company at any time subdivides (by any split, recapitalization or otherwise) the outstanding Shares into a greater number of Shares, or combines (by reverse split, combination, or otherwise) its outstanding Shares into a lesser number of Shares, then the respective exercise prices for outstanding Awards that provide for a Participant-elected exercise and the number of Shares covered by outstanding Awards shall be appropriately adjusted by the Committee to prevent dilution or enlargement of the rights granted to, or available for, Participants under this Plan; provided, that the Committee in its sole discretion shall determine whether an adjustment is appropriate.

(ii)    Excepting transactions covered by Section 4.3(b)(i), if the Company effects any merger, consolidation, statutory exchange, spin-off, reorganization, sale or transfer of all or substantially all the Company’s assets or business, or other corporate transaction or event in such a manner that the Company’s outstanding Shares are converted into the right to receive (or the holders of Common Stock are entitled to receive in exchange therefor), either immediately or upon liquidation of the Company, securities or other property of the Company or other entity, then, subject to the provisions of Section 11.1, (A) the aggregate number or kind of securities that thereafter may be issued under this Plan, (B) the number or kind of securities or other property (including cash) to be issued pursuant to Awards granted under this Plan (including as a result of the assumption of this Plan and the obligations hereunder by a successor entity, as applicable), or (C) the exercise or purchase price thereof, shall be appropriately adjusted by the Committee to prevent dilution or enlargement of the rights granted to, or available for, Participants under this Plan.

(iii)    If there shall occur any change in the capital structure of the Company other than those covered by Section 4.3(b)(i) or 4.3(b)(ii), any conversion, any adjustment, or any issuance of any class of securities convertible or exercisable into, or exercisable for, any class of equity securities of the Company, then the Committee shall adjust any Award and make such other adjustments to this Plan to prevent dilution or enlargement of the rights granted to, or available for, Participants under this Plan.

(iv)    In the event of any pending stock dividend, stock split, combination or exchange of shares, merger, consolidation or other distribution (other than normal cash dividends) of Company assets to stockholders, or any other extraordinary transaction or change affecting the Shares or the Share price, including any securities offering or other similar transaction, for administrative convenience, the Committee may refuse to permit the exercise of any Award for up to sixty (60) days before or after such transaction.

(v)    The Committee may adjust the Performance Goals applicable to any Awards to reflect any unusual or non-recurring events and other extraordinary items, impact of charges for restructurings, discontinued

 

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operations, and the cumulative effects of accounting or tax changes, each as defined by generally accepted accounting principles or as identified in the Company’s financial statements, notes to the financial statements, management’s discussion and analysis, or other Company public filing.

(vi)    Any such adjustment determined by the Committee pursuant to this Section 4.3(b) shall be final, binding, and conclusive on the Company and all Participants and their respective heirs, executors, administrators, successors, and permitted assigns. Any adjustment to, or assumption or substitution of, an Award under this Section 4.3(b) shall be intended to comply with the requirements of Section 409A of the Code and Treasury Regulation §1.424-1 (and any amendments thereto), to the extent applicable. Except as expressly provided in this Section 4.3 or in the applicable Award Agreement, a Participant shall have no additional rights under this Plan by reason of any transaction or event described in this Section 4.3.

4.4    Annual Limit on Non-Employee Director Compensation. In each calendar year during any part of which this Plan is in effect, a Non-Employee Director may not receive Awards for such individual’s service on the Board that, taken together with any cash fees paid to such Non-Employee Director during such calendar year for such individual’s service on the Board, have a value in excess of $750,000 (calculating the value of any such Awards based on the grant date fair value of such Awards for financial reporting purposes); provided, that (a) the Committee may make exceptions to this limit, except that the Non-Employee Director receiving such additional compensation may not participate in the decision to award such compensation or in other contemporaneous decisions involving Non-Employee Directors and (b) for any calendar year in which a Non-Employee Director (i) first commences service on the Board, (ii) serves on a special committee of the Board, or (iii) serves as lead director or non-executive chair of the Board, additional compensation may be provided to such Non-Employee Director in excess of such limit; provided, further, that the limit set forth in this Section 4.4 shall be applied without regard to Awards or other compensation, if any, provided to a Non-Employee Director during any period in which such individual was an employee of the Company or any Affiliate or was otherwise providing services to the Company or to any Affiliate other than in the capacity as a Non-Employee Director.

ARTICLE V

ELIGIBILITY

5.1    General Eligibility. All current and prospective Eligible Individuals are eligible to be granted Awards. Eligibility for the grant of Awards and actual participation in this Plan shall be determined by the Committee in its sole discretion. No Eligible Individual will automatically be granted any Award under this Plan.

5.2    Incentive Stock Options. Notwithstanding the foregoing, only Eligible Employees who are employees of the Company, its Parents or its Subsidiaries are eligible to be granted Incentive Stock Options under this Plan. Eligibility for the grant of an Incentive Stock Option and actual participation in this Plan shall be determined by the Committee in its sole discretion.

5.3    General Requirement. The vesting and exercise of Awards granted to a prospective Eligible Individual are conditioned upon such individual actually becoming an Eligible Employee, Consultant, or Non-Employee Director, as applicable.

ARTICLE VI

STOCK OPTIONS; STOCK APPRECIATION RIGHTS

6.1    General. Stock Options or Stock Appreciation Rights may be granted alone or in addition to other Awards granted under this Plan. Each Stock Option granted under this Plan shall be of one of two types: (a) an Incentive Stock Option or (b) a Non-Qualified Stock Option. Stock Options and Stock Appreciation Rights

 

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granted under this Plan shall be evidenced by an Award Agreement and subject to the terms, conditions and limitations in this Plan, including any limitations applicable to Incentive Stock Options.

6.2    Grants. The Committee shall have the authority to grant to any Eligible Individual one or more Incentive Stock Options, Non-Qualified Stock Options, and/or Stock Appreciation Rights; provided, however, that Incentive Stock Options may only be granted to an Eligible Employee who is an employee of the Company, its Parents or its Subsidiaries. To the extent that any Stock Option does not qualify as an Incentive Stock Option (whether because of its provisions or the time or manner of its exercise or otherwise), such Stock Option or the portion thereof which does not so qualify shall constitute a separate Non-Qualified Stock Option.

6.3    Exercise Price. The exercise price per Share subject to a Stock Option or Stock Appreciation Right shall be determined by the Committee at the time of grant, provided that the per share exercise price of a Stock Option or Stock Appreciation Right shall not be less than 100% (or, in the case of an Incentive Stock Option granted to a Ten Percent Stockholder, 110%) of the Fair Market Value at the time of grant. Notwithstanding the foregoing, in the case of a Stock Option or Stock Appreciation Right that is a Substitute Award, the exercise price per Share for such Stock Option or Stock Appreciation Right may be less than the Fair Market Value on the date of grant; provided, that, such exercise price is determined in a manner consistent with the provisions of Section 409A of the Code and, if applicable, Section 424(a) of the Code.

6.4    Term. The term of each Stock Option or Stock Appreciation Right shall be fixed by the Committee, provided that no Stock Option or Stock Appreciation Right shall be exercisable more than ten (10) years (or, in the case of an Incentive Stock Option granted to a Ten Percent Stockholder, five (5) years) after the date on which the Stock Option or Stock Appreciation Right, as applicable, is granted.

6.5    Exercisability. Unless otherwise provided by the Committee in accordance with the provisions of this Section 6.5, Stock Options and Stock Appreciation Rights granted under this Plan shall be exercisable at such time or times and subject to such terms and conditions as shall be determined by the Committee at the time of grant. The Committee may, but shall not be required to, provide for an acceleration of vesting and exercisability in the terms of any Award Agreement upon the occurrence of a specified event. Unless otherwise determined by the Committee, if the exercise of a Non-Qualified Stock Option or Stock Appreciation Right within the permitted time periods is prohibited because such exercise would violate the registration requirements under the Securities Act or any other Applicable Law or the rules of any securities exchange or interdealer quotation system, the Company’s insider trading policy (including any blackout periods) or a “lock-up” agreement entered into in connection with the issuance of securities by the Company, then the expiration of such Non-Qualified Stock Option or Stock Appreciation Right shall be extended until the date that is thirty (30) days after the end of the period during which the exercise of the Non-Qualified Stock Option or Stock Appreciation Right would be in violation of such registration requirement or other Applicable Law or rules, blackout period or lock-up agreement, as determined by the Committee; provided, however, that in no event shall any such extension result in any Non-Qualified Stock Option or Stock Appreciation Right remaining exercisable after the ten (10)-year term of the applicable Non-Qualified Stock Option or Stock Appreciation Right.

6.6    Method of Exercise. Subject to any applicable waiting period or exercisability provisions under Section 6.5, to the extent vested, Stock Options and Stock Appreciation Rights may be exercised in whole or in part at any time during the term of the applicable Stock Option or Stock Appreciation Right, by giving written notice of exercise (which may be electronic) to the Company specifying the number of Stock Options or Stock Appreciation Rights, as applicable, being exercised. Such notice shall be accompanied by payment in full of the exercise price (which shall equal the product of such number of Shares to be purchased multiplied by the applicable exercise price). The exercise price for the Stock Options may be paid upon such terms and conditions as shall be established by the Committee and set forth in the applicable Award Agreement. Without limiting the foregoing, the Committee may establish payment terms for the exercise of Stock Options pursuant to which the Company may withhold a number of Shares that otherwise would be issued to the Participant in connection with the exercise of the Stock Option having a Fair Market Value on the date of exercise equal to the exercise price, or

 

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that permit the Participant to deliver cash or Shares with a Fair Market Value equal to the exercise price on the date of payment, or through a simultaneous sale through a broker of Shares acquired on exercise, all as permitted by Applicable Law. No Shares shall be issued until payment therefor, as provided herein, has been made or provided for. Upon the exercise of a Stock Appreciation Right a Participant shall be entitled to receive, for each right exercised, up to, but no more than, an amount in cash and/or Shares (as chosen by the Committee in its sole discretion) equal in value to the excess of the Fair Market Value of one (1) Share on the date that the right is exercised over the Fair Market Value of one (1) Share on the date that the right was awarded to the Participant.

6.7    Non-Transferability. No Stock Option or Stock Appreciation Right shall be transferable by the Participant other than by will or by the laws of descent and distribution, and all Stock Options and Stock Appreciation Rights shall be exercisable, during the Participant’s lifetime, only by the Participant. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Committee may determine, in its sole discretion, at the time of grant or thereafter that a Non-Qualified Stock Option that is otherwise not transferable pursuant to this Section is transferable to a Family Member of the Participant in whole or in part and in such circumstances, and under such conditions, as specified by the Committee. A Non-Qualified Stock Option that is transferred to a Family Member pursuant to the preceding sentence (i) may not be subsequently transferred other than by will or by the laws of descent and distribution and (ii) remains subject to the terms of this Plan and the applicable Award Agreement. Any Shares acquired upon the exercise of a Non-Qualified Stock Option by a permissible transferee of a Non-Qualified Stock Option or a permissible transferee pursuant to a transfer after the exercise of the Non-Qualified Stock Option shall be subject to the terms of this Plan and the applicable Award Agreement.

6.8    Termination. Unless otherwise determined by the Committee at grant or, if no rights of the Participant are reduced, thereafter, subject to the provisions of the applicable Award Agreement and this Plan, upon a Participant’s Termination of Service for any reason, Stock Options and Stock Appreciation Rights may remain exercisable following a Participant’s Termination of Service as follows:

(a)    Termination by Death or Disability. Unless otherwise provided in the applicable Award Agreement, or otherwise determined by the Committee at the time of grant or, if no rights of the Participant are reduced, thereafter, if a Participant’s Termination of Service is by reason of death or Disability, all Stock Options and Stock Appreciation Rights that are held by such Participant that are vested and exercisable at the time of the Participant’s Termination of Service may be exercised by the Participant (or in the case of the Participant’s death, by the legal representative of the Participant’s estate) at any time within a period of one (1) year from the date of such Termination of Service, but in no event beyond the expiration of the stated term of such Stock Options and Stock Appreciation Rights; provided, however, that, in the event of a Participant’s Termination of Service by reason of Disability, if the Participant dies within such exercise period, all unexercised Stock Options and Stock Appreciation Rights held by such Participant shall thereafter be exercisable, to the extent to which they were exercisable at the time of death, for a period of one (1) year from the date of such death, but in no event beyond the expiration of the stated term of such Stock Options and/or Stock Appreciation Rights.

(b)    Involuntary Termination Without Cause. Unless otherwise provided in the applicable Award Agreement or otherwise determined by the Committee at the time of grant or, if no rights of the Participant are reduced, thereafter, if a Participant’s Termination of Service is by involuntary termination by the Company without Cause, all Stock Options and Stock Appreciation Rights that are held by such Participant that are vested and exercisable at the time of the Participant’s Termination of Service may be exercised by the Participant at any time within a period of ninety (90) days from the date of such Termination of Service, but in no event beyond the expiration of the stated term of such Stock Options or Stock Appreciation Rights.

(c)    Voluntary Resignation. Unless otherwise provided in the applicable Award Agreement or otherwise determined by the Committee at the time of grant or, if no rights of the Participant are reduced, thereafter, if a Participant’s Termination of Service is voluntary (other than a voluntary termination described in Section 6.6(d) hereof), all Stock Options and Stock Appreciation Rights that are held by such Participant that are vested and exercisable at the time of the Participant’s Termination of Service may be exercised by the Participant

 

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at any time within a period of thirty (30) days from the date of such Termination of Service, but in no event beyond the expiration of the stated term of such Stock Options or Stock Appreciation Rights.

(d)    Termination for Cause. Unless otherwise provided in the applicable Award Agreement or determined by the Committee at the time of grant, or if no rights of the Participant are reduced, thereafter, if a Participant’s Termination of Service (x) is for Cause or (y) is a voluntary Termination of Service (as provided in Section 6.6(c)) after the occurrence of an event that would be grounds for a Termination of Service for Cause, all Stock Options and Stock Appreciation Rights, whether vested or not vested, that are held by such Participant shall thereupon immediately terminate and expire as of the date of such Termination of Service.

(e)    Unvested Stock Options and Stock Appreciation Rights. Unless otherwise provided in the applicable Award Agreement or determined by the Committee at the time of grant or, if no rights of the Participant are reduced, thereafter, Stock Options and Stock Appreciation Rights that are not vested as of the date of a Participant’s Termination of Service for any reason shall terminate and expire as of the date of such Termination of Service.

(f)    Incentive Stock Option Limitations. To the extent that the aggregate Fair Market Value (determined as of the time of grant) of the Shares with respect to which Incentive Stock Options are exercisable for the first time by an Eligible Employee during any calendar year under this Plan and/or any other stock option plan of the Company, any Parent or any Subsidiary exceeds $100,000, such Options shall be treated as Non-Qualified Stock Options. In addition, if an Eligible Employee does not remain employed by the Company, any Parent or any Subsidiary at all times from the time an Incentive Stock Option is granted until three (3) months prior to the date of exercise thereof (or such other period as required by Applicable Law), such Stock Option shall be treated as a Non-Qualified Stock Option. Should any provision of this Plan not be necessary in order for the Stock Options to qualify as Incentive Stock Options, or should any additional provisions be required, the Committee may amend this Plan accordingly, without the necessity of obtaining the approval of the stockholders of the Company.

(g)    Modification, Extension and Renewal of Stock Options. The Committee may (i) modify, extend, or renew outstanding Stock Options granted under this Plan (provided that the rights of a Participant are not reduced without such Participant’s consent and provided, further that such action does not subject the Stock Options to Section 409A of the Code without the consent of the Participant), and (ii) accept the surrender of outstanding Stock Options (to the extent not theretofore exercised) and authorize the granting of new Stock Options in substitution therefor (to the extent not theretofore exercised). Notwithstanding the foregoing, an outstanding Option may not be modified to reduce the exercise price thereof nor may a new Option at a lower price be substituted for a surrendered Option (other than adjustments or substitutions in accordance with Article IV), unless such action is approved by the stockholders of the Company.

6.9    Automatic Exercise. The Committee may include a provision in an Award Agreement providing for the automatic exercise of a Non-Qualified Stock Option or Stock Appreciation Right on a cashless basis on the last day of the term of such Option or Stock Appreciation Right if the Participant has failed to exercise the Non-Qualified Stock Option or Stock Appreciation Right as of such date, with respect to which the Fair Market Value of the Shares underlying the Non-Qualified Stock Option or Stock Appreciation Right exceeds the exercise price of such Non-Qualified Stock Option or Stock Appreciation Right on the date of expiration of such Option or Stock Appreciation Right, subject to Section 14.4.

6.10    Other Terms and Conditions. As the Committee shall deem appropriate, Stock Options and Stock Appreciation Rights may be subject to additional terms and conditions or other provisions, which shall not be inconsistent with any of the terms of this Plan.

 

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ARTICLE VII

RESTRICTED STOCK; RESTRICTED STOCK UNITS

7.1    Awards of Restricted Stock and Restricted Stock Units. Shares of Restricted Stock and Restricted Stock Units may be granted alone or in addition to other Awards granted under this Plan. The Committee shall determine the Eligible Individuals to whom, and the time or times at which, grants of Restricted Stock and/or Restricted Stock Units shall be made, the number of shares of Restricted Stock or Restricted Stock Units to be awarded, the price (if any) to be paid by the Participant (subject to Section 7.2), the time or times within which such Awards may be subject to forfeiture, the vesting schedule and rights to acceleration thereof, and all other terms and conditions of the Awards. The Committee shall determine and set forth in the Award Agreement the terms and conditions for each Award of Restricted Stock and Restricted Stock Units, subject to the conditions and limitations contained in this Plan, including any vesting or forfeiture conditions.

The Committee may condition the grant or vesting of Restricted Stock and Restricted Stock Units upon the attainment of specified Performance Goals or such other factor as the Committee may determine in its sole discretion.

7.2    Awards and Certificates. Restricted Stock and Restricted Stock Units granted under this Plan shall be evidenced by an Award Agreement and subject to the following terms and conditions and shall be in such form and contain such additional terms and conditions not inconsistent with the terms of this Plan, as the Committee shall deem desirable:

(a)    Restricted Stock.

(i)    Purchase Price. The purchase price of Restricted Stock shall be fixed by the Committee. The purchase price for shares of Restricted Stock may be zero to the extent permitted by Applicable Law, and, to the extent not so permitted, such purchase price may not be less than par value.

(ii)    Legend. Each Participant receiving Restricted Stock shall be issued a stock certificate in respect of such shares of Restricted Stock, unless the Committee elects to use another system, such as book entries by the Company’s transfer agent, as evidencing ownership of shares of Restricted Stock. Such certificate shall be registered in the name of such Participant, and shall, in addition to such legends required by Applicable Law, bear an appropriate legend referring to the terms, conditions, and restrictions applicable to such Restricted Stock.

(iii)    Custody. If stock certificates are issued in respect of shares of Restricted Stock, the Committee may require that any stock certificates evidencing such shares be held in custody by the Company until the restrictions thereon shall have lapsed, and that, as a condition of any grant of Restricted Stock, the Participant shall have delivered a duly signed stock power or other instruments of assignment (including a power of attorney), each endorsed in blank with a guarantee of signature if deemed necessary or appropriate by the Company, which would permit transfer to the Company of all or a portion of the shares subject to the Award of Restricted Stock in the event that such Award is forfeited in whole or part.

(iv)    Rights as a Stockholder. Except as provided in Section 7.3(a) and this Section 7.2(a) or as otherwise determined by the Committee in an Award Agreement, the Participant shall have, with respect to the shares of Restricted Stock, all of the rights of a holder of Shares, including, without limitation, the right to receive dividends, the right to vote such shares, and, subject to and conditioned upon the full vesting of shares of Restricted Stock, the right to tender such shares; provided that the Award Agreement shall specify on what terms and conditions the applicable Participant shall be entitled to dividends payable on the Shares.

(v)    Lapse of Restrictions. If and when the Restriction Period expires without a prior forfeiture of the Restricted Stock, the certificates for such Shares shall be delivered to the Participant. All legends shall be removed from said certificates at the time of delivery to the Participant, except as otherwise required by Applicable Law or other limitations imposed by the Committee.

 

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(b)    Restricted Stock Units.

(i)    Settlement. The Committee may provide that settlement of Restricted Stock Units will occur upon or as soon as reasonably practical after the Restricted Stock Units vest or will instead be deferred, on a mandatory basis or at the Participant’s election, in a manner intended to comply with Section 409A of the Code.

(ii)    Rights as a Stockholder. A Participant will have no rights of a stockholder with respect to Shares subject to any Restricted Stock Unit unless and until Shares are delivered in settlement of the Restricted Stock Units.

(iii)    Dividend Equivalent Rights. If the Committee so provides, a grant of Restricted Stock Units may provide a Participant with the right to receive Dividend Equivalent Rights. Dividend Equivalent Rights may be paid currently or credited to an account for the Participant, settled in cash or Shares, and subject to the same restrictions on transferability and forfeitability as the Restricted Stock Units with respect to which the Dividend Equivalent Rights are granted and subject to other terms and conditions as set forth in the Award Agreement.

7.3    Restrictions and Conditions.

(a)    Restriction Period.

(i)    The Participant shall not be permitted to transfer shares of Restricted Stock awarded under this Plan or vest in Restricted Stock Units during the period or periods set by the Committee (the “Restriction Period”) commencing on the date of such Award, as set forth in the applicable Award Agreement and such agreement shall set forth a vesting schedule and any event that would accelerate vesting of the Restricted Stock and/or Restricted Stock Units. Within these limits, based on service, attainment of Performance Goals pursuant to Section 7.3(a)(i), and/or such other factors or criteria as the Committee may determine in its sole discretion, the Committee may condition the grant or provide for the lapse of such restrictions in installments in whole or in part, or may accelerate the vesting of all or any part of any Award of Restricted Stock or Restricted Stock Units and/or waive the deferral limitations for all or any part of any Award of Restricted Stock or Restricted Stock Units.

(ii)    If the grant of shares of Restricted Stock or Restricted Stock Units or the lapse of restrictions or vesting schedule is based on the attainment of Performance Goals, the Committee shall establish the objective Performance Goals and the applicable vesting percentage applicable to each Participant or class of Participants in the applicable Award Agreement prior to the beginning of the applicable fiscal year or at such later date as otherwise determined by the Committee and while the outcome of the Performance Goals are substantially uncertain. Such Performance Goals may incorporate provisions for disregarding (or adjusting for) changes in accounting methods, corporate transactions (including, without limitation, dispositions and acquisitions), and other similar types of events or circumstances.

(b)    Termination. Unless otherwise provided in the applicable Award Agreement or determined by the Committee at grant or, if no rights of the Participant are reduced, thereafter, upon a Participant’s Termination of Service for any reason during the relevant Restriction Period, all Restricted Stock or Restricted Stock Units still subject to restriction will be forfeited in accordance with the terms and conditions established by the Committee at grant or thereafter.

ARTICLE VIII

PERFORMANCE AWARDS

The Committee may grant a Performance Award to a Participant payable upon the attainment of specific Performance Goals either alone or in addition to other Awards granted under this Plan. The Performance Goals to be achieved during the Performance Period and the length of the Performance Period shall be determined by the

 

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Committee upon the grant of each Performance Award. The conditions for grant or vesting and the other provisions of Performance Awards (including, without limitation, any applicable Performance Goals) need not be the same with respect to each Participant. Performance Awards may be paid in cash, Shares, other property, or any combination thereof, in the sole discretion of the Committee as set forth in the applicable Award Agreement.

ARTICLE IX

OTHER STOCK-BASED AND CASH AWARDS

9.1    Other Stock-Based Awards. The Committee is authorized to grant to Eligible Individuals Other Stock-Based Awards that are payable in, valued in whole or in part by reference to, or otherwise based on or related to Shares, including but not limited to, Shares awarded purely as a bonus and not subject to restrictions or conditions, Shares in payment of the amounts due under an incentive or performance plan sponsored or maintained by the Company, stock equivalent units, and Awards valued by reference to the book value of Shares. Other Stock-Based Awards may be granted either alone or in addition to or in tandem with other Awards granted under this Plan.

Subject to the provisions of this Plan, the Committee shall have authority to determine the Eligible Individuals, to whom, and the time or times at which, such Other Stock-Based Awards shall be made, the number of Shares to be awarded pursuant to such Awards, and all other conditions of the Awards. The Committee may also provide for the grant of Shares under such Awards upon the completion of a specified Performance Period. The Committee may condition the grant or vesting of Other Stock-Based Awards upon the attainment of specified Performance Goals as the Committee may determine, in its sole discretion.

9.2    Terms and Conditions. Other Stock-Based Awards made pursuant to this Article X shall be evidenced by an Award Agreement and subject to the following terms and conditions and shall be in such form and contain such additional terms and conditions not inconsistent with the terms of this Plan, as the Committee shall deem desirable:

(a)    Non-Transferability. Subject to the applicable provisions of the Award Agreement and this Plan, Shares subject to Other Stock-Based Awards may not be transferred prior to the date on which the Shares are issued or, if later, the date on which any applicable restriction, performance, or deferral period lapses.

(b)    Dividends. Unless otherwise determined by the Committee at the time of the grant of an Other Stock-Based Award, subject to the provisions of the Award Agreement and this Plan, the recipient of an Other Stock-Based Award shall not be entitled to receive, currently or on a deferred basis, dividends or Dividend Equivalent Rights in respect of the number of Shares covered by the Other Stock-Based Award.

(c)    Vesting. Any Other Stock-Based Award and any Shares covered by any such Other Stock-Based Award shall vest or be forfeited to the extent so provided in the Award Agreement, as determined by the Committee, in its sole discretion.

(d)    Price. Shares under this Article X may be issued for no cash consideration. Shares purchased pursuant to a purchase right awarded pursuant to an Other Stock-Based Award shall be priced, as determined by the Committee in its sole discretion.

9.3    Cash Awards. The Committee may from time to time grant Cash Awards to Eligible Individuals in such amounts, on such terms and conditions, and for such consideration, including no consideration or such minimum consideration as may be required by Applicable Law, as it shall determine in its sole discretion. Cash Awards may be granted subject to the satisfaction of vesting conditions or may be awarded purely as a bonus and not subject to restrictions or conditions, and if subject to vesting conditions, the Committee may accelerate the vesting of such Awards at any time in its sole discretion. The grant of a Cash Award shall not require a segregation of any of the Company’s assets for satisfaction of the Company’s payment obligation thereunder.

 

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ARTICLE X

CHANGE IN CONTROL PROVISIONS

10.1    Benefits. In the event of a Change in Control of the Company, and except as otherwise provided by the Committee in an Award Agreement or any applicable employment agreement, offer letter, consulting agreement, change in control agreement, or similar agreement in effect between the Company or an Affiliate and the Participant, a Participant’s unvested Awards shall not vest automatically and a Participant’s Awards shall be treated in accordance with one or more of the following methods as determined by the Committee:

(a)    Awards, whether or not then vested, shall be continued, be assumed, or have new rights substituted therefor, as determined by the Committee in a manner consistent with the requirements of Section 409A of the Code, and restrictions to which shares of Restricted Stock or any other Award granted prior to the Change in Control are subject shall not lapse upon a Change in Control and the Restricted Stock or other Award shall, where appropriate in the sole discretion of the Committee, receive the same distribution as other Shares on such terms as determined by the Committee; provided that the Committee may decide to award additional Restricted Stock or other Awards in lieu of any cash distribution. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary herein, for purposes of Incentive Stock Options, any assumed or substituted Stock Option shall comply with the requirements of Treasury Regulation Section 1.424-1 (and any amendment thereto).

(b)    The Committee, in its sole discretion, may provide for the purchase of any Awards by the Company for an amount of cash equal to the excess (if any) of the Change in Control Price of the Shares covered by such Awards, over the aggregate exercise price of such Awards; provided, however, that if the exercise price of an Option or Stock Appreciation Right exceeds the Change in Control Price, such Award may be cancelled for no consideration.

(c)    The Committee may, in its sole discretion, terminate all outstanding and unexercised Stock Options, Stock Appreciation Rights, or any Other Stock-Based Award that provides for a Participant-elected exercise, effective as of the date of the Change in Control, by delivering notice of termination to each Participant at least twenty (20) days prior to the date of consummation of the Change in Control, in which case during the period from the date on which such notice of termination is delivered to the consummation of the Change in Control, each such Participant shall have the right to exercise in full all of such Participant’s Awards that are then outstanding (without regard to any limitations on exercisability otherwise contained in the Award Agreements), but any such exercise shall be contingent on the occurrence of the Change in Control, and, provided that, if the Change in Control does not take place within a specified period after giving such notice for any reason whatsoever, the notice and exercise pursuant thereto shall be null and void.

(d)    Notwithstanding any other provision herein to the contrary, the Committee may, in its sole discretion, provide for accelerated vesting or lapse of restrictions, of an Award at any time.

ARTICLE XI

TERMINATION OR AMENDMENT OF PLAN

Notwithstanding any other provision of this Plan, the Board or the Committee may at any time, and from time to time, amend, in whole or in part, any or all of the provisions of this Plan (including any amendment deemed necessary to ensure that the Company may comply with any Applicable Law), or suspend or terminate it entirely, retroactively or otherwise; provided, however, that, unless otherwise required by Applicable Law or specifically provided herein, the rights of a Participant with respect to Awards granted prior to such amendment, suspension, or termination may not be materially impaired without the consent of such Participant and, provided, further, that without the approval of the holders of the Shares entitled to vote in accordance with Applicable Law, no amendment may be made that would (i) increase the aggregate number of Shares that may be issued under this Plan (except by operation of Section 4.1); or (ii) change the classification of individuals eligible to receive

 

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Awards under this Plan. Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, the Board or the Committee may amend this Plan or any Award Agreement at any time without a Participant’s consent to comply with Applicable Law, including Section 409A of the Code. The Committee may amend the terms of any Award theretofore granted, prospectively or retroactively, but, subject to Article IV or as otherwise specifically provided herein, no such amendment or other action by the Committee shall materially impair the rights of any Participant without the Participant’s consent.

ARTICLE XII

UNFUNDED STATUS OF PLAN

This Plan is intended to constitute an “unfunded” plan for incentive and deferred compensation. With respect to any payment as to which a Participant has a fixed and vested interest but which is not yet made to a Participant by the Company, nothing contained herein shall give any such Participant any right that is greater than those of a general unsecured creditor of the Company.

ARTICLE XIII

GENERAL PROVISIONS

13.1    Lock-Up; Legend. The Committee may require each person receiving Shares pursuant to a Stock Option or other Award under this Plan to represent to and agree with the Company in writing that the Participant is acquiring the Shares without a view to distribution thereof. The Company may, in connection with registering the offering of any Company securities under the Securities Act, prohibit Participants from, directly or indirectly, selling or otherwise transferring any Shares or other Company securities during any period determined by the underwriter or the Company. In addition to any legend required by this Plan, the certificates for such Shares may include any legend that the Committee deems appropriate to reflect any restrictions on transfer. All certificates for Shares delivered under this Plan shall be subject to such stop transfer orders and other restrictions as the Committee may deem advisable under the rules, regulations, and other requirements of the Securities and Exchange Commission, any stock exchange upon which the Common Stock is then listed or any national securities exchange system upon whose system the Common Stock is then quoted, and any Applicable Law, and the Committee may cause a legend or legends to be put on any such certificates to make appropriate reference to such restrictions. If the Shares are held in book-entry form, then the book-entry will indicate any restrictions on such Shares.

13.2    Other Plans. Nothing contained in this Plan shall prevent the Board from adopting other or additional compensation arrangements, subject to stockholder approval if such approval is required, and such arrangements may be either generally applicable or applicable only in specific cases.

13.3    No Right to Employment/Directorship/Consultancy. Neither this Plan nor the grant of any Award hereunder shall give any Participant or other employee, Consultant or Non-Employee Director any right with respect to continuance of employment, consultancy or directorship by the Company or any Affiliate, nor shall there be a limitation in any way on the right of the Company or any Affiliate by which an employee is employed or a Consultant or Non-Employee Director is retained to terminate such employment, consultancy, or directorship at any time.

13.4    Withholding of Taxes. A Participant shall be required to pay to the Company or one of its Affiliates, as applicable, or make arrangements satisfactory to the Company regarding the payment of, any income tax, social insurance contribution or other applicable taxes that are required to be withheld in respect of an Award. The Committee may (but is not obligated to), in its sole discretion, permit or require a Participant to satisfy all or any portion of the applicable taxes that are required to be withheld with respect to an Award by (a) the delivery of Shares (which are not subject to any pledge or other security interest) that have been both held by the

 

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Participant and vested for at least six (6) months (or such other period as established from time to time by the Committee in order to avoid adverse accounting treatment under applicable accounting standards) having an aggregate Fair Market Value equal to such withholding liability (or portion thereof); (b) having the Company withhold from the Shares otherwise issuable or deliverable to, or that would otherwise be retained by, the Participant upon the grant, exercise, vesting, or settlement of the Award, as applicable, a number of Shares with an aggregate Fair Market Value equal to the amount of such withholding liability; or (c) by any other means specified in the applicable Award Agreement or otherwise determined by the Committee.

13.5    Fractional Shares. No fractional Shares shall be issued or delivered pursuant to this Plan. The Committee shall determine whether cash, additional Awards, or other securities or property shall be used or paid in lieu of fractional Shares or whether any fractional shares should be rounded, forfeited, or otherwise eliminated.

13.6    No Assignment of Benefits. No Award or other benefit payable under this Plan shall, except as otherwise specifically provided in this Plan or under Applicable Law or permitted by the Committee, be transferable in any manner, and any attempt to transfer any such benefit shall be void, and any such benefit shall not in any manner be liable for or subject to the debts, contracts, liabilities, engagements, or torts of any person who shall be entitled to such benefit, nor shall it be subject to attachment or legal process for or against such person.

13.7    Clawbacks; Detrimental Conduct.

(a)    Clawbacks. All awards, amounts, or benefits received or outstanding under this Plan will be subject to clawback, cancellation, recoupment, rescission, payback, reduction, or other similar action in accordance with any Company clawback or similar policy or any Applicable Law related to such actions. A Participant’s acceptance of an Award will constitute the Participant’s acknowledgement of and consent to the Company’s application, implementation, and enforcement of any applicable Company clawback or similar policy that may apply to the Participant, whether adopted before or after the Effective Date, and any Applicable Law relating to clawback, cancellation, recoupment, rescission, payback, or reduction of compensation, and the Participant’s agreement that the Company may take any actions that may be necessary to effectuate any such policy or Applicable Law, without further consideration or action.

(b)    Detrimental Conduct. Except as otherwise determined by the Committee, notwithstanding any other term or condition of this Plan, if a Participant engages in Detrimental Conduct, whether during or after the Participant’s service, in addition to any other penalties or restrictions that may apply under this Plan, Applicable Law or otherwise, the Participant must forfeit or pay to the Company the following:

(i)    any and all outstanding Awards granted to the Participant, including Awards that have become vested or exercisable;

(ii)    any cash or Shares received by the Participant in connection with this Plan within the 18-month period immediately before the date the Company determines the Participant has engaged in Detrimental Conduct; and

(iii)    the profit realized by the Participant from the sale, or other disposition for consideration, of any Shares received by the Participant under this Plan within the 36-month period immediately before the date the Company determines the Participant has engaged in Detrimental Conduct.

13.8    Listing and Other Conditions.

(a)    Unless otherwise determined by the Committee, as long as the Common Stock is listed on a national securities exchange or system sponsored by a national securities association, the issuance of Shares pursuant to an Award shall be conditioned upon such Shares being listed on such exchange or system. The

 

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Company shall have no obligation to issue such Shares unless and until such Shares are so listed, and the right to exercise any Option or other Award with respect to such Shares shall be suspended until such listing has been effected.

(b)    If at any time counsel to the Company advises the Company that any sale or delivery of Shares pursuant to an Award is or may in the circumstances be unlawful or result in the imposition of excise taxes on the Company under Applicable Law, the Company shall have no obligation to make such sale or delivery, or to make any application or to effect or to maintain any qualification or registration under the Securities Act or otherwise, with respect to Shares or Awards, and the right to exercise any Option or other Award shall be suspended until, based on the advice of said counsel, such sale or delivery shall be lawful or will not result in the imposition of excise taxes on the Company.

(c)    Upon termination of any period of suspension under this Section 14.8, any Award affected by such suspension which shall not then have expired or terminated shall be reinstated as to all Shares available before such suspension and as to Shares which would otherwise have become available during the period of such suspension, but no such suspension shall extend the term of any Award.

(d)    A Participant shall be required to supply the Company with certificates, representations, and information that the Company requests and otherwise cooperate with the Company in obtaining any listing, registration, qualification, exemption, consent, or approval that the Company deems necessary or appropriate.

13.9    Governing Law. This Plan and actions taken in connection herewith shall be governed and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of Delaware, without reference to principles of conflict of laws.

13.10    Construction. Wherever any words are used in this Plan in the masculine gender they shall be construed as though they were also used in the feminine gender in all cases where they would so apply, and wherever words are used herein in the singular form they shall be construed as though they were also used in the plural form in all cases where they would so apply.

13.11    Other Benefits. No Award granted or paid out under this Plan shall be deemed compensation for purposes of computing benefits under any retirement plan of the Company or its Affiliates or affect any benefit or compensation under any other plan now or subsequently in effect under which the availability or amount of benefits is related to the level of compensation.

13.12    Costs. The Company shall bear all expenses associated with administering this Plan, including expenses of issuing Shares pursuant to Awards hereunder.

13.13    No Right to Same Benefits. The provisions of Awards need not be the same with respect to each Participant, and such Awards to individual Participants need not be the same in subsequent years.

13.14    Death/Disability. The Committee may in its discretion require the transferee of a Participant to supply it with written notice of the Participant’s death or Disability and to supply it with a copy of the will (in the case of the Participant’s death) or such other evidence as the Committee deems necessary to establish the validity of the transfer of an Award. The Committee may also require the agreement of the transferee to be bound by all of the terms and conditions of this Plan.

13.15    Section 16(b) of the Exchange Act. It is the intent of the Company that this Plan satisfy, and be interpreted in a manner that satisfies, the applicable requirements of Rule 16b-3 as promulgated under Section 16 of the Exchange Act so that Participants will be entitled to the benefit of Rule 16b-3, or any other rule promulgated under Section 16 of the Exchange Act, and will not be subject to short-swing liability under Section 16 of the Exchange Act. Accordingly, if the operation of any provision of this Plan would conflict with the intent expressed in this Section 14.15, such provision to the extent possible shall be interpreted and/or deemed amended so as to avoid such conflict.

 

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13.16    Deferral of Awards. The Committee may establish one or more programs under this Plan to permit selected Participants the opportunity to elect to defer receipt of consideration upon exercise of an Award, satisfaction of performance criteria, or other event that absent the election would entitle the Participant to payment or receipt of Shares or other consideration under an Award. The Committee may establish the election procedures, the timing of such elections, the mechanisms for payments of, and accrual of interest or other earnings, if any, on amounts, Shares or other consideration so deferred, and such other terms, conditions, rules, and procedures that the Committee deems advisable for the administration of any such deferral program.

13.17    Section 409A of the Code. This Plan and Awards are intended to comply with or be exempt from the applicable requirements of Section 409A of the Code and shall be limited, construed, and interpreted in accordance with such intent. To the extent that any Award is subject to Section 409A of the Code, it shall be paid in a manner that will comply with Section 409A of the Code, including proposed, temporary, or final regulations or any other guidance issued by the Secretary of the Treasury and the Internal Revenue Service with respect thereto. Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, any provision in this Plan that is inconsistent with Section 409A of the Code shall be deemed to be amended to comply with or be exempt from Section 409A of the Code and, to the extent such provision cannot be amended to comply therewith or be exempt therefrom, such provision shall be null and void. The Company shall have no liability to a Participant, or any other party, if an Award that is intended to be exempt from, or compliant with, Section 409A of the Code is not so exempt or compliant or for any action taken by the Committee or the Company and, in the event that any amount or benefit under this Plan becomes subject to penalties under Section 409A of the Code, responsibility for payment of such penalties shall rest solely with the affected Participants and not with the Company. Notwithstanding any contrary provision in this Plan or Award Agreement, any payment(s) of “nonqualified deferred compensation” (within the meaning of Section 409A of the Code) that are otherwise required to be made under this Plan to a “specified employee” (as defined under Section 409A of the Code) as a result of such employee’s separation from service (other than a payment that is not subject to Section 409A of the Code) shall be delayed for the first six (6) months following such separation from service (or, if earlier, until the date of death of the specified employee) and shall instead be paid (in a manner set forth in the Award Agreement) upon expiration of such delay period.

13.18    Data Privacy. As a condition of receipt of any Award, each Participant explicitly and unambiguously consents to the collection, use, and transfer, in electronic or other form, of personal data as described in this Section 14.18 by and among, as applicable, the Company and its Affiliates, for the exclusive purpose of implementing, administering, and managing this Plan and Awards and the Participant’s participation in this Plan. In furtherance of such implementation, administration, and management, the Company and its Affiliates may hold certain personal information about a Participant, including, but not limited to, the Participant’s name, home address, telephone number, date of birth, social security or insurance number or other identification number, salary, nationality, job title(s), information regarding any securities of the Company or any of its Affiliates, and details of all Awards (the “Data”). In addition to transferring the Data amongst themselves as necessary for the purpose of implementation, administration, and management of this Plan and Awards and the Participant’s participation in this Plan, the Company and its Affiliates may each transfer the Data to any third parties assisting the Company in the implementation, administration, and management of this Plan and Awards and the Participant’s participation in this Plan. Recipients of the Data may be located in the Participant’s country or elsewhere, and the Participant’s country and any given recipient’s country may have different data privacy laws and protections. By accepting an Award, each Participant authorizes such recipients to receive, possess, use, retain, and transfer the Data, in electronic or other form, for the purposes of assisting the Company in the implementation, administration, and management of this Plan and Awards and the Participant’s participation in this Plan, including any requisite transfer of such Data as may be required to a broker or other third party with whom the Company or the Participant may elect to deposit any shares of Common Stock. The Data related to a Participant will be held only as long as is necessary to implement, administer, and manage this Plan and Awards and the Participant’s participation in this Plan. A Participant may, at any time, view the Data held by the Company with respect to such Participant, request additional information about the storage and processing of the Data with respect to such Participant, recommend any necessary corrections to the Data with respect to the Participant, or refuse or withdraw the consents herein in writing, in any case without cost, by contacting his or

 

21


her local human resources representative. The Company may cancel the Participant’s eligibility to participate in this Plan, and in the Committee’s discretion, the Participant may forfeit any outstanding Awards if the Participant refuses or withdraws the consents described herein. For more information on the consequences of refusal to consent or withdrawal of consent, Participants may contact their local human resources representative.

13.19    Successor and Assigns. This Plan shall be binding on all successors and permitted assigns of a Participant, including, without limitation, the estate of such Participant and the executor, administrator, or trustee of such estate.

13.20    Severability of Provisions. If any provision of this Plan shall be held invalid or unenforceable, such invalidity or unenforceability shall not affect any other provisions hereof, and this Plan shall be construed and enforced as if such provisions had not been included.

13.21    Headings and Captions. The headings and captions herein are provided for reference and convenience only, shall not be considered part of this Plan, and shall not be employed in the construction of this Plan.

ARTICLE XIV

EFFECTIVE DATE OF PLAN

This Plan shall become effective on June 30, 2023 which is the date of its adoption by the Board, subject to the approval of this Plan by the stockholders of the Company in accordance with the requirements of the laws of the State of Delaware. If this Plan is not approved by the Company’s stockholders, this Plan will not become effective and no Awards will be granted under this Plan will continue in full force and effect in accordance with its terms.

ARTICLE XV

TERM OF PLAN

No Award shall be granted pursuant to this Plan on or after the tenth (10th) anniversary of the earlier of the date that this Plan is adopted or the date of stockholder approval, but Awards granted prior to such tenth (10th) anniversary may extend beyond that date.

*        *        *         *        *

 

22

Exhibit 10.11

PHANTOM EQUITY AWARD TERMINATION AGREEMENT AND GENERAL RELEASE

This Phantom Equity Award Termination Agreement and General Release (this “Agreement”) is made and entered into as of June 30, 2023 (the “Effective Date”), by and between Lux Vending, LLC d/b/a Bitcoin Depot, a Georgia limited liability company (the “Company”), and _____________ (the “Participant” and together with the Company, the “Parties”). Capitalized terms used but not defined herein have the meanings set forth in the Transaction Agreement (as defined below).

WHEREAS, the Company adopted its 2021 Participation Plan (the “Plan”) and pursuant to a Grant Agreement dated as of ________, 2021(the “Grant Agreement”), the Company granted to the Participant 200 Performance Units, as defined in the Plan (the “Phantom Equity Award”);

WHEREAS, the Company entered into that certain Transaction Agreement by and among GSR II Meteora Acquisition Corp, a Delaware corporation (“PubCo”), GSR II Meteora Sponsor LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, BT Assets, Inc., a Delaware corporation and the Company dated as of August 24, 2022 (as amended from time-to-time, the “Transaction Agreement”);

WHEREAS, Section 2.6(a) of the Transaction Agreement provides that, subject upon the Participant’s execution and delivery to the Company and PubCo of a Phantom Equity Award Termination Agreement, each Phantom Equity Award shall be converted into the right to receive (i) an amount in cash, without interest, equal to (A) the portion of the Aggregate Phantom Equity Consideration payable with respect to the Phantom Equity Award multiplied by the Cash Payout Percentage (the “Phantom Equity Cash Consideration”), and/or (ii) such number of shares of PubCo Class A Common Stock granted under the Incentive Equity Plan as is determined by dividing (A) (1) the Aggregate Phantom Equity Consideration payable with respect to such Phantom Equity Award, multiplied by (2) the Equity Payout Percentage, divided by (B) $10.15 (rounded to the nearest whole share) (such shares, the “Phantom Equity Non-Cash Consideration”);

WHEREAS, Sections 2.6(e) and 2.6(f) of the Transaction Agreement permit the delayed payment of the Phantom Equity Cash Consideration and/or the Phantom Equity Non-Cash Consideration and Section 2.6(f) of the Transaction Agreement permits the Phantom Equity Non-Cash Consideration to be paid in the form of PubCo Class A Common Stock, restricted stock units or similar equity securities under the Incentive Equity Plan; and

WHEREAS, the Participant and the Company desire to resolve all claims or causes of action that the Participant may have, or may have had, including, but not limited to any dispute regarding the calculation of the Phantom Equity Cash Consideration and the Phantom Equity Non-Cash Consideration, against the Company through the date the Participant signs this Agreement.

NOW, THEREFORE, for and in consideration of the above premises and other good and valuable consideration set forth herein, the receipt and sufficiency of which are hereby acknowledged, the Parties agree as follows:

1. Unless the context plainly requires otherwise, the term “Participant” includes the Participant and the Participant’s agents, attorneys, employees, heirs, successors and assigns; and, the term “Company Releasees” includes the Company and its affiliates and successors, and each of their respective past and present members, owners, directors, officers, managers, directors, employees, attorneys, agents, predecessors, successors, assigns, equityholders, partners, insurers and affiliates.


2. In consideration for the Participant’s execution of this Agreement, the Company agrees to (a) make a cash payment equal to the Phantom Equity Cash Consideration, promptly following the closing of the Transaction Agreement and (b) cause PubCo to grant to the Participant restricted stock units with respect to a number of shares of PubCo Class A Common Stock equal to the Phantom Equity Non-Cash Consideration and pursuant to the Incentive Equity Plan, to be granted upon the filing of the Form S-8 registration statement registering the shares of PubCo’s Class A Common Stock under the Incentive Equity Plan, in accordance with and subject to the terms and conditions of the Grant Agreement, the Plan the Transaction Agreement, the Incentive Equity Plan and an award agreement for the RSUs (including vesting terms). The Phantom Equity Cash Consideration and the Phantom Equity Non-Cash Consideration will be subject to withholding for all applicable income and employment taxes and any other amounts that the Company is required by any applicable law to deduct and withhold therefrom, all of which may be deducted and/or withheld from the Phantom Equity Cash Consideration. Effective as of the Effective Date, the Grant Agreement will be terminated, void and of no further force or effect, other than as expressly incorporated by reference herein and the Phantom Equity Award is unconditionally and irrevocably cancelled and forfeited, and all of the Participant’s right, title and interest in and to such Phantom Equity Award are cancelled and forfeited other than the right to receive the Phantom Equity Cash Consideration and the Phantom Equity Non-Cash Consideration expressly set forth in this Section 2.

3. The Participant hereby releases, discharges, and acquits forever the Company Releasees from any and all debts, claims, demands, liabilities, assessments, actions and causes of action, whether in law or in equity, whether direct or indirect, whether presently known or unknown, absolute or contingent, arising under any law, rule, regulation, ordinance, agreement, guideline or other standard of conduct of any kind and whatsoever which the Participant had, now has, or may have had against any of the Company Releasees from the beginning of time up to the date the Participant signs this Agreement.

4. Without limiting the foregoing release, the Participant waives all rights the Participant may have had or now has to pursue any and all remedies available under any cause of action whatsoever against any of the Company Releasees, including, without limitation, claims of wrongful discharge, emotional distress, defamation, breach of contract, breach of the covenant of good faith and fair dealing, and claims under the Employee Retirement Income Security Act and any other laws and regulations relating to employment, including any and all employment laws of the State of Georgia.

The Participant further acknowledges and expressly agrees that the Participant is waiving and releasing any and all rights the Participant may have had or now has to pursue any claim of discrimination, including, but not limited to, any claim of discrimination based on sex, race, age, religion, national origin, disability, genetic information, retaliation, or on any other basis, under Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, the Americans With Disabilities Act of 1990, the Equal Pay Act of 1963, the Civil Rights Act of 1866, any other analogous law of the State of Georgia,

 

2


and all other laws and regulations relating to employment. The Participant further acknowledges and covenants that in consideration for the agreements and commitments set forth in Section 2 hereof, the Participant has knowingly relinquished, waived and forever released any and all damages and remedies which might otherwise be available to the Participant, including, without limitation, claims for contract or tort damages of any type, claims for legal or equitable relief under either federal or state statutory and common law, claims for backpay and reinstatement and recovery of attorneys’ fees. The Participant also admits and acknowledges that the Participant has received all wages due under the Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938, as amended, as well as all leave or other benefits authorized by the Family Medical Leave Act of 1993, and expressly agrees that the Participant has no claim under these statutes against any of the Company Releasees.

5. The Participant acknowledges that the Participant has not filed or caused to be filed any lawsuit, complaint or charge with respect to any claim this Agreement purports to waive. The Participant further acknowledges and covenants not to sue any of the Company Releasees, or to participate or aid in any way in any suit or proceeding or to execute, seek to impose, collect or recover upon, or otherwise enforce or accept any judgment, decision, award, warrant or attachment upon any claim the Participant has purported to waive in this Agreement. Although the Participant is not precluded by this Release from filing a charge of discrimination with the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, the Participant promises never to seek any damages, remedies or other relief for the Participant personally (any right to which the Participant hereby waives) with respect to any claim this Agreement purports to waive. The Participant further agrees to indemnify and hold each of the Company Releasees harmless as to any amounts awarded to the Participant with respect to such claims.

The Participant further acknowledges that the Participant has not assigned or transferred any claim that the Participant is purporting to release hereby, nor has the Participant attempted to do so.

6. The Participant acknowledges that the Participant’s entitlement to and retention of the consideration set forth in Section 2 above is expressly conditioned upon the Participant’s continued compliance with all confidentiality, non-solicitation, non-competition, non-recruitment, non-disparagement or other restrictive covenants in effect between the Participant and the Company or its affiliates, and such other restrictive covenants as are set forth in or attached to the Participant’s Phantom Equity Award.

7. The Participant will be responsible for the payment of any and all local, state and/or federal taxes on consideration the Participant receives under this Agreement. The Participant agrees not to make any claim against the Company Releasees or any other person based on how the Company reports consideration provided under this Agreement to tax authorities or if an adverse determination is made as to the tax treatment of any amounts payable under this Agreement.

8. The Participant further agrees that the Participant will indemnify and hold the Company Releasees harmless from any loss, cost, damage or expense (including attorneys’ fees) incurred by the Company Releasees arising out of the Participant’s breach of this Agreement (such as suing the Company Releasees over a released claim). The Participant also understands that the Participant’s entitlement to and retention of the consideration set forth in Section 2 above is expressly conditioned upon the Participant’s fulfillment of the promises herein.

 

3


9. The Participant agrees, except as may be required by applicable law or legal process, to keep confidential and not disclose the terms of this Agreement to any person or entity other than the Participant’s accountants, financial advisors, attorneys or spouse, provided that such accountants, financial advisors, attorneys and spouse agree not to disclose the terms of this Agreement to any other person or entity.

10. It is understood and agreed that the consideration given for this Agreement is not to be construed as an admission of liability or fault on the part of anyone.

11. This Agreement and any questions as to its validity, meaning, interpretation, or application shall be governed by the laws of the State of Georgia without regard to its conflict of laws principles that would rest in the application of the laws of another jurisdiction.

12. Any notice the Participant is required to provide to the Company pursuant to this Agreement shall be made by hand delivery, otherwise delivered against written receipt therefor, or sent by overnight courier, signature required, to the Company, Attn: President and CEO, 3343 Peachtree Road, Suite 750, Atlanta, Georgia 30326. Notice will be effective upon the date of receipt by the Company.

13. The Participant represents and warrants that the Participant has fully read this Agreement, that the Participant understands all the terms and conditions set forth herein, and that the Participant is entering into this Agreement voluntarily and without promise or benefit other than as set forth herein. The Participant further acknowledges that the Participant was provided seven (7) days within which to consider this Agreement, that the Participant was advised to consult with an attorney of the Participant’s own choosing concerning the release and waivers contained in and the terms of this Release, and that the waivers the Participant has made, the releases the Participant has given, and the terms that the Participant has agreed to herein are made knowingly, consciously, and with full appreciation that the Participant is forever foreclosed from pursuing any of the rights so waived and released.

14. This Agreement may not be amended, modified or changed (in whole or in part), except by an instrument in writing signed by both Parties.

15. If any terms of the above provisions of this Agreement are found null, void or inoperative, for any reason, the remaining provisions will remain in full force and effect. The language of all parts of this Agreement shall in all cases be construed as a whole, according to its fair meaning, and not strictly for or against either of the Parties.

16. This Agreement may be executed in counterparts, each of which will be deemed an original but all of which together will constitute one and the same instrument. An originally executed version of this Agreement that is scanned as an image file (e.g., Adobe PDF, TIF, etc.) and then delivered by one party to the other party via electronic mail as evidence of signature, shall, for all purposes hereof, be deemed an original signature. In addition, an originally executed version of this Agreement that is delivered via facsimile by one party to the other party as evidence of signature shall, for all purposes hereof, be deemed an original.

 

4


17. The Parties agree that this Agreement shall inure to the benefit of the personal representatives, heirs, executors and administrators of the Participant. This Agreement may not be assigned by the Participant. The Company may freely assign all rights and obligations of this Agreement to any affiliate or successor (including to a purchaser of assets). The Company Releasees are expressly intended to be third-party beneficiaries of this Agreement and it may be enforced by each of them.

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the undersigned have executed this Agreement as of the date first written above.

[signature page follows]

 

5


LUX VENDING, LLC

d/b/a BITCOIN DEPOT

By:    
Name: Brandon Mintz
Title: Chief Executive Officer
PARTICIPANT
By:    
Name:

 

 

SIGNATURE PAGE TO

PHANTOM EQUITY AWARD TERMINATION AGREEMENT AND GENERAL RELEASE

Exhibit 16.1

 

LOGO

July 7, 2023

U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission

Office of the Chief Accountant

100 F Street, NE

Washington, DC 20549

 

Re:

Bitcoin Depot Inc.

File No. 001-41305

Dear Sir or Madam:

We have read Item 4.01 of Form 8-K of Bitcoin Depot Inc. dated July 7, 2023, and agree with the statements concerning our Firm contained therein.

Very truly yours,

/s/ GRANT THORNTON LLP

Exhibit 21.1

Subsidiaries of Bitcoin Depot Inc.

 

Company Name

  

Jurisdiction of Organization

BT HoldCo LLC    Delaware
Bitcoin Depot Operating LLC    Delaware
Mintz Assets, Inc.    Georgia
Express Vending, Inc.    British Columbia
Intuitive Software, LLC    Delaware
Digital Gold Ventures Inc.    Ontario
BitAccess, Inc.    Ontario

Exhibit 99.1

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

To the Member of

Lux Vending, LLC (dba Bitcoin Depot):

Opinion on the Consolidated Financial Statements

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Lux Vending, LLC (dba Bitcoin Depot) and subsidiaries (the Company) as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, the related consolidated statements of income and comprehensive income, changes in member’s equity, and cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2022, and the related notes (collectively, the consolidated financial statements). In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2022, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.

Change in Accounting Principle

As discussed in Note 3 to the consolidated financial statements, the Company has changed its method of accounting for leases as of January 1, 2022 due to the adoption of Accounting Standards Codification 842, Leases.

Basis for Opinion

These consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB) and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB and in accordance with auditing standards generally accepted in the United States of America. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the consolidated financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the consolidated financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the consolidated financial statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

/s/ KPMG LLP

We have served as the Company’s auditor since 2021.

Atlanta, Georgia

April 14, 2023

 

1


LUX VENDING, LLC (DBA BITCOIN DEPOT)

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

DECEMBER 31, 2022 AND 2021

 

     2022     2021  

Assets

    

Current:

    

Cash and cash equivalents

   $ 37,540,337     $ 38,028,200  

Cryptocurrencies

     539,896       6,557,754  

Accounts receivable, net

     263,206       91,738  

Prepaid expenses and other current assets

     2,014,858       2,428,927  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total current assets

     40,358,297       47,106,619  

Property and equipment:

    

Furniture and fixtures

     617,930       229,107  

Leasehold improvements

     171,780       171,780  

Kiosk machines - owned

     15,233,541       14,147,735  

Kiosk machines - leased

     36,590,636       46,330,250  

Vehicles

     16,913       74,404  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 
     52,630,800       60,953,276  

Less: accumulated depreciation

     (13,976,382     (15,328,902
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total property and equipment, net

     38,654,418       45,624,374  

Intangible assets, net

     5,351,249       6,864,776  

Goodwill

     8,717,288       8,717,288  

Operating lease right-of-use assets, net

     302,362       —    

Security deposits

     17,417       17,417  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total assets

   $ 93,401,031     $ 108,330,474  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Liabilities and Member’s equity

    

Current:

    

Accounts payable

   $ 8,119,155     $ 10,025,302  

Accrued expenses

     9,467,921       5,512,729  

Earn-out liability

     1,840,708       1,624,272  

Notes payable

     8,050,000       3,200,000  

Income taxes payable

     646,629       —    

Deferred revenue

     19,000       —    

Operating lease liabilities, current portion

     228,410       —    

Current installments of obligations under finance leases in

2022 and capital leases in 2021

     18,437,333       17,209,198  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total current liabilities

     46,809,156       37,571,501  

Deferred rent, non-current

     —         139,983  

Earn-out liability, non-current

     —         1,254,728  

Notes payable, non-current

     29,521,642       33,501,536  

Operating lease liabilities, non-current

     247,707       —    

Obligations under finance leases in 2022 and capital lease

in 2021, non-current

     6,139,713       15,396,437  

Deferred income tax, net

     1,238,678       1,490,529  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total Liabilities

     83,956,896       89,354,714  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Commitments and Contingencies (Note 18)

    

Member’s Equity

    

Equity attributed to Lux Vending, LLC

     7,396,170       17,615,633  

Accumulated other comprehensive loss

     (181,915     (72,188
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total equity attributable to Lux Vending, LLC

     7,214,255       17,543,445  

Equity attributed to noncontrolling interest in subsidiary

     2,229,880       1,432,315  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total member’s equity

     9,444,135       18,975,760  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total liabilities and member’s equity

   $ 93,401,031     $ 108,330,474  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

See the accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements

 

2


LUX VENDING, LLC (DBA BITCOIN DEPOT)

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME AND COMPREHENSIVE INCOME

FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2022, 2021 AND 2020

 

     2022     2021     2020  

Revenue

   $ 646,830,408     $ 548,980,103     $ 245,131,200  

Cost of revenue (excluding depreciation and amortization)

     574,534,503       492,953,812       214,038,451  

Operating expenses:

      

Selling, general, and administrative

     36,990,652       29,137,102       14,034,691  

Depreciation and amortization

     18,783,105       13,040,729       2,246,347  
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total operating expenses

     55,773,757       42,177,831       16,281,038  
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Income from operations

     16,522,148       13,848,460       14,811,711  
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Other income (expense):

      

Interest expense

     (12,318,347     (8,000,277     (731,127

Other income (expense)

     118,240       (97,811     324,594  

Loss on foreign currency transactions

     (380,170     —         —    
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total other expense, net

     (12,580,277     (8,098,088     (406,533
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Income before provision for income taxes and noncontrolling interest

     3,941,871       5,750,372       14,405,178  

Income tax (expense) benefit

     (394,779     171,164       —    
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net income

     3,547,092       5,921,536       14,405,178  

Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interest in subsidiary

     432,553       21,010       —    
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net income attributable to Lux Vending, LLC

   $ 3,979,645     $ 5,942,546     $ 14,405,178  
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Other comprehensive income, net of tax

      

Net income

   $ 3,547,092     $ 5,921,536     $ 14,405,178  

Foreign currency translation adjustments

     (109,727     (71,998     —    
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total Comprehensive Income

     3,437,365       5,849,538       14,405,178  
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Comprehensive loss attributable to noncontrolling interest in subsidiary

     432,553       20,820       —    
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Comprehensive income attributable to Lux Vending, LLC

   $ 3,869,918     $ 5,870,358     $ 14,405,178  
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

See the accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements

 

3


LUX VENDING, LLC (DBA BITCOIN DEPOT)

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN MEMBER’S EQUITY

FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2022, 2021 AND 2020

 

     Equity attributable
to Lux Vending,
LLC
    Accumulated
Other Comprehensive
Loss
    Total equity
attributable to Lux
Vending, LLC
    Equity
attributable to
non-controlling
interest in
subsidiary
    Total Member’s
Equity
 

Balance at January 1, 2020

   $ 6,319,150     $ —       $ 6,319,150       $—       $ 6,319,150  

Distributions

     (1,428,789     —         (1,428,789     —         (1,428,789

Net income

     14,405,178       —         14,405,178       —         14,405,178  
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Balance at December 31, 2020

     19,295,539       —         19,295,539       —         19,295,539  

Distributions

     (7,622,452     —         (7,622,452     —         (7,622,452

Fair value of noncontrolling interest in connection with acquisition of BitAccess

     —         —         —         948,154       948,154  

Stock compensation

     —         —         —         504,981       504,981  

Foreign currency translation

     —         (72,188     (72,188     190       (71,998

Net income (loss)

     5,942,546       —         5,942,546       (21,010     5,921,536  
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Balance at December 31, 2021

     17,615,633       (72,188     17,543,445       1,432,315       18,975,760  

Contributions

     1,778,041       —         1,778,041       —         1,778,041  

Distributions

     (15,977,149     —         (15,977,149     —         (15,977,149

Stock compensation

     —         —         —         1,230,118       1,230,118  

Foreign currency translation

     —         (109,727     (109,727     —         (109,727

Net income (loss)

     3,979,645       —         3,979,645       (432,553     3,547,092  
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Balance at December 31, 2022

   $ 7,396,170     $ (181,915   $ 7,214,255     $ 2,229,880     $ 9,444,135  
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

See the accompanying notes to the financial statements

 

4


LUX VENDING, LLC (DBA BITCOIN DEPOT)

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2022, 2021 AND 2020

 

     2022     2021     2020  

Cash flows from operating activities

      

Net income

   $ 3,547,092     $ 5,921,536     $ 14,405,178  

Adjustments to reconcile net income to cash provided by operating activities:

      

Amortization of deferred financing costs

     610,785       503,805       18,329  

Adjustment to contingent earn-out liability

     961,708       —         —    

Depreciation and amortization

     18,783,105       13,007,825       2,246,347  

Non-cash stock compensation

     1,230,118       504,981       —    

Purchase of services in cryptocurrencies

     3,677,924       6,100,047       3,527,944  

Deferred taxes

     (251,851     (386,920     —    

Forgiveness of debt (included in other income)

     —         —         (331,296

Reduction in carrying amount of right-of-use assets

     81,361       —         —    

Cryptocurrencies received as payment

     (3,244,324     (1,967,310     —    

Change in operating assets and liabilities:

      

Accounts receivable, net

     (171,468     14,414       —    

Cryptocurrencies

     2,796,126       (10,266,262     (3,786,236

Prepaid expenses and other current assets

     566,925       (896,852     (273,739

Accounts payable

     (1,906,147     7,292,791       1,465,269  

Accrued expenses

     4,048,977       3,455,306       1,004,299  

Income taxes payable

     646,629       —         —    

Deferred revenue

     19,000       —         —    

Operating lease liabilities

     (141,374     —         —    
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Cash provided by operating activities

     31,254,586       23,283,361       18,276,095  
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Cash flows from investing activities

      

Acquisition of property and equipment

     (1,110,132     (7,933,371     (1,376,693

Acquisition of BitAccess, net of cash received

     —         (11,387,386     —    

Contingent consideration payment

     (2,000,000     —         —    
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Cash used by investing activities

     (3,110,132     (19,320,757     (1,376,693
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Cash flows from financing activities

      

Proceeds from issuance of notes payable

     5,000,000       15,000,000       25,900,000  

Principal payments on notes payable

     (4,531,000     (1,069,024     (3,930,791

Principal payments on short-term financing arrangement

     (341,603     —         —    

Principal payments on finance leases

     (17,105,867     —         —    

Proceeds from forgivable note payable

     —         —         331,296  

Principal payments on capital lease obligations

     —         (12,858,825     (910,962

Payment for deferred financing costs

     (209,679     (467,690     (2,296,929

Distributions

     (11,353,485     (7,622,452     (1,428,789
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Cash used by financing activities

     (28,541,634     (7,017,991     17,663,825  
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents

     (90,683     (68,715     —    
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents

     (487,863     (3,124,102     34,563,227  

Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of the year

     38,028,200       41,152,302       6,589,075  
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Cash and cash equivalents, end of the year

   $ 37,540,337     $ 38,028,200     $ 41,152,302  
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information:

 

Cash paid during the years for:

      

Interest

   $ 10,839,980     $ 8,000,277     $ 731,127  
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Income taxes

   $ 116,613     $ —       $ —    
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

See the accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements

 

5


LUX VENDING, LLC (DBA BITCOIN DEPOT)

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2022, 2021 AND 2020

 

Supplemental disclosures of non-cash investing and financing activities:

In 2022, 2021 and 2020, the Company acquired property and equipment under finance lease obligations in 2022 and capital leases in 2021 and 2020 totaling $0, $38,799,000 and $7,538,500, respectively, which are recorded within kiosk machines - leased on the consolidated Balance Sheets.

See Note 4 for information on non-cash distribution and contribution activity with the Member.

See Note 17 for information on non-cash activity related to a lease modification.

During 2022, the Company exercised a purchase option under an expired BTM kiosk lease. The Company agreed to a purchase price of $341,603 which resulted in an increase in Kiosk machines - owned. The Company paid the purchase price through a short-term financing arrangement.

The Company purchases cryptocurrency from a liquidity provider which is settled the following day. The Company had a liability of $1,665,076, $972,726 and $0 at December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020, respectively which are recorded within accrued expenses on the consolidated Balance Sheets. The Company recognizes the activity with this liquidity provider as part cryptocurrencies and accrued expenses on the changes in operating assets and liabilities on the Statements of Cash Flow.

See the accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements

 

6


LUX VENDING, LLC (DBA BITCOIN DEPOT)

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

DECEMBER 31, 2022, 2021 AND 2020

(1) Organization and Background

(a) Organization

Lux Vending, LLC (dba Bitcoin Depot) (“Bitcoin Depot”, or the “Company”), a limited-liability company, was formed on June 7, 2016. Bitcoin Depot owns and operates a network of cryptocurrency kiosks (“BTMs”) across North America where customers can buy and sell cryptocurrencies. In addition to the BTM network, Bitcoin Depot also sells cryptocurrency to consumers at a network of retail locations through its BDCheckout product offering and through its website via over-the-counter (OTC) trade. The BDCheckout offering allows users similar functionality to our kiosks, enabling them to load cash into their accounts at the checkout counter at retailer locations, and then use those funds to purchase cryptocurrency. The Company’s website allows users to initiate and complete OTC trades for cryptocurrency. Bitcoin Depot also offers a software solution to other BTM operators through its controlled subsidiary, BitAccess, Inc.

(b) Background

Several factors affect the price of cryptocurrencies, including but not limited to: (a) global supply and demand; (b) investors’ expectations with respect to the rate of inflation; (c) interest rates; (d) currency exchange rates, including the rates at which cryptocurrencies may be exchanged for fiat currencies; (e) fiat currency withdrawal and deposit policies of electronic market places where traders may buy and sell cryptocurrencies based on bid-ask trading activity with the various exchanges and the liquidity of those exchanges; (f) interruptions in service from or failures of major cryptocurrency exchanges; (g) investment and trading activities of large investors, including private and registered funds, that may directly or indirectly invest in cryptocurrencies; (h) monetary policies of governments, trade restrictions, currency devaluations and revaluations; (i) regulatory measures, if any, that restrict the use of cryptocurrencies as a form of payment; (j) the maintenance and development of the open-source protocol governing the cryptocurrency’s network; (k) global or regional political, economic or financial events and situations; and (l) expectations among market participants that the value of a cryptocurrency will soon change.

Global supply for a particular cryptocurrency is determined by the asset’s network source code, which sets the rate at which assets may be awarded to network participants. Global demand for cryptocurrencies is influenced by such factors as the increase in acceptance by retail merchants and commercial businesses of a cryptocurrency as a payment alternative, the security of online exchanges and digital wallets, the perception that the use of cryptocurrencies is safe and secure, and the lack of regulatory restrictions on their use. Additionally, there is no assurance that any cryptocurrency will maintain its long-term value in terms of purchasing power. Any of these events could have a material effect on the Company’s financial position and the results of its operations.

(c) Significant Transaction

On August 24, 2022, the Company entered into a Transaction Agreement with GSR II Meteora Acquisition Corp. (“GSRM”). GSRM is a blank check company formed for the purpose of effecting a merger, capital stock exchange, asset acquisition, share purchase, reorganization or similar business combination with one or more businesses (an “initial business combination”). The Transaction agreement would create a series of transactions where the Company would become a public company. This transaction did not close as of December 31, 2022 and no impact of the transaction was recorded within the accompanying financial statements. The Company expensed all transaction related expenses in 2022 due to the uncertainty of whether this transaction will ultimately close.

 

7


LUX VENDING, LLC (DBA BITCOIN DEPOT)

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

DECEMBER 31, 2022, 2021 AND 2020

 

(2) Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

(a) Basis of Presentation

The consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“U.S. GAAP”) and pursuant to the rules and regulations of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) regarding annual financial reporting.

The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Lux Vending, LLC and its wholly-owned and controlled subsidiaries: Mintz Assets, Inc., Express Vending, Inc., Intuitive Software, LLC, Digital Gold Ventures, Inc. (“Digital Gold”), and BitAccess Inc. Mintz Assets, Inc. is a holding company that holds the ownership of Express Vending, Inc. Express Vending, Inc. is a Canadian corporation whose business activities include owning and operating a network of BTM kiosks in Canada. Intuitive Software, LLC is a holding company that holds an 84.69% equity interest (through its ownership of Digital Gold) in BitAccess Inc., a Canadian corporation, as described in Note 9. Intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

The Company has reclassified certain amounts relating to its prior period results to conform to the current period presentation. These reclassifications have not changed the results of operations of prior periods.

(b) Use of Estimates

The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Estimates are used for, but not limited to, valuation of current and deferred income taxes, the determination of the useful lives of property and equipment, recoverability of intangible assets and goodwill, fair value of long-term debt, present value of lease liabilities and right-of-use assets, assumptions and inputs for fair value measurements used in business combinations, impairments of cryptocurrencies, and contingencies, including liabilities that the Company deems are not probable of assertion. The Company bases its estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances. Actual results could differ from these estimates.

(c) Concentration of Credit Risk Arising from Cash Deposits in Excess of Insured Limits

The Company maintains cash in established U.S. and Canadian financial institutions that often will exceed federally insured limits. The Company has not experienced any losses in such accounts that are maintained at the financial institutions.

The Company maintains a certain cash balance in its BTMs and cryptocurrency exchanges to facilitate the purchase and sale of cryptocurrencies. The cash balances in the BTMs are insured up to a specified limit. From time to time, the Company’s cash balance in the BTMs exceeds such limits. The Company had $16,035,858 and $22,142,201 cash in BTMs at December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. Cash maintained in fiat wallets with cryptocurrency exchanges is not insured. The Company had $2,513,924 and $2,517,435 in cash with cryptocurrency exchanges at December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively.

A significant customer concentration is defined as one from whom at least 10% of annual revenue is derived. The Company had no significant customer concentration as of December 31, 2022 and 2021.

 

8


LUX VENDING, LLC (DBA BITCOIN DEPOT)

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

DECEMBER 31, 2022, 2021 AND 2020

 

(d) Cash and Cash Equivalents

Cash, as stated on the consolidated Balance Sheets, includes cash maintained at financial institutions, cryptocurrency exchanges, and BTMs owned and leased by the Company.

Cash equivalents represents cash in transit picked up by armored truck companies from the Company’s BTM machines but not yet deposited in the Company’s bank account. As of December 31, 2022 and 2021, the Company had cash in transit of $7,763,177 and $2,443,028, respectively. Management evaluates cash in transit based on outstanding cash deposits on cash picked up by the armored truck companies, historical cash deposits and cash that is lost during transit which is immaterial.

(e) Cryptocurrencies

Cryptocurrencies are a unit of account that function as a medium of exchange on a respective blockchain network, and a digital and decentralized ledger that keeps a record of all transactions that take place across a peer-to-peer network. The Company’s cryptocurrencies were primarily comprised of Bitcoin (“BTC”), Litecoin (“LTC”), and Ethereum (“ETH”) for the periods presented and are collectively referred to as “cryptocurrencies” in the consolidated financial statements. The Company primarily purchases cryptocurrencies to sell to customers.

The Company accounts for cryptocurrencies as indefinite-lived intangible assets in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 350, Intangibles - Goodwill and Other, and they are recorded on the Company’s consolidated Balance Sheets at cost, less any impairments. The Company has control and ownership over its cryptocurrencies which are stored in both our proprietary hot wallet and hot wallets hosted by a third party, BitGo, Inc.

The primary purpose of the Company’s operations is to buy and sell Bitcoin using the BTM kiosk network and other services. The Company does not engage in broker-dealer activities. The Company uses various exchanges and liquidity providers to purchase, liquidate and manage its bitcoin positions; however, this does not impact the accounting for these assets as intangible assets.

Impairment

Because the Company’s cryptocurrencies are accounted for as indefinite-lived intangible assets, the cryptocurrencies are tested for impairment annually or more frequently if events or changes in circumstances indicate it is more likely than not that the asset is impaired in accordance with ASC 350. The Company has determined that a decline in the quoted market price below the carrying value at any time during the assessed period is viewed as an impairment indicator because the cryptocurrencies are traded in active markets where there are observable prices. Therefore, the fair value is used to assess whether an impairment loss should be recorded. If the fair value of the cryptocurrency decreases below the initial cost basis or the carrying value at any time during the assessed period, an impairment charge is recognized at that time in cost of revenue (excluding depreciation and amortization). After an impairment loss is recognized, the adjusted carrying amount of the cryptocurrency becomes its new accounting basis and this new cost basis will not be adjusted upward for any subsequent increase in fair value. For purposes of measuring impairment on its cryptocurrencies, the Company determines the fair value of its cryptocurrency on a nonrecurring basis in accordance with ASC 820, Fair Value Measurement, based on quoted (unadjusted) prices on the Coinbase exchange, the active exchange that the Company has determined is its principal market (Level 1 inputs).

The Company purchases cryptocurrencies, which are held in the Company’s hot wallets, on a just in time basis to facilitate sales to customers and mitigate exposure to volatility in cryptocurrency prices. The Company sells its

 

9


LUX VENDING, LLC (DBA BITCOIN DEPOT)

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

DECEMBER 31, 2022, 2021 AND 2020

 

cryptocurrencies to its customers from its BTM Kiosks, OTC and BDCheckout locations in exchange for cash, for a prescribed transaction fee applied to the current market price of the cryptocurrency at the time of the transaction, plus a predetermined markup. When the cryptocurrency is sold to customers, the Company relieves the adjusted cost basis of its cryptocurrency, net of impairments, on a first-in, first-out basis within cost of revenue (excluding depreciation and amortization). In the fourth quarter of 2022, the Company discontinued the sale of ETH and LTC to its customers.

During the year ended December 31, 2021, the Company purchased quantities of cryptocurrencies in excess of expected sales that were subsequently sold to customers, sold on exchange or distributed to the Member. Upon disposition, the Company relieved the adjusted cost basis (net of impairments) of the cryptocurrencies with any gains recorded to cost of revenue (excluding depreciation and amortization).

The related cash flows from purchases and sales of cryptocurrencies are presented as cash flows from operating activities on the consolidated Statements of Cash Flows.

See Notes 2(i) and 2(j) to the consolidated financial statements for further information regarding the Company’s revenue recognition and cost of revenue related to the Company’s cryptocurrencies.

(f) Property and Equipment

Property and equipment are stated at cost, less accumulated depreciation. Finance leases (Capital leases in 2021) are stated at the present value of the future minimum lease payments, less accumulated depreciation. Expenditures for maintenance and repairs are expensed as incurred. The cost of assets sold, retired, or otherwise disposed of, and the related accumulated depreciation are eliminated from their respective accounts and any resulting gain or loss is recognized in the consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income upon disposition.

Depreciation of property and equipment is determined using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets, which are as follows:

 

Furniture and fixtures    7 years
Leasehold improvements    Lesser of estimated useful life or life of the lease
Kiosk machines - owned    5 years
Kiosk machines - leased    2-5 years
Vehicles    5 years

Depreciation expense for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020, totaled $17,269,578, $12,294,601 and $2,246,347, respectively.

(g) Impairment of Long-Lived Assets

Long-lived assets are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset group may not be fully recoverable. Recoverability of assets to be held and used is measured by a comparison of the carrying amount of the asset group to its fair value, which is normally determined through analysis of the future net cash flows expected to be generated by the asset group. If such asset group is considered to be impaired, the impairment to be recognized is measured by the amount that the carrying amount of the asset group exceeds the fair value of the asset group. There were no impairments of long-lived assets for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021.

 

10


LUX VENDING, LLC (DBA BITCOIN DEPOT)

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

DECEMBER 31, 2022, 2021 AND 2020

 

(h) Goodwill and Intangible Assets, net

Goodwill represents the excess of the consideration transferred over the estimated fair value of the acquired assets, assumed liabilities, and any noncontrolling interest in the acquired entity in a business combination. The Company tests for impairment at least annually, or more frequently if an event occurs or circumstances change that would more likely than not reduce the fair value of the reporting unit below its carrying value. The company performs their annual test for impairment as of December 31 at the reporting unit level. There was no impairment of goodwill for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021.

Intangible assets, net consist of tradenames, customer relationships, and software applications. Intangible assets with finite lives are amortized over their estimated lives and evaluated for impairment when an event or change in circumstances occurs that warrants such a review. Management periodically evaluates whether changes to estimated useful lives of intangible assets are necessary to ensure its estimates accurately reflect the economic use of the related intangible assets.

(i) Revenue Recognition

Kiosks, BDCheckout and OTC

Revenue is principally derived from the sale of cryptocurrencies at the point-of-sale on transactions initiated by customers. These customer-initiated transactions are governed by terms and conditions agreed to at the time of each point-of-sale transaction and do not extend beyond the transaction. The Company charges a fee at the transaction level. The transaction price for the customer is the price of the cryptocurrency, which is based on the exchange value at the time of the transaction, plus a markup, and a nominal flat fee. The exchange value is determined using real-time exchange prices and the markup percentage is determined by the Company and depends on the current market, competition, the geography of the location of the sale, and the method of purchase.

The Company’s revenue from contracts with customers is principally comprised of a single performance obligation to provide cryptocurrencies when customers buy cryptocurrencies at a BTM kiosk, through BDCheckout or directly via an over-the-counter (OTC) trade. BDCheckout sales are similar to sales from BTM kiosks in that customers buy cryptocurrencies with cash; however, the BDCheckout transactions are completed at the checkout counter of retail locations, initiated using the Bitcoin Depot mobile app instead of through the BTM kiosks. OTC sales are initiated and completed through the Company’s website. Regardless of the method by which the customer purchases the cryptocurrency, the Company considers its performance obligation satisfied when control of the cryptocurrency is transferred to the customer, which is at the point in time the cryptocurrency is transferred to the customer’s cryptocurrency wallet and the transaction validated on the blockchain.

The typical process time for our transactions with customers is 30 minutes or less. At period end, for reasons of operational practicality, the Company applies an accounting convention to use the date of the transaction, which corresponds to the timing of the cash received, for purposes of recognizing revenue. This accounting convention does not result in materially different revenue recognition from using the time the cryptocurrency has been transferred to the customer’s wallet and the transaction has been validated on the blockchain (see Note 5).

In a limited number of BTM kiosks, the Company has the technology to allow customers the ability to sell their cryptocurrencies to the Company. In these limited cases, the Company receives the customer’s cryptocurrencies in the Company’s hot wallet, and the kiosk dispenses USD to the selling customer. Because all orders are processed within a very short time frame (typically within minutes), no orders are pending when the customer receives cash upon completion of the transaction at the kiosk. Revenue is recognized at the time when the cash is

 

11


LUX VENDING, LLC (DBA BITCOIN DEPOT)

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

DECEMBER 31, 2022, 2021 AND 2020

 

dispensed to the customer. The cryptocurrencies received are initially accounted for at cost and reflected in Cryptocurrencies on the consolidated Balance Sheets, net of impairments.

Judgment is required in determining whether the Company is the principal or the agent in transactions with customers. The Company evaluates the presentation of revenue on a gross or net basis based on whether it controls the cryptocurrency before control is transferred to the customer (gross) or whether it acts as an agent by arranging for other customers on the platform to provide the cryptocurrency to the customer (net). The Company controls the cryptocurrency before control is transferred to the customer, has ownership risk related to the cryptocurrency (including market price volatility), sets the transaction fee to be charged, and is responsible for transferring the cryptocurrency to the customer upon purchase. Therefore, the Company is the principal in transactions with customers and presents revenue and cost of revenue (excluding depreciation and amortization) from the sale of cryptocurrencies on a gross basis.

Software Services

As a result of the acquisition of BitAccess Inc. in July 2021 (see Note 9), the Company generates revenue from contracts with third-party BTM operators to provide software services that enables these customers to operate their own BTM kiosks and facilitate customer cash-to-cryptocurrency transactions. In exchange for these software services, the Company earns a variable fee equal to a percentage of the cash value of the transactions processed by the kiosks using the software during the month, paid in BTC. The Company has determined that the software services are a single, series performance obligation to provide continuous access to the transaction processing system that is simultaneously provided to and consumed by the customer. Each day of the service periods comprises a distinct, stand-ready service that is substantially the same and with the same pattern of transfer to the customer as all the other days. The Company allocates the variable service fees earned to each distinct service period on the basis that (a) each variable service fee earned relates specifically to the entity’s efforts to provide the software services during that period and (b) allocation of the variable fee entirely to the distinct period in which the transaction giving rise to the fee occurred is consistent with the allocation objective in ASC 606. Accordingly, the Company allocates and recognizes variable software services revenue in the period in which the transactions giving rise to the earned variable fee occur.

BitAccess also generates revenue by selling kiosk hardware to BTM operators in exchange for cash. Hardware revenue is recognized at a point-in-time when the hardware is shipped to the customer and control is transferred to the customer. When customers pay in advance for the kiosk hardware, the Company records deferred revenue until the hardware is delivered and control is transferred to the customer. Hardware and software services are generally sold separately from each other and are distinct from each other.

The Company has considered whether its contracts with BitAccess customers for software services are themselves derivative contracts or contain an embedded derivative in accordance with ASC 815 - Derivatives and Hedging, because the Company elects to receive BTC as payment for these software fees. The Company determined that the contracts are not themselves derivative contracts in their entirety but do contain an embedded derivative for the right to receive the USD denominated receivable in BTC as settlement. Due to the immaterial amount of BTC not received as settlement of receivables from customers at each month end and because the fair value of the embedded derivative was determined to be de minimis, the Company has not separately disclosed the fair value of the embedded derivative in the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

 

12


LUX VENDING, LLC (DBA BITCOIN DEPOT)

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

DECEMBER 31, 2022, 2021 AND 2020

 

(j) Cost of Revenue (excluding depreciation and amortization)

The Company’s cost of revenue consists primarily of direct costs related to selling cryptocurrencies and operating the Company’s network of kiosks. The cost of revenue (excluding depreciation and amortization) caption includes cryptocurrency expenses, floorspace expenses, and kiosk operations expenses.

Cryptocurrency expenses

Cryptocurrency expenses include the cost of cryptocurrencies, fees paid to obtain cryptocurrencies, impairment of cryptocurrencies, gains on sales of cryptocurrencies on exchange, fees paid to operate the software on the BTM kiosks, and fees paid to transfer cryptocurrencies to customers.

Floorspace lease expenses

Floorspace lease expenses include lease expense for short-term, cancellable floorspace leases related to the placement of BTM kiosks in retail locations.

Kiosk Operations expenses

Kiosk operations expenses include the cost of kiosk repair and maintenance and the cost of armored trucks to collect and transport cash deposited into the BTM kiosks.

The Company presents cost of revenue in the consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income exclusive of depreciation related to BTM kiosks and amortization of intangible assets related to software applications, tradenames and customer relationships.

(k) Advertising

The Company expenses advertising costs as incurred. Advertising expenses were $4,235,384, $5,371,911 and $1,357,051 for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020, respectively, and are included in general, selling and administrative expenses in the consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income.

(l) Foreign Currency

The functional currency of the Company is the U.S. Dollar. The functional currency of Express Vending, Inc. is the Canadian Dollar. All revenue, cost and expense accounts are translated at an average of exchange rates in effect during the year. Assets and liabilities recorded in foreign currencies are translated at the exchange rate as of the balance sheet date. The resulting translation adjustments are recorded as a separate component of Member’s equity, identified as accumulated other comprehensive loss. As a result of the continued integration during 2022 of BitAccess, the Company’s controlled Canadian subsidiary, the Company determined that the functional currency was the U.S. dollar. Accordingly, assets and liabilities of BitAccess, Inc. are remeasured into U.S. dollars at the exchange rates in effect at the reporting date with differences recorded as transactions gains and losses within other income (expense), net within the Statement of Income and Comprehensive Income.

(m) Income Taxes

Since its formation, and until the restructuring discussed in the following sentence, Lux Vending, LLC. was taxed as an S Corporation. On November 13, 2020, the sole Member of Lux Vending, LLC contributed 100% of its LLC interest into a newly formed Corporation, BT Assets, Inc. On November 13, 2020, BT Assets, Inc. elected to be taxed as an S Corporation and the Company elected to be taxed as an S Corporation subsidiary.

 

13


LUX VENDING, LLC (DBA BITCOIN DEPOT)

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

DECEMBER 31, 2022, 2021 AND 2020

 

In addition to Lux Vending, LLC’s subsidiary, Mintz Assets, Inc., which owns Express Vending, Inc., a Canadian subsidiary, the Company formed two additional subsidiaries in 2021, Intuitive Software, LLC., which is treated as a corporation for federal income tax purposes, and Digital Gold, a Canadian corporation wholly owned by Intuitive Software, LLC. For 2022, 2021 and 2020, there was no activity for Mintz Assets, Inc., and no activity in 2022 and 2021 for Intuitive Software, LLC and Digital Gold. As such, there were no federal income taxes for these entities.

In 2021, the Company, through its subsidiary Digital Gold, acquired a controlling interest in BitAccess Inc., which is taxed as a Canadian corporation.

Deferred taxes are recognized for future tax consequences attributable to differences between the consolidated financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax basis and net operating loss carryforwards. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect of any tax rate change on deferred taxes is recognized in the period that includes the enactment date of the tax rate change. Realization of deferred tax assets is assessed on an annual basis and, unless a deferred tax asset is more likely than not to be utilized, a valuation allowance is recorded to write down the deferred tax assets to their net realizable value.

In assessing the realizability of deferred income tax assets, management considers whether it is more-likely-than-not that some portion or all of the deferred income tax assets will be realized. The ultimate realization of deferred income tax assets is dependent upon the generation of future taxable income during the periods in which those deductible temporary differences reverse. Management considers the scheduled reversal of deferred income tax liabilities, projected future taxable income, and tax planning strategies in making this assessment. For Express Vending, Inc. it is more-likely-than-not that future taxable income will not be generated to recognize the deferred tax asset. As such, the Company has recorded a full valuation allowance to offset its impact.

In addition, management has assessed tax positions of the Company and determined that it meets the minimum probability threshold which is defined as a tax position that is more-likely-than-not to be sustained upon examination by the applicable taxing authority. The Company is not aware of any Federal, State, or Canadian notices or audits. There have been no tax planning strategies or tax positions taken on the Federal, State, or Canadian tax returns that would result in an uncertain tax position.

The Company is no longer subject to income tax examinations for the tax years prior to 2019.

(n) Fair Value of Financial Instruments

Certain assets and liabilities are reported or disclosed at fair value. Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date in the Company’s principal market for such transactions. If the Company has not established a principal market for such transactions, fair value is determined based on the most advantageous market. The Company uses a three-level hierarchy that prioritizes fair value measurements based on the types of inputs used for the various valuation techniques. The three levels of the fair value hierarchy are described below:

 

  •    Level 1:

Quoted (unadjusted) prices in active markets that are accessible at the measurement date for identical, unrestricted assets or liabilities.

 

  •    Level 2:

Inputs other than quoted prices that are either directly or indirectly observable, such as quoted prices in active markets for similar assets or liabilities, quoted prices for identical or

 

14


LUX VENDING, LLC (DBA BITCOIN DEPOT)

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

DECEMBER 31, 2022, 2021 AND 2020

 

  similar assets or liabilities in inactive markets, or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities.

 

  •    Level 3:

Inputs that are generally unobservable, supported by little or no market activity, and typically reflect management’s estimates of assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability.

The categorization of an asset or liability within the fair value hierarchy is based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. The valuation techniques used by the Company when measuring fair value maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs.

(o) Share-Based Compensation

The Company maintains an equity award plan under which the officers and employees of BitAccess Inc. may be awarded various types of share-based compensation, including options to purchase shares of BitAccess Inc.’s common stock and restricted stock units. The Company recognizes share-based compensation expense associated with these awards on a straight-line basis over the award’s requisite service period (generally the vesting period). For stock options, share-based compensation expense is based on the fair value of the awards on the date of grant, as estimated using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. For restricted stock units, the share-based compensation expense is based on the estimated fair value of BitAccess Inc.’s common stock on the date of grant. Forfeitures are accounted for at the time the forfeiture occurs. See Note 14 for further information regarding the equity award plan, related share-based compensation expense and assumptions used in determining the fair value of the awards.

(p) Segment Reporting

Operating segments are defined as components of an entity for which separate financial information is available and that is regularly reviewed by the Chief Operating Decision Maker (the “CODM”) in deciding how to allocate resources to an individual segment and in assessing performance. The Company’s Chief Executive Officer is the Company’s CODM. The CODM reviews financial information presented on a global, consolidated basis for purposes of making operating decisions, allocating resources, and evaluating financial performance. As such, the Company has determined that it operates as one operating segment and one reportable segment.

(q) Earnings Per Share

Earnings per share information has not been presented for the years ending December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020 as the information would not be meaningful to the users based on the Company’s ownership structure as of the date of these consolidated financial statements.

(r) Litigation

The Company assesses legal contingencies in accordance with ASC 450 - Contingencies and determines whether a legal contingency is probable, reasonably possible or remote. When contingencies become probable and can be reasonably estimated, the Company records an estimate of the probable loss. When contingencies are considered probable or reasonably possible but cannot be reasonably estimated, the Company discloses the contingency when the probable or reasonably possible loss could be material. Legal costs are expensed in the period in which the costs are incurred.

 

15


LUX VENDING, LLC (DBA BITCOIN DEPOT)

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

DECEMBER 31, 2022, 2021 AND 2020

 

(3) Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In February 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842), which requires lessees to recognize leases on-balance sheet and disclose key information about leasing arrangements. The new standard establishes a right-of-use model (ROU) that requires a lessee to recognize an ROU asset and lease liability on the balance sheet for all leases with a term longer than 12 months. Leases will be classified as finance or operating, with classification affecting the pattern and classification of expense recognition in the income statement. The Company adopted the new guidance effective for its fiscal year beginning January 1, 2022, as described further in Note 17.

In December 2019, the FASB issued ASU No. 2019-12, Income Taxes—Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes. The guidance eliminates certain exceptions related to the approach for intraperiod tax allocation, the methodology for calculating income taxes in an interim period, and the recognition of deferred tax liabilities for outside basis differences related to changes in ownership of equity method investments and foreign subsidiaries. The guidance also simplifies aspects of accounting for franchise taxes and enacted changes in tax laws or rates and clarifies the accounting for transactions that result in a step-up in the tax basis of goodwill. We adopted the standard effective January 1, 2021. Adoption of the standard did not have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.

(4) Related Party Transactions

During the first six months of 2022, the Company distributed an aggregate of 2,760 ETH from the Cryptocurrencies on the Consolidated Balance Sheet with a total cost basis of $4,566,713 to its Member. On November 3, 2022, the Member contributed 2,021 ETH to the Company at a cost basis of $1,778,041. The contributed ETH was recorded at the adjusted cost basis, reflecting the impact of impairments during the period in which the Member held the assets, as the transfer of the assets represented a common control transaction. These capital transactions with the owner are reflected as contributions and distributions in the Consolidated Statements of Changes in Member’s Equity.

Immediately thereafter, the contributed ETH was sold by the Company on exchange to third parties for total cash proceeds of $3,088,128, resulting in a gain on sale of $1,310,087 which is reflected in Cost of revenue (excluding depreciation and amortization) on the Consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income. The cash flows from these transactions are classified as cash inflows from operations on the Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows.

As of December 31, 2022, the Company did not hold any of the contributed ETH and did not have any amounts due from or to the Member for any transactions on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. In addition, there was no impact of the related party transactions on the Consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income for the year ended December 31, 2022.

Total cash distributions made to the Member during the year ended December 31, 2022 were $11,353,485 and are classified as cash outflows from financing activities in the Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows.

 

16


LUX VENDING, LLC (DBA BITCOIN DEPOT)

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

DECEMBER 31, 2022, 2021 AND 2020

 

(5) Revenue

Revenue disaggregated by revenue stream is as follows for the years ended December 31:

 

     2022      2021      2020  

BTM Kiosks

   $ 639,965,432      $ 538,434,694      $ 244,432,545  

BDCheckout

     691,736        —          —    

OTC

     2,080,000        7,271,077        652,191  

Company Website

     173,088        167,673        46,464  

Software Services

     3,184,957        1,799,637        —    

Hardware Revenue

     735,195        1,307,022        —    
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total Revenue

   $ 646,830,408      $ 548,980,103      $ 245,131,200  
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

The net impact to revenue arising from cryptocurrency transactions where control did not transfer to the customer was an increase in revenue of $57,726 a reduction of revenue of $22,579 and a reduction of revenue of $64,538 for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020, respectively.

(6) Cost of Revenue (Excluding Depreciation and Amortization)

Cost of Revenue (excluding depreciation and amortization) is comprised of expenses associated with selling of cryptocurrencies and operating the Company’s BTM kiosks, excluding depreciation and amortization. The following table presents cost of revenue (excluding depreciation and amortization) by category for the years ended December 31:

 

     2022      2021      2020  

Cryptocurrency expenses

   $ 519,347,271      $ 462,938,510      $ 206,669,265  

Floorspace lease expenses

     39,764,569        21,008,045        3,967,276  

Kiosk operations expenses

     15,422,663        9,007,257        3,401,910  
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total Cost of Revenue (excluding depreciation and amortization reported separately)

   $ 574,534,503      $ 492,953,812      $ 214,038,451  
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

The following table presents the components of cryptocurrency expenses for the years ended December 31:

 

     2022      2021      2020  

Cost of Cryptocurrency (1) - BTM Kiosk

   $ 513,951,422      $ 450,607,179      $ 202,467,969  

Cost of Cryptocurrency (1) - OTC

     1,958,110        6,340,983        622,350  

Cost of Cryptocurrency (1) - BDCheckout

     594,764        —          —    

Software Processing Fees

     2,518,581        4,389,713        2,594,043  

Exchange Fees

     119,020        308,720        223,233  

Mining Fees

     195,483        1,291,915        761,670  

Software Processing Fee - BDCheckout

     9,891        —          —    
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total cryptocurrency expenses

   $ 519,347,271      $ 462,938,510      $ 206,669,265  
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

(1)

Cost of Cryptocurrency includes impairment losses recognized on cryptocurrencies net of any gains recognized from sales of cryptocurrencies on an exchange. Impairment of $6,821,027, $12,648,836 and $2,138,916, were offset by gains from the sale of cryptocurrencies on exchange of $2,283,871, $915,146 and $0 for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020, respectively.

 

17


LUX VENDING, LLC (DBA BITCOIN DEPOT)

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

DECEMBER 31, 2022, 2021 AND 2020

 

The Company presents cost of revenue in the consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income exclusive of depreciation related to BTM kiosks and amortization of intangible assets related to software applications, tradenames and customer relationships.

The following table reconciles amounts excluded from the cost of revenue (excluding depreciation and amortization) line in the consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income included in total depreciation and amortization expense in the consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income for the period presented:

 

     2022      2021      2020  

Depreciation of owned BTM kiosks

   $ 3,474,270      $ 2,053,148      $ 2,188,951  

Depreciation of leased BTM kiosks

     13,729,111        10,217,454        —    

Amortization of intangible assets

     1,513,527        713,224        —    
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total depreciation and amortization excluded from cost of revenue

     18,716,908        12,983,826        2,188,951  
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Other depreciation and amortization included in operating expenses

     66,197        56,903        57,396  
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total depreciation and amortization

   $ 18,783,105      $ 13,040,729      $ 2,246,347  
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

(7) Fair Value Measurements

Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis

The following table sets forth by level, within the fair value hierarchy, the Company’s assets and liabilities measured and recorded at fair value on a recurring basis:

 

     December 31,
2021
     Quoted
price in
active
markets
for
identical
assets
(Level 1)
     Significant
other
observable
inputs
(Level 2)
     Significant
unobservable
inputs
(Level 3)
 

Recurring fair value measurements:

           

Contingent consideration

   $ 2,879,000      $ —        $ —        $ 2,879,000  
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total recurring fair value measurements

   $ 2,879,000      $ —        $ —        $ 2,879,000  
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

The Company did not have any assets or liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of December 31, 2022.

 

18


LUX VENDING, LLC (DBA BITCOIN DEPOT)

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

DECEMBER 31, 2022, 2021 AND 2020

 

Contingent Consideration

The following table presents the changes in the estimated fair value of the contingent consideration liability measured using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) for the years ended December 31:

 

     2022      2021  

Balance, beginning of period

   $ 2,879,000      $ —    

Fair value recorded in connection with acquisition

     —          2,879,000  

Change in fair value during the period

     961,708        —    

Payment made during the period

     (2,000,000      —    
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Balance, end of period

   $ 1,840,708      $ 2,879,000  
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Contingent consideration related to the BitAccess acquisition (Note 9) was measured at the probability-weighted fair value at the date of acquisition which was estimated by applying an income valuation approach based on Level 3 inputs consisting primarily of a discount rate and probability of achieving the performance metrics. In July 2022, the Company made the first year payment of $2,000,000 to the former owners of BitAccess as the performance conditions were determined to have been met. In addition, the Company amended the contingent consideration arrangement to remove the performance conditions for the second year payment such that the full $2,000,000 related to the second year payment will be paid out in accordance with the agreement on July 31, 2023. As such, the contingent consideration liability as of December 31, 2022 is no longer a Level 3 fair value measurement as the contingency has been removed. The current portion of the contingent consideration due has been recorded in earn-out liability, current, in the accompanying consolidated Balance Sheet as of December 31, 2022 at present value using a 15% discount rate. The change in fair value of the contingent consideration is recognized in interest expense in the consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income for the year ended December 31, 2022. The difference between the recorded fair value of the payments and the ultimate payments amounts was not material to any period.

Changes in the estimated fair value of the contingent consideration liability as of December 31, 2021, were not material. The current and long-term portions of the contingent consideration have been recorded in accrued expenses and earn-out liability, net of current portion, respectively, in the accompanying consolidated Balance Sheet as of December 31, 2021.

Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Non-recurring Basis

The Company’s non-financial assets, such as goodwill, intangible assets, property and equipment, operating lease right-of-use assets, and cryptocurrencies are adjusted down to fair value when an impairment charge is recognized. Certain fair value measurements are based predominantly on Level 3 inputs. No impairment charges related to goodwill, intangible assets, and property and equipment have been recognized for the periods ended December 31, 2022. Fair value of cryptocurrencies are based on Level 1 inputs. The carrying value of our cryptocurrency reflects any impairment charges recorded during the year with cumulative impairment charges since its purchase or receipt.

Assets and Liabilities Not Measured and Recorded at Fair Value

The Company considers the carrying value of cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable and accrued expenses (excluding contingent consideration) in the consolidated financial statements to approximate fair value due to their short maturities.

 

19


LUX VENDING, LLC (DBA BITCOIN DEPOT)

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

DECEMBER 31, 2022, 2021 AND 2020

 

The Company estimates the fair value of its fixed-rate notes payable based on quoted prices in markets that are not active, which is considered a Level 2 valuation input. As of December 31, 2022, the estimated fair value of the fixed-rated note was approximately $41,557,000 and the carrying value was $37,571,642.

(8) Member’s Equity

Articles of Incorporation

Under the articles of incorporation, all of the Company’s membership interest was held by an individual member. On November 13, 2020, the individual member of the Company contributed 100% of the interest held into a newly formed Corporation, BT Assets, Inc. (the “sole Member”), which is 100% owned by the individual member. On November 13, 2020, BT Assets, Inc. elected to be taxed as an S Corporation and the Company elected to be taxed as an S Corporation subsidiary of BT Assets, Inc. The Company can make distributions in cash or other property to the Member at the sole discretion of the Member.

Noncontrolling Interest

In July 2021, the Company obtained a controlling interest in BitAccess Inc. in a business combination (see Note 9). The remaining, un-affiliated interest in BitAccess Inc. is reported as Noncontrolling interest in subsidiary in the accompanying consolidated financial statements. As of December 31, 2022 and 2021, the noncontrolling interest ownership was 15.31% and 5.95%, respectively.

The noncontrolling interest holders have certain rights as defined in the Amended and Restated Shareholders Agreement, including the right, but not the obligation, to cause the Company to purchase the noncontrolling interest immediately prior to a liquidity event (as defined in the Amended and Restated Shareholders Agreement) at the fair value of the noncontrolling interest as of the liquidity event. The right is not mandatorily redeemable. The Company also holds a right, but not an obligation, to cause the noncontrolling interest holders to sell the noncontrolling interest under the same conditions.

The Noncontrolling interest holders participate in the operating results of BitAccess Inc. based on their respective ownership percentages in BitAccess Inc.

(9) Acquisition of BitAccess Inc.

On July 20, 2021, the Company entered into an Equity Interest Purchase Agreement (“EIPA”) with BitAccess Inc. (“BitAccess”), a Canadian Corporation, whereby the Company purchased approximately 94% of the equity interest in BitAccess to expand the Company’s market presence into a new customer base, augment its product offerings, and gain access to new technology.

The purchase price included a contingent consideration arrangement with a probability-weighted fair value of $2,879,000 that requires the Company to pay the former owners of BitAccess up to a maximum amount of $4,000,000 (undiscounted) over a two-year period from the acquisition date through July 31, 2023. The contingent consideration is based on targets outlined in the EIPA, and the fair value of the contingent consideration arrangement of $2,879,000 was estimated by applying an income valuation approach. That measure is based on inputs that are not observable in the market, or Level 3 inputs (see Note 2(n)), and includes a present value discount rate and a probability-adjusted level of revenues from sales to BitAccess customers. In July 2022, the Company made a $2,000,000 payment of contingent consideration to the former owners of BitAccess. In addition, the Company amended the contingent consideration arrangement to remove the performance conditions for the second

 

20


LUX VENDING, LLC (DBA BITCOIN DEPOT)

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

DECEMBER 31, 2022, 2021 AND 2020

 

year payment such that the full $2,000,000 related to the second year will be paid out in accordance with the agreement on July 31, 2023. The contingent consideration due, all of which is current, was recorded in earnout liability in the accompanying consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2022. For 2021, the current portion and non-current portion of the contingent consideration have been recorded in earn-out liability and earn-out liability, non-current, respectively, in the accompanying consolidated Balance Sheet.

The transaction was accounted for as a business combination as the Company obtained control of the entity and the remaining noncontrolling interests do not have substantive participation rights. The purchase consideration was allocated to the assets and liabilities, including intangible assets, based on their respective fair values at the date of acquisition. The excess was recorded as goodwill.

Intangible assets consist of tradenames, software applications, and customer relationships. The tradenames, software applications, and customer relationships have a five-year estimated life, and the goodwill will be evaluated annually as of December 31 for impairment, as discussed in Note 2(h). Goodwill is not deductible for income tax purposes.

The following table presents the allocation of the purchase consideration, to the tangible and intangible assets acquired, liabilities assumed, and noncontrolling interests based on their fair values:

 

Cash

   $ 720,836  

Cryptocurrencies

     52,404  

Accounts receivable

     106,152  

Inventory

     391,011  

Prepaid expenses and other current assets

     783,299  

Property and equipment, fair value

     27,021  

Tradenames

     1,233,000  

Software applications

     3,771,000  

Customer relationships

     2,574,000  

Goodwill

     8,720,571  
  

 

 

 

Total assets acquired

     18,379,294  
  

 

 

 

 

Less:

  

Accounts payable

     493,169  

Accrued expenses

     57,532  

Deferred tax liability

     1,877,449  

Debt assumed

     15,772  
  

 

 

 

Total liabilities assumed

     2,443,922  
  

 

 

 

Total fair value

     15,935,372  
  

 

 

 

Less fair value of noncontrolling interest

     (948,154
  

 

 

 

Total purchase consideration

   $ 14,987,218  
  

 

 

 

The Company incurred acquisition-related costs of $258,025 for the year ended December 31, 2021. These costs are included in general, selling, and administrative expenses on the consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income.

The consolidated financial statements include the operating results of BitAccess Inc. from the date of acquisition through December 31, 2021 and were not material to the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

 

21


LUX VENDING, LLC (DBA BITCOIN DEPOT)

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

DECEMBER 31, 2022, 2021 AND 2020

 

(10) Cryptocurrencies

Cryptocurrencies are accounted for as indefinite-lived intangible assets and are recognized at cost, net of impairment losses. Impairments are recorded whenever the fair value of the cryptocurrency decreases at any time below its initial cost basis or carrying value during the assessed period. After an impairment loss is recognized, the adjusted carrying amount of the cryptocurrency becomes its new accounting basis and this new adjusted cost basis will not be adjusted upward for any subsequent increase in fair value.

The carrying values of cryptocurrencies were the following at December 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021:

 

Cryptocurrency

   2022      2021  

BTC

   $ 522,987      $ 563,076  

ETH

     8,990        5,988,566  

LTC

     7,919        6,112  
  

 

 

    

 

 

 
   $ 539,896      $ 6,557,754  
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

The following table presents additional information about the adjusted cost basis of cryptocurrencies:

 

December 31, 2022

   BTC      ETH      LTC      Total  

Beginning balance

   $ 563,076      $ 5,988,566      $ 6,112      $ 6,557,754  

Purchases or receipts of cryptocurrencies

     520,486,806        2,422,541        2,510,302        525,419,649  

Cost of cryptocurrencies sold or distributed

     (513,750,166      (8,395,147      (2,471,167      (524,616,480

Impairment of cryptocurrencies

     (6,776,729      (6,970      (37,328      (6,821,027
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Ending Balance

   $ 522,987      $ 8,990      $ 7,919      $ 539,896  
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

December 31, 2021

   BTC      ETH      LTC      Total  

Beginning balance

   $ 308,478      $ 50,360      $ 12,987      $ 371,825  

Purchases or receipts of cryptocurrencies

     458,131,069        11,825,336        2,662,312        472,618,717  

Cost of cryptocurrencies sold or distributed

     (447,626,129      (3,551,331      (2,606,492      (453,783,952

Impairment of cryptocurrencies

     (10,250,342      (2,335,799      (62,695      (12,648,836
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Ending Balance

   $ 563,076      $ 5,988,566      $ 6,112      $ 6,557,754  
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Purchases of cryptocurrencies represent the cash paid by the Company to purchase cryptocurrencies on various exchanges and from liquidity providers and related transaction costs to acquire the cryptocurrencies, as well as any receipts of cryptocurrency sold to Bitcoin Depot by customers to the Company at the kiosks and paid to the Company for software services revenue. Costs of cryptocurrencies sold or distributed represents the cost basis of purchased cryptocurrencies, net of impairment costs recorded through the date of disposition.

 

22


LUX VENDING, LLC (DBA BITCOIN DEPOT)

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

DECEMBER 31, 2022, 2021 AND 2020

 

(11) Goodwill and Intangible Assets, net

Intangible assets, net were comprised of the following at December 31, 2022:

 

     Estimated
life
     Cost Basis      Accumulated
Amortization
    Net      Remaining
Weighted-Average
Amortization
Period
 

Tradenames

     5 years        1,233,000        (362,310     870,690        3.54  

Customer relationships

     5 years        2,574,000        (756,355     1,817,645        3.54  

Software applications

     5 years        3,771,000        (1,108,086     2,662,914        3.54  
     

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

    
            $7,578,000      $(2,226,751)     $5,351,249         
     

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

    

Intangible assets, net were comprised of the following at December 31, 2021:

 

     Estimated
life
     Cost Basis      Accumulated
Amortization
    Net      Remaining
Weighted-Average
Amortization
Period
 

Tradenames

     5 years        1,233,000        (116,047     1,116,953        4.54  

Customer relationships

     5 years        2,574,000        (242,259     2,331,741        4.54  

Software applications

     5 years        3,771,000        (354,918     3,416,082        4.54  
     

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

    
            $7,578,000      $(713,224)     $6,864,776         
     

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

    

Amortization expense related to the intangibles with estimated lives of five years totaled $1,513,527, $713,224 and $0 for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020, respectively, and is included in depreciation and amortization in the consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income.

Estimated future amortization expense is approximately as follows:

 

Year Ending December 31,

   Amount  

2023

   $ 1,515,600  

2024

     1,515,600  

2025

     1,515,600  

2026

     804,449  
  

 

 

 
   $ 5,351,249  
  

 

 

 

The change in the net amount of goodwill for the year ended December 31, 2021 was as follows:

 

     Amount  

Goodwill - January 1, 2021

   $ —    

Goodwill resulting from the acquisition of BitAccess

     8,720,571  

Changes in goodwill due to foreign currency translation

     (3,283
  

 

 

 

Goodwill - December 31, 2021

   $ 8,717,288  
  

 

 

 

There was no change in the amount of goodwill for the year ended December 31, 2022.

In August 2022, the Company terminated a contract with the largest customer of BitAccess, and migrated substantially all of its legacy BTMs from a third-party service provided to the BitAccess platform. The Company

 

23


LUX VENDING, LLC (DBA BITCOIN DEPOT)

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

DECEMBER 31, 2022, 2021 AND 2020

 

determined that the termination of a significant customer represented a triggering event and performed an impairment assessment as of the termination date. The assessment did not result in an impairment as of the termination date.

(12) Note Payable

On December 21, 2020, the Company entered into a $25,000,000 credit agreement with a financial institution which is subject to annual interest at a rate of 15% per annum (the “Note”). In 2021, the Note was amended to provide an additional $15,000,000 to fund the acquisition of BitAccess Inc. In March 2022, the Note was amended to provide an additional term loan in an aggregate principal amount of $5,000,000. The Company is required to make monthly interest payments and fixed principal payments every six months beginning on July 15, 2021 through December 15, 2024. The Note matures on December 15, 2024, at which time, any outstanding principal balance and any accrued interest become due. The Note is collateralized by substantially all of the assets of the Company and is guaranteed by BT Assets, Inc. (the sole Member of the Company), Mintz Assets, Inc., Express Vending, Inc., Intuitive Software, LLC, Digital Gold Ventures, Inc. and BitAccess Inc. The Company is subject to certain financial covenants contained in the Note, which require the Company to maintain certain cash balances, a minimum consolidated cash interest coverage ratio, and a maximum consolidated total leverage ratio, in addition to customary administrative covenants. As of December 31, 2022 and 2021, the Company was in compliance with all financial covenants.

Note payable consisted of the following at December 31:

 

     2022      2021  

Note payable

     39,419,000        38,950,000  

Less: unamortized deferred financing costs

     (1,847,358      (2,248,464
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total Note payable

     37,571,642        36,701,536  

Less: current portion of note payable

     (8,050,000      (3,200,000
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Note payable, net of current portion

   $ 29,521,642      $ 33,501,536  
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

At December 31, 2022, aggregate future principal payments are as follows:

 

Year Ended

   Amount  

2023

   $ 8,050,000  

2024

     31,369,000  
  

 

 

 
   $ 39,419,000  
  

 

 

 

 

24


LUX VENDING, LLC (DBA BITCOIN DEPOT)

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

DECEMBER 31, 2022, 2021 AND 2020

 

(13) Income Taxes

The Company’s provision for income taxes related to state and foreign income taxes on its taxable subsidiaries consisted of the following for the year ended December 31:

 

     2022      2021  

Current tax (expense):

     

State

   $ (646,629    $ (50,795

Canada

     —          (164,962
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Current provision for income taxes

     (646,629      (215,757
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Deferred tax (expense) benefit:

     

State

     (26,040      86,716  

Canada

     277,890        300,205  
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Deferred provision for income taxes

     251,850        386,921  
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Net provision for income taxes

   $ (394,779    $ 171,164  
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Due to the immateriality of state income and franchise taxes in 2020, no provision for taxes was recorded.

The Company’s statutory U.S. federal income tax rate is 0% as Lux Vending, LLC is taxed as an S corporation. The effective tax rate of 9.65% differs from the statutory U.S. federal rate of 21% primarily because of the election to be taxed as an S corporation and is also driven by the operating losses in foreign entities. The operating losses in BitAccess Inc. are expected to be recoverable in future years based on the projected financial results for BitAccess Inc. The net operating losses in Express Vending, Inc. are not expected to be recoverable in future years. The reconciliation of the income tax expense (benefit) is computed at the U.S. federal statutory rate as follows:

 

     2022     2021  

At U.S. statutory tax rate

     21.00     21.00

State income taxes

     9.88     -1.01

Foreign rate differential

     4.90     0.81

Pass-through loss/(income)

     -45.74     -23.85

Current year permanent differences

     12.30    
—  
 

Change in valuation allowance

     4.53    
—  
 

Other

     2.78    
0.07

  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total

     9.65     -2.98
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

25


LUX VENDING, LLC (DBA BITCOIN DEPOT)

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

DECEMBER 31, 2022, 2021 AND 2020

 

The tax effects of temporary differences that give rise to significant portions of the deferred income tax liability consisted of the following at December 31:

 

     2022      2021  

Deferred tax assets:

     

Share-based compensation

   $ —        $ 125,109  

Property and equipment

     100,976        86,716  

Other

     181,275        —    

Canadian net operating losses

     122,116        89,585  
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total deferred tax assets

     404,367        301,410  
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Valuation allowance

     (224,964      (17,127
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total deferred tax assets, net of valuation allowance

     179,403        284,283  
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Deferred tax liabilities:

     

Property and equipment

     —          (72,458

Intangibles

     (1,418,081      (1,700,748

Other

     —          (1,606
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total deferred tax liabilities

     (1,418,081      (1,774,812
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Net deferred tax liabilities

   $ (1,238,678    $ (1,490,529
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

The Company believes that a portion of the Canadian net operating loss carryforwards will not be realized. Accordingly, a valuation allowance has been established in the amount of $224,964 against such benefits at December 31, 2022 compared to $17,127 at December 31, 2021. The increase in valuation allowance of $207,837 in 2022 is primarily related to additional Canadian net operating loss generated during the year.

In lieu of federal corporate income taxes, the Member is taxed on its proportionate share of the Company’s taxable income. Therefore, no provision for US federal income taxes has been included in the consolidated financial statements. For state income and franchise tax purposes, certain states impose an entity-level tax on the Company. At December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020, the Company has recorded $646,629, $50,795 and $0 for state income taxes in 2022, 2021 and 2020, respectively, recorded in income tax (expense) benefit on the Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income.

The Company generated net operating loss carryforwards for tax purposes of $383,969 in Canada which can be carried forward to offset future taxable income.

The Company has not been notified of any Canadian, Federal, or State notices or audits. For U.S. State tax, the company filed a Private Letter Ruling Request with the State of Texas related to the computation of Texas Franchise tax. For the year ended December 31, 2022, the Company recorded an uncertain tax position with respect to Texas Franchise tax in the amount of $247,804, until the issue is resolved with the state. Management has determined that there are no uncertain tax positions to be recognized for the year ended December 31, 2021. The Company’s policy is to include interest and penalties, if any, within the provision for taxes in the consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income. To date, there have been no interest or penalties incurred in relation to unrecognized tax benefits.

 

26


LUX VENDING, LLC (DBA BITCOIN DEPOT)

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

DECEMBER 31, 2022, 2021 AND 2020

 

(14) Share-Based Compensation

BitAccess Inc. maintains a stock option plan for its employees under the Amended and Restated Stock Option Plan, (the “Plan”). Pursuant to the Plan agreement, awards of stock options and restricted stock units (“RSU”) are permitted to be made to employees and shareholders of BitAccess Inc. As of December 31, 2022, all shares of BitAccess Inc.’s common stock available under the Plan were issued.

In connection with the acquisition of BitAccess Inc. (see Note 9), the Plan was amended to terminate existing unvested options and restricted shares held by BitAccess Inc.’s shareholders and employees and provided them with replacement awards for 545,853 new unvested stock options to purchase common shares in BitAccess, Inc. with a $0 exercise price. The options generally vest over a two-year period following the one-year anniversary of the date of grant and expire not more than 10 years from the date of grant.

A summary of the Company’s stock option activity and related information is as follows:

 

     Options     Weighted-average
exercise price
    Weighted-average
remaining
contractual term
     Weighted-average
grant-date fair
value
 

Outstanding at January 1, 2022

     308,253     $ —         9.55      $ 4.44  

Granted

     84,380       2.86       9.34        3.10  

Exercised

     (240,195     —         —          —    

Forfeited

     (45,500     (2.86     —          (3.10
  

 

 

        

Outstanding at December 31, 2022

     106,938     $ 0.59       8.73      $ 4.26  
  

 

 

        

Vested at December 31, 2022

     1,719     $ 2.86       —        $ 3.02  
  

 

 

        

 

     Options     Weighted-average
exercise price
     Weighted-average
remaining
contractual term
     Weighted-average
grant-date fair
value
 

Outstanding at January 1, 2021

     —       $ —          —        $ —    

Granted

     545,853       —          9.55        4.44  

Converted to restricted stock units

     (237,600     —          —          4.44  

Forfeited

     —         —          —          —    
  

 

 

         

Outstanding at December 31, 2021

     308,253     $ —          9.55      $ 4.44  
  

 

 

         

Vested at December 31, 2021

     —       $ —          —        $ —    
  

 

 

         

In accordance with the Plan and in connection with the acquisition, stock options held by a certain employee were immediately converted to RSUs upon grant in accordance with the terms of the Plan. The units generally vest over a two-year period beginning following the one-year anniversary of the date of grant and expire not more than 10 years from the date of grant. A summary of the Company’s restricted stock award activity is as follows:

 

     Restricted
Stock Units
 

Outstanding at January 1, 2021

     —    

Conversion of stock options to RSUs

     237,600  

Exercised

     —    
  

 

 

 

Outstanding at December 31, 2021

     237,600  

Exercised

     (156,458
  

 

 

 

Outstanding at December 31, 2022

     81,142  
  

 

 

 

The Company recognized compensation expense of $1,230,118 during the year ended December 31, 2022 and $504,981 during the period from the date of acquisition through December 31, 2021, respectively, and it is

 

27


LUX VENDING, LLC (DBA BITCOIN DEPOT)

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

DECEMBER 31, 2022, 2021 AND 2020

 

included in general, selling and administrative expenses in the consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income. As of December 31, 2022, there was $817,954 of unrecognized compensation expense related to unvested share options and nonvested restricted shares.

During the year ended December 31, 2022, the weighted-average per share fair value of options granted was $3.10. During the year ended December 31, 2021, the weighted-average per share fair value of options granted was $4.44.

The assumptions used under the Black-Scholes option pricing model and the weighted average calculated value of the options granted to employees as of December 31, were as follows:

 

     2022     2021  

Risk-free interest rate

     2.70     2.50

Dividend yield

     —         —    

Volatility factor of expected market price

     50.00     50.00

Weighted-average expected life of option

     7 years       6 years  

The fair value of the RSUs is based on the estimated stock price, which is not materially different compared to the valuation of the stock options under the Black-Scholes pricing model.

Phantom Equity Participation Plan

The Company has a Phantom Equity Participation Plan dated July 25, 2021 (the “Phantom Plan”) for certain employees. The Phantom Plan awards eligible participants performance units entitling the holder to receive cash payments contingent upon certain qualifying events. The performance units vest according to the terms approved in the Phantom Plan, contingent upon the employee remaining continuously in service with the Company through the date of the qualifying event. Total units available to be issued under the plan were 15,000, and total units issued were 1,400 as of December 31, 2022 and 2021. The Company does not record any liability or expense for payments until the qualifying event is probable to occur and as such, no liability was recorded as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively, and no expense for payments was recorded for the year ended December 31, 2022 and 2021.

(15) Defined Contribution Plan

The Company sponsors a defined contribution plan under Section 401(k) of the Internal Revenue Code. Employees who are over the age of 21 years are eligible to participate in the plan. Eligible employees may elect to defer a percentage of eligible compensation, which is subject to an annual limit of the lesser of 90% of eligible compensation or the maximum limit set by the IRS. The Company matches employee contributions up to a maximum of 50% of the participant’s compensation deferral, limited to 6% of the employee’s compensation. For the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020, the Company made contributions of $201,964, $158,723 and $56,949, respectively, to the plan. These expenses are included in general, selling and administrative expenses in the consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income.

(16) Significant Vendor

During 2020, 2021 and for a portion 2022, the Company purchased substantially all of its BTM kiosks and licensed software which is embedded in the BTM kiosks to facilitate cryptocurrency transactions from a single third party vendor. For the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020, the Company purchased kiosks

 

28


LUX VENDING, LLC (DBA BITCOIN DEPOT)

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

DECEMBER 31, 2022, 2021 AND 2020

 

totaling $0, $6,171,064 and $2,014,398 and purchased software services of $2,335,310, $5,863,822 and $3,050,292, respectively, which are included in cost of revenue in the consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income. The accounts payable balance included $0 and $5,450 related to this vendor at December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively.

During 2022, the Company migrated substantially all of its legacy BTM kiosks from the third-party vendor to its BitAccess software platform. As of December 31, 2022, the Company no longer has a significant vendor relationship where the Company is dependent on an external party for software to the Company’s BTMs.

(17) Leases

The Company adopted Topic 842 effective January 1, 2022 using the modified retrospective transition approach. The Company has utilized the effective date transition method and accordingly is not required to adjust its comparative period financial information for effects of Topic 842. However, Topic 842 requires a Company to continue to disclose comparative period financial information under the previous leasing guidance. The Company has elected to adopt practical expedients which permits it to not reassess its prior conclusions about lease identification, lease classification and initial direct costs under the new standard. The Company elected not to recognize ROU assets and lease liabilities for leases with terms of 12 months or less at lease commencement and do not include an option to purchase the underlying asset that the Company is reasonably certain to exercise. The Company determines if an arrangement is a lease, or contains a lease, at inception of a contract and when the terms of an existing contract are changed. The Company recognizes a lease liability and an ROU asset at the commencement date of each lease. For operating and finance leases, the lease liability is initially measured at the present value of the unpaid lease payments at the lease commencement date. The lease liability is subsequently measured at amortized cost using the effective-interest method. The ROU asset is initially measured at cost, which comprises the initial amount of the lease liability adjusted for lease payments made at or before lease commencement date, plus any initial direct costs incurred less any lease incentives received. Variable payments are included in the future lease payments when those variable payments depend on an index or a rate. The discount rate is the implicit rate, if it is readily determinable, or the Company’s incremental borrowing rate. The Company’s incremental borrowing rate for a lease is the rate of interest it would have to pay on a collateralized basis to borrow an amount equal to the lease payments under similar terms and in a similar economic environment. The Company recognizes lease costs associated with short-term leases on a straight-line basis over the lease term. When contracts contain lease and nonlease components, the Company accounts for both components as a single lease component.

On adoption, the Company recognized operating lease liabilities of $617,491 with corresponding right-of-use (“ROU”) assets of $383,723 which is the net of operating lease liabilities on adoption and deferred rent liability of $233,768 at January 1, 2022. As part of the Topic 842 adoption, the company reclassified existing capital lease obligations to finance lease obligations, which are presented as current installments of obligations under finance leases and obligation under leases, noncurrent on the consolidated Balance Sheets. There was no impact on the Statements of Changes in Member’s Equity for the adoption of Topic 842.

Floorspace leases

The Company has obligations as a lessee for floorspace. These leases meet the short-term lease criteria as the floorspace leases generally are cancellable by the Company with a 30 day or less notice. Accordingly, the Company has applied the practical expedient that allows the Company to recognize short-term lease payments on a straight-line basis over the lease term on the consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income and did not record ROU assets and lease liabilities for floorspace leases as of December 31, 2022.

 

29


LUX VENDING, LLC (DBA BITCOIN DEPOT)

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

DECEMBER 31, 2022, 2021 AND 2020

 

Office space leases

The Company has obligations as a lessee for office space under a noncancellable lease arrangement that expires in May 2025, with options to renew up to five years. Payments due under the lease contracts include mainly fixed payments. The lease for the office space is classified as operating lease in accordance with Topic 842.

BTM kiosk leases

The Company has obligations as a lessee for BTM kiosks. The leases for the BTM kiosks are classified as finance leases in accordance with Topic 842 that expire on various dates through December 2024. The BTM kiosk lease agreements are for two or three year terms and include various options to either renew the lease, purchase the kiosks or exercise a bargain option to purchase the kiosk at the end of the term.

During November 2022, the Company amended an existing lease agreement with a lessor through various amendments. Under these amendments, the Company extended the lease term and revised the purchase option to include a purchase requirement at the end of the lease term. Under the payment schedule, the Company will pay $1,942,558 of the purchase price over 24 months beginning in January 2023 and will pay the remaining $6,972,662 under the following payment schedule: (a) $1,914,280 payable on April 2023; (b) $2,537,611 payable on July 2023; (c) $1,251,430 payable on October 2023; and (d) $1,269,341 payable on January 2024. As a result of the modification, the Company remeasured its finance lease assets and liabilities on the dates of the modifications. The remeasurement increased net book value of the BTM kiosk by $8,905,378, increased the finance liability by $9,077,278. When the Company purchases the assets at the end of the finance lease, these assets will be amortized over the remaining useful life.

The following table presents additional information about finance leases:

 

     Amount  

Finance lease liabilities at December 31, 2021

   $ 32,605,635  

Changes due to remeasurement of leases

     9,077,278  

Payments made during 2022

     (17,105,867
  

 

 

 

Finance lease liabilities at December 31, 2022

   $ 24,577,046  
  

 

 

 

The components of the lease expense for the year ended December 31, 2022 are as follows:

 

     Amount  

Finance lease expense:

  

Amortization of right-of-use-assets

   $ 13,729,111  

Interest on lease liabilities

     4,872,143  
  

 

 

 

Total finance lease expense

     18,601,254  

Operating lease expense

     220,107  

Short-term lease expense

     39,764,569  
  

 

 

 

Total lease expense

   $ 58,585,930  
  

 

 

 

 

30


LUX VENDING, LLC (DBA BITCOIN DEPOT)

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

DECEMBER 31, 2022, 2021 AND 2020

 

Other information as of and for the year ended December 31, 2022:

  

Operating cash flows used for finance leases

     (4,872,143

Operating cash flows used for operating leases

     (221,768

Financing cash flows used for finance leases

     (17,105,867

Weighted-average remaining lease term - finance leases

     1.96  

Weighted-average remaining lease term - operating leases

     2.25  

Weighted-average discount rate - finance leases

     17.0

Weighted-average discount rate - operating leases

     15.0

Lease expense for the year ended December 31, 2021 and 2020 comprised the following:

 

   

Minimum rental payments under operating leases are recognized on a straight-line basis over the term of the lease including any periods of free rent. Rental expense for operating leases (except those with lease terms of a month or less that were not renewed) during 2021 and 2020 amounted to $ 21,265,577 and $4,146,426, respectively.

 

   

Amortization of assets held under capital leases is included in depreciation expense.

Maturities of the lease liability under the noncancellable operating lease as of December 31, 2022 are as follows:

 

Year Ended

   Operating Leases  

2023

   $ 228,410  

2024

     235,281  

2025

     100,969  
  

 

 

 

Total undiscounted lease payments

     564,660  

Less: imputed interest

     (88,543
  

 

 

 

Total operating lease liability

     476,117  

Less: operating lease liabilities, current

     (228,410
  

 

 

 

Operating lease liabilities, net of current portion

   $ 247,707  
  

 

 

 

At December 31, 2021, future minimum lease payments under the noncancellable operating lease are as follows:

 

Year Ended

  

 

 

2022

   $ 221,768  

2023

     228,410  

2024

     235,281  

2025

     100,968  
  

 

 

 
   $ 786,427  
  

 

 

 

 

31


LUX VENDING, LLC (DBA BITCOIN DEPOT)

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

DECEMBER 31, 2022, 2021 AND 2020

 

Maturities of the lease liability under the noncancellable finance leases as of December 31, 2022 are as follows:

 

Year Ended

   Finance Leases  

2023

   $ 20,709,870  

2024

     11,347,818  

2025

     108,189  
  

 

 

 

Total undiscounted lease payments

     32,057,687  

Less: imputed interest

     (7,480,641
  

 

 

 

Total finance lease liability

     24,577,046  

Less: current installments of obligations under finance leases

     (18,437,333
  

 

 

 

Obligations under finance leases, excluding current installments

   $ 6,139,713  
  

 

 

 

As of December 31, 2021, the Company was obligated under capital leases covering certain leases that expire at various dates during the next 4 years. Amounts reported as BTM Kiosks in the consolidated balance sheet obtained under capital leases as of December 31, 2021 and 2020 consisted of the following:

 

     2021      2020  

Cost of BTM kiosks and installation

   $ 46,330,250      $ 7,538,500  

Less: Accumulated depreciation

     (11,257,317      (1,039,863
  

 

 

    

 

 

 
   $ 35,072,933      $ 6,498,637  
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

At December 31, 2021, aggregate minimum future payments under noncancellable capital lease agreements are as follows:

 

Year Ended

   Amount  

2022

   $ 21,653,278  

2023

     13,465,784  

2024

     4,631,031  
  

 

 

 
     39,750,093  

Less: imputed interest

     (7,144,458
  

 

 

 

Total obligations under capital lease

     32,605,635  

Less: current installments of obligations

     (17,209,198
  

 

 

 

Total obligations under capital lease, excluding current installments

   $ 15,396,437  
  

 

 

 

(18) Commitments and Contingencies

Litigation

From time to time in the regular course of its business, the Company is involved in various lawsuits, claims, investigations and other legal matters. Except as noted below, there are no material legal proceedings pending or known by the Company to be contemplated to which the Company is a party or to which any of its property is subject.

 

32


LUX VENDING, LLC (DBA BITCOIN DEPOT)

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

DECEMBER 31, 2022, 2021 AND 2020

 

The Company believes that adequate provisions for resolution of all contingencies, claims and pending litigation have been made for probable losses that are reasonably estimable. These contingencies are subject to significant uncertainties and the Company is unable to estimate the amount or range of loss, if any, in excess of amounts accrued. The Company does not believe that the ultimate outcome of these actions will have a material adverse effect on its financial condition but could have a material adverse effect on its results of operations, cash flows or liquidity in a given quarter or year.

On January 13, 2023, Canaccord Genuity Corp. (“Canaccord”) commenced proceedings against the Company by filing a claim with the Superior Court of Justice in Toronto, Ontario which named Lux Vending, LLC as the defendant. Canaccord is a financial services firm in Canada that the Company previously had hired to perform advisory services related to a potential initial public offering in Canada or sales transaction. The claim asserts that Lux Vending, LLC breached the contract by terminating the contract to avoid paying fees for their services and that Canaccord is entitled to $22.3 million in damages equivalent to the fees alleged to be payable for breach of contract that would have been owed upon the closing of a transaction to acquire control, the sale of substantially all the Company’s assets, or a merger transaction pursuant to the previously terminated engagement letter for advisory services. Canaccord proposes that the amount of fees would be calculated on the total cash transaction value of the business combination of $880.0 million. The claim also seeks an award for legal and other costs relating to the proceeding. Apart from the initial exchange of pleadings, as of April 14, 2023, no further steps have been taken in the proceeding.

Bitcoin Depot does not believe the allegations made against it are valid and intends to vigorously defend against them. The range of potential loss related to the identified claim is between $0 and $22.3 million, the amount of damages that Canaccord is seeking in the lawsuit. The additional costs mentioned in the claim are not able to be estimated at this time.

Financial and tax regulations

Legislation or guidance may be issued by U.S. and non U.S. governing bodies, including Financial Crimes Enforcement Network (“FinCen”) and the Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”), that may differ significantly from the Company’s practices or interpretation of the law, which could have unforeseen effects on our financial condition and results of operations, and accordingly, the related impact on our financial condition and results of operations is not estimable. In 2021, the IRS concluded an examination of the Company related to certain regulatory reporting requirements related to cryptocurrency sales to certain customers. Based on the outcome of the examination, the Company has concluded it is not probable that any fines or penalties will be assessed against the Company. As a result, no accrual has been recorded in the accompanying consolidated financial statements.

(19) Subsequent Events

On January 13, 2023, Canaccord commenced proceedings against the Company. The claim asserts that Canaccord is entitled to $22.3 million in fees upon the closing of a transaction to acquire control, sale of substantially all the Company’s assets, or a merger transaction pursuant to a previously terminated engagement letter for advisory services. The Company does not believe the allegations made against it are valid and intends to vigorously defend against them. See Note 18: Commitment and Contingencies - Litigation for additional details related to Canaccord litigation matter.

On February 9, 2023, GSRM and the Company issued a joint press release, indicating GSRM will hold a Special Shareholder meeting to vote on the proposed transaction. Upon closing of the Business Combination, which is expected to occur shortly after the Special Meeting, and subject to the terms of the business combination agreement, the combined company will be named Bitcoin Depot Inc. and trade on the Nasdaq under the ticker symbol “BTM.”

 

33


LUX VENDING, LLC (DBA BITCOIN DEPOT)

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

 

     March 31, 2023
(unaudited)
    December 31, 2022  

Assets

    

Current:

    

Cash and cash equivalents

   $ 41,664,948     $ 37,540,337  

Cryptocurrencies

     402,110       539,896  

Accounts receivable, net

     746,365       263,206  

Prepaid expenses and other current assets

     4,085,733       2,014,858  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total current assets

     46,899,156       40,358,297  

Property and equipment:

    

Furniture and fixtures

     617,930       617,930  

Leasehold improvements

     171,780       171,780  

Kiosk machines - owned

     14,963,803       15,233,541  

Kiosk machines - leased

     35,584,450       36,590,636  

Vehicles

     16,913       16,913  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 
     51,354,876       52,630,800  

Less: accumulated depreciation

     (15,972,044     (13,976,382
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total property and equipment, net

     35,382,832       38,654,418  

Intangible assets, net

     4,977,540       5,351,249  

Goodwill

     8,717,288       8,717,288  

Operating lease right-of-use assets, net

     278,563       302,362  

Security deposits

     17,417       17,417  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total assets

   $ 96,272,796     $ 93,401,031  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Liabilities and Member’s equity

    

Current:

    

Accounts payable

   $ 8,111,599     $ 8,119,155  

Accrued expenses

     12,123,320       9,467,921  

Earn-out liability

     1,910,049       1,840,708  

Notes payable

     8,500,000       8,050,000  

Income taxes payable

     720,842       646,629  

Deferred revenue

     46,885       19,000  

Operating lease liabilities, current portion

     230,128       228,410  

Current installments of obligations under finance leases

     16,036,083       18,437,333  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total current liabilities

     47,678,906       46,809,156  

Notes payable, non-current

     26,976,618       29,521,642  

Operating lease liabilities, non-current

     205,525       247,707  

Obligations under finance leases, non-current

     5,386,956       6,139,713  

Deferred income tax, net

     811,423       1,238,678  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total Liabilities

     81,059,428       83,956,896  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Commitments and Contingencies (Note 18)

    

Member’s Equity

    

Equity attributed to Lux Vending, LLC

     13,183,114       7,396,170  

Accumulated other comprehensive loss

     (182,366     (181,915
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total equity attributable to Lux Vending, LLC

     13,000,748       7,214,255  

Equity attributed to noncontrolling interest in subsidiary

     2,212,620       2,229,880  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total member’s equity

     15,213,368       9,444,135  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total liabilities and member’s equity

   $ 96,272,796     $ 93,401,031  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited consolidated financial statements

 

34


LUX VENDING, LLC (DBA BITCOIN DEPOT)

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME (LOSS) AND COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)

(UNAUDITED)

 

     Three Months Ended March 31,  
     2023     2022  

Revenue

   $ 163,602,924     $ 154,524,319  

Cost of revenue (excluding depreciation and amortization)

     141,300,365       141,269,259  

Operating expenses:

    

Selling, general, and administrative

     10,835,250       7,689,762  

Depreciation and amortization

     2,795,566       4,800,119  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total operating expenses

     13,630,816       12,489,881  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Income from operations

     8,671,743       765,179  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Other income (expense):

    

Interest expense

     (2,947,223     (3,096,861

Other (expense) income

     (115,106     101,914  

Loss on foreign currency transactions

     (148,269     (831,695
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total other expense, net

     (3,210,598     (3,826,642
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Income (loss) before provision for income taxes and noncontrolling interest

     5,461,145       (3,061,463

Income tax (expense) benefit

     621,841       (311,331
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net income (loss)

     6,082,986       (3,372,794

Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interest in subsidiary

     208,461       60,703  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net income (loss) attributable to Lux Vending, LLC

   $ 6,291,447     $ (3,312,091
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax

    

Net income (loss)

   $ 6,082,986     $ (3,372,794

Foreign currency translation adjustments

     (451     (12,343
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total comprehensive Income (loss)

     6,082,535       (3,385,137
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Comprehensive loss attributable to noncontrolling interest in subsidiary

     208,461       60,703  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to Lux Vending, LLC

   $ 6,290,996     $ (3,324,434
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited consolidated financial statements

 

35


LUX VENDING, LLC (DBA BITCOIN DEPOT)

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN MEMBER’S EQUITY

(UNAUDITED)

 

     Equity
attributable to
Lux Vending,
LLC
    Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Loss
    Total equity
attributable to
Lux Vending,
LLC
    Equity
attributable to
non-controlling
interest in
subsidiary
    Total
Member’s
Equity
 

Balance at January 1, 2022

   $ 17,615,633     $ (72,188   $ 17,543,445     $ 1,432,315     $ 18,975,760  

Distributions

     (6,188,709     —         (6,188,709     —         (6,188,709

Stock compensation

     —         —         —         302,988       302,988  

Foreign currency translation

     —         (12,343     (12,343     —         (12,343

Net income (loss)

     (3,312,091     —         (3,312,091     (60,703     (3,372,794
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Balance at March 31, 2022

   $ 8,114,833     $ (84,531   $ 8,030,302     $ 1,674,600     $ 9,704,902  
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Balance at January 1, 2023

   $ 7,396,170     $ (181,915   $ 7,214,255     $ 2,229,880     $ 9,444,135  

Distributions

     (504,503     —         (504,503     —         (504,503

Stock compensation

     —         —         —         191,201       191,201  

Foreign currency translation

     —         (451     (451     —         (451

Net income (loss)

     6,291,447       —         6,291,447       (208,461     6,082,986  
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Balance at March 31, 2023

   $ 13,183,114     $ (182,366   $ 13,000,748     $ 2,212,620     $ 15,213,368  
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited consolidated financial statements

 

36


LUX VENDING, LLC (DBA BITCOIN DEPOT)

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(UNAUDITED)

 

     Three Months Ended March 31,  
     2023     2022  

Cash flows from operating activities

    

Net income

   $ 6,082,986     $ (3,372,794

Adjustments to reconcile net income to cash provided by operating activities:

    

Amortization of deferred financing costs

     154,976       145,859  

Adjustment to contingent earn-out liability

     69,341       300,520  

Depreciation and amortization

     2,795,566       4,800,119  

Non-cash stock compensation

     191,201       302,988  

Purchase of services in cryptocurrencies

     291,958       1,175,438  

Deferred taxes

     (427,255     —    

Loss on lease termination

     532,529       —    

Loss on disposal of property and equipment

     225,439       —    

Reduction in carrying amount of right-of-use assets

     23,799       18,390  

Cryptocurrencies received as payment

     (210,959     (971,830

Change in operating assets and liabilities:

    

Accounts receivable, net

     (483,159     (131,310

Cryptocurrencies

     34,423       952,009  

Prepaid expenses and other current assets

     (2,072,250     (382,224

Accounts payable

     84,205       (2,242,539

Accrued expenses

     2,655,399       524,015  

Income taxes payable

     74,213       269,310  

Deferred revenue

     27,885       289,002  

Operating lease liabilities

     (40,464     (33,393
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Cash provided by operating activities

     10,009,833       1,643,560  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Cash flows from investing activities

    

Acquisition of property and equipment

     —         (371,935
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Cash used in investing activities

     —         (371,935
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Cash flows from financing activities

    

Proceeds from issuance of notes payable

     —         5,000,000  

Principal payments on notes payable

     (2,250,000     (1,600,000

Principal payments on finance leases

     (3,154,007     (4,102,389

Payment for deferred financing costs

     —         (209,679

Distributions

     (482,139     (3,621,525
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Cash used in financing activities

     (5,886,146     (4,533,593
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents

     924       28,649  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents

     4,124,611       (3,233,319

Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of the period

     37,540,337       38,028,200  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Cash and cash equivalents, end of the period

   $ 41,664,948     $ 34,794,881  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information:

 

 

Cash paid during the three months ended March 31 for:

    

Interest

   $ 2,510,679     $ 2,796,275  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Income taxes

   $ 3,400     $ 4,250  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited consolidated financial statements

 

37


LUX VENDING, LLC (DBA BITCOIN DEPOT)

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(UNAUDITED)

Supplemental disclosures of non-cash investing and financing activities:

See Note 4 for information on non-cash distribution with the Member.

See Note 16 for information on non-cash activity related to a lease termination and new lease arrangement.

The Company purchases cryptocurrency from a liquidity provider which is settled the following day. The Company had a liability of $2,115,700 and $1,295,092 for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively which are recorded within accrued expenses on the consolidated Balance Sheets. The Company recognizes the activity with this liquidity provider as part cryptocurrencies and accrued expenses on the changes in operating assets and liabilities on the consolidated Statements of Cash Flow.

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited consolidated financial statements

 

38


LUX VENDING, LLC (DBA BITCOIN DEPOT)

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(UNAUDITED)

(1) Organization and Background

(a) Organization

Lux Vending, LLC (dba Bitcoin Depot) (“Bitcoin Depot”, or the “Company”), a limited-liability company, was formed on June 7, 2016. Bitcoin Depot owns and operates a network of cryptocurrency kiosks (“BTMs”) across North America where customers can buy and sell cryptocurrencies. In addition to the BTM network, Bitcoin Depot also sells cryptocurrency to consumers at a network of retail locations through its BDCheckout product offering and through its website via over-the-counter (OTC) trade. The BDCheckout offering allows users similar functionality to the BTM kiosks, enabling users to load cash into their accounts at the checkout counter at retailer locations, and use those funds to purchase cryptocurrency. The Company’s website allows users to initiate and complete OTC trades for cryptocurrency. Bitcoin Depot also offers a software solution to other BTM operators through its controlled subsidiary, BitAccess Inc.

(b) Background

Several factors affect the price of cryptocurrencies, including but not limited to: (a) global supply and demand; (b) investors’ expectations with respect to the rate of inflation; (c) interest rates; (d) currency exchange rates, including the rates at which cryptocurrencies may be exchanged for fiat currencies; (e) fiat currency withdrawal and deposit policies of electronic market places where traders may buy and sell cryptocurrencies based on bid-ask trading activity with the various exchanges and the liquidity of those exchanges; (f) interruptions in service from or failures of major cryptocurrency exchanges; (g) investment and trading activities of large investors, including private and registered funds, that may directly or indirectly invest in cryptocurrencies; (h) monetary policies of governments, trade restrictions, currency devaluations and revaluations; (i) regulatory measures, if any, that restrict the use of cryptocurrencies as a form of payment; (j) the maintenance and development of the open-source protocol governing the cryptocurrency’s network; (k) global or regional political, economic or financial events and situations; and (l) expectations among market participants that the value of a cryptocurrency will soon change.

Global supply for a particular cryptocurrency is determined by the asset’s network source code, which sets the rate at which assets may be awarded to network participants. Global demand for cryptocurrencies is influenced by such factors as the increase in acceptance by retail merchants and commercial businesses of a cryptocurrency as a payment alternative, the security of online exchanges and digital wallets, the perception that the use of cryptocurrencies is safe and secure, and the lack of regulatory restrictions on their use. Additionally, there is no assurance that any cryptocurrency will maintain its long-term value in terms of purchasing power. Any of these events could have a material effect on the Company’s financial position and the results of its operations.

(c) Significant Transaction

On August 24, 2022, and as subsequently amended through June 7, 2023, the Company entered into a Transaction Agreement with GSR II Meteora Acquisition Corp. (“GSRM”). GSRM is a blank check company formed for the purpose of effecting a merger, capital stock exchange, asset acquisition, share purchase, reorganization or similar business combination with one or more businesses (an “initial Business Combination”). Upon closing of the business combination with GSRM, the Transaction Agreement would effect a series of transactions whereby the Company would become a public company. As of March 31, 2023, this business combination had not closed. Accordingly, the accompanying consolidated financial statements as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, do not reflect the accounting for this business combination. Due to the uncertainty as to the outcome of this business combination, the Company has recorded all transaction related expenses in selling, general and administrative expenses in the consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income in the periods in which incurred.

 

39


LUX VENDING, LLC (DBA BITCOIN DEPOT)

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(UNAUDITED)

 

On May 3, 2023, GSRM filed and commenced mailing of a Definitive Proxy Statement on Schedule 14A (the “Proxy Statement”) in connection with a special meeting of stockholders (i) to amend GSRM’s amended and restated certificate of incorporation (the “Charter”) to extend the date by which GSRM must complete an initial Business Combination from June 1, 2023 to July 1, 2023, and to allow GSRM, without another stockholder vote, to further extend the date to consummate an initial Business Combination on a monthly basis up to eight times by an additional one month each time after July 1, 2023, or later extended deadline date, until March 1, 2024 (such date as extended, the “Extended Date”), unless the closing of the initial Business Combination shall have occurred prior to the Extended Date.

On May 11, 2023, the Company, GSRM and BT Assets entered into a Third Amendment to the Transaction Agreement pursuant to which, among other things, the definition of the “Agreement End Date” in the Transaction Agreement was amended to change the date listed therein from May 15, 2023 to the earlier of (i) July 15, 2023 and (ii) 45 days following the date the proxy statement containing the unaudited consolidated financial statements of the Company as of and for the three-months ended March 31, 2023 has been filed with the SEC or such later date as may be mutually agreed upon by the parties.

On June 7, 2023, the Transaction Agreement was further amended for certain pre-closing and other restructuring activities related to the Business Combination.

(2) Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

(a) Basis of Presentation

The unaudited consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“U.S. GAAP”) and pursuant to the rules and regulations of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). The unaudited consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and the corresponding notes thereto included elsewhere in this proxy.

The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Lux Vending, LLC and its wholly-owned and controlled subsidiaries: Mintz Assets, Inc., Express Vending, Inc., Intuitive Software, LLC, Digital Gold Ventures, Inc. (“Digital Gold”), and BitAccess Inc. Mintz Assets, Inc. is a holding company that holds the ownership of Express Vending, Inc. Express Vending, Inc. is a Canadian corporation whose business activities include owning and operating a network of BTM kiosks in Canada. Intuitive Software, LLC is a holding company that holds an 83.39% equity interest (through its ownership of Digital Gold) in BitAccess Inc., a Canadian corporation. Intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

(b) Use of Estimates

The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Estimates are used for, but not limited to, valuation of current and deferred income taxes, the determination of the useful lives of property and equipment, recoverability of intangible assets and goodwill, fair value of long-term debt, present value of lease liabilities and right-of-use assets, assumptions and inputs for fair value measurements used in business combinations, impairments of cryptocurrencies, and contingencies, including liabilities that the Company deems are not probable of assertion. The Company bases its estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances. Actual results could differ from these estimates.

 

40


LUX VENDING, LLC (DBA BITCOIN DEPOT)

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(UNAUDITED)

 

(c) Concentration of Credit Risk Arising from Cash Deposits in Excess of Insured Limits

The Company maintains cash in established U.S. and Canadian financial institutions that often will exceed federally insured limits. The Company has not experienced any losses in such accounts that are maintained at the financial institutions.

The Company maintains cash balances in its BTMs and in fiat wallets with cryptocurrency exchanges to facilitate the purchase and sale of cryptocurrencies. The cash balances in the BTMs are insured up to a specified limit. From time to time, the Company’s cash balance in the BTMs exceeds such limits. The Company had cash of $14,146,511 and $16,035,858 in BTMs at March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively. Cash maintained in fiat wallets with cryptocurrency exchanges is not insured. The Company had $733,135 and $2,513,924 in cash with cryptocurrency exchanges as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively.

A significant customer concentration is defined as one from whom at least 10% of annual revenue is derived. The Company had no significant customer concentration for three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022.

(d) Cash and Cash Equivalents

Cash includes cash maintained at various financial institutions, cryptocurrency exchanges, and in BTMs owned and leased by the Company.

Cash equivalents represents cash in transit picked up by armored truck companies from the Company’s BTM machines but not yet deposited in the Company’s bank accounts. As of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the Company had cash in transit of $4,662,809 and $7,763,177, respectively. Management evaluates cash in transit based on outstanding cash deposits on cash picked up by the armored truck companies, historical cash deposits and cash that is lost during transit, which is immaterial.

(e) Cryptocurrencies

Cryptocurrencies are a unit of account that function as a medium of exchange on a respective blockchain network, and a digital and decentralized ledger that keeps a record of all transactions that take place across a peer-to-peer network. The Company’s cryptocurrencies primarily consisted of Bitcoin (“BTC”) as of and for three months ended March 31, 2023 and consisted primarily of BTC, Litecoin (“LTC”), and Ethereum (“ETH”) as of and for the year ended December 31, 2022 and are collectively referred to as “cryptocurrencies” in the consolidated financial statements. The Company primarily purchases cryptocurrencies to sell to customers.

The Company accounts for cryptocurrencies as indefinite-lived intangible assets in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 350, Intangibles - Goodwill and Other, and they are recorded on the Company’s consolidated Balance Sheets at cost, less any impairments. The Company has control and ownership of its cryptocurrencies which are stored in both the Company’s proprietary hot wallets and hot wallets hosted by a third-party, BitGo, Inc.

The primary purpose of the Company’s operations is to buy and sell Bitcoin using the BTM kiosk network and other services. The Company does not engage in broker-dealer activities. The Company uses various exchanges and liquidity providers to purchase, liquidate and manage its cryptocurrency positions; however, this does not impact the accounting for these assets as intangible assets.

Impairment

Because the Company’s cryptocurrencies are accounted for as indefinite-lived intangible assets, the cryptocurrencies are tested for impairment annually or more frequently if events or changes in circumstances

 

41


LUX VENDING, LLC (DBA BITCOIN DEPOT)

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(UNAUDITED)

 

indicate it is more likely than not that the asset is impaired in accordance with ASC 350. The Company has determined that a decline in the quoted market price below the carrying value at any time during the assessed period is viewed as an impairment indicator because the cryptocurrencies are traded in active markets where there are observable prices. Therefore, the fair value is used to assess whether an impairment loss should be recorded. If the fair value of the cryptocurrency decreases below the initial cost basis or the carrying value during the assessed period, an impairment charge is recognized at that time in cost of revenue (excluding depreciation and amortization). After an impairment loss is recognized, the adjusted carrying amount of the cryptocurrency becomes its new accounting basis and this new cost basis will not be adjusted upward for any subsequent increase in fair value. For purposes of measuring impairment on its cryptocurrencies, the Company determines the fair value of its cryptocurrency on a nonrecurring basis in accordance with ASC 820, Fair Value Measurement, based on quoted (unadjusted) prices on the Coinbase exchange, the active exchange that the Company has determined is its principal market (Level 1 inputs).

The Company purchases cryptocurrencies, which are held in the Company’s hot wallets, on a just in time basis to facilitate sales to customers and mitigate exposure to volatility in cryptocurrency prices. The Company sells its cryptocurrencies to its customers from its BTM Kiosks, OTC and BDCheckout locations in exchange for cash, for a prescribed transaction fee applied to the current market price of the cryptocurrency at the time of the transaction, plus a predetermined markup. When the cryptocurrency is sold to customers, the Company relieves the adjusted cost basis of its cryptocurrency, net of impairments, on a first-in, first-out basis within cost of revenue (excluding depreciation and amortization). In the fourth quarter of 2022, the Company discontinued the sale of ETH and LTC to its customers.

During the year ended December 31, 2021, the Company purchased quantities of cryptocurrencies in excess of expected sales and began selling these cryptocurrencies to customers, on exchange or distributing to the Member during three months ended March 31, 2022. Upon disposition, the Company relieved the adjusted cost basis (net of impairments) of the cryptocurrencies with any gains recorded to cost of revenue (excluding depreciation and amortization).

The related cash flows from purchases and sales of cryptocurrencies are presented as cash flows from operating activities on the consolidated Statements of Cash Flows.

See Notes 2(i) and 2(j) to the consolidated financial statements for further information regarding the Company’s revenue recognition and cost of revenue related to the Company’s cryptocurrencies.

(f) Property and Equipment

Property and equipment are stated at cost, less accumulated depreciation. Finance leases are stated at the present value of the future minimum lease payments, less accumulated depreciation. Expenditures for maintenance and repairs are expensed as incurred. The cost of assets sold, retired, or otherwise disposed of, and the related accumulated depreciation are eliminated from their respective accounts and any resulting gain or loss is recognized in the consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income upon disposition.

Depreciation of property and equipment is determined using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets, which are as follows:

 

Furniture and fixtures    7 years
Leasehold improvements    Lesser of estimated useful life or life of the lease
Kiosk machines - owned    5 years
Kiosk machines - leased    2-5 years
Vehicles    5 years

 

42


LUX VENDING, LLC (DBA BITCOIN DEPOT)

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(UNAUDITED)

 

Depreciation expense for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022 totaled $2,421,857, and $4,426,921, respectively.

(g) Impairment of Long-Lived Assets

Long-lived assets are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset group may not be fully recoverable. Recoverability of assets to be held and used is measured by a comparison of the carrying amount of the asset group to its fair value, which is normally determined through analysis of the future net cash flows expected to be generated by the asset group. If such asset group is considered to be impaired, the impairment to be recognized is measured by the amount that the carrying amount of the asset group exceeds the fair value of the asset group. There were no impairments of long-lived assets for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022.

(h) Goodwill and Intangible Assets, net

Goodwill represents the excess of the consideration transferred over the estimated fair value of the acquired assets, assumed liabilities, and any noncontrolling interest in the acquired entity in a business combination. The Company tests for impairment at least annually, or more frequently if an event occurs or circumstances change that would more likely than not reduce the fair value of the reporting unit below its carrying value. The Company performs their annual test for impairment as of December 31 at the reporting unit level. There was no impairment of goodwill for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022.

Intangible assets, net consist of tradenames, customer relationships, and software applications. Intangible assets with finite lives are amortized over their estimated lives and evaluated for impairment when an event or change in circumstances occurs that warrants such a review. Management periodically evaluates whether changes to estimated useful lives of intangible assets are necessary to ensure its estimates accurately reflect the economic use of the related intangible assets.

(i) Revenue Recognition

Kiosks, BDCheckout and OTC

Revenue is principally derived from the sale of cryptocurrencies at the point-of-sale on transactions initiated by customers. These customer-initiated transactions are governed by terms and conditions agreed to at the time of each point-of-sale transaction and do not extend beyond the transaction. The Company charges a fee at the transaction level. The transaction price for the customer is the price of the cryptocurrency, which is based on the exchange value at the time of the transaction, plus a markup, and a nominal flat fee. The exchange value is determined using real-time exchange prices and the markup percentage is determined by the Company and depends on the current market, competition, the geography of the location of the sale, and the method of purchase.

The Company’s revenue from contracts with customers is principally comprised of a single performance obligation to provide cryptocurrencies when customers buy cryptocurrencies at a BTM kiosk, through BDCheckout or directly via an over-the-counter (OTC) trade. BDCheckout sales are similar to sales from BTM kiosks in that, customers buy cryptocurrencies with cash; however, the BDCheckout transactions are completed at the checkout counter of retail locations, initiated using the Bitcoin Depot mobile app instead of through the BTM kiosks. OTC sales are initiated and completed through the Company’s website. Regardless of the method by which the customer purchases the cryptocurrency, the Company considers its performance obligation satisfied when control of the cryptocurrency is transferred to the customer, which is at the point in time the cryptocurrency is transferred to the customer’s cryptocurrency wallet and the transaction validated on the blockchain.

 

43


LUX VENDING, LLC (DBA BITCOIN DEPOT)

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(UNAUDITED)

 

The typical process time for our transactions with customers is 30 minutes or less. At period end, for reasons of operational practicality, the Company applies an accounting convention to use the date of the transaction, which corresponds to the timing of the cash received, for purposes of recognizing revenue. This accounting convention does not result in materially different revenue recognition from using the time the cryptocurrency has been transferred to the customer’s wallet and the transaction has been validated on the blockchain (see Note 5).

In a limited number of BTM kiosks, the Company has the technology to allow customers the ability to sell their cryptocurrencies to the Company. In these limited cases, the Company receives the customer’s cryptocurrencies in the Company’s hot wallet, and the kiosk dispenses USD to the selling customer. Because all orders are processed within a very short time frame (typically within minutes), no orders are pending when the customer receives cash upon completion of the transaction at the kiosk. Revenue is recognized at the time when the cash is dispensed to the customer. The cryptocurrencies received are initially accounted for at cost and reflected in Cryptocurrencies on the consolidated Balance Sheets, net of impairments.

Judgment is required in determining whether the Company is the principal or the agent in transactions with customers. The Company evaluates the presentation of revenue on a gross or net basis based on whether it controls the cryptocurrency before control is transferred to the customer (gross) or whether it acts as an agent by arranging for other customers on the platform to provide the cryptocurrency to the customer (net). The Company controls the cryptocurrency before control is transferred to the customer, has ownership risk related to the cryptocurrency (including market price volatility), sets the transaction fee to be charged, and is responsible for transferring the cryptocurrency to the customer upon purchase. Therefore, the Company is the principal in transactions with customers and presents revenue and cost of revenue (excluding depreciation and amortization) from the sale of cryptocurrencies on a gross basis.

Software Services

The Company, through its subsidiary BitAccess, generates revenue from contracts with third-party BTM operators to provide software services that enables these customers to operate their own BTM kiosks and facilitate customer cash-to-cryptocurrency transactions. In exchange for these software services, the Company earns a variable fee equal to a percentage of the cash value of the transactions processed by the kiosks using the software during the month, paid in BTC. The Company has determined that the software services are a single, series performance obligation to provide continuous access to the transaction processing system that is simultaneously provided to and consumed by the customer. Each day of the service periods comprises a distinct, stand-ready service that is substantially the same and with the same pattern of transfer to the customer as all the other days. The Company allocates the variable service fees earned to each distinct service period on the basis that (a) each variable service fee earned relates specifically to the entity’s efforts to provide the software services during that period and (b) allocation of the variable fee entirely to the distinct period in which the transaction giving rise to the fee occurred is consistent with the allocation objective in ASC 606. Accordingly, the Company allocates and recognizes variable software services revenue in the period in which the transactions giving rise to the earned variable fee occur.

BitAccess also generates revenue by selling kiosk hardware to BTM operators in exchange for cash. Hardware revenue is recognized at a point-in-time when the hardware is shipped to the customer and control is transferred to the customer. When customers pay in advance for the kiosk hardware, the Company records deferred revenue until the hardware is delivered and control is transferred to the customer. Hardware and software services are generally sold separately from each other and are distinct from each other.

 

44


LUX VENDING, LLC (DBA BITCOIN DEPOT)

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(UNAUDITED)

 

The Company has considered whether its contracts with BitAccess customers for software services are themselves derivative contracts or contain an embedded derivative in accordance with ASC 815 - Derivatives and Hedging, because the Company elects to receive BTC as payment for these software fees. The Company determined that the contracts are not themselves derivative contracts in their entirety but do contain an embedded derivative for the right to receive the USD denominated receivable in BTC as settlement. Due to the immaterial amount of BTC not received as settlement of receivables from customers at each month end and because the fair value of the embedded derivative was determined to be de minimis, the Company has not separately disclosed the fair value of the embedded derivative in the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

(j) Cost of Revenue (excluding depreciation and amortization)

The Company’s cost of revenue consists primarily of direct costs related to selling cryptocurrencies and operating the Company’s network of kiosks. The cost of revenue (excluding depreciation and amortization) caption includes cryptocurrency expenses, floorspace expenses, and kiosk operations expenses.

Cryptocurrency expenses

Cryptocurrency expenses include the cost of cryptocurrencies, fees paid to obtain cryptocurrencies, impairment of cryptocurrencies, gains on sales of cryptocurrencies on exchange, fees paid to operate the software on the BTM kiosks, and fees paid to transfer cryptocurrencies to customers.

Floorspace lease expenses

Floorspace lease expenses include lease expense for short-term, cancellable floorspace leases related to the placement of BTM kiosks in retail locations.

Kiosk Operations expenses

Kiosk operations expenses include the cost of kiosk repair and maintenance and the cost of armored trucks to collect and transport cash deposited into the BTM kiosks.

The Company presents cost of revenue in the consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income exclusive of depreciation related to BTM kiosks and amortization of intangible assets related to software applications, tradenames and customer relationships.

(k) Advertising

The Company expenses advertising costs as incurred. Advertising expenses were $1,150,789 and $756,217 for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively, and are included in general, selling and administrative expenses in the consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income.

(l) Foreign Currency

The functional currency of the Company is the U.S. Dollar. The functional currency of Express Vending, Inc. is the Canadian Dollar. All revenue, cost and expense accounts are translated at an average of exchange rates in effect during the period. Assets and liabilities recorded in foreign currencies are translated at the exchange rate as of the balance sheet date. The resulting translation adjustments are recorded as a separate component of Member’s equity, identified as accumulated other comprehensive loss. As a result of the continued integration of

 

45


LUX VENDING, LLC (DBA BITCOIN DEPOT)

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(UNAUDITED)

 

BitAccess (the Company’s controlled Canadian Subsidiary) during 2022, the Company determined that the functional currency was the U.S. dollar. Accordingly, assets and liabilities of BitAccess, Inc. are remeasured into U.S. dollars at the exchange rates in effect at the reporting date with differences recorded as transactions gains and losses within other income (expense), net within the Statement of Income and Comprehensive Income.

(m) Income Taxes

Since its formation, Lux Vending, LLC. has been taxed as an S Corporation. On November 13, 2020, the sole Member of Lux Vending, LLC contributed 100% of its LLC interest into a newly formed Corporation, BT Assets, Inc. On November 13, 2020, BT Assets, Inc. elected to be taxed as an S Corporation and the Company elected to be taxed as an S Corporation subsidiary.

Mintz Assets, Inc., is treated as a corporation for federal income tax purposes. Intuitive Software, LLC., and its wholly owned subsidiary, Digital Gold, are treated as corporations for federal income tax purposes. BitAccess Inc., and Express Vending, Inc., are taxed as a Canadian corporation. For the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, there was no activity for Mintz Assets, Inc., Intuitive Software, LLC and Digital Gold. As such, there were no federal income taxes for these entities.

Deferred taxes are recognized for future tax consequences attributable to differences between the consolidated financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax basis and net operating loss carryforwards. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect of any tax rate change on deferred taxes is recognized in the period that includes the enactment date of the tax rate change. Realization of deferred tax assets is assessed on an annual basis and, unless a deferred tax asset is more likely than not to be utilized, a valuation allowance is recorded to write down the deferred tax assets to their net realizable value.

In assessing the realizability of deferred income tax assets, management considers whether it is more-likely-than-not that some portion or all of the deferred income tax assets will be realized. The ultimate realization of deferred income tax assets is dependent upon the generation of future taxable income during the periods in which those deductible temporary differences reverse. Management considers the scheduled reversal of deferred income tax liabilities, projected future taxable income, and tax planning strategies in making this assessment. For Express Vending, Inc. it is more-likely-than-not that future taxable income will not be generated to recognize the deferred tax asset. As such, the Company has recorded a full valuation allowance to offset the deferred tax asset.

(n) Fair Value of Financial Instruments

Certain assets and liabilities are reported or disclosed at fair value. Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date in the Company’s principal market for such transactions. If the Company has not established a principal market for such transactions, fair value is determined based on the most advantageous market. The Company uses a three-level hierarchy that prioritizes fair value measurements based on the types of inputs used for the various valuation techniques. The three levels of the fair value hierarchy are described below:

 

  •    Level 1:

Quoted (unadjusted) prices in active markets that are accessible at the measurement date for identical, unrestricted assets or liabilities.

 

  •    Level 2:

Inputs other than quoted prices that are either directly or indirectly observable, such as quoted prices in active markets for similar assets or liabilities, quoted prices for identical or similar

 

46


LUX VENDING, LLC (DBA BITCOIN DEPOT)

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(UNAUDITED)

 

  assets or liabilities in inactive markets, or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities.

 

  •    Level 3:

Inputs that are generally unobservable, supported by little or no market activity, and typically reflect management’s estimates of assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability.

The categorization of an asset or liability within the fair value hierarchy is based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. The valuation techniques used by the Company when measuring fair value maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs.

(o) Share-Based Compensation

The Company maintains an equity award plan under which the officers and employees of BitAccess may be awarded various types of share-based compensation, including options to purchase shares of BitAccess’ common stock and restricted stock units. The Company recognizes share-based compensation expense associated with these awards on a straight-line basis over the award’s requisite service period (generally the vesting period). For stock options, share-based compensation expense is based on the fair value of the awards on the date of grant, as estimated using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. For restricted stock units, the share-based compensation expense is based on the estimated fair value of BitAccess’ common stock on the date of grant. Forfeitures are accounted for at the time the forfeiture occurs. See Note 13 for further information regarding the equity award plan, related share-based compensation expense and assumptions used in determining the fair value of the awards.

(p) Segment Reporting

Operating segments are defined as components of an entity for which separate financial information is available and that is regularly reviewed by the Chief Operating Decision Maker (the “CODM”) in deciding how to allocate resources to an individual segment and in assessing performance. The Company’s Chief Executive Officer is the Company’s CODM. The CODM reviews financial information presented on a global, consolidated basis for purposes of making operating decisions, allocating resources, and evaluating financial performance. As such, the Company has determined that it operates as one operating segment and one reportable segment.

(q) Earnings Per Share

Earnings per share information has not been presented for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022 as the information would not be meaningful to the users based on the Company’s ownership structure as of the date of these unaudited consolidated financial statements.

(r) Litigation

The Company assesses legal contingencies in accordance with ASC 450 - Contingencies and determines whether a legal contingency is probable, reasonably possible or remote. When contingencies become probable and can be reasonably estimated, the Company records an estimate of the probable loss. When contingencies are considered probable or reasonably possible but cannot be reasonably estimated, the Company discloses the contingency when the probable or reasonably possible loss could be material. Legal costs are expensed in the period in which the costs are incurred.

 

47


LUX VENDING, LLC (DBA BITCOIN DEPOT)

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(UNAUDITED)

 

(3) Recent Accounting Pronouncements

Accounting Pronouncement Adopted

In October 2021, the FASB issued ASU 2021-08, “Business Combinations (Topic 805): Accounting for Contract Assets and Contract Liabilities from Contracts with Customers,” which requires entities to apply Topic 606 to recognize and measure contract assets and contract liabilities in a business combination as if the acquiring entity had originated the contracts. The standard is effective for public companies for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2022. The Company adopted this accounting standard effective January 1, 2023 with no impact on the consolidated financial statements.

In September 2022, the FASB issued ASU 2022-04, “Liabilities—Supplier Finance Programs (Subtopic 405-50): Disclosure of Supplier Finance Program Obligations,” which requires entities that use supplier finance programs in connection with the purchase of goods and services to disclose sufficient information about the program. The amendments do not affect the recognition, measurement or financial statement presentation of obligations covered by supplier finance programs. The standard is effective for public companies for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2022, except for the amendment on roll-forward information, which is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023. The Company adopted this accounting standard effective January 1, 2023 with no impact on the consolidated financial statements.

Accounting Pronouncement Pending Adoption

In June 2022, the FASB issued ASU 2022-03, “Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820): Fair Value Measurement of Equity Securities Subject to Contractual Sale Restrictions,” which clarifies that contractual sale restrictions are not considered in measuring fair value of equity securities and requires additional disclosures for equity securities subject to contractual sale restrictions. The standard is effective for public companies for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023. Early adoption is permitted. The Company is still assessing the impact if any, on the consolidated financial statements.

(4) Related Party Transactions

During the three months ended March 31, 2023, the Company distributed to its Member 112.4 LTC and 7.5 ETH with a total cost basis of $22,364. During the three months ended March 31, 2022, the Company distributed to its member 1,550 ETH with a total cost basis of $ 2,509,693. These non-cash distributions are reflected in the consolidated Statements of Changes in Member’s Equity.

As of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the Company did not have any amounts due from or to the Member for any transactions on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. In addition, there was no impact of the related party transactions on the Consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022.

Total cash distributions made to the Member during the three months ended March 31, 2023 and March 31, 2022 were $482,139 and $3,621,525, respectively and are classified as cash outflows from financing activities in the Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows.

 

48


LUX VENDING, LLC (DBA BITCOIN DEPOT)

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(UNAUDITED)

 

(5) Revenue

Revenue disaggregated by revenue stream is as follows for the three months ended March 31:

 

     2023      2022  

BTM Kiosks

   $ 163,025,366      $ 151,180,790  

BDCheckout

     360,376        —    

OTC

     —          2,080,000  

Company Website

     79,690        30,408  

Software Services

     137,492        1,010,314  

Hardware Revenue

     —          222,807  
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total Revenue

   $ 163,602,924      $ 154,524,319  
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

The net impact to revenue arising from cryptocurrency transactions where control did not transfer to the customer was a reduction in revenue of $103,587 and $161,229 for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively.

(6) Cost of Revenue (Excluding Depreciation and Amortization)

Cost of Revenue (excluding depreciation and amortization) is comprised of expenses associated with selling of cryptocurrencies and operating the Company’s BTM kiosks, excluding depreciation and amortization. The following table presents cost of revenue (excluding depreciation and amortization) by category for the three months ended March 31:

 

     2023      2022  

Cryptocurrency expenses

   $ 127,660,684      $ 127,339,847  

Floorspace lease expenses

     9,032,306        10,188,657  

Kiosk operations expenses

     4,607,375        3,740,755  
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total Cost of Revenue (excluding depreciation and amortization reported separately)

   $ 141,300,365      $ 141,269,259  
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

The following table presents the components of cryptocurrency expenses for the three months ended March 31:

 

     2023      2022  

Cost of Cryptocurrency (1) - BTM Kiosk

   $ 127,090,327      $ 124,453,159  

Cost of Cryptocurrency (1) - OTC

     —          1,958,110  

Cost of Cryptocurrency (1) - BDCheckout

     308,653        —    

Software Processing Fees

     204,752        855,687  

Exchange Fees

     18,539        33,085  

Mining Fees

     32,988        39,806  

Software Processing Fee - BDCheckout

     5,425        —    
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total cryptocurrency expenses

   $ 127,660,684      $ 127,339,847  
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

(1)

Cost of Cryptocurrency includes impairment losses recognized on cryptocurrencies net of any gains recognized from sales of cryptocurrencies on an exchange. Impairment of $2,186,794 and $3,225,958, were offset by gains from the sale of cryptocurrencies on exchange of $0 and $989,084 for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022 respectively.

 

49


LUX VENDING, LLC (DBA BITCOIN DEPOT)

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(UNAUDITED)

 

The Company presents cost of revenue in the consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income exclusive of depreciation related to BTM kiosks and amortization of intangible assets related to software applications, tradenames and customer relationships.

The following table reconciles amounts excluded from the cost of revenue (excluding depreciation and amortization) caption in the consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income included in total depreciation and amortization expense in the consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income for the period presented:

 

     2023      2022  

Depreciation of owned BTM kiosks

   $ 681,396      $ 712,636  

Depreciation of leased BTM kiosks

     1,662,811        3,688,205  

Amortization of intangible assets

     373,709        373,198  
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total depreciation and amortization excluded from cost of revenue

     2,717,916        4,774,039  
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Other depreciation and amortization included in operating expenses

     77,650        26,080  
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total depreciation and amortization

   $ 2,795,566      $ 4,800,119  
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

(7) Fair Value Measurements

Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis

The Company did not have any assets or liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022.

Contingent Consideration

The following table presents the changes in the estimated fair value of the contingent consideration liability measured using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3):

 

     Three Months Ended
March 31, 2023
     Year ended
December 31,
2022
 

Balance, beginning of period / year

   $ 1,840,708      $ 2,879,000  

Change in fair value during the period / year

     69,341        961,708  

Payment made during the period / year

     —          (2,000,000
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Balance, end of period / year

   $ 1,910,049      $ 1,840,708  
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Contingent consideration related to the BitAccess acquisition in July 2021 was measured at the probability-weighted fair value at the date of acquisition which was estimated by applying an income valuation approach based on Level 3 inputs consisting primarily of a discount rate and probability of achieving the performance metrics. During the year end December 31, 2022, the Company made the first year payment of $2,000,000 to the former owners of BitAccess as the performance conditions were determined to have been met. In addition, the Company amended the contingent consideration arrangement to remove the performance conditions for the second year payment such that the full $2,000,000 related to the second year payment will be

 

50


LUX VENDING, LLC (DBA BITCOIN DEPOT)

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(UNAUDITED)

 

paid out in accordance with the agreement on July 31, 2023. As such, the contingent consideration liability as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022 is no longer a Level 3 fair value measurement as the contingency has been removed. The current portion of the contingent consideration due has been recorded in earn-out liability, current, in the accompanying consolidated Balance Sheet as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022 at present value using a 15% discount rate. The change in fair value of the contingent consideration is recognized in interest expense in the consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022. The difference between the recorded fair value of the payments and the ultimate payment amounts was not material to any period.

Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Non-recurring Basis

The Company’s non-financial assets, such as goodwill, intangible assets, property and equipment, operating lease right-of-use assets, and cryptocurrencies are adjusted down to fair value when an impairment charge is recognized. Certain fair value measurements are based predominantly on Level 3 inputs. No impairment charges related to goodwill, intangible assets, operating lease right-of-use assets and property and equipment have been recognized for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022. Fair value of cryptocurrencies are based on Level 1 inputs. The carrying value of the Company’s cryptocurrency reflects any impairment charges recorded since its purchase or receipt.

Assets and Liabilities Not Measured and Recorded at Fair Value

The Company considers the carrying value of cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable and accrued expenses (excluding contingent consideration) in the consolidated financial statements to approximate fair value due to their short maturities.

The Company estimates the fair value of its fixed-rated notes payable based on quoted prices in markets that are not active, which is considered a Level 2 valuation input. As of March 31, 2023, the estimated fair value of the fixed-rated note was approximately $37,218,000 and the carrying value was $35,476,618.

(8) Member’s Equity

Articles of Incorporation

Under the articles of incorporation, all of the Company’s membership interest was held by an individual member. On November 13, 2020, the individual member of the Company contributed 100% of the interest held into a newly formed Corporation, BT Assets, Inc. (the “sole Member”), which is 100% owned by the individual member. On November 13, 2020, BT Assets, Inc. elected to be taxed as an S Corporation and the Company elected to be taxed as an S Corporation subsidiary of BT Assets, Inc. The Company can make distributions in cash or other property to the Member at the sole discretion of the Member.

Noncontrolling Interest

In July 2021, the Company obtained a controlling interest in BitAccess Inc. in a business combination. The un-affiliated interest in BitAccess Inc. is reported as Noncontrolling interest in subsidiary in the accompanying consolidated financial statements. As of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the noncontrolling interest ownership was 16.61% and 15.31%, respectively.

The Noncontrolling interest has certain rights as defined in the Amended and Restated Shareholders Agreement, including the right, but not the obligation, to cause the Company to purchase the noncontrolling interest

 

51


LUX VENDING, LLC (DBA BITCOIN DEPOT)

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(UNAUDITED)

 

immediately prior to a liquidity event (as defined in the Amended and Restated Shareholders Agreement) at the fair value of the noncontrolling interest as of the liquidity event. The right is not mandatorily redeemable. The Company also holds a right, but not an obligation, to cause the noncontrolling interest holders to sell the noncontrolling interest under the same conditions.

(9) Cryptocurrencies

Cryptocurrencies are accounted for as an indefinite-lived intangible assets and are recognized at cost, net of impairment losses. Impairments are recorded whenever the fair value of the cryptocurrency decreases below its carrying value at any time during the period from acquisition. After an impairment loss is recognized, the adjusted carrying amount of the cryptocurrency becomes its new accounting basis and this new adjusted cost basis will not be adjusted upward for any subsequent increase in fair value.

The carrying values of cryptocurrencies were the following at March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022:

 

Cryptocurrency

   March 31,
2023
     December 31,
2022
 

BTC

   $ 400,889      $ 522,987  

ETH

     1,221        8,990  

LTC

     —          7,919  
  

 

 

    

 

 

 
   $ 402,110      $ 539,896  
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

The following table presents additional information about the adjusted cost basis of cryptocurrencies:

 

March 31, 2023

   BTC      ETH      LTC      Total  

Beginning balance

   $ 522,987      $ 8,990      $ 7,919      $ 539,896  

Purchases or receipts of cryptocurrencies

     127,530,116        3,971        3,088        127,537,175  

Cost of cryptocurrencies sold or distributed

     (125,465,421      (11,740      (11,007      (125,488,168

Impairment of cryptocurrencies

     (2,186,794      —          —          (2,186,794
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Ending Balance

   $ 400,889      $ 1,221      $ —        $ 402,110  
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

March 31, 2022

   BTC      ETH      LTC      Total  

Beginning balance

   $ 563,076      $ 5,988,565      $ 6,112      $ 6,557,753  

Purchases or receipts of cryptocurrencies

     128,388,240        205,890        847,249        129,441,379  

Cost of cryptocurrencies sold or distributed

     (126,274,784      (2,769,841      (836,106      (129,880,731

Impairment of cryptocurrencies

     (1,860,960      (1,358,020      (6,978      (3,225,958
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Ending Balance

   $ 815,572      $ 2,066,594      $ 10,277      $ 2,892,443  
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Purchases of cryptocurrencies represent the cash paid by the Company to purchase cryptocurrencies on various exchanges and from liquidity providers and related transaction costs to acquire the cryptocurrencies, as well as any receipts of cryptocurrency sold to Bitcoin Depot by customers to the Company at the kiosks and paid to the Company for software services revenue. Costs of cryptocurrencies sold or distributed represents the cost basis of purchased cryptocurrencies, net of impairment costs recorded through the date of disposition.

 

52


LUX VENDING, LLC (DBA BITCOIN DEPOT)

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(UNAUDITED)

 

(10) Goodwill and Intangible Assets, net

Intangible assets, net were comprised of the following at March 31, 2023:

 

     Estimated
life
     Cost Basis      Accumulated
Amortization
    Net      Remaining
Weighted-Average
Amortization
Period
 

Tradenames

     5 years        1,233,000        (423,115     809,885        3.29  

Customer relationships

     5 years        2,574,000        (883,292     1,690,708        3.29  

Software applications

     5 years        3,771,000        (1,294,053     2,476,947        3.29  
     

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

    
            $7,578,000      $(2,600,460)     $4,977,540         
     

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

    

Intangible assets, net were comprised of the following at December 31, 2022:

 

     Estimated
life
     Cost Basis      Accumulated
Amortization
    Net      Remaining
Weighted-Average
Amortization
Period
 

Tradenames

     5 years        1,233,000        (362,310     870,690        3.54  

Customer relationships

     5 years        2,574,000        (756,355     1,817,645        3.54  

Software applications

     5 years        3,771,000        (1,108,086     2,662,914        3.54  
     

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

    
      $ 7,578,000      $ (2,226,751   $ 5,351,249     
     

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

    

Amortization expense related to the intangibles with estimated lives of five years totaled $373,709 and $373,198 for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively, and is included in depreciation and amortization in the consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income.

Estimated future amortization expense as of March 31, 2023 approximately as follows:

 

     Amount  

2023 (for the remainder of)

   $ 1,141,891  

2024

     1,515,600  

2025

     1,515,600  

2026

     804,449  
  

 

 

 
   $ 4,977,540  
  

 

 

 

There was no change in the amount of goodwill from December 31, 2022 to the three months ended March 31, 2023.

(11) Note Payable

On December 21, 2020, the Company entered into a $25,000,000 credit agreement with a financial institution which is subject to annual interest at a rate of 15% per annum (the “Note”). In 2021, the Note was amended to provide an additional $15,000,000 to fund the acquisition of BitAccess Inc. In March 2022, the Note was amended to provide an additional term loan in an aggregate principal amount of $5,000,000. The Company is required to make monthly interest payments and fixed principal payments every six months beginning on July 15, 2021 through December 15, 2024. The Note matures on December 15, 2024, at which time, any

 

53


LUX VENDING, LLC (DBA BITCOIN DEPOT)

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(UNAUDITED)

 

outstanding principal balance and any accrued interest become due. The Note is collateralized by substantially all of the assets of the Company and is guaranteed by BT Assets, Inc. (the sole Member of the Company), Mintz Assets, Inc., Express Vending, Inc., Intuitive Software, LLC, Digital Gold Ventures, Inc. and BitAccess Inc. The Company is subject to certain financial covenants contained in the Note, which require the Company to maintain certain cash balances, a minimum consolidated cash interest coverage ratio, and a maximum consolidated total leverage ratio, in addition to customary administrative covenants.

Note payable consisted of the following as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022:

 

     March 31,
2023
     December 31,
2022
 

Note payable

     37,169,000        39,419,000  

Less: unamortized deferred financing costs

     (1,692,382      (1,847,358
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total Note payable

     35,476,618        37,571,642  

Less: current portion of note payable

     (8,500,000      (8,050,000
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Note payable, net of current portion

   $ 26,976,618      $ 29,521,642  
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

At March 31, 2023, aggregate future principal payments are as follows:

 

     Amount  

2023

   $ 8,500,000  

2024

     28,669,000  
  

 

 

 
   $ 37,169,000  
  

 

 

 

Subsequent to March 31, 2023, the Company amended the Note. See Note 18.

(12) Income Taxes

The Company’s income tax benefit for the three months ended March 31, 2023 was $621,841 compared to income tax expense of $311,331 for the three months ended March 31,2022. The Company’s effective tax rate was -11.40% for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and -10.17% for the three months ended March 31,2022. The increase to income tax benefit was primarily due to share based payments and net operating losses in BitAccess.

The Company’s statutory U.S. federal income tax rate is 0% as Lux Vending, LLC is taxed as S corporation. The effective tax rate differs from the statutory U.S. federal rate of 21% primarily because of the election to be taxed as an S corporation and is also driven by the operating losses in foreign entities. The operating losses in BitAccess Inc. are expected to be recoverable in future years based on the projected financial results for BitAccess Inc. The net operating losses in Express Vending, Inc. are not expected to be recoverable in future years. Therefore, a full valuation allowance has been recorded in the amount of $238,566 for the three months ended March 31, 2023.

(13) Share-Based Compensation

BitAccess maintains a stock option plan for its employees under the Amended and Restated Stock Option Plan, (the “Plan”). Pursuant to the Plan agreement, awards of stock options and restricted stock units (“RSU”) are permitted to be made to employees and shareholders of BitAccess. As of March 31, 2023, all awards under the Plan had been issued.

 

54


LUX VENDING, LLC (DBA BITCOIN DEPOT)

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(UNAUDITED)

 

The options generally vest over a two-year period following the one-year anniversary of the date of grant and expire not more than 10 years from the date of grant.

A summary of the Company’s stock option activity and related information is as follows:

 

     Options     Weighted-average
exercise price
     Weighted-average
remaining
contractual term
     Weighted-average
grant-date fair
value
 

Outstanding at January 1, 2023

     106,938     $ 0.59        8.73      $ 4.26  

Granted

     39,600       2.86        9.76        3.05  

Exercised

     (38,562     —          —          4.44  

Forfeited

     —         —          —          —    
  

 

 

         

Outstanding at March 31, 2023

     107,976     $ 2.08        9.15      $ 3.09  
  

 

 

         

Vested at March 31, 2023

     2,063     $ 2.86        —        $ 3.02  
  

 

 

         

 

     Options     Weighted-average
exercise price
    Weighted-average
remaining
contractual term
     Weighted-average
grant-date fair
value
 

Outstanding at January 1, 2022

     308,253     $ —         9.55      $ 4.44  

Granted

     84,380       2.86       9.34        3.10  

Exercised

     (240,195     —         —          4.44  

Forfeited

     (45,500     (2.86     —          (3.10
  

 

 

        

Outstanding at December 31, 2022

     106,938     $ 0.59       8.73      $ 4.26  
  

 

 

        

Vested at December 31, 2022

     1,719     $ 2.86       —        $ 3.02  
  

 

 

        

The RSUs generally vest over a two-year period beginning following the one-year anniversary of the date of grant and expire not more than 10 years from the date of grant. A summary of the Company’s restricted stock award activity is as follows:

 

     Restricted
Stock Units
 

Outstanding at January 1, 2023

     81,142  

Exercised

     (23,308
  

 

 

 

Outstanding at March 31, 2023

     57,834  
  

 

 

 

Outstanding at January 1, 2022

     237,600  

Exercised

     (156,458
  

 

 

 

Outstanding at December 31, 2022

     81,142  
  

 

 

 

The Company recognized compensation expense of $191,201 and $302,988 during the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively, and it is included in selling, general and administrative expenses in the consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income. As of March 31, 2023, there was $747,533 of unrecognized compensation expense related to unvested share options and nonvested restricted shares.

Phantom Equity Participation Plan

The Company has a Phantom Equity Participation Plan dated July 25, 2021 (the “Phantom Plan”) for certain employees. The Phantom Plan awards eligible participants performance units entitling the holder to receive cash

 

55


LUX VENDING, LLC (DBA BITCOIN DEPOT)

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(UNAUDITED)

 

payments contingent upon certain qualifying events. The performance units vest according to the terms approved in the Phantom Plan, contingent upon the employee remaining continuously in service with the Company through the date of the qualifying event. Total units available to be issued under the plan were 15,000, and total units issued were 1,200 as of March 31, 2023 and 1,400 as of December 31, 2022. The Company does not record any liability or expense for payments until the qualifying event is probable to occur and as such, no liability was recorded as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively, and no expense for payments was recorded for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022.

(14) Defined Contribution Plan

The Company sponsors a defined contribution plan under Section 401(k) of the Internal Revenue Code. Employees who are over the age of 21 years are eligible to participate in the plan. Eligible employees may elect to defer a percentage of eligible compensation, which is subject to an annual limit of the lesser of 90% of eligible compensation or the maximum limit set by the IRS. The Company matches employee contributions up to a maximum of 50% of the participant’s compensation deferral, limited to 6% of the employee’s compensation. For the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, the Company made contributions of $55,828 and $51,965, respectively, to the plan. These expenses are included in selling, general and administrative expenses in the consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income.

(15) Significant Vendor

For the three months ended March 31, 2022, the Company had a significant vendor from which they purchased substantially all of their kiosks, and from which the Company licenses software which is embedded in the kiosks to facilitate cryptocurrency transactions. For the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, the Company purchased software services of $176,162 and $808,444 respectively, which are included in cost of revenue in the consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income. The accounts payable balance included $0 and $0 related to this vendor at March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively.

During 2022, the Company migrated substantially all of its legacy BTM kiosks from the third-party vendor to its BitAccess software platform. As of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the Company no longer has a significant vendor relationship where the Company is dependent on an external party for software services related to its BTMs.

(16) Leases

The Company adopted Topic 842 effective January 1, 2022 using the modified retrospective transition approach. The Company has utilized the effective date transition method and accordingly is not required to adjust its comparative period financial information for effects of Topic 842. However, Topic 842 requires a Company to continue to disclose comparative period financial information under the previous leasing guidance. The Company has elected to adopt practical expedients which permits it to not reassess its prior conclusions about lease identification, lease classification and initial direct cost under the new standard. The Company elected not to recognize ROU assets and lease liabilities for leases with terms of 12 months or less at lease commencement and do not include an option to purchase the underlying asset that the Company is reasonably certain to exercise. The Company determines if an arrangement is a lease, or contains a lease, at inception of a contract and when the terms of an existing contract are changed. The Company recognizes a lease liability and an ROU asset at the commencement date of each lease. For operating and finance leases, the lease liability is initially measures at the present value of the unpaid lease payments at the lease commencement date. The lease liability is subsequently measured at amortized cost using the effective-interest method. The ROU asset is initially measured at cost,

 

56


LUX VENDING, LLC (DBA BITCOIN DEPOT)

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(UNAUDITED)

 

which comprises the initial amount of the lease liability adjusted for lease payments made at or before lease commencement date, plus any initial direct costs incurred less any lease incentives received. Variable payments are included in the future lease payments when those variable payments are included in the future lease payment when those variable payments depend on an index or a rate. The discount rate is the implicit rate, if it is readily determinable, or the Company’s incremental borrowing rate. The Company’s incremental borrowing rate for a lease is the rate of interest it would have to pay on a collateralized basis to borrow an amount equal to the lease payments under similar terms and in a similar economic environment. The Company recognizes lease costs associated with short-term leases on a straight-line basis over the lease term. When contracts contain lease and nonlease components, the Company accounts for both components as a single lease component.

On adoption, the Company recognized operating lease liabilities of $617,491 with corresponding right-of-use (“ROU”) assets of $383,723 which is the net of operating lease liabilities on adoption and deferred rent liability of $233,768 at January 1, 2022. As part of the Topic 842 adoption, the Company reclassified existing capital lease obligations to finance lease obligations, which are presented as current installments of obligations under finance leases and obligation under leases, noncurrent on the consolidated Balance Sheets. There was no impact on the Statements of Changes in Member’s Equity for the adoption of Topic 842.

Floorspace leases

The Company has obligations as a lessee for floorspace. These leases meet the short-term lease criteria as the floorspace leases generally are cancellable by the Company with a 30 day or less notice. Accordingly, the Company has applied the practical expedient that allows the Company to recognize short-term lease payments on a straight-line basis over the lease term on the consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income and did not record ROU assets and lease liabilities for floorspace leases as of 2023.

Office space leases

The Company has obligations as a lessee for office space under a noncancellable lease arrangement that expires in May 2025, with options to renew up to five years. Payments due under the lease contracts include mainly fixed payments. The lease for the office space is classified as operating lease in accordance with Topic 842.

BTM kiosk leases

The Company has obligations as a lessee for BTM kiosks. The leases for the BTM kiosks are classified as finance leases in accordance with Topic 842 that expire on various dates through December 2024. The BTM kiosk lease agreements are for two or three year terms and include various options to either renew the lease, purchase the kiosks or exercise a bargain option to purchase the kiosk at the end of the term.

During the year end December 31, 2022, the Company amended an existing lease agreement with a lessor through various amendments. Under these amendments, the Company extended the lease term and revised the purchase option to include a purchase requirement at the end of the lease term. Under the payment schedule, the Company will pay $1,942,558 of the purchase price over 24 months beginning in January 2023 and will pay the remaining $6,972,662 under the following payment schedule: (a) $1,914,280 payable on April 2023; (b) $2,537,611 payable on July 2023; (c) $1,251,430 payable on October 2023; and (d) $1,269,341 payable on January 2024. As a result of the modification, the Company remeasured its finance lease assets and liabilities on the dates of the modifications. The remeasurement increased net book value of the BTM kiosk by $8,905,378, increased the finance liability by $9,077,278 at December 31, 2022. When the Company purchases the assets at the end of the finance lease, these assets will be amortized over the remaining useful life.

 

57


LUX VENDING, LLC (DBA BITCOIN DEPOT)

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(UNAUDITED)

 

On March 31, 2023, the Company terminated an existing lease arrangement with a lessor and simultaneously entered into a new lease arrangement with a new lessor for 689 BTMs. Under this agreement, the new lessor agreed to purchase the BTM’s from the original lessor. Upon the termination of the original agreement, the Company removed the remaining right-of-use asset and the finance lease liability of $2,446,809 and $1,914,280, respectively and recognized a loss of $532,529 recorded in other (expense) income in the consolidated Statement of Income and Comprehensive Income. The new lease commenced on March 31, 2023 and has a 3 year noncancellable period. Total fixed payments due on an undiscounted basis over the 3 year noncancellable period of the lease are $2,379,600. The Company will acquire the assets for a bargain purchase price of $1 at the end of the term. Due to the bargain purchase option, the Company classified the new lease as a finance lease. The Company recognized a finance lease liability of $1,914,280 discounted at an interest rate implicit in the lease and a corresponding right-of-use asset of $1,914,280.

The components of the lease expense are as follows for the three months ended:

 

     March 31,
2023
     March 31,
2022
 

Finance lease expense:

     

Amortization of right-of-use-assets

   $ 2,215,218      $ 3,688,205  

Interest on lease liabilities

     1,107,046        1,414,713  
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total finance lease expense

     3,322,264        5,102,918  

Operating lease expense

     52,718        58,673  

Short-term lease expense

     9,032,306        10,188,657  
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total lease expense

   $ 12,407,288      $ 15,350,248  
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

     March 31,
2023
    March 31,
2022
 

Other information:

    

Operating cash flows used for finance leases

     (1,107,046     (1,414,713

Operating cash flows used for operating leases

     (57,103     (55,442

Financing cash flows used for finance leases

     (3,154,007     (4,102,389

Weighted-average remaining lease term - finance leases

     1.82       2.66  

Weighted-average remaining lease term - operating leases

     2.17       3.17  

Weighted-average discount rate - finance leases

     18.5     17.3

Weighted-average discount rate - operating leases

     15.0     15.0

Maturities of the lease liability under the noncancellable operating lease as of March 31, 2023 are as follows:

 

     Operating Leases  

2023 (for the remainder of)

   $ 171,308  

2024

     235,281  

2025

     100,968  
  

 

 

 

Total undiscounted lease payments

     507,557  

Less: imputed interest

     (71,904
  

 

 

 

Total operating lease liability

     435,653  

Less: operating lease liabilities, current

     (230,128
  

 

 

 

Operating lease liabilities, net of current portion

   $ 205,525  
  

 

 

 

 

58


LUX VENDING, LLC (DBA BITCOIN DEPOT)

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(UNAUDITED)

 

Maturities of the lease liability under the noncancellable finance leases as of March 31, 2023 are as follows:

 

     Finance Leases  

2023 (for the remainder of)

   $ 16,385,978  

2024

     7,133,746  

2025

     793,201  

2026

     198,300  
  

 

 

 

Total undiscounted lease payments

     24,511,225  

Less: imputed interest

     (3,088,186
  

 

 

 

Total finance lease liability

     21,423,039  

Less: current installments of obligations under finance leases

     (16,036,083
  

 

 

 

Obligations under finance leases, excluding current installments

   $ 5,386,956  
  

 

 

 

(17) Commitments and Contingencies

Litigation

From time to time in the regular course of its business, the Company is involved in various lawsuits, claims, investigations and other legal matters. Except as noted below, there are no material legal proceedings pending or known by the Company to be contemplated to which the Company is a party or to which any of its property is subject.

The Company believes that adequate provisions for resolution of all contingencies, claims and pending litigation have been made for probable losses that are reasonably estimable. These contingencies are subject to significant uncertainties and the Company is unable to estimate the amount or range of loss, if any, in excess of amounts accrued. The Company does not believe that the ultimate outcome of these actions will have a material adverse effect on its financial condition but could have a material adverse effect on its results of operations, cash flows or liquidity in a given quarter or year.

On January 13, 2023, Canaccord Genuity Corp. (“Canaccord”) commenced proceedings against the Company by filing a claim with the Superior Court of Justice in Toronto, Ontario which named Lux Vending, LLC as the defendant. Canaccord is a financial services firm in Canada that the Company previously had hired to perform advisory services related to a potential initial public offering in Canada or sales transaction. The claim asserts that Lux Vending, LLC breached the contract by terminating the contract to avoid paying fees for their services and that Canaccord is entitled to $22.3 million in damages equivalent to the fees alleged to be payable for breach of contract that would have been owed upon the closing of a transaction to acquire control, the sale of substantially all the Company’s assets, or a merger transaction pursuant to the previously terminated engagement letter for advisory services. Canaccord proposes that the amount of fees would be calculated on the total cash transaction value of the business combination of $880.0 million. The claim also seeks an award for legal and other costs relating to the proceeding. Apart from the initial exchange of pleadings, as of April 14, 2023, no further steps have been taken in the proceeding.

Bitcoin Depot does not believe the allegations made against it are valid and intends to vigorously defend against them. The range of potential loss related to the identified claim is between $0 and $22.3 million, the amount of damages that Canaccord is seeking in the lawsuit. The additional costs mentioned in the claim are not able to be estimated at this time.

 

59


LUX VENDING, LLC (DBA BITCOIN DEPOT)

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(UNAUDITED)

 

Financial and tax regulations

Legislation or guidance may be issued by U.S. and non-U.S. governing bodies, including Financial Crimes Enforcement Network (“FinCen”) and the Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”), that may differ significantly from the Company’s practices or interpretation of the law, which could have unforeseen effects on our financial condition and results of operations, and accordingly, the related impact on our financial condition and results of operations is not estimable. Prior to 2022, the IRS concluded an examination of the Company related to certain regulatory reporting requirements related to cryptocurrency sales to certain customers. Based on the outcome of the examination, the Company has concluded it is not probable that any fines or penalties will be assessed against the Company. As a result, no accrual has been recorded in the accompanying consolidated financial statements.

(18) Subsequent Events

On May 2, 2023 and May 4, 2023, the Company amended its Note with its lender. Pursuant to the May 2, 2023 amendment, the accelerated repayment feature in the event of a business combination transaction or a change in control transaction was extended to August 15, 2023, contingent upon the closing of the business combination, to allow for a negotiation of the repayment schedule. In addition, the fixed interest rate in the Note was modified to increase the rate from 15% per annum to 20% per annum effective February 15, 2023 through August 15, 2023, and requires a catch-up payment of approximately $0.3 million to be made for the incremental interest from February 15, 2023 through March 31, 2023, on or before May 15, 2023.

On May 23, 2023, the Company entered into a non-binding Letter of Interest with a financial institution for a $20.7 million Senior Secured Note (“Senior Note”) with a maturity of 3 years from the funding date. The Senior Note is expected to include standard financial covenants including a minimum liquidity and leverage ratio. Upon finalization of the terms of the Senior Note and completion of customary diligence activities by the financial institution, the Company expects that the proceeds from the Senior Note, together with cash on hand, would be used to repay its existing Note.

 

60

Exhibit 99.2

UNAUDITED PRO FORMA CONDENSED COMBINED FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Defined terms included below have the same meaning as terms defined and included elsewhere in this Form 8-K.

Introduction:

The unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial information is prepared in accordance with Article 11 of Regulation S-X as amended by the final rule, Release No. 33-10786 “Amendments to Financial Disclosures about Acquired and Disposed Businesses.” The unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial information presents the pro forma effects of the acquisition of BT OpCo by PubCo resulting in reorganization into an umbrella partnership C corporation structure (or “Up-C” structure), and other agreements entered into as part of the Transaction Agreements.

PubCo is a blank check company incorporated as a Delaware corporation on October 13, 2021. The Company was incorporated for the purpose of effecting a merger, capital stock exchange, asset acquisition, stock purchase, reorganization or similar business combination with one or more businesses.

The registration statement for PubCo’s IPO was declared effective on February 24, 2022. On March 1, 2022, PubCo consummated its IPO of 31,625,000 units, including the issuance of 4,125,000 units as a result of the underwriter’s full exercise of their over-allotment option, at $10.00 per unit, generating gross proceeds of approximately $316.3 million, and incurring offering costs of approximately $4.7 million. Each unit consists of one share of PubCo Class A common stock, one PubCo public warrant and one-sixteenth (1/16) of one PubCo right. Each PubCo public warrant entitles the holder to purchase one share of PubCo Class A common stock at a price of $11.50 per share, subject to standard anti-dilutive adjustments. Each holder of a whole PubCo right received one share of PubCo Class A common stock upon consummation of the initial business combination. Simultaneously with the closing of the IPO, PubCo consummated the private placement of 12,223,750 PubCo private placement warrants at a price of $1.00 per PubCo private placement warrant to the Sponsor, generating proceeds of approximately $12.2 million. Upon the closing of the IPO and the private placement, approximately $321.0 million of net proceeds, including the net proceeds of the IPO and certain of the proceeds of the private placement, was placed in the Trust Account.

BT OpCo, a limited-liability company, was formed on June 7, 2016. BT OpCo owns and operates a network of Bitcoin ATM kiosks across North America where customers can buy and sell Bitcoin.

The unaudited pro forma condensed combined balance sheet as of March 31, 2023 combines the historical balance sheets of PubCo and BT OpCo on a pro forma basis as if the business combination and related transactions, summarized below, had been consummated on March 31, 2023. The unaudited pro forma condensed combined statement of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and the year ended December 31, 2022 combine the historical statements of operations of PubCo and BT OpCo for such period on a pro forma basis as if the business combination and related transactions had been consummated on January 1, 2022, the beginning of the earliest period presented. The related transactions contemplated by the Transaction Agreement that are given pro forma effect include transaction accounting adjustments, which represent adjustments occured in connection with the closing of the business combination, including the following:

 

   

the reverse recapitalization between PubCo and BT OpCo, whereby no goodwill or other intangible assets are recorded as historical costs approximate fair value, in accordance with GAAP;

 

   

the establishment of the deferred tax balance and Tax Receivable Agreement liability; and

 

   

entering into an Amended and Restated Credit Agreement with Silverview Credit Partners, LP, while not directly attributable to the Transaction was deemed to be material to the pro forma financial statements and included herein.

 

1


The unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial statements do not necessarily reflect what the post-combination company’s financial condition or results of operations would have been had the business combination and related transactions occurred on the dates indicated. The pro forma combined financial information also may not be useful in predicting the future financial condition and results of operations of the post-combination company. The actual financial position and results of operations may differ significantly from the pro forma amounts reflected herein due to a variety of factors.

This information should be read together with PubCo’s and BT OpCo audited and unaudited financial statements and related notes, the sections titled “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations of GSR II Meteora Acquisition Corp.,” and “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations of Bitcoin Depot” and other financial information included elsewhere in this Form 8-K or incorporated by reference.

 

2


The business combination will be accounted for as a common control transaction and reverse recapitalization in accordance with GAAP, as BT Assets controls BT OpCo both before and after the transactions. BT OpCo is determined to be the predecessor and the combined pro forma information represents a continuation of BT OpCo’s balance sheet and statement of operations, reflective of the recapitalization of the business combination.

Under this method of accounting, PubCo will be treated as the “acquired” company for financial reporting purposes. Accordingly, for accounting purposes, the business combination will be treated as the equivalent of BT OpCo issuing stock for the net assets of PubCo, accompanied by a recapitalization as a common control transaction. The net assets of PubCo will be stated at fair value (which is expected to approximate historical cost), with no goodwill or other intangible assets recorded.

Description of the Business Combination

Prior to or upon the Closing and in accordance with the Transaction Agreement and the ancillary agreements contemplated thereby, a series of transactions occurred whereby (i) BT HoldCo issued to BT Assets for certain BT HoldCo Common Units, (ii) PubCo paid cash to BT Assets in exchange for certain BT HoldCo Common Units, (iii) PubCo contributed cash to BT HoldCo in exchange for certain BT HoldCo Common Units, BT HoldCo Matching Warrants and a number of BT HoldCo Earnout Units equal to the number of newly issued shares of PubCo Class E common stock issued to Sponsor, (iv) Sponsor exchanged all shares of PubCo Class B common stock held by Sponsor for newly issued shares of PubCo Class A common stock and, subject to the terms of conversion or forfeiture and cancellation set forth in the Sponsor Agreement, PubCo Class E common stock, (v) BT Assets subscribed for newly issued shares of PubCo Class V common stock and (vi) PubCo may issue a certain number of additional shares of newly issued PubCo Class A common stock to persons who entered into written agreements with PubCo or BT HoldCo in connection with the Incentive Issuances, if any. As a result of and immediately following the Closing, BT Assets and PubCo hold approximately 71.3% and 28.7%, respectively, of the issued and outstanding BT HoldCo Common Units. Following the Closing, PubCo’s assets consist solely of its interests in BT HoldCo.

Earn-out Consideration

As part of the business combination, BT HoldCo issued certain BT HoldCo Earn-out Units to BT Assets and PubCo, which were issued as follows:

 

  1)

BT HoldCo issued (a) to BT Assets 5,000,000 Class 1 earnout units of BT HoldCo, 5,000,000 Class 2 earnout units of BT HoldCo, and 5,000,000 Class 3 earnout units, and (b) to PubCo 358,587 Class 1 earnout units of BT HoldCo, 358,587 Class 2 earnout units of BT HoldCo, and 358,587 Class 3 earnout units of BT HoldCo, and such BT HoldCo Earn-out Units will be subject to conversion as follows:

 

  (i)

If at any time during the seven year period following the Closing (the “First Earn-Out Period”), the closing share price of the PubCo Class A common stock is greater than $12.00 over any 10 Trading Days (which may be consecutive or not consecutive) within any 20 consecutive Trading Days (the “First Milestone”), then each BT HoldCo Class 1 Earn-Out Unit held by BT Assets shall automatically and immediately be converted into one BT HoldCo Common Unit after the occurrence of the First Milestone, along with an equal number of shares of PubCo Class V common stock.

 

  (ii)

If at any time during the First Earn-Out Period, the closing share price of PubCo Class A common stock is greater than $14.00 over any 10 Trading Days (which may be consecutive or not consecutive) within any 20 consecutive Trading Days (the “Second Milestone”), then each BT HoldCo Class 2 Earn-Out Unit held by BT Assets shall automatically and immediately be converted into one BT HoldCo Common Unit after the occurrence of the Second Milestone, along with an equal number of shares of PubCo Class V common stock.

 

3


  (iii)

If at any time during the 10 year period following the Closing (the “Second Earn-Out Period”, and together with the First Earn-Out Period, the “Earn-Out Period”), the closing share price of PubCo Class A common stock is greater than $16.00 over any 10 Trading Days (which may be consecutive or not consecutive) within any 20 consecutive Trading Days (the “Third Milestone”), then each BT HoldCo Class 3 Earn-Out Unit held by BT Assets shall automatically and immediately be converted into one BT HoldCo Common Unit after the occurrence of the Third Milestone, along with an equal number of PubCo Class V common stock.

Any Class 1 Earn-Out Units or Class 2 Earn-Out Units that are not converted into BT HoldCo Common Units shall be automatically and immediately forfeited and cancelled upon the date of the expiration of the First Earn-Out Period. Any Class 3 Earn-Out Units that are not converted into BT HoldCo Common Units shall be automatically and immediately forfeited and cancelled upon the date of the expiration of the Second Earn-Out Period.

Upon certain change of control transactions during the Earn-Out Period, each BT HoldCo Earn-Out Unit held by BT Assets is subject to conversion into one BT HoldCo Common Unit upon the achievement of certain milestones, as described above and in the Transaction Agreement, for the per share price of PubCo Class A common stock payable in connection with such change of control as agreed to by the parties, and any such shares of BT HoldCo Earn-Out Units held by BT Assets that are not converted into BT HoldCo Common Units will be cancelled upon the expiration of the Earn-Out Period.

 

  2)

A total of 1,075,761 shares of PubCo Class B common stock held by Sponsor were converted to 358,587 shares of PubCo Class E-1 common stock, 358,587 shares of PubCo Class E-2 common stock, and 358,587 shares of PubCo Class E-3 common stock pursuant to the redemptions of 28,169,844 shares of PubCo Class A common stock (the “actual redemptions”). PubCo Class E common stock held by Sponsor shall be subject to conversion or forfeiture and cancellation as follows:

 

  (i)

if at any time during the First Earn-Out Period, the First Milestone is achieved, then each share of the PubCo Class E-1 common stock held by Sponsor (“First Tranche”) shall automatically and immediately be converted into one share of PubCo Class A Common Stock after the occurrence of the First Milestone;

 

  (ii)

if at any time during the First Earn-Out Period, the Second Milestone is achieved, then each share of the PubCo Class E-2 common stock held by Sponsor (“Second Tranche”) shall automatically and immediately be converted into one share of PubCo Class A Common Stock after the occurrence of the Second Milestone;

 

  (iii)

if at any time during the Second Earn-Out Period, the Third Milestone is achieved, then each share of the PubCo Class E-3 common stock held by Sponsor (“Third Tranche”) shall automatically and immediately be converted into one share of PubCo Class A Common Stock after the occurrence of the Third Milestone.

Any First Tranche or Second Tranche of PubCo Class E Common Stock that are not converted to shares of PubCo Class A common stock shall be automatically and immediately forfeited and cancelled upon the date of the expiration of the First Earn-Out Period. Any Third Tranche of PubCo Class E common stock that are not converted to shares of PubCo Class A common stock shall be automatically and immediately forfeited and cancelled upon the date of the expiration of the Second Earn-Out Period.

 

4


Upon certain change of control transactions during the Earn-Out Period, each share of PubCo Class E common stock held by Sponsor is subject to conversion into one share of PubCo Class A common stock upon achievement of certain milestones, as described above and in the Transaction Agreement, for the per share price of PubCo Class A common stock payable in connection with such change of control as agreed to by the parties, and any such shares held by Sponsor that are not converted into PubCo Class A common stock will be cancelled upon the expiration of the Earn-Out Period.

Tax Receivable Agreement

At the Closing, PubCo entered into a Tax Receivable Agreement with BT HoldCo and BT Assets. Pursuant to the Tax Receivable Agreement, PubCo is generally required to pay BT Assets 85% of the amount of savings, if any, in U.S. federal, state, local, and foreign income taxes that PubCo realizes, or is deemed to realize, as a result of certain tax attributes (the “Tax Attributes”), including: (i) existing tax basis in certain assets of BT HoldCo and BT OpCo, including assets that will eventually be subject to depreciation or amortization, once placed in service, attributable to BT HoldCo Common Units acquired by PubCo at the Closing and thereafter in accordance with the terms of the Amended and Restated Limited Liability Company Agreement of BT HoldCo, (ii) tax basis adjustments which resulted from PubCo’s acquisition of BT HoldCo Common Units from BT Assets at the Closing and thereafter pursuant to the terms of the BT HoldCo Amended and Restated Limited Liability Company Agreement (including any such adjustments resulting from certain payments made by PubCo under the Tax Receivable Agreement), (iii) disproportionate tax-related allocations as a result of Section 704(c) of the Code, and (iv) tax deductions in respect of interest payments deemed to be made by PubCo in connection with the Tax Receivable Agreement.

Non-Redemption Agreements

In connection with the Business Combination, Bitcoin Depot also (i) issued 203,490 shares of Class A Common Stock to persons who entered into voting and non-redemption agreements (each a “Voting and Non-Redemption Agreement” and collectively, the “Voting and Non-Redemption Agreements”) with unaffiliated third parties (each a “Non-Redeeming Stockholder” and collectively, the “Non-Redeeming Stockholders”) in exchange for such Non-Redeeming Stockholders agreeing to either not redeem or to reverse any previously submitted redemption request in connection with a special meeting of stockholders called by GSR to consider and approve, among other proposals, an extension of time for GSR to consummate the Business Combination and (ii) (a) issued 454,350 shares of Class A Common Stock to certain Non-Redeeming Stockholders who entered into non-redemption agreements (“Non-Redemption Agreements”) in connection with the Special Meeting to consider and approve, among other proposals, the Business Combination and (b) paid a total of $18.7 million in cash to certain Non-Redeeming Stockholders who entered into Non-Redemption Agreements. Pursuant to the Voting and Non-Redemption Agreements and Non-Redemption Agreements, certain Non-Redeeming Stockholders became entitled to the registration rights set forth in the A&R Registration Rights Agreement (as defined herein). For more information, see the section entitled “Proposal No. 1—The Business Combination Proposal—Related Agreements—Non-Redemption Agreements.”

Credit Agreement

On December 21, 2020, BT OpCo entered into the Credit Agreement among BT OpCo, as borrower, BT Assets, as guarantor, the subsidiary guarantors party thereto, the financial institutions and institutional investors from time to time party thereto, as lenders, and Silverview Credit Partners, LP, as administrative agent, which provided for (i) initial term loans in an aggregate principal amount of $25.0 million, comprised of two $12.5 million tranches and (ii) a $15.0 million delayed draw term loan facility. In 2021, BT OpCo utilized the delayed draw term loan facility in the full amount of $15.0 million, and on March 31, 2022, BT OpCo amended the Credit Agreement to add a new $5.0 million tranche 3 term loan. The Term Loan is guaranteed by BT Assets and certain of our subsidiaries and is collateralized by substantially all of the assets of BT OpCo and those certain subsidiaries. On May 2, 2023, BT OpCo and Silverview Credit Partners, LP amended the credit agreement to extend the maturity date for the delayed draw term loan facility to August 15, 2023. As of December 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, the amount owed under the Term Loan totaled approximately $39.4 million and approximately $39.0 million, respectively.

 

5


Borrowings under the Term Loan bear interest at a rate of 15.0% per annum. Effective May 2, 2023, the Term Loan will bear interest at a rate of 20.0% per annum. The tranche 1 term loan matures on December 15, 2023, and the tranche 2 term loan, Tranche 3 Loan and Delayed Draw Loan mature on December 15, 2024. BT OpCo is required to make monthly interest payments and fixed principal payments every six months. The Credit Agreement contains certain affirmative and negative covenants customary for financings of this type, including compliance with a minimum cash balance of $2.5 million, a minimum consolidated cash interest coverage ratio of 1.75 to 1.00, and a maximum consolidated total leverage ratio of 2.50 to 1.00. As of December 31, 2022 and March 31, 2023, BT OpCo was in compliance with all financial covenants.

The proceeds of the borrowings under the Term Loan were used to fund the acquisition of BitAccess and expand headcount to support additional kiosks brought online.

On June 23, 2023, Lux Vending, LLC, a Georgia limited liability company (“BT OpCo”), entered into the Amended and Restated Credit Agreement (“Amended and Restated Credit Agreement”) among BT OpCo, as borrower, BT Assets, Inc., a Delaware corporation (“BT Assets”), as guarantor, the subsidiary guarantors party thereto, the financial institutions and institutional investors from time to time party thereto, as lenders, and Silverview Credit Partners, LP, as administrative agent, which provides BT OpCo with a $20,750,000 term loan (the “Term Loan”) and allows for, inter alia, entry into the Transaction (as defined in the Amended and Restated Credit Agreement). The Term Loan is guaranteed by BT Assets and certain of our subsidiaries and is collateralized by substantially all of the assets of BT OpCo, BT Assets and those certain subsidiaries. The Maturity Date is June 23, 2026 (the “Maturity Date”). Borrowings under the Term Loan bear interest at a rate of 17.0% per annum.

Commencing with the six-month period ending December 15, 2023, BT OpCo is required to make fixed principal repayments on the last day of each six-month period ending on December 15 or June 15 of each fiscal year. BT OpCo is required to pay interest monthly and on each prepayment date. The outstanding principal amount plus accrued and unpaid interest (if any), together with additional amounts required under the Amended and Restated Credit Agreement shall be paid in full on the Maturity Date.

The following summarizes the pro forma ownership, on a non-dilutive basis, of common stock of the combined company, excluding potential shares of common stock from dilutive securities, following the business combination:

 

     Shares      Ownership %(5)  

PubCo public shares(1)

     6,589,506        10.7

PubCo Sponsor and Director shares(2)

     6,844,946        11.1

Preferred shares(3)

     4,300,000        7.0

Cumulative PubCo Stockholders

     17,734,452        28.7

Existing BT Assets owners interest in PubCo(4)

     44,100,000        71.3
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total

     61,834,452        100.0
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

1)

Includes 3,455,156 shares of PubCo Class A common stock issued at PubCo’s IPO after redemptions and 1,976,510 shares of PubCo Class A common stock converted from Rights issued at PubCo’s IPO, 500,000 shares of PubCo Class A common stock issued to Brandon Mintz under Incentive Equity Plan, 203,490 shares of PubCo Class A common stock issued as part of incentive issuances, 454,350 shares of PubCo Class A Common Stock to non-redeeming stockholders. At the closing, PubCo issued to Brandon Mintz/Founder, 500,000 shares of PubCo Class A Common Stock under the Incentive Equity Plan, subject to any required withholding for applicable taxes (the “Post-Closing Founder Bonus”).

2)

Includes 5,769,185 shares of PubCo Class A common stock and PubCo Class E common stock that comprises 358,587 shares of PubCo Class E-1 common stock, 358,587 shares of Class E-2 common stock, and 358,587 shares of PubCo Class E-3 common stock. PubCo Class E common stock represents equity-classified earnouts to the Sponsor and is subject to forfeitures.

3)

Includes 4,300,000 shares of Series A Convertible Preferred Stock.

4)

Includes 44,100,000 non-economic super voting shares of PubCo Class V common stock issued to BT Assets at the Closing of the business combination. These are convertible into shares of PubCo Class M common stock, which are economically equivalent to the shares of PubCo Class A common stock. However, each share of PubCo Class M common stock is entitled to ten votes per share whereas each share of PubCo Class A common stock is entitled to one vote per share.

5)

Percentage totals may not foot due to rounding.

 

6


The following summarizes the pro forma ownership of common stock of the combined company, on a fully dilutive basis, assuming all dilutive securities are exercised and converted to economic shares of PubCo common stock on a one-for-one basis assuming no net settlement of shares upon exercise, following the business combination:

 

     Shares      Ownership %4  

PubCo public shares1

     42,514,506        35.2

PubCo Sponsor and Director shares2

     19,068,696        15.8

Cumulative PubCo Stockholders

     61,583,202        51.0

Existing BT Assets owners interest in PubCo3

     59,100,000        49.0
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total

     120,683,202        100.0
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

1)

Includes the impact of the exercise of 31,625,000 PubCo public warrants and conversion of 4,300,000 shares of Series A Preferred Stock into Class A Common Stock.

2)

Includes the impact of the exercise of 12,223,750 PubCo private placement warrants.

3)

Includes the impact of the conversion of BT HoldCo Earnout Units, which comprises 5,000,000 Class 1 Earnout Units of BT HoldCo, 5,000,000 Class 2 Earnout Units of BT HoldCo, and 5,000,000 Class 3 Earnout Units of BT HoldCo held by BT Assets, to BT HoldCo Common Units and an equal number of non-economic super voting shares of PubCo Class V common stock.

4)

Percentage totals may not foot due to rounding.

The following table summarizes the dilutive effect and the pro forma ownership of common stock of the combined company, and the effect of the per share value of PubCo common stock held by non-redeeming PubCo stockholders, assuming all dilutive securities are exercised and converted to economic shares of PubCo common stock on a one-for-one basis assuming no net settlement of shares upon exercise, following the business combination. The potential dilution impact is calculated at a per share price of $16.01, which represents the minimum price per share at which all dilutive securities are exercisable and can be converted to economic shares of PubCo common stock:

 

     Number of
Shares
     Value per Share(1)  

Base scenario(2)

     57,534,452      $ 16.01  

Assuming all PubCo Public Warrants are exercised(3)

     89,159,452      $ 10.33  

Assuming all PubCo Private Placement Warrants are exercised(4)

     69,758,202      $ 13.20  

Assuming all BT OpCo Class 1 Earn-Out Units are converted(5)

     62,534,452      $ 14.73  

Assuming all BT OpCo Class 2 Earn-Out Units are converted(5)

     62,534,452      $ 14.73  

Assuming all BT OpCo Class 3 Earn-Out Units are converted(5)

     62,534,452      $ 14.73  

Assuming Preferred stock are converted(6)

     61,834,452      $ 14.90  

Assuming all PubCo Public Warrants and PubCo Private Placement Warrants are exercised and BT OpCo Class 1 Earn-Out Units, BT OpCo Class 2 Earn-Out Units, and BT OpCo Class 3 Earn-Out Units are vested(7 )

     120,683,202      $ 7.63  

 

1)

Based on a post-transaction equity value of the combined company of $921.12 million.

 

7


2)

Represents the number of pro forma shares of common stock of the combined company, excluding potential shares of common stock from dilutive securities, following the business combination.

3)

Represents the Base Scenario plus the full exercise of 31,625,000 PubCo Public Warrants for a cash exercise price of $11.50 per share.

4)

Represents the Base Scenario plus the full exercise of 12,223,750 PubCo Private Placement Warrants for a cash exercise price of $11.50 per share.

5)

Represents the Base Scenario plus the full conversion of 5,000,000 BT HoldCo Class 1 Earn-Out Units, 5,000,000 BT HoldCo Class 2 Earn-Out Units, and 5,000,000 BT HoldCo Class 3 Earn-Out Units held by BT Assets, into an equal number of BT HoldCo Common Units after the occurrence of the First Milestone, Second Milestone, and Third Milestone (as defined in the Earn-out Consideration section above), respectively, along with an equal number of non-economic super voting shares of PubCo Class V common stock. These are convertible into shares of PubCo Class M common stock, which are economically equivalent to the shares of PubCo Class A common stock. However, each share of PubCo Class M common stock is entitled to ten votes per share whereas each share of PubCo Class A common stock is entitled to one vote per share.

6)

Represents the base scenario plus the conversion of all Series A preferred stock

7)

Represents the Base Scenario plus (i) the full exercise of PubCo Public Warrants and PubCo Private Placement Warrants and (ii) full conversion of BT HoldCo Class 1 Earn-Out Units, BT HoldCo Class 2 Earn-Out Units, and BT HoldCo Class 3 Earn-Out Units in accordance with the terms described above.

Assumptions and estimates underlying the unaudited pro forma adjustments set forth in the unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial statements are described in the accompanying notes. The unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial statements have been presented for illustrative purposes only and are not necessarily indicative of the operating results and financial position that would have been achieved had the business combination and related transactions occurred on the dates indicated. Further, the unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial statements do not purport to project the future operating results or financial position of PubCo following the completion of the business combination and related transactions. The unaudited pro forma adjustments represent PubCo’s management’s estimates based on information available as of the date of these unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial statements and are subject to change as additional information becomes available and analyses are performed.

 

8


UNAUDITED PRO FORMA CONDENSED COMBINED BALANCE SHEET

AS OF MARCH 31, 2023

(in thousands)

 

    As of March 31, 2023     As of March 31, 2023                     As of March 31, 2023  
    PubCo (Historical)     BT OpCo (Historical)     Historical Combined     Transaction Accounting
Adjustments
        Pro Forma
Combined
 

ASSETS

           

Current assets

           

Cash and cash equivalents

  $ 75     $ 41,665     $ 41,740     $ 36,196     B   $ 22,235  
          (25,550   C  
          (10,106   D  
          4     E  
          (583   P  
          (39,419   Q  
          19,953     Q  

Restricted cash

    —         —         —         —           —    

Cryptocurrencies

    —         402       402       —           402  

Accounts receivable, net

    —         746       746       —           746  

Prepaid expenses and other current assets

    453       4,086       4,539       —           4,539  
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

     

 

 

 

Total current assets

    528       46,899       47,427       (19,505       27,922  

Property and equipment

           

Furniture and fixtures

    —         618       618       —           618  

Leasehold improvements

    —         172       172       —           172  

Kiosk machines - owned

    —         14,964       14,964       —           14,964  

Kiosk machines - leased

    —         35,584       35,584       —           35,584  

Vehicles

    —         17       17       —           17  
    —         51,355       51,355       —           51,355  

Less: accumulated depreciation

    —         (15,972     (15,972     —           (15,972
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

     

 

 

 

Total property and equipment

    —         35,383       35,383       —           35,383  

Other non-current assets

           

Intangible assets, net

    —         4,978       4,978       —           4,978  

Goodwill

    —         8,717       8,717       —           8,717  

Operating lease right-of-use assets, net

    —         279       279       —           279  

Security deposits

    —         17       17       —           17  

Investments held in Trust Account

    328,326       —         328,326       (292,129   A     1  
          (36,196   B  
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

     

 

 

 

Total other non-current assets

    328,326       13,991       342,317       (328,325       13,992  
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

     

 

 

 

Total assets

  $ 328,854     $ 96,273     $ 425,127     $ (347,830     $ 77,297  
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

     

 

 

 

LIABILITIES

           

Current liabilities

           

Accounts payable

  $ 255     $ 8,112     $ 8,367     $ —           $ 8,367  

Accrued expenses

    4,661       12,123       16,784       (2,311   C     21,573  
          700     J  
          2,000     K  
          4,400     L  

Earn out liability

    —         1,910       1,910       —           1,910  

Notes payable

    —         8,500       8,500       (8,500   Q     830  
          830     Q  

Income taxes payable

    1,529       720       2,249       —           2,249  

Deferred revenue

    —         47       47       —           47  

Operating lease liabilities, current portion

    —         230       230       —           230  

Current installments of obligations under finance leases

    —         16,036       16,036       —           16,036  

Other tax payable

    50       —         50       2,921     A     2,971  
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

     

 

 

 

Total current liabilities

    6,495       47,678       54,173       40         54,213  

Long-term liabilities

           

Notes payable, non current

    —         26,977       26,977       (26,977   Q     19,123  
          19,123     Q  

Operating lease liabilities, non-current

    —         206       206       —           206  

Obligations under finance leases, non-current

    —         5,387       5,387       —           5,387  

Deferred income tax, net

    —         811       811       —           811  

Tax receivable agreement liability

    —         —         —         754     S     754  
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

     

 

 

 

Total long-term liabilities

    —         33,381       33,381       (7,100       26,281  
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

     

 

 

 

Total liabilities

    6,495       81,059       87,554       (7,060       80,494  
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

     

 

 

 

Redeemable equity

           

Class A common stock subject to possible redemption

    326,647       —         326,647       (292,129   A     —    
          (34,518   M  

Redeemable non-controlling interest

    —         —         —         —           —    
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

     

 

 

 

Total redeemable equity

    326,647       —         326,647       (326,647       —    
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

     

 

 

 

EQUITY

           

Stockholder’s equity

           

Equity attributed to Lux Vending, LLC

    —         13,183       13,183       (13,183   F     —    

Class A common stock

    —         —         —         1     F     6  
          5     N  

Class B common stock

    1       —         1       (1   F     —    

Class V common stock

    —         —         —         4     E     4  

Preferred stock

    —         —         —         5,250     O     5,250  

ESA subscription receivable

    —         —         —         (5,250   O     (5,250

Additional paid-in capital

    —         —         —         (2,921   A     33,446  
          (4,556   C  
          (10,106   D  
          13,183     F  
          (4,289   G  
          (754   S  
          1,908     I  
          34,518     M  
          4,995     N  
          1,468     R  

Accumulated deficit

    (4,289     —         (4,289     (18,683   C     (34,563
          4,289     G  
          (928   H  
          (700   J  
          (2,000   K  
          (1,259   L  
          (5,000   N  
          (583   P  
          (3,942   Q  
          (1,468   R  

Accumulated other comprehensive loss

    —         (182     (182     —           (182
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

     

 

 

 

Total stockholder’s equity

    (4,288     13,001       8,713       (10,002       (1,289

Non-controlling interest

           

Equity attributed to noncontrolling interest

    —         2,213       2,213       928     H     (1,908
          (1,908   I  
          (3,141   L  
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

     

 

 

 

Total non-controlling interest

    —         2,213       2,213       (4,121       (1,908
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

     

 

 

 

Total equity

    (4,288     15,214       10,926       (14,123       (3,197
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

     

 

 

 

Total liability, redeemable equity and equity

  $ 328,854     $ 96,273     $ 425,127     $ (347,830     $ 77,297  
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

     

 

 

 

 

9


UNAUDITED PRO FORMA CONDENSED COMBINED STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS

FOR THE THREE MONTHS ENDED MARCH 31, 2023

(in thousands, except share and per share data)

 

     For the Period ended
March 31, 2023
    For the Period ended
March 31, 2023
                       For the Period ended
March 31, 2023
 
     PubCo (Historical)     BT OpCo (Historical)     Historical Combined     Transaction Accounting
Adjustments
           Pro Forma Combined  

Revenue

   $ —       $ 163,603     $ 163,603     $ —          $ 163,603  

Cost of revenue (excluding depreciation and amortization reported separately below)

     —         141,300       141,300       —            141,300  

Operating expenses

             

Selling, general, and administrative

     2,075       10,835       12,910       (200     AA        12,710  

Depreciation and amortization

     —         2,796       2,796       —            2,796  

Franchise tax expenses

     50       —         50       —            50  
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

      

 

 

 

Total operating expenses

     2,125       13,631       15,756       (200        15,556  
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

      

 

 

 

Income (loss) from operations

     (2,125     8,672       6,547       200          6,747  

Other income (expense)

             

Interest expense

     —         (2,947     (2,947     2,947       MM        (1,027
           (1,027     PP     

Change in value of investment held in Trust Account

     3,089       —         3,089       (3,089     BB        —    

Other income (expense)

     —         (115     (115     —            (115

Loss on foreign currency transactions

     —         (148     (148     —            (148
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

      

 

 

 

Total other income (expense)

     3,089       (3,210     (121     (1,169        (1,290
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

      

 

 

 

Income (loss) before provision for Income taxes and noncontrolling interest

     964       5,462       6,426       (969        5,457  

Income tax expense (benefit)

     638       (622     16       (1,141     II        (1,125
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

      

 

 

 

Net income (loss)

     326       6,084       6,410       172          6,582  

Net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interest

     —         (208     (208     8,004       FF        8,004  
           208       HH     
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

      

 

 

 

Net income (loss) attributable to controlling interest

   $ 326     $ 6,292     $ 6,618     $
(7,832

     $ (1,422
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

      

 

 

 

Earnings per share (Note 3):

             

Net income per common share - Basic and Diluted

                (0.09

Weighted average common shares outstanding - Basic and Diluted

                12,358,691  

 

10


UNAUDITED PRO FORMA CONDENSED COMBINED STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS

FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2022

(in thousands, except share and per share data)

 

     For the Period ended
December 31, 2022
    For the Period ended
December 31, 2022
                     For the Period ended
December 31, 2022
 
     PubCo (Historical)     BT OpCo (Historical)     Historical Combined     Transaction Accounting
Adjustments
         Pro Forma Combined  

Revenue

   $ —       $ 646,830     $ 646,830     $ —          $ 646,830  

Cost of revenue (excluding depreciation and amortization reported separately below)

     —         574,534       574,534       —            574,534  

Operating expenses

             

Selling, general, and administrative

     5,079       36,991       42,070       (667   AA      70,939  
           1,102     CC   
           700     DD   
           2,000     EE   
           5,000     JJ   
           20,151     KK   
           583     LL   

Depreciation and amortization

     —         18,783       18,783       —            18,783  

Franchise tax expenses

     200       —         200       —            200  
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

      

 

 

 

Total operating expenses

     5,279       55,774       61,053       28,869          89,922  
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

      

 

 

 

Income (loss) from operations

     (5,279 )      16,522       11,243       (28,869 )         (17,626 ) 

Other income (expense)

             

Interest expense

     —         (12,318     (12,318     12,318     MM      (3,973
           (3,973   NN   

Change in value of investment held in Trust Account

     4,442       —         4,442       (4,442   BB      —    

Other income (expense)

     —         118       118       (1,259   GG      (5,083
           (3,942   OO   

Loss on foreign currency transactions

     —         (380     (380     —            (380
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

      

 

 

 

Total other income (expense)

     4,442       (12,580     (8,138     (1,298        (9,436
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

      

 

 

 

Income (loss) before provision for Income taxes and noncontrolling interest

     (837 )      3,942       3,105       (30,167 )         (27,062 ) 

Income tax expense (benefit)

     891       395       1,286       (2,228   II      (942
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

      

 

 

 

Net income (loss)

     (1,728 )      3,547       1,819       (27,939 )         (26,120 ) 

Net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interest

     —         (433     (433     (17,844   FF      (17,844
           433     HH   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

      

 

 

 

Net income (loss) attributable to controlling interest

   $ (1,728 )    $ 3,980     $ 2,252     $ (10,095 )       $ (8,276 ) 
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

      

 

 

 

Earnings per share (Note 3):

             

Net income per common share - Basic and Diluted

                (0.67

Weighted average common shares outstanding - Basic and Diluted

                12,358,691  

 

11


NOTES TO UNAUDITED PRO FORMA CONDENSED COMBINED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Note 1. Basis of Pro Forma Presentation

The business combination has been accounted for as a common control transaction and reverse recapitalization, with no goodwill or other intangible assets recorded, in accordance with GAAP. Under this method of accounting, PubCo has been treated as the “acquired” company for financial reporting purposes. Accordingly, for accounting purposes, the business combination has been treated as the equivalent of BT OpCo issuing stock for the net assets of PubCo, accompanied by a recapitalization. The net assets of PubCo will be stated at fair value (which is expected to approximate historical cost), with no goodwill or other intangible assets recorded.

The unaudited pro forma condensed combined balance sheet as of March 31, 2023 assumes that the business combination and related transactions occurred on March 31, 2023. The unaudited pro forma condensed combined statement of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and for the year ended December 31, 2022 presents pro forma effect to the business combination and related transactions as if they have been completed on January 1, 2022. The unaudited pro forma condensed combined balance sheet as of March 31, 2023 has been prepared using, and should be read in conjunction with, the following:

 

   

PubCo’s unaudited condensed balance sheet as of March 31, 2023 and the related notes included elsewhere in this proxy statement; and

 

   

BT OpCo’s unaudited consolidated balance sheet as of March 31, 2023 and the related notes included elsewhere in this proxy statement.

The unaudited pro forma condensed combined statement of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2023 has been prepared using, and should be read in conjunction with, the following:

 

   

PubCo’s unaudited statement of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and the related notes included elsewhere in this proxy statement; and

 

   

BT OpCo’s unaudited consolidated statement of income and comprehensive income for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and the related notes included elsewhere in this proxy statement.

The unaudited pro forma condensed combined statement of operations for the year ended December 31, 2022 has been prepared using, and should be read in conjunction with, the following:

 

   

PubCo’s audited statement of operations for the year ended December 31, 2022 and the related notes included elsewhere in this proxy statement; and

 

   

BT OpCo’s audited consolidated statement of income and comprehensive income for the year ended December 31, 2022 and the related notes included elsewhere in this proxy statement.

Management has made significant estimates and assumptions in its determination of the pro forma adjustments. As the unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial information has been prepared based on these preliminary estimates, the final amounts recorded may differ materially from the information presented.

The unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial information does not give effect to any anticipated synergies, operating efficiencies, tax savings or cost savings that may be associated with the business combination and related transactions. The pro forma adjustments reflecting the consummation of the business combination and related transactions are based on currently available information and assumptions and methodologies that PubCo believes are reasonable under the circumstances. The unaudited condensed pro forma adjustments, which are described in the accompanying notes, may be revised as additional information becomes available and is evaluated. Therefore, it is likely that the actual adjustments will differ from the pro forma adjustments and it is possible the difference may be material. PubCo believes that its assumptions and

 

12


methodologies provide a reasonable basis for presenting all of the significant effects of the business combination and related transactions based on information available to management at the time and that the pro forma adjustments give appropriate effect to those assumptions and are properly applied in the unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial information.

Note 2. Adjustments to Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Combined Financial Information

The unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial information has been prepared to illustrate the effect of the business combination and related transactions and has been prepared for informational purposes only.

The following unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial information has been prepared in accordance with Article 11 of Regulation S-X as amended by the final rule, Release No. 33-10786 “Amendments to Financial Disclosures about Acquired and Disposed Businesses.” Release No. 33-10786 replaces the existing pro forma adjustment criteria with simplified requirements to depict the accounting for the transaction (“Transaction Accounting Adjustments”) and present the reasonably estimable synergies and other transaction effects that have occurred or are reasonably expected to occur (“Management’s Adjustments”). PubCo has elected not to present Management’s Adjustments and will only be presenting Transaction Accounting Adjustments in the following unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial information.

The pro forma combined provision for income taxes does not necessarily reflect the amounts that would have resulted had the post-combination company filed consolidated income tax returns during the periods presented.

The pro forma basic and diluted earnings per share amounts presented in the unaudited pro forma condensed combined statements of operations are based upon the number of post-combination company’s PubCo common stock outstanding, assuming the business combination and related transactions occurred on January 1, 2022.

Transaction Accounting Adjustments to Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Combined Balance Sheet

The Transaction Accounting Adjustments included in the unaudited pro forma condensed combined balance sheet as of March 31, 2023 are as follows:

 

  A.

Reflects the actual redemption of Class A common stock and an accrual of an excise tax liability equal to 1% of the corporate share repurchases.

 

  B.

Reflects the reclassification of cash and investments held in the Trust Account that becomes available at the closing of the business combination.

 

  C.

Reflects the payment of $25.5 million in estimated transaction costs, comprised of advisory, banking, printing, legal and accounting fees. Out of the total estimated transaction costs of approximately $36.1 million, $2.1 million was paid prior to the Closing of the business combination, $10.8 million was previously accrued, and the remaining balance of $4.6 million is capitalized through additional paid-in-capital and $18.6 million is expensed through accumulated deficit.

 

  D.

Reflects the payment of cash consideration of $10.1 million to BT Assets under distribution in accordance with the Transaction Agreement.

 

13


  E.

Reflects the issuance of 44,100,000 shares of PubCo Class V common stock (non-economic super voting shares) of equity consideration to BT Assets in exchange for cash equal to par value of $0.0001 per share.

 

  F.

Reflects the recapitalization, including the issuance of:

 

   

5,769,185 shares of PubCo Class A common stock to Sponsor and Director in exchange for the same number of shares of PubCo Class B common stock held by the Sponsor;

 

   

358,587 shares of PubCo Class E-1 common stock, 358,587 shares of PubCo Class E-2 common stock, and 358,587 shares of PubCo Class E-3 common stock to Sponsor in exchange for the same number of shares of PubCo Class B common stock held by the Sponsor. As mentioned above, PubCo Class E common stock represents equity-classified earnouts for the Sponsor.

 

  G.

Reflects the reclassification of the historical accumulated deficit of PubCo to additional paid-in-capital as part of the reverse recapitalization.

 

  H.

Represents the impact attributed to noncontrolling interest and accumulated deficit related to the acceleration of stock-based compensation expense for awards held by BitAccess’ stockholders that are expected to vest upon consummation of a liquidity event, which includes the business combination based on the terms and conditions in the respective stock option agreements.

 

14


  I.

Represents the transaction accounting adjustments to record the noncontrolling interest as a result of the Up-C structure of $1.9 million, which is calculated based on the noncontrolling interest percentage of 78.1% multiplied by the pro forma net assets of the combined company. The adjustment was determined by applying hypothetical liquidation of book value method for purposes of both calculating the initial noncontrolling interest balance and attributing income to the noncontrolling interest in the pro forma periods.

 

  J.

Reflects the accrual of Aggregate Phantom Consideration to Phantom Equity Holders as per the Phantom Equity Award Termination Agreements The consideration per the Phantom Equity Award Termination Agreements is cash of $350,000 and a right to 35,000 RSUs that will be issued at a later date. For pro forma purposes no cash was provided at close nor were RSUs issued. The adjustment represents a potential payment of a total of $0.7 million reflected as a liability at the time of close. Upon the issuance of the RSUs the value could differ materially from the assumed amount of accrual at the time of close.

 

  K.

Reflects the accrual of BT Transaction Bonus Payments as per the BT Transaction Bonus Termination Agreement described in the Transaction Agreement.

 

  L.

Reflects the reclassification from noncontrolling interest to liability at the estimated fair value, as the put option becomes probable of being exercised at the Closing of the business combination.

 

  M.

Reflects the reclassification of common stock subject to possible redemption to permanent equity at $0.0001 par value.

 

  N.

Reflects PubCo’s issuance of 500,000 shares of PubCo Class A Common Stock under the Incentive Equity Plan to Brandon Mintz/Founder the founder of BT OpCo.

 

  O.

Reflects the issuance of 4,300,000 shares of preferred stock and a corresponding subscription receivable upon entering into the PIPE Agreement. The Company has determined that a subscription receivable should be recorded at fair value based on the anticipated cash settlements under the terms of the PIPE Agreement. For pro forma purposes, the Company has estimated the fair value of the subscription receivable based on the expected payments to be made under the PIPE Agreement assuming a consistent stock price of $3.23, which represents the share price at close of the transaction. Pursuant to the PIPE Agreement, there is a series of six future cash settlements that represent an embedded derivative that will be recorded at fair value with changes in the fair value recognized in earnings. For pro forma purposes, pending the completion of a formal valuation, the fair value of the embedded derivative has been assumed to be insignificant. Furthermore, the PIPE Agreement could result in a payment by the Company of up to $10.9 million related to 700,000 shares currently held by Shaolin prior to the PIPE Agreement. The $10.9 million payment may occur in the event of the share price decreasing past certain thresholds on a cumulative basis over the life of the PIPE Agreement. The Company has determined not to recognize a separate liability for the potential payment for the purposes of the pro formas as the expected fair value of the liability is de minimis given the current assumption of a $3.23 consistent stock price. Pending the completion of a formal valuation, the values presented are estimates and may be materially different than presented within the pro forma statements.

 

  P.

Represents the payments made by the Company under the PIPE Agreement and corresponding expense.

 

  Q.

Reflects the repayment of BT OpCo debt including the repayment of accrued interest and write off of the associated debt issuance costs previously capitalized. The adjustment also includes the new debt under the amended and restated credit agreement entered into with Silverview Credit Partners. The adjustment is assumed to be an extinguishment of debt for pro forma purposes but may differ upon the finalization of the Company’s analysis under ASC 470.

 

  R:

Reflects the shares issued to non-redemption holders under a Non-Redemption Agreement.

 

  S.

Following the business combination, BT HoldCo will be treated as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes. As such, BT HoldCo’s earnings and losses will flow through to its partners, including PubCo, a U.S. corporation. The deferred tax asset attributable to the deductible temporary difference between the book basis as compared to the tax basis of PubCo’s investment in BT HoldCo is considered capital in nature and will not be realized.

Upon the completion of the business combination, PubCo is party to the Tax Receivable Agreement. Under the terms of that agreement, PubCo generally will be required to pay BT Assets 85% of the tax savings, if any, that PubCo realizes, or in certain circumstances is deemed to realize, as a result of certain Tax Attributes that are created as part of and after the business combination. The payment of the Over the Top Consideration to BT Assets in the business combination will result in aggregate payments under the Tax Receivable Agreement of approximately $0.8 million. This amount does not take into account any future exchanges of BT HoldCo Common Units by BT Assets pursuant to the BT HoldCo Amended and Restated Limited Liability Company Agreement. The future amounts payable, as well as the timing of any payments, under the Tax Receivable Agreement are dependent upon significant future events, including (but not limited to) the timing of the exchanges of BT HoldCo Common Units and surrender of a corresponding number of shares of PubCo Class V common stock, the price of PubCo Class A common stock at the time of each exchange, the extent to which such exchanges are taxable transactions, the depreciation and amortization periods that apply to any increase in tax basis resulting from such exchanges, the types of assets held by BT HoldCo, the amount and timing of taxable income PubCo generates in the future, the U.S. federal income tax rate then applicable and the portion of PubCo’s payments under the Tax Receivable Agreement that constitute imputed interest or give rise to depreciable or amortizable tax basis.

There is no Tax Receivable Agreement liability due to the business combination. If all of the BT HoldCo Common Units were exchanged (in each case, together with a corresponding number of shares of PubCo Class V Common Stock), immediately following the completion of the business combination, the Company would recognize an incremental deferred tax asset of approximately $64.8 million and a non-current liability of approximately $38.7 million based on our estimate of the aggregate amount that the Company will pay under the tax receivable agreement as a result of such future exchanges, assuming: (i) a price of $3.23 per share; (ii) a constant corporate tax rate of 26.14%; (iii) that the Company will have sufficient taxable income to fully utilize all Tax Attributes; and (iv) no material changes in tax law.

Transaction Accounting Adjustments to Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Combined Statements of Operations

The accounting adjustments listed below include transaction accounting adjustments related to the business combination. A description of the amounts included in the unaudited pro forma condensed combined statement of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and the year ended December 31, 2022 are as follows:

 

  AA.

Reflects the elimination of the PubCo administrative service fee paid to the Sponsor that will cease upon the close of the business combination.

 

  BB.

Reflects the elimination of change in fair value of investment held in Trust Account.

 

  CC.

Represents the acceleration of stock-based compensation expense for equity awards held by BitAccess’ stockholders that are expected to vest upon consummation of a liquidity event, which includes this business combination based on the terms and conditions in the respective stock option agreements.

 

  DD.

Reflects the expense in relation to Aggregate Phantom Equity Consideration to Phantom Equity Holders as per the Phantom Equity Award Termination Agreements.

 

  EE.

Reflects the expense in relation to the accrual of BT Transaction Bonus Payments as per the BT Transaction Bonus Termination Agreement described in the Transaction Agreement.

 

15


  FF.

Reflects the recognition of noncontrolling interest as a result of the Up-C structure. For the three months ended March 31, 2023, net income attributable to noncontrolling interest was $8.0 million under the actual redemption. For the year ended December 31, 2022, net loss attributable to noncontrolling interest was $17.8 million under the actual redemption. The adjustment was determined by applying hypothetical liquidation of book value method for purposes of both calculating the initial noncontrolling interest balance and attributing income to the noncontrolling interest in the pro forma periods.

 

  GG.

Reflects the loss on the reclassification from noncontrolling interest to liability at fair value, as the put option becomes probable of being exercised at the Closing of the business combination.

 

  HH.

Reflects the elimination of the historical net loss attributable to noncontrolling interest in BitAccess.

 

  II.

Reflects the provision for PubCo’s corporate income taxes, as PubCo will be subject to U.S. federal, state, local, and foreign income taxes following the business combination. As a result, the pro forma statements of operations reflect an adjustment to PubCo’s provision for corporate income taxes to reflect a pro forma tax rate, which includes a provision for U.S. federal and state income taxes. BT HoldCo will be treated as a partnership for U.S. federal and state income tax purposes. As such, BT HoldCo’s profits and losses will flow through to its partners, including PubCo, and are generally not subject to tax at BT HoldCo level.

 

  JJ.

Reflects PubCo’s issuance of 500,000 shares of PubCo Class A common stock under the Incentive Equity Plan to the founder of BT OpCo.

 

  KK.

Reflects the expense relating to the Non-Redemption Agreements entered into with the Non-Redeeming Stockholders.

 

  LL.

Represents the payments made by the Company under the PIPE agreement and corresponding expense.

 

  MM.

Reflects the elimination of historical interest expense and amortization of deferred financing costs previously capitalized associated with the extinguishment of debt.

 

  NN.

Reflects the effective interest expense associated with issuance of the new debt under the amended and restated credit agreement entered into with Silverview Credit Partners. The amount presented is based an interest rate of 17% over a three year term with $0.8 million in amortized costs resulting in an effective interest rate of 21.26%.

 

  OO.

Reflects the loss on extinguishment of debt comprised of exit fees and recognition of unamortized deferred financing costs.

 

16


Note 3. Pro Forma Earnings Per Share Information

As a result of the business combination, for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and the year ended December 31, 2022, both the pro forma basic and diluted number of shares is reflective of 16,658,691 shares of PubCo Class A common stock outstanding. Pro forma basic number of shares excludes PubCo Class V common stock (which have no economic rights until converted to shares of PubCo Class M common stock) and unvested PubCo Class E common stock. Shares of Series A preferred Stock issued under the PIPE arrangement have been treated as in-substance common stock and included in the calculation of basic net loss per share.

 

(in thousands, except share data)

   Three Months Ended
March 31, 2023
     Year Ended
December 31, 2022
 

Pro forma net loss attributable to PubCo

   $ (1,422    $ (8,276

Weighted average shares of Class A common stock outstanding - basic and diluted

     16,658,691        16,658,691  

Net loss per share - basic and diluted

   $ (0.09    $ (0.67

Earnings per share (“EPS”) exclude equity instruments that would be anti-dilutive to pro forma EPS. Below is a summary of anti-dilutive instruments that were excluded from the pro forma EPS for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and the year ended December 31, 2022:

 

     Three Months Ended
March 31, 2023
     Year Ended
December 31, 2022
 

PubCo Class V Common Stock

     44,100,000        44,100,000  

PubCo Class E-1 Common Stock

     358,587        358,587  

PubCo Class E-2 Common Stock

     358,587        358,587  

PubCo Class E-3 Common Stock

     358,587        358,587  

PubCo Public Warrants

     31,625,000        31,625,000  

PubCo Private Placement Warrants

     12,223,750        12,223,750  

Class 1 BT OpCo Earnout Units

     5,000,000        5,000,000  

Class 2 BT OpCo Earnout Units

     5,000,000        5,000,000  

Class 3 BT OpCo Earnout Units

     5,000,000        5,000,000  

 

17

Exhibit 99.3

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS OF BITCOIN DEPOT

You should read the following discussion and analysis of BT OpCo’s financial condition and results of operations together with BT OpCo’s financial statements and the related notes included elsewhere in this proxy statement. Some of the information contained in this discussion and analysis is set forth elsewhere in this proxy statement, including information with respect to BT OpCo’s plans and strategy for its business and related financing, and includes forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties. As a result of many factors, including those factors set forth in “Risk Factors” and “Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements,” BT OpCo’s actual results could differ materially from the results described in or implied by the forward-looking statements contained in the following discussion and analysis. Unless the context otherwise requires, all references in this subsection to “Bitcoin Depot,” the “Company,” “we,” “us” and “our” refer to the business of BT OpCo prior to the Closing, which will be the business of PubCo and its consolidated subsidiaries following the Closing.

Business Overview

Bitcoin Depot owns and operates the largest network of Bitcoin ATMs (“BTMs”) across North America where customers can buy and sell Bitcoin. Bitcoin Depot helps power the digital economy for users of cash.

Our mission is to bring Crypto to the Masses. Digital means and systems dominate the way that consumers send money, make purchases, and invest; however, we believe that many people utilize cash as their primary means of initiating a transaction, either as a necessity or as a preference. These individuals have largely been excluded from the digital financial system and associated technological advancements in our global and digitally interconnected society. Bitcoin Depot’s simple and convenient process to convert cash into Bitcoin via our BTMs and feature-rich mobile app enables not only these users, but also the broader public, to access the digital financial system.

As of March 31, 2023, our offerings included approximately 6,440 BTMs in retailer locations throughout the U.S. and Canada, our BDCheckout product, which is accepted at 2,754 retail locations, and our mobile app. We maintain a leading position among cash-to-Bitcoin BTM operators in the U.S. and Canada.

Kiosk Network and Retailer Relationships

Bitcoin Depot operates a network of kiosks that allow users to purchase Bitcoin with cash. Upon using a Bitcoin Depot kiosk for the first time, users will be prompted to provide certain information for account creation and verification. Users are required to select from three ranges of cash amounts to be inserted in the kiosk for purchasing Bitcoin. The user then provides the address of his or her digital wallet by scanning a QR code or manually inputting his or her unique wallet address; the user can create and use a Bitcoin Depot-branded wallet (un-hosted and non-custodial), or his or her own other existing digital wallet. Cash is then inserted by the user into the kiosk, and the kiosk will confirm the dollar amount and other details of the transaction, including quantity of Bitcoin being purchased. Once the transaction is complete, the Bitcoin is electronically delivered to the user’s digital wallet and the user is provided with a physical receipt as well as a receipt via SMS text.

Bitcoin Depot’s largest BTM deployment as of March 31, 2023 is with Circle K, a convenience store chain of over 9,000 stores in North America and over 4,800 stores in Europe and other international markets. We are the exclusive provider and operator of BTMs for Circle K in the U.S. and Canada, and as of March 31, 2023 we have installed our BTMs in over 1,700 Circle K stores. We also have kiosks deployed in other convenience stores, gas stations, grocery stores, pharmacies, and shopping malls.

Cryptocurrencies

Our revenues ($163.6 million and $154.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively, and $646.8 million and $549.0 million for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021,

 

1


respectively) have not been correlated to the price of Bitcoin historically, even in light of volatile Bitcoin prices. For example, our revenue for the twelve months ended March 31, 2023 grew by 8.8% year-over-year, while the market price of Bitcoin declined by more than 37% during the same period. Based on our own user surveys, a majority of our users use our products and services for non-speculative purposes, including money transfers, international remittances, and online purchases, among others.

We use a sophisticated Bitcoin management process to reduce our exposure to volatility in Bitcoin prices by maintaining a relatively low balance (typically less than $0.6 million) of Bitcoin at any given time, which we believe differentiates us from our competition. Our typical practice is to purchase Bitcoin through a liquidity provider such as Cumberland DRW. We replenish our Bitcoin only through purchases from leading Bitcoin liquidity providers and do not engage in any mining of Bitcoin ourselves. Our sophisticated replenishment process enables us to satisfy our users’ Bitcoin purchases with our own Bitcoin holdings, yet maintain relatively small balances of Bitcoin to effectively manage our principal risk. There are two main components of the working capital required in our operations. On the Bitcoin side, we maintain Bitcoin in our hot wallets to fulfill orders from users while we are automatically placing orders with liquidity providers and exchanges to replenish the Bitcoin we have sold to users. The second component to working capital is the cash that accumulates in the BTM kiosks. As users insert cash into the BTM kiosks, cash accumulates until armored carriers collect the cash and process it back to our bank accounts. While not required, we typically maintain a variable level of cash in the BTM kiosks at all times. As of March 31, 2023, cash in the BTM kiosks was approximately 21% of monthly revenues.

BitAccess and BDCheckout

In July 2021, we acquired BitAccess, and in the second quarter of 2022, we launched BDCheckout. BitAccess adds new software features to our BTMs and positions us to service new channels of users while eventually having full control over our own software capabilities. As of March 31, 2023, we had converted all of our BTMs to the BitAccess software. The acquisition also diversifies our revenue streams into software offerings and is expected to generate significant savings in transaction processing fees and reduce other operating expenses. BitAccess revenues from third-party customers from the date of acquisition have not been material, and the launch of BDCheckout has not yet had a meaningful impact on our results of operations.

Regulatory Environment

We operate internationally and in a rapidly evolving regulatory environment characterized by a heightened focus by regulators globally on all aspects of the payments industry, including countering terrorist financing, anti-money laundering, privacy, cybersecurity, and consumer protection. The laws and regulations applicable to us, including those enacted prior to the advent of digital payments, are continuing to evolve through legislative and regulatory action and judicial interpretation. New or changing laws and regulations, including changes to their interpretation and implementation, as well as increased penalties and enforcement actions related to non-compliance, could have a material adverse impact on our business, results of operations, and financial condition.

Key Business Metrics

We monitor and evaluate the following key business metrics to measure performance, identify trends, develop and refine growth strategies and make strategic decisions. We believe these metrics and measures are useful to facilitate period-to-period comparisons of our business, and to facilitate comparisons of our performance to that of our competitors.

Our key metrics are calculated using internal company data based on the activity we measure on our platform and may be compiled from multiple systems. While the measurement of our key metrics is based on what we believe to be reasonable methodologies and estimates, there are inherent challenges and limitations in

 

2


measuring our key metrics internationally. The methodologies used to calculate our key metrics require judgment and we regularly review our processes for calculating these key metrics, and from time to time we may make adjustments to improve their accuracy or relevance.

 

    Three Months Ended  
    Mar. 31     Dec. 31,(2)     Sept. 30,     June 30,     Mar. 31,     Dec. 31,     Sept. 30,     June 30,     Mar. 31,     Dec. 31,     Sept. 30,     June 30,     Mar. 31,  
    2023     2022     2021     2020  

Installed kiosks (at period end)(2)

    6,441       6,530       6,787       6,955       6,711       6,220       4,520       2,811       1,859       1,061       671       159       127  
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Returning user transaction count

    10       10.5       11.2       11.5       11.9       12.3       11.5       11.8       12.2       12.0       12.3       14.0       13.8  
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Median kiosk transaction size (in $)

    200       200       180       170       176       168       160       160       140       140       100       70       90  
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

BDCheckout locations (at period end)(1)(3)

    2,754 (3)      8,661       8,661       8,395       —         —         —         —         —         —         —         —         —    
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

(1)

BDCheckout was launched in the sec

  ond quarter of 2022.
(2)

At March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, Bitcoin Depot had an additional 891 and 795 BTMs, respectively, with our logistic providers to redeploy to new locations, which we believe will result in higher transaction volume and revenue.

(3)

During the three months ended March 31, 2023, one of our retail partners discontinued all BDCheckout and cryptocurrency transactions in its stores.

Installed Kiosks

We believe this metric provides us an indicator of our market penetration, the growth of our business and our potential future business opportunities. We define installed kiosks as the number of kiosks we have installed at the end of the quarter in a retail location and that are connected to our network. We monitor transaction volume at our kiosks on a continuous basis to maximize transaction volumes from the locations where our kiosks are placed. Based on these monitoring activities, we may re-deploy certain of our kiosks, using third-party logistics providers, to new locations (e.g., those available with our new retail partners) that we believe will maximize transaction volumes and revenues.

Returning User Transaction Count

We believe this metric provides us an indicator of user retention and our competitive advantage relative to our peers, as well as the trajectory of adoption of cryptocurrency, and allows us to make strategic decisions. We define returning user transaction count as the average number of aggregate transactions completed at a kiosk in the four quarters trailing the quarter in which a given user’s first transaction occurred, measured only for users who complete more than one transaction. For example, as of March 31, 2023, users who first transacted at one of our kiosks during the three months ended December 31, 2021 and who subsequently completed a second transaction completed an average of 10.0 transactions over the twelve months following their initial transaction.

Median Kiosk Transaction Size

We believe this metric provides us information to analyze user behavior as well as evaluate our performance and formulate financial projections. We calculate median kiosk transaction size based on the dollar value of all purchases and sales of Bitcoin at our kiosks during the quarter, including related transaction fees.

 

3


BDCheckout Locations

We believe this metric provides us an indicator of our market penetration, the growth of our business and our potential future business opportunities. We calculate BDCheckout locations as the number of locations where BDCheckout is available at the end of the quarter. We are currently in discussion with other retail partners to expand our BD Checkout offering into additional locations.

Non-GAAP Financial Measures

Adjusted Gross Profit

We define Adjusted Gross Profit (a non-GAAP financial measure) as revenue less cost of revenue (excluding depreciation and amortization) adjusted to add back depreciation and amortization. We believe Adjusted Gross Profit provides useful information to investors and others in understanding and evaluating our results of operations, as well as provides a useful measure for period-to-period comparisons of our business performance. Moreover, we have included Adjusted Gross Profit in this proxy statement because it is a key measurement used internally by management to measure the efficiency of our business. This non-GAAP financial measure should not be considered in isolation from, or as a substitute for, financial information prepared in accordance with GAAP. We compensate for these limitations by relying primarily on GAAP results and using Adjusted Gross Profit on a supplemental basis. Our computation of Adjusted Gross Profit may not be comparable to other similarly titled measures computed by other companies because not all companies calculate this measure in the same fashion. You should review the reconciliation of Gross Profit to Adjusted Gross Profit below and not rely on any single financial measure to evaluate our business.

The following table presents a reconciliation of revenue to Adjusted Gross Profit for the periods indicated:

 

     Three Months Ended
March 31,

(Unaudited)
    Year Ended December 31,  
     2023     2022     2022     2021     2020  
     (in thousands)  

Revenue

   $ 163,603     $ 154,524     $ 646,830     $ 548,980     $ 245,131  

Cost of revenue (excluding depreciation and amortization)

     (141,300     (141,269     (574,535     (492,954     (214,038

Depreciation and amortization

     (2,796     (4,800     (18,783     (13,041     (2,246
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Gross Profit

   $ 19,507     $ 8,455     $ 53,512     $ 42,985     $ 28,847  

Adjustments:

          

Depreciation and amortization excluded from cost of revenue

   $ 2,796     $ 4,800       18,783       13,041       2,246  

Adjusted Gross Profit

   $ 22,303     $ 13,255       72,295       56,026       31,093  

Gross Profit Margin(1)

     11.9     5.5     8.2     7.8     11.8

Adjusted Gross Profit Margin(1)

     13.6     8.6     11.1     10.2     12.7

 

(1)

Calculated as a percentage of revenue.

Adjusted EBITDA

We define Adjusted EBITDA (a non-GAAP financial measure) as net income before interest expense, tax expense, depreciation and amortization, non-recurring expenses and miscellaneous cost adjustments.

The below items are excluded from Adjusted EBITDA because these items are non-cash in nature, or because the amount and timing of these items is unpredictable, not driven by core results of operations and renders comparisons with prior periods and competitors less meaningful. We believe Adjusted EBITDA provides useful information to investors and others in understanding and evaluating our results of operations, as well as

 

4


provides a useful measure for period-to-period comparisons of our business performance. Moreover, we have included Adjusted EBITDA in this proxy statement because it is a key measurement used internally by management to make operating decisions, including those related to operating expenses, evaluate performance and perform strategic and financial planning. However, you should be aware that when evaluating Adjusted EBITDA, we may incur future expenses similar to those excluded when calculating these measures. The presentation of this measure should not be construed as an inference that our future results will be unaffected by unusual or non-recurring items. Further, this non-GAAP financial measure should not be considered in isolation from, or as a substitute for, financial information prepared in accordance with GAAP. We compensate for these limitations by relying primarily on GAAP results and using Adjusted EBITDA on a supplemental basis. Our computation of Adjusted EBITDA may not be comparable to other similarly titled measures computed by other companies because not all companies calculate this measure in the same fashion. You should review the reconciliation of net income to Adjusted EBITDA below and not rely on any single financial measure to evaluate our business.

The following table presents a reconciliation of net income to Adjusted EBITDA for the periods indicated:

 

     Three Months Ended March 31,
(Unaudited)
    Year Ended December 31,  
         2023             2022         2022      2021     2020  
     (in thousands)  

Net income

   $ 6,083     $ (3,373   $ 3,547      $ 5,922     $ 14,405  

Adjustments:

           

Interest expense

     2,947       3,097       12,318        8,000       731  

Income tax expense (benefit)

     (622     311       395        (171     0  

Depreciation and amortization

     2,796       4,800       18,783        13,041       2,246  

Non-recurring expenses(1)

     2,429       486       6,109        2,925       461  

Special bonus(2)

     —         —         —          —         3,344  
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

Adjusted EBITDA

   $ 13,633     $ 5,321     $ 41,152      $ 29,717     $ 21,187  
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

(1)

Comprised of non-recurring professional service expenses related to the business combination and acquisition expenses.

(2)

Relates to a one-time bonus to our founder.

Segment Reporting

Bitcoin Depot’s financial reporting is organized into one segment. We make specific disclosures concerning our products and services because they facilitate our discussion of trends and operational initiatives within our business and industry. Bitcoin Depot’s products and services are aggregated and viewed by management as one reportable segment due to a similarity in the nature of customers and overall economic characteristics, the nature of the products and services provided and the applicable regulatory environment.

Components of Results of Operations

Revenue

We generate substantially all of our revenue from the cash paid by customers to purchase Bitcoin from our kiosks. For example, approximately 99.3% of our revenue in the three months ended March 31, 2023 was derived from the sale of our cryptocurrency, including the markup at which we sell cryptocurrency to users (which can vary between BDCheckout and BTM kiosks) and the separate flat transaction fee. These user-initiated transactions are governed by terms and conditions agreed to at the time of each point-of-sale transaction and do not extend beyond the transaction.

 

5


For the periods presented, the markup percentage for BTM kiosk transactions ranged between 7% and 31%, of the USD amount of the transaction with such markup rates historically having been, and continuing to be, subject to fluctuation as a result of ongoing price strategy testing by Bitcoin Depot. The markup percentage for BDCheckout transactions has been 15% since inception/rollout of such transaction type in 2022. Finally, the markup percentage for Bitcoin Depot website transactions ranged between 10.5% and 12% during 2022. Markup percentages are determined by examining user transaction patterns in various geographic locations, based on ongoing markup rate testing, with the ultimate aim of optimizing profitability, growth and user base.

For each Bitcoin transaction on our kiosks and within BDCheckout, the cryptocurrency price displayed to users includes the exchange rate at which we sell Bitcoin to users as well as a separate flat transaction fee. As of the date of this proxy statement, we charge (i) a flat $3.00 fee on all transactions at BTM kiosks, which generally corresponds to the costs underlying such transactions and (ii) a flat $3.50 fee on BDCheckout transactions, which is what InComm charges us to facilitate transactions using InComm’s network.

Bitcoin Depot supports the purchase of Bitcoin from users at only 35 kiosks, or less than 1.0% of Bitcoin Depot’s total kiosks as of March 31, 2023, and currently does not have plans to expand the ability of its users to sell Bitcoin to it in exchange for cash. Bitcoin Depot charges the same fees on Bitcoin it purchases from users via its kiosks as it does for Bitcoin it sells to users at its kiosks.

Cost of revenue (excluding depreciation and amortization)

Our cost of revenue (excluding depreciation and amortization), which is primarily driven by transaction volume, consists primarily of direct costs related to selling Bitcoin and operating our network of kiosks. Cost of revenue (excluding depreciation and amortization) includes the cost of Bitcoin, fees paid to obtain Bitcoin, impairment of cryptocurrencies, gains on sales of Bitcoin on an exchange, fees paid to operate the software on the BTMs, rent paid for floorspace for BTMs, fees paid to transfer Bitcoin to users, cost of kiosk repair and maintenance, and the cost of armored trucks to collect and transport cash deposited into the BTMs.

Operating expenses

Operating expenses consists of selling, general and administrative expenses and depreciation and amortization.

Selling, general and administrative. Selling, general and administrative expenses consist primarily of expenses related to our customer support, marketing, finance, legal, compliance, operations, human resources, and administrative personnel. Selling, general and administrative expenses also include costs related to fees paid for professional services, including legal, tax, and accounting services.

Depreciation and amortization. Depreciation and amortization include depreciation on computer hardware and software, BTMs (including both BTMs owned by us and those subject to finance leases), office furniture, equipment and leasehold improvements and amortization of intangible assets.

Other income (expense)

Other income (expense) includes interest expense, other income (expense) and loss on foreign currency transactions.

Interest expense. Interest expense consists primarily of the interest expense on our borrowings and our finance leases.

 

6


Results of Operations

Comparison between Three Months Ended March 31, 2023 and Three Months Ended March 31, 2022

The following table sets forth selected historical operating data for the periods indicated:

 

     Three Months Ended March 31,
(Unaudited)
 
     2023     2022  

Statements of income (loss) and comprehensive income (loss) information:

    

Revenue

   $ 163,602,924     $ 154,524,319  

Cost of revenue (excluding depreciation and amortization reported separately below)

     141,300,365       141,269,259  

Operating expenses

    

Selling, general and administrative

     10,835,250       7,689,762  

Depreciation and amortization

     2,795,566       4,800,119  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total operating expenses

     13,630,816       12,489,881  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Income from operations

     8,671,743       765,179  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Other income (expense)

    

Interest expense

     (2,947,223     (3,096,861

Other income (expense)

     (115,106     101,914  

Loss on foreign currency transactions

     (148,269     (831,695
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total other expense, net

     (3,210,598     (3,826,642
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Income (loss) before provision for income taxes and noncontrolling interest

     5,461,145       (3,061,463

Income tax benefit (expense)

     621,841       (311,331
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net income (loss)

     6,082,986       (3,372,794

Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interest

     208,461       60,703  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net income (loss) attributable to Lux Vending, LLC

   $ 6,291,447     $ (3,312,091
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax

    

Net income (loss)

   $ 6,082,986     $ (3,372,794

Foreign currency translation adjustments

     (451     (12,343
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total comprehensive income (loss)

     6,082,535       (3,385,137
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Comprehensive loss attributable to noncontrolling interest

     208,461       60,703  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to Lux Vending, LLC

   $ 6,290,996     $ (3,324,434
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Revenue

Revenue increased by $9.1 million, or 5.9% for three months ended March 31, 2023 as compared to March 31, 2022, primarily due to the expanded adoption and increased transaction volume in re-located kiosks, and an increase in the average amount of transactions per user, including an increase in the number of new users transacting at our installed kiosks. The overall increase in kiosk revenue was offset by a decrease in OTC and Software Services Revenue.

 

7


Revenue disaggregated by revenue stream is as follows for the periods indicated:

 

     Three Months Ended March 31,
(Unaudited)
              
     2023      2022      $ Change     % Change  

Kiosk Transaction Revenue

   $ 163,025,366      $ 151,180,790      $ 11,844,576       7.8

BDCheckout

     360,376        —          360,376       100.0

OTC

     —          2,080,000        (2,080,000     (100.0 )% 

Company Website

     79,690        30,408        49,282       162.1

Software Services Revenue

     137,492        1,010,314        (872,822     (86.4 )% 

Hardware Revenue

     —          222,807        (222,807     (100.0 )% 
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

Total Revenue

   $ 163,602,924      $ 154,524,319      $ 9,078,605       5.9
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

Kiosk Transaction Revenue

Our kiosk transaction revenue increased by $11.8 million, or 7.8% for the three months ended March 31, 2023 as compared to the three months ended March 31, 2022, primarily due to an increase in the average transaction amount per customer and an increase in our user base.

OTC

Our OTC revenue decreased by $2.1 million, or 100.0% for the three months ended March 31, 2023 as compared to March 31, 2022, primarily as a result of our decision to discontinue our OTC service in June 2022.

Software Services Revenue

Our software services revenue decreased by $0.9 million, or 86.4% for the three months ended March 31, 2023, as compared to March 31, 2022, primarily due to strategic shift from selling BitAccess software to third parties, to migrating all of our kiosks to the BitAccess platform.

Cost of revenue (excluding depreciation and amortization)

Cost of revenue (excluding depreciation and amortization) increased by $0.03 million, or 0.0% for the three months ended March 31, 2023, as compared to March 31, 2022, primarily due to a decrease in floorspace lease expenses as the Company was able to move kiosks to more profitable locations, offset by an increase in repairs and maintenance related to relocated kiosks.

The following table sets forth the components of the cost of revenue (excluding depreciation and amortization) for the periods indicated:

 

     Three Months Ended March 31,
(Unaudited)
              
     2023      2022      $ Change     % Change  

Cryptocurrency Expenses

   $ 127,660,684      $ 127,339,847      $ 320,837       0.3

Floorspace Leases

     9,032,306        10,188,657        (1,156,351     (11.3 )% 

Kiosk Operations

     4,607,375        3,740,755        866,620       23.2
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

Total Cost of Revenue (excluding depreciation and amortization)

   $ 141,300,365      $ 141,269,259      $ 31,106       0.0
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

8


The following table sets forth the components of cryptocurrency expenses in our cost of revenue for the periods indicated:

 

     Three Months Ended March 31,
(Unaudited)
              
     2023      2022      $ Change     % Change  

Cost of Cryptocurrency(1) - BTM Kiosks

   $ 127,090,327      $ 124,453,159      $ 2,637,168       2.1

Cost of Cryptocurrency(1) - OTC

     —          1,958,110        (1,958,110     (100.0 )% 

Cost of Cryptocurrency(1) - BDCheckout

     308,653        —          308,653       100.0

Software Processing Fees

     204,752        855,687        (650,935     (76.1 )% 

Exchange Fees

     18,539        33,085        (14,546     (44.0 )% 

Mining Fees

     32,988        39,806        (6,818     (17.1 )% 

Software Processing Fee - BDCheckout

     5,425        —          5,425       100.0
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

Total Cryptocurrency Expenses

   $ 127,660,684      $ 127,339,847      $ 320,837       0.3
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

(1)

Cost of Cryptocurrency includes impairment losses recognized on cryptocurrencies net of any gains recognized from sales of cryptocurrencies on an exchange. Impairment of $2,186,794 and $3,225,958, were offset by gains from the sale of cryptocurrencies on exchange of $0 and $989,084 for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively.

Cost of Cryptocurrency - BTM Kiosks

Our cost of cryptocurrency increased by $2.6 million, or 2.1% for three months ended March 31, 2023, as compared to March 31, 2022, primarily as a result of the higher average transaction size occurring in 2023.

Cost of Cryptocurrency - OTC

Our cost of cryptocurrency related to OTC decreased by $2.0 million, or 100.0% for the three months ended March 31, 2023, as compared to March 31, 2022, primarily as a result of our decision to discontinue our OTC service in June 2022.

Software Processing fees

Our processing fees decreased by $0.7 million, or 76.1%, for three months ended March 31, 2023, as compared to March 31, 2022. The decrease in software processing fees was a direct result of completing the migration of our BTMs to the BitAccess platform in Q1 2023, which reduced the costs we incurred from a third-party service provider for software processing fees based on kiosk transaction volume.

Floorspace Leases

Our floorspace lease expenses decreased by $1.2 million, or 11.3% for the three months ended March 31, 2023, as compared to March 31, 2022, due to a decrease in rent paid to store owners under cancellable floorspace leases and a lower number of installed kiosks in operation during the three months ended March 31, 2023.

Kiosk Operations

Our kiosk operations costs increased by $0.9 million or 23.2% for the three months ended March 31, 2023, as compared to the three months ended March 31, 2022. During 2023, these costs increased as a result of relocating kiosks with our logistic partners, offset by a $0.4 million decrease in costs associated with the armored trucks used to collect and transport cash from our BTMs.

 

9


Operating expenses

Selling, general and administrative expenses increased by $4.2 million, or 54.7% for the three months ended March 31, 2023, as compared to the three months ended March 31, 2022. During 2023, these costs increased primarily due to higher payroll costs resulting from the significant increase in headcount during 2022 to support our operations, along with increased professional services expenses corresponding to the expansion of our operations and transaction costs associated with the business combination.

Depreciation and amortization expense decreased $2.0 million or 41.8% for the three months ended March 31, 2023 as compared to the three months ended March 31, 2022, primarily as a result of refinancing and buy-out of certain lease schedules at the end of 2022 and during the three months ended March 31, 2023.

Other income (expense), net

Interest expense decreased by approximately $0.2 million, or 4.8%, for the three months ended March 31, 2023, as compared to the three months ended March 31, 2022, primarily as a result of refinancing and buy-out of certain lease schedules at the end of 2022 and during the three months ended March 31, 2023. Additionally, loss on foreign currency transactions decreased by $0.7 million or 82.2% for the three months ended March 31, 2023 as compared to the three months ended March 31, 2022, primarily due to less foreign currency activity by our subsidiaries.

Comparison between Year Ended December 31, 2022 and Year Ended December 31, 2021

The following table sets forth selected historical operating data for the periods indicated:

 

     Year Ended December 31,  
     2022     2021  

Statements of income and comprehensive income information:

    

Revenue

   $ 646,830,408     $ 548,980,103  

Cost of revenue (excluding depreciation and amortization reported separately below)

     574,534,503       492,953,812  

Operating expenses

    

Selling, general and administrative

     36,990,652       29,137,102  

Depreciation and amortization

     18,783,105       13,040,729  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total operating expenses

     55,773,757       42,177,831  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Income from operations

     16,522,148       13,848,460  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Other income (expense)

    

Interest expense

     (12,318,347     (8,000,277

Other income (expense)

     118,240       (97,811

Loss on foreign currency transactions

     (380,170     —    
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total other expense, net

     (12,580,277     (8,098,088
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Income before provision for income taxes and noncontrolling interest

     3,941,871       5,750,372  

Income tax (expense) benefit

     (394,779     171,164  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net income

     3,547,092       5,921,536  

Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interest

     432,553       21,010  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net income attributable to Lux Vending, LLC

   $ 3,979,645     $ 5,942,546  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Other comprehensive income, net of tax

    

Net income

   $ 3,547,092     $ 5,921,536  

Foreign currency translation adjustments

     (109,727     (71,998
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total comprehensive income

     3,437,365       5,849,538  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Comprehensive loss attributable to noncontrolling interest

     432,553       20,820  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Comprehensive income attributable to Lux Vending, LLC

   $ 3,869,918     $ 5,870,358  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

10


Revenue

Revenue increased by approximately $97.8 million, or 17.8%, for 2022, as compared to the prior year primarily due to the expansion of our network of kiosks along with increased revenue generated at existing kiosks in service at the beginning of the period, demonstrated by comparable sales growth of approximately 8.2% for the period over period, combined with larger transaction sizes partially due to increased cryptocurrency adoption. Also driving the growth was the additional BTMs installed in early 2022. This resulted in approximately 10% growth of our revenue. The increase in transaction volume from existing kiosk locations was due to the increase in the number of transactions from our existing user base and an increase in the number of new users transacting at our kiosks.

Revenue disaggregated by revenue stream is as follows for the periods indicated:

 

     Year Ended December 31,  
     2022      2021      $ Change     % Change  

BTM Kiosks

   $ 639,965,432      $ 538,434,694      $ 101,530,738       18.9

BDCheckout

     691,736        —          691,736       100.0

OTC

     2,080,000        7,271,077        (5,191,077     (71.4 )% 

Company Website

     173,088        167,673        5,415       3.2

Software Services

     3,184,957        1,799,637        1,385,320       77.0

Hardware Revenue

     735,195        1,307,022        (571,827     (43.8 )% 
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

Total Revenue

   $ 646,830,408      $ 548,980,103      $ 97,850,305       17.8
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

BTM Kiosks

Revenue generated by our BTM kiosks increased by approximately $101.5 million, or 18.9%, for 2022, as compared to the prior year, primarily due to an increase in the number of kiosks in service during 2022 and increased user adoption.

BDCheckout

Our BDCheckout revenue was approximately $0.7 million for 2022. We launched our BDCheckout product in June 2022.

OTC

Our OTC revenue decreased by approximately $5.2 million, or 71.4%, for 2022, as compared to the prior year, primarily due to a decrease in the marketing of our OTC offering during 2022.

Software Services

Our software services revenue for 2022 increased by approximately $1.4 million, or 77%, as compared to the prior year, primarily due to a full year of BitAccess revenue in 2022 compared to only five months of BitAccess revenue in 2021 due to the acquisition of BitAccess in July 2021. The increase in revenue in 2022 was partially offset by a decrease in revenues from a significant customer due to a contract termination in August 2022.

Hardware Revenue

Our hardware revenue decreased by approximately $0.6 million, or 43.8%, for 2022, as compared to the prior year, primarily due to sales of hardware to new customers in 2021 that did not re-occur in 2022 due to the change in market conditions.

 

11


Cost of revenue (excluding depreciation and amortization)

Cost of revenue (excluding depreciation and amortization) increased by approximately $81.6 million, or 16.5%, during 2022, as compared to the prior year, primarily due to the expansion of our network of kiosks and increase in transaction volume.

The following table sets forth the components of cost of revenue for the periods indicated:

 

     Year Ended December 31,                
     2022      2021      $ Change      % Change  

Cryptocurrency Expenses

   $ 519,347,271      $ 462,938,510      $ 56,408,761        12.2

Floorspace Leases

     39,764,569        21,008,045        18,756,524        89.3

Kiosk Operations

     15,422,663        9,007,257        6,415,406        71.2
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

Total Cost of Revenue (excluding depreciation and amortization)

   $ 574,534,503      $ 492,953,812      $ 81,580,691        16.5
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

Cryptocurrency Expenses

The following table sets forth the components of cryptocurrency expenses in our cost of revenue for the periods indicated:

 

     Year Ended December 31,               
     2022      2021      $ Change     % Change  

Cost of Cryptocurrency(1) - BTM Kiosks

   $ 513,951,422      $ 450,607,179      $ 63,344,243       14.1

Cost of Cryptocurrency(1) - OTC

     1,958,110        6,340,983        (4,382,873     (69.1 )% 

Cost of Cryptocurrency(1) - BDCheckout

     594,764        —          594,764       100.0

Software Processing Fees

     2,518,581        4,389,713        (1,871,132     (42.6 )% 

Exchange Fees

     119,020        308,720        (189,700     (61.4 )% 

Mining Fees

     195,483        1,291,915        (1,096,432     (84.9 )% 

Software Processing Fee - BDCheckout

     9,891        —          9,891       100.0
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

Total Cryptocurrency Expenses

   $ 519,347,271      $ 462,938,510      $ 56,408,761       12.2
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

(1)

Cost of Cryptocurrency includes impairment losses recognized on cryptocurrencies net of any gains recognized from sales of cryptocurrencies on an exchange. Impairment of $6,821,027 and $12,648,836, for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively, were offset by gains from the sale of cryptocurrencies on exchange of $2,283,871 and $915,146, for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively.

Cost of Cryptocurrency - BTM Kiosks

Our cost of cryptocurrency related to BTM kiosks increased by approximately $63.3 million, or 14.1%, for 2022, as compared to the prior year, primarily as a result of the greater number of kiosks in service during 2022 which was a primary driver in our sales volume, and the amount of cryptocurrency sold.

Cost of Cryptocurrency - OTC

Our cost of cryptocurrency related to OTC decreased by approximately $4.4 million, or 69.1%, for 2022, as compared to the prior year as a result of less transaction activity, and reduced marketing efforts, related to our OTC offering in 2022.

 

12


Cost of Cryptocurrency - BDCheckout

Our cost of goods sold related to BDCheckout increased by approximately $0.6 million for 2022, as compared to the prior year. The increase was a result of BDCheckout being first introduced in 2022.

Software Processing fees

Our processing fees decreased by approximately $1.9 million, or 42.6%, for 2022, as compared to the prior year. The decrease was a result of the decrease in costs from using third-party software as a result of our acquisition of a majority interest in BitAccess in July 2021 and incorporating the BitAccess operating system into our kiosks. Since the acquisition we have begun converting our kiosks to the BitAccess technology; therefore, reducing our costs with regards to third-party software, for which providers charge fees based on kiosk transaction volume.

Exchange Fees

Our exchange fees decreased by approximately $0.2 million, or 61.4%, for 2022, as compared to the prior year. The decrease was a result of shifting more of our purchasing volume to one liquidity provider for our purchases of Bitcoin, which arrangement has a lower cost structure than was previously in place with the prior liquidity provider.

Mining Fees

Mining fees decreased by approximately $1.1 million, or 84.9%, for 2022, as compared to the prior year. The decrease was a result of optimizing the inventory management system more effectively when sending Bitcoin to users for purchases at the kiosks. This has allowed us to reduce mining fees incurred on the blockchain when sending Bitcoin.

Floorspace Leases

Our floorspace lease expenses increased by approximately $18.8 million, or 89.3%, for 2022, as compared to the prior year. Our lease expenses relate to rents paid to store owners for cancellable floorspace and increased along with the increased numbers of kiosks in operation during 2022.

Kiosk Operations

Our kiosk operations increased by approximately $6.4 million, or 71.2%, for 2022, as compared to the prior year. Our kiosk operations consisted of armored cash collection, bank fees, software costs, insurance and repair and maintenance. As we increased the number of kiosks in operation during 2022, our costs associated with maintaining and operating the kiosks increased accordingly.

Operating expenses

Selling, general and administrative expenses increased by approximately $7.9 million, or 27.0%, for 2022, as compared to the prior year. These costs increased primarily due to expenses related to the proposed business combination which were expensed when incurred, which as of December 31, 2022 has generated an incremental cost of approximately $6.1 million attributed to legal and accounting and advisory services. Operating expenses were also driven higher by generally higher payroll costs resulting from the significant increase in headcount to support our operations during 2022, along with increased professional services expenses corresponding to the expansion of our operations.

Depreciation and amortization increased by approximately $5.7 million, or 44.0%, for 2022, as compared to the prior year, primarily due to the significant growth in the number of kiosks installed in the second half of 2022.

 

13


Other income (expense)

Interest expense increased by approximately $4.3 million, or 54.0%, for 2022, as compared to the prior year, primarily due to the increase in interest expense arising from the significant number of kiosks financed through finance leases in the second half of 2022.

Comparison between Year Ended December 31, 2021 and Year Ended December 31, 2020

The following table sets forth selected historical operating data for the periods indicated:

 

     Year Ended December 31,  
     2021     2020  

Statements of income and comprehensive income information:

    

Revenue

   $ 548,980,103     $ 245,131,200  

Cost of revenue (excluding depreciation and amortization reported separately below)

     492,953,812       214,038,451  

Operating expenses

    

Selling, general and administrative

     29,137,102       14,034,691  

Depreciation and amortization

     13,040,729       2,246,347  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total operating expenses

     42,177,831       16,281,038  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Income from operations

     13,848,460       14,811,711  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Other income (expense)

    

Interest expense

     (8,000,277     (731,127

Other income (expense)

     (97,811     324,594  

Loss on foreign currency transactions

     —         —    
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total other expense, net

     (8,098,088     (406,533
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Income before provision for income taxes and noncontrolling interest

     5,750,372       14,405,178  

Income tax benefit

     171,164       —    
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net income

     5,921,536       14,405,178  

Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interest

     21,010       —    
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net income attributable to Lux Vending, LLC

   $ 5,942,546     $ 14,405,178  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Other comprehensive income, net of tax

    

Net income

   $ 5,921,536     $ 14,405,178  

Foreign currency translation adjustments

     (71,998     —    
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total comprehensive income

     5,849,538       14,405,178  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Comprehensive loss attributable to noncontrolling interest

     20,820       —    
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Comprehensive income attributable to Lux Vending, LLC

   $ 5,870,358     $ 14,405,178  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Revenue

Revenue increased by approximately $303.8 million, or 124.0%, for 2021, as compared to the prior year primarily due to the expansion of our network of kiosks along with increased revenue generated at existing kiosks in service at the beginning of the period, demonstrated by a 71% increase in transaction volume period over period combined with larger transaction sizes partially due to increased cryptocurrency adoption. The increase in transaction volume from existing kiosk locations was due to the increase in the number of transactions from our existing user base and an increase in the number of new users transacting at our kiosks.

 

14


Revenue disaggregated by revenue stream is as follows for the periods indicated:

 

     Year Ended December 31,  
     2021      2020      $ Change      %
Change
 

BTM Kiosks

   $ 538,434,694      $ 244,432,545      $ 294,002,149        120.3

OTC

     7,271,077        652,191        6,618,886        1,014.9

Company Website

     167,673        46,464        121,209        260.9

Software Services

     1,799,637        —          1,799,637        100.0

Hardware Revenue

     1,307,022        —          1,307,022        100.0
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

Total Revenue

   $ 548,980,103      $ 245,131,200      $ 303,848,903        124.0
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

BTM Kiosks

Revenue generated by our BTM kiosks increased by approximately $294.0 million, or 120.3%, for 2021, as compared to the prior year, primarily due to an increase in the number of kiosks in service during 2021.

OTC

Our OTC revenue increased $6.6 million, or 1,014.9%, for the year ended December 31, 2021 compared the year ended December 31, 2020. The increase was a result of our launch of our OTC offering during late 2020 and additional marketing of this product during the year ended December 31, 2021.

Software Services

Our software services revenue for 2021 increased by approximately $1.8 million, or 100.0%, as compared to the prior year, due to our acquisition of a majority interest in BitAccess in July 2021. As this acquisition occurred in July 2021, we had five months of BitAccess revenue associated with software services revenue for the year ended December 31, 2021, compared to not having this revenue stream in the year ended December 31, 2020.

Hardware Revenue

Our hardware revenue increased by approximately $1.3 million, or 100.0%, for 2021, as compared to the prior year, due to our acquisition of a majority interest in BitAccess in July 2021. As this acquisition occurred in July 2021, we had five months of BitAccess revenue associated with hardware transaction revenue for the year ended December 31, 2021, compared to not having this revenue stream in the year ended December 31, 2020.

Cost of revenue (excluding depreciation and amortization)

Cost of revenue (excluding depreciation and amortization) increased by approximately $278.9 million, or 130.3%, during 2021, as compared to the prior year, primarily due to the expansion of our network of kiosks and increase in transaction volume.

The following table sets forth the components of cost of revenue for the periods indicated:

 

     Year Ended December 31,                
     2021      2020      $ Change      % Change  

Cryptocurrency Expenses

   $ 462,938,510      $ 206,669,265      $ 256,269,245        124.0

Floorspace Leases

     21,008,045        3,967,276        17,040,769        429.5

Kiosk Operations

     9,007,257        3,401,910        5,605,347        164.8
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

Total Cost of Revenue (excluding depreciation and amortization)

   $ 492,953,812      $ 214,038,451      $ 278,915,361        130.3
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

15


Cryptocurrency Expenses

The following table sets forth the components of cryptocurrency expenses in our cost of revenue for the periods indicated:

 

     Year Ended December 31,                
     2021      2020      $ Change      % Change  

Cost of Cryptocurrency(1) - BTM Kiosks

   $ 450,607,179      $ 202,467,969      $ 248,139,210        122.6

Cost of Cryptocurrency(1) - OTC

     6,340,983        622,350        5,718,633        918.9

Software Processing Fees

     4,389,713        2,594,043        1,795,670        69.2

Exchange Fees

     308,720        223,233        85,487        38.3

Mining Fees

     1,291,915        761,670        530,245        69.6
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

Total Cryptocurrency Expenses

   $ 462,938,510      $ 206,669,265      $ 256,269,245        124.0
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

(1)

Cost of Cryptocurrency includes impairment losses recognized on cryptocurrencies net of any gains recognized from sales of cryptocurrencies on an exchange. Impairment of $12,648,836 and $2,138,916, for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively, were offset by gains from the sale of cryptocurrencies on exchange of $915,146 and $0, for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively.

Cost of Cryptocurrency - BTM Kiosks

Our cost of cryptocurrency related to BTM kiosks increased by approximately $248.1 million, or 122.6%, for 2021, as compared to the prior year, primarily as a result of the greater number of kiosks in service during 2021, and the associated increase in transactions.

Cost of Cryptocurrency - OTC

Our cost of cryptocurrency related to OTC increased by approximately $5.7 million, or 918.9%, for 2021, as compared to the prior year as a result of more transaction activity, and additional marketing efforts, related to our OTC offering in 2021.

Software Processing fees

Our processing fees increased by approximately $1.8 million, or 69.2%, for 2021, as compared to the prior year. The increase was a result of the increased volume at the kiosk which drove the cost for third-party processing fees.

Floorspace Leases

Our floorspace lease expenses increased by approximately $17.0 million, or 429.5%, for 2021, as compared to the prior year. Our lease expenses relate to rents paid to store owners for cancellable floorspace and increased along with the increased numbers of kiosks in operation during 2021.

Kiosk Operations

Our kiosk operations increased by approximately $5.6 million, or 164.8%, for 2021, as compared to the prior year. Our kiosk operations consisted of armored cash collection, bank fees, software costs, insurance and repair and maintenance. As we increased the number of kiosks in operation during 2021, our costs associated with costs to maintain the kiosks and operations increased accordingly.

 

16


Operating expenses

Selling, general and administrative expenses increased by approximately $15.1 million, or 107.6%, for 2021, as compared to the prior year. Operating expenses were driven higher by generally higher payroll costs resulting from a 48% increase in headcount (up from 69 employees as of December 31, 2020 to 102 employees as of December 31, 2021) to support our operations during 2021, along with increased professional services expenses corresponding to the expansion of our operations.

Depreciation and amortization increased by approximately $10.8 million, or 480.5%, for 2021, as compared to the prior year, primarily due to the significant growth in the number of kiosks installed in 2021.

Other income (expense), net

Interest expense increased by approximately $7.3 million, or 994.2%, for 2021, as compared to the prior year, primarily due to the significant number of kiosks financed through finance leases in the second half of 2021.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

On March 31, 2023, we had working capital of approximately $(0.8) million, which included cash and cash equivalents of approximately $41.7 million, offset by accounts payable and other current liabilities of approximately $47.7 million. We reported net income of approximately $6.1 million during the three months ended March 31, 2023.

On December 31, 2022, we had working capital of approximately $(6.5) million, which included cash and cash equivalents of approximately $37.5 million, offset by accounts payable and other current liabilities of approximately $46.8 million. We reported net income of approximately $3.5 million during the year ended December 31, 2022.

For each of the periods presented in this proxy statement, approximately 99.3% of our total transaction volume was attributable to transactions in Bitcoin and, as of the date of this proxy statement, transactions in Bitcoin account for 100% of our transaction volumes. We purchase Bitcoin through a liquidity provider on a just-in-time basis based on expected transaction volumes in order to maintain a balance at a specified amount. Our ability to dynamically rebalance the levels of Bitcoin we hold at any given time based on transaction volumes and the market price of Bitcoin means that there are limited working capital requirements related to our Bitcoin management activities. There are two main cash components of the working capital required in our operations. On the Bitcoin side, we maintain Bitcoin (currently in an amount which, at any given time, is typically less than $0.6 million) in our hot wallets to fulfill orders from users while we are automatically placing orders with liquidity providers and exchanges to replenish the Bitcoin we have sold to users. The second component to working capital is the cash that accumulates in the BTM kiosks. As users insert cash into the BTM kiosks, cash accumulates until armored carriers collect the cash and process it back to our bank accounts. While not required, we typically maintain a variable level of cash in the BTM kiosks at all times. As of March 31, 2023, cash in the BTM kiosks was approximately 21.0% of monthly revenues.

We believe our existing cash and cash equivalents, together with cash provided by operations, will be sufficient to meet our needs for at least the next 12 months. Our future capital requirements will depend on many factors including our revenue growth rate, the timing and extent of spending to support research and development efforts and the timing and extent of additional capital expenditures to purchase additional kiosks and invest in the expansion of our products and services. We may in the future enter into arrangements to acquire or invest in complementary businesses, products and technologies, including intellectual property rights. We may be required to seek additional equity or debt financing. If additional financing is required from outside sources, we may not be able to raise it on acceptable terms or at all. If we are unable to raise additional capital when desired, our business, results of operations and financial condition would be materially and adversely affected.

 

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Sources of Liquidity

Term Loan

On December 21, 2020, we entered into a credit agreement among BT OpCo, as borrower, BT Assets, as guarantor, the subsidiary guarantors party thereto, the financial institutions and institutional investors from time to time party thereto, as lenders, and Silverview Credit Partners, LP, as administrative agent (the “Credit Agreement”) which provided for (i) initial term loans in an aggregate principal amount of $25.0 million, comprised of two $12.5 million tranches and (ii) a $15.0 million delayed draw term loan facility. In 2021, we utilized the delayed draw term loan facility in the full amount of $15.0 million, and on March 31, 2022, we amended the Credit Agreement to add a new $5.0 million tranche 3 term loan. The Term Loan is guaranteed by BT Assets and all of our subsidiaries and is collateralized by substantially all of the assets of the Company and those certain subsidiaries. As of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the amount owed under the Term Loan totaled approximately $37.2 million and $39.4 million, respectively.

Borrowings under the Term Loan bear interest at a rate of 15.0% per annum. The tranche 1 term loan matures on December 15, 2023, and the tranche 2 term loan, Tranche 3 Loan and Delayed Draw Loan mature on December 15, 2024. We are required to make monthly interest payments and fixed principal payments every six months. The Credit Agreement contains certain affirmative and negative covenants customary for financings of this type, including compliance with a minimum cash balance of $2.5 million, a minimum consolidated cash interest coverage ratio of 1.75 to 1.00, and a maximum consolidated total leverage ratio of 2.50 to 1.00. As of December 31, 2022, and March 31, 2023, we were in compliance with all financial covenants.

In May 2023, we entered into a contingent amendment to our Term Loan whereby the interest rate increased to 20% per annum from February 15, 2023 through August 15, 2023, contingent upon the closing of the business combination to allow for a negotiation of the repayment schedule. Additionally, a catch-up payment of $0.3 million for additional interest from February 15, 2023 through March 31, 2023, to be made by May 15, 2023. See Note 18 to our unaudited consolidated financial statements as of March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively, included elsewhere in this proxy statement for additional information.

The proceeds of the borrowings under the Term Loan were used to fund the acquisition of BitAccess and expand headcount to support additional kiosks brought online.

Kiosk Financing Transactions

We have finance leases with our kiosk suppliers that expire on various dates through March 2026. Such leases are financed by third parties, none of which are our suppliers. The finance leases were used to fund the purchase of 6,404 kiosks, for a total financed amount of approximately $35.6 million at a weighted average discount rate of 18.5% as of March 31, 2023. Our finance lease agreements are for two or three-year terms and include various options to either renew the lease or exercise an option to purchase (which, in some cases, is a bargain purchase option) the equipment at the end of the term. As of March 31, 2023, the weighted average life remaining on the finance leases was approximately 1.82 years. The outstanding total lease liability balance of approximately $21.4 million as of March 31, 2023, is recorded within Current portion of obligations under finance lease and Obligations under finance lease, net of current portion.

 

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Cash Flows

The following table presents the sources of cash and cash equivalents for the periods indicated:

 

    Three Months Ended
March 31,
(unaudited)
    Year Ended
December 31,
 
(in thousands)   2023     2022     2022     2021     2020  

Cash provided by operating activities

  $ 10,010     $ 1,644     $ 31,255     $ 23,283     $ 18,276  

Cash provided (used) by investing activities

  $ —       $ (372   $ (3,110   $ (19,321   $ (1,377

Cash provided (used) by financing activities

  $ (5,886   $ (4,534   $ (28,542   $ (7,018   $ 17,664  
         

Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents(1)

  $ 4,125     $ (3,233   $ (488   $ (3,124   $ 34,563  
         

 

(1)

Includes effect of exchange rate changes on cash.

Operating Activities

Cash provided by operating activities was approximately $10.0 million and $1.6 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively The change in our cash provided by operating activities was primarily the result of the revenue growth from the increased volume of transaction revenue in our network of BTMs.

Cash provided by operating activities was approximately $31.3 million and $23.3 million for the years ended December 31, 2022, and 2021, respectively. The increase in cash provided by operating activities was primarily the result of the revenue growth resulting from the expansion of the network of BTMs.

Investing Activities

Cash used in investing activities was $0 and $0.4 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023, and 2022, respectively. The decrease in cash used in investing activities was primarily as a result of no additional purchases or finance leases for BTM kiosk during the three months ended March 31, 2023 as compared to the three months ended March 31, 2022.

Cash used in investing activities was approximately $3.1 million and $19.3 million for the years ended December 31, 2022, and 2021, respectively. The decrease in cash used in investing activities was primarily the result of the BitAccess acquisition for $11.4 million in July 2021 and significant purchases of BTMs throughout 2021.

Financing Activities

Cash used in financing activities of $5.9 million and $4.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. The increase in net cash used in financing activities was due to proceeds from additional borrowings of $5.0 million during the three months ended March 31, 2022 that did not occur during the three months ended March 31, 2023, and lower principal payments on finance leases of $3.2 million as compared to $4.1 million during the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively, offset by higher principal payments on notes payable of $2.3 million as compared to $1.6 million during the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. Additionally, there was a $3.1 million reduction in distributions during the three months ended March 31, 2023 as compared to the three months ended March 31, 2022.

Cash used in financing activities was approximately $28.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2022 compared to cash used by financing activities of approximately $7.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2021. The increase in cash used by financing activities was primarily the result of the payment of $17.1 million for finance lease principal payments as compared to $12.9 million of principal payments on capital leases obligations in 2021.

 

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Additionally, the Company made $3.5 million of additional principal payments on our notes payable in 2022. For the year ended 2022, the Company made $3.7 million additional distributions in 2022 than compared to 2021. The Company had $10.0 million less proceeds from the issuance of notes payable in 2022 compared to 2021.

Commitments and Contractual Obligations

As of March 31, 2023, the aggregate amount of our operating and finance lease obligations was approximately $21.9 million. As of March 31, 2023, we had no open purchase orders for kiosks.

See Note 11 to our unaudited consolidated financial statements as of March 31, 2023 and 2022, and Note 12 to our consolidated financial statements as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively, included elsewhere in this proxy statement for additional information about our Term Loan.

See Note 16 to our unaudited consolidated financial statements as of March 31, 2023 and 2022, and Note 17 to our consolidated financial statements as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively, included elsewhere in this proxy statement for additional information about our leases.

See Note 17 to our unaudited consolidated financial statements as of March 31, 2023 and 2022, and Note 18 to our consolidated financial statements as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively, included elsewhere in this proxy statement for additional information about our material commitments and contingencies.

Summary of Critical Accounting Policies and Accounting Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (GAAP) requires management to make estimates and assumptions about future events that affect the amounts reported in the financial statements and accompanying notes. Future events and their effects cannot be determined with absolute certainty. Therefore, the determination of estimates requires the exercise of judgment. Actual results inevitably will differ from those estimates, and such differences may be material to the financial statements. Estimates are used for, but not limited to, valuation of current and deferred income taxes, the determination of the useful lives of property and equipment, recoverability of intangible assets and goodwill, fair value of long-term debt, present value of lease liabilities and right of use assets, assumptions and inputs for fair value measurements used in business combinations, impairments of cryptocurrency, and contingencies, including liabilities that the Company deems are not probable of assertion. The Company bases its estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances, actual results could differ from these estimates.

Our financial position, results of operations and cash flows are impacted by the accounting policies we have adopted. To get a full understanding of our financial statements, one must have a clear understanding of the accounting policies employed. A summary of our critical accounting policies follows:

Cryptocurrencies

Cryptocurrencies are a unit of account that function as a medium of exchange on a respective blockchain network, and a digital and decentralized ledger that keeps a record of all transactions that take place across a peer-to-peer network. The Company’s cryptocurrencies were primarily comprised of Bitcoin (“BTC”), Litecoin (“LTC”), and Ethereum (“ETH”) for the periods presented and are collectively referred to as “cryptocurrencies” in the consolidated financial statements. The Company primarily purchases cryptocurrencies to sell to customers.

The Company accounts for cryptocurrencies as indefinite-lived intangible assets in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 350, Intangibles - Goodwill and Other, and they are recorded on the Company’s consolidated Balance Sheets at cost, less any impairments. The Company has control and ownership over its cryptocurrencies which are stored in both our proprietary hot wallet and hot wallets hosted by a third party, BitGo, Inc.

 

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The primary purpose of the Company’s operations is to buy and sell Bitcoin using the BTM kiosk network and other services. The Company does not engage in broker-dealer activities. The Company uses various exchanges and liquidity providers to purchase, liquidate and manage its bitcoin positions; however, this does not impact the accounting for these assets as intangible assets.

Impairment

Because the Company’s cryptocurrencies are accounted for as indefinite-lived intangible assets, the cryptocurrencies are tested for impairment annually or more frequently if events or changes in circumstances indicate it is more likely than not that the asset is impaired in accordance with ASC 350. The Company has determined that a decline in the quoted market price below the carrying value at any time during the assessed period is viewed as an impairment indicator because the cryptocurrencies are traded in active markets where there are observable prices. Therefore, the fair value is used to assess whether an impairment loss should be recorded. If the fair value of the cryptocurrency decreases below the initial cost basis, or the carrying value, at any time during the assessed period, an impairment charge is recognized at that time in cost of revenue (excluding depreciation and amortization). After an impairment loss is recognized, the adjusted carrying amount of the cryptocurrency becomes its new accounting basis and this new cost basis will not be adjusted upward for any subsequent increase in fair value. For the purposes of measuring impairment on its cryptocurrencies, the Company determines the fair value of its cryptocurrency on a nonrecurring basis in accordance with ASC 820, Fair Value Measurement, based on quoted (unadjusted) prices on the Coinbase exchange, the active exchange that the Company has determined is its principal market (Level 1 inputs).

The Company purchases cryptocurrencies, which are held in the Company’s hot wallets, on a just in time basis to facilitate sales to customers and mitigate exposure to volatility in cryptocurrency prices. The Company sells its cryptocurrencies to its customers from its BTM Kiosks, OTC and BDCheckout locations in exchange for cash, for a prescribed transaction fee applied to the current market price of the cryptocurrency at the time of the transaction, plus a predetermined markup. When the cryptocurrency is sold to customers, the Company relieves the adjusted cost basis of its cryptocurrency, net of impairments, on a first-in, first-out basis within cost of revenue (excluding depreciation and amortization). In the fourth quarter of 2022, the Company discontinued the sale of ETH and LTC to its customers.

During the year ended December 31, 2021, the Company purchased quantities of cryptocurrencies in excess of expected sales that were subsequently sold to customers, sold on exchange or distributed to the Member. Upon disposition, the Company relieved the adjusted cost basis (net of impairments) of the cryptocurrencies with any gains recorded to cost of revenue (excluding depreciation and amortization).

The related cash flows from purchases and sales of cryptocurrencies are presented as cash flows from operating activities on the consolidated Statements of Cash Flows.

See Notes 2(i) and 2(j) to our consolidated financial statements for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022 and for years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021 included elsewhere in this proxy statement for further information regarding the Company’s revenue recognition and cost of revenue related to the Company’s cryptocurrencies.

Goodwill and intangible assets, net

Goodwill represents the excess of the consideration transferred over the estimated fair value of the acquired assets, assumed liabilities, and any noncontrolling interest in the acquired entity in a business combination. The Company tests for impairment at least annually, or more frequently if an event occurs or circumstances change that would more likely than not reduce the fair value of the reporting unit below its carrying value. Application of the goodwill impairment test requires judgment, including the identification of reporting units, assignment of assets and liabilities to reporting units, assignment of goodwill to reporting units, and determination of the fair

 

21


value of each reporting unit. The fair value of each reporting unit is estimated primarily through the use of a discounted cash flow methodology. This analysis requires significant judgments, including estimation of future cash flows, which is dependent on internal forecasts, estimation of the long-term rate of growth for our business, estimation of the useful life over which cash flows will occur, and determination of our weighted average cost of capital. The company performs their annual test for impairment as of December 31 at the reporting unit level.

As a result of the acquisition of BitAccess in July 2021, the Company determined it had two reporting units. In August 2022, the Company terminated a significant BitAccess customer contract and determined that the termination of a significant customer was a triggering event requiring an assessment of impairment of both the acquired intangible assets and goodwill as of the date of the termination. In addition, as a result of the migration of the Company’s BTM kiosks onto the BitAccess platform and the integration of BitAccess operations and processes into its core operations, the Company re-assessed its reporting unit determination and concluded there was one reporting unit subsequent to the triggering event. As a result of the triggering event and reporting unit re-organization, the Company performed an impairment test of its acquired intangible assets and goodwill both before and after the re-organization based on the methodology described above. Based on these events, no impairment was determined as of the triggering event date.

For purposes of performing its annual impairment test, the Company evaluated the recoverability of its goodwill using the consolidated cash flows of the single reporting unit to determine if its goodwill and intangible asset were impaired as of December 31, 2022 in accordance with the methodology described above. There were no triggering events identified during the three months ended March 31, 2023 or March 31, 2022.

Intangible assets, net consist of tradenames, customer relationships, and software applications. Intangible assets with finite lives are amortized over their estimated lives and evaluated for impairment when an event or change in circumstances occurs that warrants such a review. Management periodically evaluates whether changes to estimated useful lives of intangible assets are necessary to ensure its estimates accurately reflect the economic use of the related intangible assets.

Revenue Recognition

Kiosks, BDCheckout, and OTC

Revenue is principally derived from the sale of cryptocurrencies at the point-of-sale on transactions initiated by customers. These customer-initiated transactions are governed by terms and conditions agreed to at the time of each point-of-sale transaction and do not extend beyond the transaction. The Company charges a fee at the transaction level. The transaction price for the customer is the price of the cryptocurrency, which is based on the exchange value at the time of the transaction plus a markup, and a nominal flat fee. The exchange value is determined using real-time exchange prices and the markup percentage is determined by the Company and depends on the current market, competition, the geography of the location of the sale, and the method of purchase.

The Company’s revenue from contracts with customers is principally comprised of a single performance obligation to provide cryptocurrencies when customers buy cryptocurrencies at a BTM kiosk, through BDCheckout or directly via an over-the-counter (OTC) trade. BDCheckout sales are similar to sales from BTM kiosks, in that customers buy cryptocurrencies with cash; however, the BDCheckout transactions are completed at the checkout counter of retail locations, initiated using the Bitcoin Depot mobile app instead of through the BTM kiosks. OTC sales are initiated and completed through the Company’s website. Regardless of the method by which the customer purchases the cryptocurrency, the Company considers its performance obligation satisfied when control of the cryptocurrency is transferred to the customer, which is at the point in time the cryptocurrency is transferred to the customer’s cryptocurrency wallet and the transaction is validated on the blockchain.

The typical process time for our transactions with customers is 30 minutes or less. At period end, for reasons of operational practicality, the Company applies an accounting convention to use the date of the transaction,

 

22


which corresponds to the timing of the cash received, for purposes of recognizing revenue. This accounting convention does not result in materially different revenue recognition from using the time the cryptocurrency has been transferred to the customer’s wallet and the transaction has been validated on the blockchain (see Note 5 to our consolidated financial statements for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020, respectively, included elsewhere in this proxy statement for further information regarding the Company’s revenue recognition).

In a limited number of BTM kiosks, the Company has the technology to allow customers the ability to sell their cryptocurrencies to the Company. In these limited cases, the Company receives the customer’s cryptocurrencies in the Company’s hot wallet, and the kiosk dispenses USD to the selling customer. Because all orders are processed within a very short time frame (typically within minutes), no orders are pending when the customer receives cash upon completion of the transaction at the kiosk. Revenue is recognized at the time when the cash is dispensed to the customer. The cryptocurrencies received are initially accounted for at cost and reflected in Cryptocurrencies on the consolidated Balance Sheet, net of impairments.

Software Services

As a result of the acquisition of BitAccess Inc. in July 2021 (see Note 9 to our consolidated financial statements for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively, included elsewhere in this proxy statement), the Company also generates revenue from contracts with third-party BTM operators to provide software services that enables these customers to operate their own BTM kiosks and facilitate customer cash-to-cryptocurrency transactions. In exchange for these software services, the Company earns a variable fee equal to a percentage of the cash value of the transactions processed by the kiosks using the software during the month, paid in BTC. The Company has determined that the software services are a single performance obligation to provide continuous access to the transaction processing system that is simultaneously provided to and consumed by the customer and represents a single, series performance obligation. Each day of the service periods comprises a distinct, stand-ready service that is substantially the same and with the same pattern of transfer to the customer as all the other days. The Company allocates the variable service fees earned to each distinct service period on the basis that (a) each variable service fee earned relates specifically to the entity’s efforts to provide the software services during that period and (b) allocation of the variable fee entirely to the distinct period in which the transaction giving rise to the fee occurred is consistent with the allocation objective in ASC 606. Accordingly, the Company allocates and recognizes variable software services revenue in the period in which the transactions giving rise to the earned variable fee occur.

BitAccess also generates revenue by selling kiosk hardware to BTM operators in exchange for cash. Hardware revenue is recognized at a point-in-time when the hardware is shipped to the customer and control is transferred to the customer. When customers pay in advance for the kiosk hardware, the Company records deferred revenue until the hardware is delivered and control is transferred to the customer. Hardware and software services are generally sold separately from each other and are distinct from each other.

The Company has considered whether its contracts with BitAccess customers for software services are themselves derivative contracts or contain an embedded derivative in accordance with ASC 815 - Derivatives and Hedging, because the Company elects to receive BTC as payment for these software fees. The Company determined that the contracts are not themselves derivative contracts in their entirety but do contain an embedded derivative for the right to receive the USD denominated receivable in BTC as settlement. Due to the immaterial amount of BTC not received as settlement of receivables from customers at each month end and because the fair value of the embedded derivative was determined to be de minimis, the Company has not separately disclosed the fair value of the embedded derivative in the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

 

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Cost of Revenue (excluding depreciation and amortization)

The Company’s cost of revenue consists primarily of direct costs related to selling cryptocurrencies and operating the Company’s network of kiosks. The cost of revenue (excluding depreciation and amortization) caption includes cryptocurrency expenses, floorspace expenses, and kiosk operations expenses.

Cryptocurrency expenses

Cryptocurrency expenses include the cost of cryptocurrencies, fees paid to obtain cryptocurrencies, impairment of cryptocurrencies, gains on sales of cryptocurrencies on exchange, fees paid to operate the software on the BTM kiosks, and fees paid to transfer cryptocurrencies to customers.

Floor lease expenses

Floorspace lease expenses include lease expense related to retail locations for our kiosks.

Kiosk Operations expenses

Kiosk operations expenses include the cost of kiosk repair and maintenance and the cost of armored trucks to collect and transport cash deposited into the BTM kiosks.

The Company presents cost of revenue in the consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income exclusive of depreciation related to BTM kiosks and amortization of intangible assets related to software applications, tradenames and customer relationships.

Commitments and Contingencies

The Company assesses legal contingencies in accordance with ASC 450 — Contingencies and determines whether a legal contingency is probable, reasonably possible or remote. When contingencies become probable and can be reasonably estimated, the Company records an estimate of the probable loss. When contingencies are considered probable or reasonably possible but cannot be reasonably estimated, the Company discloses the contingency when the probable or reasonably possible loss could be material.

Litigation

From time to time in the regular course of its business, the Company is involved in various lawsuits, claims, investigations and other legal matters. Except as noted below, there are no material legal proceedings pending or known by the Company to be contemplated to which the Company is a party or to which any of its property is subject to.

The Company believes that adequate provisions for resolution of all contingencies, claims and pending litigation have been made for probable losses that are reasonably estimable. These contingencies are subject to significant uncertainties and the Company is unable to estimate the amount or range of loss, if any, in excess of amounts accrued. The Company does not believe that the ultimate outcome of these actions will have a material adverse effect on its financial condition but could have a material adverse effect on its results of operations, cash flows or liquidity in a given quarter or year.

Leases

The Company adopted Topic 842 effective January 1, 2022 using the modified retrospective transition approach. The Company has utilized the effective date transition method and accordingly is not required to adjust its comparative period financial information for effects of Topic 842. The Company has elected to adopt practical

 

24


expedients which permits it to not reassess its prior conclusions about lease identification, lease classification and initial direct costs under the new standard. The Company elected not to recognize right of use (“ROU”) assets and lease liabilities for leases with terms of 12 months or less at lease commencement and do not include an option to purchase the underlying asset that the Company is reasonably certain to exercise. The Company determines if an arrangement is a lease, or contains a lease, at inception of a contract and when the terms of an existing contract are changed. The Company recognizes a lease liability and an ROU asset at the commencement date of each lease. For operating and finance leases, the lease liability is initially measured at the present value of the unpaid lease payments at the lease commencement date. The lease liability is subsequently measured at amortized cost using the effective interest method. The ROU asset is initially measured at cost, which comprises the initial amount of the lease liability adjusted for lease payments made at or before lease commencement date, plus any initial direct costs incurred less any lease incentives received. Variable payments are included in the future lease payments when those variable payments depend on an index or a rate. The discount rate is the implicit rate, if it is readily determinable, or the Company’s incremental borrowing rate. The Company’s incremental borrowing rate for a lease is the rate of interest it would have to pay on a collateralized basis to borrow an amount equal to the lease payments under similar terms and in a similar economic environment. The Company recognizes lease costs associated with short-term leases on a straight-line basis over the lease term. When contracts contain lease and nonlease components, the Company accounts for both components as a single lease component.

On adoption, the Company recognized operating lease liabilities of $617,491 with corresponding ROU assets of $383,723 which is the net of operating lease liabilities on adoption and deferred rent liability of $233,768 at January 1, 2022. As part of the Topic 842 adoption, the Company reclassified existing capital lease obligations, to finance lease obligations which are presented as current installments of obligations under finance leases and obligation under leases, non-current on the consolidated Balance Sheets. There was no impact on the Statements of Changes in Member’s Equity for the adoption of Topic 842.

Internal Controls and Procedures

We are not currently required to comply with the SEC’s rules implementing Section 404 of the Sarbanes- Oxley Act and are therefore not required to make a formal assessment of the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting for that purpose. Upon becoming a public company, we will be required to comply with the SEC’s rules with respect to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, which will require certifications in our quarterly and annual reports and provision of an annual management report on the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting.

We will not be required to have our independent registered accounting firm make its first assessment of our internal control over financial reporting under Section 404 until our first annual report after we cease being an “emerging growth company.”

Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosure about Market Risk

The primary objective of the following information is to provide forward-looking quantitative and qualitative information about our potential exposure to market risk. The term “market risk” refers to the risk of loss arising from adverse changes in cryptocurrency prices and interest rates. The disclosures are not meant to be precise indicators of expected future losses, but rather indicators of reasonably possible losses. This forward- looking information provides indicators of how we view and manage our ongoing market risk exposures.

Foreign Currency Exchange Rate Risk

Certain of our operations are conducted in foreign currencies. Consequently, a portion of our revenues and expenses may be affected by fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates on cash residing in the kiosks. We have not historically hedged our translation risk on foreign currency exposure, but we may do so in the future.

 

25


For the three months March 31, 2023, and for the year ended December 31, 2022, currency exchange rate fluctuations had an insignificant impact on our consolidated revenues.

Generally, the functional currency of our various subsidiaries is their local currency except BitAccess whose functional currency is USD. We are exposed to currency fluctuations on transactions that are not denominated in the functional currency. Gains and losses on such transactions are included in determining net income for the period. We may seek to mitigate our foreign currency risk through timely settlement of transactions and cash flow matching, when possible. For the three months ended March 31, 2023 and for the year ended December 31, 2022, our transaction gains and losses were insignificant.

We are also affected by fluctuations in exchange rates on our investments in foreign operations. Relative to our net investment in foreign operations, the assets and liabilities of subsidiaries whose functional currency is a foreign currency are translated at the period end rate of exchange. The resulting translation adjustment is recorded as a component of other comprehensive income and is included in member’s equity.

Adoption and Market Price of Cryptocurrency

Our business is dependent on the broader use and adoption of Bitcoin, which can to an extent be impacted by the spot price of the cryptocurrency we sell. Historically, we sold Bitcoin, Ethereum, and Litecoin. However, Bitcoin is now our sole cryptocurrency offering. Bitcoin represents 99.3% of our total transaction volume for each of the periods presented in this proxy statement, with the remaining cryptocurrencies accounting for the remaining less than 1% of transaction volume. As the adoption of cryptocurrency continues to grow for the general public, we expect continued growth from our addressable market. The prices of cryptocurrencies, including the cryptocurrencies we sell, have experienced substantial volatility, and high or low prices may have little or no relationship to identifiable market forces, may be subject to rapidly changing investor sentiment, and may be influenced by factors such as technology, regulatory void or changes, fraudulent actors, manipulation and media reporting. Bitcoin (as well as other cryptocurrency) may have value based on various factors, including their acceptance as a means of exchange by consumers and producers, scarcity, and market demand.

Equipment Costs

The cost of new kiosks can be impacted significantly by inflation, supply constraints, and labor shortages, and could be significantly higher than our fair value for new kiosks. As a result, at times, we may obtain kiosks or other hardware from third parties at higher prices, to the extent they are available.

Competition

In addition to factors underlying kiosk business growth and profitability, our success greatly depends on our ability to compete. The markets in which we compete are highly competitive, and we face a variety of current and potential competitors that may have larger and more established customer bases and substantially greater financial, operational, marketing, and other resources than we have. The digital financial system is highly innovative, rapidly evolving, and characterized by healthy competition, experimentation, changing customer needs, frequent introductions of new products, and subject to uncertain and evolving industry and regulatory requirements. We expect competition to intensify as existing and new competitors introduce new products and services or enhance existing ones. We compete against a number of companies operating both within the United States and abroad, including traditional financial institutions, financial technology companies and brokerage firms that have entered the cryptocurrency market in recent years, digital and mobile payment companies offering overlapping features targeted at our users, and companies focused on cryptocurrencies. To stay competitive in the evolving digital financial system, both against new entrants into the market and existing competitors, we anticipate that we will have to continue to offer competitive features and functionalities and keep up with technological advances at fair prices to our users relative to our competitors.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

None.

 

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Exhibit 99.4

 

LOGO    LOGO        

Source: GSR II Meteora Acquisition Corp.

June 30,2023 16:05 ET

Bitcoin Depot and GSR II Meteora Acquisition Corp. Announce Closing of Business Combination

Bitcoin Depot to Begin Trading on July 3rd on the Nasdaq Under New Ticker Symbol “BTM”

ATLANTA and NEW YORK, June 30, 2023 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) –– Lux Vending, LLC dba Bitcoin Depot (“Bitcoin Depot” or the “Company”), a U.S.-based Bitcoin ATM operator and leading fintech company, and GSR II Meteora Acquisition Corp. (NASDAQ: GSRM) (“GSRM”), a special purpose acquisition company, today announced the successful closing of their previously announced business combination (the “Business Combination”). The Business Combination was approved at a special meeting of GSRM stockholders on June 28, 2023 and closed on June 30, 2023.

The combined company will be renamed Bitcoin Depot Inc. and will be led by its existing management team. Bitcoin Depot’s common stock and public warrants are expected to begin trading on July 3, 2023 on the Nasdaq under the ticker symbols “BTM” and “BTMWW”, respectively.

“The closing of the transaction and our listing on Nasdaq is an important milestone and an incredibly proud moment for the entire Bitcoin Depot team,” said Brandon Mintz, CEO and Founder of Bitcoin Depot. “Bitcoin Depot is well positioned with the largest market share in North America and the additional capital from this transaction will help support our numerous growth opportunities while advancing our mission to safely, securely, bring Bitcoin to the masses.”

Gus Garcia, Co-CEO and Director of GSRM, commented, “We are excited to complete our business combination with Bitcoin Depot and help support its growth strategy. Bitcoin Depot has a significant market share and continues to expand its footprint to provide greater access to the broader digital financial system. We believe Bitcoin Depot is poised to continue its momentum to take advantage of the highly fragmented Bitcoin ATM market both domestically and overseas.”

Lewis Silberman, Co-CEO and Director of GSRM, commented, “Bitcoin Depot has a proven track record of growth and profitability and its transaction volumes have remained strong despite the price volatility of Bitcoin. It’s been an honor to support the Bitcoin Depot team on their path to becoming a publicly traded company where it can further scale its business model and leverage its unique position in the expanding Bitcoin ecosystem.”

Advisors

B.Riley Securities served as capital markets advisor to GSRM. Latham & Watkins LLP acted as legal advisor to GSRM. Kirkland & Ellis LLP served as legal advisor to Bitcoin Depot.

About Bitcoin Depot

Bitcoin Depot was founded in 2016 with the mission to connect those who prefer to use cash to the broader, digital financial system. Bitcoin Depot provides its users with simple, efficient and intuitive means of converting cash into Bitcoin, which users can deploy in the payments, spending and investing space. Users can convert cash to Bitcoin at Bitcoin Depot’s kiosks and at thousands of name-brand retail locations through its BDCheckout product. The Company has the largest market share in North America with approximately 6,440 kiosk locations as of March 31, 2023. Learn more at www.bitcoindepot.com.


About GSR II Meteora Acquisition Corporation

GSR II Meteora Acquisition Corporation (NASDAQ: GSRM) is blank check company formed for the purpose of effecting a merger, capital stock exchange, asset acquisition, stock purchase, reorganization or similar business combination with one or more businesses. GSRM’s management team is led by co-CEOs Gus Garcia and Lewis Silberman, President Anantha Ramamurti and CFO Joseph Tonnos. GSRM was formed in partnership with Meteora Capital, an investment adviser specializing in SPAC-related investments. For additional information, please visit www.gsrmet.com.

Forward-Looking Statements

The information in this press release and in any oral statements made in connection herewith include “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of the “safe harbor” provisions of the United States Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Forward-looking statements may be identified by the use of words such as “estimate,” “plan,” “project,” “forecast,” “intend,” “will,” “expect,” “anticipate,” “believe,” “seek,” “target” or other similar expressions that predict or indicate future events or trends or that are not statements of historical matters, although not all forward-looking statements contain such identifying words. These forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, statements regarding estimates and forecasts of financial and performance metrics and expectations and timing related to potential benefits of the Business Combination. These statements are based on various assumptions, whether or not identified in this press release, and on the current expectations of Bitcoin Depot’s and GSRM’s management and are not predictions of actual performance. These forward-looking statements are provided for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to serve as, and must not be relied on by any investor as, a guarantee, an assurance, a prediction or a definitive statement of fact or probability. Actual events and circumstances are difficult or impossible to predict and will differ from assumptions. Many actual events and circumstances are beyond the control of Bitcoin Depot and GSRM. These forward-looking statements are subject to a number of risks and uncertainties, including changes in domestic and foreign business, market, financial, political and legal conditions; failure to realize the anticipated benefits of the Business Combination; risks relating to the uncertainty of the projected financial information with respect to Bitcoin Depot; future global, regional or local economic and market conditions; the development, effects and enforcement of laws and regulations; Bitcoin Depot’s ability to manage future growth; Bitcoin Depot’s ability to develop new products and services, bring them to market in a timely manner and make enhancements to its platform; the effects of competition on Bitcoin Depot’s future business; the ability of Bitcoin Depot to issue equity or equity-linked securities in the future; the outcome of any potential litigation, government and regulatory proceedings, investigations and inquiries; and those factors described or referenced in GSRM’s final initial public offering prospectus dated February 24, 2022, its most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022, and the Proxy Statement, in each case, under the heading “Risk Factors,” and other documents of GSRM or Bitcoin Depot filed, or to be filed, from time to time with the SEC. If any of these risks materialize or GSRM’s and Bitcoin Depot’s assumptions prove incorrect, actual results could differ materially from the results implied by these forward-looking statements. There may be additional risks that neither Bitcoin Depot nor GSRM presently know or that Bitcoin Depot and GSRM currently believe are immaterial that could also cause actual results to differ from those contained in the forward-looking statements. In addition, forward-looking statements reflect Bitcoin Depot’s and GSRM’s expectations, plans or forecasts of future events and views as of the date of this press release. Bitcoin Depot and GSRM anticipate that subsequent events and developments will cause Bitcoin Depot’s and GSRM’s assessments to change. However, while Bitcoin Depot and GSRM may elect to update these forward-looking statements at some point in the future, Bitcoin Depot and GSRM specifically disclaim any obligation to do so except as otherwise required by applicable law. These forward-looking statements should not be relied upon as representing Bitcoin Depot’s and GSRM’s assessments as of any date subsequent to the date of this press release. Accordingly, undue reliance should not be placed upon the forward-looking statements.

Contacts:

Investors

Cody Slach, Alex Kovtun

Gateway Group, Inc.

949-574-3860

GSRM@gateway-grp.com


Media

Zach Kadletz, Brenlyn Motlagh, Ryan Deloney

Gateway Group, Inc.

949-574-3860

GSRM@gateway-grp.com

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Document and Entity Information
Jun. 30, 2023
Document Information [Line Items]  
Document Type 8-K
Document Period End Date Jun. 30, 2023
Entity Registrant Name Bitcoin Depot Inc.
Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code DE
Entity File Number 001-41305
Entity Tax Identification Number 87-3219029
Entity Address, Address Line One 3343 Peachtree Road NE
Entity Address, Address Line Two Suite 750
Entity Address, City or Town Atlanta
Entity Address, State or Province GA
Entity Address, Postal Zip Code 30326
City Area Code 678
Local Phone Number 435-9604
Entity Information, Former Legal or Registered Name GSR II Meteora Acquisition Corp.
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Pre-commencement Tender Offer false
Pre-commencement Issuer Tender Offer false
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Current Fiscal Year End Date --12-31
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Former Address [Member]  
Document Information [Line Items]  
Entity Address, Address Line One 418 Broadway
Entity Address, Address Line Two Suite N
Entity Address, City or Town Albany
Entity Address, State or Province NY
Entity Address, Postal Zip Code 12207
Common Class A [Member]  
Document Information [Line Items]  
Title of 12(b) Security Class A Common Stock, par value $0.0001 per share
Trading Symbol BTM
Security Exchange Name NASDAQ
Warrant [Member]  
Document Information [Line Items]  
Title of 12(b) Security Warrants, each whole warrant exercisable for one share of Class A Common Stock at an exercise price of $11.50 per share
Trading Symbol BTMWW
Security Exchange Name NASDAQ

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