SFL SFL Corporation Ltd

Filed Pursuant to Rule 424(b)(5)
Registration No. 333-271504

THIS PRELIMINARY PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT AND INFORMATION CONTAINED HEREIN ARE SUBJECT TO COMPLETION, AMENDMENT OR OTHER CHANGE WITHOUT NOTICE PRIOR TO THE SALE DATE. UNDER NO CIRCUMSTANCES SHALL THIS PRELIMINARY PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT CONSTITUTE AN OFFER TO SELL OR THE SOLICITATION OF AN OFFER TO BUY, NOR WILL THERE BE ANY SALE OF THE NOTES IN ANY JURISDICTION IN WHICH SUCH OFFER, SOLICITATION OR SALE WOULD BE UNLAWFUL PRIOR TO REGISTRATION OR QUALIFICATION UNDER THE SECURITIES LAWS OF ANY JURISDICTION

SUBJECT TO COMPLETION, DATED JULY 23, 2024

PRELIMINARY PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT

(To Prospectus dated April 28, 2023)

8,000,000 Common Shares

SFL Corporation Ltd.

SFL Corporation Ltd. (the “Company”) is offering up to 8,000,000 common shares, par value $0.01 per share (the “common shares”), pursuant to this prospectus supplement.

We have granted the underwriters an over-allotment option to purchase up to an additional 1,200,000 common shares at the public offering price less the underwriting discounts and commissions. The underwriters can exercise this over-allotment option at any time within 30 days after the date of this prospectus supplement.

Our common shares are listed on the NYSE under the symbol “SFL.” On July 22, 2024, the last reported sale price of our common shares on the NYSE was $13.93 per share.

Investing in our common shares involves risks. You should carefully consider each of the factors described under “Risk Factors” beginning on page S-8 of this prospectus supplement, on page 9 of the accompanying base prospectus and in the documents incorporated by reference into this prospectus supplement and the accompanying base prospectus, before you make any investment in our common shares.

Neither the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, or the Commission, nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved of these securities, or determined if this prospectus supplement or the accompanying base prospectus is truthful or complete. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.

The underwriters expect to deliver the common shares on or about July  , 2024

Sole Book-Running Manager

Morgan Stanley

Lead Manager

BTIG

The date of this prospectus supplement is July  , 2024

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Prospectus Supplement

Base Prospectus

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ABOUT THIS PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT

This prospectus supplement and the accompanying base prospectus are part of a registration statement that we filed with the Commission utilizing a “shelf” registration process. This document is in two parts. The first part is this prospectus supplement, which describes the specific terms of this offering of common shares and also adds to and updates information contained in the accompanying base prospectus and the documents incorporated by reference into this prospectus supplement and the base prospectus. The second part, the base prospectus, gives more general information about securities we may offer from time to time, some of which does not apply to this offering. Generally, when we refer only to the prospectus, we are referring to both parts combined, and when we refer to the accompanying prospectus, we are referring to the base prospectus.

If the description of this offering varies between this prospectus supplement and the accompanying base prospectus, you should rely on the information in this prospectus supplement. This prospectus supplement, the accompanying base prospectus and the documents incorporated into each by reference include important information about us, the common shares being offered and other information you should know before investing. You should read this prospectus supplement and the accompanying base prospectus together with additional information described under the heading, “Where You Can Find Additional Information” before investing in our common shares.

We prepare our financial statements, including all of the financial statements incorporated by reference in this prospectus supplement, in U.S. dollars and in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States, or U.S. GAAP. We have a fiscal year end of December 31.

We have authorized only the information contained or incorporated by reference in this prospectus supplement, the accompanying base prospectus and any free writing prospectus prepared by us or on our behalf or to which we have referred you. We have not, and the underwriters have not, authorized anyone to provide you with information that is different. We and the underwriters take no responsibility for, and can provide no assurance as to the reliability of, any information that others may give you. We are offering to sell, and seeking offers to buy, our common shares only in jurisdictions where offers and sales are permitted. The information contained in or incorporated by reference in this prospectus supplement and accompanying base prospectus is accurate only as of the date such information was issued, regardless of the time of delivery of this prospectus supplement or any sale of our common shares. Our business, financial condition and results of operations and prospects may have changed since those dates.

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CAUTIONARY STATEMENT REGARDING FORWARD LOOKING STATEMENTS

Matters discussed in this prospectus supplement and the documents incorporated by reference may constitute forward-looking statements. The Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 provides safe harbor protections for forward-looking statements in order to encourage companies to provide prospective information about their business. Forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, statements concerning plans, objectives, goals, strategies, future events or performance, underlying assumptions and other statements, which are other than statements of historical facts.

SFL Corporation Ltd. and its subsidiaries, or the Company, desires to take advantage of the safe harbor provisions of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 and is including this cautionary statement pursuant to this safe harbor legislation. This prospectus supplement and any other written or oral statements made by the Company or on its behalf may include forward-looking statements, which reflect the Company’s current views with respect to future events and financial performance and are not intended to give any assurance as to future results. When used in this document, the words “believe,” “anticipate,” “intend,” “estimate,” “forecast,” “project,” “plan,” “potential,” “will,” “may,” “should,” “expect,” “targets,” “likely,” “would,” “could” “seeks,” “continue,” “possible,” “might,” “pending” and similar expressions, terms or phrases may identify forward-looking statements.

The forward-looking statements herein are based upon various assumptions, many of which are based, in turn, upon further assumptions, including, without limitation, management’s examination of historical operating trends, data contained in the Company’s records and other data available from third parties. Although the Company believes that these assumptions were reasonable when made, because these assumptions are inherently subject to significant uncertainties and contingencies which are difficult or impossible to predict and are beyond its control, the Company cannot assure you that it will achieve or accomplish these expectations, beliefs or projections.

Such statements reflect the Company’s current views with respect to future events and are subject to certain risks, uncertainties and assumptions. Should one or more of these risks or uncertainties materialize, or should underlying assumptions prove incorrect, actual results may vary materially from those described herein as anticipated, believed, estimated, expected or intended. The Company is making investors aware that such forward-looking statements, because they relate to future events, are by their very nature subject to many important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those contemplated. In addition to these important factors and matters discussed elsewhere herein, important factors that, in the Company’s view, could cause actual results to differ materially from those discussed in the forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to:

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This prospectus supplement may contain assumptions, expectations, projections, intentions and beliefs about future events. These statements are intended as forward-looking statements. The Company may also from time to time make forward-looking statements in other documents and reports that are filed with or submitted to the Commission, in other information sent to the Company’s security holders, and in other written materials. The Company also cautions that assumptions, expectations, projections, intentions and beliefs about future events may and often do vary from actual results and the differences can be material. The Company undertakes no obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statement contained in this prospectus supplement, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, except as required by law.

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RISK FACTORS

An investment in our securities involves a high degree of risk. You should carefully consider the risks and the discussion of risks in this prospectus supplement, the accompanying base prospectus, and the documents incorporated into each by reference, including those in our Annual Report on Form 20-F for the year ended December 31, 2023, filed with the Commission on March 14, 2024, and the documents we have incorporated by reference in this prospectus supplement, including the section entitled “Risk Factors” in future annual reports that summarize the risks that may materially affect our business before making an investment in our securities. Please see the section in this prospectus supplement entitled “Where You Can Find Additional Information.”

Management will have broad discretion as to the use of the proceeds from this offering and may not use the proceeds effectively.

Because we have not designated the amount of net proceeds from this offering to be used for any particular purpose, our management will have broad discretion as to the application of the net proceeds from this offering and could use them for purposes other than those contemplated at the time of this offering. Our management may use the net proceeds for corporate purposes that may not improve our financial condition or the market value of our common shares.

The price of our common shares after this offering may be volatile.

The price of our common shares may fluctuate due to factors such as:

The shipping and offshore industries have been highly unpredictable and volatile. The market for our common shares in this industry may be equally volatile. Consequently, you may not be able to sell the common shares at prices equal to or greater than those paid by you in this offering.

We may issue additional common shares or other equity securities without your approval, which would dilute your ownership interests and may depress the market price of our common shares.

Changes in our dividend policy could adversely affect holders of our common shares.

Any dividend on our common shares that we declare is at the discretion of our Board of Directors and subject to the requirements of Bermuda law. We cannot assure you that our dividend will not be reduced or

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eliminated in the future, and changes in our dividend policy could adversely affect the market price of our common shares. Our profitability and corresponding ability to pay dividends is substantially affected by amounts we receive through charter hire and profit-sharing payments from our charterers. Our entitlement to profit sharing payments, if any, is based on the financial performance of our vessels which is outside of our control. If our charter hire and profit-sharing payments decrease substantially, we may not be able to continue to pay dividends at present levels, or at all. We are also subject to contractual limitations on our ability to pay dividends pursuant to certain debt agreements, and we may agree to additional limitations in the future. Additional factors that could affect our ability to pay dividends include statutory and contractual limitations on the ability of our subsidiaries to pay dividends to us, including under current or future debt arrangements, economic conditions, and macroeconomic impacts on our business and financial condition, such as inflationary pressure, and other factors the Board of Directors may deem relevant.

We will need to procure significant additional financing, which may be difficult to obtain on acceptable terms or at all, in order to take delivery of our Newbuilding Containership Vessels.

The Company has entered into newbuilding contracts to build the Newbuilding Containership Vessels with scheduled deliveries in 2028 and an aggregate contract cost of approximately $1 billion.

In order to complete the construction of our Newbuilding Containership Vessels, we will need to procure additional financing. We cannot be certain that additional financing will be available on acceptable terms or at all. If additional financing is not available when needed, or is available only on unfavorable terms, we may be unable to take delivery of one or more of our Newbuilding Containership Vessels, in which case we would be prevented from realizing revenues from the Newbuilding Containership Vessels and we could lose the portion of the purchase price that has already been and will be paid during construction. We may also incur additional costs and liability to the shipyards, which may pursue claims against us under our newbuilding construction contracts and retain and sell our Newbuilding Containership Vessels and other newbuilding vessels to third parties.

We may become subject to corporate income tax in Bermuda in the future.

As discussed further in the section of this Prospectus Supplement entitled “Taxation—Bermuda Taxation,” in December 2023, Bermuda passed into law the Corporate Income Tax 2023 in response to the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development’s (the “OECD”) Pillar Two global minimum tax initiative to impose a 15% corporate income tax that will be effective for fiscal years beginning on or after January 1, 2025, and which may apply to us.

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USE OF PROCEEDS

We estimate that we will receive net proceeds of approximately $    million from this offering assuming the underwriters’ over-allotment option to purchase additional shares is not exercised, and approximately $    million if the underwriters’ over-allotment option to purchase additional shares is exercised in full, in each case after deducting underwriting discounts and estimated offering expenses payable by us.

We intend to use the net proceeds from any sales of common shares from this offering, after deducting the underwriters’ commissions and our offering expenses, for general corporate purposes, including but not limited to vessel acquisitions. We continuously evaluate potential transactions that we believe will be accretive to earnings, enhance shareholder value or are in the best interests of the Company, which may include pursuit of other business combinations, the acquisition of vessels or related businesses, the expansion of our operations, repayment of existing debt, share repurchases, short term investments, other equity or debt offerings or other transactions.

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CAPITALIZATION

The following table sets forth our cash and capitalization as of March 31, 2024, on an:

Other than these adjustments, there have been no material changes to our capitalization since March 31, 2024.

You should read the information below in conjunction with the section of this prospectus supplement entitled “Use of Proceeds” and the consolidated financial statements and related notes included in our Annual Report on Form 20-F for the year ended December 31, 2023 and the consolidated financial statements and related notes included in our Quarterly Report on Form 6-K for the quarter ended March 31, 2024, filed with the Commission on March 14, 2024 and May 28, 2024, respectively, and incorporated by reference herein.

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DIVIDEND POLICY

Our Board of Directors adopted a policy in May 2004 in connection with our public listing, whereby we seek to pay a regular quarterly dividend, the amount of which is based on our contracted revenues and growth prospects. Our goal is to increase our quarterly dividend as we grow the business, but the timing and amount of dividends, if any, is at the sole discretion of our Board of Directors and will depend upon, among other things, our operating results, financial condition, cash requirements, restrictions in terms of financing arrangements and other relevant factors.

We have paid dividends for 81 consecutive quarters. Our ability to pay dividends is always subject to the discretion of our Board of Directors, the requirements of Bermuda law and the limitations contained in our bond and debt facilities and there can be no assurance we will continue to pay dividends in similar amounts, if at all. Please see “Risk Factors—Changes in our dividend policy could adversely affect holders of our common shares.”

We have paid the following cash dividends in 2021, 2022, 2023 and 2024:

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DESCRIPTION OF SHARE CAPITAL

The following is a summary of the description of our share capital and the material terms of our amended Memorandum of Association and Bye-laws. Because the following is a summary, it does not contain all of the information that you may find useful. For more complete information, you should read the description of share capital and the material terms of our amended Memorandum of Association and Bye-laws contained in our Annual Report on Form 20-F for the year ended December 31, 2023, filed with the Commission on March 14, 2024, as updated by annual, quarterly and other reports and documents we file with the Commission after the date of this prospectus supplement and that are incorporated by reference herein, together with our amended Memorandum of Association and Bye-laws, copies of which have been filed as exhibits thereto. Please see the section of this prospectus supplement entitled “Where You Can Find Additional Information.”

Purpose

The Memorandum of Association of the Company was previously filed on May 21, 2004 as Exhibit 3.1 to its Registration Statement on Form F-4 (File No. 333-115705) and is incorporated by reference herein.

The purposes and powers of the Company are set forth in Items 6(1) and 7(a) through (h) of its Memorandum of Association and in the Second Schedule of the Companies Act of 1981 of Bermuda. These purposes include exploring, drilling, moving, transporting and refining petroleum and hydro-carbon products, including oil and oil products; acquiring, owning, chartering, selling, managing and operating ships and aircraft; the entering into of any guarantee, contract, indemnity or suretyship to assure, support, secure, with or without the consideration or benefit, the performance of any obligations of any person or persons; and the borrowing and raising of money in any currency or currencies to secure or discharge any debt or obligation in any manner.

The Company’s Bye-laws

At the 2007 Annual General Meeting of the Company, the shareholders voted to amend the Company’s Bye-laws to ensure conformity with recent revisions to the Companies Act 1981 of Bermuda, as amended. These amended Bye-laws of the Company, as adopted by the Company’s shareholders on September 28, 2007, and as further amended on September 20, 2013, September 23, 2016 and September 30, 2022 are hereby incorporated by reference into this prospectus supplement.

Bermuda law permits the Bye-laws of a Bermuda company to contain provisions exempting (except in relation to an allegation of fraud or dishonesty proved against them) from personal liability a director, alternate director, officer, member of a committee authorized under Bye-law 98, resident representative or their respective heirs, executors or administrators to the company from any loss arising or liability attaching to him by virtue of any rule of law in respect of any negligence, default, breach of duty or breach of trust of which the officer or person may be guilty in relation to the company or any subsidiary thereof. Bermuda law also grants companies the power generally to indemnify directors, alternate directors and officers of the company and any members authorized under Bye-law 98, resident representatives or their respective heirs, executors or administrators if any such person was or is a party or threatened to be made a party to a threatened, pending or completed action, suit or proceeding by reason of the fact that he or she is or was a director, alternate director or officer of the company or member of a committee authorized under Bye-law 98, resident representative or their respective heirs, executors or administrators or was serving in a similar capacity for another entity at the company’s request.

The Company’s shareholders have no pre-emptive, subscription, redemption, conversion or sinking fund rights. Shareholders are entitled to one vote for each share held of record on all matters submitted to a vote of the Company’s shareholders. Shareholders have no cumulative voting rights. Shareholders are entitled to dividends if and when they are declared by the Company’s Board of Directors, subject to any preferred dividend right of holders of any preference shares. Directors to be elected by shareholders require a simple majority of votes cast at a meeting at which a quorum is present. For all other matters, unless a different majority is required by law or

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the Company’s Bye-laws, resolutions to be approved by shareholders require approval by a simple majority of votes cast at a meeting at which a quorum is present.

Upon the Company’s liquidation, dissolution or winding up, shareholders will be entitled under Bermuda law to receive, ratably, its net assets available after the payment of all its debts and liabilities and any preference amount owed to any preference shareholders. The rights of shareholders, including the right to elect directors, are subject to the rights of any series of preference shares the Company may issue in the future.

Under the Company’s Bye-laws, annual meetings of shareholders will be held at a time and place selected by its Board of Directors each calendar year, but in no event shall any such meeting be held in Norway or the United Kingdom. Special meetings of shareholders may be called by its Board of Directors at any time and, pursuant to Bermuda law, special meetings must be called at the request of shareholders holding at least 10% of the Company’s paid-up share capital carrying the right to vote at general meetings. Under the Company’s Bye-laws, five days’ notice of an annual meeting or any special meeting must be given to each shareholder entitled to vote at that meeting. Under Bermuda law, accidental failure to give notice will not invalidate proceedings at a meeting. The Company’s Board of Directors may set a record date at any time before or after any date on which such notice is dispatched.

Special rights attaching to any class of the Company’s shares may be altered or abrogated with the consent in writing of not less than 75% of the issued shares of that class or with the sanction of a resolution passed at a separate general meeting of the holders of such shares voting in person or by proxy.

The Company’s Bye-laws do not prohibit a director from being a party to, or otherwise having an interest in, any transaction or arrangement with the Company or in which the Company is otherwise interested. The Company’s Bye-laws provide its Board of Directors the authority to exercise all of the powers of the Company to borrow money and to mortgage or charge all or any part of the Company’s property and assets as collateral security for any debt, liability or obligation. The Company’s directors are not required to retire because of their age, and the Company’s directors are not required to be holders of the Company’s common shares. The Company’s Board of Directors shall at all times comprise a majority of directors who are not resident in the United Kingdom. Directors serve for one-year terms, and shall serve until re-elected or until their successors are appointed at the next annual general meeting.

The Company’s Bye-laws provide that no director, alternate director, officer, person or member of a committee authorized under Bye-law 98, if any, resident representative, or his heirs, executors or administrators, which the Company refers to collectively as an indemnitee, is liable for the acts, receipts, neglects or defaults of any other such person or any person involved in the Company’s formation, or for any loss or expense incurred by the Company through the insufficiency or deficiency of title to any property acquired by the Company, or for the insufficiency or deficiency of any security in or upon which any of the Company’s monies shall be invested, or for any loss or damage arising from the bankruptcy, insolvency or tortious act of any person with whom any monies, securities or effects shall be deposited, or for any loss occasioned by any error of judgment, omission, default or oversight on his part, or for any other loss, damage or misfortune whatsoever which shall happen in relation to the execution of his duties, or supposed duties, to the Company or otherwise in relation thereto. Each indemnitee will be indemnified and held harmless out of the Company’s funds to the fullest extent permitted by Bermuda law against all liabilities, loss, damage or expense (including but not limited to liabilities under contract, tort and statute or any applicable foreign law or regulation and all reasonable legal and other costs and expenses properly payable) incurred or suffered by him as such director, alternate director, officer, committee member or resident representative in his reasonable belief that he has been so appointed or elected notwithstanding any defect in such appointment or election. In addition, each indemnitee shall be indemnified against all liabilities incurred in defending any proceedings, whether civil or criminal, in which judgment is given in such indemnitee’s favor, or in which he is acquitted. The Company is authorized to purchase insurance to cover any liability an indemnitee may incur under the indemnification provisions of the Company’s Bye-laws.

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Authorized Capitalization

Under the Company’s amended Memorandum of Association, the Company’s authorized capital consists of $3,000,000, comprising 300,000,000 common shares, which may include related purchase rights for the Company’s common or preferred shares, having a par value of $0.01 each, of which 137,708,524 common shares are issued and outstanding as of March 31, 2024.

Reconciliation of the Number of Common Shares Outstanding through the Date of this Prospectus Supplement

Share Option Scheme

In September 2022, the Company issued a total of 10,786 new common shares pursuant to our share option scheme (the “Share Option Scheme”) following the exercise of 85,500 share options. The weighted average exercise price of the options exercised was $8.87 per share and the total intrinsic value of the options exercised was $0.1 million.

During the three months ended March 31, 2024, 475,000 share options were exercised with a total intrinsic value of $2.7 million on the day of exercise. The Company issued a total of 207,146 new shares in full satisfaction of this intrinsic value, with no cash exchanges. The weighted average exercise price of the options exercised was $7.36 per share.

In May 2024, 35,000 share options were exercised. The Company issued a total of 35,000 new shares against cash exchange of the accumulated exercise price. The weighted average exercise price of the options exercised was $6.89 per share.

Share Repurchase Program

On May 8, 2023, the Board of Directors authorized the repurchase of up to an aggregate of $100.0 million of our common shares until June 30, 2024. During the year ended December 31, 2023, we repurchased a total of 1,095,095 shares, at an average price of approximately $9.27 per share, with principal amounts totaling $10.2 million.

Share Cancellation

During the three months ended March 31, 2024, the Company cancelled 700 shares, which were previously held by the Company’s transfer agent.

Common Shares

Each outstanding common share entitles the holder to one vote on all matters submitted to a vote of shareholders. Subject to preferences that may be applicable to any outstanding preferred shares, holders of

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common shares are entitled to receive, ratably, all dividends, if any, declared by the Company’s Board of Directors out of funds legally available for dividends. Upon the Company’s dissolution or liquidation or the sale of all or substantially all of the Company’s assets, after payment in full of all amounts required to be paid to creditors and to the holders of preferred shares having liquidation preferences, if any, the holders of the Company’s common shares will be entitled to receive pro rata the Company’s remaining assets available for distribution. Holders of common shares do not have conversion, redemption or preemptive rights to subscribe to any of the Company’s securities. The rights, preferences and privileges of holders of common shares are subject to the rights of the holders of any preferred shares which the Company may issue in the future.

Preferred Shares

The material terms of any series of preferred shares that the Company offers through a prospectus supplement will be described in that prospectus supplement. The Company’s Board of Directors is authorized, subject to shareholder approval, to provide for the issuance of preferred shares in one or more series with designations as may be stated in the shareholder resolution or resolutions providing for the issue of such preferred shares. At the time that any series of the Company’s preferred shares is authorized, the Company will fix the dividend rights, any conversion rights, any voting rights, redemption provisions, liquidation preferences and any other rights, preferences, privileges and restrictions of that series, as well as the number of shares constituting that series and their designation. The Company could issue preferred shares which have voting, conversion and other rights that could adversely affect the holders of the Company’s common shares or make it more difficult to effect a change in control. The Company’s preferred shares could be used to dilute the share ownership of persons seeking to obtain control of the Company and thereby hinder a possible takeover attempt which, if the Company’s shareholders were offered a premium over the market value of their shares, might be viewed as being beneficial to the Company’s shareholders.

Registrar and Transfer Agent

The registrar and transfer agent for our common shares is Computershare Trust Company, N.A.

Listing

Our common shares are listed on the NYSE under the symbol “SFL.”

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TAXATION

The following is a discussion of U.S. federal income and Bermuda tax considerations relevant to the ownership and disposition by a U.S. Holder and a Non-U.S. Holder, each as defined below, of our common shares acquired pursuant to this offering. This discussion does not purport to deal with the tax consequences of owning our common shares to specific holders, some of which, such as banks, financial institutions, regulated investment companies, real estate investment trusts, tax-exempt organizations, insurance companies, persons holding our common shares as part of a hedging, integrated, conversion or constructive sale transaction or a straddle, persons that generally mark their securities to market for U.S. federal income tax purposes, traders in securities that have elected the mark-to-market method of accounting for their securities, retirement plans, individual retirement accounts or other tax deferred accounts, certain former citizens or residents of the United States, persons who received our common shares as compensatory payments, controlled foreign corporations, passive foreign investment companies, persons liable for alternative minimum tax, partnerships or other pass-through entities for U.S. federal income tax purposes and investors in such entities, dealers and traders in securities or currencies, U.S. Holders whose functional currency is not the U.S. dollar, investors that own, directly or under applicable constructive ownership rules, 10% or more of our stock by vote or value, investors that are required to recognize income no later than when such income is recognized on an applicable financial statement, may be subject to special rules. This discussion deals only with U.S. Holders who purchase common shares in this offering and hold such common shares as a capital asset (generally, assets held for investment) within the meaning of Section 1221 of the U.S. Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, or the Code. This discussion is based on the Code, U.S. Treasury regulations promulgated thereunder and administrative and judicial interpretations thereof, all as in effect on the date hereof and all of which are subject to change, possibly with retroactive effect. This discussion does not address any U.S. state or local or non-U.S. tax consequences or any U.S. federal estate, gift or alternative minimum tax consequences or the consequences of the net investment income tax. You are encouraged to consult your tax advisors concerning the overall tax consequences arising in your own particular situation under U.S. federal, state, local or non-U.S. law of the ownership and disposition of our common shares.

U.S. Taxation

Taxation of the Company’s Shipping Income: In General

The Company, through its subsidiaries, anticipates that it will derive a significant portion of its gross income from the use and operation of vessels in international commerce and that this income will principally consist of freights from the transportation of cargoes, hire or lease from time or voyage charters and the performance of services directly related thereto, which the Company refers to as “shipping income.”

50% of shipping income that is attributable to transportation that begins or ends, but that does not both begin and end, in the United States will be treated as derived from sources within the United States. 100% of shipping income attributable to transportation that both begins and ends in the United States will be treated as derived from sources within the United States. The Company is not permitted by law to engage in transportation that gives rise to 100% U.S. source income.

100% of shipping income attributable to transportation exclusively between non-U.S. ports will be treated as derived from sources outside the United States. Shipping income derived from sources outside the United States is generally not subject to U.S. federal income tax.

Based upon the Company’s anticipated shipping operations, the Company’s vessels will operate in various parts of the world, including to or from U.S. ports. Unless exempt from U.S. federal income taxation under Section 883 of the Code, the Company will be subject to U.S. federal income taxation, in the manner discussed below, to the extent its shipping income is considered derived from sources within the United States.

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Application of Section 883 of the Code

Under the relevant provisions of Section 883 of the Code, or Section 883, the Company will be exempt from U.S. federal income taxation on its shipping income derived from sources within the United States if:

(i) It is organized in a “qualified foreign country,” which is a foreign country that grants an equivalent exemption from tax to corporations organized in the United States in respect of the shipping income for which exemption is being claimed under Section 883, and which the Company refers to as the Country of Organization Requirement; and

(ii) It can satisfy any one of the following two stock ownership requirements for more than half the days during the taxable year:

(A) the Company’s stock is “primarily and regularly traded on an established securities market” located in the United States or a “qualified foreign country,” which the Company refers to as the Publicly-Traded Test; or

(B) more than 50% of the Company’s stock, by value, is beneficially owned by any combination of one or more individuals who are residents of a “qualified foreign country” or foreign corporations that satisfy the Country of Organization Requirement and the Publicly-Traded Test, which the Company refers to as the 50% Ownership Test.

The U.S. Treasury Department has recognized Bermuda, the country of incorporation of the Company and certain of its subsidiaries, as a “qualified foreign country.” In addition, the U.S. Treasury Department has recognized Liberia, the Marshall Islands, Malta and Cyprus, the countries of incorporation of certain of the Company’s vessel-owning subsidiaries, each as a “qualified foreign country.” Accordingly, the Company and its subsidiaries that earn shipping income satisfy the Country of Organization Requirement.

Therefore, the Company qualifies for exemption under Section 883 if it satisfies one of the stock ownership requirements described in clause (ii) above.

The Treasury Regulations under Section 883 provide, in pertinent part, that stock of a foreign corporation will be considered to be “primarily traded” on an established securities market in a country if the number of shares of each class of stock that is traded during any taxable year on all established securities markets in that country exceeds the number of shares in each such class that is traded during that year on established securities markets in any other single country. An “established securities market” includes a national securities exchange that is registered under section 6 of the Securities Act of 1934. The NYSE is a national securities exchange that is registered under section 6 of the Securities Act of 1934. Our common shares are only traded on the NYSE. Accordingly, our common shares are expected to be treated as primarily traded on an established securities market in the United States.

The Publicly-Traded Test also requires our common shares be “regularly traded” on an established securities market. Under the Treasury Regulations, our common shares are considered to be “regularly traded” on an established securities market if shares representing more than 50% of our outstanding common shares, by both total combined voting power of all classes of stock entitled to vote and total value, are listed on the market, referred to as the “listing threshold.” The Treasury Regulations further require that with respect to each class of stock relied upon to meet the listing threshold (i) such class of stock is traded on the market, other than in minimal quantities, on at least 60 days during the taxable year or 1/6 of the days in a short taxable year, which is referred to as the “trading frequency test”, and (ii) the aggregate number of shares of such class of stock traded on such market during the taxable year is at least 10% of the average number of shares of such class of stock outstanding during such year (as appropriately adjusted in the case of a short taxable year), which is referred to as the “trading volume test.” Even if we do not satisfy both the trading frequency and trading volume tests, the Treasury Regulations provide that the trading frequency and trading volume tests will be deemed satisfied if our

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common shares are traded on an established securities market in the United States and such stock is regularly quoted by dealers making a market in our common shares, such as the NYSE, on which our common shares are listed.

We believe the Company satisfied the Publicly-Traded Test for the 2023 taxable year, because we believe the Company’s common shares were primarily and regularly traded on the NYSE, an established securities market in the United States, on more than half the days in the 2023 taxable year. For the current taxable year, we anticipate satisfying the Publicly-Traded Test, although no assurance can be given in this regard.

Notwithstanding the foregoing, our common shares will not be considered to be regularly traded on an established securities market for any taxable year in which 50% or more of the vote and value of the outstanding common shares are owned, directly or constructively under certain stock attribution rules, on more than half the days during the taxable year, by persons who each own 5% or more of the value of our common shares, which we refer to as the 5% Override Rule.

In order to determine the persons who directly or constructively own 5% or more of our common shares, or 5% Shareholders, we are permitted to rely on those persons that are identified on Schedule 13G and Schedule 13D filings with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission as having a 5% or more beneficial interest in our common shares. In addition, an investment company identified on a Schedule 13G or Schedule 13D filing which is registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, will not be treated as a 5% Shareholder for such purposes.

For our 2023 taxable year, we do not believe that we were subject to the 5% Override Rule and, therefore, we believe that we satisfied the Publicly-Traded Test. There are, however, factual circumstances beyond our control that could cause the Company to fail to qualify for the Section 883 exemption and thereby become subject to U.S. federal income tax on its U.S. source shipping income. For example, Hemen owned as much as approximately 18.7% of our outstanding common shares during the 2023 taxable year. There is, therefore, a risk that the Company could no longer qualify for exemption under Section 883 for a particular taxable year if other 5% Shareholders were, in combination with Hemen, to own 50% or more of the outstanding common shares of the Company on more than half the days during the taxable year. Due to the factual nature of the issues involved, there can be no assurances as to whether the Company or any of its subsidiaries satisfy or will continue to satisfy the Publicly-Traded Test.

The 5% Override Rule will not apply if we can establish that among the closely-held group of 5% Shareholders, there are sufficient 5% Shareholders that are considered to be “qualified shareholders” for purposes of Section 883 to preclude non-qualified 5% Shareholders in the closely-held group from owning 50% or more of our common shares for more than half the number of days during the taxable year.

In any year that the 5% Override Rule applies to us, we will be eligible for the exemption from tax under Section 883 if we satisfy the Publicly-Traded Test (which requires, among other things, that the exception to the 5% Override Rule applies) or if we satisfy the 50% Ownership Test. In either case, certain substantiation and reporting requirements regarding the identity of our shareholders must be satisfied in order to qualify for the Section 883 exemption. These requirements are onerous and there is no assurance that we will be able to satisfy them.

Taxation in Absence of the Section 883 Exemption

To the extent we do not qualify for exemption under Section 883 with respect to any item of U.S. source income, the Company’s U.S. source shipping income, to the extent not considered to be “effectively connected” with the conduct of a U.S. trade or business, as discussed below, would be subject to a 4% tax imposed by Section 887 of the Code on a gross basis, without deductions, which we refer to as the “4% gross basis tax regime.” Since, under the sourcing rules described above, no more than 50% of the Company’s shipping income

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can be treated as being derived from U.S. sources, the maximum effective rate of U.S. federal income tax on the Company’s gross shipping income, to the extent not considered to be “effectively connected” with the conduct of a U.S. trade or business, would never exceed 2% under the 4% gross basis tax regime.

Our U.S. source shipping income will be considered “effectively connected” with the conduct of a U.S. trade or business if:

(i) we had, or were treated as having, a fixed place of business in the United States involved in the earning of U.S. source shipping income; and

(ii) substantially all of our U.S. source shipping income is attributable to regularly scheduled transportation, such as the operation of a vessel that followed a published schedule with repeated sailings at regular intervals between the same points for voyages that begin or end in the United States, or, in the case of income from the chartering of a vessel, is attributable to a fixed place of business in the United States.

We do not have, nor will we permit circumstances that would result in having, any vessel sailing to or from the United States on a regularly scheduled basis. Based on the foregoing and on the expected mode of our shipping operations and other activities, we believe that none of our U.S. source shipping income is or will be “effectively connected” with the conduct of a U.S. trade or business.

To the extent we do not qualify for exemption under Section 883 and our U.S. source shipping income is considered to be “effectively connected” with the conduct of a U.S. trade or business, as discussed above, any such “effectively connected” U.S. source shipping income, net of applicable deductions, would be subject to the U.S. federal corporate income tax imposed at a rate of 21%. In addition, we may be subject to the 30% “branch profits” tax on earnings “effectively connected” with the conduct of such U.S. trade or business, as determined after allowance for certain adjustments, and on certain interest paid or deemed paid attributable to the conduct of such U.S. trade or business.

Gain on Sale of Vessels

Regardless of whether we qualify for exemption under Section 883, we will not be subject to U.S. federal income taxation with respect to gain realized on a sale of a vessel, provided the sale is considered to occur outside of the United States under U.S. federal income tax principles. In general, a sale of a vessel will be considered to occur outside of the United States for this purpose if title to the vessel, and risk of loss with respect to the vessel, pass to the buyer of the vessel outside of the United States. It is expected that any sale of a vessel by us will be treated as occurring outside of the United States.

U.S. Taxation of Our Other Income

In addition to our shipping operations, we operate drilling rigs on charter to third parties in various parts of the world. We are not engaged in a trade or business in the United States, and therefore, we do not expect to be subject to U.S. federal income tax on any of our income from such charters.

Taxation of U.S. Holders

The following is a discussion of U.S. federal income tax considerations relevant to the ownership and disposition by a U.S. Holder, as defined below, of our common shares. This discussion does not purport to deal with the tax consequences of owning our common shares to specific U.S. Holders, some of which may be subject to special rules. You are encouraged to consult your tax advisors concerning the overall tax consequences arising in your own particular situation under U.S. federal, state, local or non-U.S. law of the ownership and disposition of our common shares.

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As used herein, the term “U.S. Holder” means a beneficial owner of our common shares that is, for U.S. federal income tax purposes, (i) a citizen or resident of the United States, (ii) a corporation or other entity classified as a corporation created or organized under the laws of the United States, any state thereof, or the District of Columbia, (iii) an estate, the income of which is subject to U.S. federal income tax regardless of its source, or (iv) a trust if (a) a court within the United States is able to exercise primary supervision over the administration of the trust and one or more U.S. persons have the authority to control all substantial decisions of the trust or (b) the trust has in effect a valid election to be treated as a U.S. person for U.S. federal income tax purposes.

If a partnership (or any entity or arrangement classified as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes) holds our common shares, the U.S. federal income tax considerations relating to the ownership and disposition of our common shares to the partnership or a partner in the partnership will generally depend upon the status of the partner and upon the activities of the partnership. If you are a partner in a partnership (or any entity or arrangement classified as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes) holding our common shares, you are encouraged to consult your tax advisor regarding the U.S. federal income tax consequences applicable to the partnership and its partners of the ownership and disposition of our common shares.

Persons considering an investment in our common shares should consult their tax advisors as to the particular tax consequences applicable to them relating to the ownership and disposition of our common shares, including the applicability of U.S. federal, state and local tax laws and non-U.S. tax laws.

Distributions

Subject to the discussion below of passive foreign investment companies, or PFICs, the gross amount of any distribution made by us with respect to our common shares to a U.S. Holder generally will constitute dividends, which may be taxable as ordinary income or “qualified dividend income” as described in more detail below, to the extent of our current and accumulated earnings and profits, as determined under U.S. federal income tax principles. Distributions in excess of our current and accumulated earnings and profits will be treated first as a nontaxable return of capital to the extent of the U.S. Holder’s adjusted tax basis in the U.S. Holder’s common shares, and thereafter as capital gain. Because we are not a U.S. corporation, U.S. Holders that are corporations will generally not be entitled to claim a dividends-received deduction with respect to any distributions they receive from us.

Dividends paid on our common shares to a U.S. Holder who is an individual, trust or estate, will generally be treated as “qualified dividend income” that is taxable to such U.S. Holder at preferential tax rates if (1) (a) we are eligible for the benefits of a comprehensive tax treaty with the United States which the Secretary of Treasury of the United States determines is satisfactory for purposes of this provision and which includes an exchange of information provision, or (b) our common shares are readily tradable on an established securities market in the United States; (2) we are not a PFIC for the taxable year during which the dividend is paid or the immediately preceding taxable year; and (3) the U.S. Holder has owned the common shares for more than 60 days in the 121-day period beginning 60 days before the date on which the common shares become ex-dividend.

We believe that, under currently applicable rules, our common shares are treated as readily tradeable on an established securities market in the United States. Additionally, as discussed further below, we do not believe we are or have ever been a PFIC, and we do not anticipate that we will be a PFIC in any future year. Accordingly, dividends paid by us to a U.S. Holder that satisfies the holding period requirement are generally expected to be treated as “qualified dividend income.” However, there are no assurances that our common shares will be treated as regularly traded on an established securities market in the United States at the time we make a distribution on our common shares. Additionally, no assurances can be given that we are not or will not become a PFIC. Thus, there is no assurance that any dividends paid on our common shares will be eligible for these preferential rates in the hands of a U.S. Holder. Any dividends paid by the Company which are not eligible for these preferential rates will generally be taxed as ordinary income to a U.S. Holder. Distributions on our common shares that are treated

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as dividends generally will constitute income from sources outside the United States for foreign tax credit purposes and generally will constitute passive category income.

Sale, Exchange or other Disposition of Common Shares

Assuming we do not constitute a PFIC for any taxable year, a U.S. Holder generally will recognize capital gain or loss upon a sale, exchange or other disposition of our common shares in an amount equal to the difference between the amount realized (generally, the amount of cash plus the fair market value of any property received) by the U.S. Holder from such sale, exchange or other disposition and the U.S. Holder’s tax basis in such common shares. Such gain or loss will generally be treated as long-term capital gain or loss if the U.S. Holder’s holding period in the common shares is greater than one year at the time of the sale, exchange or other disposition. Otherwise, it will be treated as short-term capital gain or loss. A U.S. Holder’s ability to deduct capital losses is subject to certain limitations. Any gain or loss recognized from the sale or other disposition of our common shares will generally be gain or loss from sources within the United States for U.S. foreign tax credit purposes.

Passive Foreign Investment Company Status and Tax Considerations

Special U.S. federal income tax rules apply to a U.S. Holder that holds stock in a foreign corporation classified as a PFIC for U.S. federal income tax purposes. In general, we will be treated as a PFIC with respect to a U.S. Holder if, for any taxable year in which such U.S. Holder held our common shares, either (a) at least 75% of our gross income for such taxable year consists of “passive income” (e.g., dividends, interest, capital gains and rents and royalties derived other than in the active conduct of a rental business, and gains derived from the sale or exchange of property that gives rise to passive income), or (b) at least 50% of the average value of the assets held by us during such taxable year produce, or are held for the production of, “passive income.” Assets that produce or are held for the production of passive income generally include cash, even if held as working capital or raised in a public offering, marketable securities, and other assets that may produce passive income.

For purposes of determining whether we are a PFIC, we will be treated as earning and owning our proportionate share of the income and assets, respectively, of any of our subsidiary corporations in which we own at least 25% of the value of the subsidiary’s stock. Income earned, or deemed earned, by us in connection with the performance of services generally will not constitute passive income. By contrast, rental income will generally constitute “passive income” unless we were treated under specific rules as deriving our rental income in the active conduct of a trade or business.

Although there is no legal authority directly on point, we believe that, for purposes of determining whether we are a PFIC, the gross income we derive or are deemed to derive from the time chartering activities of our wholly-owned subsidiaries more likely than not constitutes services income, rather than rental income. Correspondingly, we believe that such income does not constitute “passive income,” and the assets that we or our wholly-owned subsidiaries own and operate in connection with the production of such income, in particular, the vessels, do not constitute passive assets for purposes of determining whether we are a PFIC. We believe there is substantial legal authority supporting our position consisting of case law and Internal Revenue Service, or IRS, pronouncements concerning the characterization of income derived from time charters and voyage charters as services income for other tax purposes.

Based on our past, current and anticipated chartering activities, we do not believe that we have been treated as a PFIC for any prior taxable year nor will be treated as a PFIC for the current or future taxable years, although no assurance can be given in this regard. We intend to take the position that we were not treated as a PFIC for our 2023 taxable year or any prior taxable year

Our status as a PFIC will depend on the nature and composition of our income and the nature, composition and value of our assets. We note that there is no direct legal authority under the PFIC rules addressing our current and proposed method of operation. In addition, our status as a PFIC is a fact-intensive determination made on an

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annual basis after the end of each taxable year. Although we intend to conduct our affairs in a manner to avoid being classified as a PFIC with respect to any taxable year, we cannot assure you that the nature of our operations will not change in the future. Accordingly, no assurance can be given that the IRS or a court of law will accept our position, and there is a significant risk that the IRS or a court of law could determine that we are a PFIC.

If we are a PFIC for any year during which a U.S. Holder holds our common shares, we must generally continue to be treated as a PFIC by that holder for all succeeding years during which the U.S. Holder holds our common shares, unless we cease to meet the requirements for PFIC status and the U.S. Holder makes a “deemed sale” election with respect to our common shares. If the election is made, the U.S. Holder will be deemed to sell the common shares it holds at their fair market value on the last day of the last taxable year in which we qualified as a PFIC, and any gain recognized from such deemed sale would be taxed under the PFIC excess distribution regime described below. After the deemed sale election, the U.S. Holder’s common shares would not be treated as shares of a PFIC unless we subsequently become a PFIC.

If we are a PFIC for any taxable year during which a U.S. Holder holds our common shares and one of our non-U.S. corporate subsidiaries is also a PFIC (i.e., a lower-tier PFIC), such U.S. Holder would be treated as owning a proportionate amount (by value) of the shares of the lower-tier PFIC and would be taxed under the PFIC excess distribution regime described below on distributions by the lower-tier PFIC and on gain from the disposition of shares of the lower-tier PFIC, even though such U.S. Holder may not receive the proceeds of those distributions or dispositions. Each U.S. Holder is advised to consult its tax advisors regarding the application of the PFIC rules to our non-U.S. subsidiaries.

As discussed more fully below, if we were to be treated as a PFIC for any taxable year, a U.S. Holder would be subject to different taxation rules depending on whether the U.S. Holder makes an election to treat us as a “Qualified Electing Fund”, which election we refer to as a QEF Election. As an alternative to making a QEF Election, a U.S. Holder may be able to make a “mark-to-market” election with respect to our common shares, as discussed below, and which election we refer to as a Mark-to-Market Election. In any event, if we were to be treated as a PFIC for any taxable year ending on or after December 31, 2013, a U.S. Holder would be required to file an annual report with the Internal Revenue Service for that year with respect to their holding in our common shares.

Taxation of U.S. Holders Making a Timely QEF Election

If we were to be treated as a PFIC for any taxable year and a U.S. Holder makes a timely QEF Election, which U.S. Holder we refer to as an Electing Holder, the Electing Holder must report each year for U.S. federal income tax purposes its pro rata share of our ordinary earnings and our net capital gain, if any, for our taxable year that ends with or within the taxable year of the Electing Holder, regardless of whether or not distributions were received from us by the Electing Holder. The Electing Holder’s adjusted tax basis in the common shares will be increased to reflect taxed but undistributed earnings and profits. Distributions of earnings and profits that had been previously taxed will result in a corresponding reduction in the adjusted tax basis in the common shares and will not be taxed again once distributed. A U.S. Holder generally may make a separate election to defer the payment of taxes on undistributed income inclusions under the QEF rules, but if deferred, any such taxes will be subject to an interest charge. A U.S. Holder makes a QEF Election with respect to any taxable year that we are a PFIC by filing one copy of IRS Form 8621 with its U.S. federal income tax return. To make a QEF Election, a U.S. Holder must receive certain tax information from us annually. There can be no assurances that we will or that we will be able to provide such information annually. An Electing Holder that has made a timely QEF Election for our first taxable year as a PFIC in which the U.S. Holder holds (or is deemed to hold) our common shares will generally recognize capital gain or loss on the sale, exchange or other disposition of our common shares and will not be subject to an interest charge under the PFIC rules. The QEF Election is made on a shareholder-by-shareholder basis and, once made, can be revoked only with the consent of the IRS.

Although a determination as to our PFIC status will be made annually, if we are a PFIC for any year during which a U.S. Holder holds our common shares, we must generally continue to be treated as a PFIC by that holder

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for all succeeding years during which the U.S. Holder holds our common shares, whether or not we meet the test for PFIC status in those subsequent years. A U.S. Holder that makes the QEF Election discussed above for our first taxable year as a PFIC in which the U.S. Holder holds (or is deemed to hold) our common shares, however, will not be subject to the PFIC tax and interest charge rules discussed above in respect to such shares. In addition, such U.S. Holder will not be subject to the QEF Election inclusion regime with respect to our common shares for any taxable year of ours that ends within or with a taxable year of the U.S. Holder and in which we are not a PFIC. On the other hand, if the QEF Election is not effective for each of our taxable years in which we are a PFIC and the U.S. Holder holds our common shares, the PFIC rules discussed below will continue to apply to such common shares unless the holder makes a “deemed sale” election under the PFIC rules. If the U.S. Holder makes such a deemed sale election, the U.S. Holder may thereafter make a QEF Election. The deemed sale election creates a deemed sale of such common shares at their fair market value. The gain recognized by the deemed sale election attributable to the pre-QEF Election period will be subject to the special tax and interest charge rules treating the gain as an excess distribution under the general PFIC rules described below. As a result of the deemed sale election, the U.S. Holder will have a new basis and holding period in the common shares for purposes of the PFIC rules. U.S. Holders are urged to consult their tax advisors as to the application of the rules governing purging elections to their particular circumstances.

Taxation of U.S. Holders Making a Mark-to-Market Election

Alternatively, if we were to be treated as a PFIC for any taxable year and our common shares are treated as “marketable stock,” a U.S. Holder would be permitted to make a Mark-to-Market Election with respect to our common shares, provided the U.S. Holder completes and files IRS Form 8621 in accordance with the relevant instructions and related Treasury Regulations. Our common shares will be marketable stock as long as they remain listed on NYSE and are regularly traded, other than in de minimis quantities, on at least 15 days during each calendar quarter. However, no assurances can be made that our common shares will be marketable stock. If a Mark-to-Market Election is made, the U.S. Holder generally would include as ordinary income in each taxable year the excess, if any, of the fair market value of the common shares at the end of the taxable year over such holder’s adjusted tax basis in the common shares. The U.S. Holder would also be permitted an ordinary loss in respect of the excess, if any, of the U.S. Holder’s adjusted tax basis in the common shares over its fair market value at the end of the taxable year, but only to the extent of the net amount previously included in income as a result of the Mark-to-Market Election. A U.S. Holder’s tax basis in its common shares would be adjusted to reflect any such income or loss amount. Gain realized on the sale, exchange or other disposition of our common shares would be treated as ordinary income, and any loss realized on the sale, exchange or other disposition of the common shares would first be treated as ordinary loss to the extent that such loss does not exceed the net mark-to-market gains previously included in income by the U.S. Holder and thereafter be treated as capital loss.

A Mark-to-Market Election will not apply to common shares for any taxable year during which we are not a PFIC, but will remain in effect with respect to any subsequent taxable year in which we become a PFIC. Such election will not apply to any non-U.S. subsidiaries that we currently own or that we may organize or acquire in the future. Accordingly, a U.S. Holder may continue to be subject to tax under the PFIC excess distribution regime described below with respect to any lower-tier PFICs that we currently own or that we may organize or acquire in the future notwithstanding the U.S. Holder’s Mark-to-Market Election for our common shares.

Taxation of U.S. Holders Not Making a Timely QEF or Mark-to-Market Election

Finally, if we were to be treated as a PFIC for any taxable year, a U.S. Holder who does not make either a QEF Election or a Mark-to-Market Election for that year, whom we refer to as a Non-Electing Holder, would be subject to special rules with respect to (1) any excess distribution (i.e., the portion of any distributions received by the Non-Electing Holder on our common shares in a taxable year in excess of 125 % of the average annual distributions received by the Non-Electing Holder in the three preceding taxable years, or, if shorter, the Non-Electing Holder’s holding period for the common shares), and (2) any gain realized on the sale, exchange or

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other disposition (including a pledge) of our common shares, whether or not we continue to be a PFIC. Under these special rules:

(i) the excess distribution or gain would be allocated ratably over the Non-Electing Holders’ aggregate holding period for the common shares;

(ii) the amount allocated to the current taxable year and any taxable years before the Company became a PFIC would be taxed as ordinary income earned in the current taxable year; and

(iii) the amount allocated to each of the other taxable years would be subject to tax at the highest marginal rate of tax in effect for individuals or corporations, as applicable, for each such taxable year, and an interest charge generally applicable to underpayments of tax would be imposed with respect to the resulting tax attributable to each such other taxable year.

The U.S. federal income tax rules relating to PFICs are very complex. Prospective U.S. Holders are strongly urged to consult their own tax advisors with respect to the impact of PFIC status on the ownership and disposition of our common shares, the consequences to them of an investment in a PFIC, any elections available with respect to our common shares and the IRS information reporting obligations with respect to the ownership and disposition of common shares of a PFIC.

Taxation of Non-U.S. Holders

A beneficial owner of common shares that is not a U.S. Holder or a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes is referred to herein as a Non-U.S. Holder.

Dividends on Common Shares

Non-U.S. Holders generally will not be subject to U.S. federal income or withholding tax on dividends received from us with respect to our common shares, unless that dividend is effectively connected with the Non-U.S. Holder’s conduct of a trade or business in the United States. If the Non-U.S. Holder is eligible for the benefits of an income tax treaty to which the United States is a party with respect to the dividends, such income is taxable to the extent it is attributable to a permanent establishment maintained by the Non-U.S. Holder in the United States.

Sale, Exchange or Other Disposition of Common Shares

Non-U.S. Holders generally will not be subject to U.S. federal income or withholding tax on any gain realized upon the sale, exchange or other disposition of our common shares, unless:

(i) the gain is effectively connected with the Non-U.S. Holder’s conduct of a trade or business in the United States (and, if the Non-U.S. Holder is eligible for the benefits of an income tax treaty with respect to the gain, the gain is attributable to a permanent establishment maintained by the Non-U.S. Holder in the United States); or

(ii) the Non-U.S. Holder is an individual who is present in the United States for 183 days or more during the taxable year of disposition and other conditions are met.

If the Non-U.S. Holder is engaged in a U.S. trade or business for U.S. federal income tax purposes, the income from our common shares, including dividends and any gain from the sale, exchange or other disposition of our common shares, that is effectively connected with the conduct of that trade or business will generally be subject to regular U.S. federal income tax in the same manner as discussed in the previous section relating to the taxation of U.S. Holders. In addition, if you are a corporate Non-U.S. Holder, your earnings and profits that are attributable to the effectively connected income, subject to certain adjustments, may be subject to an additional branch profits tax at a rate of 30%, or at a lower rate as may be specified by an applicable income tax treaty.

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Backup Withholding and Information Reporting

In general, dividend payments, or certain other payments, made to you with certain connections to the United States will be subject to information reporting requirements. Such payments will also be subject to backup withholding at the applicable tax rate (currently 24%) if you are a non-corporate U.S. Holder and you:

(i) fail to provide an accurate taxpayer identification number;

(ii) are notified by the IRS that you have failed to report all interest or dividends required to be shown on your U.S. federal income tax returns; or

(iii) in certain circumstances, fail to comply with applicable certification requirements.

Non-U.S. Holders may be required to establish their exemption from information reporting and backup withholding by certifying their status on an applicable IRS Form W-8.

If you are a Non-U.S. Holder and you sell your common shares to or through a U.S. office of a broker, the payment of the proceeds may be subject to U.S. backup withholding and information reporting unless you certify that you are a non-U.S. person, under penalties of perjury, or otherwise establish an exemption. If you sell your common shares through a non-U.S. office of a non-U.S. broker and the sales proceeds are paid to you outside the United States, then information reporting and backup withholding generally will not apply to the payment. However, U.S. information reporting will apply to a payment of sales proceeds, including a payment made to you outside the United States, if you sell your common shares through a non-U.S. office of a broker that is a U.S. person or has certain other contacts with the United States. Such information reporting requirements will not apply if the broker has documentary evidence that you are a non-U.S. person and certain other conditions are met, or you otherwise establish an exemption.

A U.S. Holder generally may demonstrate that is exempt from backup withholding by providing a duly completed and executed IRS Form W-9 to the applicable withholding agent, providing the U.S. Holder’s taxpayer identification number and certifying that the taxpayer is not subject to backup withholding or otherwise demonstrating an adequate basis for exemption.

Backup withholding is not an additional tax. Rather, you generally may obtain a refund or credit of any amounts withheld under backup withholding rules against your U.S. federal income tax liability if you timely furnish the required information to the IRS.

Other U.S. Information Reporting Obligations

Individuals who are U.S. Holders (and to the extent specified in applicable Treasury regulations, certain individuals who are Non-U.S. Holders and certain U.S. entities) who hold “specified foreign financial assets” (as defined in Section 6038D of the Code) are required to file IRS Form 8938 with information relating to the asset for each taxable year in which the aggregate value of all such assets exceeds $75,000 at any time during the taxable year or $50,000 on the last day of the taxable year (or such higher dollar amount as prescribed by applicable Treasury regulations). Specified foreign financial assets would include, among other assets, our common shares, unless the shares are held through an account maintained with a U.S. financial institution. Substantial penalties apply to any failure to timely file IRS Form 8938, unless the failure is shown to be due to reasonable cause and not due to willful neglect. Additionally, in the event an individual U.S. Holder (and to the extent specified in applicable Treasury regulations, an individual Non-U.S. Holder or applicable U.S. entity) that is required to file IRS Form 8938 does not file such form, the statute of limitations on the assessment and collection of U.S. federal income taxes of such holder for the related tax year may not close until three years after the date that the required information is filed. U.S. Holders paying more than $100,000 for our common shares may be required to file IRS Form 926. Holders of our common shares are encouraged to consult their tax advisors regarding their tax reporting obligations.

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Bermuda Taxation

Under current Bermuda law, we are not subject to tax on income or capital gains. We have received from the Minister of Finance under the Exempted Undertakings Tax Protection Act 1966 (the “Tax Protection Act”), as amended, an assurance that, in the event that Bermuda enacts legislation imposing tax computed on profits, income, any capital asset, gain or appreciation, or any tax in the nature of estate duty or inheritance, then the imposition of any such tax shall not be applicable to us or to any of our operations or shares, debentures or other obligations, until March 31, 2035. We could be subject to taxes in Bermuda after that date. This assurance is subject to the proviso that it is not to be construed to prevent the application of any tax or duty to such persons as are ordinarily resident in Bermuda or to prevent the application of any tax payable in accordance with the provisions of the Land Tax Act 1967 or otherwise payable in relation to any property leased to us. We and our subsidiaries incorporated in Bermuda pay annual government fees to the Bermuda government.

In December 2023, Bermuda passed into law the Corporate Income Tax 2023 (the “Corporate Income Tax Act”) in response to the OECD’s Pillar Two global minimum tax initiative to impose a 15% corporate income tax that will be effective for fiscal years beginning on or after January 1, 2025, providing time to Bermuda multinational groups that are in scope in order to transition and make the necessary adjustments.

The assurance granted by the Minister of Finance pursuant to the Tax Protection Act has been made subject to the application of any taxes payable pursuant to the Corporate Income Tax Act. Amendments were made to the Tax Protection Act by the Corporate Income Tax Act, with the consequence that liability for any taxes payable pursuant to the Corporate Income Tax Act will apply notwithstanding any prior assurance given pursuant to the Tax Protection Act.

Subject to certain exceptions, Bermuda entities that are part of a multinational group will be in scope of the provisions of the Corporate Income Tax Act if, with respect a fiscal year, such group has annual revenue of €750 million or more in the consolidated financial statements of the ultimate parent entity for at least two of the four fiscal years immediately prior to such fiscal year (“Bermuda Constituent Entity Group”).

Where corporate income tax is chargeable to a Bermuda Constituent Entity Group, the amount of corporate income tax chargeable to a Bermuda Constituent Entity Group for a fiscal year shall be 15% of the net taxable income of the Bermuda Constituent Entity Group, less tax credits applicable under the Corporate Income Tax Act (foreign tax credits) or as prescribed by regulation by the Minister of Finance (qualified refundable tax credits).

Qualified refundable tax credits, expected to be developed during 2024, will be incorporated into the new corporate income tax regime to provide incentives for investment by international companies. The Minister of Finance has stated that investments could be encouraged in areas such as infrastructure, education, healthcare, innovation and housing. As Bermuda continues to participate in the global minimum tax initiative, it will closely track the manner in which this is implemented around the world.

Taxation in Other Jurisdictions

From time to time, we are subject to income and other taxes in various jurisdictions, and our results of operations and financial results may be affected by tax and other initiatives around the world. For instance, there is a high level of uncertainty in today’s tax environment stemming from global initiatives put forth by the OECD’s two-pillar base erosion and profit shifting project. In October 2021, members of the OECD put forth two proposals: (i) Pillar One reallocates profit to the market jurisdictions where sales arise versus physical presence; and (ii) Pillar Two compels multinational corporations with €750 million or more in annual revenue to pay a global minimum tax of 15% on income received in each country in which they operate. The reforms aim to level the playing field between countries by discouraging them from reducing their corporate income taxes to attract foreign business investment. Over 140 countries agreed to enact the two-pillar solution to address the challenges arising from the digitalization of the economy and, in 2024, these guidelines were declared effective

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and must now be enacted by those OECD member countries. Qualifying international shipping income is currently exempt from many aspects of this framework if the exemption requirements are met. If we are in the scope of OECD’s Pillar Two rules, including due to our inability to satisfy the requirements of the international shipping exemption, these changes, when and if enacted and implemented by various countries in which we do business, could increase the burden and costs of our tax compliance, the amount of taxes we incur in those jurisdictions and our global effective tax rate, which could have a material adverse impact on our results of operations and financial results.

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UNDERWRITING

Subject to the terms and conditions stated in the underwriting agreement dated the date of this prospectus supplement, Morgan Stanley & Co. LLC and BTIG, LLC have severally agreed to purchase, and we have agreed to sell to Morgan Stanley & Co. LLC and BTIG, LLC, an aggregate of    common shares, as more fully described in the underwriting agreement.

The underwriting agreement provides that the obligations of the underwriters to purchase the common shares included in this offering are subject to approval of legal matters by counsel and to other conditions. The underwriters are obligated to purchase all the common shares (other than those covered by the over-allotment option to purchase additional shares described below) offered by us if they purchase any of the common shares.

The common shares sold by the underwriters to the public will initially be offered at the initial public offering price set forth on the cover of this prospectus supplement. The underwriters may allow, and dealers may reallow, a concession not to exceed $    per share on sales to other dealers. If all the common shares are not sold at the initial offering price, the underwriters may change the offering price and the other selling terms. The offering of the shares by the underwriters is subject to receipt and acceptance and subject to the underwriters’ right to reject any order in whole or in part.

The underwriting fee is equal to the public offering price per common share less the amount paid by the underwriters to us per common share. The underwriting fee is $    per share. The following table shows the public offering price, underwriting discount and proceeds before expenses to us. The information assumes either no exercise or full exercise by the underwriters of their over-allotment option to purchase additional common shares from us.

The estimated offering expenses payable by us (excluding the underwriting discount) are approximately $   , which includes legal, accounting and printing costs and various other fees associated with registering the common shares. The underwriters have agreed to reimburse us for certain of our expenses in connection with the offering, which we may at our discretion use for, among other things, legal, accounting, printing and consulting expenses.

We have granted the underwriters the over-allotment option to purchase, exercisable within 30 days of the date of this prospectus supplement, up to an additional 1,200,000 common shares from us, on the same terms and conditions set forth above. Any common shares issued or sold under the over-allotment option will be issued and sold on the same terms and conditions as the other common shares that are the subject of this offering.

The Company and all of its directors and executive officers (the “Locked-Up Parties”) have agreed that, for a period of 60 days from the date of this prospectus supplement (the “Lock-Up Period”), it will not, and will not

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publicly disclose an intention to, without the prior written consent of Morgan Stanley & Co. LLC on behalf of the underwriters, (i) offer, pledge, sell, contract to sell, sell any option or contract to purchase, purchase any option or contract to sell, grant any option, right or warrant to purchase, lend, or otherwise transfer or dispose of, directly or indirectly, any common shares or any securities convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for common shares or (ii) enter into any swap or other arrangement that transfers to another, in whole or in part, any of the economic consequences of ownership of the common shares, whether any such transaction described in clause (i) or (ii) above is to be settled by delivery of common shares or such other securities, in cash or otherwise. The restrictions contained in the preceding sentence shall not apply to (A) transactions relating to common shares or other securities acquired in open market transactions after the completion of the transactions contemplated in this prospectus supplement, provided that no filing under Section 16(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (“Exchange Act”) is required or voluntarily made in connection with subsequent sales of common shares or other securities acquired in such open market transactions, (B) transfers of common shares or any security convertible into common shares as a bona fide gift, (C) distributions of common shares or any security convertible into common shares to limited partners or stockholders of the Locked-Up Parties, provided that in the case of any transfer or distribution pursuant to (B) or (C), (i) each donee or distribute shall sign and deliver an agreement substantially as described in this paragraph and (ii) no filing under Section 16(a) of the Exchange Act reporting a reduction in beneficial ownership of common shares shall be required or shall be voluntarily made during the Lock-Up Period, (D) the exercise, conversion or forfeiture or exchange of common shares pursuant to awards made under the Company’s long term incentive plans as described in this prospectus supplement, (E) pursuant to a bona fide third party tender offer, merger, amalgamation, consolidation or other similar transaction made to all holders of the Company’s common shares involving a change of control of the Company, provided that in the event that such tender offer, merger, amalgamation, consolidation or other such transaction is not completed, the common shares shall remain subject to the provisions of this agreement, or (F) facilitating the establishment of a trading plan on behalf of a shareholder, officer or director of the Company pursuant to Rule 10b5-1 under the Exchange Act for the transfer of common shares, provided that (i) such plan does not provide for the transfer of common shares during the Lock-Up Period and (ii) to the extent a public announcement or filing under the Exchange Act, if any, is required of or voluntarily made by or on behalf of the Locked-Up Parties or the Company regarding the establishment of such plan, such announcement or filing shall include a statement to the effect that no transfer of common shares may be made under such plan during the Lock-Up Period. For purposes of this paragraph, “change of control” means the consummation of any bona fide third party tender offer, merger, amalgamation, consolidation or other similar transaction the result of which is that any “person” (as defined in Section 13(d)(3) of the Exchange Act), or group of persons, other than the Company, becomes the beneficial owner (as defined in Rules 13d-3 and 13d-5 of the Exchange Act) of more than 50% of total voting power of the voting stock of the Company. In addition, the Locked-Up Parties agree that, without the prior written consent of Morgan Stanley & Co. LLC on behalf of the underwriters, they will not, during the Locked-Up Parties, make any demand for or exercise any right with respect to the registration of any common shares or any security convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for common shares.

In connection with the offering, the underwriters may purchase and sell common shares in the open market. Purchases and sales in the open market may include short sales, purchases to cover short positions, which may include purchases pursuant to the option to purchase additional shares, and stabilizing purchases. Short sales involve secondary market sales by the underwriters of a greater number of common shares than it is required to purchase in the offering. “Covered” short sales are sales of common shares in an amount up to the number of common shares represented by the underwriters’ option to purchase additional shares. “Naked” short sales are sales of common shares in an amount in excess of the number of common shares represented by the underwriters’ option to purchase additional shares. Covering transactions involve purchases of common shares either pursuant to the underwriters’ option to purchase additional shares or in the open market after the distribution has been completed to cover short positions. To close a naked short position, the underwriters must purchase common shares in the open market after the distribution has been completed. A naked short position is more likely to be created if the underwriters are concerned that there may be downward pressure on the price of the common shares in the open market after pricing that could adversely affect investors who purchase in the offering. To close a covered short position, the underwriters must purchase common shares in the open market

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after the distribution has been completed or must exercise the option to purchase additional shares. In determining the source of common shares to close the covered short position, the underwriters will consider, among other things, the price of common shares available for purchase in the open market as compared to the price at which it may purchase common shares through the option to purchase additional shares. Stabilizing transactions involve bids to purchase common shares so long as the stabilizing bids do not exceed a specified maximum.

Purchases to cover short positions and stabilizing purchases, as well as other purchases by the underwriters for their own accounts, may have the effect of preventing or retarding a decline in the market price of the common shares. They may also cause the price of the common shares to be higher than the price that would otherwise exist in the open market in the absence of these transactions. The underwriters may conduct these transactions on the NYSE, in the over-the-counter market or otherwise. If the underwriters commence any of these transactions, it may discontinue them at any time.

The underwriters and their respective affiliates are full service financial institutions engaged in various activities, which may include securities trading, commercial and investment banking, financial advisory, investment management, investment research, principal investment, hedging, financing and brokerage activities. Certain of the underwriters and their respective affiliates have, from time to time, performed, and may in the future perform, various financial advisory and investment banking services for us, for which they received or will receive customary fees and expenses.

In addition, in the ordinary course of their various business activities, the underwriters and their affiliates may make or hold a broad array of investments and actively trade debt and equity securities (or related derivative securities) and financial instruments (including bank loans) for their own account and for the accounts of their customers, and such investment and securities activities may involve securities and instruments of ours or our affiliates. The underwriters and their affiliates may also make investment recommendations or publish or express independent research views in respect of such securities or financial instruments and may at any time hold, or recommend to clients that they acquire, long or short positions in such securities and instruments.

Notice to Prospective Investors in Australia

This prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus:

The securities may not be directly or indirectly offered for subscription or purchased or sold, and no invitations to subscribe for or buy the securities may be issued, and no draft or definitive offering memorandum, advertisement or other offering material relating to any may be distributed in Australia, except where disclosure to investors is not required under Chapter 6D of the Corporations Act or is otherwise in compliance with all applicable Australian laws and regulations. By submitting an application for the securities, you represent and warrant to us that you are an Exempt Investor.

As any offer of securities under this document will be made without disclosure in Australia under Chapter 6D.2 of the Corporations Act, the offer of those securities for resale in Australia within 12 months may, under

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section 707 of the Corporations Act, require disclosure to investors under Chapter 6D.2 if none of the exemptions in section 708 applies to that resale. By applying for the securities you undertake to us that you will not, for a period of 12 months from the date of issue or sale, as applicable, of the securities, offer, transfer, assign or otherwise alienate those securities to investors in Australia except in circumstances where disclosure to investors is not required under Chapter 6D.2 of the Corporations Act or where a compliant disclosure document is prepared and lodged with ASIC.

Notice to Prospective Investors in Canada

The securities may be sold only to purchasers purchasing, or deemed to be purchasing, as principal that are accredited investors, as defined in National Instrument 45-106 Prospectus Exemptions or subsection 73.3(1) of the Securities Act (Ontario), and are permitted clients, as defined in National Instrument 31-103 Registration Requirements, Exemptions and Ongoing Registrant Obligations. Any resale of the securities must be made in accordance with an exemption from, or in a transaction not subject to, the prospectus requirements of applicable securities laws.

Securities legislation in certain provinces or territories of Canada may provide a purchaser with remedies for rescission or damages if this prospectus supplement and/or accompanying prospectus (including any amendment thereto) contains a misrepresentation, provided that the remedies for rescission or damages are exercised by the purchaser within the time limit prescribed by the securities legislation of the purchaser’s province or territory. The purchaser should refer to any applicable provisions of the securities legislation of the purchaser’s province or territory for particulars of these rights or consult with a legal advisor.

Pursuant to section 3A.3 (or, in the case of securities issued or guaranteed by the government of a non-Canadian jurisdiction, Section 3A.4) of National Instrument 33-105 Underwriting Conflicts (NI 33-105), the underwriters are not required to comply with the disclosure requirements of NI 33-105 regarding underwriter conflicts of interest in connection with this offering.

Notice to Prospective Investors in Dubai International Financial Centre (DIFC)

This prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus relates to an Exempt Offer in accordance with the Markets Rules 2012 of the Dubai Financial Services Authority (DFSA). This prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus is intended for distribution only to persons of a type specified in the Markets Rules 2012 of the DFSA. It must not be delivered to, or relied on by, any other person. The DFSA has no responsibility for reviewing or verifying any documents in connection with Exempt Offers. The DFSA has not approved this prospectus supplement, nor the accompanying prospectus nor taken steps to verify the information set forth herein and has no responsibility for this prospectus supplement or the accompanying prospectus. The securities to which this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus relates may be illiquid and/or subject to restrictions on their resale. Prospective purchasers of the securities offered should conduct their own due diligence on the securities. If you do not understand the contents of this prospectus supplement or the accompanying prospectus you should consult an authorized financial advisor.

In relation to its use in the DIFC, this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus is strictly private and confidential and is being distributed to a limited number of investors and must not be provided to any person other than the original recipient, and may not be reproduced or used for any other purpose. The interests in the securities may not be offered or sold directly or indirectly to the public in the DIFC.

Notice to Prospective Investors in the European Economic Area

In relation to each Member State of the European Economic Area (each a “Relevant State”), no securities have been offered or will be offered pursuant to this offering to the public in that Relevant State prior to the publication of a prospectus in relation to the securities which has been approved by the competent authority in that Relevant State or, where appropriate, approved in another Relevant State and notified to the competent

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authority in that Relevant State, all in accordance with the Prospectus Regulation, except that offers of securities may be made to the public in that Relevant State at any time under the following exemptions under the Prospectus Regulation:

provided that no such offer of securities shall require us or any underwriter to publish a prospectus pursuant to Article 3 of the Prospectus Regulation or supplement a prospectus pursuant to Article 23 of the Prospectus Regulation. and each person who initially acquires any securities or to whom any offer is made will be deemed to have represented, acknowledged and agreed to and with each of the underwriters and the Company that it is a “qualified investor” within the meaning of Article 2(e) of the Prospectus Regulation. In the case of any securities being offered to a financial intermediary as that term is used in the Prospectus Regulation, each such financial intermediary will be deemed to have represented, acknowledged and agreed that the securities acquired by it in the offer have not been acquired on a non-discretionary basis on behalf of, nor have they been acquired with a view to their offer or resale to, persons in circumstances which may give rise to an offer of any securities to the public other than their offer or resale in a Relevant State to qualified investors as so defined or in circumstances in which the prior consent of the underwriters have been obtained to each such proposed offer or resale.

For the purposes of this provision, the expression an “offer to the public” in relation to securities in any Relevant State means the communication in any form and by any means of sufficient information on the terms of the offer and any securities to be offered so as to enable an investor to decide to purchase or subscribe for any securities, and the expression “Prospectus Regulation” means Regulation (EU) 2017/1129.

Notice to Prospective Investors in Hong Kong

The securities have not been offered or sold and will not be offered or sold in Hong Kong, by means of any document, other than (i) to “professional investors” as defined in the Securities and Futures Ordinance (Cap. 571 of the Laws of Hong Kong) (the “SFO”) of Hong Kong and any rules made thereunder; or (ii) in other circumstances which do not result in the document being a “prospectus” as defined in the Companies (Winding Up and Miscellaneous Provisions) Ordinance (Cap. 32) of Hong Kong (the “CO”) or which do not constitute an offer to the public within the meaning of the CO. No advertisement, invitation or document relating to the securities has been or may be issued or has been or may be in the possession of any person for the purposes of issue, whether in Hong Kong or elsewhere, which is directed at, or the contents of which are likely to be accessed or read by, the public of Hong Kong (except if permitted to do so under the securities laws of Hong Kong) other than with respect to securities which are or are intended to be disposed of only to persons outside Hong Kong or only to “professional investors” as defined in the SFO and any rules made thereunder.

Notice to Prospective Investors in Israel

In the State of Israel this prospectus supplement or the accompanying prospectus shall not be regarded as an offer to the public to purchase securities under the Israeli Securities Law, 5728-1968, which requires a prospectus to be published and authorized by the Israel Securities Authority, if it complies with certain provisions of Section 15 of the Israeli Securities Law, 5728-1968, including, inter alia, if: (i) the offer is made, distributed or directed to not more than 35 investors, subject to certain conditions, or the Addressed Investors; or (ii) the offer is made, distributed or directed to certain qualified investors defined in the First Addendum of the Israeli Securities Law, 5728-1968, subject to certain conditions, or the Qualified Investors. The Qualified Investors shall not be taken into account in the count of the Addressed Investors and may be offered to purchase securities in addition to the 35 Addressed Investors. We have not and will not take any action that would require it to publish a prospectus in accordance with and subject to the Israeli Securities Law, 5728-1968. We have not and will not

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distribute this prospectus or the accompanying prospectus supplement or make, distribute or direct an offer to subscribe for our securities to any person within the State of Israel, other than to Qualified Investors and up to 35 Addressed Investors.

Qualified Investors may have to submit written evidence that they meet the definitions set out in of the First Addendum to the Israeli Securities Law, 5728-1968. In particular, we may request, as a condition to be offered securities, that Qualified Investors will each represent, warrant and certify to us and/or to anyone acting on our behalf: (i) that it is an investor falling within one of the categories listed in the First Addendum to the Israeli Securities Law, 5728-1968; (ii) which of the categories listed in the First Addendum to the Israeli Securities Law, 5728-1968 regarding Qualified Investors is applicable to it; (iii) that it will abide by all provisions set forth in the Israeli Securities Law, 5728-1968 and the regulations promulgated thereunder in connection with the offer to be issued securities; (iv) that the securities that it will be issued are, subject to exemptions available under the Israeli Securities Law, 5728-1968: (A) for its own account; (B) for investment purposes only; and (C) not issued with a view to resale within the State of Israel, other than in accordance with the provisions of the Israeli Securities Law, 5728-1968; and (v) that it is willing to provide further evidence of its Qualified Investor status. Addressed Investors may have to submit written evidence in respect of their identity and may have to sign and submit a declaration containing, inter alia, the Addressed Investor’s name, address and passport number or Israeli identification number.

Notice to Prospective Investors in Japan

The securities have not been and will not be registered pursuant to Article 4, Paragraph 1 of the Financial Instruments and Exchange Act. Accordingly, none of the securities nor any interest therein may be offered or sold, directly or indirectly, in Japan or to, or for the benefit of, any “resident” of Japan (which term as used herein means any person resident in Japan, including any corporation or other entity organized under the laws of Japan), or to others for re-offering or resale, directly or indirectly, in Japan or to or for the benefit of a resident of Japan, except pursuant to an exemption from the registration requirements of, and otherwise in compliance with, the Financial Instruments and Exchange Act and any other applicable laws, regulations and ministerial guidelines of Japan in effect at the relevant time.

Notice to Prospective Investors in Singapore

Each underwriter has acknowledged that this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus have not been registered as a prospectus with the Monetary Authority of Singapore. Accordingly, each underwriter has represented and agreed that it has not offered or sold any securities or caused the securities to be made the subject of an invitation for subscription or purchase and will not offer or sell any securities or cause the securities to be made the subject of an invitation for subscription or purchase, has not circulated or distributed, nor will it circulate or distribute, this prospectus supplement, the accompanying prospectus or any other document or material in connection with the offer or sale, or invitation for subscription or purchase, of the securities, whether directly or indirectly, to any person in Singapore other than (i) to an institutional investor (as defined in Section 4A of the Securities and Futures Act (Chapter 289) of Singapore, as modified or amended from time to time (the “SFA”)) pursuant to Section 274 of the SFA, (ii) to a relevant person (as defined in Section 275(2) of the SFA) pursuant to Section 275(1) of the SFA, or any person pursuant to Section 275(1A) of the SFA, and in accordance with the conditions specified in Section 275 of the SFA, or (iii) otherwise pursuant to, and in accordance with the conditions of, any other applicable provision of the SFA.

Where the securities are subscribed or purchased under Section 275 of the SFA by a relevant person which is:

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Notice to Prospective Investors in Switzerland

The securities may not be publicly offered in Switzerland and will not be listed on the SIX Swiss Exchange, or SIX, or on any other stock exchange or regulated trading facility in Switzerland. This prospectus supplement or the accompanying prospectus does not constitute a prospectus within the meaning of, and has been prepared without regard to the disclosure standards for issuance prospectuses under art. 652a or art. 1156 of the Swiss Code of Obligations or the disclosure standards for listing prospectuses under art. 27 ff. of the SIX Listing Rules or the listing rules of any other stock exchange or regulated trading facility in Switzerland. Neither this prospectus supplement, nor the accompanying prospectus nor any other offering or marketing material relating to the securities or the offering may be publicly distributed or otherwise made publicly available in Switzerland.

Neither this prospectus supplement nor the accompanying prospectus, nor any other offering or marketing material relating to the offering, us or the securities have been or will be filed with or approved by any Swiss regulatory authority. In particular, this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus will not be filed with, and the offer of securities will not be supervised by, the Swiss Financial Market Supervisory Authority, or FINMA, and the offer of securities has not been and will not be authorized under the Swiss Federal Act on Collective Investment Schemes, or CISA. The investor protection afforded to acquirers of interests in collective investment schemes under the CISA does not extend to acquirers of securities.

Notice to Prospective Investors in the United Kingdom

No securities have been offered or will be offered pursuant to this offering to the public in the United Kingdom prior to the publication of a prospectus in relation to the securities which is to be treated as if it had been approved by the Financial Conduct Authority in accordance with the transitional provisions in Article 74 (transitional provisions) of the Prospectus Amendment etc. (EU Exit) Regulations 2019/1234, except that the common shares may be offered to the public in the United Kingdom at any time:

provided that no such offer of the securities shall require the Company or any underwriter to publish a prospectus pursuant to Section 85 of the FSMA or supplement a prospectus pursuant to Article 23 of the UK

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Prospectus Regulation. For the purposes of this provision, the expression an “offer to the public” in relation to the securities in the United Kingdom means the communication in any form and by any means of sufficient information on the terms of the offer and any securities to be offered so as to enable an investor to decide to purchase or subscribe for any securities and the expression “UK Prospectus Regulation” means Regulation (EU) 2017/1129 as it forms part of domestic law by virtue of the European Union (Withdrawal) Act 2018.

In addition, in the United Kingdom, this document is being distributed only to, and is directed only at, and any offer subsequently made may only be directed at persons who are “qualified investors” (as defined in the Prospectus Regulation) (i) who have professional experience in matters relating to investments falling within Article 19(5) of the Financial Services and Markets Act 2000 (Financial Promotion) Order 2005, as amended (the “Order”) and/or (ii) who are high net worth companies (or persons to whom it may otherwise be lawfully communicated) falling within Article 49(2)(a) to (d) of the Order (all such persons together being referred to as “relevant persons”) or otherwise in circumstances which have not resulted and will not result in an offer to the public of the securities in the United Kingdom within the meaning of the Financial Services and Markets Act 2000.

Any person in the United Kingdom that is not a relevant person should not act or rely on the information included in this document or use it as basis for taking any action. In the United Kingdom, any investment or investment activity that this document relates to may be made or taken exclusively by relevant persons.

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EXPENSES

The following are the estimated expenses of the issuance and distribution of the securities being registered under the registration statement of which this prospectus supplement forms a part, all of which will be paid by us.

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LEGAL MATTERS

The validity of the securities offered by this prospectus supplement will be passed upon for us by MJM Limited with respect to matters of Bermuda law and by Seward & Kissel LLP, New York, New York, with respect to matters of U.S. law. The underwriters are represented in connection with this offering by Skadden, Arps, Slate, Meagher & Flom LLP, New York, New York.

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EXPERTS

The consolidated financial statements of SFL Corporation Ltd. as of December 31, 2023 and for the year then ended, and the effectiveness of SFL Corporation Ltd.’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2023 appearing in SFL Corporation Ltd.’s Annual Report on Form 20-F for the year ended December 31, 2023, have been audited by Ernst & Young AS, independent registered public accounting firm, as set forth in their reports thereon, included therein, and incorporated herein by reference. Such consolidated financial statements are incorporated herein by reference in reliance upon such reports given on the authority of such firm as experts in accounting and auditing. The address of Ernst & Young AS is Stortorvet 7, 0155 Oslo, Norway.

The consolidated financial statements in this prospectus supplement for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021 and the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2022 and 2021 have been audited by MSPC Certified Public Accountants and Advisors, A Professional Corporation, an independent registered public accounting firm, as stated in their report, which is incorporated in this prospectus supplement by reference, and have been so incorporated in reliance upon the report of such firm given upon their authority as experts in accounting and auditing. The address of MSPC is 546 5^th Avenue, 6^th Floor, New York, New York 10036.

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WHERE YOU CAN FIND ADDITIONAL INFORMATION

As required by the Securities Act, we filed a registration statement relating to the securities offered by this prospectus supplement with the Commission. This prospectus supplement and the accompanying base prospectus are parts of that registration statement, which includes additional information.

Government Filings

We file annual and special reports with the Commission. The Commission maintains a website (http://www.sec.gov) that contains reports, proxy and information statements and other information regarding registrants that file electronically with the Commission. This prospectus supplement is part of a registration statement that we filed with the Commission and does not contain all of the information in the registration statement. The full registration statement may be obtained from the Commission or us, as indicated below. Forms of the documents establishing the terms of the offered securities are filed as exhibits to the registration statement. Statements in this prospectus supplement or the accompanying base prospectus about these documents are summaries and each statement is qualified in all respects by reference to the document to which it refers. You should refer to the actual documents for a more complete description of the relevant matters. You may inspect a copy of the registration statement through the Commission’s website.

Further information about our company is available on our website at www.sflcorp.com. The information on our website does not constitute a part of, as is not incorporated by reference into, this prospectus supplement.

Information Incorporated by Reference

The Commission allows us to “incorporate by reference” information that we file with it. This means that we can disclose important information to you by referring you to those filed documents. The information listed below filed by the Company is incorporated by reference and is considered to be a part of this prospectus supplement, and information that the Company files later with the Commission before all of the securities offered by this prospectus supplement are sold will also be considered to be part of this prospectus supplement and will automatically update and supersede previously filed information, including information contained in this document.

We incorporate by reference the documents listed below and any future filings made with the Commission under Section 13(a), 13(c) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934:

We are also incorporating by reference all subsequent annual reports on Form 20-F that we file with the Commission and current reports on Form 6-K that the Company furnishes to the Commission after the date of this prospectus supplement that state they are incorporated by reference into this prospectus supplement until we file a post-effective amendment indicating that the offering of the securities made by this prospectus supplement has been terminated. In all cases, you should rely on the later information over different information included in this prospectus supplement or the accompanying base prospectus.

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We have authorized only the information contained or incorporated by reference in this prospectus supplement and the accompanying base prospectus, and any free writing prospectus prepared by or on behalf of us or to which we have referred you. We have not, and the underwriters have not, authorized any other person to provide you with different information. We and the underwriters take no responsibility for, and can provide no assurance as to the reliability of, any information that others may give you. We are not, and the underwriters are not, making an offer to sell these securities in any jurisdiction where the offer or sale is not permitted. You should assume that the information appearing in this prospectus supplement as well as the information we previously filed with the Commission and incorporated by reference, is accurate as of the dates of those documents only. Our business, financial condition and results of operations and prospects may have changed since those dates.

We will provide without charge to each person to whom this prospectus supplement is delivered a copy of any or all of the foregoing documents, and any other documents that are incorporated herein by reference (other than exhibits, unless those exhibits are specifically incorporated by reference into those documents) upon written or oral request. Requests for those documents should be directed to our principal executive office at the following address:

SFL Corporation Ltd.

Par la Ville Place, 4th Floor

14 Par la Ville Road

Hamilton HM 08, Bermuda

Tel: 1 800-715-6374

Email: ir@sflcorp.com

Attn: Investor Relations

Information Provided by the Company

The Company will furnish holders of its common shares with annual reports containing audited financial statements and a report by its independent registered public accounting firm. The audited financial statements will be prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP. As a “foreign private issuer,” the Company is exempt from the rules under the Exchange Act prescribing the furnishing and content of proxy statements to shareholders. While the Company furnishes proxy statements to shareholders in accordance with the rules of the NYSE, those proxy statements do not conform to Schedule 14A of the proxy rules promulgated under the Exchange Act. In addition, as a “foreign private issuer,” the Company’s officers and directors are exempt from the rules under the Exchange Act relating to short swing profit reporting and liability.

Disclosure of Commission Position on Indemnification for Securities Act Liabilities

Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act may be permitted to directors, officers or persons controlling the registrant pursuant to the foregoing provisions, the registrant has been informed that in the opinion of the Commission such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and is, therefore, unenforceable.

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