MPWR Monolithic Power Systems Inc

Monolithic Power Systems, Inc. (“MPS”) (Nasdaq: MPWR), a fabless global company that provides high-performance, semiconductor-based power electronics solutions, today announced financial results for the quarter ended March 31, 2024.

• Revenue was $457.9 million for the quarter ended March 31, 2024, a 0.9% increase from $454.0 million for the quarter ended December 31, 2023 and a 1.5% increase from $451.1 million for the quarter ended March 31, 2023.  

• GAAP gross margin was 55.1% for the quarter ended March 31, 2024, compared with 57.4% for the quarter ended March 31, 2023.  

• Non-GAAP gross margin (1) was 55.7% for the quarter ended March 31, 2024, excluding the impact of $1.9 million for stock-based compensation and related expenses, $0.4 million for deferred compensation plan expense and $0.3 million for amortization of acquisition-related intangible assets, compared with 57.7% for the quarter ended March 31, 2023, excluding the impact of $1.1 million for stock-based compensation expense and $0.2 million for deferred compensation plan expense.   

• GAAP operating expenses were $157.0 million for the quarter ended March 31, 2024, compared with $134.5 million for the quarter ended March 31, 2023.  

• Non-GAAP operating expenses (1) were $103.4 million for the quarter ended March 31, 2024, excluding $49.9 million for stock-based compensation and related expenses and $3.6 million for deferred compensation plan expense, compared with $96.0 million for the quarter ended March 31, 2023, excluding $35.9 million for stock-based compensation expense and $2.6 million for deferred compensation plan expense.  

• GAAP operating income was $95.5 million for the quarter ended March 31, 2024, compared with $124.3 million for the quarter ended March 31, 2023.  

• Non-GAAP operating income (1) was $151.6 million for the quarter ended March 31, 2024, excluding $51.8 million for stock-based compensation and related expenses, $4.1 million for deferred compensation plan expense and $0.3 million for amortization of acquisition-related intangible assets, compared with $164.1 million for the quarter ended March 31, 2023, excluding $37.0 million for stock-based compensation expense and $2.8 million for deferred compensation plan expense.  

• GAAP other income, net, was $9.5 million for the quarter ended March 31, 2024, compared with $5.3 million for the quarter ended March 31, 2023.  

• Non-GAAP other income, net (1) was $5.5 million for the quarter ended March 31, 2024, excluding $4.0 million for deferred compensation plan income, compared with $2.8 million for the quarter ended March 31, 2023, excluding $2.5 million for deferred compensation plan income.  

• GAAP income before income taxes was $105.0 million for the quarter ended March 31, 2024, compared with $129.6 million for the quarter ended March 31, 2023.

• Non-GAAP income before income taxes (1) was $157.1 million for the quarter ended March 31, 2024, excluding $51.8 million for stock-based compensation and related expenses and $0.3 million for amortization of acquisition-related intangible assets, compared with $166.9 million for the quarter ended March 31, 2023, excluding $37.0 million for stock-based compensation expense and $0.3 million for net deferred compensation plan expense.  

• GAAP net income was $92.5 million and $1.89 per diluted share for the quarter ended March 31, 2024. Comparatively, GAAP net income was $109.8 million and $2.26 per diluted share for the quarter ended March 31, 2023.  

• Non-GAAP net income (1) was $137.5 million and $2.81 per diluted share for the quarter ended March 31, 2024, excluding $51.8 million for stock-based compensation and related expenses, $0.3 million for amortization of acquisition-related intangible assets and $7.2 million for related tax effects, compared with $146.0 million and $3.00 per diluted share for the quarter ended March 31, 2023, excluding $37.0 million for stock-based compensation expense, $0.3 million for net deferred compensation plan expense and $1.1 million for related tax effects.

The following is a summary of revenue by end market (in thousands):

		Three Months Ended March 31,
End Market		2024				2023
Enterprise Data		$	149,727			$	47,163
Storage and Computing			106,121				119,822
Automotive			87,092				105,342
Communications			46,645				67,906
Consumer			38,074				63,363
Industrial			30,226				47,469
Total		$	457,885			$	451,065

The following is a summary of revenue by product family (in thousands):

		Three Months Ended March 31,
Product Family		2024				2023
DC to DC		$	415,975			$	425,181
Lighting Control			41,910				25,884
Total		$	457,885			$	451,065

“We saw consistent improvement through the first quarter, but we continue to be cautious about second half 2024 business conditions. Overall, our proven, long-term growth strategy remains intact, and we can swiftly adapt to market changes as they occur,” said Michael Hsing, CEO and founder of MPS.

Business Outlook

The following are MPS’s financial targets for the second quarter ending June 30, 2024:

• Revenue in the range of $480.0 million to $500.0 million.

• GAAP gross margin between 55.1% and 55.7%. Non-GAAP gross margin (1) between 55.4% and 56.0%, which excludes the impact from stock-based compensation and related expenses as well as the impact from amortization of acquisition-related intangible assets.

• GAAP operating expenses between $147.9 million and $151.9 million. Non-GAAP operating expenses (1) between $106.1 million and $108.1 million, which excludes estimated stock-based compensation and related expenses in the range of $41.8 million to $43.8 million.

• Total stock-based compensation and related expenses of $43.2 million to $45.2 million.

• Other income of $5.3 million to $5.7 million before foreign exchange gains or losses.

• Non-GAAP tax rate of 12.5% for 2024.

• Fully diluted shares outstanding between 48.8 million and 49.2 million.

(1) Non-GAAP net income, non-GAAP net income per share, non-GAAP gross margin, non-GAAP operating expenses, non-GAAP other income, net, non-GAAP operating income and non-GAAP income before income taxes differ from net income, net income per share, gross margin, operating expenses, other income, net, operating income and income before income taxes determined in accordance with U.S. Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (“GAAP”). Non-GAAP net income and non-GAAP net income per share exclude the effect of stock-based compensation and related expenses, which include stock-based compensation expense and employer payroll taxes in relation to the stock-based compensation, net deferred compensation plan expense, amortization of acquisition-related intangible assets and related tax effects. Non-GAAP gross margin excludes the effect of stock-based compensation and related expenses, amortization of acquisition-related intangible assets and deferred compensation plan expense. Non-GAAP operating expenses exclude the effect of stock-based compensation and related expenses, amortization of acquisition-related intangible assets and deferred compensation plan expense. Non-GAAP operating income excludes the effect of stock-based compensation and related expenses, amortization of acquisition-related intangible assets and deferred compensation plan expense. Non-GAAP other income, net excludes the effect of deferred compensation plan income. Non-GAAP income before income taxes excludes the effect of stock-based compensation and related expenses, amortization of acquisition-related intangible assets and net deferred compensation plan expense. Projected non-GAAP gross margin excludes the effect of stock-based compensation and related expenses, and amortization of acquisition-related intangible assets. Projected non-GAAP operating expenses exclude the effect of stock-based compensation and related expenses. These non-GAAP financial measures are not prepared in accordance with GAAP and should not be considered as a substitute for, or superior to, measures of financial performance prepared in accordance with GAAP. A schedule reconciling non-GAAP financial measures is included at the end of this press release. MPS utilizes both GAAP and non-GAAP financial measures to assess what it believes to be its core operating performance and to evaluate and manage its internal business and assist in making financial operating decisions. MPS believes that the inclusion of non-GAAP financial measures, together with GAAP measures, provides investors with an alternative presentation useful to investors’ understanding of MPS’s core operating results and trends. Additionally, MPS believes that the inclusion of non-GAAP measures, together with GAAP measures, provides investors with an additional dimension of comparability to similar companies. However, investors should be aware that non-GAAP financial measures utilized by other companies are not likely to be comparable in most cases to the non-GAAP financial measures used by MPS.

Earnings Commentary Earnings commentary on the results of operations for the quarter ended March 31, 2024 is available under the Investor Relations page on the MPS website.

Earnings Webinar MPS plans to host a question-and-answer conference call covering its financial results at 2:00 p.m. PT / 5:00 p.m. ET, May 1, 2024. You can access the conference call at: https://mpsic.zoom.us/j/95055935379. The conference call will be archived and available for replay for one year under the Investor Relations page on the MPS website.

Safe Harbor Statement This press release contains, and statements that will be made during the accompanying webinar will contain, forward-looking statements, as that term is defined in the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, including under the sections “Business Outlook” and the quote from our CEO herein, including, among other things, (i) projected revenue, GAAP and non-GAAP gross margin, GAAP and non-GAAP operating expenses, stock-based compensation and related expenses, amortization of acquisition-related intangible assets, other income before foreign exchange gains or losses, and fully diluted shares outstanding, (ii) our outlook for the second quarter of fiscal year 2024 and the near-term, medium-term and long-term prospects of MPS, including our ability to adapt to changing market conditions, performance against our business plan, our ability to grow despite the softening in our business, our industry and the global economic environment, revenue growth in certain of our market segments, potential new business segments, our continued investment in research and development (“R&D”), expected revenue growth, customers’ acceptance of our new product offerings, the prospects of our new product development, our expectations regarding market and industry segment trends and prospects, and our projected expansion of capacity and the impact it may have on our business, (iii) our ability to penetrate new markets and expand our market share, (iv) the seasonality of our business, (v) our ability to reduce our expenses, and (vi) statements regarding the assumptions underlying or relating to any statement described in (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), or (v). These forward-looking statements are not historical facts or guarantees of future performance or events, are based on current expectations, estimates, beliefs, assumptions, goals, and objectives, and involve significant known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors that may cause actual results to be materially different from the results expressed by these statements. Readers of this press release and listeners to the accompanying conference call are cautioned not to place undue reliance on any forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date hereof. Factors that could cause actual results to differ include, but are not limited to, continued downturn in the global economy, including due to the Russia-Ukraine and Middle East conflicts, inflation, consumer sentiment and other factors; adverse events arising from orders or regulations of governmental entities, including such orders or regulations that impact our customers or suppliers, and adoption of new or amended accounting standards; adverse changes in laws and government regulations such as tariffs on imports of foreign goods, export regulations and export classifications, including in foreign countries where MPS has offices or operations; the effect of export controls, trade and economic sanctions regulations and other regulatory or contractual limitations on our ability to sell or develop our products in certain foreign markets, particularly in China; our ability to obtain governmental licenses and approvals for international trading activities or technology transfers, including export licenses; acceptance of, or demand for, our products, in particular the new products launched recently, being different than expected; our ability to increase market share in our targeted markets; difficulty in predicting or budgeting for future customer demand and channel inventories, expenses and financial contingencies (including as a result of any continuing impact from the Russia-Ukraine and Middle East conflicts); our ability to efficiently and effectively develop new products and receive a return on our R&D expense investment; our ability to attract new customers and retain existing customers; our ability to meet customer demand for our products due to constraints on our third-party suppliers’ ability to manufacture sufficient quantities of our products or otherwise; our ability to expand manufacturing capacity to support future growth; adverse changes in production and testing efficiency of our products; any political, cultural, military, regulatory, economic, foreign exchange and operational changes in China, where a significant portion of our manufacturing capacity comes from; any market disruptions or interruptions in our schedule of new product development releases; our ability to manage our inventory levels; adequate supply of our products from our third-party manufacturing partners; adverse changes or developments in the semiconductor industry generally, which is cyclical in nature, and our ability to adjust our operations to address such changes or developments; the ongoing consolidation of companies in the semiconductor industry; competition generally and the increasingly competitive nature of our industry; our ability to realize the anticipated benefits of companies and products that MPS acquires, and our ability to effectively and efficiently integrate these acquired companies and products into our operations; the risks, uncertainties and costs of litigation in which MPS is involved; the outcome of any upcoming trials, hearings, motions and appeals; the adverse impact on our financial performance if its tax and litigation provisions are inadequate; our ability to effectively manage our growth and attract and retain qualified personnel; the effect of epidemics and pandemics on the global economy and on our business; the risks associated with the financial market, economy and geopolitical uncertainties, including the recent collapse of certain banks in the U.S. and elsewhere and the Russia-Ukraine and Middle East conflicts; our ability to adequately remediate our material weakness; and other important risk factors identified under the caption “Risk Factors” and elsewhere in our Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) filings, including, but not limited to, our Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on February 29, 2024. MPS assumes no obligation to update the information in this press release or in the accompanying webinar.

About Monolithic Power Systems Monolithic Power Systems, Inc. (“MPS”) is a fabless global company that provides high-performance, semiconductor-based power electronics solutions. MPS’s mission is to reduce energy and material consumption to improve all aspects of quality of life. Founded in 1997 by our CEO Michael Hsing, MPS has three core strengths: deep system-level knowledge, strong semiconductor expertise, and innovative proprietary technologies in the areas of semiconductor processes, system integration, and packaging. These combined advantages enable MPS to deliver reliable, compact, and monolithic solutions that are highly energy-efficient, cost-effective, and environmentally responsible while providing a consistent return on investment to our stockholders. MPS can be contacted through its website at www.monolithicpower.com or its support offices around the world.

Monolithic Power Systems, MPS, and the MPS logo are registered trademarks of Monolithic Power Systems, Inc. in the U.S. and trademarked in certain other countries.

Contact: Bernie Blegen Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer Monolithic Power Systems, Inc. 408-826-0777 MPSInvestor.Relations@monolithicpower.com

Monolithic Power Systems, Inc. Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets (Unaudited, in thousands, except par value)
	March 31,				December 31,
	2024				2023
ASSETS
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	488,273			$	527,843
Short-term investments		798,116				580,633
Accounts receivable, net		194,428				179,858
Inventories		395,990				383,702
Other current assets		99,685				147,463
Total current assets		1,976,492				1,819,499
Property and equipment, net		375,573				368,952
Acquisition-related intangible assets, net		9,518				-
Goodwill		27,311				6,571
Deferred tax assets, net		32,784				28,054
Other long-term assets		157,023				211,277
Total assets	$	2,578,701			$	2,434,353
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable	$	103,471			$	62,958
Accrued compensation and related benefits		70,541				56,286
Other accrued liabilities		137,868				115,791
Total current liabilities		311,880				235,035
Income tax liabilities		66,337				60,724
Other long-term liabilities		86,927				88,655
Total liabilities		465,144				384,414
Commitments and contingencies
Stockholders’ equity:
Common stock and additional paid-in capital: $0.001 par value; shares authorized: 150,000; shares issued and outstanding: 48,667 and 48,028, respectively		1,176,382				1,129,937
Retained earnings		977,724				947,064
Accumulated other comprehensive loss		(40,549	)			(27,062	)
Total stockholders’ equity		2,113,557				2,049,939
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity	$	2,578,701			$	2,434,353

Monolithic Power Systems, Inc. Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations (Unaudited, in thousands, except per share amounts)
	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2024				2023
Revenue	$	457,885			$	451,065
Cost of revenue		205,444				192,285
Gross profit		252,441				258,780
Operating expenses:
Research and development		75,990				63,709
Selling, general and administrative		80,964				70,795
Total operating expenses		156,954				134,504
Operating income		95,487				124,276
Other income, net		9,540				5,297
Income before income taxes		105,027				129,573
Income tax expense		12,486				19,771
Net income	$	92,541			$	109,802
Net income per share:
Basic	$	1.90			$	2.32
Diluted	$	1.89			$	2.26
Weighted-average shares outstanding:
Basic		48,635				47,234
Diluted		48,928				48,655

SUPPLEMENTAL FINANCIAL INFORMATIONSTOCK-BASED COMPENSATION EXPENSE(Unaudited, in thousands)
	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2024				2023
Cost of revenue	$	1,398			$	1,147
Research and development		10,447				8,614
Selling, general and administrative		34,081				27,248
Total stock-based compensation expense	$	45,926			$	37,009

RECONCILIATION OF NET INCOME TO NON-GAAP NET INCOME(Unaudited, in thousands, except per share amounts)
	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2024				2023
Net income	$	92,541			$	109,802
Adjustments to reconcile net income to non-GAAP net income:
Stock-based compensation and related expenses*		51,769				37,009
Amortization of acquisition-related intangible assets		291				33
Deferred compensation plan expense, net		47				251
Tax effect		(7,156	)			(1,087	)
Non-GAAP net income	$	137,492			$	146,008
Non-GAAP net income per share:
Basic	$	2.83			$	3.09
Diluted	$	2.81			$	3.00
Shares used in the calculation of non-GAAP net income per share:
Basic		48,635				47,234
Diluted		48,928				48,655

*Prior period excludes stock-based compensation related employer payroll taxes from non-GAAP measures due to immateriality.

RECONCILIATION OF GROSS MARGIN TO NON-GAAP GROSS MARGIN(Unaudited, in thousands)
	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2024				2023
Gross profit	$	252,441			$	258,780
Gross margin		55.1	%			57.4	%
Adjustments to reconcile gross profit to non-GAAP gross profit:
Stock-based compensation and related expenses*		1,900				1,147
Amortization of acquisition-related intangible assets		258				-
Deferred compensation plan expense		440				181
Non-GAAP gross profit	$	255,039			$	260,108
Non-GAAP gross margin		55.7	%			57.7	%

*Prior period excludes stock-based compensation related employer payroll taxes from non-GAAP measures due to immateriality.

RECONCILIATION OF OPERATING EXPENSES TO NON-GAAP OPERATING EXPENSES(Unaudited, in thousands)
	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2024				2023
Total operating expenses	$	156,954			$	134,504
Adjustments to reconcile total operating expenses to non-GAAP total operating expenses:
Stock-based compensation and related expenses*		(49,869	)			(35,862	)
Amortization of acquisition-related intangible assets		(33	)			(33	)
Deferred compensation plan expense		(3,626	)			(2,604	)
Non-GAAP operating expenses	$	103,426			$	96,005

*Prior period excludes stock-based compensation related employer payroll taxes from non-GAAP measures due to immateriality.

RECONCILIATION OF OPERATING INCOME TO NON-GAAP OPERATING INCOME(Unaudited, in thousands)
	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2024				2023
Total operating income	$	95,487			$	124,276
Adjustments to reconcile total operating income to non-GAAP total operating income:
Stock-based compensation and related expenses*		51,769				37,009
Amortization of acquisition-related intangible assets		291				33
Deferred compensation plan expense		4,066				2,785
Non-GAAP operating income	$	151,613			$	164,103

*Prior period excludes stock-based compensation related employer payroll taxes from non-GAAP measures due to immateriality.

RECONCILIATION OF OTHER INCOME, NET, TO NON-GAAP OTHER INCOME, NET(Unaudited, in thousands)
	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2024				2023
Total other income, net	$	9,540			$	5,297
Adjustments to reconcile other income, net to non-GAAP other income, net:
Deferred compensation plan income		(4,019	)			(2,534	)
Non-GAAP other income, net	$	5,521			$	2,763

RECONCILIATION OF INCOME BEFORE INCOME TAXES TO NON-GAAP INCOME BEFORE INCOME TAXES(Unaudited, in thousands)
	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2024				2023
Total income before income taxes	$	105,027			$	129,573
Adjustments to reconcile income before income taxes to non-GAAP income before income taxes:
Stock-based compensation and related expenses*		51,769				37,009
Amortization of acquisition-related intangible assets		291				33
Deferred compensation plan expense, net		47				251
Non-GAAP income before income taxes	$	157,134			$	166,866

*Prior period excludes stock-based compensation related employer payroll taxes from non-GAAP measures due to immateriality.

2024 SECOND QUARTER OUTLOOKRECONCILIATION OF GROSS MARGIN TO NON-GAAP GROSS MARGIN(Unaudited)
	Three Months Ending
	June 30, 2024
	Low				High
Gross margin		55.1	%			55.7	%
Adjustment to reconcile gross margin to non-GAAP gross margin:
Stock-based compensation and other expenses		0.3	%			0.3	%
Non-GAAP gross margin		55.4	%			56.0	%

RECONCILIATION OF OPERATING EXPENSES TO NON-GAAP OPERATING EXPENSES(Unaudited, in thousands)
	Three Months Ending
	June 30, 2024
	Low				High
Operating expenses	$	147,900			$	151,900
Adjustments to reconcile operating expenses to non-GAAP operating expenses:
Stock-based compensation and related expenses		(41,800	)			(43,800	)
Non-GAAP operating expenses	$	106,100			$	108,100

Monolithic Power Systems

Q1’24 Earnings Commentary

Monolithic Power Systems to Report First Quarter Results on May 1, 2024 MPS will report its results after the market closes on May 1, 2024 and host a question-and-answer conference call at 2:00 p.m. PT / 5:00 p.m. ET. The live event will be held via a Zoom webcast, which can be accessed at https://mpsic.zoom.us/j/95055935379.

Q1 2024 Financial Summary					(Unaudited)
GAAP
	Q1'24	Q4'23	Q1'23		QoQ Change	YoY Change
Revenue ($k)	$457,885	$454,012	$451,065		Up 0.9%	Up 1.5%
Gross Margin	55.1%	55.3%	57.4%		Down 0.2 pts	Down 2.3 pts
Opex ($k)	$156,954	$141,554	$134,504		Up 10.9%	Up 16.7%
Operating Margin	20.9%	24.1%	27.6%		Down 3.2 pts	Down 6.7 pts
Net income ($k)	$92,541	$96,905	$109,802		Down 4.5%	Down 15.7%
Diluted EPS	$1.89	$1.98	$2.26		Down 4.5%	Down 16.4%

Non-GAAP
	Q1'24	Q4'23	Q1'23		QoQ Change	YoY Change
Revenue ($k)	$457,885	$454,012	$451,065		Up 0.9%	Up 1.5%
Gross Margin	55.7%	55.7%	57.7%		Flat	Down 2.0 pts
Opex ($k)	$103,426	$96,745	$96,005		Up 6.9%	Up 7.7%
Operating Margin	33.1%	34.4%	36.4%		Down 1.3 pts	Down 3.3 pts
Net income ($k)	$137,492	$140,852	$146,008		Down 2.4%	Down 5.8%
Diluted EPS	$2.81	$2.88	$3.00		Down 2.4%	Down 6.3%

Revenue by End Market
		Revenue			YoY Change			% of Total Rev
End Market ($M)		Q1’24	Q1’23		$	%		Q1’24	Q1’23
Storage & Computing		$106.1	$119.8		(13.7)	(11.4%)		23.2%	26.6%
Enterprise Data		149.7	47.2		102.5	217.2%		32.7%	10.5%
Automotive		87.1	105.3		(18.2)	(17.3%)		19.0%	23.3%
Industrial		30.2	47.5		(17.3)	(36.4%)		6.6%	10.5%
Communications		46.7	67.9		(21.2)	(31.2%)		10.2%	15.1%
Consumer		38.1	63.4		(25.3)	(39.9%)		8.3%	14.1%
Total		$457.9	$451.1		6.8	1.5%		100%	100%

Ongoing Business Conditions

Our financial performance improved in the first quarter of 2024 with revenue up both sequentially and from the first quarter of 2023. Ordering patterns consistently trended upward through the quarter. Visibility into the second half of 2024, however, is limited and many customers remain cautious.

Despite this uncertainty around the second half of 2024, customer engagement across all our end markets remains very high and our design win pipeline continues to grow stronger. Additionally, we are continuing to expand our product portfolio and diversify our supply chain globally. We believe both actions position our company for further growth as the market improves.

“We saw consistent improvement through the first quarter, but we continue to be cautious about second half 2024 business conditions. Overall, our proven, long-term growth strategy remains intact, and we can swiftly adapt to market changes as they occur,” said Michael Hsing, CEO and founder of MPS.

Revenue

MPS reported first quarter revenue of $457.9 million, 0.9% higher than the fourth quarter of 2023 and 1.5% higher than the first quarter of 2023. Compared with the fourth quarter of 2023, sales in Enterprise Data and Communications improved sequentially.

In our Enterprise Data market, first quarter 2024 revenue of $149.7 million increased 16.2% from the fourth quarter of 2023 primarily from growth in sales supporting server solutions. First quarter 2024 Enterprise Data revenue was up 217.2% year over year. Enterprise Data revenue represented 32.7% of MPS's first quarter 2024 revenue compared with 10.5% in the first quarter of 2023.

First quarter 2024 Communications revenue of $46.7 million was up 14.0% percent from the fourth quarter of 2023 primarily reflecting higher network sales. First quarter 2024 Communications revenue was down 31.2% year over year. Communications sales represented 10.2% of our total first quarter 2024 revenue compared with 15.1% in the first quarter of 2023.

First quarter Automotive revenue of $87.1 million decreased 3.0% from the fourth quarter of 2023 primarily due to lower digital cockpit sales. First quarter 2024 Automotive revenue was down 17.3% year over year. Automotive revenue represented 19.0% of MPS’s first quarter 2024 revenue compared with 23.3% in the first quarter of 2023.

Storage and Computing revenue of $106.1 million decreased 9.5% from the fourth quarter of 2023. The sequential revenue reduction was primarily from lower sales of products for storage solutions. First quarter 2024 Storage and Computing revenue was down 11.4% year over year. Storage and Computing revenue represented 23.2% of MPS’s first quarter 2024 revenue compared with 26.6% in the first quarter of 2023.

First quarter 2024 Industrial revenue of $30.2 million decreased 9.4% from the fourth quarter of 2023 due to lower point of sale applications. First quarter 2024 Industrial revenue was down 36.4% year over year. Industrial revenue represented 6.6% of our total first quarter 2024 revenue compared with 10.5% in the first quarter of 2023.

First quarter Consumer revenue of $38.1 million decreased 13.0% from the fourth quarter of 2023 primarily from lower gaming revenue. First quarter 2024 Consumer revenue was down 39.9% year over year. Consumer revenue represented 8.3% of MPS’s first quarter 2024 revenue compared with 14.1% in the first quarter of 2023.

Gross Margin & Operating Income

GAAP gross margin was 55.1%, 20 basis points lower than the fourth quarter of 2023. The quarter-over-quarter decrease was attributed primarily to an unfavorable product mix. Our GAAP operating income was approximately $95.5 million compared to $109.6 million reported in the fourth quarter of 2023.

Non-GAAP gross margin for the first quarter of 2024 was 55.7%, flat to the fourth quarter of 2023. Our non-GAAP operating income was $151.6 million compared to $156.1 million reported in the fourth quarter of 2023.

Operating Expenses

Our GAAP operating expenses were $157.0 million in the first quarter of 2024 compared with $141.6 million in the fourth quarter of 2023.

Our Non-GAAP first quarter 2024 operating expenses were approximately $103.4 million, up from $96.7 million in the fourth quarter of 2023.

The differences between non-GAAP operating expenses and GAAP operating expenses for the quarters discussed here are primarily stock compensation and related expense and deferred compensation plan expense.

For the first quarter of 2024, total stock compensation and related expenses, including approximately $1.9 million charged to cost of goods sold, was $51.8 million compared with $41.1 million recorded in the fourth quarter of 2023.

The Bottom Line

First quarter 2024 GAAP net income was $92.5 million or $1.89 per fully diluted share, compared with $96.9 million or $1.98 per share in the fourth quarter of 2023.

First quarter 2024 non-GAAP net income was $137.5 million or $2.81 per fully diluted share, compared with $140.9 million or $2.88 cents per fully diluted share in the fourth quarter of 2023.

There were 48.9 million fully diluted shares outstanding at the end of the first quarter of 2024.

Balance Sheet and Cash Flow

Cash, cash equivalents and investments were $1.29 billion at the end of the first quarter of 2024 compared to $1.11 billion at the end of the fourth quarter of 2023. For the quarter, MPS generated operating cash flow of approximately $248.0 million compared with the fourth quarter of 2023 operating cash flow of $153.3 million.

Accounts receivable ended the first quarter of 2024 at $194.4 million, representing 39 days of sales outstanding, which was 3 days higher than the 36 days reported at the end of the fourth quarter of 2023.

Our internal inventories at the end of the first quarter of 2024 were $396.0 million, up from $383.7 million at the end of the fourth quarter of 2023. Days of inventory of 175 days at the end of the first quarter of 2024 were 3 days higher than at the end of the fourth quarter of 2023.

We have carefully managed our internal inventories throughout the year, balancing the uncertainty in the market with being prepared to capture market upturns when they occur. Comparing current inventory levels using next quarter’s projected revenue, days of inventory decreased to 165 days at the end of the first quarter from 170 days at the end of the fourth quarter of 2023.

Selected Balance Sheet and Inventory Data (Q1’24 Unaudited)
	Q1'24	Q4'23	Q1'23
Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Investments	$1,287 M	$1,109 M	$ 919 M
Operating Cash Flow	$248.0 M	$153.3 M	$ 218.8 M
Accounts Receivable	$194.4 M	$179.9 M	$184.3M
Days of Sales Outstanding	39 Days	36 Days	37 Days
Internal Inventories	$ 396.0 M	$ 383.7 M	$ 430.8 M
Days of Inventory (current quarter revenue)	175 Days	172 Days	204 Days
Days of Inventory (next quarter revenue)	165 Days	170 Days	203 Days

Q2’24 Business Outlook

For the second quarter of 2024 ending June 30, we are forecasting:

• Revenue in the range of $480 million to $500 million.

• GAAP gross margin in the range of 55.1% to 55.7%.

• Non-GAAP gross margin in the range of 55.4% to 56.0% which excludes the impact from stock-based compensation and related expenses as well as the impact from amortization of acquisition-related intangible assets.

• Total stock-based compensation and related expenses in the range of $43.2 million to $45.2 million including approximately $1.4 million that would be charged to cost of goods sold.

• GAAP operating expenses between $147.9 million and $151.9 million.

• Non-GAAP operating expenses in the range of $106.1 million to $108.1 million. This estimate excludes stock-based compensation and related expenses.

• Interest and other income in the range from $5.3 million to $5.7 million before foreign exchange gains or losses.

• Non-GAAP tax rate of 12.5% for 2024. 

• Fully diluted shares outstanding in the range of 48.8 to 49.2 million shares.

For further information, contact:

Bernie Blegen Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer Monolithic Power Systems, Inc. 408-826-0777 MPSInvestor.Relations@monolithicpower.com

Safe Harbor Statement

This earnings commentary contains, and statements that will be made during the accompanying webinar will contain, forward-looking statements, as that term is defined in the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, including under the “Business Outlook” section and the quote from our CEO herein, including, among other things, (i) projected revenue, GAAP and non-GAAP gross margin, GAAP and non-GAAP operating expenses, stock-based compensation and related expenses, amortization of acquisition-related intangible assets, other income before foreign exchange gains or losses, and fully diluted shares outstanding, (ii) our outlook for the second quarter of fiscal year 2024 and the near-term, medium-term and long-term prospects of MPS, including our performance against our business plan, our ability to grow despite the softening in our business, our industry and the global economic environment, revenue growth in certain of our market segments, potential new business segments, our continued investment in research and development (“R&D”), expected revenue growth, customers’ acceptance of our new product offerings, the prospects of our new product development, our expectations regarding market and industry segment trends and prospects, and our projected expansion of capacity and the impact it may have on our business, (iii) our ability to penetrate new markets and expand our market share, (iv) the seasonality of our business, (v) our ability to reduce our expenses, and (vi) statements of the assumptions underlying or relating to any statement described in (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), or (v). These forward-looking statements are not historical facts or guarantees of future performance or events, are based on current expectations, estimates, beliefs, assumptions, goals, and objectives, and involve significant known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors that may cause actual results to be materially different from the results expressed by these statements. Readers of this earnings commentary and listeners to the accompanying conference call are cautioned not to place undue reliance on any forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date hereof. Factors that could cause actual results to differ include, but are not limited to, continued downturn in the global economy, including due to the Russia-Ukraine and Middle East conflicts, inflation, consumer sentiment and other factors; adverse events arising from orders or regulations of governmental entities, including such orders or regulations that impact our customers or suppliers, and adoption of new or amended accounting standards; adverse changes in laws and government regulations such as tariffs on imports of foreign goods, export regulations and export classifications, including in foreign countries where MPS has offices or operations; the effect of export controls, trade and economic sanctions regulations and other regulatory or contractual limitations on our ability to sell or develop our products in certain foreign markets, particularly in China; our ability to obtain governmental licenses and approvals for international trading activities or technology transfers, including export licenses; acceptance of, or demand for, our products, in particular the new products launched recently, being different than expected; our ability to increase market share in our targeted markets; difficulty in predicting or budgeting for future customer demand and channel inventories, expenses and financial contingencies (including as a result of any continuing impact from the Russia-Ukraine and Middle East conflicts); our ability to efficiently and effectively develop new products and receive a return on our R&D expense investment; our ability to attract new customers and retain existing customers; our ability to meet customer demand for our products due to constraints on our third-party suppliers’ ability to manufacture sufficient quantities of our products or otherwise; our ability to expand manufacturing capacity to support future growth; adverse changes in production and testing efficiency of our products; any political, cultural, military, regulatory, economic, foreign exchange and operational changes in China, where a significant portion of our manufacturing capacity comes from; any market disruptions or interruptions in our schedule of new product development releases; our ability to manage our inventory levels; adequate supply of our products from our third-party manufacturing partners; adverse changes or developments in the semiconductor industry generally, which is cyclical in nature, and our ability to adjust our operations to address such changes or developments; the ongoing consolidation of companies in the semiconductor industry; competition generally and the increasingly competitive nature of our industry; our ability to realize the anticipated benefits of companies and products that MPS acquires, and our ability to effectively and efficiently integrate these acquired companies and products into our operations; the risks, uncertainties and costs of litigation in which MPS is involved; the outcome of any upcoming trials, hearings, motions and appeals; the adverse impact on our financial performance if its tax and litigation provisions are inadequate; our ability to effectively manage our growth and attract and retain qualified personnel; the effect of epidemics and pandemics on the global economy and on our business; the risks associated with the financial market, economy and geopolitical uncertainties, including the recent collapse of certain banks in the U.S. and elsewhere and the Russia-Ukraine and Middle East conflicts; our ability to adequately remediate our material weakness; and other important risk factors identified under the caption “Risk Factors” and elsewhere in our Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) filings, including, but not limited to, our Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on February 29, 2024. MPS assumes no obligation to update the information in this earnings commentary or in the accompanying webinar.

Non-GAAP Financial Measures

This CFO Commentary contains references to certain non-GAAP financial measures. Non-GAAP net income, non-GAAP net income per share, non-GAAP gross margin, non-GAAP operating expenses, non-GAAP other income, net, non-GAAP operating income and non-GAAP income before income taxes differ from net income, net income per share, gross margin, operating expenses, other income, net, operating income and income before income taxes determined in accordance with U.S. Generally Accepted Accounting Principles(“GAAP”). Non- GAAP net income and non-GAAP net income per share exclude the effect of stock-based compensation and related expenses, which include stock-based compensation and employer payroll taxes in relation to the stock-based compensation, net deferred compensation plan expense, amortization of acquisition-related intangible assets and related tax effects. Non-GAAP gross margin excludes the effect of stock-based compensation and related expenses, amortization of acquisition-related intangible assets and deferred compensation plan expense. Non-GAAP operating expenses exclude the effect of stock-based compensation and related expenses, amortization of acquisition-related intangible assets and deferred compensation plan expense. Non-GAAP operating income excludes the effect of stock-based compensation and related expenses, amortization of acquisition-related intangible assets and deferred compensation plan expense. Non-GAAP other income, net excludes the effect of deferred compensation plan income. Non-GAAP income before income taxes excludes the effect of stock-based compensation and related expenses, amortization of acquisition-related intangible assets and net deferred compensation plan expense. Projected non-GAAP gross margin excludes the effect of stock-based compensation and related expenses, as well as the amortization of acquisition-related intangible assets. Projected non-GAAP operating expenses exclude the effect of stock-based compensation and related expenses. These non-GAAP financial measures are not prepared in accordance with GAAP and should not be considered as a substitute for, or superior to, measures of financial performance prepared in accordance with GAAP. A schedule reconciling non-GAAP financial measures is included at the end of this press release. MPS utilizes both GAAP and non-GAAP financial measures to assess what it believes to be its core operating performance and to evaluate and manage its internal business and assist in making financial operating decisions. MPS believes that the inclusion of non-GAAP financial measures, together with GAAP measures, provides investors with an alternative presentation useful to investors’ understanding of MPS’s core operating results and trends. Additionally, MPS believes that the inclusion of non-GAAP measures, together with GAAP measures, provides investors with an additional dimension of comparability to similar companies. However, investors should be aware that non-GAAP financial measures utilized by other companies are not likely to be comparable in most cases to the non-GAAP financial measures used by MPS.

RECONCILIATION OF NET INCOME TO NON-GAAP NET INCOME(Unaudited, in thousands, except per share amounts)
	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2024				2023
Net income	$	92,541			$	109,802
Adjustments to reconcile net income to non-GAAP net income:
Stock-based compensation and related expenses*		51,769				37,009
Amortization of acquisition-related intangible assets		291				33
Deferred compensation plan expense, net		47				251
Tax effect		(7,156	)			(1,087	)
Non-GAAP net income	$	137,492			$	146,008
Non-GAAP net income per share:
Basic	$	2.83			$	3.09
Diluted	$	2.81			$	3.00
Shares used in the calculation of non-GAAP net income per share:
Basic		48,635				47,234
Diluted		48,928				48,655

*Prior period excludes stock-based compensation related employer payroll taxes from non-GAAP measures due to immateriality.

RECONCILIATION OF GROSS MARGIN TO NON-GAAP GROSS MARGIN(Unaudited, in thousands)
	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2024				2023
Gross profit	$	252,441			$	258,780
Gross margin		55.1	%			57.4	%
Adjustments to reconcile gross profit to non-GAAP gross profit:
Stock-based compensation and related expenses*		1,900				1,147
Amortization of acquisition-related intangible assets		258				-
Deferred compensation plan expense		440				181
Non-GAAP gross profit	$	255,039			$	260,108
Non-GAAP gross margin		55.7	%			57.7	%

*Prior period excludes stock-based compensation related employer payroll taxes from non-GAAP measures due to immateriality.

RECONCILIATION OF OPERATING EXPENSES TO NON-GAAP OPERATING EXPENSES(Unaudited, in thousands)
	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2024				2023
Total operating expenses	$	156,954			$	134,504
Adjustments to reconcile total operating expenses to non-GAAP total operating expenses:
Stock-based compensation and related expenses*		(49,869	)			(35,862	)
Amortization of acquisition-related intangible assets		(33	)			(33	)
Deferred compensation plan expense		(3,626	)			(2,604	)
Non-GAAP operating expenses	$	103,426			$	96,005

*Prior period excludes stock-based compensation related employer payroll taxes from non-GAAP measures due to immateriality.

RECONCILIATION OF OPERATING INCOME TO NON-GAAP OPERATING INCOME(Unaudited, in thousands)
	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2024				2023
Total operating income	$	95,487			$	124,276
Adjustments to reconcile total operating income to non-GAAP total operating income:
Stock-based compensation and related expenses*		51,769				37,009
Amortization of acquisition-related intangible assets		291				33
Deferred compensation plan expense		4,066				2,785
Non-GAAP operating income	$	151,613			$	164,103

*Prior period excludes stock-based compensation related employer payroll taxes from non-GAAP measures due to immateriality.

RECONCILIATION OF OTHER INCOME, NET, TO NON-GAAP OTHER INCOME, NET(Unaudited, in thousands)
	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2024				2023
Total other income, net	$	9,540			$	5,297
Adjustments to reconcile other income, net to non-GAAP other income, net:
Deferred compensation plan income		(4,019	)			(2,534	)
Non-GAAP other income, net	$	5,521			$	2,763

RECONCILIATION OF INCOME BEFORE INCOME TAXES TO NON-GAAP INCOME BEFORE INCOME TAXES(Unaudited, in thousands)
	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2024				2023
Total income before income taxes	$	105,027			$	129,573
Adjustments to reconcile income before income taxes to non-GAAP income before income taxes:
Stock-based compensation and related expenses*		51,769				37,009
Amortization of acquisition-related intangible assets		291				33
Deferred compensation plan expense, net		47				251
Non-GAAP income before income taxes	$	157,134			$	166,866

*Prior period excludes stock-based compensation related employer payroll taxes from non-GAAP measures due to immateriality.

2024 SECOND QUARTER OUTLOOKRECONCILIATION OF GROSS MARGIN TO NON-GAAP GROSS MARGIN(Unaudited)
	Three Months Ending
	June 30, 2024
	Low				High
Gross margin		55.1	%			55.7	%
Adjustment to reconcile gross margin to non-GAAP gross margin:
Stock-based compensation and other expenses		0.3				0.3
Non-GAAP gross margin		55.4	%			56.0	%

RECONCILIATION OF OPERATING EXPENSES TO NON-GAAP OPERATING EXPENSES(Unaudited, in thousands)
	Three Months Ending
	June 30, 2024
	Low				High
Operating expenses	$	147,900			$	151,900
Adjustments to reconcile operating expenses to non-GAAP operating expenses:
Stock-based compensation and related expenses		(41,800	)			(43,800	)
Non-GAAP operating expenses	$	106,100			$	108,100