ITEM 2. |
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
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This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (this “Quarterly Report”) contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange
Act of 1934, as amended, that represent our current expectations and beliefs. All statements other than statements of historical fact are “forward-looking statements” for purposes of federal and state securities laws and include, but are not limited
to, statements of management’s expectations regarding our performance, initiatives, strategies, product introductions and offerings, growth, opportunities and risks; statements of projections regarding future sales, expenses, operating results, taxes
and duties, capital expenditures, sources and uses of cash, foreign-currency fluctuations or devaluations, repatriation of undistributed earnings, and other financial items; statements of management’s expectations and beliefs regarding our markets
and global economic conditions; statements regarding the payment of future dividends and stock repurchases; statements regarding the outcome of litigation, audits, investigations or other regulatory actions; statements regarding government policies
and regulations relating to our industry, including government policies and regulations in Mainland China; accounting estimates and assumptions; statements of belief; and statements of assumptions underlying any of the foregoing. In some cases, you
can identify these statements by forward-looking words such as “believe,” “expect,” “optimistic,” “project,” “anticipate,” “determine,” “estimate,” “intend,” “plan,” “goal,” “objective,” “targets,” “become,” “likely,” “will,” “would,” “could,” “may,”
“might,” the negative of these words and other similar words. We undertake no obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statement, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, except as required by law. We
caution and advise readers that these statements are based on assumptions that may not be realized and involve risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from the expectations and beliefs contained herein. For a
summary of these risks, see the risk factors included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the 2022 fiscal year and in any of our subsequent Securities and Exchange Commission filings.
The following Management’s Discussion and Analysis should be read in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and related notes and Management’s Discussion and Analysis included in our Annual Report on
Form 10-K for the 2022 fiscal year, and our other reports filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission through the date of this Quarterly Report.
Overview
Revenue for the three-month period ended March 31, 2023 decreased 20% to $481.5 million, compared to $604.9 million in the prior-year period. Our revenue in the first quarter of 2023 was negatively impacted 4% from
foreign-currency fluctuations. Our Customers, Paid Affiliates and Sales Leaders declined 18%, 12% and 17%, respectively, on a year-over-year basis.
The declines for the three-month period ended March 31, 2023 were largely driven by the continued macroeconomic challenges we’ve been facing in our markets. We remain optimistic as we continue the product launch of our
new personalized approach to weight management with ageLOC TRMe in several markets, along with our next smart connected device system, for which we plan to begin our launch process in the back half of the
year.
Earnings per share for the first quarter of 2023 decreased 70% to $0.23, compared to $0.76 in the prior-year period. The decrease in earnings per share for the quarter is primarily driven by the decline in revenue
along with $9.8 million of restructuring charges.
Segment Results
We report our business in nine segments to reflect our current management approach. These segments consist of our seven geographic Nu Skin segments—Americas, South Korea, Mainland China, Southeast Asia/Pacific, Japan,
EMEA and Hong Kong/Taiwan —and our Rhyz Investment segments—Manufacturing and Rhyz other. The Nu Skin Other category includes miscellaneous corporate revenue and related adjustments.
The following table sets forth revenue for the three-month periods ended March 31, 2023 and 2022 for each of our reportable segments (U.S. dollars in thousands):
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Three Months Ended
March 31,
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|
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Constant-
Currency
|
|
|
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2023
|
|
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2022
|
|
|
Change
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|
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Change(1)
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Nu Skin
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
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Americas
|
|
$
|
101,157
|
|
|
$
|
123,580
|
|
|
|
(18
|
)%
|
|
|
(15
|
)%
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South Korea
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|
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70,324
|
|
|
|
72,133
|
|
|
|
(3
|
)%
|
|
|
3
|
%
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Mainland China
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|
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67,976
|
|
|
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124,495
|
|
|
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(45
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)%
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|
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(41
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)%
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Southeast Asia/Pacific
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|
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67,810
|
|
|
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90,236
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|
|
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(25
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)%
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|
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(21
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)%
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Japan
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|
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52,606
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|
|
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61,791
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|
|
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(15
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)%
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|
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(3
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)%
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EMEA
|
|
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47,444
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|
|
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52,968
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|
|
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(10
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)%
|
|
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(6
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)%
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Hong Kong/Taiwan
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|
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34,548
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|
|
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38,494
|
|
|
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(10
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)%
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|
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(5
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)%
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Other
|
|
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(115
|
)
|
|
|
620
|
|
|
|
(119
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)%
|
|
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(119
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)%
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Total Nu Skin
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|
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441,750
|
|
|
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564,317
|
|
|
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(22
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)%
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|
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(17
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)%
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Rhyz Investments
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
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Manufacturing
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35,767
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|
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40,341
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|
|
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(11
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)%
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|
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(11
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)%
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Rhyz other
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|
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3,945
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|
|
|
241
|
|
|
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1,537
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%
|
|
|
1,537
|
%
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Total Rhyz Investments
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|
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39,712
|
|
|
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40,582
|
|
|
|
(2
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)%
|
|
|
(2
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)%
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Total
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$
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481,462
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|
|
$
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604,899
|
|
|
|
(20
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)%
|
|
|
(16
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)%
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(1) |
Constant-currency revenue change is a non-GAAP financial measure. See “Non-GAAP Financial Measures,” below.
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The following table sets forth segment contribution for the three-month periods ended March 31, 2023 and 2022 for each of our reportable segments (U.S. dollars in thousands). Segment contribution excludes certain
intercompany charges, specifically royalties, license fees, transfer pricing and other miscellaneous items. We use segment contribution to measure the portion of profitability that the segment managers have the ability to control for their respective
segments. The prior year segment contribution has been recast due to a change in how we allocate certain corporate costs. Consolidated financial information was not affected. For additional information regarding our segments and the calculation of
segment contribution, see Note 10 to the consolidated financial statements contained in this report.
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Three Months Ended
March 31,
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2023
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|
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2022
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Change
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Nu Skin
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
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Americas
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|
$
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16,250
|
|
|
$
|
21,951
|
|
|
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(26
|
)%
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South Korea
|
|
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23,575
|
|
|
|
21,998
|
|
|
|
7
|
%
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Mainland China
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13,612
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|
|
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28,995
|
|
|
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(53
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)%
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Southeast Asia/Pacific
|
|
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12,471
|
|
|
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20,996
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|
|
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(41
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)%
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Japan
|
|
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12,908
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|
|
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14,420
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|
|
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(10
|
)%
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EMEA
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|
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3,638
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|
|
|
2,622
|
|
|
|
39
|
%
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Hong Kong/Taiwan
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|
|
7,834
|
|
|
|
8,086
|
|
|
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(3
|
)%
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Total Nu Skin
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|
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90,288
|
|
|
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119,068
|
|
|
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(24
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)%
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Rhyz Investments
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
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Manufacturing
|
|
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(1,373
|
)
|
|
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3,292
|
|
|
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(142
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)%
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Rhyz other
|
|
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(1,960
|
)
|
|
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(1,046
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)
|
|
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(87
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)%
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Total Rhyz Investments
|
|
|
(3,333
|
)
|
|
|
2,246
|
|
|
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(248
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)%
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The following table provides information concerning the number of Customers, Paid Affiliates and Sales Leaders in our core Nu Skin business for the three-month periods ended March 31, 2023 and 2022.
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● |
“Customers” are persons who have purchased directly from the Company during the three months ended as of the date indicated. Our Customer numbers include members of our sales force who made such a purchase, including Paid Affiliates and
those who qualify as Sales Leaders, but they do not include consumers who purchase directly from members of our sales force.
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● |
“Paid Affiliates” are any Brand Affiliates, as well as members of our sales force in Mainland China, who earned sales compensation during the three-month period. In all of our markets besides Mainland China, we refer to members of our
independent sales force as “Brand Affiliates” because their primary role is to promote our brand and products through their personal social networks.
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● |
“Sales Leaders” are the three-month average of our monthly Brand Affiliates, as well as sales employees and independent marketers in Mainland China, who achieved certain qualification requirements as of the end of each month of the
quarter.
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Three Months Ended
March 31,
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2023
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|
2022
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|
Change
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Customers
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|
|
|
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|
|
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Americas
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|
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266,378
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|
|
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318,458
|
|
|
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(16
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)%
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South Korea
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|
|
120,907
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|
|
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140,648
|
|
|
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(14
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)%
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Mainland China
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|
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217,101
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|
|
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289,060
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|
|
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(25
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)%
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Southeast Asia/Pacific
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|
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117,266
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|
|
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165,657
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|
|
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(29
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)%
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Japan
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|
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115,161
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|
|
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122,616
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|
|
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(6
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)%
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EMEA
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|
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190,313
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|
|
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216,037
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|
|
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(12
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)%
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Hong Kong/Taiwan
|
|
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56,410
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|
|
|
68,975
|
|
|
|
(18
|
)%
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Total Customers
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|
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1,083,536
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|
|
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1,321,451
|
|
|
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(18
|
)%
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
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Paid Affiliates
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
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Americas
|
|
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38,707
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|
|
|
46,317
|
|
|
|
(16
|
)%
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South Korea
|
|
|
40,599
|
|
|
|
49,474
|
|
|
|
(18
|
)%
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Mainland China
|
|
|
24,522
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|
|
|
22,783
|
|
|
|
8
|
%
|
Southeast Asia/Pacific
|
|
|
36,431
|
|
|
|
43,347
|
|
|
|
(16
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)%
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Japan
|
|
|
37,155
|
|
|
|
38,096
|
|
|
|
(2
|
)%
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EMEA
|
|
|
27,654
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|
|
|
33,914
|
|
|
|
(18
|
)%
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Hong Kong/Taiwan
|
|
|
16,286
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|
|
|
17,928
|
|
|
|
(9
|
)%
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Total Paid Affiliates
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|
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221,354
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|
|
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251,859
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|
|
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(12
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)%
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Sales Leaders
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Americas
|
|
|
8,242
|
|
|
|
9,548
|
|
|
|
(14
|
)%
|
South Korea
|
|
|
6,242
|
|
|
|
6,072
|
|
|
|
3
|
%
|
Mainland China(1)
|
|
|
10,034
|
|
|
|
14,146
|
|
|
|
(29
|
)%
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Southeast Asia/Pacific
|
|
|
6,337
|
|
|
|
8,012
|
|
|
|
(21
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)%
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Japan
|
|
|
5,688
|
|
|
|
5,977
|
|
|
|
(5
|
)%
|
EMEA
|
|
|
4,524
|
|
|
|
5,455
|
|
|
|
(17
|
)%
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Hong Kong/Taiwan
|
|
|
2,688
|
|
|
|
3,253
|
|
|
|
(17
|
)%
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Total Sales Leaders
|
|
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43,755
|
|
|
|
52,463
|
|
|
|
(17
|
)%
|
(1)
|
The March 31, 2023 number reflects a modified Sales Leader definition. See “Mainland China,” below.
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The following is a narrative discussion of our results in each segment, which supplements the tables above.
Americas. The decline in revenue, Customers, Paid Affiliates and Sales Leaders in our Americas segment is attributable to the decline in momentum in our North America markets, while our Latin America markets
continue to be challenged by macroeconomic issues. We recently launched our new affiliates rewards and recognition program in North America and are adjusting the structure of our sales compensation in our Latin America markets. We remain optimistic
for our upcoming product launches in the Americas segment, which include products aimed at social selling along with our latest connected device, which we expect to preview with our Sales Leaders by the end of the year, pending regulatory clearance.
The year-over-year decline in segment contribution for the first quarter of 2023 primarily reflects the decrease in revenue and the fixed nature of general and administrative expenses.
South Korea. Our first quarter of 2023 constant-currency revenue increased 3% compared to 2022; our reported revenue reflects a 6% negative impact from foreign-currency fluctuations.
During the first quarter of 2023, we previewed our latest personalized wellness product, ageLOC TRMe, which generated approximately $19.4 million in revenue. Our Sales Leaders for the quarter increased 3%,
which is attributable to the limited preview, while our Customers and Paid Affiliates declined 14% and 18%, respectively.
The year-over-year increase in segment contribution primarily reflects a 2.7 percentage point increase in gross margin from a favorable product mix, and a decline in general and administrative expenses from savings
generated by our 2022 restructuring.
Mainland China. Our Mainland China market continued to be challenged during the first quarter of 2023. While the market has been opening up from the COVID-related restrictions, we are anticipating the first
half of 2023 to remain difficult. As a result of the economic headwinds in the market, we made some modifications to the compensation plan during the third quarter of 2022, which provides leaders more flexible requirements to maintain their
business. Our Mainland China Sales Leaders number as of March 31, 2023 reflects these modified requirements. Our Paid Affiliates benefited from promotional efforts during the quarter. We remain optimistic in the potential of our Mainland China
market, with our upcoming product launches of ageLOC TRMe and the latest connected device, which we plan to preview with our Sales Leaders in the fourth quarter of 2023.
The year-over-year decrease in segment contribution for the first quarter of 2023 primarily reflects lower revenue, and the fixed nature of general and administrative expenses.
Southeast Asia/Pacific. The decline in revenue, Customers, Paid Affiliates and Sales Leaders for the first quarter of 2023, is partially attributable to our first quarter of 2022 launch of ageLOC Meta (locally referred to as ageLOC Reset in the Southeast Asia markets), which generated approximately $13.2 million in revenue along with a slowdown of momentum
from the general macro-economic factors in the markets along with our recent price increases to address inflation.
The year-over-year decrease in segment contribution is primarily attributable to the decline in revenue, along with a decline in gross margin due to product mix.
Japan. The decline in revenue is primarily attributable to a 12% negative impact from unfavorable foreign-currency fluctuations. In addition, our revenue, Customers, Paid
Affiliates, and Sales Leaders were negatively impacted by decreased promotions in the period along with timing of our product launches, as the first quarter of 2022 contained our ageLOC
Meta, while we recently launched Beauty Focus Collagen+ in the second quarter of 2023.
The year-over-year decline in segment contribution reflects the decreased revenue, partially offset by a decline in general and administrative expenses attributable to savings from our 2022
restructuring plan.
EMEA. The continued softening of momentum in our EMEA segment, further driven by the distractions to our sales force from the ongoing geopolitical conflict, led to a 10% decline in revenue for the quarter. Our
reported revenue was negatively impacted 4% from foreign-currency fluctuations. Approximately 10% of our EMEA segment revenue was from our ageLOC Lumispa iO, as we prepare for the second half of 2023 launch
of the latest connected device.
The year-over-year increase in segment contribution reflects slight increases in gross margin, a 2.7 percentage point decrease in selling expenses as a percentage of revenue from higher cost associated
with the incentive trips in our first quarter of 2022, all partially offset by the decline in revenue.
Hong Kong/Taiwan. Our Hong Kong/Taiwan segment reported a 10% decline in revenue for the first quarter of 2023, with a 5% negative impact from unfavorable foreign-currency fluctuations.
The decline in segment contribution was primarily driven by the decline in revenue, partially offset by a 1.2 percentage point decline in selling expenses as a percent of revenue from sales mix, as our products have
differing commission percentages assigned to them.
Manufacturing. Our Manufacturing segment revenue declined 11% for the first quarter of 2023, primarily due to our customers continuing to rebalance their inventory from the higher
levels in 2021, reducing current demand. We are beginning to see an increase in orders and anticipating returning to growth in the second quarter.
The decline in segment contribution is attributed to the lower revenue on fixed costs, along with the revenue mix between our manufacturing entities with different profitability and increased labor rates from
inflationary pressures.
Consolidated Results
Revenue
Revenue for the three-month period ended March 31, 2023 decreased 20% to $481.5 million, compared to $604.9 million in the prior-year period. For a discussion and analysis of this decrease in revenue, see “Overview”
and “Segment Results,” above.
Gross profit
Gross profit as a percentage of revenue was 72.3% for the first quarter of 2023 compared to 73.3% for the prior-year period. The gross margin of our core Nu Skin business declined 0.1 percentage points to 76.4%. The decline in our gross margin
is predominately attributed to a decline in gross margin at our manufacturing segment.
Selling expenses
Selling expenses as a percentage of revenue was 39.1% for the first quarter of 2023, compared to 40.1% for the prior-year period. Selling expenses for our core Nu Skin business as a percentage of revenue decreased
1.3 percentage points to 41.7% for the first quarter of 2023. Selling expenses for our core Nu Skin business are driven by the specific performance of our individual Sales Leaders. Given the size of our sales force
and the various components of our compensation and incentive programs, selling expenses as a percentage of revenue typically fluctuates plus or minus approximately 100 basis points from period to period.
General and administrative expenses
General and administrative expenses decreased to $133.9 million in the first quarter of 2023, compared to $148.6 million in the prior-year period. The $14.7 million decline is primarily from a $8.9 million contraction
in labor expenses and $4.6 million decline in occupancy related expenses, both attributable to our 2022 restructuring in which we reduced our physical footprint and reduced our headcount. General and administrative expenses as a percentage of revenue
increased to 27.8% for the first quarter of 2023 from 24.6% for the prior-year period.
Restructuring and impairment expenses
In the third quarter of 2022, we adopted a strategic plan to focus resources on our strategic priorities and optimize future growth and profitability. The global program includes workforce reductions and footprint
optimization. We estimate total charges under the program will approximate $53.3 million, with $40.8 million in cash charges of severance and lease termination cost and approximately $12.5 million of non-cash charges of impairment of fixed assets,
acceleration of depreciation and other intangibles related to the footprint optimization. We expect to substantially complete the program during the first half of 2023. During the third and fourth quarters of 2022, we incurred charges to be settled
in cash of $20.1 million in severance charges, $7.4 million in lease termination cost, and $5.2 million in other associated cost, and non-cash charges of $8.2 million in fixed asset impairments, $0.9 million in accelerated depreciation and $1.7
million in impairment of other intangibles. During the first quarter of 2023 we incurred charges to be settled in cash of $4.0 million in severance charges, $1.9 million in lease termination cost, and $2.2 million in other associated cost, and
non-cash charges of $1.7 million in accelerated depreciation.
Other income (expense), net
Other expense, net for the first quarter of 2023 and 2022 remained constant at $1.5 million.
Provision for income taxes
Provision for income taxes for the first quarter of 2023 was $3.2 million, compared to $12.0 million for the prior-year period. The effective tax rate was 22.0% of pre-tax book income during the first quarter of 2023
compared to 23.6% in the prior-year period. Our first quarter of 2023 effective tax rate benefited from the statute of limitations expiration for an uncertain tax position.
Net income
As a result of the foregoing factors, net income for the first quarter of 2023 was $11.4 million compared to $38.7 million in the prior-year period.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Historically, our principal uses of cash have included operating expenses (particularly selling expenses) and working capital (principally inventory purchases), as well as capital expenditures, stock repurchases,
dividends, and debt repayment. We have at times incurred long-term debt, or drawn on our revolving line of credit, to fund strategic transactions, stock repurchases, capital investments and short-term operating needs. We typically generate positive
cash flow from operations due to favorable margins and have generally relied on cash from operations to fund operating activities. However, in the first three months of 2023, we had a net outflow of $22.1 million in cash from operations, compared to
$7.5 million in cash from operations during the prior-year period. The decrease in cash flow from operations primarily reflects an approximate $19.7 million increase in inventory during the period, compared to a decrease in the prior year period, as
we begin to stage inventory for our upcoming product launches. Our cash from operations was also impacted by lower net income in 2023, offset by a higher payout of accruals in the first quarter of 2022, primarily from sales commissions. Cash and cash
equivalents, including current investments, as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022 were $246.7 million and $278.5 million, respectively, with the decrease being driven by our quarterly dividend payments, capital expenditures, as discussed below,
and payment on liabilities associated with our 2022 restructuring plan, partially offset by borrowings on our revolving credit facility.
Working capital. As of March 31, 2023, working capital was $400.8 million, compared to $400.6 million as of December 31, 2022.
Capital expenditures. Capital expenditures for the three months ended March 31, 2023 were $11.5 million. We expect that our capital expenditures in 2023 will be primarily related to:
|
● |
purchases and expenditures for computer systems and equipment, software, and application development;
|
|
● |
the expansion and upgrade of facilities in our various markets; and
|
|
● |
a new manufacturing plant in Mainland China.
|
We estimate that capital expenditures for the uses listed above will total approximately $55–75 million for 2023. We are currently expecting to
complete construction of the new manufacturing plant in Mainland China in the first half of 2023. As of March 31, 2023, we have spent approximately $52.1 million on this project, including $1.4 million in the first quarter of 2023 and expect that
our expenditures for this project will total approximately $54-56 million, including approximately $3-5 million during 2023.
Credit Agreement. On June 14, 2022, we entered into an Amended and Restated Credit Agreement (the “Credit Agreement”) with various financial institutions as lenders and Bank of America, N.A., as administrative
agent. The Credit Agreement provides for a $400.0 million term loan facility and a $500.0 million revolving credit facility, each with a term of five years. We used the proceeds of the term loan and the draw on the revolving facility to pay off the
previous credit agreement. Both facilities bear interest at the SOFR, plus a margin based on our consolidated leverage ratio. The term loan facility amortizes in quarterly installments in amounts resulting in an annual amortization of 2.5% during the
first year and 5.0% during the subsequent years after the closing date of the Credit Agreement, with the remainder payable at final maturity. As of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, we had $30.0 million and $10.0 million of outstanding borrowings
under our revolving credit facility, and $392.5 million and $395.0 million on our term loan facility. The carrying value of the debt also reflects debt issuance costs of $2.4 million and $2.5 million as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022,
respectively, related to the Credit Agreement. The Credit Agreement requires us to maintain a consolidated leverage ratio not exceeding 2.25 to 1.00 and a consolidated interest coverage ratio of no less than 3.00 to 1.00. As of March 31, 2023, we
were in compliance with all debt covenants under the Credit Agreement.
Derivative Instruments. As of March 31, 2023, we had four interest rate swaps, with a total notional principal amount of $200 million and a maturity date of July 31, 2025. We entered into these interest rate
swap arrangements during the third quarter of 2020 to hedge the variable cash flows associated with our variable-rate debt under the Credit Agreement.
Stock repurchase plan. In 2018, our board of directors approved a stock repurchase plan authorizing us to repurchase up to $500.0 million of our outstanding shares of Class A common stock on the open market or
in private transactions. During the first quarter of 2023, we repurchased zero shares of our Class A common stock under the plan. As of March 31, 2023, $175.4 million was available for repurchases under the plan. Our stock repurchases are used
primarily to offset dilution from our equity incentive plans and for strategic initiatives.
Dividends. In February 2023, our board of directors declared a quarterly cash dividend of $0.39 per share. This quarterly cash dividends of $19.4 million was paid on March 8, 2023 to stockholders of record on
February 27, 2023. In April 2023, our board of directors declared a quarterly cash dividend of $0.39 per share to be paid on June 7, 2023 to stockholders of record on May 26, 2023. Currently, we anticipate that our board of directors will continue to
declare quarterly cash dividends and that the cash flows from operations will be sufficient to fund our future dividend payments. However, the continued declaration of dividends is subject to the discretion of our board of directors and will depend
upon various factors, including our net earnings, financial condition, cash requirements, future prospects and other relevant factors.
Cash from foreign subsidiaries. As of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, we held $246.7 million and $278.5 million, respectively, in cash and cash equivalents, including current investments. These amounts
include $211.4 million and $223.0 million as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively, held in our operations outside of the U.S. Substantially all of our non-U.S. cash and cash equivalents are readily convertible into U.S. dollars or
other currencies, subject to procedural or other requirements in certain markets, as well as an indefinite-reinvestment designation, as described below.
We typically fund the cash requirements of our operations in the U.S. through intercompany dividends, intercompany loans and intercompany charges for products, use of intangible property, and corporate services.
However, some markets impose government-approval or other requirements for the repatriation of dividends. For example, in Mainland China, we are unable to repatriate cash from current operations in the form of dividends until we file the necessary
statutory financial statements for the relevant period. As of March 31, 2023, we had $36.1 million in cash denominated in Chinese RMB. We also have experienced delays in repatriating cash from Argentina. As of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, we
had $15.7 million and $14.9 million, respectively, in intercompany receivables with our Argentina subsidiary. We also have intercompany loan arrangements in some of our markets, including Mainland China, that allow us to access available cash,
subject to certain limits in Mainland China and other jurisdictions. We also have drawn on our revolving line of credit to address cash needs until we can repatriate cash from Mainland China or other markets, and we may continue to do so. Except for
$60.0 million of earnings in Mainland China that we designated as indefinitely reinvested during the second quarter of 2018, we currently plan to repatriate undistributed earnings from our non-U.S. operations as necessary, considering the cash needs
of our non-U.S. operations and the cash needs of our U.S. operations for dividends, stock repurchases, capital investments, debt repayment and strategic transactions. Repatriation of non-U.S. earnings is subject to withholding taxes in certain
foreign jurisdictions. Accordingly, we have accrued the necessary withholding taxes related to the non-U.S. earnings.
We currently believe that existing cash balances, future cash flows from operations and existing lines of credit will be adequate to fund our cash needs on both a short- and long-term basis. The majority of our
historical expenses have been variable in nature, and as such, a potential reduction in the level of revenue would reduce our cash flow needs. In the event that our current cash balances, future cash flow from operations and current lines of credit
are not sufficient to meet our obligations or strategic needs, we would consider raising additional funds in the debt or equity markets or restructuring our current debt obligations. Additionally, we would consider realigning our strategic plans,
including a reduction in capital spending, stock repurchases or dividend payments.
Contingent Liabilities
Please refer to Note 11 to the consolidated financial statements contained in this Quarterly Report for information regarding our contingent liabilities.
Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
There were no significant changes in our critical accounting policies or estimates during the first quarter of 2023.
Seasonality and Cyclicality
In addition to general economic factors, we are impacted by seasonal factors and trends such as major cultural events and vacation patterns. For example, most Asian markets celebrate their respective local New Year in
the first quarter, which generally has a negative impact on that quarter. We believe that direct selling is also generally negatively impacted during the third quarter, when many individuals, including our sales force, traditionally take vacations.
Prior to making a product generally available for purchase in a market, we often do one or more introductory offerings of the product, such as a preview of the product to our Sales Leaders or other product introduction
or promotion. These offerings sometimes generate significant activity and a high level of purchasing, which can result in a higher-than-normal increase in revenue, Sales Leaders, Paid Affiliates and/or Customers during the quarter and can skew
year-over-year and sequential comparisons.
Non-GAAP Financial Measures
Constant-currency revenue change is a non-GAAP financial measure that removes the impact of fluctuations in foreign-currency exchange rates, thereby facilitating period-to-period comparisons of the Company’s
performance. It is calculated by translating the current period’s revenue at the same average exchange rates in effect during the applicable prior-year period and then comparing that amount to the prior-year period’s revenue. We believe that
constant-currency revenue change is useful to investors, lenders and analysts because such information enables them to gauge the impact of foreign-currency fluctuations on our revenue from period to period.
Available Information
Our website address is www.nuskin.com. We make available, free of charge on our Investor Relations website, ir.nuskin.com, our Annual Reports on Form 10-K, Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, Current Reports on Form 8-K,
and amendments to those reports filed or furnished pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 as soon as reasonably practicable after we electronically file such material with, or furnish it to, the Securities and
Exchange Commission.
We also use our Investor Relations website, ir.nuskin.com, as a channel of distribution of additional Company information that may be deemed material. Accordingly, investors should monitor this channel, in addition to
following our press releases, Securities and Exchange Commission filings and public conference calls and webcasts. The contents of our website shall not be deemed to be incorporated herein by reference.