Notes to Schedule of Portfolio Investments (Unaudited)
Valuation of Investments
Portfolio securities are valued by various methods depending on the primary market or exchange on which they trade. Most equity securities for which the primary market is in the United States are usually valued at
the official closing price, last sale price or, if no sale has occurred, at the closing bid price. Most equity securities for which the primary market is outside the United States are usually valued using the official closing price or the last
sale price in the principal market in which they are traded. If the last sale price on the local exchange is unavailable, the last evaluated quote or closing bid price normally is used. In the event of an unexpected closing of the primary market
or exchange, a security may continue to trade on one or more other markets, and the price as reflected on those other trading venues may be more reflective of the security’s value than an earlier price from the primary market or exchange.
Accordingly, the Fund may seek to use these additional sources of pricing data or information when prices from the primary market or exchange are unavailable, or are earlier and less representative of current market value. Certain debt securities
may be priced through pricing services that may utilize a matrix pricing system which takes into consideration factors such as yields, prices, maturities, call features, and ratings on comparable securities or according to prices quoted by a
securities dealer that offers pricing services. Open end investment companies are valued at their net asset value. Foreign securities markets may be open on days when the U.S. markets are closed. For this
reason, the value of any foreign securities owned by the Fund could change on a day when shareholders cannot buy or sell shares of the Fund. Securities for which market quotations are not readily available or reliable and other assets may be
valued as determined in good faith by the Investment Manager under the direction of or pursuant to procedures approved by the Fund’s Board of Trustees, called “fair value pricing.” Due to the inherent uncertainty of valuation, fair value pricing
values may differ from the values that would have been used had a readily available or reliable market quotation for the securities existed. These differences in valuation could be material. A security’s valuation may differ depending on the
method used for determining value. The use of fair value pricing by the Fund may cause the net asset value of its shares to differ from the net asset value that would be calculated using market prices. A fair value price is an estimate and there
is no assurance that such price will be at or close to the price at which a security is next quoted or traded.
Value Measurements
Inputs to valuation methods are prioritized by a three level hierarchy as follows:
• Level 1 - unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities including securities actively traded on a securities exchange.
• Level 2 - observable inputs other than quoted prices included in level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability which may include quoted prices for similar instruments, interest rates, prepayment speeds,
credit risk, yield curves, default rates, and similar data.
• Level 3 - unobservable inputs for the asset or liability including the Fund’s own assumptions about the assumptions a market participant would use in valuing the asset or liability.
The availability of observable inputs can vary from security to security and is affected by a wide variety of factors including, for example, the type of security, whether the security is new and not yet
established in the marketplace, the liquidity of markets, and other characteristics particular to the security. To the extent that valuation is based on models or inputs that are less observable or unobservable in the market, the determination of
fair value requires more judgment. Accordingly, the degree of judgment exercised in determining fair value is greatest for investments categorized in level 3. The inputs used to measure fair value may fall into different levels of the fair value
hierarchy. In such cases, the level in the fair value hierarchy within which the fair value measurement falls in its entirety is determined based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement in its entirety. The
inputs or methodology used for valuing investments are not necessarily an indication of the risk associated with investing in those securities.
The following is a description of the valuation techniques applied to the Fund’s major categories of assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis:
Equity securities (common and preferred stock) – Most publicly traded equity securities are valued normally at the most recent official closing price, last sale price, evaluated quote, or closing bid price. To the
extent these securities are actively traded and valuation adjustments are not applied, they may be categorized in level 1 of the fair value hierarchy. Equities on inactive markets or valued by reference to similar instruments may be categorized
in level 2.
Corporate bonds and notes – The fair value of corporate bonds and notes are normally estimated using various techniques which may consider, among other things, recently executed transactions in securities of the
issuer or comparable issuers, market price quotations (where observable), bond spreads, and fundamental data relating to the issuer. Although most corporate bonds and notes may be categorized in level 2 of the fair value hierarchy, in instances
where lower relative weight is placed on transaction prices, quotations, or similar observable inputs, they may be categorized in level 3.
Restricted and/or illiquid securities – Restricted and/or illiquid securities for which quotations are not readily available or reliable may be valued with fair value pricing as determined in good faith by the
Investment Manager under the direction of or pursuant to procedures approved by the Fund’s Board of Trustees. Restricted securities issued by publicly traded companies are generally valued at a discount to similar publicly traded securities.
Restricted or illiquid securities issued by nonpublic entities may be valued by reference to comparable public entities or fundamental data relating to the issuer or both or similar inputs. Depending on the relative significance of valuation
inputs, these instruments may be categorized in either level 2 or level 3 of the fair value hierarchy.
The following is a summary of the inputs used as of September 30, 2019 in valuing the Fund’s assets. Refer to the schedules of portfolio investments for detailed information on specific investments.
Assets
|
Level 1
|
Level 2
|
Level 3
|
Total
|
Investments, at value
|
|
|
|
|
|
Common stocks
|
$ 179,125,410
|
$ -
|
$ -
|
$ 179,125,410
|
|
Corporate bonds and notes
|
-
|
417,890
|
-
|
417,890
|
|
Reorganization interests
|
-
|
-
|
0
|
0
|
|
Master limited partnerships
|
2,532,647
|
-
|
-
|
2,532,647
|
|
Preferred stocks
|
|
4,732,957
|
-
|
-
|
4,732,957
|
Total investments, at value
|
$ 186,391,014
|
$ 417,890
|
$ 0
|
$ 186,808,904
|
There were no securities transferred from level 1 on December 31, 2018 to level 2 on September 30, 2019.
The following is a reconciliation of level 3 assets including securities valued at zero:
|
|
|
|
Reorganization
Interests
|
Balance at December 31, 2018
|
$ 0
|
Proceeds from sales
|
-
|
Realized gain (loss)
|
-
|
Transfers into (out of) level 3
|
-
|
Change in unrealized depreciation
|
-
|
Balance at September 30, 2019
|
|
|
$ 0
|
Net change in unrealized depreciation attributable to assets still held as level 3 at September 30, 2019
|
$ -
|
The Investment Manager, under the direction of the Fund’s Board of Trustees, considers various valuation approaches for valuing assets categorized within level 3 of the fair value hierarchy. The factors used in
determining the value of such assets may include, but are not limited to: the discount applied due to the private nature of the asset; the type of the security; the size of the asset; the initial cost of the security; the existence of any
contractual restrictions on the security’s disposition; the price and extent of public trading in similar securities of the issuer or of comparable companies; quotations or evaluated prices from broker-dealers and/or pricing services; information
obtained from the issuer or analysts; an analysis of the company’s or issuer’s financial statements; or an evaluation of the forces that influence the issuer and the market in which the asset is purchased and sold. Significant changes in any of
those inputs in isolation may result in a significantly lower or higher fair value measurement. The pricing of all fair value assets is normally reported to the Fund’s Board of Trustees.
The following table presents additional information about valuation methodologies and inputs used for assets that are measured at fair value and categorized as level 3 as of September 30, 2019:
|
Fair Value
|
Valuation Technique
|
Unobservable Input
|
Range
|
Common stocks
|
|
|
|
|
Reorganization interests
|
$ 0
|
Cost; last known market value for predecessor securities; estimated recovery on liquidation
|
Discount rate for lack of marketability
|
100%
|
Cost for Federal Income Tax Purposes
As of September 30, 2019, for federal income tax purposes, subject to change, the aggregate cost of securities was $ 163,424,896 and net unrealized appreciation was $23,384,008, comprised of gross unrealized
appreciation of $31,970,252 and gross unrealized depreciation of $8,586,244. The aggregate cost of investments for tax purposes will depend upon the Fund’s investment experience during the entirety of its fiscal year and may be subject to changes
based on tax regulations.
Illiquid and Restricted Securities
The Fund owns securities which have a limited trading market and/or certain restrictions on trading and, therefore, may be illiquid and/or restricted. Such securities have been valued using fair value pricing. Due
to the inherent uncertainty of valuation, fair value pricing values may differ from the values that would have been used had a readily available market for the securities existed. These differences in valuation could be material. Illiquid and/or
restricted securities owned as of September 30, 2019 were as follows:
|
Acquisition Date
|
Cost
|
Value
|
Penson Technologies LLC
|
3/08/12
|
$ 0
|
$ 0
|
Percent of net assets
|
|
0%
|
0%
|
Market and Credit Risks
The Fund may invest in below investment grade securities (commonly referred to as “junk” bonds). Below investment grade securities are regarded as being predominantly speculative as to the issuer's ability to make
payments of principal and interest. The risks associated with acquiring the securities of such issuers generally are greater than is the case with higher rated securities. For example, during an economic downturn or a sustained period of rising
interest rates, issuers of below investment grade securities may be more likely to experience financial stress, especially if such issuers are highly leveraged. During periods of economic downturn, such issuers may not have sufficient revenues to
meet their interest payment obligations. The issuer's ability to service its debt obligations also may be adversely affected by specific issuer developments, the issuer's inability to meet specific projected business forecasts, or the
unavailability of additional financing. Therefore, there can be no assurance that in the future there will not exist a higher default rate relative to the rates currently existing in the market for below investment grade securities. The risk of
loss due to default by the issuer is significantly greater for the holders of below investment grade securities because such securities may be unsecured and may be subordinate to other creditors of the issuer. The relative illiquidity of some of
these securities may adversely affect the ability of the Fund to dispose of such securities in a timely manner and at a fair price at times when it might be necessary or advantageous for the Fund to liquidate portfolio securities.
Foreign Securities
Investments in the securities of foreign issuers involve special risks which include changes in foreign exchange rates and the possibility of future adverse political, tax, and economic developments which could
adversely affect the value of such securities. Moreover, securities of foreign issuers and securities traded in foreign markets may be less liquid and their prices more volatile than those of U.S. issuers and markets. In addition, in certain
foreign countries, there is the possibility of expropriation or confiscatory taxation, political, or social instability, or diplomatic developments that could affect U.S. investments in the securities of issuers domiciled in those countries.