Filed Pursuant to Rule 424(b)(5)
Registration No. 333-252441
PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT
(To Prospectus Dated March 3, 2022)
5,263,158 Common Shares
We are offering 5,263,158
common shares pursuant to this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus. The purchase price of each common share to the purchaser
identified in the securities purchase agreement dated October 30, 2024, by and among us and the purchaser listed on the signature pages
thereto (the “SPA”) is $0.95 per share.
Our common shares are listed
on The Nasdaq Capital Market under the symbol “TLSA.” On October 30, 2024, the last reported price of the common shares on
The Nasdaq Capital Market was $1.18 per share.
Pursuant to the SPA, the purchaser
has the right, in its sole discretion, to purchase an additional 5,263,158 common shares from us for a period of seventy-five (75) days
after the date hereof at the same price per share.
We have engaged Titan Partners
Group LLC, a division of American Capital Partners, LLC, to act as our exclusive placement agent (the “Placement Agent”) in
connection with this offering. The Placement Agent is not purchasing or selling any of the securities offered pursuant to this prospectus
supplement and the accompanying prospectus and the Placement Agent is not required to arrange the purchase or sale of any specific number
of securities or dollar amount and has agreed to use its reasonable best efforts to sell the securities offered by this prospectus supplement
and the accompanying prospectus. We have agreed to pay the Placement Agent certain cash fees set forth in the table below, which assumes
that we sell all of the securities we are offering pursuant to this prospectus supplement and accompanying prospectus, other than those
covered by the purchaser’s option described above. See “Plan of Distribution” beginning on page S-12 of this prospectus
supplement for additional information with respect to the compensation we will pay the Placement Agent.
Investing in the common
shares involves a high degree of risk. Before buying any securities, you should carefully consider the risk factors described in “Risk
Factors” beginning on page S-5 of this prospectus supplement, page 7 of the accompanying prospectus and in the
documents incorporated by reference into this prospectus supplement.
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Per Share | | |
Total | |
Offering Price | |
$ | 0.95 | | |
$ | 5,000,000 | |
Placement Agent fees (1) | |
$ | 0.07125 | | |
$ | 375,000 | |
Proceeds, before expenses, to us | |
$ | 0.87875 | | |
$ | 4,625,000 | |
(1) |
Consists of a cash fee of 7.5% of the aggregate gross proceeds in this offering. We have also agreed to reimburse the Placement Agent for certain expenses incurred in connection with this offering, See “Plan of Distribution” beginning on page S-12 of this prospectus supplement for additional information with respect to the compensation we will pay the Placement Agent. |
Neither the Securities
and Exchange Commission nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved of these securities or determined if this prospectus
supplement or the accompanying prospectus is truthful or complete. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.
Delivery of the securities
offered hereby is expected to be made on or about November 1, 2024, subject to satisfaction of certain customary closing conditions.
Titan Partners Group
a division of American Capital Partners
The date of this prospectus supplement is October
30, 2024
TABLE OF CONTENTS
PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT
PROSPECTUS
ABOUT
THIS PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT
This prospectus supplement
and the accompanying prospectus are part of a shelf registration statement that we filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the
“Commission”) using a “shelf” registration process. This prospectus supplement amends and supplements the information
contained in the prospectus filed as a part of our registration statement on Form F-3 (File No. 333-252441), which was declared effective
as of March 3, 2022 (the “Registration Statement”). This document is in two parts. The first part is the prospectus supplement,
including the documents incorporated by reference, which describes the specific terms of this offering. The second part, the accompanying
prospectus, including the documents incorporated by reference, provides more general information. Generally, when we refer to this prospectus
supplement, we are referring to both parts of this document combined. We urge you to carefully read this prospectus supplement and the
accompanying prospectus, and the documents incorporated by reference herein and therein, before buying any of the securities being offered
under this prospectus supplement. This prospectus supplement may add, update or change information contained in the accompanying prospectus.
To the extent that any statement that we make in this prospectus supplement is inconsistent with statements made in the accompanying prospectus
or any documents incorporated by reference therein filed prior to the date of this prospectus supplement, the statements made in this
prospectus supplement will be deemed to modify or supersede those made in the accompanying prospectus and such documents incorporated
by reference therein.
Before buying any of the common
shares offered hereby, we urge you to carefully read this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus, together with the information
incorporated by reference as described under the heading “Where You Can Find More Information” and “Incorporation of
Documents by Reference.” These documents contain important information that you should consider when making your investment decision.
To the extent there is a conflict between the information contained in this prospectus supplement, on the one hand, and the information
contained in any document incorporated by reference in this prospectus that was filed with the SEC before the date of this prospectus
supplement, on the other hand, you should rely on the information in this prospectus supplement, provided that if any statement in one
of these documents is inconsistent with a statement in another document having a later date—for example, a document incorporated
by reference in this prospectus supplement—the statement in the document having the later date modifies or supersedes the earlier
statement.
“Tiziana,” the
Tiziana logo and other trademarks or service marks of Tiziana Life Sciences Ltd. appearing in this prospectus supplement are the property
of Tiziana or its subsidiaries. This prospectus supplement contains additional trade names, trademarks and service marks of others, which
are the property of their respective owners. Solely for convenience, trademarks and trade names referred to in this prospectus supplement
may appear without the ® or TM symbols.
In this prospectus supplement,
except where the context otherwise requires and for purposes of this prospectus supplement only:
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“we,” “us,” “our company,” “the Company,” “the registrant,” “our,” “Tiziana” and “Tiziana Life Sciences Ltd.” refer to Tiziana Life Sciences Ltd. and its wholly-owned subsidiaries, Tiziana Therapeutics, Inc., Tiziana Pharma Limited. and Longevia Genomics S.r.l.; |
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“shares” refer to our ordinary shares; |
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discrepancies in any table between the amounts identified as total amounts and the sum of the amounts listed therein are due to rounding. |
No action is being taken in
any jurisdiction outside the United States to permit a public offering of the common shares or possession or distribution of this prospectus
supplement in that jurisdiction. Persons who come into possession of this prospectus supplement in a jurisdiction outside of the United
States are required to inform themselves about and to observe any restrictions that are applicable to that jurisdiction, as to this offering
and the distribution of this prospectus supplement.
CAUTIONARY STATEMENT REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING
STATEMENTS
This prospectus supplement,
including the documents that we incorporate by reference, contain forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the
Securities Act and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or the Exchange Act. All statements, other than statements
of historical facts, contained in this prospectus supplement, including statements regarding our future results of operations and financial
position, business strategy, prospective products, product approvals, research and development costs, timing and likelihood of success,
plans and objectives of management for future operations, and future results of current and anticipated products, are forward-looking
statements. These statements relate to future events or to our future financial performance and involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties
and other factors which may cause our actual results, performance or achievements to be materially different from any future results,
performance or achievements expressed or implied by the forward-looking statements. The words “anticipate,” “assume,”
“believe,” “contemplate,” “continue,” “could,” “estimate,” “expect,”
“goal,” “intend,” “may,” “might,” “objective,” “plan,” “potential,”
“predict,” “project,” “positioned,” “seek,” “should,” “target,”
“will,” “would,” or the negative of these terms or other similar expressions are intended to identify forward-looking
statements, although not all forward-looking statements contain these identifying words. These forward-looking statements are based on
current expectations, estimates, forecasts and projections about our business and the industry in which we operate and management’s
beliefs and assumptions, are not guarantees of future performance or development and involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and
other factors.
Actual results or events could
differ materially from the plans, intentions and expectations disclosed in the forward-looking statements we make. As a result, any or
all of our forward-looking statements in this prospectus supplement may turn out to be inaccurate. We have included important factors
in the cautionary statements included in this prospectus supplement and the documents that we incorporate by reference, particularly in
the sections of this prospectus titled “Risk Factors,” that we believe could cause actual results or events to differ materially
from the forward-looking statements that we make. We may not actually achieve the plans, intentions or expectations disclosed in our forward-looking
statements, and you should not place undue reliance on our forward-looking statements. Moreover, we operate in a highly competitive and
rapidly changing environment in which new risks often emerge. It is not possible for our management to predict all risks, nor can we assess
the impact of all factors on our business or the extent to which any factor, or combination of factors, may cause actual results to differ
materially from those contained in any forward-looking statements we may make. Our forward-looking statements do not reflect the potential
impact of any future acquisitions, mergers, dispositions, joint ventures or investments we may make.
You should read this prospectus
supplement, the accompanying prospectus and the documents that we incorporate by reference in this prospectus supplement and have filed
as exhibits to the registration statement of which this prospectus supplement is a part completely and with the understanding that our
actual future results may be materially different from what we expect. The forward-looking statements contained in this prospectus supplement
are made as of the date on the front cover of this prospectus supplement, and we do not assume any obligation to update any forward-looking
statements except as required by applicable law and regulation.
PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT SUMMARY
This summary highlights
information contained elsewhere or incorporated by reference into this prospectus supplement. This summary does not contain all of the
information that you should consider before deciding to invest in our securities. You should read this entire prospectus supplement and
the accompanying prospectus carefully, including the “Risk Factors” section contained in this prospectus supplement, the accompanying
prospectus and our consolidated financial statements and the related notes and the other documents incorporated by reference into this
prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus.
Overview
We
are a biotechnology company that specializes in developing transformative therapies for neurodegenerative and lung diseases. Our clinical
pipeline includes drug assets for Secondary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis (SPMS), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS),
Alzheimer’s disease, and KRAS+ NSCLC. Tiziana is led by a team of highly qualified executives with extensive drug development and
commercialization experience. Our mission is to bring breakthrough therapies to patients with the aim of treating SPMS, ALS, Alzheimer’s
disease, and other CNS indications. Crohn’s Disease, lung diseases and optimizing health outcomes. We are developing transformational
formulation technologies, enabling to switch from traditional routes to alternative routes of immunotherapy to facilitate local site
of action. For example, nasal, oral and inhalation administrations to target neurodegenerative and lung diseases. We believe, if we succeed
in these alternative routes of immunotherapies that has the potential to change the way immunotherapies are currently utilized.
We
employ a lean and virtual research and development, or R&D, model using highly experienced teams of experts for each business function
to maximize value accretion by focusing resources on the drug discovery and development processes.
We
are developing foralumab, for which we in-licensed the intellectual property from Novimmune SA, or Novimmune, in December 2014, as a potential
treatment for neurodegenerative diseases such as SPMS, Crohn’s disease and delayed onset of Type I Diabetes (T1D). On November 10,
2022, we announced a short-term focus on administration of intranasal foralumab for treatment of neurodegenerative diseases, especially
SPMS, based on positive clinical findings of Expanded Access (EA) SPMS patients at Brigham and Women’s Hospital treated with intranasal
foralumab for up to 1 year. As the only fully human engineered human anti-CD3 mAb in clinical development, foralumab has significant potential
advantages such as a shorter treatment duration and reduced immunogenicity. We believe that oral or intranasal administration of foralumab
has the potential to reduce inflammation while minimizing the toxicity and related side effects. To date, foralumab has been studied in
one Phase 1 and two Phase 2a clinical trials conducted by Novimmune in 68 patients dosed by the intravenous route of administration. In
these trials, foralumab was observed to be safe and well-tolerated and produced immunologic effects consistent with potential clinical
benefit while demonstrating mild to moderate infusion related reactions, or IRRs. With completion of the intravenous dosing for Phase
2a trial in Crohn’s Disease, foralumab’s ability to modulate T-cell response enables potential extension into a wide range
of other autoimmune and inflammatory diseases, such as Graft versus Host Disease (GvHD), ulcerative colitis (UC), multiple sclerosis (MS),
T1D, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), psoriasis (PSA) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA).
On
August 15, 2023, we announced that the FDA cleared the IND application for intranasal foralumab to be studied in Alzheimer’s
disease. The clinical trial will be overseen by Brigham and Women’s Hospital.
On
September 26, 2023, we announced initiation of the Phase 2a multicenter clinical trial for treatment of non-active SPMS patients with
intranasal foralumab. We announced that we held an Investigator’s Meeting with principal
investigators at Brigham and Women’s Hospital to begin site initiation for the clinical trial. In total, six to ten new clinical
trial sites will be recruited.
On
December 19, 2023, we announced “first patient dosed” in our Phase 2a study comparing
two doses of intranasal foralumab and placebo in patients with non-active SPMS. Six investigational centers have been recruited
for this double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, with up to 18 patients per treatment arm. The primary endpoint of the trial will be the
change in microglial activation based on PET scans. Clinical evaluations include the Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS), QoL assessments,
and the Modified Fatigue Impact Scale (MFIS), which assess parameters that are essential to a patient’s everyday life. Novel immuno-biomarkers
will be measured also and assessed for predictive relevance. Central review of PET scans and images is an integral component of this study.
On
April 23, 2024, we announced that the FDA had allowed its intranasal foralumab non-active SPMS EA Program to expand from 10 patients to
a total of 30 patients. Up until April 2024, of the 10 participating patients, two patients had been dosed for more than one year and
eight additional patients had been dosed for six months, all without serious side effects. All patients had either stabilized or improved
on treatment with foralumab, and no patients have declined in key clinical measures. Additionally, 70% of these patients had seen a measurable
improvement in fatigue. These data were the first to combine PET imaging with a novel ligand, immune-biomarkers, clinical measures and
comprehensive safety data endpoints in patients receiving long-term intranasal foralumab. Patients not eligible for the Phase 2a trial
may now be considered for this expanded EA Program.
On
May 13, 2024, we announced we had submitted an FDA request to obtain Orphan Drug Designation for
intranasal foralumab for the treatment of non-active SPMS. This request would make foralumab the first therapy for na-SPMS to receive
Orphan Drug Designation. Our request is supported by clinical and non-clinical evidence of foralumab’s effectiveness in na-SPMS.
The prevalence estimates, in part, are supported from the Brigham & Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, longitudinal study,
the CLIMB data of which allowed the estimate of na-SPMS in the population. The FDA have requested further information from us with
regards to this request.
On
June 26, 2024, we announced that the FDA had allowed intranasal foralumab to be used under an EA IND in its first patient with moderate
Alzheimer’s disease. Expanded access IND’s provide a pathway for patients to gain access to investigational drugs, biologics,
and medical devices used to diagnose, monitor, or treat patients with serious diseases or conditions for which there are no comparable
or satisfactory therapy options available outside of clinical trial.
Recent Developments
On
July 24, 2024, we announced that the FDA has granted Fast Track designation for our intranasal formulation of foralumab for the treatment
of non-active SPMS.
On
August 19, 2024, we announced that Ivor Elrifi has been appointed as our new Chief Executive Officer. Dr. Elrifi was formerly the global
head of the Patent Group at Cooley since 2014 and before that the global head of Patents at Mintz Levin from 1999 – 2014. He has
counseled companies in various key industries, including pharmaceutical, biotechnology, life sciences and medical device companies, research
institutions, universities, hospitals and governments throughout the world, particularly in the US and Europe. Ivor has guided clients
in developing and implementing intellectual property strategies and in the prosecution, licensing and enforcement of patents. He has extensive
experience in advising clients on strategic transactional work and regularly counsels’ clients with respect to investments, business
development and mergers and acquisitions, including acquisition transactions involving Novartis, Eli Lilly, Biogen and Astellas.
On
September 19, 2024, we announced that the National Institutes of Health, National Institute on Aging has awarded a $4 million grant to
Dr. Howard Wiener as principal investigator at Brigham and Women’s Hospital to be the key research site, to study nasal anti-CD3
for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease.
On
October 25, 2024, we entered into an Open Market Sale Agreement℠ with Jefferies LLC, relating to the issuance and sale of our common
shares of up to $50,000,000 from time to time through or to Jefferies, acting as sales agent. The offering of our common shares pursuant
to the Sales Agreement will terminate upon the earlier of (i) the sale of all common shares subject to the Sales Agreement and (ii) the
termination of the Sales Agreement as permitted therein.
On
October 30, 2024, we announced positive results demonstrating the anti-inflammatory potential of foralumab in combination with semaglutide,
a GLP-1 agonist marketed by Novo Nordisk under the brand names Ozempic and Wegovy. The data show that the combination of nasal anti-CD3
plus semaglutide improves liver homeostasis and reduces inflammation in models of diet-induced obesity, providing a potential novel approach
to combat obesity-related inflammation, and liver inflammation and dysfunction.
Risks Associated with Our Business
Our business is subject to
numerous risks. You should read these risks before you invest in our securities. In particular, our risks include, but are not limited
to, the following:
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We may fail to demonstrate the safety and therapeutic utility of our product candidates to the satisfaction of applicable regulatory authorities, which would prevent or delay regulatory approval and commercialization. |
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We depend on enrollment of patients in our clinical trials for our product candidates and may find it difficult to enroll patients in our clinical trials, which could delay or prevent us from proceeding with clinical trials of our product candidates and could materially adversely affect our research and development efforts and business, financial condition and results of operations. |
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We have incurred net losses in every year since our inception. We anticipate that we will continue to incur losses for the foreseeable future and may never achieve or maintain profitability. |
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We need substantial additional funding to complete the development of our product candidates, which may not be available on acceptable terms, if at all. Failure to obtain this necessary capital when needed may force us to delay, limit or terminate certain of our product development, research operations or future commercialization efforts, if any. |
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We rely, and expect to continue to rely, on third parties to conduct our preclinical studies and clinical trials and for product manufacturing. If these third parties do not successfully carry out their contractual duties or meet expected deadlines, we may not be able to obtain regulatory approval for or commercialize our product candidates. |
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Our rights to develop and commercialize our product candidates are subject to the terms and conditions of licenses granted to us by others. If we fail to comply with our obligations under our existing and any future intellectual property licenses with third parties, we could lose license rights that are important to the business. |
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If our competitors are able to obtain orphan drug exclusivity for products that constitute the same drug and treat the same indications as our product candidates, we may not be able to have competing products approved by applicable regulatory authorities for a significant period of time. In addition, even if we obtain orphan drug exclusivity for any of our products, such exclusivity may not protect us from competition. |
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Healthcare legislative reform measures may have a negative impact on our business and results of operations. |
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Our common shares may be delisted from The Nasdaq Capital Market if we fail to comply with continued listing standards. |
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Because we are a foreign corporation, you may not have the same rights as a shareholder in a U.S. corporation. |
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Claims of U.S. civil liabilities may not be enforceable against us. |
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If we are a passive foreign investment company, there could be adverse U.S. federal income tax consequences to U.S. holders. |
Corporate Information
We were originally incorporated
under the laws of England and Wales on February 11, 1998 with the goal of leveraging the expertise of our management team as well
as Dr. Napoleone Ferrara, Dr. Arun Sanyal, Dr. Howard Weiner and Dr. Kevan Herold, and to acquire and exploit certain intellectual property
in biotechnology. We subsequently changed our name to Tiziana Life Sciences plc in April 2014 as a result of the acquisition of Tiziana
Pharma Limited in April 2014. On August 20, 2021 we announced that we had formally commenced a strategic
plan to change our corporate structure by establishing Tiziana Life Sciences Ltd, a Bermuda-incorporated company, to become the ultimate
parent company of the Tiziana Group. The reorganization was performed under a scheme of arrangement under Part 26 of the UK Companies
Act 2006 and became effective on October 20, 2021, at which point all shareholders became shareholders in the new Bermuda company.
Our registered office is located
at Clarendon House, 2 Church Street, Hamilton HM 11, Bermuda and our telephone number is +44 (0) 20 7495 2379. Our website address is
www.tizianalifesciences.com. The reference to our website is an inactive textual reference only and the information contained in,
or that can be accessed through, our website is not a part of this registration statement. Our agent for service of process in the United
States is Tiziana Therapeutics, Inc.
The Offering
Common shares offered by us |
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5,263,158 shares |
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Offering price |
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$0.95 per share |
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Common shares to be outstanding immediately after this offering (1)
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110,659,412 shares. |
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Use of Proceeds |
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We intend to use net proceeds from this offering towards (i) our Phase 2a clinical trial for the intra-nasal delivery of foralumab in patients with non-active secondary progressive multiple sclerosis, (ii) expediting the clinical development of foralumab in Alzheimer’s disease, (iii) developing foralumab for other indications, and (iv) for working capital and other general corporate purposes. See “Use of Proceeds” on page S-10. |
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Nasdaq Capital Market symbol |
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“TLSA.” |
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Risk Factors |
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This investment involves a high degree of risk. See “Risk Factors” beginning on page S-5 of this prospectus supplement, page 7 of the accompanying prospectus as well as the other information included in or incorporated by reference in this prospectus supplement for a discussion of risks you should consider carefully before making an investment decision. |
(1) |
The number of shares of our common shares that will be outstanding after this offering is based on 105,396,254 common shares outstanding as of October 30, 2024, and excludes as of that date: |
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7,733,754 common shares issuable upon the exercise of share options at exercise prices of between $0.50 and $3.72 per common share; |
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4,200,000
common shares issuable upon the vesting of restricted stock units (RSU’s); and |
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Up to 5,263,158 common shares that may be issued to the purchaser under
the securities purchase agreement at a price of $0.95 per share until January 13, 2025. |
Unless otherwise indicated,
this prospectus supplement reflects and assumes no exercise of outstanding share options or warrants after October 30, 2024.
RISK FACTORS
An investment in the common
shares involves a high degree of risk. Prior to making a decision about investing in these securities, you should carefully consider the
specific risks, uncertainties and assumptions discussed under the heading “Risk Factors” included in our most recent Annual
Report on Form 20-F, all of which are incorporated herein by reference, and may be amended, supplemented or superseded from time to time
by other reports we file with the SEC in the future. Our business, financial condition or results of operations could be materially adversely
affected by any of these risks which cause you to lose all or part of your investment in the offered securities. Certain statements in
this prospectus supplement, the accompanying prospectus and the documents incorporated by reference into the prospectus supplement are
forward-looking statements. Please also see the section entitled “Cautionary Statement Regarding Forward-Looking Statements.”
Risks Related to the Offering
We may lose our foreign private issuer status
in the future, which would result in significant additional costs and expenses.
In the future, we may lose
our foreign private issuer status if a majority of our shareholders and a majority of our directors or management are US citizens or residents.
If we lose our foreign private issuer status, we will have to mandatorily comply with US federal proxy requirements, and our officers,
directors and principal shareholders will become subject to the short-swing profit disclosure and recovery provisions of Section 16 of
the Exchange Act. We will be required to file periodic reports and registration statements on US domestic issuer forms containing financial
statements prepared in accordance with US generally accepted accounting principles with the SEC, which are more detailed and extensive
than the forms available to a foreign private issuer. In addition, if we lose our status as a foreign private issuer we will become subject
to the Nasdaq corporate governance requirements. As a result, the regulatory and compliance costs to us may be significantly higher if
we cease to qualify as a foreign private issuer.
Our senior management team may invest or
spend the net proceeds of this offering, if any, in ways with which you may not agree or in ways which may not yield a significant return.
Our senior management will
have broad discretion over, and we could spend, the net proceeds from this offering, if any, in ways with which the holders of common
shares may not agree or that do not yield a favorable return, if any. We expect to use our existing cash and cash equivalents and the
net proceeds from this offering, if any, (i) complete our Phase 2a clinical trial for the intra-nasal delivery of foralumab in patients
with non-active secondary progressive multiple sclerosis, (ii) to expedite the clinical development of foralumab in Alzheimer’s
disease, (iii) to develop foralumab for other indications, and (iv) for working capital and other general corporate purposes. We may also
use a portion of the net proceeds from this offering to in-license, acquire or invest in complementary businesses, technologies, products
or assets, however, we have no current commitments or obligations to do so. Furthermore, our senior management will have considerable
discretion in the application of the net proceeds, and you will not have the opportunity, as part of your investment decision, to assess
whether the net proceeds are being used appropriately. The net proceeds may be used for corporate purposes that do not improve our operating
results or enhance the value of our common shares.
We
need substantial additional funding to complete the development of our product candidates, which may not be available on acceptable terms,
if at all. Failure to obtain this necessary capital when needed may force us to delay, limit or terminate certain of our product development,
research operations or future commercialization efforts, if any.
Our
operations have consumed substantial amounts of cash since inception, and we expect our expenses to increase in connection with our ongoing
activities, particularly as we continue the R&D of, initiate further clinical trials of and seek marketing approval for, our product
candidates. In addition, if we obtain marketing approval for our product candidates, we expect to incur significant expenses related to
product sales, marketing, manufacturing and distribution. Furthermore, we expect to incur additional costs associated with operating as
a public company listed on the Nasdaq in the United States. Our future capital requirements will depend on many factors, including:
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the scope, progress, results and costs of laboratory testing, manufacturing, preclinical and clinical development for our current and future product candidates; |
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the costs, timing and outcome of regulatory review of our product candidates; |
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the extent to which we acquire or in-license and develop other product candidates and technologies; |
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our ability to establish and maintain collaborations and license agreements on favorable terms, if at all; |
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the costs, timing and outcome of potential future commercialization activities, including manufacturing, marketing, sales and distribution for our product candidates for which we receive marketing approval; |
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the costs of developing, maintaining and enforcing our intellectual property rights and defending intellectual property-related claims; and |
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the sales price and availability of adequate third-party coverage and reimbursement for our product candidates, if and when approved. |
Developing
product candidates and conducting preclinical studies and clinical trials is a time-consuming, expensive and uncertain process that takes
years to complete, and we may never generate the necessary data or results required to obtain marketing approval and achieve product sales.
In addition, our product candidates, if approved, may not achieve commercial success. Our product revenues, if any, will be derived from
or based on sales of product candidates that may not be commercially available for many years, if at all. Accordingly, we will need to
continue to rely on additional financing to achieve our business objectives. Adequate additional financing may not be available to us
on acceptable terms, if at all. To the extent that additional capital is raised through the issuance of equity or equity-linked securities,
the issuance of those securities could result in substantial dilution for our current shareholders and the terms of any future issuance
may include liquidation or other preferences that adversely affect the rights of our current shareholders. Debt financing, if available,
may involve covenants restricting our operations or our ability to incur additional debt. Any debt or additional equity financing that
we raise may contain terms that are not favorable to us or our shareholders. If we raise additional funds through collaboration and licensing
arrangements with third parties, it may be necessary to relinquish some rights to our technologies or our product candidates or grant
licenses on terms that are not favorable to us. Furthermore, the potential issuance of additional securities in the future, whether equity
or debt, by us, or the possibility of such issuance, may cause the market price of our common shares, to decline and existing shareholders
may not agree with our financing plans or the terms of such financings.
If
we are unable to obtain adequate funding on a timely basis, we may be required to significantly curtail, delay or discontinue our R&D
programs of our product candidates or any future commercialization efforts, be unable to expand our operations or be unable to otherwise
capitalize on our business opportunities, as desired, which could harm our business and potentially cause us to discontinue operations.
You will experience immediate and substantial
dilution in the net tangible book value per share of the common shares you purchase.
Based on an offering price
of $0.95 per share, and a net tangible book value of $1.9 million, or approximately $0.18 per common share, as of June 30, 2024, if you
purchase securities in this offering (excluding up to 5,263,158 common shares that may be issued to the purchaser under the securities
purchase agreement at a price of $0.95 per share until January 13, 2025), you will experience dilution of approximately $0.89 per share
in the net tangible book value of the common shares you purchase representing the difference between our as adjusted pro forma net tangible
book value per share after giving effect to this offering and the offering price per share of our common shares. The exercise of outstanding
stock options and warrants will result in further dilution of your investment.
Our common shares
may be delisted from The Nasdaq Capital Market if we fail to comply with continued listing standards.
If
we fail to meet any of the continued listing standards of The Nasdaq Capital Market, our common shares could be delisted from The Nasdaq
Capital Market. These continued listing standards include specifically enumerated criteria, such as:
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a $1.00 minimum closing bid price; |
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stockholders’ equity of $2.5 million; |
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500,000 shares of publicly-held common stock with a market value of at least $1 million; |
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300 round-lot stockholders; and |
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compliance with Nasdaq’s corporate governance requirements, as well as additional or more stringent criteria that may be applied in the exercise of Nasdaq’s discretionary authority. |
On
June 14, 2022, we received a written notice (the “Notice”) from the Nasdaq Stock Market LLC (“Nasdaq”) notifying
us that were not in compliance with Nasdaq Listing Rule 5550(a)(2) (the “Rule”), as the minimum bid price of the Company’s
common shares has been below $1.00 per share for 30 consecutive business days. On December 13, 2022, Nasdaq notified us that we were eligible
for an additional 180 calendar day period, or until June 12, 2023, to regain compliance.
On
April 21, 2023, we received notice from Nasdaq that we had regained compliance with the minimum bid price requirement for continued listing
on The Nasdaq Capital Market.
On
July 19, 2023, we received Notice from Nasdaq notifying us that were not in compliance with the Rule, as the minimum bid price of the
Company’s common shares has been below $1.00 per share for 30 consecutive business days and that we have until January 16, 2024
to regain compliance. On January 22, 2024, Nasdaq informed us that we were provided an additional 180 calendar day compliance period,
or until July 15, 2024 to demonstrate compliance.
On August 14, 2024, we
announced that Nasdaq informed us that we regained compliance with the minimum bid price requirement for continued listing on The Nasdaq
Capital Market.
If
we fail to comply with Nasdaq’s continued listing standards, we may be delisted and our common shares will trade, if at all, only
on the over-the-counter market, such as the OTC Bulletin Board or OTCQX market, and then only if one or more registered broker-dealer
market makers comply with quotation requirements. In addition, delisting of our common shares could depress our stock price, substantially
limit liquidity of our common shares and materially adversely affect our ability to raise capital on terms acceptable to us, or at all.
Finally, delisting of our common shares could result in our common shares becoming a “penny stock” under the Exchange Act.
The prices of the common shares may be volatile
and fluctuate substantially, which could result in substantial losses for holders of the common shares.
The market prices of the common
shares on The Nasdaq Capital Market may be volatile and fluctuate substantially. The stock market in general and the market for smaller
pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies in particular have experienced extreme volatility that has often been unrelated to the operating
performance of particular companies. As a result of this volatility, holders of the common shares may not be able to sell their common
shares at or above the price at which they were purchased. The market price for the common shares may be influenced by many factors, including:
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the success of competitive products or technologies; |
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results of clinical trials of foralumab, anti-IL6R mAb (TZLS-501), Milciclib and any other future product candidate that we develop; |
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results of clinical trials of product candidates of our competitors; |
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changes or developments in laws or regulations applicable to foralumab, anti-IL6R mAb (TZLS-501), Milciclib and any other future product candidates that we develop; |
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our entry into, and the success of, any collaboration agreements with third parties; |
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developments or disputes concerning patent applications, issued patents or other proprietary rights; |
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the recruitment or departure of key personnel; |
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the level of expenses related to any of our product candidates or clinical development programs; |
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the results of our efforts to discover, develop, acquire or in-license additional product candidates, products or technologies; |
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actual or anticipated changes in estimates as to financial results, development timelines or recommendations by securities analysts; |
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variations in our financial results or those of companies that are perceived to be similar to us; |
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market conditions in the biotechnology and pharmaceutical sectors; |
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general economic, industry and market conditions; |
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the trading volume of common shares on The Nasdaq Capital Market; and the other factors described in this “Risk Factors” section. |
If securities or industry analysts cease
to publish research reports about us or our industry, or if they adversely change their recommendations regarding our common shares, the
market price for the common shares and trading volume could decline.
The trading market for the
common shares is influenced by research reports that industry or securities analysts publish about us or our industry. If one or more
analysts who cover us downgrade the common shares, the market price for the common shares would likely decline. If one or more of these
analysts ceases coverage of us or fails to regularly publish reports on us, we could lose visibility in the financial markets, which,
in turn, could cause the market price or trading volume for the common shares to decline.
We have no present intention to pay dividends
on our common shares in the foreseeable future and, consequently, your only opportunity to achieve a return on your investment during
that time is if the price of the common shares appreciates.
We have never paid or declared
any cash dividends on our common shares, and we do not anticipate paying any cash dividends on our common shares in the foreseeable future.
We intend to retain all available funds and any future earnings to fund the development and expansion of our business. Under the Companies
Act 1981 of Bermuda, which we refer to in this prospectus as the “Companies Act” we may declare or pay a dividend only if
we have reasonable grounds for believing that we are, or would after the payment be, able to pay our liabilities as they become due and
if the realizable value of our assets would thereby be less than our liabilities. Any declaration of a dividend by our board of directors
will depend on many factors, including our financial condition, results of operations, legal requirements and other factors. Accordingly,
if the price of the common shares falls in the foreseeable future, you will incur a loss on your investment, without the likelihood that
this loss will be offset in part or at all by potential future cash dividends.
We are an “emerging
growth company,” and the reduced disclosure requirements applicable to emerging growth companies may make our common shares less
attractive to investors.
We
are an “emerging growth company” as defined in the SEC’s rules and regulations and we will remain an emerging growth
company until the earlier to occur of (a) the last day of the fiscal year (1) following the fifth anniversary of the completion of this
offering, (2) in which we have total annual gross revenues of at least $1.235 billion or (3) in which we are deemed to be a “large
accelerated filer” under the rules of the SEC, which means the market value of our common shares that are held by non-affiliates
exceeds $700.0 million as of the prior December 31, or (b) the date on which we have issued more than $1.0 billion in non-convertible
debt during the prior three-year period. For so long as we remain an emerging growth company, we are permitted and intend to rely on exemptions
from certain disclosure requirements that are applicable to other public companies that are not emerging growth companies. These exemptions
include:
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not being required to comply with the auditor attestation requirements of Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, or Section 404; |
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not being required to comply with any requirement that has or may be adopted by the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board regarding mandatory audit firm rotation or a supplement to the auditor’s report providing additional information about the audit and the financial statements; |
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being permitted to provide only two years of audited financial statements in this prospectus, in addition to any required unaudited interim financial statements, with correspondingly reduced “Management’s discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations” disclosure; |
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reduced disclosure obligations regarding executive compensation; and |
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an exemption from the requirement to seek nonbinding advisory votes on executive compensation or golden parachute arrangements. |
We
may choose to take advantage of some, but not all, of the available exemptions. We have taken advantage of reduced reporting burdens in
this prospectus. In particular, we have not included all of the executive compensation information that would be required if we were not
an emerging growth company. We cannot predict whether investors will find our common shares less attractive if we rely on certain or all
of these exemptions. If some investors find our common shares less attractive as a result, there may be a less active trading market for
our common shares and our common share price may be more volatile.
In
addition, the JOBS Act provides that an emerging growth company may take advantage of an extended transition period for complying with
new or revised accounting standards. This allows an emerging growth company to delay the adoption of certain accounting standards until
those standards would otherwise apply to private companies. We have elected to take advantage of the extended transition period for complying
with new or revised accounting standards and, as a result, our financial statements may not be comparable to companies that comply with
new or revised accounting pronouncements as of public company effective dates.
Even
after we no longer qualify as an emerging growth company, we may still qualify as a “smaller reporting company” if the market
value of our common shares held by non-affiliates is below $250 million (or $700 million if our annual revenue is less than $100 million)
as of June 30 in any given year, which would allow us to take advantage of many of the same exemptions from disclosure requirements, including
reduced disclosure obligations regarding executive compensation in our periodic reports and, when required, our proxy statements.
USE OF PROCEEDS
We expect to receive net proceeds
from this offering of approximately $4.4 million, after deducting the Placement Agent fees and estimated offering expenses payable by
us, excluding the up to 5,263,158 common shares that may be issued to the purchaser under the securities purchase agreement at a price
of $0.95 per share until January 13, 2025.
We currently intend to use
the net proceeds from the sale of the securities offered hereby towards (i) our Phase 2a clinical trial for the intra-nasal delivery of
foralumab in patients with non-active secondary progressive multiple sclerosis, (ii) expediting the clinical development of foralumab
in Alzheimer’s disease, (iii) developing foralumab for other indications, and (iv) for working capital and other general corporate
purposes. We may also use a portion of the net proceeds from this offering to in-license, acquire or invest in complementary businesses,
technologies, products or assets, however, we have no current commitments or obligations to do so.
Management’s plans for
the use of the proceeds of this offering are subject to change due to unforeseen events and opportunities, and the amounts and timing
of our actual expenditures depend on several factors, including our expansion plans and the amount of cash generated or used by our operations.
We cannot specify with certainty the particular uses for the net proceeds to be received upon completion of this offering. Accordingly,
our management will have broad discretion in using the net proceeds of this offering. Pending the use of the net proceeds, we intend to
invest the net proceeds in short-term, investment-grade, interest-bearing instruments.
DILUTION
If you purchase common shares
in this offering, your ownership interest in us will be diluted to the extent of the difference between the public offering price per
common share you will pay in this offering and the pro forma net tangible book value per common share after this offering.
Our historical net tangible
book value as of June 30, 2024, was approximately $1.9 million, corresponding to a net tangible book value of $0.02 per common share,
as of such date. We calculate our historical net tangible book value per share or per common share by taking the amount of our total tangible
assets, subtracting the amount of our total liabilities, and then dividing the difference by the actual total number of common shares
outstanding.
After giving effect to the
sale of 5,263,158 common shares at an offering price of $0.95, and after deducting estimated offering expenses and placement agent fees
payable by us, our as adjusted net tangible book value as of June 30, 2024 would have been would have been $0.89 per common
share. This represents an immediate increase in net tangible book value of $0.06 per common share to existing shareholders and an immediate
dilution of $0.89 per common share to new investors purchasing common shares in this offering. Dilution per common share to new investors
is determined by subtracting the as adjusted net tangible book value per common share after this offering from the public offering price
per common share paid by new investors.
The following table illustrates
this dilution:
Public offering price per common share | |
| | | |
$ | 0.95 | |
Net tangible book value per common share as at June 30, 2024 | |
$ | 0.02 | | |
| | |
Increase in net tangible book value per common share attributable to purchasers purchasing common shares in this offering | |
$ | 0.04 | | |
| | |
As adjusted net tangible book value per common share | |
| | | |
$ | 0.06 | |
Dilution per common share to purchasers in this offering | |
| | | |
$ | 0.89 | |
The number of shares of our
common shares that will be outstanding after this offering is based on 105,396,254 common shares outstanding as of June 30, 2024, and
excludes as of that date:
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7,733,754 common shares issuable upon the exercise of share options at exercise prices of between $0.50 and $3.72 per common share; |
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4,200,000 common shares issuable upon the vesting of RSUs; and |
|
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Up to 5,263,158 common shares that may be issued to the purchaser under
the securities purchase agreement at a price of $0.95 per share until January 13, 2025.. |
PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION
Titan Partners Group LLC,
a division of American Capital Partners, LLC (“Titan”, or the “Placement Agent”) has agreed to act as our exclusive
placement agent in connection with this offering subject to the terms and conditions of the placement agency agreement dated October 30,
2024. The Placement Agent is not purchasing or selling any of the securities offered by this prospectus supplement, nor is it required
to arrange the purchase or sale of any specific number or dollar amount of securities, but has agreed to use its reasonable best efforts
to arrange for the sale of all of the securities offered hereby. Therefore, we will enter into a securities purchase agreement directly
with an investor in connection with this offering and we may not sell the entire amount of securities offered pursuant to this prospectus
supplement.
We will deliver the securities
being issued to the investor upon receipt of such investor’s funds for the purchase of the securities offered pursuant to this prospectus
supplement. We expect to deliver the initial securities being offered pursuant to this prospectus supplement, on or about November 1,
2024.
We have agreed to indemnify
the Placement Agent against specified liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act, and to contribute to payments the Placement
Agent may be required to make in respect thereof.
Fees and Expenses
We have agreed to pay the Placement Agent a fee
based on the aggregate proceeds as set forth in the table below:
| |
Per Share | | |
Total | |
Public offering price | |
$ | 0.95 | | |
$ | 5,000,000 | |
Placement Agent fees(1)
(2) | |
$ | 0.7125 | | |
$ | 375,000 | |
Proceeds, before expenses, to us | |
$ | 0.87875 | | |
$ | 4,625,000 | |
(1) |
We have agreed to pay the Placement Agent a cash placement commission equal to 7.5% of the aggregate proceeds from the sale of the common shares sold in this offering. We have also agreed to reimburse the Placement Agent for certain expenses incurred in connection with this offering. |
|
|
(2) |
Does not include up to 5,263,158 common shares that may be issued to
the purchaser under the securities purchase agreement at a price of $0.95 per share until January 13, 2025.
|
We have also agreed to a non-accountable
expense allowance in the amount of 1.0% of the gross proceeds from the sale of the securities at closing and reimburse the Placement Agent
at closing for legal and other expenses incurred by them in connection with the offering in an aggregate amount up to $125,000. We estimate
the total expenses payable by us for this offering, excluding the placement agent fees and expenses, will be approximately $125,000.
The Placement Agent may be
deemed to be an underwriter within the meaning of Section 2(a)(11) of the Securities Act, and any commissions received by it and any profit
realized on the resale of the shares sold by it while acting as principal might be deemed to be underwriting discounts or commissions
under the Securities Act. As an underwriter, the Placement Agent would be required to comply with the requirements of the Securities Act
and the Exchange Act, including, without limitation, Rule 415(a)(4) under the Securities Act and Rule 10b-5 and Regulation M under the
Exchange Act. These rules and regulations may limit the timing of purchases and sales of shares by the Placement Agent acting as principal.
Under these rules and regulations, the Placement Agent:
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may not engage in any stabilization activity in connection with our securities; and |
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may not bid for or purchase any of our securities or attempt to induce any person to purchase any of our securities, other than as permitted under the Exchange Act, until it has completed its participation in the distribution. |
Placement Agent Warrants
Upon the initial closing of
this offering, we have agreed to issue the Placement Agent warrants to purchase up to 157,894 common shares (equal to three percent (3.0%)
of the aggregate number of common shares initially sold in this offering). The Placement Agent warrants will be exercisable at a price
of $1.50 per share. The Placement Agent is entitled to receive additional warrants having the same terms upon any exercise of the purchaser
of its option to purchase up to 5,263,158 common shares under the securities purchase agreement at a price of $0.95 per share until January
13, 2025. The Placement Agent warrants are exercisable at any time and from time to time, in whole or in part, during a period commencing
six (6) months from the date of issuance and expiring on the three-year anniversary of the initial issuance date. The Placement Agent
warrants and the common shares underlying the Placement Agent warrants are being registered pursuant to this prospectus supplement.
Lock-Up Agreements
Pursuant to certain “lock-up”
agreements, our officers and directors have agreed for a period of ninety (90) days after the closing of offering, that they shall not,
offer, sell, contract to sell, sell any option or contract to purchase, purchase any option or contract to sell, grant any option, right
or warrant to purchase, lend or hypothecate, pledge or otherwise dispose of (or enter into any transaction which is designed to, or might
reasonably be expected to, result in the disposition (whether by actual disposition or effective economic disposition due to cash settlement
or otherwise) by the holder or any affiliate or any person in privity with the holder or affiliate), directly or indirectly, or establish
or increase a put equivalent position or liquidate or decrease a call equivalent position within the meaning of Section 16 of the Exchange
Act, enter into any swap or other agreement, arrangement, hedge or transaction that transfers to another, in whole or in part, directly
or indirectly, any of the economic consequences of ownership of common shares or any securities convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable
for common shares, whether any transaction is to be settled by delivery of common shares, other securities, in cash or otherwise, or publicly
announce an intention to do any of the foregoing with respect to, any common shares of the Company or securities convertible, exchangeable
or exercisable into, common shares of the Company beneficially owned, held or hereafter acquired.
Transfer Agent and Registrar
A register of holders of the
common shares will be maintained by Conyers Corporate Service (Bermuda) Limited in Bermuda, and a branch register will be maintained in
the United States by Computershare, which will also serve as transfer agent. The transfer agent’s address is Computershare Investor
Services, P.O. Box 43078, Providence, RI 02940-3078.
Listing
Our common shares are listed
on the Nasdaq Capital Market under the trading symbol “TLSA”.
Discretionary Accounts
The Placement Agent does not
intend to confirm sales of the securities offered hereby to any accounts over which it has discretionary authority.
Other Activities and Relationships
The Placement Agent and certain
of its affiliates are full service financial institutions engaged in various activities, which may include securities trading, commercial
and investment banking, financial advisory, investment management, investment research, principal investment, hedging, financing and brokerage
activities. The Placement Agent and certain of its affiliates have, from time to time, performed, and may in the future perform, various
commercial and investment banking and financial advisory services for us and our affiliates, for which they received or will receive customary
fees and expenses.
In the ordinary course of
their various business activities, the Placement Agent and certain of its affiliates may make or hold a broad array of investments and
actively trade debt and equity securities (or related derivative securities) and financial instruments (including bank loans) for their
own account and for the accounts of their customers, and such investment and securities activities may involve securities and/or instruments
issued by us and our affiliates. If the Placement Agent or its affiliates have a lending relationship with us, they routinely hedge their
credit exposure to us consistent with their customary risk management policies. The Placement Agent and its affiliates may hedge such
exposure by entering into transactions that consist of either the purchase of credit default swaps or the creation of short positions
in our securities or the securities of our affiliates, including potentially the Common Stock offered hereby. Any such short positions
could adversely affect future trading prices of the Common Stock offered hereby. The Placement Agent and certain of its affiliates may
also communicate independent investment recommendations, market color or trading ideas and/or publish or express independent research
views in respect of such securities or instruments and may at any time hold, or recommend to clients that they acquire, long and/or short
positions in such securities and instruments.
LEGAL MATTERS
The validity of the common
shares and certain other matters of Bermuda law will be passed upon for us by Conyers Dill & Pearman Limited, our special Bermuda
counsel and certain matters of U.S. federal law will be passed upon for us by Sheppard, Mullin, Richter & Hampton LLP, New York, New
York. The Placement Agent is being represented in connection with this offering by Loeb & Loeb LLP, New York, New York.
EXPERTS
The consolidated financial
statements of Tiziana Life Sciences Ltd. as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, and for the years then ended, have been incorporated by
reference herein and in the registration statement in reliance on the report of PKF Littlejohn LLP, an independent registered public accounting
firm, appearing elsewhere herein, and upon the authority of said firm as experts in accounting and auditing. The registered business address
of PKF Littlejohn LLP, is 15 Westferry Circus, London E14 4HD, United Kingdom.
The Form 20-F for the fiscal
year ended December 31, 2023 which includes the consolidated financial statements of Tiziana Pharma Limited as of December 31, 2021 and
for the year then ended, together with the report of Forvis Mazars LLP (previously named Mazars LLP), an independent registered public
accounting firm has been incorporated by reference upon the authority of said firm as experts in accounting and auditing. The
registered business address of Forvis Mazars LLP is 30 Old Bailey, London, EC4M 7AU.
WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION
This prospectus supplement
and the accompanying prospectus form part of a “shelf” registration statement that we filed with the SEC. As permitted
by the SEC’s rules, this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus, do not contain all of the information that is included
in the registration statement. You will find additional information about us in the registration statement. Any statement made in this
prospectus supplement concerning legal documents are not necessarily complete and you should read the documents that are filed as exhibits
to the registration statement or otherwise filed with the SEC for a more complete understanding of the document or matter.
We are subject to the informational
requirements of the Exchange Act. Our Annual Report on Form 20-F for the year ending December 30, 2023 has been filed with the
SEC. We have also filed periodic reports with the SEC on Form 6-K. Such reports and other information filed with the SEC are available
to the public over the Internet at the SEC’s website at http://www.sec.gov.
As a foreign private issuer,
we are exempt under the Exchange Act from, among other things, the rules prescribing the furnishing and content of proxy statements, and
our executive officers, directors and principal shareholders are exempt from the reporting and short-swing profit recovery provisions
contained in Section 16 of the Exchange Act. In addition, we are required under the Exchange Act to file periodic reports and financial
statements with the SEC as frequently or as promptly as U.S. companies whose securities are registered under the Exchange Act.
EXCHANGE CONTROLS
The permission of the Bermuda
Monetary Authority is required, pursuant to the provisions of the Exchange Control Act 1972 and related regulations, for all issuances
and transfers of shares (which includes our common shares) of Bermuda companies to or from a non-resident of Bermuda for exchange control
purposes, other than in cases where the Bermuda Monetary Authority has granted a general permission. The Bermuda Monetary Authority, in
its notice to the public dated June 1, 2005, has granted a general permission for the issue and subsequent transfer of any securities
of a Bermuda company from and/or to a non-resident of Bermuda for exchange control purposes for so long as any “Equity Securities”
of the company (which would include our common shares) are listed on an “Appointed Stock Exchange” (which would include the
Nasdaq). Certain issues and transfers of common shares involving persons deemed resident in Bermuda for exchange control purposes require
the specific consent of the Bermuda Monetary Authority.
ENFORCEMENT OF CIVIL LIABILITIES UNDER UNITED
STATES FEDERAL SECURITIES LAWS
We are a Bermuda exempted
company. As a result, the rights of holders of our common shares will be governed by Bermuda law and our memorandum of association and
bye-laws. The rights of shareholders under Bermuda law may differ from the rights of shareholders of companies incorporated in other jurisdictions.
It may be difficult for investors to enforce in the United States judgments obtained in U.S. courts against us based on the civil liability
provisions of the U.S. securities laws. Our registered office address in Bermuda is Clarendon House, 2 Church Street, Hamilton HM 11,
Bermuda.
We have been advised by our
special Bermuda counsel that there is no treaty in force between the United States and Bermuda providing for the reciprocal recognition
and enforcement of judgments in civil and commercial matters. As a result, whether a U.S. judgment would be enforceable in Bermuda against
us or our directors and officers depends on whether the U.S. court that entered the judgment is recognized by a Bermuda court as having
jurisdiction over us or our directors and officers, as determined by reference to Bermuda conflict of law rules. The courts of Bermuda
would recognize as a valid judgment, a final and conclusive judgment in personam obtained in a U.S. court pursuant to which a sum of money
is payable (other than a sum of money payable in respect of multiple damages, taxes or other charges of a like nature or in respect of
a fine or other penalty). The courts of Bermuda would give a judgment based on such a U.S. judgment as long as (1) the U.S. court had
proper jurisdiction over the parties subject to the judgment; (2) the U.S. court did not contravene the rules of natural justice of Bermuda;
(3) the U.S. judgment was not obtained by fraud; (4) the enforcement of the U.S. judgment would not be contrary to the public policy of
Bermuda; (5) no new admissible evidence relevant to the action is submitted prior to the rendering of the judgment by the courts of Bermuda;
(6) there is due compliance with the correct procedures under the laws of Bermuda; and (7) the U.S. judgment is not inconsistent with
any judgment of the courts of Bermuda in respect of the same matter.
In addition, and irrespective
of jurisdictional issues, the Bermuda courts will not enforce a U.S. federal securities law that is either penal or contrary to Bermuda
public policy. We have been advised that an action brought pursuant to a public or penal law, the purpose of which is the enforcement
of a sanction, power or right at the instance of the state in its sovereign capacity, is unlikely to be entertained by a Bermuda court.
Certain remedies available under the laws of U.S. jurisdictions, including certain remedies under U.S. federal securities laws, would
not be available under Bermuda law or enforceable in a Bermuda court, as they are likely to be contrary to Bermuda public policy. Further,
it may not be possible to pursue direct claims in Bermuda against us or our directors and officers for alleged violations of U.S. federal
securities laws because these laws are unlikely to have extraterritorial effect and do not have force of law in Bermuda. A Bermuda court
may, however, impose civil liability on us or our directors and officers if the facts alleged and proved in the Bermuda proceedings constitute
or give rise to a cause of action under the applicable governing law, not being a foreign public, penal or revenue law.
INCORPORATION OF CERTAIN INFORMATION BY REFERENCE
The SEC allows us to “incorporate
by reference” information into this prospectus supplement, which means that we can disclose important information to you by referring
you to other documents which we have filed or will file with the SEC. The information incorporated by reference is considered a part of
this prospectus supplement and should be read carefully. Certain information in this prospectus supplement supersedes information incorporated
by reference that we filed with the SEC prior to the date of this prospectus supplement. Certain information that we file later with the
SEC will automatically update and supersede the information in this prospectus supplement. Any statement so modified or superseded shall
not be deemed, except as so modified or superseded, to constitute a part of this prospectus supplement.
We incorporate by reference
into this prospectus supplement and the registration statement of which it is a part the following documents, including any amendments
to such filings:
|
● |
our Annual Report on Form 20-F for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023; |
|
● |
our Reports on
Form 6-K furnished to the SEC on January
5, 2024 (first submission), January
8, 2024, March 5,
2024, April 11, 2024, April
18, 2024, April 19,
2024, April 22, 2024, April
23, 2024, April 25,
2024, May 13, 2024, May
30, 2024, June 4,
2024, June 6, 2024, June
11, 2024, June 26,
2024, June 28, 2024, July
24, 2024, August 1,
2024, August 14, 2024, August
19, 2024, September 19,
2024 October 18,
2024, October
25, 2024 and October 30,
2024; |
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our Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on October
21, 2021; and |
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the description of our common shares contained in our Registration Statement on Form 8-A filed with the SEC on October 30, 2018, including any amendments or reports filed for the purpose of updating such description. |
We are also incorporating
by reference all subsequent Annual Reports on Form 20-F that we file with the SEC and certain reports on Form 6-K that we furnish
to the SEC after the date of this prospectus supplement (if they state that they are incorporated by reference into this prospectus supplement)
prior to the termination of this offering. In all cases, you should rely on the later information over different information included
in this prospectus supplement or the accompanying prospectus.
Unless expressly incorporated
by reference, nothing in this prospectus supplement shall be deemed to incorporate by reference information furnished to, but not filed
with, the SEC. Copies of all documents incorporated by reference in this prospectus supplement, other than exhibits to those documents
unless such exhibits are specifically incorporated by reference in this prospectus supplement, will be provided at no cost to each person,
including any beneficial owner, who receives a copy of this prospectus supplement on the written or oral request of that person made to:
Tiziana Life Sciences Ltd.
Clarendon House,
2 Church Street,
Hamilton HM 11,
Bermuda
+44 (0) 20 7495 2379
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documents on our website, www.tizianalifesciences.com. The information contained on, or that can be accessed through, our website
is not a part of this prospectus supplement. We have included our website address in this prospectus supplement solely as an inactive
textual reference.
You should rely only on information
contained in, or incorporated by reference into, this prospectus supplement. We have not authorized anyone to provide you with information
different from that contained in this prospectus supplement or incorporated by reference in this prospectus supplement. We are not making
offers to sell the securities in any jurisdiction in which such an offer or solicitation is not authorized or in which the person making
such offer or solicitation is not qualified to do so or to anyone to whom it is unlawful to make such offer or solicitation.
PROSPECTUS
$250,000,000
Common Shares
Warrants
Units
We may offer, issue and sell
from time to time up to $250,000,000, or its equivalent in any other currency, currency units, or composite currency or currencies, of
our common shares, warrants to purchase common shares, and a combination of such securities, separately or as units, in one or more offerings.
This prospectus provides a general description of offerings of these securities that we may undertake.
We refer to our common shares,
warrants, and units collectively as “securities” in this prospectus.
Each time we sell our securities
pursuant to this prospectus, we will provide the specific terms of such offering in a supplement to this prospectus. The prospectus supplement
may also add, update, or change information contained in this prospectus. You should read this prospectus, the accompanying prospectus
supplement, together with the additional information described under the heading “Where You Can Find More Information,” before
you make your investment decision.
We may, from time to time,
offer to sell the securities, through public or private transactions, directly or through underwriters, agents or dealers, on or off The
Nasdaq Global Market, at prevailing market prices or at privately negotiated prices. If any underwriters, agents or dealers are involved
in the sale of any of these securities, the applicable prospectus supplement will set forth the names of the underwriter, agent or dealer
and any applicable fees, commissions or discounts.
Our common shares are listed
on The Nasdaq Global Market under the symbol “TLSA”. On February 24, 2022, the last reported price of our common shares on
The Nasdaq Global Market was $0.62 per share.
We are an “emerging
growth company,” as defined by the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012, or JOBS Act, and as such, have elected to comply
with certain reduced public company reporting requirements for this prospectus and future filings.
Investing in our securities
involves a high degree of risk. Please carefully consider the risks discussed in this prospectus under “Risk Factors” in this
prospectus, in any accompanying prospectus supplement and in the documents incorporated by reference in this prospectus for a discussion
of the factors you should carefully consider before deciding to purchase our securities.
Neither the U.S. Securities
and Exchange Commission, any U.S. state securities commission, nor any other foreign securities commission has approved or disapproved
of these securities or determined if this prospectus is truthful or complete. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.
The date of this prospectus is March 3, 2022.
Table of Contents
ABOUT THIS PROSPECTUS
This prospectus is part of
a registration statement that we filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, or SEC, using a “shelf” registration
process. Under this shelf registration process, we may sell our securities described in this prospectus in one or more offerings up to
a total dollar amount of $250,000,000. Each time we offer our securities, we will provide you with a supplement to this prospectus that
will describe the specific amounts, prices and terms of the securities we offer. The prospectus supplement may also add, update or change
information contained in this prospectus. This prospectus, together with applicable prospectus supplements and the documents incorporated
by reference in this prospectus and any prospectus supplements, includes all material information relating to an offering of our securities.
Please read carefully both this prospectus and any prospectus supplement together with additional information described below under “Where
You Can Find More Information” and “Incorporation of Certain Information by Reference.”
You should rely only on the
information contained in or incorporated by reference in this prospectus and any applicable prospectus supplement. We have not authorized
anyone to provide you with different or additional information. If anyone provides you with different or inconsistent information, you
should not rely on it. The information contained in this prospectus is accurate only as of the date of this prospectus, regardless of
the time of delivery of this prospectus or any sale of securities described in this prospectus. This prospectus is not an offer to sell
our securities and it is not soliciting an offer to buy our securities in any jurisdiction where the offer or sale is not permitted. You
should assume that the information appearing in this prospectus or any prospectus supplement, as well as information we have previously
filed with the SEC and incorporated by reference, is accurate as of the date on the front of those documents only. Our business, financial
condition, results of operations and prospects may have changed since those dates. This prospectus may not be used to consummate a sale
of our securities unless it is accompanied by a prospectus supplement.
Throughout this prospectus,
unless otherwise designated, the terms “Tiziana,” “Tiziana Life Sciences Ltd.,” “the company,” “we,”
“us” and “our” refer to Tiziana Life Sciences Ltd. and its wholly-owned subsidiaries, Tiziana Therapeutics, Inc.,
Tiziana Pharma Limited and Longevia Genomics S.r.l. References to “common shares”, “warrants” and “share
capital” refer to the common shares, warrants and share capital, respectively, of Tiziana Life Sciences Ltd.
Certain figures included in
this prospectus have been subject to rounding adjustments. Accordingly, figures shown as totals in certain tables may not be an arithmetic
aggregation of the figures that precede them.
We have not authorized anyone
to provide you with information that is different from that contained in this prospectus, any amendment or supplement to this prospectus,
or in any free writing prospectus we may authorize to be delivered or made available to you. We take no responsibility for, and can provide
no assurance as to the reliability of, any other information that others may give you. This prospectus is not an offer to sell securities,
and it is not soliciting an offer to buy securities, in any jurisdiction where the offer or sale is not permitted. The information contained
in this prospectus is accurate only as of the date on the front of this prospectus, regardless of the time of delivery of this prospectus
or any sale of the securities. For investors outside of the United States: We have not taken any action to permit this offering or possession
or distribution of this prospectus in any jurisdiction where action for that purpose is required, other than in the United States. You
are required to inform yourselves about and to observe any restrictions relating to this offering and the distribution of this prospectus.
The industry in which we operate
is subject to a high degree of uncertainty and risk due to a variety of factors, including those described in the section titled “Risk
Factors.” These and other factors could cause results to differ materially from those expressed in the estimates made by the independent
parties and by us.
We qualify as an “emerging
growth company,” as defined in the JOBS Act. An emerging growth company may take advantage of specified reduced reporting and regulatory
requirements in contrast to those otherwise applicable generally to public companies. These provisions include, but are not limited to,
an exemption from the auditor attestation requirement in the assessment of our internal control over financial reporting pursuant to Section 404
the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, as amended.
We may take advantage of these
reduced reporting and other regulatory requirements until such time that we are no longer an emerging growth company. We will remain an
“emerging growth company” until the earliest of (i) the last day of the fiscal year in which we have total annual gross
revenues of $1.07 billion or more; (ii) the last day of our fiscal year following the fifth anniversary of the date of our initial
public offering; (iii) the date on which we have issued more than $1 billion in non-convertible debt during the previous three
years; or (iv) the date on which we are deemed to be a “large accelerated filer” as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or the Exchange Act. In addition, the JOBS Act provides that an emerging growth company may delay adopting
new or revised accounting standards until those standards apply to private companies.
We are a “foreign private
issuer” as defined in Rule 3b-4 under the Exchange Act. As a result, our proxy solicitations are not subject to the disclosure
and procedural requirements of Regulation 14A under the Exchange Act and transactions in our equity securities by our officers and
directors are exempt from Section 16 of the Exchange Act. In addition, we are not required under the Exchange Act to file periodic
reports and financial statements as frequently or as promptly as U.S. companies whose securities are registered under the Exchange Act.
CAUTIONARY STATEMENT REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING
STATEMENTS
This prospectus contains forward-looking
statements that involve substantial risks and uncertainties. The forward-looking statements are contained principally in the sections
of this prospectus titled “About this Prospectus,” “Risk Factors,” and “Prospectus Summary.” All statements,
other than statements of historical facts, contained in this prospectus, including statements regarding our future results of operations
and financial position, business strategy, prospective products, product approvals, research and development costs, timing and likelihood
of success, plans and objectives of management for future operations, and future results of current and anticipated products, are forward-looking
statements. These statements relate to future events or to our future financial performance and involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties
and other factors which may cause our actual results, performance or achievements to be materially different from any future results,
performance or achievements expressed or implied by the forward-looking statements. The words “anticipate,” “assume,”
“believe,” “contemplate,” “continue,” “could,” “estimate,” “expect,”
“goal,” “intend,” “may,” “might,” “objective,” “plan,” “potential,”
“predict,” “project,” “positioned,” “seek,” “should,” “target,”
“will,” “would,” or the negative of these terms or other similar expressions are intended to identify forward-looking
statements, although not all forward-looking statements contain these identifying words. These forward-looking statements are based on
current expectations, estimates, forecasts and projections about our business and the industry in which we operate and management’s
beliefs and assumptions, are not guarantees of future performance or development and involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and
other factors.
Actual results or events could
differ materially from the plans, intentions and expectations disclosed in the forward-looking statements we make. As a result, any or
all of our forward-looking statements in this prospectus may turn out to be inaccurate. We have included important factors in the cautionary
statements included in this prospectus, particularly in the section of this prospectus titled “Risk Factors,” that we believe
could cause actual results or events to differ materially from the forward-looking statements that we make. We may not actually achieve
the plans, intentions or expectations disclosed in our forward-looking statements, and you should not place undue reliance on our forward-looking
statements. Moreover, we operate in a highly competitive and rapidly changing environment in which new risks often emerge. It is not possible
for our management to predict all risks, nor can we assess the impact of all factors on our business or the extent to which any factor,
or combination of factors, may cause actual results to differ materially from those contained in any forward-looking statements we may
make. Our forward-looking statements do not reflect the potential impact of any future acquisitions, mergers, dispositions, joint ventures
or investments we may make.
You should read this prospectus
and the documents that we reference in this prospectus and have filed as exhibits to the registration statement of which this prospectus
is a part completely and with the understanding that our actual future results may be materially different from what we expect. The forward-looking
statements contained in this prospectus are made as of the date of this prospectus, and we do not assume any obligation to update any
forward-looking statements except as required by applicable law and regulation.
PROSPECTUS SUMMARY
You should read the following
summary together with the more detailed information about us, the securities that may be sold from time to time, and our financial statements
and the notes thereto, all of which appear elsewhere in this prospectus or in the documents incorporated by reference in this prospectus.
We are a biotechnology company
that is focused on the discovery and development of novel molecules to treat high unmet medical needs in oncology and immunology. Our
mission is to design and deliver next generation therapeutics for oncology and immune diseases of high unmet medical need by combining
deep understanding of disease biology with clinical development expertise. We have a drug discovery pipeline of small molecule new chemical
entities, or NCEs, and biologics. We employ a lean and virtual research and development, or R&D, model using highly experienced teams
of experts for each business function to maximize value accretion by focusing resources on the drug discovery and development processes.
Foralumab (TZLS-401)
Our lead product candidate
in immunology is Foralumab (TZLS-401), which we believe is the only fully human anti-CD3 monoclonal antibody, or mAb, in clinical development.
MAbs represent antibodies produced by single clones that recognize a single epitope on its target. They are an important class of human
therapeutics for treating cancers and autoimmune diseases. We are developing Foralumab, for which we in-licensed the intellectual property
from Novimmune, SA, a Swiss biotechnology company, or Novimmune, as a potential treatment for neurodegenerative diseases such as progressive
Multiple Sclerosis, or MS, Type-1 Diabetes (T1D) and Crohn’s disease. As the only fully human engineered, non-Fc binding anti-CD3
mAb in clinical development. Foralumab has significant potential advantages in safety profile and reduced immunogenicity. We believe that
oral or intranasal administration of Foralumab has the potential to reduce inflammation while minimizing the toxicity and related side
effects.
To date, Foralumab has been
studied in one Phase 1 and two Phase 2a clinical trials conducted by Novimmune in 68 patients dosed by the intravenous route of administration.
In these trials, Foralumab treatment was well-tolerated and produced immunologic effects consistent with potential clinical benefit while
demonstrating mild to moderate infusion related reactions. With completion of the intravenous dosing for Phase 2a trial in Crohn’s
Disease, Foralumab’s ability to modulate T-cell response enables potential extension into a wide range of other autoimmune and inflammatory
diseases, such as, MS, T1D, inflammatory bowel disease (Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis), graft versus host disease, psoriasis
and rheumatoid arthritis.
Our focus is to develop alternative
routes of administration for clinical benefits. Foralumab is being developed for oral and nasal administration as a site targeted immunomodulatory
agent, with therapeutic benefits of rendering T-cells unable to orchestrate an immune response and induction of immune tolerance via upregulation
of Tregs and downregulation of cytotoxic T cells. Recently completed clinical studies in healthy volunteers and in COVID-19 patients further
support this novel mechanism of action of Foralumab. In September 2021, we executed an agreement with Precision Biosciences to evaluate
the potential use of Foralumab in conjunction with CAR-T to improve success and reduce recurrence rate of cancer as a relatively milder
lymphodepleting agent. There is further potential for Foralumab to be combined with TZLS-501, our fully human anti-IL-6R mAb in development
to target autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. In November 2016, we announced new data for oral efficacy in humanized mouse models with
Foralumab, a major milestone and a potential breakthrough for the treatment of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis and autoimmune disease. This
unique oral technology stimulates the natural gut immune system and potentially provides a therapeutic effect in inflammatory and autoimmune
diseases with greatly reduced toxicity. Positive therapeutic effects with Foralumab were consistently demonstrated in animal studies conducted
by Prof. Kevan Herold (Yale University) and Prof. Howard Weiner (Harvard University).
In April 2018, we entered
into an exclusive license agreement with The Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Inc. relating to a novel formulation of Foralumab dosed
in a medical device for nasal administration. An investigational new drug application, or IND, for the first-in-human evaluation of the
nasal administration of Foralumab in healthy volunteers for progressive MS indication was filed in the second quarter of 2018. Subsequent
to IND approval, a single-site, double-blind, placebo-controlled, dose-ranging Phase 1 trial with nasally administered Foralumab at 10,
50 and 250 µg per day, consecutively for 5 days to evaluate biomarkers of immunomodulation of clinical responses was initiated in
November 2018. The trial was conducted at the Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, in healthy volunteers
in which 18 subjects received Foralumab treatment and 9 patients received placebo. The study was completed in September 2019, and data
demonstrated that nasally administered Foralumab was well-tolerated and no drug-related safety issues were reported at any of the doses.
No drug-related changes were observed in vital signs among subjects at predose during treatment and at discharge. Nasally administered
Foralumab at the 50 µg dose suppressed cytotoxic CD8+ as well as perforin-secreting CD8+ cells, which have been implicated in neurodegeneration
in MS. Treatment at 50 µg stimulated production of anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 and suppressed production of pro-inflammatory
cytokine interferon-gamma (IFN-γ). Taken together, the treatment showed significant positive effects on the biomarkers for activation
of mucosal immunity, which are capable of inducing site-targeted immunomodulation to elicit anti-inflammatory effects. We had a meeting
with the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to seek guidance for further clinical development of Foralumab. Per FDA guidance, we initiated
a trial, in collaboration with BWH, Harvard University, with nasally administered Foralumab in a patient with secondary progressive multiple
sclerosis (SPMS) to evaluate safety. The interim data after 3 months of dosing indicated that treatment was welltolerated and appeared
to produce positive clinical response. The data was submitted to FDA to seek permission to enroll additional patients. FDA allowed enrollment
of the second patient and also allowed the treatment with the first patient to continue. Our objective is to demonstrate safety of nasally
administered Foralumab and seek permission from FDA to initiate a Phase 2 trial in progressive MS patients. We intend to have a meeting
with FDA, after the 6 months of dosing in first patient and 12 weeks of completion of dosing in second patient, to seek guidance for further
clinical development in SPMS.
An enteric-coated capsule
formulation using a proprietary and novel technology has been developed for oral administration of Foralumab. cGMP manufacturing of clinical
trial materials for a Phase 1 study has been completed and an IND was submitted in March 2019.
On September 9, 2019,
the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, or FDA, granted approval to initiate the Phase 1 clinical trial to evaluate the safety and pharmacokinetics
of oral Foralumab at 1.25, 2.5 and 5.0 mg/day as a single ascending dose study. The study was completed in December 2019 at the Brigham
and Women’s Hospital. The core formulation technology is to encapsulate free flowing powder blends of fForalumab stabilized by lyophilization
in enteric-coated capsules. The clinical data from this phase 1 trial indicated that the treatment was well-tolerated at all doses tested
and there were no drug-related safety issues observed even at the highest dose of 5 mg in this trial. We have had meetings with FDA and
submitted an IND seeking approval to initiate a Phase 1b safety study in mild-to-moderate Crohn’s Disease patients with orally administered
Foralumab. This Phase 1b trial is anticipated to be completed in 4Q, 2022. Following completion of this trial demonstrating safety of
patient, we intend to initiate a Phase 2 study in Crohn’s Disease patients.
In addition, on August 18,
2020 the United States Patent and Trademark Office, or USPTO, granted us a patent on use and methods of treatment of Crohn’s disease
with Foralumab, its proprietary fully human monoclonal antibody, and all other anti-CD3 mAbs. The CD3 (cluster of differentiation
3) is a protein complex on T-cells, which is important for the regulation of the immune system. The patent was published by the USPTO
on September 1, 2020 as Patent No. 10,759,858. Recently, we also announced the issuance of the first-ever patent on oral administration
of anti-CD3 mAbs for treatment of human diseases (Patent No. 10,688,186). We believe the grant of this additional composition-of-matter
and use patent further strengthens our intellectual property, consisting of proprietary technologies on oral and nasal administration
of Foralumab and other anti-CD3 mAbs for the treatment of human diseases.
On July 16, 2020, we announced
that we had submitted a patent application on the potential use of Foralumab, a fully human anti-CD3 mAbs, to improve success of chimeric
antigen receptor T-cell, or CAR-T, therapy for cancer and other human diseases. The patent application conveys inventions related lymphodepletion
to improving CAR-T expansion and/or survival using anti-CD-3 mAbs administered either alone or in combination with other co-stimulatory
molecules, such as an anti-IL-6R mAb, an anti-CD28 mAb or specific inhibitors of signaling pathways of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K),
protein kinase B (AKT), or mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR).
On July 31, 2020, we announced
that we had submitted a patent application for the potential use of nasally administered Foralumab, a fully human anti-CD3 mAb, for the
treatment of COVID-19 either alone or in combination with other anti-viral drugs. Recent clinical studies implied that a combination of
anti-inflammatory and anti-viral drugs may be more effective to treat patients at different stages of COVID-19 disease.
A collaborative clinical study
was initiated on November 2, 2020, investigating nasally administered Foralumab either alone or in combination with orally administered
dexamethasone in COVID-19 patients in Brazil. In view of the importance and urgency, scientific teams at the Harvard Medical School, Santa
Casa de Misericórdia de Santos Hospital (Jabaquara, Santos, Brazil) and at our company closely collaborated to facilitate initiation
of this study in expedited time frames. The clinical trial was coordinated by the team at INTRIALS, a leading, full-service Latin America
Clinical Research Organization, (CRO) based in Sao Paulo City, Brazil. The trial was completed in January 2021, and the clinical outcome
from this trial was announced in February2021. This trial, the first-ever trial on nasal administration of Foralumab for treatment of
COVID-19, is of enormous significance because the underlying scientific approach is to modulate immune system, which is dysregulated and
crippled to protect against the virus. If successful, we believe this approach could be good for treatment of all COVID-19 variants and
other viruses. A manuscript describing these clinical findings was published as a full-length article in peer-reviewed Frontier in Immunology
journal (Moreira et al., 2021, Front Immunol 12, 709861).
Additionally, we have initiated
a program to evaluate the use of parenterally administered Foralumab to delay onset of T1D. We plan to file an IND in Q2 2022 followed
by initiation of a Phase 1 study
TZLS-501
We are accelerating development
of a fully human mAb targeting the IL-6R (TZLS-501) for which the intellectual property was licensed from Novimmune in 2017. This fully
human mAb has a novel mechanism of action, binding to both the membrane-bound and soluble forms of the IL-6R as well as depleting circulating
levels of the IL-6 in the blood. Excessive production of IL-6 is regarded as a key driver of acute inflammation resulting from infection
with viral agents such as Coronaviruses and of chronic inflammation, associated with autoimmune diseases such as multiple myeloma, oncology
indications and rheumatoid arthritis, and we believe that TZLS-501 may have potential therapeutic value for these indications.
In preclinical studies, TZLS-501
demonstrated the potential for overcoming the limitations of other IL-6 blocking pathway drugs. Compared to tocilizumab and sarilumab,
while binding to the membrane-bound IL-6R complex, TZLS-501 has been observed to have a higher affinity for the soluble IL-6R from antibody
binding studies conducted in cell culture. TZLS-501 also demonstrated the potential to block or reduce IL-6 signaling in mouse models
of inflammation. The soluble form of IL-6 has been implicated to have a larger role in disease progression compared to the membrane-bound
form (Kallen, K.J. (2002). “The role of trans-signaling via the agonistic soluble IL-6R in human diseases.” Biochimica et
Biophysica Acta. 1592 (3): 323–343.)
In March 2020, we expedited
development and cGMP manufacturing of TZLS-501 for treatment of patients infected with coronavirus COVID-19. TZLS-501 was to be administered
using a proprietary inhalation formulation technology.
On August 24, 2020 we announced
that the USPTO had granted a patent for methods and use of fully human mAb (TZLS-501) that recognizes both IL-6R and IL-6 receptor complex
with IL-6 (IL-6R/IL-6) for prophylactic and therapeutic intervention for human diseases. We initially entered into a world-wide exclusive
license from Novimmune in 2017. The license is currently maintained with Bristol Myers Squibb. The patent (No. 10,759,862) was
published by the USPTO on September 1, 2020. The grant of this additional patent on TZLS-501 is of particular significance for the potential
treatment of COVID-19 and other pulmonary diseases such as acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS).
We filed a patent on inhalation
delivery of TZLS-501 using a hand-held nebulizer for direct delivery in lungs. It is expected that the direct delivery of TZLS-501 might
rapidly deplete the excessive levels of IL-6 present in lungs to provide rapid relief. TZLS-501 is a novel anti-IL-6R mAb that also depletes
circulating levels of IL-6 and its biochemical functions are not interfered by the excessive level of IL-6. Hence, we believe TZLS-501
is very well distinguished from Actemra® and Kevzara®. Currently, we are developing TZLS-501 for treatment of COVID-19. The underlying
scientific approach is to deplete IL-6 and suppress the cytokine storm in lungs. This approach might be applicable for treatment of all
variants of COVID-19.. We are also considering evaluation of inhaled TZLS-501 for treatment of pulmonary fibrosis, which is an unmet medical
need. We have completed cGMP manufacturing and IND-enabling studies with this antibody and intends to initiate an initial Phase 1 clinical
study shortly.
Milciclib (TZLS-201)
We are developing Milciclib,
for which we in-licensed the intellectual property from Nerviano Medical Sciences S.r.l. in 2015, as a potential treatment for hepatocellular
carcinoma, or HCC. A novel feature of Milciclib is its ability to reduce levels of microRNAs, miR-221 and miR-222. MicroRNAs are small
RNA molecules that play a significant role in the regulation of gene expression. miR-221 and miR-222 are believed to be linked to the
development of blood supply (angiogenesis) in cancer tumors. Levels of these microRNAs are consistently elevated in HCC patients and may
contribute towards resistance to treatment with Sorafenib, a multikinase inhibitor (a drug which may inhibit the cellular division and
proliferation associated with certain cancers) often prescribed to HCC patients as the Standard of Care.
To date, Milciclib has been
studied in a total of eight completed Phase 1 and 2 clinical trials in 316 patients. In these trials, Milciclib was observed to be well-tolerated
and showed initial signals of anti-tumor action. Prior to in-licensing, Milciclib was granted orphan designation by the European Commission
and by the FDA for the treatment of malignant thymoma and an aggressive form of thymic carcinoma in patients previously treated with chemotherapy.
In two Phase 2a trials, CDKO-125a-006 and CDKO125a-007, Milciclib showed signs of slowing disease progression and acceptable safety. We
initiated a Phase 2a trial (CDKO-125a-010) of Milciclib safety and tolerability as a single therapy in sorafenib-intolerant patients with
advance cases of HCC in the first half of 2017. Typically, this population of patients have an advanced form of the disease with poor
prognosis and an average overall survival expectancy of three to five months. In May 2018, the Independent Data Monitor committee, or
IDMC, completed an interim analysis of tolerability data from the first eleven treated patients and recommended expansion of the initial
cohort to an additional 20 patients to complete the trial enrolment, which was completed in December 2018. In March 2019, the IDMC reviewed
safety data from patients as of February 26, 2019 and concluded that the administration of Milciclib to patients with advanced HCC
was not associated with unexpected signs or signals of toxicity. 28 out of 31 treated patients were evaluable, 14 completed the 6-month duration
study. The most frequent adverse events such as diarrhea, ascites, nausea, fatigue, asthenia, fever, ataxia, headache, and rash were manageable.
No drug-related deaths were recorded.
The Phase 2a trial was completed
in June 2019 with clinical safety result reported in July 2019 and efficacy results reported in September 2019. The clinical activity
assessment in evaluable patients was based on the independent radiological review using the modified Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid
Tumors.
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14 out of 28 (50%) evaluable patients completed six-month duration of the trial. |
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Both median TTP and PFS were 5.9 months (95% Confidence Interval (CI) 1.5-6.7 months) out of the 6-months duration of the trial. |
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16 of 28 (57.1%) evaluable patients showed ’Stable Disease.’ |
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One patient (3.6%) showed unconfirmed ‘Partial Response.’ |
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17 of 28 (60.7%) evaluable patients showed ‘Clinical Benefit Rate’ defined as CBR=CR+PR+SD (with CR representing Complete Remission). |
Since overexpression of cyclin-dependent
kinases, or CDKs, and dysregulation in pRB pathway (regulates transcription factors critical for cell cycle progression) are prominently
associated with tumor cell resistance to certain chemotherapeutic drugs, inhibition of multiple CDKs is an appealing approach to improve
clinical responses in cancer patient’s refractory to existing treatment options. A Phase 1 dose-escalation study of Milciclib
in combination with gemcitabine in patients with refractory solid tumors exhibited clinical activity in patients, including those who
were refractory to gemcitabine. The patients enrolled in this trial were resistant to all existing chemotherapies for cancer. The trial
data showed that Milciclib in combination with gemcitabine provided 36% clinical response to these patients who had shown no response
to gemcitabine when administered alone. These data suggest that Milciclib may be able to overcome drug-resistance. This novel attribute
of Milciclib may have application as an adjuvant therapy in combination with chemotherapies for treatment of refractory, malignant and
advanced cases of cancers. The data from this trial also showed that the combination treatment delayed onset in a patient with non-small
cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC). The preclinical data from an animal study also suggest that orally administered Milciclib might also be effective
in Kras+ (G12C) mutants of NSCLC cancer. These pre-clinical and clinical data strongly warranted further evaluation of the combination
of milciclib + gemcitabine for treatment of NSCLC. We intend to initiate a Phase 2 trial shortly with the combination in NSCLC patients
carrying pan-KRAS+ mutants.
On August 21, 2020 we announced
that the USPTO had granted us a patent on use of Milciclib in combination with tyrosine kinase inhibitors, or TKIs, such as Sorafenib
(Nexavar®), Regorafenib (Stivarga®) and Lenvatinib (Lenvima®) for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma, or HCC, and other
cancers in humans. This patent was published by the USPTO on September 1, 2020 as Patent No. 10,758,541. Like most human cancers,
HCC is a complex multi-factorial cancer with multiple underlying mechanisms causing enormous heterogeneity in patient populations. Consequently,
patients with HCC often develop resistance towards the monotherapies of existing therapeutics. Thus, there is an urgent need for combination
drug treatment approaches targeting different mechanisms to achieve better clinical outcomes.
Our Product Candidates
Our product candidate pipeline
is set forth below:
Development Pipeline
Risks Associated with Our Business
Our business is subject to
numerous risks. You should read these risks before you invest in our securities. In particular, our risks include, but are not limited
to, the following:
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We may fail to demonstrate the safety and therapeutic utility of our product candidates to the satisfaction of applicable regulatory authorities, which would prevent or delay regulatory approval and commercialization. |
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We depend on enrollment of patients in our clinical trials for our product candidates and may find it difficult to enroll patients in our clinical trials, which could delay or prevent us from proceeding with clinical trials of our product candidates and could materially adversely affect our research and development efforts and business, financial condition and results of operations. |
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Our independent registered public accounting firm has expressed substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern, which may hinder our ability to obtain future financing. |
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We have incurred net losses in every year since our inception. We anticipate that we will continue to incur losses for the foreseeable future and may never achieve or maintain profitability. |
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We need substantial additional funding to complete the development of our product candidates, which may not be available on acceptable terms, if at all. Failure to obtain this necessary capital when needed may force us to delay, limit or terminate certain of our product development, research operations or future commercialization efforts, if any. |
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We rely, and expect to continue to rely, on third parties to conduct our preclinical studies and clinical trials and for product manufacturing. If these third parties do not successfully carry out their contractual duties or meet expected deadlines, we may not be able to obtain regulatory approval for or commercialize our product candidates. |
|
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Our rights to develop and commercialize our product candidates are subject to the terms and conditions of licenses granted to us by others. If we fail to comply with our obligations under our existing and any future intellectual property licenses with third parties, we could lose license rights that are important to the business. |
|
● |
If our competitors are able to obtain orphan drug exclusivity for products that constitute the same drug and treat the same indications as our product candidates, we may not be able to have competing products approved by applicable regulatory authorities for a significant period of time. In addition, even if we obtain orphan drug exclusivity for any of our products, such exclusivity may not protect us from competition. |
|
● |
Healthcare legislative reform measures may have a negative impact on our business and results of operations. |
|
● |
A pandemic, epidemic or outbreak of an infectious disease, such as COVID-19, may materially and adversely affect our business and operations. |
|
● |
We may re-incorporate in another jurisdiction, and the laws of such jurisdiction will likely govern all of our material agreements and we may not be able to enforce our legal rights. |
|
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The rights of our shareholders may differ from the rights typically offered to shareholders of a U.S. corporation. |
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As a foreign private issuer we are exempt from a number of rules under the U.S. securities laws as well as certain Nasdaq corporate governance rules applicable to U.S. listed companies and are permitted to file less information with the SEC than U.S. public companies. |
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Claims of U.S. civil liabilities may not be enforceable against us. |
|
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If we are a passive foreign investment company, there could be adverse U.S. federal income tax consequences to U.S. holders. |
|
● |
We may lose our foreign private issuer status, which would then require us to comply with the Exchange Act’s domestic reporting regime and cause us to incur significant legal, accounting and other expenses. |
Corporate Information
We were originally incorporated
under the laws of England and Wales on February 11, 1998 with the goal of leveraging the expertise of our management team as well
as Dr. Napoleone Ferrara, Dr. Arun Sanyal, Dr. Howard Weiner and Dr. Kevan Herold, and to acquire and exploit certain intellectual property
in biotechnology. We subsequently changed our name to Tiziana Life Sciences plc in April 2014 as a result of the acquisition of Tiziana
Pharma Limited in April 2014. On October 19, 2021, we became a Bermuda-incorporated company that is tax resident in England. Our new name
is Tiziana Life Sciences Ltd.
Our registered office is located
at Clarendon House, 2 Church Street, Hamilton HM 11, Bermuda and our telephone number is +44 (0) 20 7495 2379. Our website address is
www.tizianalifesciences.com. The reference to our website is an inactive textual reference only and the information contained in,
or that can be accessed through, our website is not a part of this registration statement. Our agent for service of process in the United
States is Tiziana Therapeutics, Inc.
“Tiziana,” the
Tiziana logo and other trademarks or service marks of Tiziana Life Sciences Ltd. appearing in this prospectus are the property of Tiziana
or our subsidiaries. This prospectus contains additional trade names, trademarks and service marks of others, which are the property of
their respective owners. Solely for convenience, trademarks and trade names referred to in this prospectus may appear without the ®
or TM symbols.
RISK FACTORS
Investing in our securities
involves significant risk. The prospectus supplement applicable to each offering of our securities will contain a discussion of the risks
applicable to an investment in our company. Prior to making a decision about investing in our securities, you should carefully consider
the specific factors discussed under the heading “Risk Factors” in the applicable prospectus supplement, together with all
of the other information contained or incorporated by reference in the prospectus supplement or appearing or incorporated by reference
in this prospectus. You should also consider the risks, uncertainties and assumptions discussed under the heading “Risk Factors”
included in our most recent Annual Report on Form 20-F and any subsequent Annual Reports on Form 20-F we file after
the date of this prospectus, and all other information contained in or incorporated by reference into this prospectus or the registration
statement of which this prospectus forms a part, as updated by our subsequent filings under the Exchange Act and the risk factors and
other information contained in any applicable prospectus supplement before acquiring any of our securities. Additional risks and uncertainties
not presently known to us or that we currently deem immaterial may also affect our operations. The occurrence of any of these risks might
cause you to lose all or part of your investment in the offered securities.
CAPITALIZATION
A prospectus supplement or
report on Form 6-K incorporated by reference into the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part will include
information on our consolidated capitalization.
USE OF PROCEEDS
Except as otherwise provided
in the applicable prospectus supplement, we intend to use the net proceeds from the sale of the securities offered by this prospectus
for general corporate purposes, which may include working capital, capital expenditures, research and development expenditures, regulatory
affairs expenditures, clinical trial expenditures, acquisitions of new technologies and investments, and the repayment, refinancing, redemption
or repurchase of indebtedness or capital stock.
The intended application of
proceeds from the sale of any particular offering of securities using this prospectus will be described in the accompanying prospectus
supplement relating to such offering. The precise amount and timing of the application of these proceeds will depend on our funding requirements
and the availability and costs of other funds.
DESCRIPTION
OF SHARE CAPITAL AND MEMORANDUM OF ASSOCIATION
Introduction
Set forth below is a summary
of certain information concerning our share capital as well as a description of certain provisions of our memorandum of association, or
Memorandum, and relevant provisions of the Bermuda Companies Act. The summary below contains only material information concerning our
share capital and corporate status and does not purport to be complete and is qualified in its entirety by reference to our memorandum
of association and applicable Bermuda law.
We were originally incorporated
under the laws of England and Wales on February 11, 1998 under the name of Bigboom plc, with the goal of leveraging the expertise of our
management team as well as Dr. Napoleone Ferrara, Dr. Arun Sanyal, Dr. Howard Weiner and Dr. Kevan Herold, and to acquire and exploit
certain intellectual property in biotechnology. We subsequently changed our name to Tiziana Life Sciences plc in April 2014 as a result
of the acquisition of Tiziana Pharma Limited in April 2014. On October 19, 2021, pursuant to a UK scheme of arrangement, a Bermuda-incorporated
company that is tax resident in England acquired the business of Tiziana Life Sciences plc, in succession to us, and the holders of ordinary
shares of Tiziana Life Sciences plc received new common shares of the Bermuda company in exchange for their ordinary shares of Tiziana
Life Sciences plc. Our new name, operating as a Bermuda company, is Tiziana Life Sciences Ltd.
Our registered office is located
at Clarendon House, 2 Church Street, Hamilton HM 11, Bermuda and our telephone number is +44 (0) 20 7495 2379. Our website address is
www.tizianalifesciences.com. The reference to our website is an inactive textual reference only and the information contained in,
or that can be accessed through, our website is not a part of this registration statement.
General
Our share capital comprises
common shares of par value $0.001 each and preference shares of par value $0.001 each. Subject to a resolution of shareholders to the
contrary and any special rights previously conferred on the holders of any existing shares or class of shares, the Board is authorized
to issue any unissued shares on such terms and conditions as it may determine.
Share Capital
Voting Rights
Each holder of our common
shares is entitled to one vote for each share on all matters submitted to a vote of the shareholders. Under our Bye-laws, at any general
meeting held for the purpose of electing directors at which a quorum is present, the director nominees receiving the most votes (up to
the number of Directors to be elected) shall be elected as Directors, and an absolute majority of the votes cast shall not be a prerequisite
to the election of such Directors.
Dividends
The Board may, subject to
the our Bye-laws and in accordance with Section 54 of the Bermuda Companies Act, declare a dividend to be paid to the shareholders, in
proportion to the number of shares held by them, and such dividend may be paid in cash or in specie. Dividends unclaimed after seven years
from the date when the respective dividend became payable shall, if the Board so resolves, be forfeited and cease to remain owing by us.
Liquidation
On winding-up the liquidator
may with the authority of a resolution of the members, divide the whole or any part of our the assets among the shareholders, in whole
or part, in specie or vest the whole or any part of the assets upon such trusts as the liquidator shall think fit.
Rights and Preferences
The rights, preferences and
privileges of the holders of our common shares is subject to and may be adversely affected by the rights of the holders of shares of any
series of preference shares that we may designate in the future.
Preferred Stock
Subject to our Bye-laws and
Bermuda law, the Board has the power to issue any of our unissued shares as it determines, including the issuance of any shares or class
of shares with preferred, deferred or other special rights.
DESCRIPTION OF WARRANTS
We may issue and offer warrants
under the material terms and conditions described in this prospectus and any accompanying prospectus supplement. The accompanying prospectus
supplement may add, update or change the terms and conditions of the warrants as described in this prospectus.
We may issue warrants to purchase
our common shares. Warrants may be issued independently or together with any securities and may be attached to or separate from those
securities. The warrants may be issued under warrant or subscription agreements to be entered into between us and a bank or trust company,
as warrant agent, all of which will be described in the prospectus supplement relating to the warrants we are offering. The warrant agent
will act solely as our agent in connection with the warrants and will not have any obligation or relationship of agency or trust for or
with any holders or beneficial owners of warrants.
The particular terms of the
warrants, the warrant or subscription agreements relating to the warrants and the warrant certificates representing the warrants will
be described in the applicable prospectus supplement, including, as applicable:
|
● |
the title of such warrants; |
|
● |
the aggregate number of such warrants; |
|
● |
the price or prices at which such warrants will be issued and exercised; |
|
● |
the currency or currencies in which the price of such warrants will be payable; |
|
● |
the date on which the right to exercise such warrants shall commence and the date on which such right shall expire; |
|
● |
if applicable, the minimum or maximum amount of such warrants which may be exercised at any one time; |
|
● |
if applicable, the designation and terms of the securities with which such warrants are issued and the number of such warrants issued with each such security; |
|
● |
if applicable, the date on and after which such warrants and the related securities will be separately transferable; |
|
● |
if applicable, any provisions for cashless exercise of the warrants; |
|
● |
if applicable, any exercise limitations with respect to the ownership limitations by the holder exercising the warrant; |
|
● |
information with respect to book-entry procedures, if any; |
|
● |
any material U.K. and United States federal income tax consequences; |
|
● |
the anti-dilution provisions of the warrants, if any; and |
|
● |
any other terms of such warrants, including terms, procedures and limitations relating to the exchange and exercise of such warrants. |
Holders of warrants will not
be entitled, solely by virtue of being holders, to vote, to consent, to receive dividends, to receive notice as shareholders with respect
to any meeting of shareholders for the election of directors or any other matters, or to exercise any rights whatsoever as a holder of
the equity securities purchasable upon exercise of the warrants.
The description in the applicable
prospectus supplement of any warrants we offer will not necessarily be complete and will be qualified in its entirety by reference to
the applicable warrant agreement and warrant certificate, which will be filed with the SEC if we offer warrants. For more information
on how you can obtain copies of the applicable warrant agreement if we offer warrants, see “Where You Can Find More Information”
and “Incorporation of Certain Information by Reference.” We urge you to read any applicable prospectus supplement and the
applicable warrant agreement and form of warrant certificate in their entirety.
DESCRIPTION OF UNITS
We may issue units comprised
of one or more of the other securities described in this prospectus in any combination. Each unit will be issued so that the holder of
the unit is also the holder of each security included in the unit. Thus, the holder of a unit will have the rights and obligations of
a holder of each included security. The unit agreement under which a unit is issued may provide that the securities included in the unit
may not be held or transferred separately, at any time or at any time before a specified date.
The applicable prospectus
supplement will describe:
|
● |
the designation and terms of the units and of the securities comprising the units, including whether and under what circumstances those securities may be held or transferred separately; |
|
● |
any unit agreement under which the units will be issued; |
|
● |
any provisions for the issuance, payment, settlement, transfer or exchange of the units or of the securities comprising the units; and |
|
● |
whether the units will be issued in fully registered or global form. |
The applicable prospectus
supplement will describe the terms of any units. The preceding description and any description of units in the applicable prospectus supplement
does not purport to be complete and is subject to and is qualified in its entirety by reference to the unit agreement and, if applicable,
collateral arrangements and depositary arrangements relating to such units. For more information on how you can obtain copies of the applicable
unit agreement if we offer units, see “Where You Can Find More Information” and “Incorporation of Certain Information
by Reference.” We urge you to read the applicable unit agreement and any applicable prospectus supplement in their entirety.
PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION
The securities being offered
by this prospectus may be sold:
|
● |
to or through one or more underwriters on a firm commitment or agency basis; |
|
● |
through put or call option transactions relating to the securities; |
|
● |
to or through dealers, who may act as agents or principals, including a block trade (which may involve crosses) in which a broker or dealer so engaged will attempt to sell as agent but may position and resell a portion of the block as principal to facilitate the transaction; |
|
● |
through privately negotiated transactions; |
|
● |
purchases by a broker or dealer as principal and resale by such broker or dealer for its own account pursuant to this prospectus; |
|
● |
directly to purchasers, including our affiliates, through a specific bidding or auction process, on a negotiated basis or otherwise; |
|
● |
exchange distributions and/or secondary distributions; |
|
● |
ordinary brokerage transactions and transactions in which the broker solicits purchasers; |
|
● |
in “at-the-market” offerings, within the meaning of Rule 415(a)(4) of the Securities Act to or through a market maker or into an existing trading market, on an exchange or otherwise; |
|
● |
transactions not involving market makers or established trading markets, including direct sales or privately negotiated transactions; |
|
● |
transactions in options, swaps or other derivatives that may or may not be listed on an exchange; |
|
● |
through any other method permitted pursuant to applicable law; or |
|
● |
through a combination of any such methods of sale. |
At any time a particular offer
of the securities covered by this prospectus is made, a revised prospectus or prospectus supplement, if required, will be distributed
which will set forth the aggregate amount of securities covered by this prospectus being offered and the terms of the offering, including
the name or names of any underwriters, dealers, brokers or agents, any discounts, commissions, concessions and other items constituting
compensation from us and any discounts, commissions or concessions allowed or re-allowed or paid to dealers. Such prospectus supplement,
and, if necessary, a post-effective amendment to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part, will be filed with the
SEC to reflect the disclosure of additional information with respect to the distribution of the securities covered by this prospectus.
In order to comply with the securities laws of certain states, if applicable, the securities sold under this prospectus may only be sold
through registered or licensed broker-dealers. In addition, in some states the securities may not be sold unless they have been registered
or qualified for sale in the applicable state or an exemption from registration or qualification requirements is available and is complied
with.
The distribution of securities
may be effected from time to time in one or more transactions, including block transactions and transactions on The Nasdaq Global Market
or any other organized market where the securities may be traded. The securities may be sold at a fixed price or prices, which may be
changed, or at market prices prevailing at the time of sale, at prices relating to the prevailing market prices or at negotiated prices.
The consideration may be cash or another form negotiated by the parties. Agents, underwriters or broker-dealers may be paid compensation
for offering and selling the securities. That compensation may be in the form of discounts, concessions or commissions to be received
from us or from the purchasers of the securities. Any dealers and agents participating in the distribution of the securities may be deemed
to be underwriters, and compensation received by them on resale of the securities may be deemed to be underwriting discounts. If any such
dealers or agents were deemed to be underwriters, they may be subject to statutory liabilities under the Securities Act.
Agents may from time to time
solicit offers to purchase the securities. If required, we will name in the applicable prospectus supplement any agent involved in the
offer or sale of the securities and set forth any compensation payable to the agent. Unless otherwise indicated in the prospectus supplement,
any agent will be acting on a best efforts basis for the period of its appointment. Any agent selling the securities covered by this prospectus
may be deemed to be an underwriter, as that term is defined in the Securities Act, of the securities.
To the extent that we make
sales to or through one or more underwriters or agents in at-the-market offerings, we will do so pursuant to the terms of a distribution
agreement between us and the underwriters or agents. If we engage in at-the-market sales pursuant to a distribution agreement, we will
sell any of our listed securities to or through one or more underwriters or agents, which may act on an agency basis or on a principal
basis. During the term of any such agreement, we may sell any of our listed securities on a daily basis in exchange transactions or otherwise
as we agree with the underwriters or agents. The distribution agreement will provide that any of our listed securities which are sold
will be sold at prices related to the then prevailing market prices for our listed securities. Therefore, exact figures regarding proceeds
that will be raised or commissions to be paid cannot be determined at this time and will be described in a prospectus supplement. Pursuant
to the terms of the distribution agreement, we also may agree to sell, and the relevant underwriters or agents may agree to solicit offers
to purchase, blocks of our listed securities. The terms of each such distribution agreement will be set forth in more detail in a prospectus
supplement to this prospectus.
If underwriters are used in
a sale, securities will be acquired by the underwriters for their own account and may be resold from time to time in one or more transactions,
including negotiated transactions, at a fixed public offering price or at varying prices determined at the time of sale, or under delayed
delivery contracts or other contractual commitments. Securities may be offered to the public either through underwriting syndicates represented
by one or more managing underwriters or directly by one or more firms acting as underwriters. If an underwriter or underwriters are used
in the sale of securities, an underwriting agreement will be executed with the underwriter or underwriters, as well as any other underwriter
or underwriters, with respect to a particular underwritten offering of securities, and will set forth the terms of the transactions, including
compensation of the underwriters and dealers and the public offering price, if applicable. The prospectus and prospectus supplement will
be used by the underwriters to resell the securities.
If a dealer is used in the
sale of the securities, we or an underwriter will sell the securities to the dealer, as principal. The dealer may then resell the securities
to the public at varying prices to be determined by the dealer at the time of resale. To the extent required, we will set forth in the
prospectus supplement the name of the dealer and the terms of the transactions.
We may directly solicit offers
to purchase the securities and may make sales of securities directly to institutional investors or others. These persons may be deemed
to be underwriters within the meaning of the Securities Act with respect to any resale of the securities. To the extent required, the
prospectus supplement will describe the terms of any such sales, including the terms of any bidding or auction process, if used.
Agents, underwriters and dealers
may be entitled under agreements which may be entered into with us to indemnification by us against specified liabilities, including liabilities
incurred under the Securities Act, or to contribution by us to payments they may be required to make in respect of such liabilities. If
required, the prospectus supplement will describe the terms and conditions of the indemnification or contribution. Some of the agents,
underwriters or dealers, or their affiliates may be customers of, engage in transactions with or perform services for us or our subsidiaries.
Any person participating in
the distribution of securities registered under the registration statement that includes this prospectus will be subject to applicable
provisions of the Exchange Act and the applicable SEC rules and regulations, including, among others, Regulation M, which may limit
the timing of purchases and sales of any of our securities by that person. Furthermore, Regulation M may restrict the ability of
any person engaged in the distribution of our securities to engage in market-making activities with respect to our securities. These restrictions
may affect the marketability of our securities and the ability of any person or entity to engage in market-making activities with respect
to our securities.
Certain persons participating
in an offering may engage in over-allotment, stabilizing transactions, short-covering transactions, penalty bids and other transactions
that stabilize, maintain or otherwise affect the price of the offered securities. These activities may maintain the price of the offered
securities at levels above those that might otherwise prevail in the open market, including by entering stabilizing bids, effecting syndicate
covering transactions or imposing penalty bids, each of which is described below:
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a stabilizing bid means the placing of any bid, or the effecting of any purchase, for the purpose of pegging, fixing or maintaining the price of a security. |
|
● |
a syndicate covering transaction means the placing of any bid on behalf of the underwriting syndicate or the effecting of any purchase to reduce a short position created in connection with the offering. |
|
● |
a penalty bid means an arrangement that permits the managing underwriter to reclaim a selling concession from a syndicate member in connection with the offering when offered securities originally sold by the syndicate member are purchased in syndicate covering transactions. |
These transactions may be
effected on an exchange or automated quotation system, if the securities are listed on that exchange or admitted for trading on that automated
quotation system, or in the over-the-counter market or otherwise.
If so indicated in the applicable
prospectus supplement, we will authorize agents, underwriters or dealers to solicit offers from certain types of institutions to purchase
offered securities from us at the public offering price set forth in such prospectus supplement pursuant to delayed delivery contracts
providing for payment and delivery on a specified date in the future. Such contracts will be subject only to those conditions set forth
in the prospectus supplement and the prospectus supplement will set forth the commission payable for solicitation of such contracts.
In addition, the securities
may be issued upon conversion of or in exchange for debt securities or other securities.
Any underwriters to whom offered
securities are sold for public offering and sale may make a market in such offered securities, but such underwriters will not be obligated
to do so and may discontinue any market making at any time without notice. The offered securities may or may not be listed on a national
securities exchange. No assurance can be given that there will be a market for the offered securities.
Any securities that qualify
for sale pursuant to Rule 144 or Regulation S under the Securities Act, may be sold under Rule 144 or Regulation S
rather than pursuant to this prospectus.
In connection with offerings
made through underwriters or agents, we may enter into agreements with such underwriters or agents pursuant to which we receive our outstanding
securities in consideration for the securities being offered to the public for cash. In connection with these arrangements, the underwriters
or agents may also sell securities covered by this prospectus to hedge their positions in these outstanding securities, including in short
sale transactions. If so, the underwriters or agents may use the securities received from us under these arrangements to close out any
related open borrowings of securities.
We may enter into derivative
transactions with third parties or sell securities not covered by this prospectus to third parties in privately negotiated transactions.
If the applicable prospectus supplement indicates, in connection with those derivatives, such third parties (or affiliates of such third
parties) may sell securities covered by this prospectus and the applicable prospectus supplement, including in short sale transactions.
If so, such third parties (or affiliates of such third parties) may use securities pledged by us or borrowed from us or others to settle
those sales or to close out any related open borrowings of shares, and may use securities received from us in settlement of those derivatives
to close out any related open borrowings of shares. The third parties (or affiliates of such third parties) in such sale transactions
will be underwriters and will be identified in the applicable prospectus supplement (or a post-effective amendment).
We may loan or pledge securities
to a financial institution or other third party that in turn may sell the securities using this prospectus. Such financial institution
or third party may transfer its short position to investors in our securities or in connection with a simultaneous offering of other securities
offered by this prospectus or in connection with a simultaneous offering of other securities offered by this prospectus.
TAXATION
The material U.S. federal
income tax consequences relating to the purchase, ownership and disposition of any of the securities offered by this prospectus will be
set forth in the prospectus supplement offering those securities.
EXPENSES
The following is a statement
of expenses in connection with the distribution of the securities registered. All amounts shown are estimates except the SEC registration
fee and FINRA fee. The estimates do not include expenses related to offerings of particular securities. Each prospectus supplement describing
an offering of securities will reflect the estimated expenses related to the offering of securities under that prospectus supplement.
U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission registration fee |
|
$ |
27,275 |
|
FINRA fee |
|
|
38,000 |
|
Legal fees and expenses |
|
|
30,000 |
|
Accounting fees and expenses |
|
|
10,000 |
|
Other miscellaneous fees and expenses |
|
|
2,225 |
|
Total |
|
$ |
107,500 |
|
LEGAL MATTERS
Certain legal matters with
respect to Bermuda law with respect to the validity of the offered securities will be passed upon for the Company by Conyers Dill &
Pearman Limited. Sheppard Mullin Richter & Hampton, LLP, New York, New York, will be passing upon matters of United States law for
us with respect to securities offered by this prospectus and any accompanying prospectus supplement.
EXPERTS
The Form 20-F for the fiscal
year ended 31 December 2020 which includes the consolidated financial statements of Tiziana Life Sciences plc as of December 31, 2020
and 2019, and for each of the years then ended, together with the report of Mazars LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm
has been incorporated by reference upon the authority of said firm as experts in accounting and auditing. The registered business
address of Mazars LLP is Tower Bridge House, St Katharine’s Way, London E1W 1DD.
ENFORCEMENT OF CIVIL LIABILITIES
We are incorporated and currently
existing under the laws of Bermuda. In addition, certain of our directors and officers reside outside the United States, and most of the
assets of our non-U.S. subsidiaries are located outside the United States. As a result, it may be difficult for investors to effect service
of process on us or those persons in the United States or to enforce in the United States judgments obtained in United States courts against
us or those persons based on the civil liability or other provisions of the United States securities laws or other laws. In addition,
uncertainty exists as to whether the courts of Bermuda would:
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● |
recognize or enforce judgments of United States courts obtained against us or our directors or officers predicated upon the civil liabilities provisions of the securities laws of the United States or any state in the United States; or |
|
● |
entertain original actions brought in England and Wales against us or our directors or officers predicated upon the securities laws of the United States or any state in the United States. |
We have been advised by Conyers
Dill & Pearman Limited that there is currently no treaty between (i) the United States and (ii) Bermuda providing for reciprocal
recognition and enforcement of judgments of United States courts in civil and commercial matters (although the United States and the United
Kingdom are both parties to the New York Convention on the Recognition and Enforcement of Foreign Arbitral Awards) and that a final judgment
for the payment of money rendered by any general or state court in the United States based on civil liability, whether predicated solely
upon the United States securities laws, would not be automatically enforceable in Bermuda. We have also been advised by Conyers Dill &
Pearman Limited that any final and conclusive monetary judgment for a definite sum obtained against us in United States courts would be
treated by the courts of England and Wales as a cause of action in itself and sued upon as a debt at common law so that no retrial of
the issues would be necessary, provided that (1) the U.S. court had proper jurisdiction over the parties subject to the judgment; (2)
the U.S. court did not contravene the rules of natural justice of Bermuda; (3) the U.S. judgment was not obtained by fraud; (4) the enforcement
of the U.S. judgment would not be contrary to the public policy of Bermuda; (5) no new admissible evidence relevant to the action is submitted
prior to the rendering of the judgment by the courts of Bermuda; (6) there is due compliance with the correct procedures under the laws
of Bermuda; and (7) the U.S. judgment is not inconsistent with any judgment of the courts of Bermuda in respect of the same matter
Whether these requirements
are met in respect of a judgment based upon the civil liability provisions of the United States securities laws, including whether the
award of monetary damages under such laws would constitute a penalty, is an issue for the court making such decision.
Subject to the foregoing,
investors may be able to enforce in Bermuda judgments in civil and commercial matters that have been obtained from U.S. federal or state
courts. Nevertheless, we cannot assure you that those judgments will be recognized or enforceable in Bermuda.
If a Bermuda court gives judgment
for the sum payable under a U.S. judgment, the Bermuda judgment will be enforceable by methods generally available for this purpose. These
methods generally permit the Bermuda court discretion to prescribe the manner of enforcement. In addition, it may not be possible to obtain
an Bermuda judgment or to enforce that judgment if the judgment debtor is or becomes subject to any insolvency or similar proceedings,
or if the judgment debtor has any set-off or counterclaim against the judgment creditor. Also note that, in any enforcement proceedings,
the judgment debtor may raise any counterclaim that could have been brought if the action had been originally brought in Bermuda unless
the subject of the counterclaim was in issue and denied in the U.S. proceedings.
INCORPORATION OF CERTAIN INFORMATION BY REFERENCE
The SEC allows us to “incorporate
by reference” information into this prospectus, which means that we can disclose important information to you by referring you to
other documents which we have filed or will file with the SEC. The information incorporated by reference is considered a part of this
prospectus and should be read carefully. Certain information in this prospectus supersedes information incorporated by reference that
we filed with the SEC prior to the date of this prospectus. Certain information that we file later with the SEC will automatically update
and supersede the information in this prospectus. Any statement so modified or superseded shall not be deemed, except as so modified or
superseded, to constitute a part of this prospectus.
We incorporate by reference
into this prospectus and the registration statement of which it is a part the following documents, including any amendments to such filings:
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our Annual Report on Form 20-F for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2020; |
|
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our Reports on Form 6-K and
6-K/A furnished to the SEC on January 4, 2021, January 13, 2021, January 20, 2021, January 27, 2021, February 2, 2021, February 3, 2021, February 5, 2021, (2), February 26, 2021, March 30, 2021 (2), April 13, 2021, May 5, 2021, May 21, 2021, May 25, 2021, May 26, 2021, June 17, 2021, June 21, 2021, June 23, 2021, June 25, 2021, July 2, 2021, July 8, 2021, August 17, 2021, August 20, 2021,
September 2, 2021, September 24, 2021, September 27, 2021, October 19, 2021, October 21, 2021, January 10, 2022, January
13, 2022, January 20,
2022, January 24, 2022,
February 4, 2022, and
February 22, 2022;
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|
● |
our Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on October 21, 2021; and |
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the description of our common shares contained in our Registration Statement on Form 8-A filed with the SEC on October 30, 2018, including any amendments or reports filed for the purpose of updating such description. |
We are also incorporating
by reference all subsequent Annual Reports on Form 20-F that we file with the SEC and certain reports on Form 6-K that
we furnish to the SEC after the date of this prospectus (if they state that they are incorporated by reference into this prospectus) prior
to the termination of this offering. In all cases, you should rely on the later information over different information included in this
prospectus or any accompanying prospectus supplement.
Unless expressly incorporated
by reference, nothing in this prospectus shall be deemed to incorporate by reference information furnished to, but not filed with, the
SEC. Copies of all documents incorporated by reference in this prospectus, other than exhibits to those documents unless such exhibits
are specifically incorporated by reference in this prospectus, will be provided at no cost to each person, including any beneficial owner,
who receives a copy of this prospectus on the written or oral request of that person made to:
Tiziana Life Sciences Ltd.
Clarendon House,
2 Church Street,
Hamilton HM 11,
Bermuda
+44 (0) 20 7495 2379
You may also access these
documents on our website, www.tizianalifesciences.com. The information contained on, or that can be accessed through, our
website is not a part of this prospectus. We have included our website address in this prospectus solely as an inactive textual reference.
You should rely only on information
contained in, or incorporated by reference into, this prospectus. We have not authorized anyone to provide you with information different
from that contained in this prospectus or incorporated by reference in this prospectus. We are not making offers to sell the securities
in any jurisdiction in which such an offer or solicitation is not authorized or in which the person making such offer or solicitation
is not qualified to do so or to anyone to whom it is unlawful to make such offer or solicitation.
WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION
We have filed with the SEC
a registration statement (including amendments and exhibits to the registration statement) on Form F-3 under the Securities Act.
This prospectus, which is part of the registration statement, does not contain all of the information set forth in the registration statement
and the exhibits and schedules to the registration statement. For further information, we refer you to the registration statement and
the exhibits and schedules filed as part of the registration statement. If a document has been filed as an exhibit to the registration
statement, we refer you to the copy of the document that has been filed. Each statement in this prospectus relating to a document filed
as an exhibit is qualified in all respects by the filed exhibit.
We are subject to the informational
requirements of the Exchange Act. Our Annual Report on Form 20-F for the year ending December 31, 2020 has been filed with the SEC.
The company has also filed periodic reports with the SEC on Form 6-K. You may inspect and copy reports and other information filed
with the SEC at the Public Reference Room at 100 F Street, N.E., Washington, D.C. 20549. Information on the operation of the
Public Reference Room may be obtained by calling the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330. In addition, the SEC maintains an Internet website that contains
reports and other information about issuers, like us, that file electronically with the SEC. The address of that website is www.sec.gov.
As a foreign private issuer,
we are exempt under the Exchange Act from, among other things, the rules prescribing the furnishing and content of proxy statements, and
our executive officers, directors and principal shareholders are exempt from the reporting and short-swing profit recovery provisions
contained in Section 16 of the Exchange Act. In addition, we will not be required under the Exchange Act to file periodic reports
and financial statements with the SEC as frequently or as promptly as U.S. companies whose securities are registered under the Exchange
Act.
5,263,158
Common Shares
Tiziana Life Sciences Ltd.
PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT
Titan Partners
Group
a division of American Capital Partners
October 30, 2024
Tiziana Life Sciences (NASDAQ:TLSA)
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