Thomas R. Westle, Esq.
Item 1. Reports to Stockholders.
(a)
Special Opportunities Fund, Inc.
(SPE)
Annual Report
For the year ended
December 31, 2021
Managed Distribution Plan (unaudited)
On March 4, 2019, the Special Opportunities Fund (the “Fund”) received authorization from the SEC that permits the Fund to distribute long-term capital gains to stockholders more than once per year. Accordingly, on April 1,
2019, the Fund announced its Board of Directors formally approved the implementation of a Managed Distribution Plan (“MDP”) to make monthly cash distributions to stockholders.
In the year ended December 31, 2021, the Fund made monthly distributions to common stockholders at an annual rate of 7% for the period January 1, 2021 – June 30, 2021 and 8% for the period July 1, 2021 – December 31, 2021,
based on the NAV of the Fund’s common shares as of the close of business on the last business day of the previous year. You should not draw any conclusions about the Fund’s investment performance from the amount of these distributions or from the
terms of the MDP. The MDP will be subject to regular periodic review by the Fund’s Board of Directors.
With each distribution, the Fund will issue a notice to stockholders which will provide detailed information regarding the amount and composition of the distribution and other information required by the Fund’s exemptive
order. The Fund’s Board of Directors may amend or terminate the MDP at any time without prior notice to stockholders; however, at this time, there are no reasonably foreseeable circumstances that might cause the termination of the MDP. For tax
reporting purposes the actual composition of the total amount of distributions for each year will continue to be provided on a Form 1099-DIV issued after the end of the year.
The conversion price for each share of the Fund’s convertible preferred stock will decrease by the amount of each distribution to common stockholders. The current conversion price as well as other information about the Fund
will be available on the Fund’s website at www.specialopportunitiesfundinc.com.
February 28, 2022
Dear Fellow Shareholder:
Special Opportunities Fund has a managed distribution plan that provides for monthly distributions to common shareholders at an annual rate of at least 8% of the net asset value (NAV) of the Fund’s common shares as of the
last trading day of the prior year. The Board and the Fund’s investment adviser believe a managed distribution policy enables the investment adviser to better manage the portfolio because the Fund can remain more fully invested for the entire year
than would otherwise be the case if the adviser has to continually keep in mind the possibility of having to make large sales of securities within a short time span to pay a sizeable year-end dividend. In 2021, a monthly distribution of $0.094 per
share was paid from January through June, $0.1075 per share was paid from July through November and $0.69763 per share was paid in December (to satisfy an IRS requirement to distribute substantially all of the Fund’s realized capital gains). As of
December 31, 2021, the NAV was $16.55 so the minimum monthly distribution for 2022 is $0.11 per share.
After accounting for dividends, the Fund’s NAV per common share increased by 3.36% and 14.09% for the second half and full year of 2021 respectively compared to 11.67% and 28.71% for the S&P 500 Index. We provide these
comparisons only for your information but given the Fund’s unique activist focus and risk averse posture, we know of no reliable benchmark for the Fund. Also, please note that in 2021 the NAV dilution resulting from conversion of the Fund’s “B”
Convertible Preferred Stock was about 10.77%. Since the Fund’s trading discount narrowed in 2021, the market price returns for the Fund’s common shares were significantly higher at 10.47% and 23.62% respectively. As noted above, the Fund’s
portfolio is designed to be risk averse so it is not surprising to underperform a pure equity benchmark like the S&P 500 Index in a rising market. Since the beginning of 2022, the market has cooled off. As of February 18, 2022, the Fund’s NAV
is down 2.66% vs. a decline of 8.57% for the S&P 500 Index.
As we previously reported, on July 9, 2021, all 60,923 shares of the Fund’s “B” Convertible Preferred Stock still outstanding were redeemed at $25 per share. On January 21, 2022, the Fund completed a rights offering for
shares of a newly issued “C” class of Convertible Preferred Stock at $25 per share. The Class C Stock will pay a dividend on the last business day of each quarter at a rate of 2.75% per annum and may be converted into common stock at a price of
$20.50 per share of common stock (or a ratio of 1.2195 shares of common stock for each share of Convertible Preferred Stock) adjusted for any subsequent distributions made to or on behalf of common stockholders. All outstanding shares of the Class C
Stock as of January 21, 2027 (five years from the Expiration Date) will be redeemed at a price of $25.00 per share plus accrued dividends. Please refer to the prospectus, which is available on EDGAR for the full details and to the Fund’s website for
the latest conversion ratio and the latest nominal and diluted NAV of the common shares (assuming all Class C Stock is converted to common shares).
Updates on Some Significant Positions
As of December 31, 2021, shares of closed-end funds (CEFs) and business development companies (BDCs) comprised about 50% of the Fund’s total investible assets. Investments in four CEFs accounted for almost 20% of the
Fund’s $210 million in assets: Central Securities (CET), General American Investors (GAM), Boulder Growth & Income (BIF), and Adams Diversified Equity (ADX). Each of these CEFs provides broad-based exposure to U.S. equities at double-digit
discounts to their NAV. Although none of them is a promising candidate for shareholder activism, each offers good value at a double-digit discount to NAV.
We continually monitor the discount of each of our CEF and BDC holdings and, assuming all else being equal, will look to add to our position if the discount widens and pare it if it narrows. For example, one of the Fund’s
large investments has been Suro Capital (SSSS), an equity oriented BDC. Suro has a uniquely attractive portfolio of investments, primarily in private technology-oriented companies. Over the past few years, Suro has been a very good investment for
the Fund. That said, Suro’s shares, which can be volatile, have recently traded up to what may be a premium to its NAV (which is only reported quarterly). We see that as a yellow warning light and, as a result, have been lightening up on our
position.
The Fund has about 8% of its assets in a handful of asset rich (primarily real estate focused) operating companies. Our two largest positions are INDUS Realty Trust (INDT) and Texas Pacific Land (TPL). INDUS, formerly
Griffin Industrial Realty, is a real estate investment trust (REIT) that is engaged in developing, acquiring, managing and leasing industrial/logistics properties located on the East Coast. We think INDUS is well managed, has growth potential, and
that its stock is undervalued relative to its peers. TPL owns approximately 880,000 acres of very valuable land in West Texas, primarily in the Permian Basin, and generates revenue through rental and royalty payments by oil and gas producers. While
TPL has a high margin business with low capital requirements, it has come under pressure from stockholders (including Bulldog Investors) who believe that its potential is not being fully realized. At the annual meeting last December, a stockholder
proposal to declassify the board was approved. In light of that vote, we are considering whether to submit proposals and solicit proxies for the next annual meeting.
The BDCs held by the Fund generally continued to perform well in the second half of 2021. Our focus is on BDCs that we can buy at a sizeable discount to NAV and that have high quality shareholder-friendly managers, pay
good dividends, and are likely prospects for discount narrowing. Careful readers may notice that we no longer hold shares of Barings BDC (BBDC). BBDC is a well-managed BDC which is slated to merge with a private BDC, Sierra Income, by March 31,
2022. Investors in Sierra have had limited liquidity for years and our concern is that a significant number of Sierra’s stockholders, who will soon own 41% of BBDC, may be looking to sell their shares after the merger. That overhang could depress
BBDC’s stock price. If that happens, we might look to re-establish a position in BBDC.
As we have previously discussed, the Fund’s investment in the 7.625% Series A Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock of Brookfield DTLA Fund Office Trust Investor Inc. (DTLA-) has been a disappointment. Nevertheless, the
stock is very cheap compared to its liquidation value and we are cautiously optimistic that it will ultimately be monetized at a significant premium to the current market price. Hopefully, our patience will be rewarded.
We have also discussed our investment in Vertical Capital Income Fund (VCIF) in previous letters. Although VCIF implemented a managed distribution plan in response to stockholder concern about the trading discount of its
shares, the discount is still above 10%. We believe that most stockholders of VCIF would support a plan to maximize the value of their shares and that pressure on the board to adopt such a plan in the near future makes that all but inevitable.
The Fund has sizeable stakes in two energy focused CEFs managed by Tortoise Capital Advisors, Tortoise Power and Energy Infrastructure Fund (TPZ) and Tortoise Energy Independence Fund (NDP). The shares of each of these
funds trade at double-digit discounts to NAV. In October 2020, each adopted bylaws that purport to prohibit (1) a large shareholder from voting all of its shares, and (2) a shareholder from submitting a nominee for director unless the shareholder
has held shares for at least three years. These bylaws may well violate the Investment Company Act of 1940 and a lawsuit challenging them is a real possibility especially after a recent court decision, which is discussed below. On the bright side,
Tortoise recently announced a series of actions to address the discounts of its CEFs including significant dividend increases and two conditional tender offers if the average discount exceeds 10% over a specified time span.
More generally, the Fund holds shares in a number of discounted CEFs that have significant institutional ownership. We believe the potential of an activist campaign to push for a liquidity event serves as a buffer against
a significant widening of their discounts. These CEFs include Taiwan Fund (TWN), Morgan Stanley Emerging Markets Debt Fund (MSD), Japan Smaller Capitalization Fund, and The New Ireland Fund (IRL).
The Fund also owns shares of Saba Capital Income & Opportunities Fund (BRW) and High Income Securities Fund (PCF), two well-managed income funds that have implemented attractive managed distribution plans and that trade
at modest discounts. (Three of the Fund’s directors also serve as trustees of PCF.) We think both of these CEFs are attractive to income oriented investors and their shares may eventually trade at a premium to NAV.
Highland Income Fund (HFRO) is a new investment for the Fund. In June of 2021, management proposed converting HFRO from a CEF to a holding company. On the news, HFRO’s discount immediately increased from 14% to 20%. It
continued to grow, peaking at almost 30%. Although neither the Fund nor Bulldog owned any shares at the time, several stockholders of HFRO contacted us to ask for help in defeating the proposal. We assessed the situation and
concluded that we might be able to help make that happen. We quickly began to purchase shares and then issued a press release and sent a letter to HFRO stockholders advising them to vote against the conversion proposal.
On October 13, 2021, HFRO announced that it had abandoned its plan to deregister as an investment company and would commence a $40 million share buyback, “bolstering efforts to reduce the discount between the Fund’s market price and NAV.” By January
31, 2022, HFRO reported that about $28 million of shares have been repurchased at an average discount of almost 20%. So far, so good.
The Fund has a sizeable allocation representing about 26% of its total investible assets as of December 31, 2021 in special purpose acquisition companies (SPACs). Despite the occasional negative stories about SPACs, they
continue to proliferate and, presumably in response to a supply-demand imbalance, the terms have generally improved from the investor’s standpoint. Indeed, the typical SPAC IPO today consists of a unit of one share and ½ of a warrant, with 102% of
the IPO proceeds placed in a trust account (with the excess funds being provided by the sponsor). Bulldog continues to expect the Fund to achieve a return of between 5% and 8% per annum from a diversified portfolio of SPACs with minimal or no loss
on any individual SPAC investment primarily because of the redemption feature that is baked into every SPAC.
Closed-end Fund Activism Update
Shareholder activism in CEFs has been chilled ever since May 27, 2020 when the SEC staff cravenly acquiesced to lobbying from the industry to allow boards of CEFs to place limitations on the shareholder franchise. We have
been closely following a lawsuit filed on January 14, 2021 in the District Court for the Southern District of New York challenging the legality of so-called “control share” limitations on voting by shareholders of CEFs. Just a few days ago, the
Court issued a well-reasoned opinion that such a voting limitation “violates Section 18(i) of the Investment Company Act of 1940.” While an appeal is always a possibility, we think it is unlikely to succeed. In any event, all investors in CEFs
should applaud the Court’s decision.
* * *
As always, please note that instruction forms for voting proxies for certain closed-end funds held by the Fund are available at http://www.specialopportunitiesfundinc.com/proxy_voting.html. To be notified directly of such
instances, please email us at proxyinstructions@bulldoginvestors.com.
Sincerely yours,
Phillip Goldstein
Chairman
Performance at a glance (unaudited)
Average annual total returns for common stock for the periods ended 12/31/2021
Net asset value returns
|
1 year
|
5 years
|
10 years
|
|
Special Opportunities Fund, Inc.
|
14.09%
|
10.27%
|
8.89%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Market price returns
|
|
|
|
|
Special Opportunities Fund, Inc.
|
23.62%
|
12.87%
|
10.21%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Index returns
|
|
|
|
|
S&P 500® Index
|
28.71%
|
18.47%
|
16.55%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Share price as of 12/31/2021
|
|
|
|
|
Net asset value
|
|
|
$16.55
|
Market price
|
|
|
$15.45
|
Past performance does not predict future performance. The return and value of an investment will fluctuate so that an investor’s share, when sold, may be worth more or less than their original cost. The
Fund’s common stock net asset value (“NAV”) return assumes, for illustration only, that dividends and other distributions, if any, were reinvested at the NAV on the ex-dividend date. The Fund’s common stock market price returns assume that all
dividends and other distributions, if any, were reinvested at the lower of the NAV or the closing market price on the ex-dividend date. NAV and market price returns for the period of less than one year have not been annualized. Returns do not reflect
the deduction of taxes that a shareholder could pay on Fund dividends and other distributions, if any, or the sale of Fund shares.
The S&P 500® Index is a capital weighted, unmanaged index that represents the aggregate market value of the common equity of 500 stocks
primarily traded on the New York Stock Exchange. You cannot invest directly in an index.
Portfolio composition as of 12/31/2021(1) (Unaudited)
|
|
Value
|
|
|
Percent
|
|
Investment Companies
|
|
$
|
104,640,572
|
|
|
49.73
|
%
|
|
Special Purpose Acquisition Vehicles
|
|
|
54,456,876
|
|
|
25.88
|
|
|
Other Common Stocks
|
|
|
16,234,684
|
|
|
7.72
|
|
|
Money Market Funds
|
|
|
13,960,716
|
|
|
6.64
|
|
|
Preferred Stocks
|
|
|
12,339,304
|
|
|
5.86
|
|
|
Corporate Obligations
|
|
|
3,631,998
|
|
|
1.73
|
|
|
Warrants
|
|
|
1,322,406
|
|
|
0.63
|
|
|
Trust Certificates
|
|
|
70,568
|
|
|
0.03
|
|
|
Rights
|
|
|
56,948
|
|
|
0.03
|
|
|
Total Investments
|
|
$
|
206,714,072
|
|
|
98.25
|
%
|
|
Other Assets in Excess of Liabilities
|
|
|
3,679,460
|
|
|
1.75
|
|
|
Total Net Assets
|
|
$
|
210,393,532
|
|
|
100.00
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1) As a percentage of net assets.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The following table represents the Fund's investments categorized by country of risk as of December 31, 2021:
|
% of
|
Country
|
Net Assets
|
United States
|
|
94.92
|
%
|
|
Ireland
|
|
1.73
|
|
|
Cayman Islands
|
|
0.59
|
|
|
United Kingdom
|
|
0.54
|
|
|
Hong Kong
|
|
0.32
|
|
|
Bermuda
|
|
0.14
|
|
|
Denmark
|
|
0.01
|
|
|
|
|
98.25
|
%
|
|
Other Assets in Excess of Liabilities
|
|
1.75
|
|
|
|
|
100.00
|
%
|
|
Portfolio of investments—December 31, 2021
|
|
Shares
|
|
|
Value
|
|
INVESTMENT COMPANIES—49.73%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Closed-End Funds—44.15%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Aberdeen Japan Equity Fund, Inc.
|
|
|
114,992
|
|
|
$
|
934,885
|
|
Adams Diversified Equity Fund, Inc.
|
|
|
114,900
|
|
|
|
2,230,209
|
|
Apollo Tactical Income Fund, Inc.
|
|
|
18,695
|
|
|
|
286,407
|
|
ASA Gold and Precious Metals Ltd. (f)
|
|
|
13,645
|
|
|
|
287,773
|
|
Boulder Growth & Income Fund, Inc.
|
|
|
846,913
|
|
|
|
12,034,634
|
|
Center Coast Brookfield MLP & Energy Infrastructure Fund
|
|
|
26,045
|
|
|
|
352,649
|
|
Central and Eastern Europe Fund, Inc.
|
|
|
24,694
|
|
|
|
651,675
|
|
Central Securities Corp.
|
|
|
278,407
|
|
|
|
12,411,384
|
|
Cushing MLP & Infrastructure Total Return Fund
|
|
|
65,450
|
|
|
|
1,996,225
|
|
Delaware Enhanced Global Dividend & Income Fund
|
|
|
95,529
|
|
|
|
969,619
|
|
Delaware Investments Colorado Municipal Income Fund, Inc.
|
|
|
13,729
|
|
|
|
195,638
|
|
Delaware Investments Minnesota Municipal Income Fund II, Inc.
|
|
|
142,869
|
|
|
|
2,015,882
|
|
Delaware Investments National Municipal Income Fund
|
|
|
300
|
|
|
|
4,236
|
|
Dividend and Income Fund
|
|
|
350,673
|
|
|
|
5,105,273
|
|
First Trust Dynamic Europe Equity Income Fund
|
|
|
10,000
|
|
|
|
132,800
|
|
General American Investors Co., Inc.
|
|
|
287,778
|
|
|
|
12,719,788
|
|
High Income Securities Fund
|
|
|
300,200
|
|
|
|
2,596,730
|
|
Highland Global Allocation Fund
|
|
|
145,823
|
|
|
|
1,322,615
|
|
Highland Income Fund
|
|
|
387,178
|
|
|
|
4,255,086
|
|
Japan Smaller Capitalization Fund, Inc.
|
|
|
143,972
|
|
|
|
1,133,060
|
|
Liberty All Star Equity Fund
|
|
|
256,500
|
|
|
|
2,149,470
|
|
Mexico Equity & Income Fund, Inc. (a)
|
|
|
100,100
|
|
|
|
892,892
|
|
Miller/Howard High Dividend Fund
|
|
|
52,789
|
|
|
|
544,782
|
|
Morgan Stanley Emerging Markets Debt Fund, Inc.
|
|
|
370,850
|
|
|
|
3,341,358
|
|
PGIM Global High Yield Fund, Inc.
|
|
|
68,996
|
|
|
|
1,041,150
|
|
RiverNorth Opportunities Fund, Inc.
|
|
|
103,381
|
|
|
|
1,648,927
|
|
Royce Micro-Cap Trust, Inc.
|
|
|
43,298
|
|
|
|
500,092
|
|
Saba Capital Income & Opportunities Fund
|
|
|
647,033
|
|
|
|
2,924,589
|
|
Salient Midstream & MLP Fund
|
|
|
15,220
|
|
|
|
102,583
|
|
Taiwan Fund, Inc.
|
|
|
204,099
|
|
|
|
7,667,999
|
|
The New Ireland Fund, Inc.
|
|
|
77,906
|
|
|
|
869,431
|
|
The Swiss Helvetia Fund, Inc.
|
|
|
236,992
|
|
|
|
2,355,700
|
|
Tortoise Energy Independence Fund, Inc.
|
|
|
55,315
|
|
|
|
1,224,685
|
|
Tortoise Power and Energy Infrastructure Fund, Inc.
|
|
|
208,356
|
|
|
|
2,837,809
|
|
Vertical Capital Income Fund
|
|
|
310,486
|
|
|
|
3,166,957
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
92,904,992
|
|
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
Portfolio of investments—December 31, 2021
|
|
Shares
|
|
|
Value
|
|
INVESTMENT COMPANIES—(continued)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Business Development Companies—5.58%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
CION Investment Corp.
|
|
|
77,738
|
|
|
$
|
1,016,036
|
|
Crescent Capital BDC, Inc.
|
|
|
25,000
|
|
|
|
440,000
|
|
FS KKR Capital Corp.
|
|
|
153,274
|
|
|
|
3,209,558
|
|
PennantPark Investment Corp.
|
|
|
27,600
|
|
|
|
191,268
|
|
Portman Ridge Finance Corp.
|
|
|
45,670
|
|
|
|
1,130,789
|
|
SuRo Capital Corp.
|
|
|
443,856
|
|
|
|
5,747,929
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
11,735,580
|
|
Total Investment Companies (Cost $84,020,848)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
104,640,572
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
TRUST CERTIFICATES—0.03%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Lamington Road Grantor Trust (a)(c)(f)
|
|
|
320,690
|
|
|
|
70,568
|
|
Total Trust Certificates (Cost $92,870)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
70,568
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
PREFERRED STOCKS—5.86%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Capital Markets—0.35%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
B. Riley Financial, Inc., 6.375%
|
|
|
28,000
|
|
|
|
735,000
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Electrical Equipment—1.00%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Babcock & Wilcox Enterprises, Inc., 8.125%
|
|
|
80,000
|
|
|
|
2,104,000
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Entertainment—0.52%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Chicken Soup For The Soul Entertainment, Inc., 9.500%
|
|
|
43,270
|
|
|
|
1,103,385
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Internet & Direct Marketing Retail—0.50%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
iMedia Brands, Inc., 8.500%
|
|
|
50,000
|
|
|
|
1,060,000
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Real Estate Investment Trusts—3.49%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Brookfield DTLA Fund Office Trust Investor, Inc.—Series A, 7.625%
|
|
|
171,723
|
|
|
|
2,266,743
|
|
NexPoint Diversified Real Estate Trust—Series A, 5.500%
|
|
|
22,324
|
|
|
|
472,376
|
|
Sachem Capital Corp., 7.125%
|
|
|
60,000
|
|
|
|
1,507,800
|
|
Sachem Capital Corp., 7.750%
|
|
|
120,000
|
|
|
|
3,090,000
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
7,336,919
|
|
Total Preferred Stocks (Cost $14,425,332)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
12,339,304
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
OTHER COMMON STOCKS—7.72%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Food & Staples Retailing—0.50%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Village Super Market, Inc.
|
|
|
44,607
|
|
|
|
1,043,358
|
|
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
Portfolio of investments—December 31, 2021
|
|
Shares
|
|
|
Value
|
|
OTHER COMMON STOCKS—(continued)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Insurance—0.02%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Syncora Holdings Ltd. (f)
|
|
|
300,000
|
|
|
$
|
51,000
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Oil, Gas & Consumable Fuels—1.60%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Texas Pacific Land Corp.
|
|
|
2,700
|
|
|
|
3,371,949
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Real Estate Investment Trusts—4.76%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Indus Realty Trust, Inc.
|
|
|
72,874
|
|
|
|
5,907,166
|
|
Monmouth Real Estate Investment Corp.—Class A
|
|
|
60,000
|
|
|
|
1,260,600
|
|
Seven Hills Realty Trust
|
|
|
274,093
|
|
|
|
2,845,085
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10,012,851
|
|
Real Estate Management & Development—0.75%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Howard Hughes Corp. (a)
|
|
|
12,000
|
|
|
|
1,221,360
|
|
Trinity Place Holdings, Inc. (a)
|
|
|
190,851
|
|
|
|
351,166
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1,572,526
|
|
Software—0.09%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Synchronoss Technologies, Inc. (a)
|
|
|
75,000
|
|
|
|
183,000
|
|
Total Other Common Stocks (Cost $16,323,983)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
16,234,684
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Shares/Units
|
|
|
|
|
|
SPECIAL PURPOSE ACQUISITION VEHICLES—25.88% (a)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
ABG Acquisition Corp. I (f)
|
|
|
15,000
|
|
|
|
146,700
|
|
AltC Acquisition Corp.
|
|
|
100,000
|
|
|
|
985,000
|
|
Arbor Rapha Capital Bioholdings Corp. I Units
|
|
|
92,800
|
|
|
|
941,920
|
|
Ares Acquisition Corp. (f)
|
|
|
100,000
|
|
|
|
974,000
|
|
Austerlitz Acquisition Corp. I (f)
|
|
|
50,000
|
|
|
|
485,500
|
|
Austerlitz Acquisition Corp. II (f)
|
|
|
100,000
|
|
|
|
972,000
|
|
B Riley Principal 150 Merger Corp.
|
|
|
26,400
|
|
|
|
267,168
|
|
B Riley Principal 250 Merger Corp.
|
|
|
99,999
|
|
|
|
973,990
|
|
Big Sky Growth Partners, Inc. Units
|
|
|
111,780
|
|
|
|
1,094,326
|
|
Blockchain Coinvestors Acquisition Corp. I Units (f)
|
|
|
65,000
|
|
|
|
657,150
|
|
Bridgetown 2 Holdings Ltd. (f)
|
|
|
64,738
|
|
|
|
641,554
|
|
Cactus Acquisition Corp 1 Ltd. Units (f)
|
|
|
81,400
|
|
|
|
822,140
|
|
CC Neuberger Principal Holdings II (f)
|
|
|
104,700
|
|
|
|
1,036,530
|
|
CF Acquisition Corp. VIII
|
|
|
34,000
|
|
|
|
339,320
|
|
Churchill Capital Corp. V
|
|
|
105,728
|
|
|
|
1,040,364
|
|
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
Portfolio of investments—December 31, 2021
|
|
Shares/Units
|
|
|
Value
|
|
SPECIAL PURPOSE ACQUISITION VEHICLES—(continued)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Churchill Capital Corp. VI
|
|
|
81,000
|
|
|
$
|
792,180
|
|
Churchill Capital Corp. VII
|
|
|
124,920
|
|
|
|
1,227,964
|
|
Colombier Acquisition Corp. Units
|
|
|
100,000
|
|
|
|
981,000
|
|
Corner Growth Acquisition Corp. (f)
|
|
|
99,999
|
|
|
|
979,990
|
|
Corner Growth Acquisition Corp. 2 Units (f)
|
|
|
39,800
|
|
|
|
398,796
|
|
Digital Health Acquisition Corp. Units
|
|
|
116,000
|
|
|
|
1,187,910
|
|
DTRT Health Acquisition Corp. Units
|
|
|
76,250
|
|
|
|
767,837
|
|
EdtechX Holdings Acquisition Corp. II
|
|
|
111,000
|
|
|
|
1,111,110
|
|
FAST Acquisition Corp. II
|
|
|
128,348
|
|
|
|
1,247,543
|
|
FinTech Acquisition Corp. VI
|
|
|
100,000
|
|
|
|
980,000
|
|
Fortress Value Acquisition Corp. IV
|
|
|
53,000
|
|
|
|
516,750
|
|
Forum Merger IV Corp.
|
|
|
96,900
|
|
|
|
943,806
|
|
FTAC Hera Acquisition Corp. (f)
|
|
|
142,000
|
|
|
|
1,387,340
|
|
Fusion Acquisition Corp. II
|
|
|
139,998
|
|
|
|
1,357,981
|
|
G Squared Ascend II, Inc. (f)
|
|
|
67,998
|
|
|
|
659,581
|
|
GigInternational1, Inc.
|
|
|
141,812
|
|
|
|
1,408,193
|
|
GO Acquisition Corp.
|
|
|
150,999
|
|
|
|
1,485,830
|
|
Gores Guggenheim, Inc.
|
|
|
26,680
|
|
|
|
312,156
|
|
Graf Acquisition Corp. IV Units
|
|
|
100,000
|
|
|
|
990,000
|
|
GX Acquisition Corp. II
|
|
|
150,000
|
|
|
|
1,453,995
|
|
Haymaker Acquisition Corp. III
|
|
|
106,084
|
|
|
|
1,039,623
|
|
Healthcare Services Acquisition Corp. Units
|
|
|
100,000
|
|
|
|
994,000
|
|
Ibere Pharmaceuticals Units (f)
|
|
|
15,000
|
|
|
|
150,300
|
|
Industrial Human Capital, Inc.
|
|
|
111,300
|
|
|
|
1,104,096
|
|
Insight Acquisition Corp. Units
|
|
|
24,900
|
|
|
|
248,751
|
|
Jack Creek Investment Corp. (f)
|
|
|
81,378
|
|
|
|
794,249
|
|
KKR Acquisition Holdings I Corp.
|
|
|
100,000
|
|
|
|
974,000
|
|
Landcadia Holdings IV, Inc.
|
|
|
100,000
|
|
|
|
973,000
|
|
Larkspur Health Acquisition Corp. Units
|
|
|
87,000
|
|
|
|
871,740
|
|
Leo Holdings Corp. II Units (f)
|
|
|
49,235
|
|
|
|
481,518
|
|
Live Oak Crestview Climate Acquisition Corp. Units
|
|
|
1,621
|
|
|
|
16,534
|
|
M3-Brigade Acquisition II Corp.
|
|
|
57,750
|
|
|
|
572,302
|
|
M3-Brigade Acquisition III Corp. Units
|
|
|
110,000
|
|
|
|
1,102,200
|
|
Macondray Capital Acquisition Corp. I Units (f)
|
|
|
66,586
|
|
|
|
664,528
|
|
Marlin Technology Corp. (f)
|
|
|
17,199
|
|
|
|
167,862
|
|
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
Portfolio of investments—December 31, 2021
|
|
Shares/Units
|
|
|
Value
|
|
SPECIAL PURPOSE ACQUISITION VEHICLES—(continued)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Newcourt Acquisition Corp. Units (f)
|
|
|
135,035
|
|
|
$
|
1,366,554
|
|
Northern Star Investment Corp. III
|
|
|
106,998
|
|
|
|
1,043,231
|
|
Oxbridge Acquisition Corp. (f)
|
|
|
50,000
|
|
|
|
493,500
|
|
Periphas Capital Partnering Corp. Units
|
|
|
2,980
|
|
|
|
73,576
|
|
PWP Forward Acquisition Corp. I
|
|
|
50,000
|
|
|
|
485,000
|
|
SilverBox Engaged Merger Corp. I
|
|
|
56,448
|
|
|
|
572,947
|
|
Social Capital Suvretta Holdings Corp. I (f)
|
|
|
50,000
|
|
|
|
496,500
|
|
Social Capital Suvretta Holdings Corp. II (f)
|
|
|
50,000
|
|
|
|
494,500
|
|
Social Capital Suvretta Holdings Corp. III (f)
|
|
|
50,000
|
|
|
|
495,000
|
|
Social Capital Suvretta Holdings Corp. IV (f)
|
|
|
50,000
|
|
|
|
491,000
|
|
Software Acquisition Group, Inc. III Units
|
|
|
110,700
|
|
|
|
1,118,070
|
|
Spartan Acquisition Corp. III
|
|
|
75,016
|
|
|
|
740,408
|
|
Tailwind Two Acquisition Corp. (f)
|
|
|
51,249
|
|
|
|
506,853
|
|
Tekkorp Digital Acquisition Corp. (f)
|
|
|
33,200
|
|
|
|
329,676
|
|
TG Venture Acquisition Corp.
|
|
|
100,000
|
|
|
|
981,900
|
|
Tishman Speyer Innovation Corp. II Units
|
|
|
93,530
|
|
|
|
921,271
|
|
Yellowstone Acquisition Co.
|
|
|
140,020
|
|
|
|
1,424,003
|
|
Z-Work Acquisition Corp.
|
|
|
72,000
|
|
|
|
700,560
|
|
Total Special Purpose Acquisition Vehicles (Cost $53,986,266)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
54,456,876
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Principal
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Amount
|
|
|
|
|
|
CORPORATE OBLIGATIONS—1.73%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Lamington Road DAC (b)(c)(f)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
5.000%, 04/07/2121
|
|
$
|
3,372,705
|
|
|
|
2,427,774
|
|
9.750%, 04/07/2121
|
|
|
1,708,119
|
|
|
|
1,204,224
|
|
Total Corporate Obligations (Cost $4,795,398)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
3,631,998
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Shares
|
|
|
|
|
|
WARRANTS—0.63% (a)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
AdTheorent Holding Co., Inc.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Expiration: December 2027
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Exercise Price: $11.50
|
|
|
21,633
|
|
|
|
14,710
|
|
Agba Acquisition Ltd.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Expiration: May 2024
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Exercise Price: $11.50 (f)
|
|
|
51,750
|
|
|
|
11,318
|
|
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
Portfolio of investments—December 31, 2021
|
|
Shares
|
|
|
Value
|
|
WARRANTS—(continued)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Alberton Acquisition Corp.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Expiration: November 2023
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Exercise Price: $11.50 (f)
|
|
|
36,300
|
|
|
$
|
6,534
|
|
Archer Aviation, Inc.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Expiration: September 2026
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Exercise Price: $11.50
|
|
|
23,333
|
|
|
|
27,066
|
|
Ares Acquisition Corp.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Expiration: December 2027
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Exercise Price: $11.50 (f)
|
|
|
20,000
|
|
|
|
17,822
|
|
Authentic Equity Acquisition Corp.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Expiration: December 2027
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Exercise Price: $11.50 (f)
|
|
|
54,000
|
|
|
|
29,138
|
|
B Riley Principal 150 Merger Corp.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Expiration: March 2028
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Exercise Price: $11.50
|
|
|
8,515
|
|
|
|
12,347
|
|
B Riley Principal 250 Merger Corp.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Expiration: December 2027
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Exercise Price: $11.50
|
|
|
33,333
|
|
|
|
26,666
|
|
BigBear.ai Holdings, Inc.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Expiration: December 2028
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Exercise Price: $11.50
|
|
|
20,333
|
|
|
|
16,470
|
|
CC Neuberger Principal Holdings II
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Expiration: July 2025
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Exercise Price: $11.50 (f)
|
|
|
26,175
|
|
|
|
35,598
|
|
CF Acquisition Corp. VIII
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Expiration: December 2027
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Exercise Price: $11.50
|
|
|
8,500
|
|
|
|
7,056
|
|
Churchill Capital Corp. V
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Expiration: October 2027
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Exercise Price: $11.50
|
|
|
26,432
|
|
|
|
25,906
|
|
Churchill Capital Corp. VI
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Expiration: December 2027
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Exercise Price: $11.50
|
|
|
16,200
|
|
|
|
16,605
|
|
Churchill Capital Corp. VII
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Expiration: February 2028
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Exercise Price: $11.50
|
|
|
24,984
|
|
|
|
24,987
|
|
CompoSecure, Inc.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Expiration: October 2025
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Exercise Price: $11.50
|
|
|
9,500
|
|
|
|
14,535
|
|
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
Portfolio of investments—December 31, 2021
|
|
Shares
|
|
|
Value
|
|
WARRANTS—(continued)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Corner Growth Acquisition Corp.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Expiration: December 2027
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Exercise Price: $11.50 (f)
|
|
|
33,333
|
|
|
$
|
22,996
|
|
Dune Acquisition Corp.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Expiration: October 2027
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Exercise Price: $11.50
|
|
|
19,300
|
|
|
|
9,457
|
|
EdtechX Holdings Acquisition Corp. II
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Expiration: June 2027
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Exercise Price: $11.50
|
|
|
55,500
|
|
|
|
27,417
|
|
FAST Acquisition Corp. II
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Expiration: March 2026
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Exercise Price: $11.50
|
|
|
32,087
|
|
|
|
27,916
|
|
FinTech Acquisition Corp. VI
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Expiration: December 2027
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Exercise Price: $11.50
|
|
|
25,000
|
|
|
|
24,250
|
|
Fortress Value Acquisition Corp. IV
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Expiration: March 2028
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Exercise Price: $11.50
|
|
|
6,625
|
|
|
|
5,565
|
|
Forum Merger IV Corp.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Expiration: December 2027
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Exercise Price: $11.50
|
|
|
24,225
|
|
|
|
19,867
|
|
FTAC Hera Acquisition Corp.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Expiration: December 2027
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Exercise Price: $11.50 (f)
|
|
|
35,500
|
|
|
|
33,704
|
|
Fusion Acquisition Corp. II
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Expiration: December 2027
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Exercise Price: $11.50
|
|
|
46,666
|
|
|
|
28,000
|
|
G Squared Ascend II, Inc.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Expiration: December 2026
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Exercise Price: $11.50 (f)
|
|
|
22,666
|
|
|
|
13,597
|
|
GigInternational1, Inc.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Expiration: December 2028
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Exercise Price: $11.50
|
|
|
70,906
|
|
|
|
41,097
|
|
GO Acquisition Corp.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Expiration: August 2027
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Exercise Price: $11.50
|
|
|
50,333
|
|
|
|
33,220
|
|
Gores Guggenheim, Inc.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Expiration: December 2027
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Exercise Price: $11.50
|
|
|
10,000
|
|
|
|
38,399
|
|
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
Portfolio of investments—December 31, 2021
|
|
Shares
|
|
|
Value
|
|
WARRANTS—(continued)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
GX Acquisition Corp. II
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Expiration: December 2028
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Exercise Price: $11.50
|
|
|
50,000
|
|
|
$
|
26,248
|
|
Haymaker Acquisition Corp. III
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Expiration: February 2027
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Exercise Price: $11.50
|
|
|
26,521
|
|
|
|
19,095
|
|
IG Acquisition Corp.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Expiration: October 2027
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Exercise Price: $11.50
|
|
|
88,173
|
|
|
|
70,106
|
|
Industrial Human Capital, Inc.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Expiration: December 2028
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Exercise Price: $11.50
|
|
|
111,300
|
|
|
|
42,294
|
|
Jack Creek Investment Corp.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Expiration: December 2027
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Exercise Price: $11.50 (f)
|
|
|
40,689
|
|
|
|
21,964
|
|
KKR Acquisition Holdings I Corp.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Expiration: December 2027
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Exercise Price: $11.50
|
|
|
25,000
|
|
|
|
24,965
|
|
Lamington Road
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Expiration: July 2025
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Exercise Price: $0.20 (c)(e)(f)
|
|
|
640,000
|
|
|
|
0
|
|
Landcadia Holdings IV, Inc.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Expiration: December 2028
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Exercise Price: $11.50
|
|
|
25,000
|
|
|
|
25,250
|
|
Lionheart Acquisition Corp. II
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Expiration: February 2026
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Exercise Price: $11.50
|
|
|
25,297
|
|
|
|
13,660
|
|
Longview Acquisition Corp. II
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Expiration: May 2026
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Exercise Price: $11.50
|
|
|
8,908
|
|
|
|
7,571
|
|
M3-Brigade Acquisition II Corp.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Expiration: December 2027
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Exercise Price: $11.50
|
|
|
19,250
|
|
|
|
22,330
|
|
Marlin Technology Corp.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Expiration: March 2026
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Exercise Price: $11.50 (f)
|
|
|
5,733
|
|
|
|
3,955
|
|
Northern Star Investment Corp. III
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Expiration: February 2028
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Exercise Price: $11.50
|
|
|
17,833
|
|
|
|
15,695
|
|
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
Portfolio of investments—December 31, 2021
|
|
Shares
|
|
|
Value
|
|
WARRANTS—(continued)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Northern Star Investment Corp. IV
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Expiration: December 2027
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Exercise Price: $11.50
|
|
|
8,833
|
|
|
$
|
7,596
|
|
Oaktree Acquisition Corp. II
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Expiration: September 2027
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Exercise Price: $11.50 (f)
|
|
|
25,000
|
|
|
|
26,503
|
|
Oncology Institute, Inc.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Expiration: June 2026
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Exercise Price: $11.50
|
|
|
52,595
|
|
|
|
36,301
|
|
Oxbridge Acquisition Corp.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Expiration: January 2023
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Exercise Price: $11.50 (f)
|
|
|
50,000
|
|
|
|
20,240
|
|
PWP Forward Acquisition Corp. I
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Expiration: March 2026
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Exercise Price: $11.50
|
|
|
10,000
|
|
|
|
8,000
|
|
Quantum FinTech Acquisition Corp.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Expiration: December 2027
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Exercise Price: $11.50
|
|
|
76,000
|
|
|
|
38,760
|
|
Shapeways Holdings, Inc.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Expiration: October 2026
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Exercise Price: $11.50
|
|
|
100,000
|
|
|
|
51,200
|
|
Signa Sports United NV
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Expiration: July 2023
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Exercise Price: $11.50 (f)
|
|
|
29,000
|
|
|
|
24,937
|
|
SilverBox Engaged Merger Corp. I
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Expiration: December 2027
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Exercise Price: $11.50
|
|
|
18,816
|
|
|
|
26,346
|
|
Spartan Acquisition Corp. III
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Expiration: February 2026
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Exercise Price: $11.50
|
|
|
18,754
|
|
|
|
27,006
|
|
Tailwind Two Acquisition Corp.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Expiration: March 2028
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Exercise Price: $11.50 (f)
|
|
|
17,083
|
|
|
|
14,459
|
|
TG Venture Acquisition Corp.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Expiration: August 2023
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Exercise Price: $11.50
|
|
|
100,000
|
|
|
|
42,990
|
|
Yellowstone Acquisition Co.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Expiration: October 2025
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Exercise Price: $11.50
|
|
|
95,010
|
|
|
|
77,927
|
|
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
Portfolio of investments—December 31, 2021
|
|
Shares
|
|
|
Value
|
|
WARRANTS—(continued)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Z-Work Acquisition Corp.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Expiration: January 2026
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Exercise Price: $11.50
|
|
|
24,000
|
|
|
$
|
14,765
|
|
Total Warrants (Cost $1,629,093)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1,322,406
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
RIGHTS—0.03% (a)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Agba Acquisition Ltd. (f)
|
|
|
12,500
|
|
|
|
2,087
|
|
Alberton Acquisition Corp. (Expiration: April 26, 2022) (f)
|
|
|
70,000
|
|
|
|
24,808
|
|
Nocturne Acquisition Corp. (f)
|
|
|
75,000
|
|
|
|
30,053
|
|
Total Rights (Cost $43,951)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
56,948
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
MONEY MARKET FUNDS—6.64%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fidelity Institutional Government Portfolio—Class I, 0.010% (d)
|
|
|
6,980,358
|
|
|
|
6,980,358
|
|
Invesco Treasury Portfolio—Institutional Class, 0.010% (d)
|
|
|
6,980,358
|
|
|
|
6,980,358
|
|
Total Money Market Funds (Cost $13,960,716)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
13,960,716
|
|
Total Investments (Cost $189,278,457)—98.25%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
206,714,072
|
|
Other Assets in Excess of Liabilities—1.75%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
3,679,460
|
|
TOTAL NET ASSETS—100.00%
|
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
210,393,532
|
|
Percentages are stated as a percent of net assets.
(a)
|
Non-income producing security.
|
(b)
|
The coupon rate shown represents the rate at December 31, 2021.
|
(c)
|
Fair valued securities. The total market value of these securities was $3,702,566, representing 1.76% of net assets. Value determined using significant unobservable inputs.
|
(d)
|
The rate shown represents the seven-day yield at December 31, 2021.
|
(e)
|
Illiquid securities. The total market value of these securities was $0, representing 0.00% of net assets.
|
(f)
|
Foreign-issued security.
|
The Schedule of Investments incorporates the Global Industry Classification Standard (GICS®). GICS was developed by and/or is the exclusive
property of MSCI, Inc. and Standard & Poors Financial Services LLC (“S&P”). GICS is a service mark of MSCI and S&P and has been licensed for use by U.S. Bancorp Fund Services, LLC.
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
Statement of assets and liabilities—December 31, 2021
Assets:
|
|
|
|
Investments, at value (Cost $189,278,457)
|
|
$
|
206,714,072
|
|
Cash
|
|
|
16,048
|
|
Receivables:
|
|
|
|
|
Investments sold
|
|
|
2,551,910
|
|
Dividends and interest
|
|
|
1,451,514
|
|
Other assets
|
|
|
24,108
|
|
Total assets
|
|
|
210,757,652
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Liabilities:
|
|
|
|
|
Payables:
|
|
|
|
|
Investments purchased
|
|
|
37,886
|
|
Advisory fees
|
|
|
183,212
|
|
Administration fees
|
|
|
36,684
|
|
Chief Compliance Officer fees
|
|
|
5,500
|
|
Director fees
|
|
|
11,292
|
|
Fund accounting fees
|
|
|
2,639
|
|
Custody fees
|
|
|
3,833
|
|
Transfer Agent fees
|
|
|
3,356
|
|
Legal fees
|
|
|
6,260
|
|
Audit fees
|
|
|
45,006
|
|
Reports and notices to shareholders
|
|
|
19,584
|
|
Accrued expenses and other liabilities
|
|
|
8,868
|
|
Total liabilities
|
|
|
364,120
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net assets applicable to common shareholders
|
|
$
|
210,393,532
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net assets applicable to common shareholders:
|
|
|
|
|
Common stock – $0.001 par value per common share; 199,995,800 shares authorized;
|
|
|
|
|
12,712,964 shares issued and outstanding, 14,343,863 shares held in treasury
|
|
$
|
403,361,411
|
|
Cost of shares held in treasury
|
|
|
(220,518,502
|
)
|
Total distributable earnings (deficit)
|
|
|
27,550,623
|
|
Net assets applicable to common shareholders
|
|
$
|
210,393,532
|
|
Net asset value per common share ($210,393,532 applicable to
|
|
|
|
|
12,712,964 common shares outstanding)
|
|
$
|
16.55
|
|
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
Statement of operations
|
|
For the year ended
|
|
|
December 31, 2021
|
Investment income:
|
|
|
|
Dividends
|
|
$
|
3,921,009
|
|
Interest
|
|
|
331,514
|
|
Total investment income
|
|
|
4,252,523
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Expenses:
|
|
|
|
|
Investment advisory fees
|
|
|
2,109,493
|
|
Directors’ fees and expenses
|
|
|
180,204
|
|
Administration fees and expenses
|
|
|
158,821
|
|
Legal fees and expenses
|
|
|
136,375
|
|
Stock exchange listing fees
|
|
|
67,391
|
|
Compliance fees and expenses
|
|
|
55,661
|
|
Reports and notices to shareholders
|
|
|
46,515
|
|
Accounting fees and expenses
|
|
|
40,219
|
|
Audit fees
|
|
|
34,431
|
|
Insurance fees
|
|
|
30,609
|
|
Transfer agency fees and expenses
|
|
|
28,393
|
|
Custody fees and expenses
|
|
|
22,349
|
|
Other expenses
|
|
|
2,853
|
|
Net expenses
|
|
|
2,913,314
|
|
Net investment income
|
|
|
1,339,209
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net realized and unrealized gains from investment activities:
|
|
|
|
|
Net realized gain from:
|
|
|
|
|
Investments
|
|
|
21,575,933
|
|
Distributions received from investment companies
|
|
|
8,394,774
|
|
Net realized gain
|
|
|
29,970,707
|
|
Change in net unrealized appreciation on:
|
|
|
|
|
Investments
|
|
|
9,469,453
|
|
Net realized and unrealized gains from investment activities
|
|
|
39,440,160
|
|
Increase in net assets resulting from operations
|
|
|
40,779,369
|
|
Distributions to preferred stockholders
|
|
|
(862,762
|
)
|
Net increase in net assets applicable to common shareholders resulting from operations
|
|
$
|
39,916,607
|
|
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
Statement of cash flows
|
|
For the Year Ended
|
|
|
December 31, 2021
|
Cash flows from operating activities:
|
|
|
|
Net increase in net assets applicable to common shareholders
|
|
$
|
40,779,369
|
|
Adjustments to reconcile net increase in net assets applicable to common
|
|
|
|
|
shareholders resulting from operations to net cash provided by operating activities:
|
|
|
|
|
Purchases of investments
|
|
|
(160,447,610
|
)
|
Proceeds from sales of investments
|
|
|
172,793,665
|
|
Net purchases and sales of short-term investments
|
|
|
(1,284,554
|
)
|
Return of capital distributions received from underlying investments
|
|
|
3,096,186
|
|
Proceeds from corporate actions
|
|
|
1,128,405
|
|
Accretion of discount
|
|
|
(7,498
|
)
|
Increase in dividends and interest receivable
|
|
|
(314,120
|
)
|
Increase in receivable for investments sold
|
|
|
(1,486,811
|
)
|
Increase in other assets
|
|
|
(40
|
)
|
Decrease in payable for investments purchased
|
|
|
(36,460
|
)
|
Increase in payable to Adviser
|
|
|
19,239
|
|
Decrease in accrued expenses and other liabilities
|
|
|
(65,115
|
)
|
Net distributions received from investment companies
|
|
|
8,394,774
|
|
Net realized gains from investments and foreign currency translations
|
|
|
(29,970,707
|
)
|
Litigation and other proceeds
|
|
|
709
|
|
Net change in unrealized appreciation of investments
|
|
|
(9,469,453
|
)
|
Net cash provided by operating activities
|
|
|
23,129,979
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash flows from financing activities:
|
|
|
|
|
Distributions paid to common shareholders
|
|
|
(20,728,094
|
)
|
Distributions paid to preferred shareholders
|
|
|
(862,762
|
)
|
Redemptions of preferred shares
|
|
|
(1,523,075
|
)
|
Net cash used in financing activities
|
|
|
(23,113,931
|
)
|
Net change in cash
|
|
$
|
16,048
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash:
|
|
|
|
|
Beginning of year
|
|
|
—
|
|
End of year
|
|
$
|
16,048
|
|
Non cash financing activities not included herein consist of $54,076,325 of conversion of preferred stock to common stock.
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
Statements of changes in net assets applicable to common
shareholders
|
|
For the
|
|
|
For the
|
|
|
|
year ended
|
|
|
year ended
|
|
|
|
December 31, 2021
|
|
December 31, 2020
|
From operations:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net investment income
|
|
$
|
1,339,209
|
|
|
$
|
2,278,962
|
|
Net realized gain (loss) from:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Investments
|
|
|
21,575,933
|
|
|
|
5,933,967
|
|
Short Transactions
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
(393,778
|
)
|
Distributions received from investment companies
|
|
|
8,394,774
|
|
|
|
1,473,382
|
|
Net change in unrealized appreciation on:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Investments
|
|
|
9,469,453
|
|
|
|
2,866,864
|
|
Net increase in net assets resulting from operations
|
|
|
40,779,369
|
|
|
|
12,159,397
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Distributions paid to preferred shareholders:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net dividends and distributions
|
|
|
(862,762
|
)
|
|
|
(1,945,979
|
)
|
Total dividends and distributions paid to preferred shareholders
|
|
|
(862,762
|
)
|
|
|
(1,945,979
|
)
|
Net increase in net assets applicable to common
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
shareholders resulting from operations
|
|
|
39,916,607
|
|
|
|
10,213,418
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Distributions paid to common shareholders:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net dividends and distributions
|
|
|
(20,728,094
|
)
|
|
|
(9,589,092
|
)
|
Total dividends and distributions paid to common shareholders
|
|
|
(20,728,094
|
)
|
|
|
(9,589,092
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Capital Stock Transactions (Note 4)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Conversion of preferred stock to common stock
|
|
|
54,076,325
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
Total capital stock transactions
|
|
|
54,076,325
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
Net increase in net assets applicable to common shareholders
|
|
|
73,264,838
|
|
|
|
624,326
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net assets applicable to common shareholders:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Beginning of year
|
|
|
137,128,694
|
|
|
|
136,504,368
|
|
End of year
|
|
$
|
210,393,532
|
|
|
$
|
137,128,694
|
|
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
Financial highlights
Selected data for a share of common stock outstanding throughout each year is presented below:
Net asset value, beginning of year
Net investment income (loss)(1)
Net realized and unrealized gains (losses) from investment activities
Total from investment operations
Common share equivalent of dividends paid to preferred shareholders from:
Net investment income
Net realized gains from investment activities
Net Increase in net assets attributable to common stockholders resulting form operations
Dividends and distributions paid to common shareholders from:
Net investment income
Net realized gains from investment activities
Return of capital
Total dividends and distributions paid to common shareholders
Anti-Dilutive effect of Common Share Repurchase
Dilutive effect of conversions of preferred shares to common shares
Net asset value, end of year
Market value, end of year
Total net asset value return(2)
Total market price return(3)
Ratio to average net assets attributable to common shares:
Ratio of expenses to average assets(4)
Ratio of net investment income to average net assets(1)
Supplemental data:
Net assets applicable to common shareholders, end of year (000’s)
Liquidation value of preferred stock (000’s)
Portfolio turnover
Preferred Stock:
Total Shares Outstanding
Asset coverage per share of preferred shares, end of year
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
Financial highlights (continued)
For the year ended December 31,
|
|
2021
|
|
|
2020
|
|
|
2019
|
|
|
2018
|
|
|
2017
|
|
$
|
16.13
|
|
|
$
|
16.06
|
|
|
$
|
13.78
|
|
|
$
|
16.70
|
|
|
$
|
15.56
|
|
|
0.18
|
|
|
|
0.59
|
|
|
|
0.31
|
|
|
|
(0.18
|
)
|
|
|
0.44
|
|
|
4.06
|
|
|
|
0.84
|
|
|
|
3.13
|
|
|
|
(1.06
|
)
|
|
|
2.26
|
|
|
4.24
|
|
|
|
1.43
|
|
|
|
3.44
|
|
|
|
(1.24
|
)
|
|
|
2.70
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(0.05
|
)
|
|
|
(0.21
|
)
|
|
|
(0.05
|
)
|
|
|
(0.08
|
)
|
|
|
(0.10
|
)
|
|
(0.03
|
)
|
|
|
(0.02
|
)
|
|
|
(0.18
|
)
|
|
|
(0.15
|
)
|
|
|
(0.13
|
)
|
|
4.16
|
|
|
|
1.20
|
|
|
|
3.21
|
|
|
|
(1.47
|
)
|
|
|
2.47
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(0.23
|
)
|
|
|
(0.65
|
)
|
|
|
(0.20
|
)
|
|
|
(0.26
|
)
|
|
|
(0.33
|
)
|
|
(1.57
|
)
|
|
|
(0.48
|
)
|
|
|
(0.73
|
)
|
|
|
(1.15
|
)
|
|
|
(1.00
|
)
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
(0.04
|
)
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
(1.80
|
)
|
|
|
(1.13
|
)
|
|
|
(0.93
|
)
|
|
|
(1.45
|
)
|
|
|
(1.33
|
)
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
0.00
|
(5)
|
|
(1.94
|
)
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
$
|
16.55
|
|
|
$
|
16.13
|
|
|
$
|
16.06
|
|
|
$
|
13.78
|
|
|
$
|
16.70
|
|
$
|
15.45
|
|
|
$
|
14.08
|
|
|
$
|
14.73
|
|
|
$
|
11.84
|
|
|
$
|
14.88
|
|
|
14.09
|
%
|
|
|
9.24
|
%
|
|
|
23.72
|
%
|
|
|
-8.79
|
%
|
|
|
15.93
|
%
|
|
23.62
|
%
|
|
|
5.00
|
%
|
|
|
32.93
|
%
|
|
|
-10.55
|
%
|
|
|
18.71
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1.57
|
%
|
|
|
2.13
|
%
|
|
|
1.99
|
%
|
|
|
1.92
|
%
|
|
|
1.92
|
%
|
|
0.72
|
%
|
|
|
1.96
|
%
|
|
|
2.01
|
%
|
|
|
0.27
|
%
|
|
|
2.45
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
210,394
|
|
|
$
|
137,129
|
|
|
$
|
136,504
|
|
|
$
|
117,173
|
|
|
$
|
141,946
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
55,599
|
|
|
$
|
55,599
|
|
|
$
|
55,599
|
|
|
$
|
55,599
|
|
|
80
|
%
|
|
|
85
|
%
|
|
|
75
|
%
|
|
|
66
|
%
|
|
|
59
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
2,223,976
|
|
|
|
2,223,976
|
|
|
|
2,223,976
|
|
|
|
2,223,976
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
87
|
|
|
$
|
86
|
|
|
$
|
78
|
|
|
$
|
89
|
|
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
Financial highlights (continued)
(1)
|
Recognition of investment income by the Fund is affected by the timing and declaration of dividends by the underlying investment companies in which the Fund invests.
|
(2)
|
Total net asset value return is calculated assuming a $10,000 purchase of common stock at the current net asset value on the first day of each period reported and a sale at the current net asset value on the last
day of each period reported, and assuming reinvestment of dividends and other distributions at the net asset value on the ex-dividend date. Total investment return based on net asset value is hypothetical as investors can not purchase or sell
Fund shares at net asset value but only at market prices. Returns do not reflect the deduction of taxes that a shareholder could pay on Fund dividends and other distributions, if any, or the sale of Fund shares.
|
(3)
|
Total market price return is calculated assuming a $10,000 purchase of common stock at the current market price on the first day of each period reported and a sale at the current market price on the last day of each
period reported, and assuming reinvestment of dividends and other distributions to common shareholders at the lower of the NAV or the closing market price on the ex-dividend date. Total investment return does not reflect brokerage commissions
and has not been annualized for the period of less than one year. Returns do not reflect the deduction of taxes that a shareholder could pay on Fund dividends and other distributions, if any, or the sale of Fund shares.
|
(4)
|
Does not include expenses of the investment companies in which the Fund invests.
|
(5)
|
Less than 0.5 cents per share.
|
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
Notes to financial statements
Note 1
Organization and significant accounting policies
Special Opportunities Fund, Inc. (formerly, Insured Municipal Income Fund Inc.) (the “Fund”) was incorporated in Maryland on February 18, 1993, and is registered with the United States Securities and Exchange Commission
(“SEC”) under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, as a closed-end diversified management investment company. Effective December 21, 2009, the Fund changed its name to the Special Opportunities Fund, Inc. and changed its investment
objective to total return. There can be no assurance that the Fund’s investment objective will be achieved. The Fund’s previous investment objective was to achieve a high level of current income that was exempt from federal income tax, consistent
with the preservation of capital.
The Fund is an investment company and accordingly follows the investment company accounting and reporting guidance of the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) Accounting Standard Codification Topic 946 “Financial
Services—Investment Companies”.
In the normal course of business, the Fund may enter into contracts that contain a variety of representations or that provide indemnification for certain liabilities. The Fund’s maximum exposure under these arrangements is
unknown, as this would involve future claims that may be made against the Fund that have not yet occurred. However, the Fund has not had prior claims or losses pursuant to these contracts and expects the risk of loss to be remote.
The preparation of financial statements in accordance with Accounting Principles Generally Accepted in the United States of America requires the Fund’s management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported
amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Actual results could differ from those estimates. The following is a summary of significant accounting policies:
Valuation of investments—The Fund calculates its net asset value based on the current market value for its portfolio securities. The Fund obtains market values for its securities
from independent pricing sources and broker-dealers. Independent pricing sources may use last reported sale prices or if not available the most recent bid price, current market quotations or valuations from computerized “matrix” systems that derive
values based on comparable securities. A matrix system incorporates parameters such as security quality, maturity and coupon, and/or research and evaluations by its staff, including review of broker-dealer market price quotations, if available, in
determining the valuation of the portfolio securities. If a market value is not available from an independent pricing source or a broker-dealer for a particular security, that security is valued at fair value as determined in good faith by or under
the direction of the Fund’s Board of Directors (the “Board”). Various factors may be
Notes to financial statements
reviewed in order to make a good faith determination of a security’s fair value. The purchase price, or cost, of these securities is arrived at through an arms length transaction between a willing buyer and seller in the
secondary market and is indicative of the value on the secondary market. Current transactions in similar securities in the marketplace are evaluated. Factors for other securities may include, but are not limited to, the type and cost of the
security; contractual or legal restrictions on resale of the security; relevant financial or business developments of the issuer; actively traded similar or related securities; conversion or exchange rights on the security; related corporate actions;
and changes in overall market conditions. If events occur that materially affect the value of securities between the close of trading in those securities and the close of regular trading on the New York Stock Exchange, the securities may be fair
valued. U.S. and foreign debt securities including short-term debt instruments having a maturity of 60 days or less shall be valued in accordance with the price supplied by a Pricing Service using the evaluated bid price. Money market mutual funds,
demand notes and repurchase agreements are valued at cost. If cost does not represent current market value the securities will be priced at fair value as determined in good faith by or under the direction of the Fund’s Board.
The Fund has adopted fair valuation accounting standards that establish an authoritative definition of fair value and set out a hierarchy for measuring fair value. These standards require additional disclosures about the
various input and valuation techniques used in measuring fair value. Fair value inputs are summarized in the three broad levels listed below:
Level 1—
|
Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that the Fund has the ability to access.
|
|
|
Level 2—
|
Observable inputs other than quoted prices included in Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly. These inputs may include quoted prices for the identical instrument on
an inactive market, prices for similar instruments, interest rates, prepayment speeds, credit risk, yield curves, default rates and similar data.
|
|
|
Level 3—
|
Unobservable inputs for the asset or liability, to the extent relevant observable inputs are not available, representing the Fund’s own assumptions about the assumptions a market participant would use in valuing the
asset or liability, and would be based on the best information available.
|
The availability of observable inputs can vary from security to security and is affected by a wide variety of factors, including, for example, the type of security, whether the security is new and not yet established in the
marketplace, the liquidity of markets, and other characteristics particular to the security. To the
Notes to financial statements
extent that valuation is based on models or inputs that are less observable or unobservable in the market, the determination of fair value requires more judgment. Accordingly, the degree of judgment exercised in
determining fair value is greatest for instruments categorized in Level 3.
The inputs used to measure fair value may fall into different levels of the fair value hierarchy. In such cases, for disclosure purposes, the level in the fair value hierarchy within which the fair value measurement falls
in its entirety, is determined based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement in its entirety.
The significant unobservable inputs used in the fair value measurement of the Fund’s Level 3 investments are listed in the table on page 28. Significant changes in any of these inputs in isolation may result in a change in
fair value measurement.
In accordance with procedures established by the Fund’s Board of Directors, the Adviser shall initially value non-publicly-traded securities (for which a current market value is not readily available) at their acquisition
cost less related expenses, where identifiable, unless and until the Adviser determines that such value does not represent fair value.
The Adviser sends a memorandum to the Chairman of the Valuation Committee with respect to any non-publicly-traded positions that are valued using a method other than cost detailing the reason, factors considered, and impact
on the Fund’s NAV. If the Chairman determines that such fair valuation(s) require the involvement of the Valuation Committee, a special meeting of the Valuation Committee is called as soon as practicable to discuss such fair valuation(s). The
Valuation Committee of the Board consists of at least two non-interested Directors, as defined by the Investment Company Act of 1940.
In addition to special meetings, the Valuation Committee meets prior to each regular quarterly Board meeting. At each quarterly meeting, the Adviser delivers a written report (the “Quarterly Report”) regarding any
recommendations of fair valuation during the past quarter, including fair valuations which have not changed. The Valuation Committee reviews the Quarterly Report, discusses the valuation of the fair valued securities with appropriate levels of
representatives from the Adviser’s management, and, unless more information is required, approves the valuation of fair valued securities.
The Valuation Committee also reviews other interim reports as necessary.
Notes to financial statements
The following is a summary of the fair valuations according to the inputs used as of December 31, 2021 in valuing the Fund’s investments:
|
|
Quoted Prices in
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Active Markets
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
for Identical
|
|
|
Significant Other
|
|
|
Unobservable
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Investments
|
|
|
Observable Inputs
|
|
|
Inputs
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(Level 1)
|
|
|
(Level 2)
|
|
|
(Level 3)*
|
|
|
Total
|
|
Investment Companies
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Closed-End Funds
|
|
$
|
92,904,992
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
92,904,992
|
|
Business Development
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Companies
|
|
|
11,735,580
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
11,735,580
|
|
Trust Certificates
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
70,568
|
|
|
|
70,568
|
|
Preferred Stocks
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Capital Markets
|
|
|
735,000
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
735,000
|
|
Electrical Equipment
|
|
|
2,104,000
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
2,104,000
|
|
Entertainment
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
1,103,385
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
1,103,385
|
|
Internet & Direct
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Marketing Retail
|
|
|
1,060,000
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
1,060,000
|
|
Real Estate Investment Trusts
|
|
|
5,829,119
|
|
|
|
1,507,800
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
7,336,919
|
|
Other Common Stocks
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Food & Staples Retailing
|
|
|
1,043,358
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
1,043,358
|
|
Insurance
|
|
|
51,000
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
51,000
|
|
Oil, Gas & Consumable Fuels
|
|
|
3,371,949
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
3,371,949
|
|
Real Estate Investment Trusts
|
|
|
10,012,851
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
10,012,851
|
|
Real Estate Management
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
& Development
|
|
|
1,572,526
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
1,572,526
|
|
Software
|
|
|
183,000
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
183,000
|
|
Special Purpose
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Acquisition Vehicles
|
|
|
48,295,398
|
|
|
|
6,161,478
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
54,456,876
|
|
Corporate Obligations
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
3,631,998
|
|
|
|
3,631,998
|
|
Warrants
|
|
|
1,270,739
|
|
|
|
51,667
|
|
|
|
0
|
|
|
|
1,322,406
|
|
Rights
|
|
|
56,948
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
56,948
|
|
Money Market Funds
|
|
|
13,960,716
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
13,960,716
|
|
Total
|
|
$
|
194,187,176
|
|
|
$
|
8,824,330
|
|
|
$
|
3,702,566
|
|
|
$
|
206,714,072
|
|
*
|
The Fund measures Level 3 activity as of the beginning and end of each financial reporting period.
|
Notes to financial statements
The fair value of derivative instruments as reported within the Schedule of Investments as of December 31, 2021:
Derivatives not accounted
|
Statement of Assets &
|
|
for as hedging instruments
|
Liabilities Location
|
Value
|
Equity Contracts – Warrants
|
Investments, at value
|
$1,322,406
|
The effect of derivative instruments on the Statement of Operations for the year ended December 31, 2021:
|
Amount of Realized Gain on Derivatives Recognized in Income
|
Derivatives not accounted
|
Statement of
|
|
for as hedging instruments
|
Operations Location
|
Value
|
Equity Contracts – Warrants
|
Net Realized Gain
|
$2,185,112
|
|
on Investments
|
|
|
|
|
|
Change in Unrealized Depreciation on Derivatives Recognized in Income
|
Derivatives not accounted
|
Statement of
|
|
for as hedging instruments
|
Operations Location
|
Total
|
Equity Contracts – Warrants
|
Net change in unrealized
|
$(1,204,507)
|
|
depreciation of investments
|
|
The average monthly share amount of warrants during the period was 2,151,117. The average monthly market value of warrants during the period was $1,413,204.
Level 3 Reconciliation Disclosure
The following is a reconciliation of Level 3 assets for which significant unobservable inputs were used to determine fair value:
|
|
Trust
|
|
|
Corporate
|
|
|
|
|
Category
|
|
Certificates
|
|
|
Obligations
|
|
|
Warrants
|
|
Balance as of 12/31/2020
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
1,400,000
|
|
|
$
|
0
|
|
Acquisitions
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
151,045
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
Dispositions
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
Transfers into (out of) Level 3
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
Accretion/Amortization
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
(2,172
|
)
|
|
|
—
|
|
Corporate Actions
|
|
|
92,870
|
|
|
|
3,046,525
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
Realized Gain (Loss)
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
Change in unrealized appreciation (depreciation)
|
|
|
(22,302
|
)
|
|
|
(963,400
|
)
|
|
|
—
|
|
Balance as of 12/31/2021
|
|
$
|
70,568
|
|
|
$
|
3,631,998
|
|
|
$
|
0
|
|
Change in unrealized appreciation (depreciation)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
during the period for Level 3 investments
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
held at December 31, 2021
|
|
$
|
(22,302
|
)
|
|
$
|
(1,163,400
|
)
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
Notes to financial statements
The following table presents additional information about valuation methodologies and inputs used for investments that are measured at fair value and categorized within Level 3 as of December 31, 2021:
|
Fair Value
|
Valuation
|
Unobservable
|
|
Impact to valuation
|
Category
|
12/31/2021
|
Methodologies
|
Inputs
|
Range
|
from an increase to input
|
Trust
|
$ 70,568
|
Last Traded Price
|
Market
|
$0.2201
|
Significant changes in
|
Certificates
|
|
|
Assessments
|
|
market conditions could
|
|
|
|
|
|
result in direct and
|
|
|
|
|
|
proportional changes in the
|
|
|
|
|
|
fair value of the security
|
Corporate
|
3,631,998
|
Last Traded Price,
|
Terms of the
|
70.50-
|
Significant changes in
|
Obligations
|
|
Company-Specific
|
Note/ Financial
|
87.50
|
company’s financials,
|
|
|
Information
|
Assessments/
|
|
changes to the terms of the
|
|
|
|
Company
|
|
notes or changes to the
|
|
|
|
Announcements
|
|
general business conditions
|
|
|
|
|
|
impacting the company’s
|
|
|
|
|
|
business may result in
|
|
|
|
|
|
changes to the fair value of
|
|
|
|
|
|
the securities
|
Warrants
|
0
|
Last Traded Price
|
Market
|
0.00
|
Significant changes in
|
|
|
|
Assessments
|
|
market conditions could
|
|
|
|
|
|
result in direct and
|
|
|
|
|
|
proportional changes in the
|
|
|
|
|
|
fair value of the security
|
Note 2
Related party transactions
Bulldog Investors, LLP serves as the Fund’s Investment Adviser (the “Investment Adviser”) under the terms of the Investment Advisory Agreement effective October 10, 2009. Effective May 7, 2013 Brooklyn Capital Management,
LLC changed its name to Bulldog Investors, LLP. In accordance with the investment advisory agreement, the Fund is obligated to pay the Investment Adviser a monthly investment advisory fee at an annual rate of 1.00% of the Fund’s average weekly total
assets.
Effective January 1, 2020, the Fund pays each of its directors who is not a director, officer or employee of the Investment Adviser, the Administrator or any affiliate thereof an annual fee of $45,000, paid pro rata,
quarterly plus $5,000 for each special in-person meeting (or $500 if attended by telephone) of the board of directors and $500 for special committee meetings held in between regularly scheduled Board meetings. As additional annual compensation, the
Audit Committee Chairman and Valuation Committee Chairman receive $5,000, and the Corporate Governance Committee Chairman receive $3,000. Effective January 1, 2022, the Fund’s Chief Compliance Officer (“CCO”) receives annual
Notes to financial statements
compensation in the amount of $56,700. In addition, the Fund reimburses the directors and CCO for travel and out-of-pocket expenses incurred in connection with Board of Directors’ meetings and CCO due diligence
requirements.
U.S. Bank Global Fund Services (“Fund Services”), an indirect wholly-owned subsidiary of U.S. Bancorp, serves as the Fund’s Administrator (the “Administrator”) and, in that capacity, performs various administrative services
for the Fund. Fund Services also serves as the Fund’s Fund Accountant (the “Fund Accountant”). U.S. Bank, N.A. serves as the Fund’s custodian (the “Custodian”). The Custodian is an affiliate of the Administrator. The Administrator prepares
various federal and state regulatory filings, reports and returns for the Fund; prepares reports and materials to be supplied to the directors, monitors the activities of the Custodian and Fund Accountant; coordinates the preparation and payment of
the Fund’s expenses and reviews the Fund’s expense accruals. American Stock Transfer & Trust Company, LLC serves as the Fund’s Transfer Agent.
Note 3
Convertible Preferred Stock
During the year ended December 31, 2021 the Fund converted 2,163,053 shares or $54,076,325 of the Fund’s Convertible Preferred Stock into 4,211,996 shares of the Fund’s common stock. The remaining 60,923 of Convertible
Preferred Shares were redeemed at $25 per share for a total of $1,523,075. At December 31, 2021 there was no Convertible Preferred Shares outstanding. For further information see Note 9.
Note 4
Purchases and sales of securities
For the year ended December 31, 2021, aggregate purchases and sales of portfolio securities, excluding short-term securities, were $160,447,610 and $172,793,665, respectively. The Fund did not purchase or sell U.S.
government securities during the year ended December 31, 2021.
Note 5
Capital share transactions
During the year ended December 31, 2021 the Fund converted 2,163,053 shares of 3.50% Convertible Preferred Stock into 4,211,996 shares of Common Stock. For further information see Note 3.
During the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020, 2019 and 2018 there were no shares of common stock repurchased by the Fund.
During the year ended December 31, 2017, the Fund purchased 7,582 shares of its capital stock in the open market at a cost of $118,039. The weighted average discount of these purchases comparing the average purchase price
to net asset value at the close of the New York Stock Exchange was 10.44%.
Notes to financial statements
During the year ended December 31, 2016, the Fund purchased 362,902 shares of its capital stock in the open market at a cost of $4,661,968. The weighted average discount of these purchases comparing the average purchase
price to net asset value at the close of the New York Stock Exchange was 13.50%.
The Fund announced on September 21, 2016 that it was offering to purchase up to 1.15 million common shares of the Fund at 97% of the net asset value (NAV) per common share with the right to purchase up to an additional 2%
of the outstanding shares. The offer expired October 21, 2016 and because the number of shares tendered exceeded the amount offered to be purchased, the proration was 17.98%.
Note 6
Federal tax status
The Fund has elected to be taxed as a “regulated investment company” and intends to distribute substantially all taxable income to its shareholders and otherwise comply with the provisions of the Internal Revenue Code
applicable to regulated investment companies. Therefore, no provision for federal income taxes or excise taxes has been made.
In order to avoid imposition of the excise tax applicable to regulated investment companies, the Fund intends to declare each year as dividends in each calendar year at least 98.0% of its net investment income (earned
during the calendar year) and 98.2% of its net realized capital gains (earned during the twelve months ended October 31) plus undistributed amounts, if any, from prior years.
The tax character of distributions paid to shareholders during the fiscal years ended December 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020 were as follows:
|
|
For the
|
|
|
For the
|
|
|
|
year ended
|
|
|
year ended
|
|
Distributions paid to common shareholders from:
|
|
December 31, 2021
|
|
December 31, 2020
|
Ordinary income
|
|
$
|
12,420,427
|
|
|
$
|
5,545,452
|
|
Long-term capital gains
|
|
|
8,307,667
|
|
|
|
4,043,640
|
|
Total distributions paid
|
|
$
|
20,728,094
|
|
|
$
|
9,589,092
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
For the
|
|
|
For the
|
|
|
|
year ended
|
|
|
year ended
|
|
Distributions paid to preferred shareholders from:
|
|
December 31, 2021
|
|
December 31, 2020
|
Ordinary income
|
|
$
|
577,139
|
|
|
$
|
1,752,940
|
|
Long-term capital gains
|
|
|
285,623
|
|
|
|
193,039
|
|
Total distributions paid
|
|
$
|
862,762
|
|
|
$
|
1,945,979
|
|
The Fund designated as long-term capital gain dividends, pursuant to Internal Revenue Code Section 852(b)(3), the amount necessary to reduce the earnings and profits for the Fund related to net capital gains to zero for the
year ended December 31, 2021.
Notes to financial statements
The following information is presented on an income tax basis as of December 31, 2021:
Tax cost of investments
|
|
$
|
189,563,403
|
|
Unrealized appreciation
|
|
|
25,078,003
|
|
Unrealized depreciation
|
|
|
(7,927,334
|
)
|
Net unrealized appreciation
|
|
|
17,150,669
|
|
Undistributed ordinary income
|
|
|
—
|
|
Undistributed long-term gains
|
|
|
10,399,954
|
|
Total distributable earnings
|
|
|
10,399,954
|
|
Other accumulated/gains losses and other temporary differences
|
|
|
—
|
|
Total accumulated gains
|
|
$
|
27,550,623
|
|
There were no reclassifications made between total distributable earnings and paid-in capital.
Net capital losses incurred after October 31, and within the taxable year are deemed to arise on the first business day of the Fund’s next taxable year. At December 31, 2021, the Fund had no post October losses.
At December 31, 2021, the Fund did not have capital loss carryforwards.
The Fund recognizes the tax benefits of uncertain tax positions only where the position is “more likely than not” to be sustained assuming examination by tax authorities. Management has analyzed the Fund’s tax positions,
and has concluded that no liability for unrecognized tax benefits should be recorded related to uncertain tax positions taken on returns filed for open tax years (2018-2020), or expected to be taken in the Fund’s 2020 tax returns. The Fund identifies
its major tax jurisdictions as U.S. Federal and the State of Maryland; however the Fund is not aware of any tax positions for which it is reasonably possible that the total amounts of unrecognized tax benefits will change materially in the next
twelve months.
Note 7
Recent Market Events
U.S. and international markets have experienced volatility in recent months and years due to a number of economic, political and global macro factors, including the impact of the coronavirus (COVID-19) global pandemic,
which resulted in a public health crisis, business interruptions, growth concerns in the U.S. and overseas, travel restrictions, changed social behaviors, rising inflation and reduced consumer spending. While several countries, including the U.S.,
have begun to lift public health restrictions in efforts to reopen their respective economies, the outbreak of the new variants has led to the renewal of health mandates by local governments and businesses, reduced hiring efforts by employers, event
Notes to financial statements
cancellations and additional travel restrictions, supply chain shortages, cessation of return-to-office plans and an overall economic slowdown. While U.S. and global economies are recovering from the effects of COVID-19,
the recovery is proceeding at slower than expected rates and may last for a prolonged period of time. Uncertainties regarding inflation, interest rates, political events, rising government debt in the U.S. and trade tensions have also contributed to
market volatility. Global economies and financial markets are increasingly interconnected, which increases the possibility that conditions in one country or region might adversely impact issuers in a different country or region. In particular, a rise
in protectionist trade policies, slowing global economic growth, risks associated with epidemic and pandemic diseases, risks associated with the United Kingdom’s departure from the European Union, the risk of trade disputes, and the possibility of
changes to some international trade agreements, could affect the economies of many nations, including the United States, in ways that cannot necessarily be foreseen at the present time. Continuing market volatility as a result of recent market
conditions or other events may have adverse effects on your account.
Note 8
Additional information
Notice is hereby given in accordance with Section 23(c) of the Investment Company Act of 1940 that the Fund may purchase, from time to time, shares of its common stock in the open market.
Fund directors and officers and advisory persons to the Fund, including insiders and employees of the Fund and of the Fund’s investment adviser, may purchase or sell Fund securities from time to time, subject to the
restrictions set forth in the Fund’s Code of Ethics, as amended, a copy of which is available on the Fund’s website. Please see the corporate governance section of the Fund’s website at www.specialopportunitiesfundinc.com.
The Fund may seek proxy voting instructions from shareholders regarding certain underlying closed-end funds held by the Fund. Please see the proxy voting instructions section on the Fund’s website at www.specialopportunitiesfundinc.com
for further information.
Note 9
Subsequent events
On January 24, 2022 the Fund completed its Convertible Preferred Rights offering. As a result of this offering the Fund raised $58,373,850 and issued 2,334,954 shares of 2.75% Convertible Preferred Stock.
On February 22, 2022, the Board of Directors of the Fund authorized a tender offer to purchase up to 1.25 million common shares of the Fund at 97% of the NAV per common share as determined at the close of the regular
trading session
Notes to financial statements
of the New York Stock Exchange on the Expiration Date of the offering. In accordance with the rules of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, the Fund may purchase additional shares not to exceed 2% of the outstanding
shares without amending or extending the tender offer. The tender offer will commence as soon as practicable.
In preparing these financial statements, management has evaluated events and transactions for potential recognition or disclosure resulting from subsequent events through the date the financial statements were available to
be issued. Management has determined that there were no other subsequent events that would need to be disclosed in the Fund’s financial statements.
Report of independent registered public accounting firm
To the Board of Directors and Shareholders of Special Opportunities Fund, Inc.
Opinion on the Financial Statements
We have audited the accompanying statement of assets and liabilities of Special Opportunities Fund, Inc., including the portfolio of investments, as of December 31, 2021, the related statement of operations and cash flows
for the year then ended, the statements of changes in net assets for each of the two years in the period then ended, and financial highlights for each of the five years in the period then ended, and the related notes (collectively referred to as the
“financial statements”). In our opinion, the financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Special Opportunities Fund, Inc. as of December 31, 2021, the results of its operations and cash flows for the year
then ended, the changes in its net assets for each of the two years in the period then ended, and the financial highlights for each of the five years in the period then ended, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United
States of America.
Basis for Opinion
These financial statements are the responsibility of the Fund’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Fund’s financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered
with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (“PCAOB”) and are required to be independent with respect to the Fund in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities
and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB. We have served as the Fund’s auditor since 2009.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material
misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. The Fund is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal control over financial reporting. As part of our audits we are required to obtain an understanding of internal
control over financial reporting, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Fund’s internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion.
Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures
included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating
the overall presentation of the financial statements. Our procedures included confirmation of securities owned as of December 31, 2021 by correspondence with the custodian and brokers. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our
opinion.
TAIT, WELLER & BAKER LLP
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
March 1, 2022
Investment objectives and policies, principal risk factors
Fund Investment Objective and Policies
The Fund investment objective is total return. The investment objective is not fundamental and may be changed by the Board with 60 days’ notice to stockholders. To achieve the objective, the Fund invests primarily in
securities the Adviser believes have opportunities for appreciation. The Fund may employ strategies designed to capture price movements generated by anticipated corporate events such as investing in companies involved in special situations,
including, but not limited to, mergers, acquisitions, asset sales, spin-offs, balance sheet restructuring, bankruptcy, liquidations and tender offers. In addition, the Fund may employ strategies designed to invest in the debt, equity, or trade
claims of companies in financial distress when the Advisor perceives a mispricing. Furthermore, the Fund may invest both long and short in related securities or other instruments in an effort to take advantage of perceived discrepancies in the
market prices for such securities, including long and short positions in securities involved in an announced merger or acquisition. Securities which the Adviser identifies include closed-end investment companies with opportunities for appreciation,
including funds that trade at a market price discount from their NAV. In addition to the foregoing, the Adviser seeks out other opportunities in the market that have attractive risk reward characteristics for the Fund.
The Fund intends its investment portfolio, under normal market conditions, to consist principally of investments in other closed-end investment companies and the securities of large, mid and small-capitalization companies,
including potentially direct and indirect investments in the securities of foreign companies. Equity securities in which the Fund may invest include common and preferred stocks, convertible securities, warrants and other securities having the
characteristics of common stocks, such as ADRs and IDRs, other closed-end investment companies and exchange-traded funds. The Fund may, however, invest a portion of its assets in debt securities or other investment opportunities when the Adviser
believes that it is appropriate to do so to earn current income. For example, when interest rates are high in comparison to anticipated returns on equity investments, the Fund’s investment adviser may determine to invest in debt or preferred
securities including bank, corporate or government bonds, notes, and debentures that the Adviser determines are suitable investments for the Fund. Such determination may be made regardless of the maturity, duration or rating of any such debt
security.
The Fund may, from time to time, engage in short sales of securities for investment or for hedging purposes. Short sales are transactions in which the Fund sells a security it does not own. To complete the transaction,
the Fund must borrow the security to make delivery to the buyer. The Fund is then obligated to replace the security borrowed by purchasing the security at the market price at the time of replacement. The Fund may sell short individual stocks,
baskets of
Investment objectives and policies, principal risk factors
individual stocks and ETFs that the Fund expects to underperform other stocks which the Fund holds. For hedging purposes, the Fund may purchase or sell short future contracts on global equity indexes.
The Fund may invest, without limitation, in the securities of closed-end funds, provided that, in accordance with Section 12(d)(1)(F) of the 1940 Act, the Fund will limit any such investment to no more than 3% of the voting
stock of such fund and will vote such shares as provided in such Section as set forth below.
To comply with provisions of the 1940 Act, on any matter upon which stockholders of a closed-end investment company in which the Fund has invested may vote, the Adviser will direct such shares to be voted in the same
proportion as shares held by all other stockholders of such closed-end investment company (i.e., “mirror vote”) or seek instructions from the Fund’s stockholders with regard to the voting on such matter. If the Adviser deems it appropriate to seek
instructions from Fund stockholders, the Adviser will vote such proxies proportionally based upon the total number of shares owned by those shareholders that provide instructions. Fund stockholders are informed of such proxy votes on the Fund’s
website and by email, if so requested, and they may provide proxy voting instructions by email. In a letter dated August 11, 2020 discussing the results of its 2018 compliance examination, the staff of the New York regional office of the SEC’s
Office of Compliance Inspections and Examinations opined that, in connection with its prior proxy voting policy, pursuant to which the Fund voted its shares of closed-end funds as determined by a plurality of proxy voting instructions received, the
Fund “does not in certain cases meet the requirements of the exception set forth in Section 12(d)(1)(E)(iii) of the 1940 Act because in connection with seeking instructions from Fund shareholders with regard to voting certain proxies on behalf of the
Fund, the Fund votes such proxies as determined by a majority of the shares owned by those Fund shareholders who provide proxy voting instructions.” In response thereto, the Fund has amended its proxy voting policy to provide that the Fund will vote
such proxies proportionally based upon the total number of shares owned by those shareholders that provide instructions.
The ETFs and other closed-end investment companies in which the Fund invests may invest in common stocks and may invest in fixed income securities. As a stockholder in any investment company, the Fund will bear its ratable
share of the investment company’s expenses and would remain subject to payment of the Fund’s advisory and administrative fees with respect to the assets so invested.
The Fund’s management utilizes a balanced approach, including “value” and “growth” investing by seeking out companies at reasonable prices, without regard to sector or industry, which demonstrate favorable long-term growth
characteristics. Valuation and growth characteristics may be considered for purposes of selecting potential investment securities. In general, valuation analysis is used to determine the inherent value of the company by analyzing
Investment objectives and policies, principal risk factors
financial information such as a company’s price to book, price to sales, return on equity, and return on assets ratios; and growth analysis is used to determine a company’s potential for long-term dividends and earnings
growth due to market-oriented factors such as growing market share, the launch of new products or services, the strength of its management and market demand. Fluctuations in these characteristics may trigger trading decisions to be made by the
Fund’s investment adviser with respect to the Fund’s portfolio.
Generally, securities will be purchased or sold by the Fund on national securities exchanges and in the over-the-counter market. From time to time, securities may be purchased or sold in private transactions, including
securities that are not publicly traded or that are otherwise illiquid.
The Fund may, from time to time, take temporary defensive positions that are inconsistent with the Fund’s principal investment strategies in attempting to respond to adverse market, economic, political or other conditions.
During such times, the Fund may temporarily invest up to 100% of its assets in cash or cash equivalents, including money market instruments, prime commercial paper, repurchase agreements, Treasury bills and other short-term obligations of the U.S.
Government, its agencies or instrumentalities. In these and in other cases, the Fund may not achieve its investment objective.
The Fund’s investment adviser may invest the Fund’s cash balances in any investments it deems appropriate, subject to the restrictions set forth in below under “Fundamental Investment Restrictions” and as permitted under
the 1940 Act, including investments in repurchase agreements, money market funds, additional repurchase agreements, U.S. Treasury and U.S. agency securities, municipal bonds and bank accounts. Any income earned from such investments will ordinarily
be reinvested by the Fund in accordance with its investment program. Many of the considerations entering into the Fund’s investment adviser’s recommendations and the portfolio manager’s decisions are subjective.
Fundamental Investment Restrictions
The following fundamental investment limitations cannot be changed without the affirmative vote of the lesser of (a) more than 50% of the outstanding shares of the Fund or (b) 67% or more of such shares present at a
stockholders’ meeting if more than 50% of the outstanding shares are represented at the meeting in person or by proxy. If a percentage restriction is adhered to at the time of an investment or transaction, a later increase or decrease in percentage
resulting from a change in values of portfolio securities or the amount of total assets will not be considered a violation of any of the following limitations or of any of the Fund’s investment policies. The Fund may not:
(1) issue senior securities (including borrowing money from banks and other entities and thorough reverse repurchase agreements), except (a) the Fund may
Investment objectives and policies, principal risk factors
borrow in an amount not in excess of 33 1/3% of total assets (including the amount of senior securities issued, but reduced by any liabilities and indebtedness not constituting senior securities), (b) the Fund may issue
preferred stock having a liquidation preference in an amount which, combined with the amount of any liabilities or indebtedness constituting senior securities, is not in excess of 50% of its total assets (computed as provided in clause (a) above) and
(c) the Fund may borrow up to an additional 5% of its total assets (not including the amount borrowed) for temporary or emergency purposes;
The following interpretation applies to, but is not a part of, fundamental limitation:
(1) each state (including the District of Columbia and Puerto Rico), territory and possession of the United States, each political subdivision, agency, instrumentality and authority thereof, and each multi-state agency of
which a state is a member is a separate “issuer.” When the assets and revenues of an agency authority, instrumentality or other political subdivision are separate from the government creating the subdivision and the security is backed only by the
assets and revenues of the subdivision, such subdivision would be deemed to be the sole issuer. Similarly, in the case of an Industrial Development Bond or Private Activity Bond, if that bond is backed only by the assets and revenues of the
non-governmental user, then that non-governmental user would be deemed to be the sole issuer. However, if the creating government or another entity guarantees a security, then to the extent that the value of all securities issued or guaranteed by
that government or entity and owned by the Fund exceeds 10% of the Fund’s total assets, the guarantee would be considered a separate security and would be treated as issued by that government or entity. This restriction does not limit the percentage
of the Fund’s assets that may be invested in Municipal Obligations insured by any given insurer.
(2) purchase any security if, as a result of that purchase, 25% or more of the Fund’s total assets would be invested in securities of issuers having their principal business activities in the same industry, except that
this limitation does not apply to securities issued or guaranteed by the U.S. government, its agencies or instrumentalities or to municipal securities.
(3) make loans, except through loans of portfolio securities or through repurchase agreements, provided that for purposes of this restriction, the acquisition of bonds, debentures, other debt securities or instruments, or
participations or other interests therein and investment in government obligations, commercial paper, certificates of deposit, bankers’ acceptances or similar instruments will not be considered the making of a loan.
(4) engage in the business of underwriting securities of other issuers, except to the extent that the Fund might be considered an underwriter under the federal securities laws in connection with its disposition of
portfolio securities.
Investment objectives and policies, principal risk factors
(5) purchase or sell real estate, except that investments in securities of issuers that invest in real estate and investments in mortgage-backed securities, mortgage participations or other instruments supported by
interests in real estate are not subject to this limitation, and except that the Fund may exercise rights under agreements relating to such securities, including the right to enforce security interests and to hold real estate acquired by reason of
such enforcement until that real estate can be liquidated in an orderly manner.
(6) purchase or sell physical commodities unless acquired as a result of owning securities or other instruments, but the Fund may purchase, sell or enter into financial options and futures, forward and spot currency
contracts, swap transactions and other financial contracts or derivative instruments.
The Fund has no intention to file a voluntary application for relief under federal bankruptcy law or any similar application under state law for so long as the Fund is solvent and does not foresee becoming insolvent.
Principal Risks Factors Related to The Fund’s Investments
Other Closed-End Investment Company Securities: The Fund invests in the securities of other closed-end investment companies. Investing in other closed-end
investment companies involves substantially the same risks as investing directly in the underlying instruments, but the total return on such investments at the investment company level may be reduced by the operating expenses and fees of such other
closed-end investment companies, including advisory fees. There can be no assurance that the investment objective of any investment company in which the Fund invests will be achieved. Closed-end investment companies are subject to the risks of
investing in the underlying securities. The Fund, as a holder of the securities of another closed-end investment company, will bear its pro rata portion of the closed-end investment company’s expenses, including advisory fees. These expenses are in
addition to the direct expenses of the Fund’s own operations. To the extent the Fund invests a portion of its assets in investment company securities, those assets will be subject to the risks of the purchased investment company’s portfolio
securities, and a stockholder in the Fund will bear not only his proportionate share of the expenses of the Fund, but also, indirectly, the expenses of the purchased investment company. The market price of a closed-end investment company fluctuates
and may be either higher or lower than the NAV of such closed-end investment company.
In accordance with Section 12(d)(1)(F) of the 1940 Act, the Fund will be limited by provisions of the 1940 Act that limit the amount the Fund, together with its affiliated persons, can invest in other investment companies
to 3% of any other investment company’s total outstanding stock. As a result, the Fund may hold a smaller position in a closed-end investment company than if it were not subject to this restriction.
Investment objectives and policies, principal risk factors
Special Purpose Acquisition Companies. The Fund may invest in units, stock, warrants, and other securities of special purpose acquisition companies or similar
special purpose entities that pool funds to seek potential acquisition opportunities (“SPACs”). Unless and until an acquisition meeting the SPAC’s requirements is completed, a SPAC generally deposits substantially all of the cash raised in its IPO
(less a specified amount to cover operating expenses) in a bank trust account which is generally invested in U.S. Government securities, money market securities and cash. If an acquisition that meets the requirements for the SPAC is not completed
within a pre-established period of time, the invested funds are returned to the entity’s shareholders. In addition, just prior to completion of an acquisition, shareholders of the SPAC can redeem their shares for a pro rata share of the value of the
trust account. Because SPACs have no operating history or ongoing business other than seeking acquisitions, the value of their securities can vary on the perceived likelihood of management to identify and complete a profitable acquisition. In
addition, such securities are subject to secondary market risk and may decline in value if sold prior to deal completion or trust liquidation. However, until a SPAC is liquidated or completes an acquisition, its common stock is unlikely to fall
substantially below the per share value of the trust account. If an acquisition is completed, the former SPAC’s shares and other securities will take on the same risks as an equivalent investment in the acquired company. Some SPACs may pursue
acquisitions only within certain industries or regions, which may increase the volatility of their prices.
Short sales. The Fund is authorized to make short sales. The Fund effects a short sale by borrowing and selling a security it does not own in anticipation of a
decline in the value of the security or to hedge against the decline of a security the Fund owns. Short sales carry risks of loss if the price of the security sold short increases after the short sale. As collateral for its short positions, the Fund
is required under the 1940 Act to maintain segregated assets consisting of cash, cash equivalents, or liquid securities. The amount of segregated assets is required to be adjusted daily to the extent additional collateral is required based on the
change in fair value of the securities sold short.
Common Stocks. The Fund invests in common stocks. Common stocks represent an ownership interest in a company. The Fund may also invest in securities that can be
exercised for or converted into common stocks (such as convertible preferred stock). Common stocks and similar equity securities are more volatile and riskier than some other forms of investment. Therefore, the value of your investment in the Fund
may sometimes decrease instead of increase. Common stock prices fluctuate for many reasons, including adverse events such as unfavorable earnings reports, changes in investors’ perceptions of the financial condition of an issuer, the general
condition of the relevant stock market or when political or economic events affecting the issuers occur. In addition, common stock prices may be sensitive to rising interest rates, as the costs of capital rise and borrowing costs increase for
issuers. Because convertible securities can be
Investment objectives and policies, principal risk factors
converted into equity securities, their values will normally increase or decrease as the values of the underlying equity securities increase or decrease. The common stocks in which the Fund invests are structurally
subordinated to preferred securities, bonds and other debt instruments in a company’s capital structure in terms of priority to corporate income and assets and, therefore, will be subject to greater risk than the preferred securities or debt
instruments of such issuers.
Exchange Traded Funds. The Fund may invest in exchange-traded funds, which are investment companies that, in general, aim to track or replicate a desired index,
such as a sector, market or global segment. ETFs are passively or, to a lesser extent, actively managed and their shares are traded on a national exchange. ETFs do not sell individual shares directly to investors and only issue their shares in
large blocks known as “creation units.” The investor purchasing a creation unit may sell the individual shares on a secondary market. Therefore, the liquidity of ETFs depends on the adequacy of the secondary market. There can be no assurance that
an ETF’s investment objective will be achieved, as ETFs based on an index may not replicate and maintain exactly the composition and relative weightings of securities in the index. ETFs are subject to the risks of investing in the underlying
securities. The Fund, as a holder of the securities of the ETF, will bear its pro rata portion of the ETF’s expenses, including advisory fees. These expenses are in addition to the direct expenses of the Fund’s own operations.
Fixed Income Securities, including Non-Investment Grade Securities. The Fund may invest in fixed income securities, also referred to as debt securities. Fixed
income securities are subject to credit risk and market risk. Credit risk is the risk of the issuer’s inability to meet its principal and interest payment obligations. Market risk is the risk of price volatility due to such factors as interest rate
sensitivity, market perception of the creditworthiness of the issuer and general market liquidity. There is no limitation on the maturities or duration of fixed income securities in which the Fund invests. Securities having longer maturities
generally involve greater risk of fluctuations in value resulting from changes in interest rates. The Fund’s credit quality policy with respect to investments in fixed income securities does not require the Fund to dispose of any debt securities
owned in the event that such security’s rating declines to below investment grade, commonly referred to as “junk bonds.” Although lower quality debt typically pays a higher yield, such investments involve substantial risk of loss. Junk bonds are
considered predominantly speculative with respect to the issuer’s ability to pay interest and principal and are susceptible to default or decline in market value due to adverse economic and business developments. The market values for junk bonds
tend to be very volatile and those securities are less liquid than investment grade debt securities. Moreover, junk bonds pose a greater risk that exercise of any of their redemption or call provisions in a declining market may result in their
replacement by lower-yielding bonds. In addition, bonds in the lowest two investment grade categories, despite being of higher credit rating than junk bonds, have speculative characteristics with respect to the issuer’s ability to pay interest and
principal and their susceptibility to default or decline in market value.
Investment objectives and policies, principal risk factors
Corporate Bonds, Government Debt Securities and Other Debt Securities: The Fund may invest in corporate bonds, debentures and other debt securities. Debt
securities in which the Fund may invest may pay fixed or variable rates of interest. Bonds and other debt securities generally are issued by corporations and other issuers to borrow money from investors. The issuer pays the investor a fixed or
variable rate of interest and normally must repay the amount borrowed on or before maturity. Certain debt securities are “perpetual” in that they have no maturity date.
The Fund may invest in government debt securities, including those of emerging market issuers or of other non-U.S. issuers. These securities may be U.S. dollar-denominated or non-U.S. dollar-denominated and include: (a)
debt obligations issued or guaranteed by foreign national, provincial, state, municipal or other governments with taxing authority or by their agencies or instrumentalities; and (b) debt obligations of supranational entities. Government debt
securities include: debt securities issued or guaranteed by governments, government agencies or instrumentalities and political subdivisions; debt securities issued by government owned, controlled or sponsored entities; interests in entities
organized and operated for the purpose of restructuring the investment characteristics issued by the above noted issuers; or debt securities issued by supranational entities such as the World Bank or the European Union. The Fund may also invest in
securities denominated in currencies of emerging market countries. Emerging market debt securities generally are rated in the lower rating categories of recognized credit rating agencies or are unrated and considered to be of comparable quality to
lower rated debt securities. A non-U.S. issuer of debt or the non-U.S. governmental authorities that control the repayment of the debt may be unable or unwilling to repay principal or interest when due, and the Fund may have limited resources in the
event of a default. Some of these risks do not apply to issuers in large, more developed countries. These risks are more pronounced in investments in issuers in emerging markets or if the Fund invests significantly in one country.
Short Sale Risk: When a cash dividend is declared on a security in which the Fund holds a short position, the Fund incurs the obligation to pay an amount equal to
that dividend to the lender of the shorted security.
Depending on arrangements made with the broker-dealer from which it borrowed the security regarding payment over of any payments received by the Fund on such security, the Fund may not receive any payments (including
interest) on its collateral deposited with such broker-dealer.
Although the Fund’s gain is limited to the price at which it sold the security short, its potential loss is unlimited.
Investment objectives and policies, principal risk factors
Purchasing securities to close out the short position can itself cause the price of the securities to rise further, thereby exacerbating a possible loss. Short selling exposes the Fund to unlimited risk with respect to
that security due to the lack of an upper limit on the price to which an instrument can rise.
The requirements of the 1940 Act and Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”) provide that the Fund not make a short sale if, after giving effect to such sale, the market value of all securities sold short by
the Fund exceeds 30% of the value of its managed assets.
Small and Medium Cap Company Risk: Compared to investment companies that focus only on large capitalization companies, the Fund’s share price may be more volatile
because it also invests in small and medium capitalization companies. Compared to large companies, small and medium capitalization companies are more likely to have (i) more limited product lines or markets and less mature businesses, (ii) fewer
capital resources, (iii) more limited management depth and (iv) shorter operating histories. Further, compared to large cap stocks, the securities of small and medium capitalization companies are more likely to experience sharper swings in market
values, be harder to sell at times and at prices that the Fund’s investment adviser believes appropriate, and offer greater potential for gains and losses.
Foreign Securities: The Fund may invest in foreign securities, including direct investments in securities of foreign issuers that are traded on a U.S. securities
exchange or over the counter and investments in depository receipts (such as American Depositary Receipts (“ADRs”)), ETFs and other closed-end investment companies that represent indirect interests in securities of foreign issuers. The Fund is not
limited in the amount of assets it may invest in such foreign securities. These investments involve certain risks not generally associated with investments in the securities of U.S. issuers, including the risk of fluctuations in foreign currency
exchange rates, unreliable and untimely information about the issuers and political and economic instability. These risks could result in the Fund’s investment adviser misjudging the value of certain securities or in a significant loss in the value
of those securities.
The value of foreign securities is affected by changes in currency rates, foreign tax laws (including withholding and confiscatory taxes), government policies (in this country or abroad), relations between nations and
trading, settlement, custodial and other operational risks. In addition, the costs of investing abroad are generally higher than in the United States, and foreign securities markets may be less liquid, more volatile and less subject to governmental
supervision than markets in the U.S. As an alternative to holding foreign traded securities, the Fund may invest in dollar-denominated securities of foreign companies that trade
Investment objectives and policies, principal risk factors
on U.S. exchanges or in the U.S. over-the-counter market (including depositary receipts as described below, which evidence ownership in underlying foreign securities, and ETFs as described above).
Because foreign companies are not subject to uniform accounting, auditing and financial reporting standards, practices and requirements comparable to those applicable to U.S. companies, there may be less publicly available
information about a foreign company than about a domestic company. Volume and liquidity in most foreign debt markets is less than in the United States and securities of some foreign companies are less liquid and more volatile than securities of
comparable U.S. companies. There is generally less government supervision and regulation of securities exchanges, broker dealers and listed companies than in the United States. Mail service between the United States and foreign countries may be
slower or less reliable than within the United States, thus increasing the risk of delayed settlements of portfolio transactions or loss of certificates for portfolio securities. Payment for securities before delivery may be required. In addition,
with respect to certain foreign countries, including those with emerging markets, there is the possibility of expropriation or confiscatory taxation, political or social instability, or diplomatic developments which could affect investments in those
countries. For example, prior governmental approval for foreign investments may be required in some emerging market countries, and the extent of foreign investment may be subject to limitation in other emerging countries. Moreover, individual
foreign economies may differ favorably or unfavorably from the U.S. economy in such respects as growth of gross national product, rate of inflation, capital reinvestment, resource self-sufficiency and balance of payments position. Foreign securities
markets, while growing in volume and sophistication, are generally not as developed as those in the United States, and securities of some foreign issuers (particularly those located in developing countries) may be less liquid and more volatile than
securities of comparable U.S. companies.
The Fund may purchase ADRs, international depositary receipts (“IDRs”) and global depository receipts (“GDRs”) which are certificates evidencing ownership of shares of foreign issuers and are alternatives to purchasing
directly the underlying foreign securities in their national markets and currencies. However, such depository receipts continue to be subject to many of the risks associated with investing directly in foreign securities. These risks include foreign
exchange risk as well as the political and economic risks associated with the underlying issuer’s country. ADRs, EDRs and GDRs may be sponsored or unsponsored. Unsponsored receipts are established without the participation of the issuer.
Unsponsored receipts may involve higher expenses, they may not pass-through voting or other stockholder rights, and they may be less liquid. Less information is normally available on unsponsored receipts.
Investment objectives and policies, principal risk factors
Dividends paid on foreign securities may not qualify for the reduced federal income tax rates applicable to qualified dividends under the Code. As a result, there can be no assurance as to what portion of the Fund’s
distributions attributable to foreign securities will be designated as qualified dividend income.
Emerging Market Securities: The Fund may invest up to 5% of its net assets in emerging market securities, although through its investments in ETFs, other
investment companies or depository receipts that invest in emerging market securities, up to 20% of the Fund’s assets may be invested indirectly in issuers located in emerging markets. The risks of foreign investments described above apply to an
even greater extent to investments in emerging markets. The securities markets of emerging countries are generally smaller, less developed, less liquid, and more volatile than the securities markets of the United States and developed foreign
markets. Disclosure and regulatory standards in many respects are less stringent than in the United States and developed foreign markets. There also may be a lower level of monitoring and regulation of securities markets in emerging market
countries and the activities of investors in such markets and enforcement of existing regulations has been extremely limited. Many emerging countries have experienced substantial, and in some periods extremely high, rates of inflation for many
years. Inflation and rapid fluctuations in inflation rates have had and may continue to have very negative effects on the economies and securities markets of certain emerging countries. Economies in emerging markets generally are heavily dependent
upon international trade and, accordingly, have been and may continue to be affected adversely by trade barriers, exchange controls, managed adjustments in relative currency values, and other protectionist measures imposed or negotiated by the
countries with which they trade. The economies of these countries also have been and may continue to be adversely affected by economic conditions in the countries in which they trade. The economies of countries with emerging markets may also be
predominantly based on only a few industries or dependent on revenues from particular commodities. In addition, custodial services and other costs relating to investment in foreign markets may be more expensive in emerging markets than in many
developed foreign markets, which could reduce the Fund’s income from such securities. In many cases, governments of emerging countries continue to exercise significant control over their economies, and government actions relative to the economy, as
well as economic developments generally, may affect the Fund’s investments in those countries. In addition, there is a heightened possibility of expropriation or confiscatory taxation, imposition of withholding taxes on interest payments, or other
similar developments that could affect investments in those countries. There can be no assurance that adverse political changes will not cause the Fund to suffer a loss of any or all of its investments. Dividends paid by issuers in emerging market
countries will generally not qualify for the reduced federal income tax rates applicable to qualified dividends under the Code.
Investment objectives and policies, principal risk factors
Preferred Stocks: The Fund may invest in preferred stocks. Preferred stock, like common stock, represents an equity ownership in an issuer. Generally, preferred
stock has a priority of claim over common stock in dividend payments and upon liquidation of the issuer. Unlike common stock, preferred stock does not usually have voting rights. Preferred stock in some instances is convertible into common stock.
Although they are equity securities, preferred stocks have characteristics of both debt and common stock. Like debt, their promised income is contractually fixed. Like common stock, they do not have rights to precipitate bankruptcy proceedings or
collection activities in the event of missed payments. Other equity characteristics are their subordinated position in an issuer’s capital structure and that their quality and value are heavily dependent on the profitability of the issuer rather
than on any legal claims to specific assets or cash flows.
Investment in preferred stocks carries risks, including credit risk, deferral risk, redemption risk, limited voting rights, risk of subordination and lack of liquidity. Fully taxable or hybrid preferred securities
typically contain provisions that allow an issuer, at its discretion, to defer distributions for up to 20 consecutive quarters. Distributions on preferred stock must be declared by the board of directors and may be subject to deferral, and thus they
may not be automatically payable. Income payments on preferred stocks may be cumulative, causing dividends and distributions to accrue even if not declared by the company’s board or otherwise made payable, or they may be non-cumulative, so that
skipped dividends and distributions do not continue to accrue. There is no assurance that dividends on preferred stocks in which the Fund invests will be declared or otherwise made payable. The Fund may invest in non-cumulative preferred stock,
although the Fund’s investment adviser would consider, among other factors, their non-cumulative nature in making any decision to purchase or sell such securities.
Shares of preferred stock have a liquidation value that generally equals the original purchase price at the date of issuance. The market values of preferred stock may be affected by favorable and unfavorable changes
impacting the issuers’ industries or sectors, including companies in the utilities and financial services sectors, which are prominent issuers of preferred stock. They may also be affected by actual and anticipated changes or ambiguities in the tax
status of the security and by actual and anticipated changes or ambiguities in tax laws, such as changes in corporate and individual income tax rates, and in the dividends received deduction for corporate taxpayers or the lower rates applicable to
certain dividends.
Because the claim on an issuer’s earnings represented by preferred stock may become onerous when interest rates fall below the rate payable on the stock or for other reasons, the issuer may redeem preferred stock, generally
after an initial period of call protection in which the stock is not redeemable. Thus, in declining interest rate environments in particular, the Fund’s holdings of higher dividend
Investment objectives and policies, principal risk factors
paying preferred stocks may be reduced and the Fund may be unable to acquire securities paying comparable rates with the redemption proceeds. In the event of a redemption, the Fund may not be able to reinvest the proceeds
at comparable rates of return.
Convertible Securities. The Fund may invest in convertible securities. Convertible securities include fixed income securities that may be exchanged or converted
into a predetermined number of shares of the issuer’s underlying common stock at the option of the holder during a specified period. Convertible securities may take the form of convertible preferred stock, convertible bonds or debentures, units
consisting of “usable” bonds and warrants or a combination of the features of several of these securities. The investment characteristics of each convertible security vary widely, which allows convertible securities to be employed for a variety of
investment strategies. The Fund will exchange or convert convertible securities into shares of underlying common stock when, in the opinion of the Fund’s investment adviser, the investment characteristics of the underlying common shares will assist
the Fund in achieving its investment objective. The Fund may also elect to hold or trade convertible securities. In selecting convertible securities, the Fund’s investment adviser evaluates the investment characteristics of the convertible security
as a fixed income instrument, and the investment potential of the underlying equity security for capital appreciation. In evaluating these matters with respect to a particular convertible security, the Fund’s investment adviser considers numerous
factors, including the economic and political outlook, the value of the security relative to other investment alternatives, trends in the determinants of the issuer’s profits, and the issuer’s management capability and practices.
The value of a convertible security, including, for example, a warrant, is a function of its “investment value” (determined by its yield in comparison with the yields of other securities of comparable maturity and quality
that do not have a conversion privilege) and its “conversion value” (the security’s worth, at market value, if converted into the underlying common stock). The investment value of a convertible security is influenced by changes in interest rates,
with investment value declining as interest rates increase and increasing as interest rates decline. The credit standing of the issuer and other factors may also have an effect on the convertible security’s investment value. The conversion value of
a convertible security is determined by the market price of the underlying common stock. If the conversion value is low relative to the investment value, the price of the convertible security is governed principally by its investment value.
Generally, the conversion value decreases as the convertible security approaches maturity. To the extent the market price of the underlying common stock approaches or exceeds the conversion price, the price of the convertible security will be
increasingly influenced by its conversion value. A convertible security generally will sell at a premium over its conversion value by the extent to which investors place value on
Investment objectives and policies, principal risk factors
the right to acquire the underlying common stock while holding a fixed income security. A convertible security may be subject to redemption at the option of the issuer at a price established in the convertible security’s
governing instrument. If a convertible security held by the Fund is called for redemption, the Fund will be required to permit the issuer to redeem the security, convert it into the underlying common stock or sell it to a third party. Any of these
actions could have an adverse effect on the Fund’s ability to achieve its investment objective.
Real Estate Investment Trusts. The Fund may invest in real estate investment trusts (“REITs”). REITs are financial vehicles that pool investors’ capital to
purchase or finance real estate. Investments in REITs will subject the Fund to various risks. REIT share prices may decline because of adverse developments affecting the real estate industry and real property values. In general, real estate values
can be affected by a variety of factors, including supply and demand for properties, the economic health of the country or of different regions, and the strength of specific industries that rent properties. REITs often invest in highly leveraged
properties. Returns from REITs, which typically are small or medium capitalization stocks, may trail returns from the overall stock market. In addition, changes in interest rates may hurt real estate values or make REIT shares less attractive than
other income-producing investments. REITs are also subject to heavy cash flow dependency, defaults by borrowers and self-liquidation.
Qualification as a REIT under the Code in any particular year is a complex analysis that depends on a number of factors. There can be no assurance that the entities in which the Fund invests with the expectation that they
will be taxed as a REIT will qualify as a REIT. An entity that fails to qualify as a REIT would be subject to a corporate level tax, would not be entitled to a deduction for dividends paid to its stockholders and would not pass through to its
stockholders the character of income earned by the entity. If the Fund were to invest in an entity that failed to qualify as a REIT, such failure could significantly reduce the Fund’s yield on that investment.
REITs can be classified as equity REITs, mortgage REITs and hybrid REITs. Equity REITs invest primarily in real property and earn rental income from leasing those properties. They may also realize gains or losses from the
sale of properties. Equity REITs will be affected by conditions in the real estate rental market and by changes in the value of the properties they own. Mortgage REITs invest primarily in mortgages and similar real estate interests and receive
interest payments from the owners of the mortgaged properties. Mortgage REITs will be affected by changes in creditworthiness of borrowers and changes in interest rates. Hybrid REITs invest both in real property and in mortgages. Equity and
mortgage REITs are dependent upon management skills, may not be diversified and are subject to the risks of financing projects.
Investment objectives and policies, principal risk factors
Dividends paid by REITs will not generally qualify for the reduced U.S. federal income tax rates applicable to qualified dividends under the Code.
The Fund’s investments in REITs may include an additional risk to stockholders. Some or all of a REIT’s annual distributions to its investors may constitute a non-taxable return of capital. Any such return of capital will
generally reduce the Fund’s basis in the REIT investment, but not below zero. To the extent the distributions from a particular REIT exceed the Fund’s basis in such REIT, the Fund will generally recognize gain. In part because REIT distributions
often include a nontaxable return of capital, trust distributions to stockholders may also include a nontaxable return of capital. Stockholders that receive such a distribution will also reduce their tax basis in their common shares of the Fund, but
not below zero. To the extent the distribution exceeds a stockholder’s basis in the Fund’s common shares such stockholder will generally recognize a capital gain.
The Fund does not have any investment restrictions with respect to investments in REITs other than its concentration policy which limits its investments in REITs to no more than 25% of its assets.
Issuer Risk: The value of an issuer’s securities that are held in the Fund’s portfolio may decline for a number of reasons which directly relate to the issuer,
such as management performance, financial leverage and reduced demand for the issuer’s goods and services.
Foreign Currency Risk: Although the Fund will report its NAV and pay expenses and distributions in U.S. dollars, the Fund may invest in foreign securities
denominated or quoted in currencies other than the U.S. dollar. Therefore, changes in foreign currency exchange rates will affect the U.S. dollar value of the Fund’s investment securities and NAV. For example, even if the securities prices are
unchanged on their primary foreign stock exchange, the Fund’s NAV may change because of a change in the rate of exchange between the U.S. dollar and the trading currency of that primary foreign stock exchange. Certain currencies are more volatile
than those of other countries and Fund investments related to those countries may be more affected. Generally, if a foreign currency depreciates against the dollar (i.e., if the dollar strengthens), the value of the existing investment in the
securities denominated in that currency will decline. When a given currency appreciates against the dollar (i.e., if the dollar weakens), the value of the existing investment in the securities denominated in that currency will rise. Certain foreign
countries may impose restrictions on the ability of foreign securities issuers to make payments of principal and interest to investors located outside of the country, due to a blockage of foreign currency exchanges or otherwise.
Defensive Positions: During periods of adverse market or economic conditions, the Fund may temporarily invest all or a substantial portion of its net assets in
cash or cash equivalents. The Fund would not be pursuing its investment objective in these circumstances and could miss favorable market developments.
Investment objectives and policies, principal risk factors
Risk Characteristics of Options and Futures: Options and futures transactions can be highly volatile investments. Successful hedging strategies require the
anticipation of future movements in securities prices, interest rates and other economic factors. When a fund uses futures contracts and options as hedging devices, the prices of the securities subject to the futures contracts and options may not
correlate with the prices of the securities in a portfolio. This may cause the futures and options to react to market changes differently than the portfolio securities. Even if expectations about the market and economic factors are correct, a hedge
could be unsuccessful if changes in the value of the portfolio securities do not correspond to changes in the value of the futures contracts. The ability to establish and close out futures contracts and options on futures contracts positions depends
on the availability of a secondary market. If these positions cannot be closed out due to disruptions in the market or lack of liquidity, losses may be sustained on the futures contract or option. In addition, the Fund’s use of options and futures
may have the effect of reducing gains made by virtue of increases in value of the Fund’s common stock holdings.
Securities Lending Risk: Securities lending is subject to the risk that loaned securities may not be available to the Fund on a timely basis and the Fund may,
therefore, lose the opportunity to sell the securities at a desirable price. Any loss in the market price of securities loaned by the Fund that occurs during the term of the loan would be borne by the Fund and would adversely affect the Fund’s
performance. Also, there may be delays in recovery, or no recovery, of securities loaned or even a loss of rights in the collateral should the borrower of the securities fail financially while the loan is outstanding. The Fund would not have the
right to vote any securities having voting rights during the existence of the loan.
Discount Risk: Historically, the shares of the Fund, as well as those of other closed-end investment companies, have frequently traded at a discount to their NAV.
Any premium or discount to NAV often fluctuates over time. See “Price Range of Common Stock.”
Other Risks: In addition to the risks detailed above, the Fund also has investments in auction rate preferred securities, business development companies, special
purpose acquisition vehicles, liquidation claims, warrants and rights. All of these other investments can subject the Fund to various risks. Any of these investments could have an adverse effect on the Fund’s ability to achieve its investment
objective.
Investment transactions and investment income—Investment transactions are recorded on the trade date. Realized gains and losses from investment transactions are calculated using the
identified cost method. Dividend income is recorded on the ex-dividend date. Interest income is recorded on an accrual basis.
Investment objectives and policies, principal risk factors
Discounts are accreted and premiums are amortized using the effective yield method as adjustments to interest income and the identified cost of investments.
Dividends and distributions—On March 4, 2019, the Fund received authorization from the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) that permits the Fund to distribute
long-term capital gains to stockholders more than once per year. Accordingly, the Board approved the implementation of a Managed Distribution Plan (“MDP”) to make monthly cash distributions to stockholders. Under the MDP, distributions will be made
from current income, supplemented by realized capital gains and, to the extent necessary, paid in capital. In the year ended December 31, 2021, the Fund made monthly distributions to common stockholders at an annual rate of 7% for the period January
1, 2021 – June 30, 2021 and 8% for the period July 1, 2021 – December 31, 2021, based on the NAV of the Fund’s common shares as of the close of business on the last business day of the previous year. Dividends and distributions to common
shareholders are recorded on the ex-dividend date. The amount of dividends from net investment income and distributions from net realized capital gains was determined in accordance with federal income tax regulations, which may differ from U.S.
generally accepted accounting principles. These “book/tax” differences are either considered temporary or permanent in nature. To the extent these differences are permanent in nature, such amounts are reclassified within the capital accounts based
on their federal tax-basis treatment; temporary differences do not require reclassification.
The Fund has made certain investments in Real Estate Investment Trusts (“REITs”) which pay distributions to their shareholders based upon available funds from operations. Each REIT reports annually the tax character of its
distributions. It is quite common for these distributions to exceed the REIT’s taxable earnings and profits resulting in the excess portion of such distributions being designated as a return of capital or long-term capital gain. The Fund intends to
include the gross distributions from such REITs in its distributions to its shareholders; accordingly, a portion of the distributions paid to the Fund and subsequently distributed to shareholders may be re-characterized. The final determination of
the amount of the Fund’s return of capital distribution for the period will be made after the end of each calendar year.
Holders of Convertible Preferred Stock receive calendar quarterly dividends at the rate of 3.50% of the Subscription Price per year. Dividends on the Convertible Preferred Stock are fully cumulative, and accumulate without
interest from the date of original issuance of the Convertible Preferred Stock.
General information (unaudited)
The Fund
Special Opportunities Fund, Inc. (the “Fund”) is a diversified, closed-end management investment company whose common shares trade on the New York Stock Exchange (“NYSE”). The Fund’s NYSE trading symbol is “SPE.” On April
21, 2010 the Fund’s symbol changed from “PIF” to “SPE.” Comparative net asset value and market price information about the Fund is available weekly in various publications.
Annual meeting of shareholders held on December 8, 2021
The Fund held an annual meeting of shareholders on December 8, 2021 to vote on the following matters:
(1) To elect six Directors to the Fund’s Board of Directors, to be elected by the holders of the Fund’s common stock, to serve until the Fund’s Annual Meeting of Stockholders in 2022 and until their successors have been
duly elected and qualified; and
Proxy results – Common Stock
The presence, in person or by proxy, of shareholders entitled to cast a majority of the votes entitled to be cast at the Meeting (i.e., the presence of a majority of the shares outstanding on the record date of October 13,
2021) was necessary to constitute a quorum for the transaction of business. At the Meeting, the holders of approximately 83.04% of the common stock outstanding as of the record date were represented in person or by proxy (10,557,231 votes), thus
constituting a quorum for the matters to be voted upon by all shareholders at the Meeting.
The actual voting results for the agenda items were as follows:
Proposal to elect Andrew Dakos as a director:
FOR
|
% of Quorum
|
% of O/S
|
WITHHELD
|
9,842,353
|
93.23%
|
77.42%
|
714,878
|
|
Proposal to elect Phillip Goldstein as a director:
|
|
|
|
|
FOR
|
% of Quorum
|
% of O/S
|
WITHHELD
|
9,814,449
|
92.96%
|
77.20%
|
742,782
|
|
Proposal to elect Ben Harris as a director:
|
|
|
|
|
FOR
|
% of Quorum
|
% of O/S
|
WITHHELD
|
10,403,021
|
98.54%
|
81.83%
|
154,210
|
|
Proposal to elect Gerald Hellerman as a director:
|
|
|
|
|
FOR
|
% of Quorum
|
% of O/S
|
WITHHELD
|
9,824,354
|
93.06%
|
77.28%
|
732,877
|
General information (unaudited)
Proposal to elect Marc Lunder as a director:
FOR
|
% of Quorum
|
% of O/S
|
WITHHELD
|
10,410,328
|
98.61%
|
81.89%
|
146,903
|
|
Proposal to elect Charles C. Walden as a director:
|
|
|
|
|
FOR
|
% of Quorum
|
% of O/S
|
WITHHELD
|
10,383,050
|
98.35%
|
81.67%
|
174,181
|
O/S – outstanding shares
(2) To provide a non-binding advisory vote on whether the amendment to the Fund’s proxy voting policy is in the best interests of the Fund and its stockholders.
FOR
|
AGAINST
|
ABSTAIN
|
BROKER NON-VOTE
|
% of Quorum
|
% of O/S
|
6,106,948
|
158,720
|
820,517
|
3,471,046
|
57.85%
|
48.04%
|
Tax information
The Fund designated 14.07% of its ordinary income distribution for the year ended December 31, 2021, as qualified dividend income under the Jobs and Growth Tax Relief Reconciliation Act of 2003.
For the year ended December 31, 2021, 10.48% of dividends paid from net ordinary income qualified for the dividends received deduction available to corporate shareholders.
The Fund designated 75.41% of taxable ordinary income distributions designated as short-term capital gain distributions under Internal Revenue Section 871 (k)(2)(C).
Quarterly Form N-PORT portfolio schedule
The Fund files its complete schedule of portfolio holdings with the SEC for the first and third quarters of each fiscal year on Form N-PORT. The Fund’s Forms N-PORT are available on the SEC’s Web site at
http://www.sec.gov. Additionally, you may obtain copies of Forms N-PORT from the Fund upon request by calling 1-877-607-0414.
Proxy voting policies, procedures and record
You may obtain a description of the Fund’s (1) proxy voting policies, (2) proxy voting procedures and (3) information regarding how the Fund voted any proxies related to portfolio securities during the most recent 12-month
period ended June 30 for which an SEC filing has been made, without charge, upon request by contacting the Fund directly at 1-877-607-0414, or on the EDGAR Database on the SEC’s Web site (http://www.sec.gov).
Supplemental information (unaudited)
The following table sets forth the directors and officers of the Fund, his name, address, age, position with the Fund, term of office and length of service with the Fund, principal occupation or employment during the past
five years and other directorships held at December 31, 2021.
Additional information about the Directors and Officers of the Fund is included in the Fund’s most recent Form N-2.
|
|
Term of
|
|
Number of
|
Other
|
|
|
Office
|
|
Portfolios
|
Directorships
|
|
|
and
|
|
in Fund
|
held by
|
|
Position(s)
|
Length
|
Principal Occupation
|
Complex
|
Director During
|
Name, Address
|
Held with
|
of Time
|
During the Past
|
Overseen
|
the Past
|
and Age*
|
the Fund
|
Served
|
Five Years
|
by Director**
|
Five Years
|
INTERESTED DIRECTORS
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Andrew Dakos***
|
President
|
1 year;
|
Partner of the Adviser since
|
1
|
Director, Brookfield
|
(55)
|
as of
|
Since
|
2009; Principal of the former
|
|
DTLA Fund Office
|
|
October
|
2009
|
general partner of several
|
|
Trust Investor, Inc.;
|
|
2009.
|
|
private investment partnerships
|
|
Trustee, Crossroads
|
|
|
|
in the Bulldog Investors group
|
|
Liquidating Trust
|
|
|
|
of private funds.
|
|
(until 2020);
|
|
|
|
|
|
Trustee, High
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income Securities
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fund; Chairman,
|
|
|
|
|
|
Swiss Helvetia
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fund, Inc.; Director,
|
|
|
|
|
|
Emergent Capital,
|
|
|
|
|
|
Inc. (until 2017).
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Phillip Goldstein***
|
Chairman
|
1 year;
|
Partner of the Adviser since
|
1
|
Chairman, Mexico
|
(77)
|
and
|
Since
|
2009; Principal of the former
|
|
Equity and Income
|
|
Secretary
|
2009
|
general partner of several
|
|
Fund, Inc.; Director,
|
|
as of
|
|
private investment partnerships
|
|
MVC Capital, Inc.
|
|
October
|
|
in the Bulldog Investors group
|
|
(until 2020);
|
|
2009.
|
|
of private funds.
|
|
Director, Brookfield
|
|
|
|
|
|
DTLA Fund Office
|
|
|
|
|
|
Trust Investor, Inc.;
|
|
|
|
|
|
Trustee, Crossroads
|
|
|
|
|
|
Liquidating Trust
|
|
|
|
|
|
(until 2020);
|
|
|
|
|
|
Chairman, High
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income Securities
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fund; Director,
|
|
|
|
|
|
Swiss Helvetia
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fund, Inc.;
|
|
|
|
|
|
Chairman,
|
|
|
|
|
|
Emergent Capital,
|
|
|
|
|
|
Inc. (until 2017).
|
Supplemental information (unaudited)
|
|
Term of
|
|
Number of
|
Other
|
|
|
Office
|
|
Portfolios
|
Directorships
|
|
|
and
|
|
in Fund
|
held by
|
|
Position(s)
|
Length
|
Principal Occupation
|
Complex
|
Director During
|
Name, Address
|
Held with
|
of Time
|
During the Past
|
Overseen
|
the Past
|
and Age*
|
the Fund
|
Served
|
Five Years
|
by Director**
|
Five Years
|
INDEPENDENT DIRECTORS
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gerald Hellerman
|
—
|
1 year;
|
Managing Director of Hellerman
|
1
|
Director, Mexico
|
(84)
|
|
Since
|
Associates (a financial and
|
|
Equity and Income
|
|
|
2009
|
corporate consulting firm) since
|
|
Fund, Inc.; Director,
|
|
|
|
1993 (which terminated activities
|
|
MVC Capital, Inc.
|
|
|
|
as of December, 31, 2013).
|
|
(until 2020);
|
|
|
|
|
|
Trustee, Crossroads
|
|
|
|
|
|
Liquidating Trust
|
|
|
|
|
|
(until 2020);
|
|
|
|
|
|
Trustee, Fiera
|
|
|
|
|
|
Capital Series Trust;
|
|
|
|
|
|
Trustee, High
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income Securities
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fund; Director,
|
|
|
|
|
|
Swiss Helvetia
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fund, Inc.;
|
|
|
|
|
|
Director, Emergent
|
|
|
|
|
|
Capital, Inc.
|
|
|
|
|
|
(until 2017);
|
|
|
|
|
|
Director, Ironsides
|
|
|
|
|
|
Partners Opportunity
|
|
|
|
|
|
Offshore Fund Ltd.
|
|
|
|
|
|
(until 2016).
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Marc Lunder
|
—
|
1 year;
|
Managing Member of Lunder
|
1
|
None
|
(58)
|
|
Effective
|
Capital LLC.
|
|
|
|
|
January 1,
|
|
|
|
|
|
2015
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ben Harris
|
—
|
1 year;
|
Chief Executive Officer of
|
1
|
Trustee,
|
(53)
|
|
Since
|
Hormel Harris Investments, LLC;
|
|
High Income
|
|
|
2009
|
Principal of NBC Bancshares, LLC;
|
|
Securities Fund.
|
|
|
|
Chief Executive Officer of Crossroads
|
|
|
|
|
|
Capital, Inc.; Administrator of
|
|
|
|
|
|
Crossroads Liquidating Trust.
|
|
|
Supplemental information (unaudited)
|
|
Term of
|
|
Number of
|
Other
|
|
|
Office
|
|
Portfolios
|
Directorships
|
|
|
and
|
|
in Fund
|
held by
|
|
Position(s)
|
Length
|
Principal Occupation
|
Complex
|
Director During
|
Name, Address
|
Held with
|
of Time
|
During the Past
|
Overseen
|
the Past
|
and Age*
|
the Fund
|
Served
|
Five Years
|
by Director**
|
Five Years
|
Charles C. Walden
|
—
|
1 year;
|
President and Owner of Sound
|
1
|
Independent
|
(77)
|
|
Since
|
Capital Associates, LLC
|
|
Chairman, Third
|
|
|
2009
|
(consulting firm).
|
|
Avenue Funds
|
|
|
|
|
|
(fund complex
|
|
|
|
|
|
consisting of three
|
|
|
|
|
|
funds and one
|
|
|
|
|
|
variable series trust)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(until 2019).
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
OFFICERS
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Andrew Dakos***
|
President
|
1 year;
|
Partner of the Adviser since
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
(55)
|
as of
|
Since
|
2009; Principal of the former
|
|
|
|
October
|
2009
|
general partner of several
|
|
|
|
2009.
|
|
private investment partnerships
|
|
|
|
|
|
in the Bulldog Investors group
|
|
|
|
|
|
of private funds.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Rajeev Das***
|
Vice-
|
1 year;
|
Principal of the Adviser.
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
(53)
|
President
|
Since
|
|
|
|
|
as of
|
2009
|
|
|
|
|
October
|
|
|
|
|
|
2009.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Phillip Goldstein***
|
Chairman
|
1 year;
|
Partner of the Adviser
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
(77)
|
and
|
Since
|
since 2009; Principal of the
|
|
|
|
Secretary
|
2009
|
former general partner of
|
|
|
|
as of
|
|
several private investment
|
|
|
|
October
|
|
partnerships in the Bulldog
|
|
|
|
2009.
|
|
Investors group of funds.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Stephanie Darling***
|
Chief
|
1 year;
|
General Counsel and Chief
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
(51)
|
Compliance
|
Since
|
Compliance Officer of
|
|
|
|
Officer
|
2020
|
Bulldog Investors, LLP;
|
|
|
|
as of
|
|
Chief Compliance Officer –
|
|
|
|
April
|
|
High Income Securities Fund,
|
|
|
|
2020.
|
|
Swiss Helvetia Fund, and
|
|
|
|
|
|
Mexico Equity and Income
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fund; Principal, the Law
|
|
|
|
|
|
Office of Stephanie Darling;
|
|
|
|
|
|
Editor-In-Chief, the
|
|
|
|
|
|
Investment Lawyer.
|
|
|
Supplemental information (unaudited)
|
|
Term of
|
|
Number of
|
Other
|
|
|
Office
|
|
Portfolios
|
Directorships
|
|
|
and
|
|
in Fund
|
held by
|
|
Position(s)
|
Length
|
Principal Occupation
|
Complex
|
Director During
|
Name, Address
|
Held with
|
of Time
|
During the Past
|
Overseen
|
the Past
|
and Age*
|
the Fund
|
Served
|
Five Years
|
by Director**
|
Five Years
|
Thomas Antonucci***
|
Chief
|
1 year;
|
Director of Operations
|
n/a
|
n/a
|
(53)
|
Financial
|
Since
|
of the Adviser.
|
|
|
|
Officer
|
2014
|
|
|
|
|
and
|
|
|
|
|
|
Treasurer
|
|
|
|
|
|
as of
|
|
|
|
|
|
January
|
|
|
|
|
|
2014.
|
|
|
|
|
*
|
|
The address for all directors and officers is c/o Special Opportunities Fund, Inc., 615 East Michigan Street, Milwaukee, WI 53202.
|
**
|
|
The Fund Complex is comprised of only the Fund.
|
***
|
|
Messrs. Dakos, Goldstein, Das, Antonucci and Ms. Darling are each considered an “interested person” of the Fund within the meaning of the 1940 Act because of their affiliation with Bulldog Investors, LLP, the
Adviser, and their positions as officers of the Fund.
|
Board approval of investment advisory agreement (unaudited)
At its telephonic meeting held in accordance with SEC Release No. 33897, on September 14, 2021, the Board of Directors (the “Board”) of Special Opportunities Fund, Inc. (the “Fund”) met to consider the renewal of the
Investment Advisory Agreement (the “Advisory Agreement”) between the Fund and Bulldog Investors, LLP (the “Adviser”). The Independent Directors (as defined below) held a telephonic executive session on September 10, 2021 (the “September 10, 2021
Meeting”) to review materials related to the renewal of the Advisory Agreement. The Board received and discussed a memorandum from the Fund’s independent legal counsel regarding the duties and responsibilities of the Board and the Independent
Directors under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “1940 Act”), in reviewing advisory contracts. Based on their evaluation of the information provided, the Directors, by a unanimous vote (including a separate vote of the Directors
who are not “interested persons,” as that term is defined in the 1940 Act, as amended (the “Independent Directors”)), approved the continuation of the Advisory Agreement for an additional one-year term.
In considering the renewal of the Advisory Agreement and reaching their conclusions, the Independent Directors reviewed and analyzed various factors that they determined were relevant, including (a) the nature, extent, and
quality of the services to be provided by the Adviser; (b) the investment performance of the Fund assets managed by the Adviser; (c) the cost of the services to be provided and the profits to be realized by the Adviser from its relationship with the
Fund; (d) the extent to which economies of scale (if any) would be realized as the Fund grows; and (e) fee comparisons of the advisory services and fees similar to those of the Investment Adviser. The Independent Directors evaluated each of these
factors based on their own direct experience with the Adviser and in consultation with their independent counsel. No one factor was determinative in the Board’s decision to approve the continuance of the Advisory Agreement. Greater detail regarding
the Independent Directors’ consideration of the factors that led to their decision to approve the continuance of the Advisory Agreement is set forth below.
The materials which had been prepared by the Adviser in response to a questionnaire (known as a “15(c) questionnaire”) provided Fund counsel with respect to certain matters that counsel believed relevant to the annual
continuation of the Advisory Agreement under Section 15 of the 1940 Act, distributed to the Directors and reviewed by the Independent Directors together with counsel at the September 10, 2021 Meeting included, among other things, information
regarding: (a) the Adviser’s financial soundness; (b) information on the cost to the Adviser of advising the Fund and the Adviser’s profitability in connection with such advisory services; (c) the experience and responsibilities of key personnel at
the Adviser; (d) the risk management policies and procedures
Board approval of investment advisory agreement (unaudited)
adopted by the Adviser; (e) the investment performance of the Fund as compared to peer and/or comparable funds; (f) the Adviser’s policy with respect to selection of broker-dealers and allocation of portfolio transactions;
(g) fees of the Fund as compared to peer and/or comparable funds; (h) the profitability to the Adviser derived from its relationship to the Fund; (i) the Adviser’s compliance program and chief compliance officer; (j) the Adviser’s policy with respect
to proxy voting; (k) affiliates and possible conflicts; and (l) other material factors affecting the Adviser.
The Independent Directors and Messrs. Dakos and Goldstein reviewed the Adviser’s financial information and discussed the profitability of the Adviser as it relates to advising the Fund. The Independent Directors considered
both the direct and indirect benefits to the Adviser from advising the Fund. These considerations were based on material requested by the Directors specifically for the meeting, as well as the in-person presentations made by the Adviser over the
course of the year. After further discussion, the Independent Directors concluded that the Adviser’s profit from advising the Fund currently was not excessive and that the Adviser had adequate financial strength to support the services to the Fund.
The Independent Directors then assessed the overall quality of services provided to the Fund. The Independent Directors considered the Adviser’s specific responsibilities in all aspects of day-to-day management of the Fund,
as well as the qualifications, experience and responsibilities of the portfolio managers and other key personnel at the Adviser involved in the day-to-day activities of the Fund. The Independent Directors noted the unique investment strategy of the
Fund and the knowledge and expertise required by the Adviser’s personnel. The Independent Directors also considered the operational strength of the Adviser. The Independent Directors considered the favorable history, reputation, qualification and
background of the Adviser, as well as the qualifications of its personnel and financial condition. The Independent Directors then reviewed the Bulldog Investors, LLP organizational chart as well as the affiliated entity organizational chart. The
Independent Directors concluded that the Adviser had sufficient quality and depth of personnel, resources, investment methods and compliance policies and procedure necessary to performing its duties under the Investment Advisory Agreement and that
the nature, overall quality, and extent of the management services were satisfactory and reliable.
The Independent Directors reviewed the personnel responsible for providing services to the Fund and concluded, based on their experience and interaction with the Adviser, that the Adviser (a) was able to retain quality
personnel, (b) exhibited a high level of diligence and attention to detail in carrying out its responsibilities under the Investment Advisory Agreement, (c) was very responsive
Board approval of investment advisory agreement (unaudited)
to the requests of the Independent Directors and the Fund’s CCO, (d) had consistently kept the Board apprised of developments related to the Fund and the industry in general and (e) continued to demonstrate the ability to
grow the Fund over time via investment returns.
The Independent Directors discussed the performance of the Fund for the year-to-date, one-year, three-year, five-year, and ten-year periods ended June 30, 2021. In assessing the quality of the portfolio management services
delivered by the Adviser, the Independent Directors also compared the short-term and long-term performance of the Fund on both an absolute basis and in comparison to a peer fund group with data provided by Morningstar, Inc. (the “Morningstar Peer
Group”) and assembled by Fund Services independently from the Adviser. The Independent Directors noted that the Fund’s performance was below the peer group average for the one-year, three-year, five-year and ten-year periods. It was also noted by the
Independent Directors that the Adviser had provided select data on the Fund’s Peers that the Adviser believed were most comparable to the investment style of SPE. The Independent directors also noted that they review the investment performance of the
Fund at each quarterly meeting. After considering all of the information, the Independent Directors concluded that the Adviser has obtained reasonable returns for the Fund while minimizing risk. Although past performance is not a guarantee or
indication of future results, the Independent Directors determined that the Fund and its shareholders were likely to benefit from the Adviser’s continued management.
The Independent Directors then turned to a more focused review of the cost of services and the structure of the Adviser’s fees. The Independent Directors reviewed information prepared by the Adviser, as well as by Fund
Services comparing the Fund’s contractual advisory fee with a peer group of funds and comparing the Fund’s overall expense ratio to the expense ratios of the Peer Group. The Independent Directors noted that the contractual investment advisory fee for
the Fund of 1.00% was below the 1.02% Peer Group average. The Independent Directors further noted that the then current expense ratio of 1.71% included the advisory fee on the preferred assets. It was noted that the Fund is unique in its industry due
to its activist investment strategy and true comparisons are difficult. Discussion ensued regarding the selection of the comparable funds by the Adviser and their use of leverage. Following a thorough discussion, the Independent Directors concluded
that the Fund’s expenses and the management fee paid to the Adviser were fair and not unreasonable in light of the experience and commitment of the Adviser, as well as the comparative performance, expense and management fee information provided.
Board approval of investment advisory agreement (unaudited)
After due consideration of the written and oral presentations, the Independent Directors concluded that the nature and scope of the advisory services provided was reasonable and appropriate in relation to the advisory fee
and in relation to peer comparisons, that the level of services to be provided by the Adviser were expected to be maintained and that the quality of service was expected to remain high.
Based on the factors discussed above, the Board approved the continuance of the Advisory Agreement between the Fund and Adviser on September 14, 2021.
New York Stock Exchange certifications (unaudited)
On January 4, 2022, the Fund submitted an annual certification to the New York Stock Exchange (“NYSE”) in which the Fund’s president certified that he was not aware, as of the date of the certification, of any violation by
the Fund of the NYSE’s Corporate Governance listing standards.
Privacy policy notice
The following is a description of the Fund’s policies regarding disclosure of nonpublic personal information that you provide to the Fund or that the Fund collects from other sources. In the event that you hold shares of
the Fund through a broker-dealer or other financial intermediary, the privacy policy of the financial intermediary would govern how your nonpublic personal information would be shared with unaffiliated third parties.
CATEGORIES OF INFORMATION THE FUND COLLECTS. The Fund collects the following nonpublic personal information about you:
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1.
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Information from the Consumer: this category includes information the Fund receives from you on or in applications or other forms, correspondence, or conversations (such as your name, address, phone number, social
security number, assets, income and date of birth); and
|
|
|
|
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2.
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Information about the Consumer’s transactions: this category includes information about your transactions with the Fund, its affiliates, or others (such as your account number and balance, payment history, parties
to transactions, cost basis information, and other financial information).
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CATEGORIES OF INFORMATION THE FUND DISCLOSES. The Fund does not disclose any nonpublic personal information about their current or former shareholders to unaffiliated third parties, except as required or permitted by law.
The Fund is permitted by law to disclose all of the information it collects, as described above, to its service providers (such as the Custodian, administrator and transfer agent) to process your transactions and otherwise provide services to you.
CONFIDENTIALITY AND SECURITY. The Fund restricts access to your nonpublic personal information to those persons who require such information to provide products or services to you. The Fund maintains physical, electronic
and procedural safeguards that comply with federal standards to guard your nonpublic personal information.
This privacy policy notice is not a part of the shareholder report.
Investment Adviser
Bulldog Investors, LLP
Park 80 West
250 Pehle Avenue, Suite 708
Saddle Brook, NJ 07663
Administrator and Fund Accountant
U.S. Bank Global Fund Services
615 East Michigan Street
Milwaukee, WI 53202
Custodian
U.S. Bank, N.A.
Custody Operations
1555 North RiverCenter Drive, Suite 302
Milwaukee, WI 53212
Transfer Agent and Registrar
American Stock Transfer & Trust Company, LLC
59 Maiden Lane
New York, NY 10038
Fund Counsel
Blank Rome LLP
1271 Avenue of the Americas
New York, NY 10020
Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
Tait, Weller & Baker LLP
Two Liberty Place
50 South 16th Street, Suite 2900
Philadelphia, PA 19102
Board of Directors
Andrew Dakos
Phillip Goldstein
Ben Harris
Gerald Hellerman
Marc Lunder
Charles Walden
Special Opportunities Fund, Inc.
1-877-607-0414
www.specialopportunitiesfundinc.com
(b) Not applicable for this Registrant.
Item 2. Code of Ethics.
The registrant has adopted a code of ethics that applies to the registrant’s principal executive officer and principal financial officer. The Registrant has not made any amendments to its Code of Ethics during the period covered by this
report. The registrant has not granted any waivers from any provisions of the code of ethics during the period covered by this report.
Item 3. Audit Committee Financial Expert.
The registrant’s board of directors has determined that there is at least one audit committee financial expert serving on its audit committee. Marc Lunder is the “audit committee financial expert” and is considered to be “independent” as each
term is defined in Item 3 of Form N‑CSR.
Item 4. Principal Accountant Fees and Services.
(a) Audit Fees:
For the fiscal years ended December 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, the aggregate Tait, Weller & Baker LLP (“TWB”) audit fees for professional services rendered to the registrant were approximately $39,000 and $39,000, respectively.
Fees included in the audit fees category are those associated with performing an audit of the registrant’s annual financial statements or services that are normally provided by the accountant in connection with statutory and regulatory filings
or engagements.
(b) Audit-Related Fees:
For the fiscal years ended December 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, the aggregate audit-related fees billed by TWB for services rendered to the registrant that are related to the performance of the audit, but not reported as audit fees, were
approximately $2,000 and $2,000, respectively.
Fees included in the audit-related category are those associated with (1) the review of the semi-annual report.
The Audit Committee pre-approved the fees for TWB for the cursory review of the semi-annual report. There were no other audit-related fees required to be approved pursuant to paragraph (c)(7)(ii) of Rule 2-01 of Regulation S-X during the fiscal
periods indicated above.
(c) Tax Fees:
For the fiscal years ended December 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, the aggregate tax fees billed by TWB for professional services rendered to the registrant were $4,000 and $4,000, respectively.
Fees included in the tax fees category comprise all services performed by professional staff in the independent accountant’s tax division except those services related to the audits. This category comprises fees for review of tax compliance,
Federal income tax returns and excise tax calculations.
There were no tax fees required to be approved pursuant to paragraph (c)(7)(ii) of Rule 2-01 of Regulation S-X during the fiscal periods indicated above.
(d) All Other Fees:
In the fiscal years ended December 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, there were no fees billed by TWB for products and services, other than the services reported in Item 4(a)-(c) above, rendered to the registrant.
There were no “all other fees” required to be approved pursuant to paragraph (c)(7)(ii) of Rule 2-01 of Regulation S-X during the fiscal periods indicated above.
(e)(1) Audit Committee Pre-Approval Policies and Procedures:
The audit committee has adopted pre-approval policies and procedures that require the audit committee to pre-approve all audit and non-audit services of the registrant, including services provided to any entity affiliated with the registrant.
(e)(2) Services approved pursuant to paragraph (c)(7)(i)(C) of Rule 2-01 of Regulation S-X:
Audit-Related Fees:
There were no amounts that were approved by the audit committee pursuant to the de minimis exception for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020 on behalf of the registrant.
There were no amounts that were required to be approved by the audit committee pursuant to the de minimis exception for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020 on behalf of the registrant’s service providers that relate
directly to the operations and financial reporting of the registrant.
Tax Fees:
There were no amounts that were approved by the audit committee pursuant to the de minimis exception for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020 on behalf of the registrant.
There were no amounts that were required to be approved by the audit committee pursuant to the de minimis exception for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020 on behalf of the registrant’s service providers that relate
directly to the operations and financial reporting of the registrant.
All Other Fees:
There were no amounts that were approved by the audit committee pursuant to the de minimis exception for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020 on behalf of the registrant.
There were no amounts that were required to be approved by the audit committee pursuant to the de minimis exception for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020 on behalf of the registrant’s service providers that relate
directly to the operations and financial reporting of the registrant.
(f) All of the principal accountant’s hours spent on auditing the registrant’s financial statements were attributed to work performed by full‑time permanent employees of the principal accountant.
(g) For the fiscal years ended December 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, the aggregate fees billed by TWB for non-audit services rendered on behalf of the registrant, its investment adviser and any entity controlling, controlled by, or under
common control with the adviser that provides (or provided during the relevant fiscal period) services to the registrant for each of the last two fiscal periods of the registrant is shown in the table below.
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December 31, 2021
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December 31, 2020
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Registrant
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$6,000
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$6,000
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Registrant’s Investment Adviser
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$0
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$0
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(h) The registrant’s audit committee was not required to consider whether the provision of non-audit services that were rendered to the registrant’s investment adviser (not including any sub-adviser whose role is primarily portfolio management
and is subcontracted with or overseen by another investment adviser), and any entity controlling, controlled by, or under common control with the investment adviser that provides ongoing services to the registrant that were not pre-approved
pursuant to paragraph (c)(7)(ii) of Rule 2-01 of Regulation S-X is compatible with maintaining the principal accountant’s independence.
(i) Not applicable
(j) Not applicable
Item 5. Audit Committee of Listed Registrants.
The Audit Committee is comprised of Mr. Marc Lunder, Mr. Ben H. Harris and Mr. Charles C. Walden.
Item 6. Investments.
Schedule of Investments is included as part of the report to shareholders filed under Item 1 of this Form.
Item 7. Disclosure of Proxy Voting Policies and Procedures for Closed-End Management Investment Companies.
The registrant's policy regarding proxy voting is to delegate the voting of proxies with respect to securities owned by the Fund to the Adviser. The Adviser's policies and procedures regarding proxy voting are below.
Bulldog Investors, LLP
Proxy Voting Policies and Procedures
Proxy Voting Policies
Bulldog Investors believes that the right to vote on issues submitted to shareholder vote, such as election of directors and important matters affecting a company’s structure and operations, can impact the value of its investments. Bulldog
Investors generally analyzes the proxy statements of issuers of stock owned by Bulldog Investors’ clients, as necessary and votes proxies on behalf of such clients.
Bulldog Investors’ decisions with respect to proxy issues are made in light of the anticipated impact of the issue on the value of the investment. Proxies are voted solely in the interests of Bulldog Investors’ clients.
Proxy Voting Procedures
In evaluating proxy statements, Bulldog Investors relies upon its own fundamental research, and information presented by company management and others. Bulldog Investors does not delegate its proxy voting responsibility to a third party proxy
voting service.
Proxy Voting Guidelines
Bulldog Investors will generally vote proxies in favor of proposals that, in the opinion of the portfolio managers, seek to enhance shareholder value and shareholder democracy. Bulldog Investors will generally vote
proxies against any director who has voted to take action to materially impair shareholder voting rights (e.g., has voted to “opt in” to any state’s control share statute).
Special Opportunities Fund, Inc. (“SPE”). With respect to proxies of closed-end investment companies held by SPE, in order to comply with Section 12(d) of the Investment
Company Act of 1940, Bulldog Investors will “mirror vote” all such proxies received by SPE, unless Bulldog Investors deems it appropriate to seek instructions from SPE shareholders with regard to such vote. In such circumstances, Bulldog Investors
will vote such proxies proportionally based upon the total number of shares owned by those shareholders that provide instructions. Bulldog Investors will post such instructions on SPE’s website and will send an email indicating that it is seeking
instructions to those SPE shareholders who have requested to receive such information. In each semi-annual report to SPE shareholders, they are solicited to request to receive such information.
All Clients. In certain circumstances, Bulldog Investors may enter into a settlement agreement with an issuer of stock owned by Bulldog Investors’ clients that requires Bulldog
Investors to vote shares of such stock (or the stock of an affiliate of the issuer) held by clients in a manner that deviates from these Policies and Procedures. In entering into any such agreement, Bulldog Investors has determined that the
anticipated impact of entering into such settlement agreement is in the interests of Bulldog Investors’ clients.
Monitoring and Resolving Conflicts of Interest
When reviewing proxy statements and related research materials, Bulldog Investors will consider whether any business or other relationships between a portfolio manager, Bulldog Investors and a portfolio company could influence a vote on such
proxy matter. With respect to personal conflicts of interest, Bulldog Investors’ Code of Ethics requires all partners to avoid activities, perquisites, gifts, or receipt of investment opportunities that could interfere with the ability to act
objectively and effectively in the best interests of Bulldog Investors and its clients, and restricts their ability to engage in certain outside business activities. Portfolio managers with a personal conflict of interest regarding a particular
proxy vote must recuse themselves and not participate in the voting decisions with respect to that proxy.
Item 8. Portfolio Managers of Closed-End Management Investment Companies.
Information is presented as of January 31, 2022.
(a)(1):
The Portfolio Manager of the Fund is Bulldog Investors, LLP. Phillip Goldstein, Andrew Dakos, and Rajeev Das are the individuals responsible for the day-to-day management of the Fund’s portfolio. The business experience of Messrs. Goldstein,
Dakos, and Das during the past 5 years is as follows:
Phillip Goldstein: Partner of Bulldog Investors, LLP and its predecessors since its inception in October 2009. Mr. Goldstein also is a member of Bulldog Holdings, LLC, the owner of several entities that previously served as the general partner
of several private investment partnerships in the Bulldog Investors group of funds, and the owner of Kimball & Winthrop, LLC, the managing general partner of Bulldog Investors General Partnership, since 2012. He is a director/trustee of the
following closed-end funds: Mexico Equity and Income Fund since 2000, Swiss Helvetia Fund, Inc. since 2018 and High Income Securities Fund since 2018. He also is a director of Brookfield DTLA Fund Office Trust Investor, a subsidiary of a large
commercial real estate company, since 2017. He served as a director of Emergent Capital, Inc. (f/k/a Imperial Holdings, Inc.), a specialty finance company, from 2012-2017; a director of MVC Capital, Inc., a business development company, from
2012-2020; and a trustee of Crossroads Liquidating Trust (f/k/a Crossroads Capital, Inc., a business development company), from 2016-2020. Mr. Goldstein may buy and sell securities for the Fund’s portfolio without limitation.
Andrew Dakos: Partner of Bulldog Investors, LLP and its predecessors since its inception in October 2009. Mr. Dakos also is a member of Bulldog Holdings, LLC, the owner of several entities that previously served as the general partner of several
private investment partnerships in the Bulldog Investors group of funds, and the owner of Kimball & Winthrop, LLC, the managing general partner of Bulldog Investors General Partnership, since 2012. He has served as a director/trustee of
Emergent Capital, Inc. (f/k/a Imperial Holdings, Inc.), a specialty finance company, from 2012-2017, Crossroads Liquidating Trust (f/k/a Crossroads Capital, Inc., a business development company), from 2015-2020, High Income Securities Fund, a
closed-end fund, since 2018, Swiss Helvetia Fund, Inc., a closed-end fund, since 2017, and Brookfield DTLA Fund Office Trust Investor, a subsidiary of a large commercial real estate company, since 2017. Mr. Dakos may buy and sell securities for
the Fund’s portfolio without limitation.
Rajeev Das: Head Trader of Bulldog Investors, LLP and its predecessors since its inception in October 2009. Since 2004, Mr. Das has been a Principal of the entities that previously served as the general partner of the private investment
partnerships in the Bulldog Investors group of investment funds. He has been a director/trustee of the following closed-end funds: The Mexico Equity and Income Fund, Inc., since 2001; and High Income Securities Fund, since 2018. Mr. Das provides
investment research and analysis. Mr. Das buys and sells securities for the Fund’s portfolio under the supervision of Mr. Goldstein and Mr. Dakos.
(a)(2): Information is provided as of December 31, 2021 (per instructions to paragraph (a)(2).
(i) Phillip Goldstein, Andrew Dakos and Rajeev Das
(ii) Number of other accounts managed by Mr. Goldstein, Mr. Dakos and Mr. Das within each of the following categories:
(A) Registered investment companies: 1
(B) Other pooled investment vehicles: 8
(C) Other accounts: 477
(iii) Number of other pooled investment vehicles, and total assets therein, with respect to which the advisory fee is based on the performance of the account: 2 pooled investment vehicles; $33.75 million (estimated). Number of “other accounts,”
and total assets therein, with respect to which the advisory fee is based on the performance of the account: 2 other accounts; $2.66 million (estimated).
(iv) Certain conflicts of interest may arise in connection with the Portfolio Manager’s management of the Fund’s portfolio and the portfolios of other accounts managed by the investment advisor. For example, certain inherent conflicts of
interest exist in connection with managing accounts that pay a performance-based fee or allocation alongside an account that does not, and in connection with managing the accounts of certain principals of the Portfolio Manager (“Proprietary
Accounts”) alongside the accounts of unaffiliated clients. These conflicts may include an incentive to favor such accounts over the Fund because the investment advisor can potentially receive greater fees from accounts paying a performance-based
fee than from the Fund. As a result, the investment advisor may have an incentive to direct its best investment ideas to, or allocate or sequence trades in favor of such accounts, and may have an incentive to favor the Proprietary Accounts over
the accounts of unaffiliated clients. In addition, in cases where the investment strategies are the same or very similar, various factors (including, but not limited to, tax considerations, amount of available cash, and risk tolerance) may result
in substantially different portfolios in such accounts. Material conflicts of interest could arise in the allocation of investment opportunities between the Fund and the other pooled investment vehicles and other accounts managed by Bulldog
Investors, LLP. In order to address these conflicts of interest, Bulldog Investors, LLP has adopted a Trade Allocation Policy which recognizes the importance of trade allocation decisions and attempts to achieve an equitable balancing of competing
client interests. The Policy establishes certain procedures to be followed in connection with placing and allocating trades for client accounts.
(a)(3):
Compensation for Messrs. Goldstein, Dakos and Das is comprised solely of net income generated by the Fund’s investment adviser.
(a)(4): Information is provided as of December 31, 2021 (per instructions to paragraph (a)(4).
As of December 31, 2021, Mr. Goldstein beneficially owns 19,350 shares of common stock of the Registrant; Mr. Dakos beneficially Directly owns 12,178 shares of common stock of the Registrant, and Indirectly owns 7,161 shares of common stock of
the Registrant; and Mr. Das owns 3,096 shares of common stock of the Registrant.
Item 9. Purchases of Equity Securities by Closed‑End Management Investment Company and Affiliated Purchasers.
The following purchases were made by or on behalf of the registrant or any “affiliated purchaser,” as defined in Rule 10b-18(a)(3) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, of shares of the registrant’s equity securities that are
registered by the Registrant pursuant to Section 12 of the Exchange Act made in the period covered by this report.
Period
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(a)
Total Number of
Shares (or Units)
Purchased
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(b)
Average Price Paid
per Share (or Unit)
|
(c)
Total Number of
Shares (or Units)
Purchased as Part
of Publicly Announced
Plans or Programs
|
(d)
Maximum Number
(or Approximate
Dollar Value) of
Shares (or Units)
that May Yet Be
Purchased Under the
Plans or Programs
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7/1/2021 to
7/31/2021
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N/A
|
N/A
|
N/A
|
N/A
|
8/1/2021 to
8/31/2021
|
N/A
|
N/A
|
N/A
|
N/A
|
9/1/2021 to
9/30/2021
|
N/A
|
N/A
|
N/A
|
N/A
|
10/1/2021 to
10/31/2021
|
N/A
|
N/A
|
N/A
|
N/A
|
11/1/2021 to
11/30/2021
|
N/A
|
N/A
|
N/A
|
N/A
|
12/1/2021 to
12/31/2021
|
N/A
|
N/A
|
N/A
|
N/A
|
Total
|
|
|
|
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Item 10. Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders.
There have been no material changes to the procedures by which shareholders may recommend nominees to the registrant’s board of directors.
Item 11. Controls and Procedures.
(a)
|
The Registrant’s President and Chief Financial Officer have reviewed the Registrant's disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 30a-3(c) under the Investment Company Act of 1940 (the “Act”)) as of a date within 90 days of
the filing of this report, as required by Rule 30a-3(b) under the Act and Rules 13a-15(b) or 15d‑15(b) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. Based on their review, such officers have concluded that the disclosure controls and
procedures are effective in ensuring that information required to be disclosed in this report is appropriately recorded, processed, summarized and reported and made known to them by others within the Registrant and by the Registrant’s
service provider.
|
(b)
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There were no changes in the Registrant's internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rule 30a-3(d) under the Act) that occurred during the second fiscal quarter of the period covered by this report that has materially
affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the Registrant's internal control over financial reporting.
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Item 12. Disclosure of Securities Lending Activities for Closed-End Management Investment Companies.
The registrant did not engage in securities lending activities during the fiscal year reported on this Form N-CSR.
Item 13. Exhibits.
(3) Any written solicitation to purchase securities under Rule 23c‑1 under the Act sent or given during the period covered by the report by or on behalf of the registrant to 10 or
more persons. None.
(4) Change in the registrant’s independent public accountant. There was no change in the registrant’s independent public accountant for the period covered by this report.
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and the Investment Company Act of 1940, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly
authorized.
(Registrant) Special Opportunities Fund, Inc.
By (Signature and Title)* /s/Andrew Dakos
Andrew Dakos, President
Date March 1, 2022
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and the Investment Company Act of 1940, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities
and on the dates indicated.
By (Signature and Title)* /s/Andrew Dakos
Andrew Dakos, President
Date March 1, 2022
By (Signature and Title)* /s/Thomas Antonucci
Thomas Antonucci, Chief Financial Officer
Date March 1, 2022
* Print the name and title of each signing officer under his or her signature.