Form 10-Q - Quarterly report [Sections 13 or 15(d)]

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

(Mark One)


☒			QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2024
OR
☐			TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934


			For the transition period from _______ to _______
			Commission File Number: 001-39497


			UNITY SOFTWARE INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)


Delaware		27-0334803
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)		(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
	30 3rd Street
	San Francisco, California 94103‑3104
	(Address, including zip code, of principal executive offices)
	(415) 638-9950
	(Registrant's telephone number, including area code)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class

Trading Symbol(s)

Name of each exchange on which registered

Common stock, $0.000005 par value

The New York Stock Exchange

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes x No o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S‑T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes x No o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non‑accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b‑2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer

☒

Accelerated filer

☐

Non‑accelerated filer

☐

Smaller reporting company

☐

Emerging growth company

☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.

☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b‑2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No x

As of May 1, 2024, there were 390,861,717 shares of the registrant's common stock outstanding.

UNITY SOFTWARE INC.

FORM 10‑Q

For the Quarter Ended March 31, 2024

TABLE OF CONTENTS


		Page
PART I—FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1.	Financial Statements (Unaudited)	1

	Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets	1

	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations	2

	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Loss	3

	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity	4

	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows	5

	Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements	6

Item 2.	Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	15

Item 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	25

Item 4.	Controls and Procedures	25

PART II—OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1.	Legal Proceedings	26

Item 1A.	Risk Factors	27

Item 2.	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	60

Item 3.	Defaults Upon Senior Securities	61

Item 4.	Mine Safety Disclosures	61

Item 5.	Other Information	61

Item 6.	Exhibits	62

SIGNATURES		63

NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS AND RISK FACTOR SUMMARY

This Quarterly Report on Form 10‑Q contains forward-looking statements about us and our industry that involve substantial risks and uncertainties. All statements other than statements of historical fact, including statements regarding our future results of operations or financial condition, business strategy and plans, and objectives of management for future operations are forward-looking statements. In some cases, you can identify forward-looking statements because they contain words such as "aim," "anticipate," "believe," "contemplate," "continue," "could," "estimate," "expect," "intend," "may," "plan," "potential," "predict," "project," "should," "target," "toward," "will," "would," or the negative of these words or other similar terms or expressions.

You should not rely on forward-looking statements as predictions of future events. We have based the forward-looking statements contained in this Quarterly Report on Form 10‑Q primarily on our current expectations and projections about future events and trends that we believe may affect our business, financial condition, and operating results. Readers are cautioned that these forward‑looking statements are only predictions and are subject to risks, uncertainties, and assumptions that are difficult to predict, including those identified and discussed in greater detail below, under "Part II, Item 1A. Risk Factors" and summarized below.

•We have a history of losses and may not achieve or sustain profitability on a GAAP basis in the future.

•If we fail to successfully execute our plans to reset our portfolio to focus on our Strategic Portfolio and to right-size our investments, our business will be harmed.

•If we are not able to grow efficiently and manage our costs, we may not achieve profitability on a GAAP basis.

•We may fail to realize the possible synergies between our Create and Grow Solutions, including the benefits of the ironSource Merger, or those synergies may take longer to realize than expected.

•If we are unable to retain our existing customers and expand their use of our platform, or attract new customers, our growth and operating results could be adversely affected, and we may be required to reconsider our growth strategy.

•The markets in which we participate are competitive, and if we do not compete effectively, our business, financial condition, and results of operations could be harmed. For example, in the third quarter of 2023 we announced changes to our pricing model for our Create Solutions, which will become effective for users of the next major release of the software expected to be available in 2024. We experienced a high volume of negative customer feedback including a boycott and a slowdown of signing new contracts and renewals as a result of these changes which we believe negatively impacted our Grow Solutions revenue in the second half of 2023. If we fail to recover or reengage our customers or fail to attract new customers as a result of this announcement, our business could be harmed.

•Operating system platform providers or application stores may change terms of service, policies or technical requirements applicable to us or our customers, which could adversely impact our business.

•If we are unable to further expand into new industries, or if our solutions for any new industry fail to achieve market acceptance, our growth and operating results could be adversely affected, and we may be required to reconsider our growth strategy.

•We are increasingly building artificial intelligence ("AI") into certain of our offerings, and issues raised by the use of AI in our offerings may adversely affect our business, reputation, or financial results.

•Recent negative macroeconomic factors, such as inflation, interest rates, and limited credit availability have and could further cause economic uncertainty and volatility, which could harm our business.

•Increased competition in the advertising market and ongoing restrictions related to the gaming industry in China have impacted our growth rates and may continue to do so.

•Ongoing geopolitical instability, particularly in Israel, where a significant portion of our Grow Solutions operations is located, has impacted and may further adversely affect our business.

•The loss of one or more members of our senior management or key employees could harm our business, and we may not be able to find adequate replacements. For example, in the second quarter of 2024, we announced the hiring of our permanent Chief Executive Officer and President, Matthew Bromberg. Our ability to successfully transition the Chief Executive Officer role and to retain Mr. Bromberg and other senior executives could impact our operations and our business.

The results, events, and circumstances reflected in the forward-looking statements may not be achieved or occur, and actual results, events, or circumstances could differ materially from those described in the forward-looking statements.

In addition, statements that "we believe" and similar statements reflect our beliefs and opinions on the relevant subject. These statements are based on information available to us as of the date of this Quarterly Report on Form 10‑Q. While we believe such information provides a reasonable basis for these statements, such information may be limited or incomplete. Our statements should not be read to indicate that we have conducted an exhaustive inquiry into, or review of, all relevant information. These statements are inherently uncertain, and investors are cautioned not to unduly rely on these statements.

The forward-looking statements made in this Quarterly Report on Form 10‑Q relate only to events as of the date on which the statements are made. We undertake no obligation to update any forward-looking statements to reflect events or circumstances after the date of this Quarterly Report on Form 10‑Q or to reflect new information, actual results, revised expectations, or the occurrence of unanticipated events, except as required by law. We may not actually achieve the plans, intentions, or expectations disclosed in our forward-looking statements, and you should not place undue reliance on our forward-looking statements. Our forward-looking statements do not reflect the potential impact of any future acquisitions, mergers, dispositions, joint ventures, or investments.

Additional Information

Unless the context otherwise requires, all references in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q to "we," "us," "our," "our company," "Unity," and "Unity Technologies" refer to Unity Software Inc. and its consolidated subsidiaries. The Unity design logos, "Unity" and our other registered or common law trademarks, service marks, or trade names appearing in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q are the property of Unity Software Inc. or its affiliates.

Investors and others should note that we may announce material business and financial information using our investor relations website (www.investors.unity.com), our filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission, press releases, public conference calls, and public webcasts as means of complying with our disclosure obligations under Regulation FD. We encourage investors and others interested in our company to review the information that we make available.


Table of Contents						Unity Software Inc.

PART I—FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. Financial Statements


UNITY SOFTWARE INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(In thousands, except per share data)
(Unaudited)

	As of
	March 31, 2024		December 31, 2023
Assets
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	1,179,962	$	1,590,325

Accounts receivable, net	621,184		611,723
Prepaid expenses and other	140,092		122,843

Total current assets	1,941,238		2,324,891
Property and equipment, net	122,783		140,887

Goodwill	3,166,304		3,166,304
Intangible assets, net	1,318,787		1,406,745

Other assets	204,151		204,614
Total assets	$	6,753,263	$	7,243,441
Liabilities and stockholders' equity
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable	$	18,862	$	14,517
Accrued expenses and other	302,207		307,704
Publisher payables	410,671		385,113

Deferred revenue	170,435		186,769


Total current liabilities	902,175		894,103
Convertible notes	2,236,415		2,711,750
Long-term deferred revenue	9,080		6,015

Other long-term liabilities	190,869		217,195
Total liabilities	3,338,539		3,829,063
Commitments and Contingencies (Note 7)
Redeemable noncontrolling interests	224,736		225,797
Stockholders' equity:


Common stock, $0.000005 par value:
Authorized shares - 1,000,000 and 1,000,000
Issued and outstanding shares - 390,397 and 384,872	2		2
Additional paid-in capital	6,554,787		6,259,479
Accumulated other comprehensive loss	(7,760)		(5,009)
Accumulated deficit	(3,362,904)		(3,071,830)

Total Unity Software Inc. stockholders' equity	3,184,125		3,182,642
Noncontrolling interest	5,863		5,939
Total stockholders' equity	3,189,988		3,188,581
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity	$	6,753,263	$	7,243,441

See accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.


Table of Contents						Unity Software Inc.


UNITY SOFTWARE INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(In thousands, except per share data)
(Unaudited)

	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2024		2023
Revenue	$	460,380	$	500,361
Cost of revenue	144,387		161,964
Gross profit	315,993		338,397
Operating expenses
Research and development	282,728		280,480
Sales and marketing	230,625		216,127
General and administrative	177,569		96,774
Total operating expenses	690,922		593,381
Loss from operations	(374,929)		(254,984)
Interest expense	(6,035)		(6,129)
Interest income and other income (expense), net	76,643		13,615
Loss before income taxes	(304,321)		(247,498)
Provision for (benefit from) Income taxes	(12,843)		6,205
Net loss	(291,478)		(253,703)
Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interest and redeemable noncontrolling interests	(404)		(672)


Net loss attributable to Unity Software Inc.	$	(291,074)	$	(253,031)

Basic and diluted net loss per share attributable to Unity Software Inc.	$	(0.75)	$	(0.67)
Weighted-average shares used in computation of basic and diluted net loss per share	387,151		375,909

See accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.


Table of Contents						Unity Software Inc.


UNITY SOFTWARE INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE LOSS
(In thousands)
(Unaudited)

	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2024		2023
Net loss	$	(291,478)	$	(253,703)
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of taxes:
Change in foreign currency translation adjustment	(3,461)		3,157

Change in unrealized gains (losses) on derivative instruments	—		(327)
Other comprehensive income (loss)	(3,461)		2,830
Comprehensive loss	(294,939)		(250,873)
Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interest and redeemable noncontrolling interests	(404)		(672)
Foreign currency translation attributable to noncontrolling interest and redeemable noncontrolling interests	(710)		649
Comprehensive loss attributable to noncontrolling interest and redeemable noncontrolling interests	(1,114)		(23)
Comprehensive loss attributable to Unity Software Inc.	$	(293,825)	$	(250,850)

See accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.


Table of Contents						Unity Software Inc.


UNITY SOFTWARE INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
(In thousands, except share data)
(Unaudited)

		Three Months Ended March 31, 2024
							Accumulated
					Additional		Other					Unity Software Inc.
	Common Stock		Paid-In		Comprehensive		Accumulated				Stockholders'	Noncontrolling		Total
		Shares	Amount		Capital		Loss		Deficit			Equity		Interest (1)		Equity
Balance at December 31, 2023		384,871,561	$	2	$	6,259,479	$	(5,009)	$	(3,071,830)		$	3,182,642	$	5,939	$	3,188,581


Issuance of common stock from employee equity plans		2,511,920	—		25,997		—		—			25,997		—		25,997
Issuance of common stock for settlement of RSUs		3,013,449	—		—		—		—			—		—		—


Stock‑based compensation expense		—	—		269,288		—		—			269,288		—		269,288

Net loss		—	—		—		—		(291,074)			(291,074)		(28)		(291,102)
Adjustments to redeemable noncontrolling interest		—	—		23		—		—			23		—		23
Other comprehensive loss		—	—		—		(2,751)		—			(2,751)		(48)		(2,799)
Balance at March 31, 2024		390,396,930	$	2	$	6,554,787	$	(7,760)	$	(3,362,904)		$	3,184,125	$	5,863	$	3,189,988

		Three Months Ended March 31, 2023
							Accumulated
					Additional		Other					Unity Software Inc.
	Common Stock		Paid-In		Comprehensive		Accumulated				Stockholders'	Noncontrolling		Total
		Shares	Amount		Capital		Loss		Deficit			Equity		Interest (1)		Equity
Balance at December 31, 2022		374,243,196	$	2	$	5,779,776	$	(1,691)	$	(2,249,819)		$	3,528,268	$	6,298	$	3,534,566


Issuance of common stock from employee equity plans		1,475,761	—		21,971		—		—			21,971		—		21,971
Issuance of common stock for settlement of RSUs		2,654,728	—		—		—		—			—		—		—


Stock‑based compensation expense		—	—		166,445		—		—			166,445		—		166,445

Net loss		—	—		—		—		(253,031)			(253,031)		(46)		(253,077)
Adjustments to redeemable noncontrolling interest		—	—		(5,834)		—		—			(5,834)		—		(5,834)
Other comprehensive loss		—	—		—		2,181		—			2,181		44		2,225
Balance at March 31, 2023		378,373,685	$	2	$	5,962,358	$	490	$	(2,502,850)		$	3,460,000	$	6,296	$	3,466,296

(1) Excludes redeemable noncontrolling interests.

See accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.


Table of Contents						Unity Software Inc.


UNITY SOFTWARE INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(In thousands)
(Unaudited)

	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2024		2023
Operating activities
Net loss	$	(291,478)	$	(253,703)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization	101,810		109,560

Stock-based compensation expense	265,877		163,028

Gain on repayment of convertible note	(61,371)		—
Other	16,516		379
Changes in assets and liabilities, net of effects of acquisitions:
Accounts receivable, net	(9,740)		21,013
Prepaid expenses and other	(16,779)		7,589



Other assets	(2,399)		11,169
Accounts payable	5,273		7,450
Accrued expenses and other	(4,269)		(7,305)
Publisher payables	25,558		(27,756)


Other long-term liabilities	(23,584)		(18,302)
Deferred revenue	(12,787)		(18,221)
Net cash used in operating activities	(7,373)		(5,099)
Investing activities
Purchases of short-term investments	—		(212)
Proceeds from principal repayments and maturities of short-term investments	—		102,673


Purchases of property and equipment	(7,190)		(14,350)


Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities	(7,190)		88,111
Financing activities










Repayments of convertible note	(414,999)		—

Proceeds from issuance of common stock from employee equity plans	25,998		21,971

Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities	(389,001)		21,971
Effect of foreign exchange rate changes on cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash	(6,202)		3,151
Increase (decrease) in cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash	(409,766)		108,134
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash, beginning of period	1,604,267		1,505,688
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash, end of period	$	1,194,501	$	1,613,822

Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information:

Cash paid for income taxes, net of refunds	$	11,041	$	3,751
Cash paid for operating leases	$	13,540	$	10,181
Supplemental disclosures of non‑cash investing and financing activities:

Assets acquired under operating lease	$	9,273	$	24,528

See accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.


Table of Contents						Unity Software Inc.

UNITY SOFTWARE INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

1. Accounting Policies

Basis of Presentation and Consolidation

We prepared the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements in accordance with United States ("U.S.") generally accepted accounting principles ("GAAP") and applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC") for interim financial reporting. The condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Unity Software Inc., its wholly owned subsidiaries, and entities consolidated under the voting interest model. We have eliminated all intercompany balances and transactions. Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in the financial statements prepared in accordance with GAAP have been condensed or omitted pursuant to such rules and regulations. In our opinion, all adjustments, which include normal recurring adjustments necessary for a fair presentation, have been included. The results of operations for the periods presented are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the full year or other periods. The unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and notes included in our 2023 Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make certain estimates, judgments, and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements, as well as the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates, and such differences could be material to our financial position and results of operations.

Employee Separation and Restructuring Costs

In January 2024, we committed to a plan to eliminate approximately 25% of our workforce, and we mutually agreed to the departure of the founders of ironSource Ltd. Following these announcements, we incurred incremental employee separation costs of approximately $193 million in the first quarter of 2024, which included $126 million of incremental stock-based compensation. Additionally we incurred $19 million of restructuring costs, primarily related to office closures.

2. Revenue

The following table presents our revenue disaggregated by source, which also have similar economic characteristics (in thousands):


	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2024		2023
Create Solutions	$	163,670	$	187,369
Grow Solutions	296,710		312,992
Total revenue	$	460,380	$	500,361


Table of Contents						Unity Software Inc.

The following table presents our revenue disaggregated by geography, based on the invoice address of our customers (in thousands):


	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2024		2023
United States	$	139,119	$	132,994
Greater China (1)	59,690		59,548
EMEA (2)	166,770		186,724
APAC (3)	84,036		107,528
Other Americas (4)	10,765		13,567
Total revenue	$	460,380	$	500,361

(1) Greater China includes China, Hong Kong, and Taiwan.

(2) Europe, the Middle East, and Africa ("EMEA")

(3) Asia-Pacific, excluding Greater China ("APAC")

(4) Canada and Latin America ("Other Americas")

Accounts Receivable, Net

Accounts receivable are recorded at the original invoiced amount, net of allowances for uncollectible amounts. We estimate losses on uncollectible amounts based on expected losses, including our historical experience of actual losses. The estimated losses on uncollectible amounts are recorded in general and administrative expense on our condensed consolidated statement of operations. As of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the allowance for uncollectible amounts was $16.6 million and $16.9 million, respectively. For the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, the provision for uncollectible amounts was $1.8 million and $2.9 million.

Sales Commissions

Sales commissions that have a benefit beyond one year are capitalized and amortized on a straight-line method over the expected period of benefit, which is generally three years. As of March 31, 2024, capitalized commissions, net of amortization, included in prepaid expenses and other and other assets were $6.4 million and $4.9 million, respectively. During the three months ended March 31, 2024, we recorded amortization costs of $2.4 million in sales and marketing expenses, as compared to $2.5 million during the three months ended March 31, 2023, respectively.

Contract Balances and Remaining Performance Obligations

Contract assets (unbilled receivables), primarily included in accounts receivable, net, are recorded when revenue is earned in advance of customer billing schedules. Unbilled receivables totaled $20.1 million and $31.3 million as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively. Of this total as of March 31, 2024, $6.0 million was included in Other Long-Term Assets on our consolidated balance sheets.

Contract liabilities (deferred revenue) relate to payments received in advance of performance under the contract. Revenue recognized during the three months ended March 31, 2024 that was included in the deferred revenue balances at January 1, 2024 was $76.3 million.

Additionally, we have performance obligations associated with commitments in customer contracts to perform in the future that had not yet been recognized in our consolidated financial statements. For contracts with original terms that exceed one year, those commitments not yet recognized as of March 31, 2024, were $357 million and relate primarily to Create Solutions subscriptions, Enterprise Support, and Strategic Partnerships. These commitments generally extend over the next one to five years and we expect to recognize approximately $205 million or 57% of this revenue during the next 12 months.


Table of Contents						Unity Software Inc.

3. Financial Instruments

Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash

Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash are recorded at fair value. Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. To increase the comparability of fair value measures, the following hierarchy prioritizes the inputs to valuation methodologies used to measure fair value:

•Level 1—Valuations based on quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

•Level 2—Valuations based on quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets or inputs that are observable for the assets or liabilities, either directly or indirectly through market corroboration.

•Level 3—Valuations based on unobservable inputs reflecting our own assumptions used to measure assets and liabilities at fair value. These valuations require significant judgment.

The following table summarizes, by major security type, our cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis and are categorized using the fair value hierarchy (in thousands):


	March 31, 2024		December 31, 2023
	Fair Value (1)
Cash	$	888,092	$	834,877
Level 1:
Restricted cash and cash equivalents:
Restricted cash	$	14,539	$	13,942
Money market funds	92,762		502,754
Time deposits	199,108		252,694


Total restricted cash and cash equivalents	$	306,409	$	769,390









Total cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash	$	1,194,501	$	1,604,267

(1) Due to the highly liquid nature of our investments, amortized cost approximates fair value.

Nonrecurring Fair Value Measurements

We hold equity investments in certain unconsolidated entities without a readily determinable fair value. These strategic investments represent less than a 20% ownership interest in each of the entities, and we do not have significant influence over or control of the entities. We use the measurement alternative to account for adjustments to these investments for observable transactions for the same or similar investments of the same issuer in any given quarter. If we determine an impairment has occurred, the investment is written down to the estimated fair value. As of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, such equity investments totaled $33.6 million. No adjustments to the carrying value of these equity investments were recorded for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023.

4. Investment in Unity China

The results of Unity China, of which third-party investors hold a 20.5% ownership interest, are included in our condensed consolidated financial statements. Under certain conditions we may be required to repurchase the third-party interest in Unity China. The redeemable noncontrolling interests in Unity China are recorded as temporary equity on our condensed consolidated balance sheet.


Table of Contents						Unity Software Inc.

The following table presents the changes in redeemable noncontrolling interests (in thousands):


	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2024		2023
Balance at beginning of period	$	225,797	$	219,563

Net loss attributable to redeemable noncontrolling interests	(376)		(626)
Accretion for redeemable noncontrolling interests	3,075		2,698
Foreign currency translation and foreign exchange adjustments for redeemable noncontrolling interests	(3,760)		3,741
Balance at end of period	$	224,736	$	225,376

5. Leases

We have operating leases for offices, which have remaining lease terms of up to nine years.

Components of lease expense were as follows (in thousands):


	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2024		2023
Operating lease expense	$	10,253	$	9,393

Variable lease expense	1,721		1,278
Sublease income	(244)		(384)
Total lease expense	$	11,730	$	10,287

Supplemental balance sheet information related to leases was as follows (in thousands, except weighted-average figures):


		As of
	Classification	March 31, 2024		December 31, 2023
Operating lease assets	Other assets	$	104,599	$	113,256

Current operating lease liabilities	Accrued expenses and other	$	37,566	$	39,132
Long-term operating lease liabilities	Other long-term liabilities	98,521		111,669
Total operating lease liabilities		$	136,087	$	150,801

As of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, our operating leases had a weighted-average remaining lease term of 5.0 years and 5.1 years, respectively, and a weighted-average discount rate of 5.2% and 5.2%, respectively.

As of March 31, 2024, our lease liabilities were as follows (in thousands):


	Operating Leases
Gross lease liabilities	$	154,385
Less: imputed interest	18,298
Present value of lease liabilities	$	136,087

6. Borrowings

Convertible Notes

As of March 31, 2024, we had $2.2 billion of unsecured convertible notes outstanding including $1.0 billion issued in November 2022 (the "2027 Notes") and $1.2 billion issued in November 2021 (the "2026 Notes"). The table below summarizes the principal and unamortized debt issuance costs and other material features of the Notes (in thousands):


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						Carrying Amount as of
	Conversion Rate per $1,000 Principal	Conversion Price		Maturities	Stated Interest Rates	March 31, 2024		December 31, 2023
Convertible notes:
Principal – 2026 Notes	3.2392	$	308.72	2026	0.0%	$	1,245,232	$	1,725,000
Principal – 2027 Notes	20.4526	$	48.89	2027	2.0%	1,000,000		1,000,000
Unamortized debt issuance costs, net						(8,817)		(13,250)
Net carrying amount						$	2,236,415	$	2,711,750

Interest on the Notes is payable semi-annually in arrears. The combined interest expense on the Notes related to regular interest and the amortization of debt issuance cost was $6.0 million and $6.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and March 31, 2023, respectively.

As of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the estimated fair value of the 2027 Notes were approximately $1.1 billion and 1.3 billion, respectively, and the estimated fair value of the 2026 Notes were approximately $1.1 billion and 1.4 billion, respectively. The fair value of the 2027 Notes was based on a combination of a discounted cash flow and Black-Scholes option-pricing model. The fair value of the 2026 Notes was based on quoted prices as of that date.

The 2026 Notes are convertible at the option of the holder if a conversion condition of the 2026 Notes is triggered. During the three months ended March 31, 2024, none of the conversion conditions of the 2026 Notes were triggered and the 2026 Notes were not convertible as of March 31, 2024. The 2027 Notes are convertible at the option of the holder prior to maturity. Upon conversion of the Notes, we will deliver cash, shares of our common stock, or a combination of cash and shares of our common stock,at our election. The conversion rates for the Notes is subject to customary adjustments for certain events as described in the indentures governing the Notes.

The Notes are subject to additional terms. In connection with certain corporate events, as described in the Indentures, we will increase the conversion rate for a holder of the Notes who elects to convert those notes in connection with the event. Additionally, upon the occurrence of certain corporate events and subject to certain exceptions, as described in the Indentures, holders of the Notes may require us to repurchase all or a portion of their notes at a price equal to 100% of the principal amount to be repurchased, plus any accrued and unpaid interest to date. The 2026 Notes are also redeemable at our option if certain conditions are met, as described in the Indenture governing the 2026 Notes.

As of March 31, 2024, no holders of the 2027 and 2026 Notes have exercised the conversion rights, and the if-converted value of the 2027 and 2026 Notes did not exceed the principal amount.

Convertible Note Repurchase

During the first quarter of 2024, the Company repurchased in privately negotiated transactions and extinguished a portion of the 2026 Notes, with a total principal balance of $480 million. The aggregate repurchase price for these notes was $415 million, resulting in pre-tax gains of $61.4 million, net of the write-off of unamortized issuance costs. The gain was included in Interest income and other income (expense), net, in the condensed consolidated statement of operations.

Capped Call Transactions

In connection with the pricing of the 2026 Notes, we entered into the Capped Call Transactions at a net cost of $48.1 million, with call options totaling approximately 5.6 million of our common shares, and with expiration dates ranging from September 18, 2026 to November 12, 2026. The strike price is $308.72, and the cap price is initially $343.02 per share, subject to adjustments in certain circumstances. The Capped Call Transactions are freestanding and are considered separately exercisable from the 2026 Notes.


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The Capped Call Transactions are intended to reduce potential dilution to our common stock upon any conversion of the 2026 Notes and/or offset any cash payments we are required to make in excess of the principal amount of converted 2026 Notes, as the case may be, with such reduction and/or offset subject to a cap. As of March 31, 2024, the Capped Call Transactions met the conditions for equity classification and were not in the money.

7. Commitments and Contingencies

The following table summarizes our non-cancelable contractual commitments as of March 31, 2024 (in thousands):


	Total		Remainder of 2024		2025‑2026		2027‑2028		Thereafter
Operating leases (1)	$	154,385	$	32,892	$	60,279	$	36,591	$	24,623
Purchase commitments (2)	643,505		180,782		433,298		29,425		—
Convertible note principal and interest (3)	2,325,232		20,000		1,285,232		1,020,000		—
Total	$	3,123,122	$	233,674	$	1,778,809	$	1,086,016	$	24,623

(1) Operating leases consist of obligations for real estate that are active.

(2) The substantial majority of our purchase commitments are related to agreements with our data center hosting providers.

(3) Convertible notes due 2026 and 2027. See Note 6, "Borrowings," above for further discussion.

We expect to meet our remaining commitments.

Legal Matters

In the normal course of business, we are subject to various legal matters. We accrue a liability when management believes that it is both probable that a liability has been incurred and the amount of loss can be reasonably estimated. We also disclose material contingencies when we believe a loss is not probable but reasonably possible. Legal costs related to such potential losses are expensed as incurred. In addition, recoveries are shown as a reduction in legal costs in the period in which they are realized. With respect to our outstanding matters, based on our current knowledge, we believe that the resolution of such matters will not, either individually or in aggregate, have a material adverse effect on our business or our condensed consolidated financial statements. However, litigation is inherently uncertain, and the outcome of these matters cannot be predicted with certainty. Accordingly, cash flows or results of operations could be materially affected in any particular period by the resolution of one or more of these matters.

Indemnifications

In the ordinary course of business, we may provide indemnifications of varying scope and terms to customers, vendors, lessors, investors, directors, officers, employees and other parties with respect to certain matters. Indemnification may include losses from our breach of such agreements, services we provide, or third-party intellectual property infringement claims. These indemnifications may survive termination of the underlying agreement and the maximum potential amount of future indemnification payments may not be subject to a cap. As of March 31, 2024, there were no known events or circumstances that have resulted in a material indemnification liability to us and we did not incur material costs to defend lawsuits or settle claims related to these indemnifications.

Letters of Credit

We had $14.5 million and $13.9 million of secured letters of credit outstanding as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively. These primarily relate to our office space leases and are fully collateralized by certificates of deposit which we record in restricted cash as other assets on our condensed consolidated balance sheets.


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8. Stock‑Based Compensation

Stock-based compensation expense is as follows (in thousands):


	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2024		2023
Cost of revenue	$	16,806	$	18,849
Research and development	87,738		76,483
Sales and marketing	63,971		35,517
General and administrative	97,362		32,179
Total stock-based compensation expense	$	265,877	$	163,028

Included in the above expenses for the three months ended March 31, 2024, is $93 million of incremental stock-based compensation expense from modifications, primarily within general and administrative. These amounts predominately relate to the modification of awards held by the founders of ironSource Ltd. that departed in the first quarter of 2024.

Stock Options

A summary of our stock option activity is as follows:


	Options Outstanding
	Stock Options Outstanding	Weighted-Average Exercise Price		Weighted-Average Remaining Contractual Term (In Years)
Balance as of December 31, 2023	31,541,466	$	19.35	4.79
Granted	86,854	$	26.89
Exercised	(1,960,774)	$	6.25
Forfeited, cancelled, or expired	(175,140)	$	82.32
Balance as of March 31, 2024	29,492,406	$	19.86	3.77

The calculated grant-date fair value of stock options granted was estimated using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model with the following assumptions:


	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2024	2023
Expected dividend yield	—	—
Risk-free interest rate	4.1%	4.2%
Expected volatility	66.4%	54.7%
Expected term (in years)	6.25	6.25
Fair value of underlying common stock	$26.89	$29.33


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Restricted Stock Units

A summary of our restricted stock unit ("RSU"), including price-vested unit ("PVU"), activity is as follows:


	Unvested RSUs
	Number of Shares	Weighted-Average Grant-Date Fair Value
Unvested as of December 31, 2023	37,332,551	$	38.31
Granted	1,570,357	$	30.14
Vested	(3,017,254)	$	45.83
Forfeited	(3,409,225)	$	42.68
Unvested as of March 31, 2024	32,476,429	$	36.76

Price-Vested Units

In October 2022, we granted to certain of our executive officers a total of 989,880 PVUs, which are RSUs for which vesting is subject to the fulfillment of both a service period that extends up to four years and the achievement of a stock price hurdle during the relevant performance period that extends up to seven years. The fair value of each PVU award is estimated using a Monte Carlo simulation that uses assumptions determined on the date of grant. During the three months ended March 31, 2024, the service period condition and stock price hurdle were not met.

Employee Stock Purchase Plan

The fair value of shares offered under our Employee Stock Purchase Plan ("ESPP") was determined on the grant date using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. The following table summarizes the assumptions used and the resulting grant-date fair values of our ESPP:


	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2024	2023
Expected dividend yield	—	—
Risk-free interest rate	5.3%	5.2%
Expected volatility	56.0%	94.5%
Expected term (in years)	0.50	0.50
Grant-date fair value per share	$9.11	$12.44

Additional information related to the ESPP is provided below (in thousands, except per share amounts):


	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2024	2023
Shares issued under the ESPP	551,146	532,643
Weighted-average price per share issued	$24.92	$25.87

9. Income Taxes

Our tax provision for interim periods is determined using an estimated annual effective tax rate, adjusted for discrete items arising in that quarter. In each quarter, we update the estimated annual effective tax rate and make a year-to-date adjustment to the provision. The estimated annual effective tax rate is subject to volatility due to several factors, including variability in accurately predicting our pre-tax income or loss and the mix of jurisdictions to which they relate, intercompany transactions, changes in how we do business, and tax law developments.


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Our effective tax rate for the three months ended March 31, 2024 differs from the U.S. federal statutory tax rate of 21% primarily due to the need to record a valuation allowance on U.S. losses, a tax benefit on foreign losses in connection with employee separation costs, and to a lesser extent tax expense on foreign earnings taxed at different rates. In addition, during the first quarter of 2024, we continued to restructure our tax operations which resulted in a reduction to our U.S. valuation allowance. Our effective tax rate for the three months ended March 31, 2023 differed from the U.S. federal statutory tax rate of 21% primarily due to the need to record a valuation allowance in the U.S. on losses and to a lesser extent, tax expense on foreign earnings taxed at different rates. In addition, the Company undertook certain tax restructuring efforts during the period that enhanced our ability to offset deferred tax liabilities in the U.S. in future periods, thereby partially reducing the need for a valuation allowance.

The realization of deferred tax assets is dependent upon the generation of sufficient taxable income of the appropriate character in future periods. We regularly assess the ability to realize our deferred tax assets and establish a valuation allowance if it is more-likely-than-not that some portion of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. In performing this assessment with respect to each jurisdiction, we review all available positive and negative evidence. Primarily due to our history of losses, we believe that it is more likely than not that the deferred tax assets of our U.S. federal, certain U.S. states, Denmark, U.K., and other non-U.S. jurisdictions will not be realized and we have maintained a full valuation allowance against such deferred tax assets.

As of March 31, 2024, we had $184.3 million of gross unrecognized tax benefits, of which $29.7 million would impact the effective tax rate, if recognized. It is reasonably possible that the amount of unrecognized tax benefits as of March 31, 2024 could increase or decrease significantly as the timing of the resolution, settlement, and closure of audits is highly uncertain. We believe that we have adequately provided for any reasonably foreseeable outcome related to our tax audits and that any settlement will not have a material impact on our financial condition and operating results at this time.

10. Net Loss per Share of Common Stock

Basic and diluted net loss per share is the same for all periods presented because the effects of potentially dilutive items were antidilutive given our net loss in each period.

The following table presents potentially dilutive common stock excluded from the computation of diluted net loss per share (in thousands) because the impact of including them would have been antidilutive:


	As of March 31,
		2024	2023

Convertible notes		24,488	26,042
Stock options		29,492	34,461
Unvested RSUs and PVUs		32,476	36,079


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Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Please read the following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations together with our condensed consolidated financial statements and related notes included under Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. The following discussion and analysis contains forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties. Forward-looking statements are statements that attempt to forecast or anticipate future developments in our business, financial condition, or results of operations. When reviewing the discussion below, you should keep in mind the substantial risks and uncertainties that could impact our business. In particular, we encourage you to review the risks and uncertainties described in "Part II, Item 1A. Risk Factors" included elsewhere in this report. These risks and uncertainties could cause actual results to differ materially from those projected in forward-looking statements contained in this report or implied by past results and trends. Forward-looking statements, like all statements in this report, speak only as of their date (unless another date is indicated), and we undertake no obligation to update or revise these statements in light of future developments. See the section titled "Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements and Risk Factor Summary" in this report.

Overview

Unity is the world's leading platform for creating and growing interactive, real-time 3D ("RT3D") content and experiences. Our comprehensive set of software, including AI solutions, supports creators through the entire development lifecycle as they build, run, and grow immersive, real-time 2D and 3D content for mobile phones, tablets, PCs, consoles, and augmented and virtual reality devices.

Our platform consists of two complementary sets of solutions: Create Solutions and Grow Solutions, which together comprise our strategic portfolio surrounding the Unity Engine, Cloud and Monetization.

Impact of Macroeconomic Trends and Geopolitical Events

Recent negative macroeconomic factors, such as inflation, high interest rates, and limited credit availability have and could further cause economic uncertainty and volatility, which could harm our business. Further, increased competition in the advertising market and ongoing restrictions related to the gaming industry in China have impacted our growth rates and may continue to do so. Ongoing geopolitical instability, particularly in Israel, where a significant portion of our Grow Solutions operations is located, may adversely affect our business.

Recent Developments in Our Business

Starting in the fourth quarter of 2023, we began to reset our product and service offerings to focus on our core businesses, which we refer to as our "Strategic Portfolio": the Unity Engine, Cloud, and Monetization, while narrowing our investments in new businesses to those most attractive, mainly industries beyond gaming. We also exited businesses where we do not believe that we can provide unique value to customers or generate a sound return to investors. Specifically, we have limited our Professional Services business to a few selected strategic engagements, we will shift our multiplayer business to orchestration and managed solutions, and we will stop the independent development of professional artistry tools, which we will instead integrate into the Unity Editor and AI tools. In the first quarter of 2024, we recognized approximately $34 million of revenue associated with these non-strategic portfolios and we expect that these amounts will decline throughout the remainder of 2024.

In the first quarter of 2024, we substantially completed reductions to our workforce and our office footprint. This resulted in approximately $193 million in employee separation costs, primarily related to the acceleration and modifications of equity awards, and $19 million of non-employee charges associated with these reductions.

In the second quarter of 2024, we announced the hiring of our permanent Chief Executive Officer and President, Matthew Bromberg. Our ability to successfully transition the Chief Executive Officer role and to retain Mr. Bromberg and other senior executives could impact our operations and our business.


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Our ability to execute on these plans or execute them in a timely manner is critical to our success, and their timing and full impact on our future results of operations, cash flows, or financial condition are uncertain.

For additional details, refer to the section titled "Risk Factors."

Key Metrics

As further discussed in Item 2 of Part I, "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations" in our Annual Report on Form 10-K, we monitor the following key metrics to help us evaluate the health of our business, identify trends affecting our growth, formulate goals and objectives, and make strategic decisions. We have revised and restated these metrics to include inputs from our Strategic Portfolio only.

Customers Contributing More Than $100,000 of Revenue

We had 1,243 and 1,214 customers contributing more than $100,000 of revenue in the trailing 12 months as of March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. The year over year increase was largely a result of our core subscriptions growth. While these customers represented the substantial majority of revenue for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively, no one customer accounted for more than 10% of our revenue for either period.

Dollar-Based Net Expansion Rate

Our ability to drive growth and generate incremental revenue depends, in part, on our ability to maintain and grow our relationships with our Create and Grow Solutions customers and to increase their use of our platform. We track our performance by measuring our dollar-based net expansion rate, which compares our Create and Grow Solutions revenue, excluding Strategic Partnerships and Supersonic, from the same set of customers across comparable periods, calculated on a trailing 12-month basis.


	As of
	March 31, 2024		March 31, 2023
Dollar-based net expansion rate	101	%	102	%

Our dollar-based net expansion rate as of March 31, 2024 and 2023, was driven primarily by the sales of additional subscriptions and services to our existing Create Solutions customers and cross-selling our solutions to all of our customers. The decrease in dollar-based net expansion rate, compared to the comparable prior year period, is primarily attributable to Grow Solutions, due to increased competition in the advertising market.


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The chart below illustrates that our dollar-based net expansion rate has been declining over the last year with a slight rebound in the fourth quarter of 2022 due to the ironSource Merger.

Results of Operations

The following table summarizes our historical consolidated statements of operations data for the periods indicated (in thousands):


	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2024		2023
Revenue	$	460,380	$	500,361
Cost of revenue	144,387		161,964
Gross profit	315,993		338,397
Operating expenses
Research and development	282,728		280,480
Sales and marketing	230,625		216,127
General and administrative	177,569		96,774
Total operating expenses	690,922		593,381
Loss from operations	(374,929)		(254,984)
Interest expense	(6,035)		(6,129)
Interest income and other income (expense), net	76,643		13,615
Loss before income taxes	(304,321)		(247,498)
Provision for (benefit from) Income taxes	(12,843)		6,205
Net loss	(291,478)		(253,703)


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The following table sets forth the components of our condensed consolidated statements of operations data as a percentage of revenue for the periods indicated:


	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2024		2023
Revenue	100	%	100	%
Cost of revenue	31		32
Gross profit	69		68
Operating expenses
Research and development	61		56
Sales and marketing	50		43
General and administrative	39		19
Total operating expenses	150		118
Loss from operations	(81)		(51)
Interest expense	(1)		(1)
Interest income and other income (expense), net	16		3
Loss before income taxes	(66)		(49)
Provision for (benefit from) Income taxes	(3)		1
Net loss	(63)	%	(50)	%

Revenue

Create Solutions

We generate Create Solutions revenue primarily through our suite of Create Solutions subscriptions inclusive of enterprise support, cloud and hosting services, and professional services. Our subscriptions provide customers access to technologies that allow them to edit, run, and iterate interactive, RT3D and 2D experiences that can be created once and deployed to a variety of platforms. Enhanced support services are provided to our enterprise customers and are sold separately from the Create Solutions subscriptions. Cloud and hosting services are provided to our customers to simplify and enhance the way our users access and harness our solutions. Professional services are provided to our customers and include consulting, platform integration, training, and custom application and workflow development.

Grow Solutions

We generate Grow Solutions revenue primarily through our monetization solutions and game publishing services. Our monetization solutions allow publishers, original equipment manufacturers, and mobile carriers to sell available advertising inventory on their mobile applications or hardware devices to advertisers for in-application or on-device placements. Our revenue represents the amount we retain from the transaction we are facilitating through our Unified Auction and mediation platform. Our game publishing services provide game developers with the infrastructure and expertise to launch their mobile games and manage their growth; this is achieved through marketability testing tools, live games management tools and game design support, and optimizing the implementation of the customer’s commercial model. Through these game publishing services, we generate revenue from in-app advertising in published games and in some cases, in app purchase revenue.


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Our total revenue is summarized as follows (in thousands):


	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2024		2023
Create Solutions	$	163,670	$	187,369
Grow Solutions	296,710		312,992
Total revenue	$	460,380	$	500,361

Total revenue decreased in the three months ended March 31, 2024, compared to the comparable prior year period, primarily due to a decrease in Create Solutions revenue, driven by the termination of the subscription agreement with Wētā FX Limited, and by a decrease in cloud and hosting services revenue from reduced usage of those offerings, partially offset by increases in core subscription revenue, which excludes Wētā. The decrease in total revenue was further driven by a decrease in Grow Solutions revenue, which was negatively impacted by increased competition.

Cost of Revenue, Gross Profit, and Gross Margin

Cost of revenue consists primarily of personnel costs (including salaries, benefits, and stock-based compensation) for employees and subcontractors associated with our product support and professional services organizations, hosting expenses, the amortization of intangible assets, and depreciation of related property and equipment.

Gross profit, or revenue less cost of revenue, has been and will continue to be affected by various factors, including our product mix, the costs associated with third-party hosting services and the extent to which we expand and drive efficiencies in our hosting costs, professional services, and customer support organizations. We expect our gross profit to increase in absolute dollars in the long term but decrease in the short term as a result of the reset of our product portfolio to focus on the Unity Engine and Monetization solutions. We expect our gross profit as a percentage of revenue, or gross margin, to fluctuate from period to period.

Cost of revenue for the three months ended March 31, 2024 decreased, compared to the comparable prior year period, primarily due to a decrease of approximately $7 million in amortization expenses related to the Wētā FX Limited contract that was terminated in 2023, and a decrease in our hosting and professional service expenses in connection with our portfolio reset. Personnel costs were comparable period over period inclusive of employee separation costs in the first quarter of 2024.

Operating Expenses

Our operating expenses consist of research and development, sales and marketing, and general and administrative expenses. The most significant component of our operating expenses is personnel-related costs, including salaries and wages, sales commissions, bonuses, benefits, stock-based compensation, and payroll taxes. In January 2024, we committed to a plan to eliminate approximately 25% of our workforce, and we mutually agreed to the departure of the founders of ironSource Ltd. Following these announcements, we incurred incremental employee separation costs of approximately $193 million in the first quarter of 2024, largely driven by the modification of equity awards, including $15 million within cost of revenue, $43 million within research and development expense, $47 million within sales and marketing expense, and $88 million within general and administrative expense. These personnel-related costs were the main driver of the increase in expenses period over period. In addition, we incurred $19 million of non-employee charges associated with this restructuring.

Research and Development

Research and development expenses primarily consist of personnel-related costs for the design and development of our platform, IT hosting and SaaS expenses, and amortization expenses related to intangible assets. We expect our research and development expenses to increase in absolute dollars in the long term, as we expand our teams to develop new solutions, expand features and functionality with existing solutions, and enter new markets, but decrease in the short term as a result of the reset of our


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Strategic Portfolio. We expect research and development expenses to fluctuate as a percentage of revenue from period to period.

Research and development expense for the three months ended March 31, 2024 increased, compared to the comparable prior year period, primarily due to personnel costs which were comparable period over period inclusive of employee separation costs in the first quarter of 2024.

Sales and Marketing

Our sales and marketing expenses consist primarily of personnel-related costs, advertising and marketing programs, including user acquisition costs and digital account-based marketing, user events such as developer-centric conferences and our annual Unite user conferences, and amortization expenses related to intangible assets. We expect that our sales and marketing expense will increase in absolute dollars in the long term, as we hire additional personnel, increase our account-based marketing, direct marketing and community outreach activities, invest in additional tools and technologies, and continue to build brand awareness, but decrease in the short term as a result of the reset of our Strategic Portfolio. We expect sales and marketing expenses to fluctuate as a percentage of revenue from period to period.

Sales and marketing expense for the three months ended March 31, 2024 increased, compared to the comparable prior year period, primarily due to higher personnel-related costs, driven by employee separation costs in the first quarter of 2024.

General and Administrative

Our general and administrative expenses primarily consist of personnel-related costs for finance, legal, human resources, IT and administrative employees; allocated overhead, and professional fees for external legal, accounting and other professional services. We expect that our general and administrative expenses will increase in absolute dollars in the long term, as we scale to support the growth of our business but decrease in the short term as a result of the reset of our Strategic Portfolio. We expect general and administrative expenses to fluctuate as a percentage of revenue from period to period.

General and administrative expense for the three months ended March 31, 2024 increased, compared to the comparable prior year period, primarily due to higher personnel-related costs, driven by employee separation costs in the first quarter of 2024.

Interest Expense

Interest expense consists primarily of interest expense associated with our convertible debt and amortization of debt issuance costs.

Interest expense for the three months ended March 31, 2024 decreased, compared to the comparable prior year period, due to a reduction in the amortization of debt issuance costs, driven by the repurchase of the 2026 notes.

Interest Income and Other Income (Expense), Net

Interest income and other income (expense), net, consists primarily of gains on the repurchase of convertible debt, interest income earned on our cash, cash equivalents, and short-term investments, foreign currency gains and losses. As we have expanded our global operations, our exposure to fluctuations in foreign currencies has increased, and we expect this to continue.

Interest income and other income (expense), net, for the three months ended March 31, 2024 increased, compared to the comparable prior year period, primarily due to a gain on the repurchase of convertible debt of $61.4 million in the first quarter of 2024.

Provision for (benefit from) Income taxes

Provision for (benefit from) income taxes consists primarily of income taxes in certain foreign jurisdictions where we conduct business. We have a valuation allowance against certain of our deferred tax assets, including net operating loss ("NOL") carryforwards and tax credits related primarily to research


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and development. Our overall effective income tax rate in future periods may be affected by the geographic mix of earnings in the countries in which we operate. Our future effective tax rate may also be affected by changes in the valuation of our deferred tax assets or liabilities, or changes in tax laws, regulations, or accounting principles in the jurisdictions in which we conduct business. See Note 9, "Income Taxes," of the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

Provision for (benefit from) income taxes for the three months ended March 31, 2024 increased, compared to the comparable prior year period, primarily due to a larger tax benefit from our continued restructuring efforts in the first quarter of 2024 that enhanced our ability to offset deferred tax liabilities in the U.S. in future periods, thereby partially reducing the need for a valuation allowance.

Non-GAAP Financial Measures

To supplement our consolidated financial statements prepared and presented in accordance with GAAP, we use certain non-GAAP financial measures, as described below, to evaluate our ongoing operations and for internal planning and forecasting purposes. We believe the following non-GAAP measures are useful in evaluating our operating performance. We are presenting these non-GAAP financial measures because we believe, when taken collectively, they may be helpful to investors because they provide consistency and comparability with past financial performance.

However, non-GAAP financial measures have limitations in their usefulness to investors because they have no standardized meaning prescribed by GAAP and are not prepared under any comprehensive set of accounting rules or principles. In addition, other companies, including companies in our industry, may calculate similarly-titled non-GAAP financial measures differently or may use other measures to evaluate their performance, all of which could reduce the usefulness of our non-GAAP financial measures as tools for comparison. As a result, our non-GAAP financial measures are presented for supplemental informational purposes only and should not be considered in isolation or as a substitute for our consolidated financial statements presented in accordance with GAAP.

Adjusted Gross Profit and Adjusted EBITDA

We define adjusted gross profit as GAAP gross profit excluding expenses associated with stock-based compensation, amortization of acquired intangible assets, depreciation, and restructurings and reorganizations. We define adjusted EBITDA as net income or loss excluding benefits or expenses associated with stock-based compensation, amortization of acquired intangible assets, depreciation, acquisitions, restructurings and reorganizations, interest, income tax, and other non-operating activities, which primarily consist of foreign exchange rate gains or losses.

We use adjusted gross profit and adjusted EBITDA in conjunction with traditional GAAP measures to evaluate our financial performance. We believe that adjusted gross profit and adjusted EBITDA provide our management and investors consistency and comparability with our past financial performance and facilitates period-to-period comparisons of operations, as these metrics exclude expenses that we do not consider to be indicative of our overall operating performance.


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The following table presents a reconciliation of our adjusted gross profit to our GAAP gross profit, the most directly comparable measure as determined in accordance with GAAP, for the periods presented (in thousands):


	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2024			2023
GAAP gross profit	$	315,993		$	338,397
Add:
Stock-based compensation expense	15,636			18,849

Amortization of intangible assets expense	26,997			34,265
Depreciation expense	2,744			2,364
Restructuring and reorganization costs	15,213			119
Adjusted gross profit	$	376,583		$	393,994
GAAP gross margin	69		%	68		%
Adjusted gross margin	82		%	79		%

The following table presents a reconciliation of our adjusted EBITDA to net loss, the most directly comparable measure as determined in accordance with GAAP, for the periods presented (in thousands):


	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2024		2023
GAAP net loss	$	(291,478)	$	(253,703)
Stock-based compensation expense	139,888		163,028
Amortization of intangible assets expense	87,957		97,920
Depreciation expense	13,853		11,640
Acquisition-related costs	—		729
Restructuring and reorganization costs	211,746		14,130


Interest expense	6,035		6,129
Interest income and other income (expense), net	(76,643)		(13,615)
Provision for (benefit from) income taxes	(12,843)		6,205
Adjusted EBITDA	$	78,515	$	32,463

Free Cash Flow

We define free cash flow as net cash provided by (used in) operating activities less cash used for purchases of property and equipment. We believe that free cash flow is a useful indicator of liquidity as it measures our ability to generate cash, or our need to access additional sources of cash, to fund operations and investments.


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The following table presents a reconciliation of free cash flow to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities, the most directly comparable measure as determined in accordance with GAAP, for the periods presented (in thousands):


	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2024		2023
Net cash used in operating activities	$	(7,373)	$	(5,099)
Less:
Purchases of property and equipment	(7,190)		(14,350)
Free cash flow	$	(14,563)	$	(19,449)

Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities	$	(7,190)	$	88,111
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities	$	(389,001)	$	21,971

Liquidity and Capital Resources

As of March 31, 2024, our principal sources of liquidity were cash, and cash equivalents totaling $1.2 billion, which were primarily held for working capital purposes. Our cash equivalents are invested primarily in government money market funds.

Our material cash requirements from known contractual and other obligations consists of our convertible notes, obligations under operating leases for office space, and contractual obligations for hosting services to support our business operations. See Part I, Item I, Note 7 — "Commitments and Contingencies" for additional discussion of our principal contractual commitments.

In connection with the ironSource Merger in November 2022, we issued $1.0 billion in aggregate principal amount of 2.0% convertible senior notes due 2027, the proceeds of which were used to fund repurchases under our share repurchase program. We previously issued $1.7 billion in aggregate principal amount of 0% convertible senior notes due 2026 in November 2021, of which $480 million in aggregate principal was repurchased in March 2024 for $415 million (together with the 2027 Notes, the "Notes"). See Part I, Item I, Note 6, "Borrowings" for additional discussion of the Notes.

In July 2022, our board of directors approved our share repurchase program, which authorized the repurchase of up to $2.5 billion of shares of our common stock in open market transactions through November 2024 (the "Share Repurchase Program"). As of March 31, 2024, $750 million remains available for future share repurchases under this program.

Since our inception, we have generated losses from our operations as reflected in our accumulated deficit of $3.4 billion as of March 31, 2024. We expect to continue to incur operating losses on a GAAP basis for the foreseeable future due to the investments we will continue to make in research and development, sales and marketing, and general and administrative. As a result, we may require additional capital to execute our strategic initiatives to grow our business.

We believe our existing sources of liquidity will be sufficient to meet our working capital and capital expenditures for at least the next 12 months. We believe we will meet longer-term expected future cash requirements and obligations through a combination of cash flows from operating activities, available cash balances, and potential future equity or debt transactions. Our future capital requirements, however, will depend on many factors, including our growth rate; the timing and extent of spending to support our research and development efforts; capital expenditures to build out new facilities and purchase hardware and software; the expansion of sales and marketing activities; and our continued need to invest in our IT infrastructure to support our growth. In addition, we may enter into additional strategic partnerships as well as agreements to acquire or invest in complementary offerings, teams and technologies, including intellectual property rights, which could increase our cash requirements. As a result of these and other factors, we may choose or be required to seek additional equity or debt financing sooner than we currently anticipate. In addition, depending on prevailing market conditions, our liquidity requirements,


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contractual restrictions, and other factors, we may also from time to time seek to retire or purchase our outstanding debt, including the Notes, through cash purchases and/or exchanges for equity securities, in open market purchases, privately negotiated transactions or otherwise. If additional financing is required from outside sources, we may not be able to raise it on terms acceptable to us, or at all, including as a result of macroeconomic conditions such as high interest rates, volatility in the capital markets and liquidity concerns at, or failures of, banks and other financial institutions. If we are unable to raise additional capital when required, or if we cannot expand our operations or otherwise capitalize on our business opportunities because we lack sufficient capital, our business, results of operations, and financial condition would be adversely affected.

Our changes in cash flows were as follows (in thousands):


	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2024		2023
Net cash used in operating activities	$	(7,373)	$	(5,099)
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities	(7,190)		88,111
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities	(389,001)		21,971
Effect of foreign exchange rate changes on cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash	(6,202)		3,151
Net change in cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash	$	(409,766)	$	108,134

Cash Used in Operating Activities

During the three months ended March 31, 2024, net cash used in operating activities was primarily due to an increase in working capital. Our cash flows fluctuate from period to period due to revenue seasonality, timing of billings, collections, and publisher payments. Historical cash flows are not necessarily indicative of our results in any future period.

Cash Used in Investing Activities

During the three months ended March 31, 2024, net cash used in investing activities consisted primarily of purchases of property and equipment.

Cash Used in Financing Activities

During the three months ended March 31, 2024, net cash used in financing activities consisted of repayments of convertible notes, offset by the proceeds from the issuance of common stock under our employee equity plans.

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

Management's discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations is based on our condensed consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP. These principles require us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenue, expenses, and related disclosures. Our estimates are based on our historical experience and on various other assumptions that we believe are reasonable under the circumstances. To the extent that there are material differences between these estimates and our actual results, our future financial statements will be affected.

There have been no material changes to our critical accounting policies and estimates from those disclosed in Part II, Item 7, "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations" in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023, filed with the SEC on February 29, 2024.


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Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

Our assessment of our exposures to market risk has not changed materially since the presentation set forth in Part II, Item 7A of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023, filed with the SEC on February 29, 2024.

Item 4. Controls and Procedures

Under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, we conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures, as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the "Exchange Act"), as of the end of the period covered by this report.

(a) Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

Based on management's evaluation, our principal executive officer and principal financial officer concluded that, as of the end of the period covered by this report, our disclosure controls and procedures were designed to, and were effective to, provide assurance at a reasonable level that the information we are required to disclose in reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized, and reported within the time periods specified in SEC rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosures.

(b) Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

Based on management's evaluation, our principal executive officer and principal financial officer concluded that there has not been any material change in our internal control over financial reporting during the quarter ended March 31, 2024 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially effect, our internal control over financial reporting.


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PART II—OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1. Legal Proceedings

On July 6, 2022, a putative securities class action complaint was filed in U.S. District Court in the Northern District of California against the Company and certain of its executives (the "Securities Class Action"). The complaint was amended on March 24, 2023, and captioned In re Unity Software Inc. Securities Litigation, Case No. 5:22-cv-3962 (N.D. Cal.). On May 25, 2023, all defendants moved to dismiss the amended complaint. The plaintiffs filed an opposition to the motions to dismiss on July 26, 2023. The Company filed a response to the plaintiffs' opposition on September 1, 2023. On March 15, 2024, the court granted the Company's motion to dismiss the complaint, and on April 12, 2024, the plaintiffs' filed a second amended complaint. The operative complaint names as defendants Unity, its former Chief Executive Officer, Chief Financial Officer, and General Manager of Operate Solutions, as well as Unity shareholders, Sequoia Capital, Silver Lake Group, and David Helgason. The complaint asserts claims under Sections 10(b) and 20(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, and alleges that the Company and its executives made false or misleading statements and/or failed to disclose issues with the Company's product platform and the likely impact of those issues on the Company's fiscal 2022 guidance. The plaintiffs seek to represent a class of all persons and entities (other than the defendants) who acquired Unity securities between May 11, 2021 and May 10, 2022, and requests unspecified damages, pre- and post-judgment interest, and an award of attorneys' fees and costs. The Company intends to continue to vigorously defend the case.

On November 22, 2022, a derivative suit, captioned Movva v. Unity Software, Inc., et al., Case 5:22-cv-07416 (N.D. Cal.) (the "Movva Suit"), was filed by a purported stockholder against eleven of the Company's current and former officers and directors. The complaint, which asserts claims for breach of fiduciary duty, waste of corporate assets, unjust enrichment, and violations of Section 14(a) of the Exchange Act, borrows the allegations of the Securities Class Action, and recasts them as derivative claims. On December 16, 2022, a related derivative suit, captioned Duong vs. Unity Software Inc., et al., Case 5:22-c-08926 (N.D. Cal.), was filed by a purported stockholder against the same defendants as in the Movva Suit (the "Duong Suit," and together with the Movva Suit, the "Federal Derivative Actions"). The two Federal Derivative Actions were consolidated after the parties jointly moved to do so. The Federal Derivative Actions have been stayed pending the outcome of the motions to dismiss in the Securities Class Action. On May 8, 2023, a stockholder derivative suit, captioned Wen v. Botha, et al., Case No. 2023-0499 (the “Wen Suit”), was filed in the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware. The case was filed by a purported Unity stockholder against twelve of the Company's current and former officers and directors, and asserts claims for breach of fiduciary duty, aiding and abetting breach of fiduciary duty, unjust enrichment, and waste of corporate assets. On December 15, 2023, a stockholder derivative suit, captioned Flesner v. Riccitiello, et al., Case No. 2023-1240 (the "Flesner Suit" and together with the Wen Suit, the "Delaware Derivative Actions"), was filed in the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware. The case was filed by a purported Unity stockholder against twelve of the Company's current and former officers and directors, and asserts claims for breach of fiduciary duty, aiding and abetting breach of fiduciary duty, and waste of corporate assets, as well as insider trading claims against the individual defendants. The two Delaware Derivative Actions were consolidated after the parties jointly moved to do so. As with the Federal Derivative Actions, the Delaware Derivative Actions borrow the allegations of the Securities Class Action, and recast them as derivative claims. The Delaware Derivative Actions have been stayed pending the outcome of the motions to dismiss in the Securities Class Action.

From time to time, we may be subject to other legal proceedings and claims arising in the ordinary course of business.


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Item 1A. Risk Factors

Risks Related to Our Business, Operations, and Industry

We have a history of losses and may not achieve or sustain profitability on a GAAP basis in the future.

We have experienced significant net losses on a GAAP basis in each period since inception. In addition, our revenue growth rate has varied and has in certain quarters declined and could vary and decline in the future, particularly in a difficult macroeconomic climate. We are not certain whether we will achieve or maintain profitability in the future. We are engaging in cost cutting efforts, but our costs and expenses may increase in the long term on a GAAP basis, which could negatively affect our future results of operations. In addition, we may continue to make investments in such areas as:

•research and development, including investments in our engineering teams and in further differentiating our platform and solutions with improvements to our Create and Grow Solutions, as well as the development of new solutions and features;

•our sales and marketing organizations to engage our existing and prospective customers, increase brand awareness and drive adoption and expansion of our platform and solutions;

•research and development and sales and marketing initiatives to grow our presence in new industries and use cases beyond the gaming industry;

•our technology infrastructure, including systems architecture, scalability, availability, performance, and security;

•acquisitions or strategic investments;

•global expansion; and

•our general and administration organization, including legal, IT, and accounting expenses associated with ongoing public company compliance and reporting obligations, including maintaining proper and effective internal controls over financial reporting.

Our efforts to achieve profitability may be costlier than we expect and may not be effective. Even if such investments increase our revenue, any such increase may not be enough to offset increased operating expenses. Cost-cutting efforts, such as discontinuing certain product offerings, reducing our workforce or reducing our office footprint layoffs, may not be effective or may not be effective on the timelines we expect.

If we fail to successfully execute our plans to reset our portfolio to focus on our Strategic Portfolio and to right-size our investments, our business will be harmed.

We have reset our portfolio to focus on the Unity Engine, Cloud and Monetization solutions as well as AI, exiting other businesses and right-sizing our investments. These efforts may not be effective or sufficient to offset our expenses, and may themselves have adverse impacts, such as loss of continuity or accumulated knowledge, inefficiency during transitional periods, distraction, and potential challenges operating our business with fewer resources. For example, in the first quarter of 2024 we reduced our employee workforce by approximately 25%, and certain members of our management team, including the ironSource founders, departed from their operational roles. The departure of these employees may create a loss of accumulated knowledge, inefficiency, and other challenges to operating our business. If we fail to efficiently execute on these plans to restructure, or if the benefits from these efforts are not achieved on the timeline we expect, we may fail to achieve or maintain profitability.

We have a limited history operating our business at its current scale, and as a result, our past results may not be indicative of future operating performance.

We have a limited history operating our business at its current scale and scope. You should not rely on our past results of operations as indicators of future performance. Overall growth of our revenue is difficult to predict and depends in part on our ability to execute on our integration of ironSource, our


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portfolio reset, and other growth strategies. You should consider and evaluate our prospects in light of the risks and uncertainties frequently encountered by growing companies in rapidly evolving markets. These risks and uncertainties include challenges in accurate financial planning as a result of limited historical data relevant to the current scale and scope of our business and the uncertainties resulting from having had a relatively limited time period in which to implement and evaluate our business strategies as compared to companies with longer operating histories.

If we are not able to grow efficiently and manage our costs, we may not achieve profitability on a GAAP basis.

We are aiming to achieve and maintain profitability on a GAAP basis. To do so, we need to continuously improve our platform’s capabilities, features and functionality. In addition, we will need to appropriately scale our internal business, IT, and financial, operating and administrative systems to serve our growing customer base, while continuing to manage headcount, capital and operating and reporting processes, and continue to integrate them with ironSource's, in an efficient manner. Any failure of or delay in these efforts could result in impaired performance and reduced customer satisfaction, resulting in decreased sales to new customers or lower dollar-based net expansion rates, which would hurt our revenue growth and our reputation. Further, any failure in optimizing the costs associated with our third-party cloud services could negatively impact our gross margins. Even if we are successful in our efforts to grow and expand, such efforts will be expensive and complex, and require the dedication of significant management time and attention. We may also suffer inefficiencies or service disruptions as a result of our efforts to scale our internal infrastructure. Cost-cutting interventions and improvements to our internal infrastructure to offset expenses may not be effectively implemented on a timely basis, and such failures could harm our business, financial condition and results of operations.

We may fail to realize the possible synergies between our Create and Grow Solutions, including the benefits of the ironSource Merger, or those synergies may take longer to realize than expected.

We believe that there are significant benefits and synergies that may be realized through leveraging our Create and Grow Solutions. However, the efforts to realize these benefits and synergies is a complex process and may disrupt our existing operations if not implemented in a timely and efficient manner. The full benefits of these synergies, including those from the ironSource Merger, may not be realized as expected or may not be achieved within the anticipated time frame, or at all. In addition, we may incur additional or unexpected costs in order to realize these revenue synergies. Failure to achieve these synergies could adversely affect our results of operations or cash flows, cause dilution to our earnings per share, and negatively impact our stock price.

Our success will depend, in part, on our ability to manage our expansion, which poses numerous risks and uncertainties, including the ongoing integration of the operations and business of ironSource into our existing business in an efficient and timely manner, to combine systems and management controls and to integrate relationships with industry contacts and business partners. We are devoting significant attention and resources to the integration and operation of the combined company, and to successfully aligning the business practices and operations of Unity and ironSource, in order to recognize the synergies between our Create and Grow Solutions.

If we are unable to retain our existing customers and expand their use of our platform, or attract new customers, our growth and operating results could be adversely affected, and we may be required to reconsider our growth strategy.

Our future success depends on our ability to retain our existing customers, expand their use of our platform and attract new customers. Our marketing efforts may not be successful despite the resources we devote to them.


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We derive a significant portion of our revenue from our Grow Solutions, and such revenue is primarily generated under a revenue-share or profit-share model. Under such models, our customers depend on us as a source of their own revenue, which in some cases may represent a significant portion of their revenue. Should customers lose confidence in the value or effectiveness of our Monetization solutions or if our Grow Solutions are less effective, consumption of these offerings could decline. For example, our revenue growth in the first half of 2022 was negatively impacted by challenges with certain of our Grow Solutions (including a fault in our platform that resulted in reduced accuracy of one of our monetization tools, as well as the consequences of ingesting bad data from a large customer) that reduced the efficacy of such products. We focused our resources on addressing the data quality and accuracy challenges we observed with certain monetization tools in the first quarter of 2022. Our interventions to address such challenges were effective; however, external factors, including the competitive landscape, negative macroeconomic conditions, longer sales cycles, and reduced advertiser spend prolonged our recovery and negatively impacted the growth of our Grow Solutions. We must continually add new features and functionality to our Grow Solutions to remain competitive and respond to our customers' needs. If we are not successful in retaining and attracting new customers to our Grow Solutions, our business and results of operations would be adversely affected. In addition, if we fail to attract or retain existing ironSource customers into our Grow Solutions, our business could be harmed.

Our Grow Solutions are also dependent upon the continued proliferation of mobile connected devices, such as smartphones and tablets, as well as the increased consumption of content through those devices. Consumer usage of these mobile connected devices may be inhibited for a number of reasons beyond our control. If user adoption of mobile connected devices or user consumption of content on those devices do not continue to grow, our business could be harmed.

Create Solutions customers have no obligation to renew their subscriptions, which are primarily one to three years in length, after they expire, and have no obligation to continue using our Grow Solutions, which are primarily sold under revenue-share or profit-share-based models. In the third quarter of 2023 we announced changes to our pricing model for our Create Solutions, which will become effective for users of the next major release of the software expected to be available in 2024. We experienced a high volume of negative customer feedback including a boycott and a slowdown of signing new contracts and renewals as a result of these changes, which we believe negatively impacted our Grow Solutions revenue in the second half of 2023. If we fail to recover or reengage our customers or fail to attract new customers as a result of this announcement, our business could be harmed.

Our Grow Solutions customers rely on us to attract a broad range of advertisers to our platform to generate demand for their impressions through our offerings such as LevelPlay, Unity Ads, and Sonic. If we are unable to also serve the needs of advertisers, they may reduce their consumption of our solutions and, because the advertising market is highly competitive, they may shift their business to other advertising solutions or supply paths, which could adversely affect our revenue.

All of our offerings are also subject to factors and events beyond our control. Macroeconomic factors like labor shortages, supply chain disruptions, and inflation continue to cause logistical challenges, increased input costs, and inventory constraints for advertisers. These factors have in the past decreased, and may in the future decrease or halt, advertiser spending.

For us to maintain or improve our results of operations, it is important that our Create Solutions customers renew and expand their subscriptions with us and that our Grow Solutions customers continue using and expanding their use of our solutions. We invest in targeted sales and account-based marketing efforts to identify opportunities to grow use of our solutions within and across multiple studios within a single customer. However, our efforts may not be successful despite the resources we devote to them. Even if one or several studios within a customer adopt our Create or Grow Solutions, other studios within that customer may choose to adopt different solutions or to continue to employ internally-developed solutions.

It is also important for us to cross-sell more Create Solutions to our Grow Solutions customers, as well as Grow Solutions to our Create Solutions customers. While we believe there are significant cross-


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selling opportunities between our Create and Grow Solutions, and that our Create and Grow Solutions work together synergistically, our efforts to cross-sell may not be successful.

The markets in which we participate are competitive, and if we do not compete effectively, our business, financial condition, and results of operations could be harmed.

The markets in which we operate are highly competitive. Specifically, we have faced and may continue to face competition as a result of:

•the internal development of alternative solutions by a significant number of companies, including other gaming companies;

•lower prices or free solutions offered by our competitors, some of whom may offer more favorable payment terms to publishers;

•mergers, acquisitions and other strategic relationships amongst our competitors which may allow them to provide more comprehensive offerings or achieve greater economies of scale than us, and may introduce new competitors in our markets;

•intense competition within the gaming market which may impact our company and a significant number of our customers, who also operate in the gaming market;

•the introduction of alternative solutions by larger, more experienced companies that offer 2D and 3D design solutions in the industries in which we may expand into; and

•rapid technological change, such as the rise of AI and machine learning, evolving industry standards, changing regulations, as well as changing customer needs, requirements and preferences.

Our competitors may have greater name recognition, longer operating histories, more established customer relationships, larger marketing budgets and greater financial and operational resources than we do. We cannot assure you that we will not be forced to engage in price-cutting or revenue limiting initiatives, change payment terms or increase our advertising and other expenses to attract and retain customers in response to competitive pressures. For example, in the third quarter of 2023 we announced changes to our pricing model for our Create Solutions, which will become effective for users of the next major release of the software expected to be available in 2024. We experienced a high volume of negative customer feedback including a boycott and a slowdown of signing new contracts and renewals as a result of these changes. If we fail to recover or reengage our customers, or fail to attract new customers, as a result of this announcement, our business could be harmed.

For all of these reasons, we may not be able to compete successfully against our current or future competitors, which could result in the failure of our platform to continue to achieve or maintain market acceptance, which would harm our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

Our estimates of market opportunity and forecasts of market growth may prove to be inaccurate, and even if the market in which we compete achieves the forecasted growth, our business could fail to grow at a similar rate, if at all.

Our estimates of market opportunity and forecasts of market growth may prove to be inaccurate. Market opportunity estimates and growth forecasts, including those we have generated ourselves, are subject to significant uncertainty and are based on assumptions and estimates that may not prove to be accurate. The variables that affect the calculation of our market opportunity are also subject to change over time.

We cannot assure you that any particular number or percentage of addressable users or companies covered by our market opportunity estimates will purchase our solutions at all or generate any particular level of revenue for us. In addition, any expansion in our market depends on a number of factors, including the cost, performance and perceived value associated with our platform and those of our competitors. Even if the market in which we compete meets the size estimates and growth we forecast, our business could fail to achieve a substantial share of this market or grow at a similar rate, if at all. Our


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growth is subject to many risks and uncertainties. Accordingly, the estimates of market opportunity or forecasts of market growth we have made and may make should not be taken as indicative of our future growth.

Operating system platform providers or application stores may change terms of service, policies or technical requirements applicable to us or our customers, which could adversely impact our business.

We and our customers are subject to the standard policies and terms of service of the operating system platforms on which we create, run and monetize applications and content, as well as policies and terms of service of the various application stores, such as the Apple App Store or Google Play Store, which make applications and content available to end users. Each of these operating system platforms and stores has broad discretion to change and interpret its terms of service and policies. Each may also change its fee structure, add fees associated with access to and use of its platform, alter how customers are able to advertise or monetize on their platform, change how the personal or other user information is made available to application developers on their platform, limit the use of personal information for advertising purposes or restrict how end users can share information on their platform or across other platforms.

In particular, operating system platform providers or application stores such as Apple or Google have in the past and may in the future change their technical requirements or policies in a manner that adversely impacts the way in which we or our customers offer solutions or collect, use, and share data from end-user devices. Restrictions on our ability to collect and use data as desired could negatively impact our Create Solutions and Grow Solutions as well as our resource planning and feature development planning for our software. For example, Google is continuing to develop their implementation of Android Privacy Sandbox, a set of technologies that will, when their use is mandated, alter the manner in which advertising is performed on Android devices, and which may impact our business. The long-term impact of these and other future privacy, platform, and regulatory changes could increase application store fees to our customers, or have other impacts which could harm our business.

If we or our customers violate or are accused of violating these terms of service or policies, an operating system platform provider or application store could limit or discontinue our or our customers' access to its platform or store. They could also limit or discontinue our access to its platform or store if it establishes more favorable relationships with one or more of our competitors or it determines that it is in their business interests to do so. Any limitation on or discontinuation of our or our customers' access to any third-party platform or application store could adversely affect our business, financial condition, or results of operations.

If we are unable to further expand into new industries, or if our solutions for any new industry fail to achieve market acceptance, our growth and operating results could be adversely affected, and we may be required to reconsider our growth strategy.

Our growth strategy is based, in part, on expanding into new industries beyond gaming. The market for interactive RT3D and 2D content in industries beyond gaming is still developing, and it is uncertain whether this market will develop as we expect, how rapidly it will develop and how much it will grow. Our success in these markets will depend, to a substantial extent, on the widespread adoption of our platform as an alternative to existing solutions, such as traditional 2D and 3D modeling and rendering tools, or adoption by customers that are not currently using any software solutions. Market acceptance of our platform in industries beyond gaming may not grow as we expect and if our platform does not achieve widespread adoption in these other markets, our ability to grow our revenue may suffer.

In addition, the investments we make to grow our business by expanding into new industries will continue to increase our costs and operating expenses on an absolute basis. We expect to invest significant research and development resources to develop and expand our solutions' functionality to meet the needs of customers in these industries, and we will need to increase our sales and marketing, legal and compliance and other efforts as we seek to expand into new industries that require a different go-to-market strategy than the gaming industry. These investments will occur in advance of our realization


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of significant revenue from such industries, particularly given that customers in these industries are typically enterprise customers with long contracting cycles, which will make it difficult to determine if we are allocating our resources effectively and efficiently. If the revenue we derive from these investments is not sufficient to achieve a return on investment, our business and results of operations would suffer.

Our business relies in part on strategic relationships. If we are unable to maintain favorable terms and conditions and business relations with respect to our strategic relationships, our business could be harmed.

We rely in part on strategic partnerships and other strategic relationships with hardware, operating system, device, game console, and other technology providers in order to be able to offer our customers the ability to deploy their content on a variety of third-party platforms. If any of these third parties were to suspend, limit or cease their operations or otherwise terminate their relationships with us, our results of operations could be adversely affected. We have entered into separate agreements with each of our strategic partners. Our agreements with our strategic partners are non-exclusive and typically have multi-year terms. We may have disagreements or disputes with these parties that could negatively impact or threaten our relationship with them. We may not be successful in sourcing additional strategic partnerships or relationships or in retaining or extending our existing relationships with the parties with whom we currently have relationships, including as a result of acquisitions by competitors of our strategic partners or strategic partners themselves becoming competitors. If we are unable to source additional strategic relationships or the parties with whom we currently have strategic relationships were to terminate their relationship with us, our revenue could decline and our business could be adversely affected.

We are dependent on the success of our customers in the gaming market. Adverse events relating to our customers or their games could have a negative impact on our business.

Our gaming customers are not the end users of our solutions, but rather they use our platform and solutions to create and/or operate their games, which are ultimately sold or distributed to an end user. As a result, our success depends in part on the ability of our customers to market and sell games that are created or operated with our solutions. If our customers' marketing efforts are unsuccessful or if our customers experience a decrease in demand for their games, sales of our Create Solutions and our Grow Solutions could be reduced. The gaming market is characterized by intense competition, rapid technological change, increased focus by regulators, and economic uncertainty and, as such, there is no guarantee that any of our customers' games will gain any meaningful traction with end users. In addition, some of our offerings, like Multiplay and Vivox, are more reliant on certain customers. While our large and diverse customer portfolio has helped to reduce the fluctuations in our Grow Solutions revenue as a whole resulting from the success of customers' games and the timing of game releases, we cannot assure you that the size and diversification of our customer portfolio will sufficiently mitigate this risk. If our customers fail to create or operate popular games using our platform, and we are not able to maintain a diversified portfolio of "winners and losers," our results of operations may be adversely affected.

Our results of operations have fluctuated in the past and are expected to fluctuate in the future, making it difficult to project future results, and if we fail to meet the expectations of securities analysts or investors with respect to our results of operations, our stock price, and the value of your investment could decline.

Our results of operations have fluctuated in the past and are expected to fluctuate in the future due to a variety of factors, many of which are outside of our control. As a result, our past results may not be indicative of our future performance. In addition to the other risks described herein, factors that may affect our results of operations include the following:

•fluctuations in demand for, usage of, or pricing of our platform;

•changes in mix of solutions purchased by our customers;


Table of Contents						Unity Software Inc.

•demand for our gaming customers' products and their ability to monetize those products, which in turn can have a significant impact on our revenue-share and consumption-based solutions;

•timing and amount of our investments to expand the capacity of our third-party cloud hosting providers;

•seasonality, especially with respect to our Grow Solutions, which tend to generate higher revenue during periods of increased time spent on entertainment, such as holidays;

•downturns or upturns in our sales which may not be immediately reflected in our financial position and results of operations;

•timing of customer budget cycles, purchases--including longer sales cycles for enterprise customers--and usage of our platform;

•market conditions and risks associated with the gaming industry, including the popularity, price and timing of release of games, changes in consumer demographics, the availability and popularity of other forms of entertainment, public tastes and preferences;

•timing of updates and new features on our platform;

•fluctuations or delays in purchasing decisions in anticipation of new solutions or enhancements by us or our competitors;

•amount and timing of payment for operating expenses, particularly research and development and sales and marketing expenses, including commissions, many of which occur in advance of the anticipated benefits resulting from such expenses;

•amount and timing of non-cash expenses, including stock-based compensation, amortization of acquired intangibles and acquisition-related expenses;

•amount and timing of costs associated with recruiting, training and integrating new employees and retaining and motivating existing employees;

•timing of acquisitions and costs associated with integrating acquired companies;

•general economic, social and public health conditions, both domestically and globally, including uncertain macroeconomic conditions, as well as conditions specifically affecting industries in which our customers operate, which can impact customer spending and result in longer deal cycles;

•incorrect estimates or judgments relating to our critical accounting policies;

•impact of new accounting pronouncements or changes in accounting principles;

•costs that we incur in order to comply with changing regulatory, tax or legal requirements, especially with respect to privacy and security matters; and

•significant security breaches of, technical difficulties with or interruptions to the delivery and use of our platform.

Any of these and other factors, or the cumulative effect of some of these factors, may cause our results of operations to vary significantly. If our quarterly results of operations fall below the expectations of investors and securities analysts who follow our stock, the price of our common stock could decline substantially, and we could face costly lawsuits, including securities class action suits.

Third parties with whom we do business may be unable to honor their obligations to us or their actions may put us at risk.

We rely on third parties, including our strategic partners, for various aspects of our business, including deep technology collaborations, co-marketing, advertising partners, development services agreements, and revenue share arrangements. Their actions may put our business, reputation, and brand


Table of Contents						Unity Software Inc.

at risk. In many cases, third parties may be given access to sensitive and proprietary information or personal information in order to provide services and support to our teams or customers, and they may misappropriate and engage in unauthorized use of our information, technology or customers' data. In addition, the failure of these third parties to provide adequate services and technologies, or the failure of the third parties to adequately maintain or update their services and technologies, could result in a disruption to our business operations. Further, disruptions in the mobile application industry, financial markets, economic downturns, poor business decisions, or reputational harm may adversely affect our partners and may increase their propensity to engage in fraud or otherwise illegal activity which could harm our business reputation, and they may not be able to continue honoring their obligations to us, or we may cease our arrangements with them. Alternative arrangements and services may not be available to us on commercially reasonable terms or at all and we may experience business interruptions upon a transition to an alternative partner or vendor. If we lose one or more business relationships, or experience a degradation of services, our business could be harmed and our financial results could be adversely affected.

We use resellers and other third parties to sell, market, and deploy our solutions to a variety of customers, and our failure to effectively develop, manage, and maintain our indirect sales channels would harm our business.

We use resellers and other third parties to sell, market, and deploy our Create Solutions to a variety of customers, particularly in industries beyond gaming. For example, we currently leverage an indirect value-added reseller network to cost effectively service our mid-sized, small and independent Create Solutions customers and we engage in cooperative marketing efforts with strategic partners. Loss of or reduction in sales through these third parties could reduce our revenue. Identifying and retaining resellers and strategic partners, training them in our technology and solutions, and negotiating and documenting relationships with them, requires significant time and resources. We cannot assure you that we will be able to maintain our relationships with our resellers or strategic partners on favorable terms or at all.

Our resellers may cease marketing or reselling our platform with limited or no notice and without penalty. Further, a substantial number of our agreements with resellers are non-exclusive such that those resellers may offer customers the solutions of several different companies, including solutions that compete with ours. Our resellers may favor our competitors' solutions or services over ours, including due to incentives that our competitors provide to resellers. One or more of our resellers could be acquired by one of our competitors, which could adversely affect our ability to sell through that reseller. If our resellers do not effectively sell, market or deploy our solutions, choose to promote our competitors' solutions, or otherwise fail to meet the needs of our customers, our ability to sell our solutions could be adversely affected.

Our direct sales force targets larger customers, and sales to these customers involve risks that may not be present or that are present to a lesser extent with respect to sales to smaller customers.

We utilize a direct sales organization to increase adoption within larger enterprise customers and to expand into new industries, such as automotive, where potential customers are typically larger organizations. In particular, our success for our Grow Solutions depends in part on larger enterprise customers. Sales to larger customers involve risks that may not be present or that are present to a lesser extent with sales to smaller customers, such as longer sales cycles, more complex customer requirements, substantial upfront sales costs, and less predictability in completing some of our sales. If we do not effectively expand our direct sales capabilities to address these industries effectively or develop effective sales and marketing strategies for those industries, or if we focus our efforts on non-gaming industries that end up being slow adopters of our platform and solutions, our ability to increase sales of our platform and solutions to industries and for use cases outside gaming will be adversely affected.


Table of Contents						Unity Software Inc.

We provide service-level agreement commitments related to certain of our Create and Grow Solutions. If we fail to meet these contractual commitments, we could be obligated to provide refunds of prepaid amounts or other credits, which would lower our revenue and harm our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

Certain of our Create and Grow Solutions include service-level agreements commitments. If we are unable to meet the stated service-level commitments, including failure to meet the uptime and response time requirements under our customer agreements, we could face terminations and/or refunds of prepaid amounts or other credits, which could significantly affect both our current and future revenue. Any service-level failures could also damage our reputation, which could also adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

If we fail to offer high-quality support, our ability to retain and attract customers could suffer.

Our customers rely on our sales, customer success and customer support personnel and tools to resolve issues and realize the full benefits that our platform provides. High-quality support is important for the retention of our existing customers and expanding their use of our platform. The importance of these functions will increase as we expand our business, pursue new customers and seek to expand the use of our platform and solutions by enterprise customers in new industries outside of gaming. If we do not help our customers quickly resolve issues and provide effective ongoing support, our ability to maintain and expand our solution to existing and new customers could suffer, and our reputation with existing or potential customers could suffer.

Indemnity provisions in various agreements to which we are a party potentially expose us to substantial liability for infringement, misappropriation or other violation of intellectual property rights, data protection and other losses.

Our agreements with our customers and other third parties may include indemnification provisions under which we agree to indemnify or otherwise be liable for losses suffered or incurred as a result of certain claims relating to or arising from our software, services, platform, our acts or omissions under such agreements or other contractual obligations. In some cases, the liability is not limited and we may still incur substantial liability related to such agreements, and we may be required to cease providing certain functions or features on our platform as a result of any such claims. Even if we succeed in contractually limiting our liability, such limitations may not be enforceable. Any dispute with a customer or other third party with respect to such obligations could have adverse effects on our relationship with such customer or other third party and other existing or prospective customers, reduce demand for our platform and adversely affect our business, financial conditions and results of operations. In addition, our insurance may not be adequate to indemnify us for all liability that may be imposed on us or otherwise protect us from liabilities or damages with respect to claims, including claims on such matters as alleged compromises of customer data, which may be substantial. Any such coverage may not continue to be available to us on acceptable terms or at all.

Our business could be disrupted by catastrophic events, including health pandemics, militarization, or war.

Any catastrophic event, including earthquake, fire, flood, tsunami or other weather event, power loss, telecommunications failure, software or hardware malfunction, cyber-attack, war or terrorist attack, explosion, or pandemic could impact our business. In particular, our corporate headquarters are located in the San Francisco Bay Area, a region known for seismic activity, and are thus vulnerable to damage in an earthquake. Our insurance coverage may not compensate us for losses that may occur in the event of an earthquake or other significant natural disaster. In addition, certain of our operations could be impacted by militarization or war, discussed below. If any disaster were to occur, our ability to operate our business at our facilities could be impaired and we could incur significant losses, require substantial recovery time and experience significant expenditures in order to resume operations. If we are unable to develop adequate plans to ensure that our business functions continue to operate during and after a disaster and to execute successfully on those plans in the event of a disaster or emergency, our business would be harmed.


Table of Contents						Unity Software Inc.

Conditions in Israel, including political unrest, militarization and war, has impacted and may further adversely affect our operations.

Because many of the operations of Grow Solutions are conducted in Israel, many of our employees, including certain management members, are located in Israel. Political unrest, militarization, or continued war in Israel or the surrounding region has not materially impacted our operations as a whole, but has impacted our employee productivity in Israel, and may further adversely affect our business. Following attacks in Israel by Hamas, a U.S. designated terrorist organization, Israel formally declared war. In addition, there have also been rocket attacks by Hezbollah, also a U.S. designated terrorist organization, in the north of the country. Several hundred thousand Israeli military reservists were drafted into immediate military service. While most reservists were released from active service, if a substantial number of our employees, key members of our management team, or employees of our service providers in Israel are conscripted into military service on a prolonged basis, our operations and result of operations, particularly of our Grow Solutions, may be harmed.

In the event that our facilities in Israel or facilities of providers of critical services to our operations in Israel are damaged, our ability to deliver or provide solutions and services in a timely manner to meet our contractual obligations with customers, partners and vendors and otherwise meet users' expectations, and our ability to develop our solutions in order to be competitive, could be adversely affected. In addition, we may incur significant costs in order to resume operations and we may be unable to develop or implement adequate plans to ensure continuity of business functions. Our commercial insurance may not cover losses that may occur as a result of events associated with war and terrorism. The Israeli government currently covers the reinstatement value of direct damages that are caused by terrorist attacks or acts of war, but we cannot assure you that such government coverage will be maintained or that it will sufficiently cover our potential damages. Any losses or damages incurred by us could harm our business.

In addition, some countries may impose restrictions on doing business with Israel or companies with operations in Israel. There have also been calls to boycott Israeli goods and services. Such efforts may impact the operations of Grow Solutions and harm our business.

The intensity and duration of Israel’s current war against Hamas and the hostilities on the northern border are difficult to predict, as are its impacts on Israel's economy in general and on our business and operations that are conducted in Israel.

Our current operations are and will continue to be global in scope, creating a variety of operational challenges.

We currently have operations and customers across all major global markets. We also have a sales presence in multiple countries. We expect that our global activities will continue to grow for the foreseeable future as we continue to pursue growth opportunities, which will require significant dedication of management attention and financial resources.

Our current and future global business and operations involve a variety of risks, including:

•slower than anticipated availability and adoption of our platform by creators outside the U.S., for example, in China where we experienced softness throughout 2023;

•the need to adapt and localize our platform for specific countries;

•maintaining our company culture, which emphasizes developing and launching new and innovative solutions and which we believe is essential to our business, across all of our offices globally and requires aligning our values across cultures and viewpoints;

•difficulty collecting accounts receivable and potential for longer payment cycles;

•increased reliance on resellers and other third parties for our global expansion;

•burdens of complying with a variety of foreign laws, including costs associated with legal structures, accounting, statutory filings and tax liabilities;


Table of Contents						Unity Software Inc.

•stringent and evolving regulations relating to privacy and data security and the unauthorized use of, or access to, commercial and personal information, particularly in Europe and China;

•differing and potentially more onerous labor regulations and practices, especially in Europe;

•challenges inherent in efficiently managing, and the increased costs associated with, an increased number of employees over large geographic distances, including the need to implement appropriate systems, policies, benefits, statutory equity requirements and compliance programs that are specific to each jurisdiction;

•unexpected changes in trade relations, regulations, laws or enforcement, including changes to export control restrictions, economic sanctions, and trade embargoes;

•difficulties in managing a business in new markets with diverse cultures, languages, customs, legal systems, alternative dispute systems, and regulatory systems;

•increased travel, real estate, infrastructure and legal compliance costs associated with multiple global locations and subsidiaries;

•currency exchange rate fluctuations and the resulting effect on our revenue and expenses, and the cost and risk of hedging transactions;

•higher levels of credit risk and payment fraud, particularly the risk that excessive fraudulent activity could harm our ability to meet credit card association merchant standards and our right to accept credit cards for payment;

•restrictions on the transfer of funds, such as limitations on our ability to reinvest earnings from operations in one country to fund the capital needs of our operations in other countries;

•laws and business practices favoring local competitors or general market preferences for local vendors;

•reduced or uncertain intellectual property protection or difficulties obtaining, maintaining, protecting or enforcing our intellectual property rights, including foreign government interference with our intellectual property that resides outside of the U.S.;

•political instability, societal unrest, hostilities, war, or terrorist activities, including in Israel or the surrounding region where a significant portion of our Grow Solutions team is located; and subsequent retaliatory measures and sanctions;

•exposure to liabilities under anti-corruption and anti-money laundering laws, including the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act ("FCPA"), U.S. bribery laws, the United Kingdom ("U.K.") Bribery Act, and similar laws and regulations in other jurisdictions; and

•adverse tax burdens and foreign exchange controls that could make it difficult to repatriate earnings and cash.

If we invest substantial time and resources to grow our business in markets outside the U.S. and are unable to do so successfully and in a timely manner, our business and results of operations will suffer.

We are exposed to collection and credit risks, which could impact our operating results.

Our accounts receivable are subject to collection and credit risks, which could impact our operating results. Our Create Solutions typically include upfront purchase commitments for a one- to three-year subscription, which may be invoiced over multiple reporting periods, increasing these risks. We rely on payments from advertisers in order to pay our Grow Solutions customers their revenue earned from Unity Ads, LevelPlay, and Sonic. We are generally obligated to pay our customers for revenue earned within a negotiated period of time, regardless of whether or not our advertisers have paid us on time, or at all. While we attempt to negotiate a longer payment period with our customers and shorter periods for our advertisers, we are not always successful. As a result, we can face a timing issue with our accounts payable on shorter cycles than our accounts receivable, requiring us to remit payments from our own funds, and accept the risk of bad debt. Businesses that are good credit risks at the time of sale may


Table of Contents						Unity Software Inc.

become bad credit risks over time. In times of economic recession, the number of our customers who default on payments owed to us tends to increase. Our operating results may be impacted by significant bankruptcies among customers, which could negatively impact our revenue and cash flows. We cannot assure you that our processes to monitor and mitigate these risks will be effective. If we fail to adequately assess and monitor our credit risks, we could experience longer payment cycles, increased collection costs and higher bad debt expense, and our business, operating results and financial condition could be harmed.

Adverse developments affecting the financial services industry, such as actual events or perceived concerns involving liquidity, defaults or non-performance by financial institutions could adversely affect our financial condition and results of operations.

Actual events involving limited liquidity, defaults, non-performance or other adverse developments that affect financial institutions, transactional counterparties or the financial services industry generally, or concerns or rumors about any such events, have in the past and may in the future lead to market-wide liquidity problems. Our access to funding sources in amounts adequate to finance or capitalize our current and projected future business operations could be significantly impaired by factors that affect us, or customers, the financial institutions with which we have arrangements directly, or the financial services industry or economy in general. Any further deterioration in the macroeconomic economy or financial services industry could lead to losses or defaults by parties with whom we conduct business, which in turn, could have an adverse effect on our current and/or projected business operations and results of operations and financial condition. For example, a party with whom we conduct business may fail to make payments when due, default under their agreements with us, become insolvent or declare bankruptcy. Any bankruptcy or insolvency, or the failure to make payments when due, of any counterparty of ours, or the loss of any significant relationships, could result in losses to us and may adversely impact our business.

Fluctuations in currency exchange rates could harm our operating results and financial condition.

We offer our solutions to customers globally and have operations globally. Although the majority of our cash generated from revenue is denominated in U.S. dollars, revenue generated and expenses incurred by our subsidiaries outside of the U.S. are often denominated in the currencies of the local countries. As a result, our consolidated U.S. dollar financial statements have been and will continue to be subject to fluctuations due to changes in exchange rates as the financial results of our non-U.S. subsidiaries are translated from local currencies into U.S. dollars. In particular, the strengthening of the U.S. dollar could continue to negatively impact our business. Our financial results are also subject to changes in exchange rates that impact the settlement of transactions in non-local currencies. Because we conduct business in currencies other than U.S. dollars but report our results of operations in U.S. dollars, we also face remeasurement exposure to fluctuations in currency exchange rates, which could hinder our ability to predict our future results and earnings and could materially impact our results of operations. As a result of the ironSource Merger, we have certain limited forward currency contracts in place to hedge foreign currency exposure, but we have not otherwise engaged in currency hedging activities to limit the risk of exchange fluctuations and, as a result, our financial condition and operating results have been and could continue to be adversely affected by such fluctuations.

We may require additional capital to support the growth of our business, and this capital might not be available on acceptable terms, if at all.

We cannot be certain when or if our operations will generate sufficient cash to fully fund our ongoing operations or the growth of our business. We intend to continue to make investments to support our business and may require additional funds to respond to business challenges, including the need to develop new solutions, products, services or enhance our existing solutions, products or services, enhance our operating infrastructure, expand globally and acquire complementary businesses and technologies. Additional financing may not be available on terms favorable to us, if at all. If adequate funds are not available on acceptable terms, we may be unable to invest in future growth opportunities, which could harm our business, operating results, and financial condition. In addition, we may need to take other measures that would impact our liquidity. For example, under certain conditions we may be


Table of Contents						Unity Software Inc.

required to repurchase the third-party interest in Unity China, which would impact our liquidity. If we incur additional debt the debt holders would have rights senior to holders of common stock to make claims on our assets, and the terms of any debt could restrict our operations, including our ability to pay dividends on our common stock. Furthermore, if we issue additional equity securities, stockholders will experience dilution, and the new equity securities could have rights senior to those of holders of our common stock. Our inability to obtain adequate financing on terms satisfactory to us, when we require it, could significantly limit our ability to continue to support our business growth, respond to business challenges, expand our operations or otherwise capitalize on our business opportunities due to lack of sufficient capital. Even if we are able to raise such capital, we cannot assure you that it will enable us to achieve better operating results or grow our business.

Risks Related to Our Platform and Technology

If we do not make our platform, including new versions or technology advancements, easier to use or properly train customers on how to use our platform, our ability to broaden the appeal of our platform and solutions and to increase our revenue could suffer.

Our platform can be complex to use, and our ability to expand the appeal of our platform depends in part on ensuring that it can be used by a variety of creators. While certain features of our solutions are designed to address the needs of professional developers, we believe that our ability to expand adoption of our platform will depend in part on our ability to address the needs of creators with varied needs and levels of expertise, including artists, animators and sound technicians, as well as new categories of creators and end users, such as architects, civil and mechanical engineers, and designers, in industries beyond gaming. Accordingly, it will be important to our future success that we continue to increase the accessibility of our platform and if we are not able to, our ability to increase adoption of our platform will suffer.

In order to get full use of our platform, users generally need training. We provide a variety of training resources to our customers, and we believe we will need to continue to maintain and enhance the breadth and effectiveness of our training resources as the scope and complexity of our platform increase. If we do not provide effective training resources for our customers on how to efficiently and effectively use our platform, our ability to grow our business will suffer, and our business and results of operations may be adversely affected. Additionally, when we announce or release new versions of our platform or advancements in our technology, we could fail to sufficiently explain or train our customers on how to use such new versions or advancements or we may announce or release such versions prematurely. These failures on our part may lead to our customers being confused about use of our offerings or expected technology releases, and our ability to grow our business, results of operations, brand and reputation may be adversely affected. For example, such failures have in the past led to customers expressing frustration with our platform on social media and other internet sites.

Interruptions, performance problems, or defects associated with our platform may adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

Our reputation and ability to attract and retain customers and grow our business depends in part on our ability to operate our platform at high levels of reliability, scalability and performance, including the ability of our existing and potential customers to access our platform at any time and within an acceptable amount of time. Interruptions in the performance of our platform and solutions, whether due to system failures, computer viruses or physical or electronic break-ins, could affect the availability of our platform. We have experienced, and may in the future experience, disruptions, outages and other performance problems due to a variety of factors, including infrastructure changes, introductions of new functionality, human or software errors, capacity constraints due to an overwhelming number of customers accessing our platform simultaneously, denial of service attacks or other security-related incidents.

It may become increasingly difficult to maintain and improve our performance, especially during peak usage times and as our customer base grows and our platform becomes more complex. If our platform is unavailable or if our customers are unable to access our platform within a reasonable amount of time or at all, we may experience a loss of customers, lost or delayed market acceptance of our


Table of Contents						Unity Software Inc.

platform, delays in payment to us by customers, injury to our reputation and brand, legal claims against us, significant cost of remedying these problems and the diversion of our resources. In addition, to the extent that we do not effectively address capacity constraints, upgrade our systems as needed and continually develop our technology and network architecture to accommodate actual and anticipated changes in technology, our business, financial condition and results of operations, as well as our reputation, may be adversely affected. For example, due to heightened concerns about the regulatory environment with respect to privacy and security matters, our customers are increasingly requesting audit certifications, such as SOC 2, Type II, that we have not yet achieved with respect to some of our offerings. Failure to achieve these certifications may adversely impact our ability to grow our business at the pace that may be expected by our investors. Additionally, material interruptions to our service due to security-related incidents may expose us to regulatory fines in certain jurisdictions where we operate even in the absence of data loss.

Further, the software technology underlying our platform is inherently complex and may contain material defects or errors, particularly when new solutions are first introduced or when new features or capabilities are released. We have from time to time found defects or errors in our platform, and new defects or errors in our existing platform or new solutions may be detected in the future by us or our users. For example, our revenue growth in the first half of 2022 was negatively impacted by challenges with certain of our Grow Solutions (including a fault in our platform that resulted in reduced accuracy of one of our monetization tools, as well as the consequences of ingesting bad data from a large customer) that reduced the efficacy of such products.

We cannot assure you that our existing platform and new offerings will not contain defects. Any real or perceived errors, failures, vulnerabilities, or bugs in our platform could result in negative publicity or lead to data security, access, retention or other performance issues, all of which could harm our business. The costs incurred in correcting such defects or errors may be substantial and could harm our business. Moreover, the harm to our reputation and legal liability related to such defects or errors may be substantial and could similarly harm our business.

We are increasingly building AI into certain of our offerings, and issues raised by the use of AI in our offerings may adversely affect our business, reputation, or financial results.

We are increasingly building AI into certain of our offerings, such as Unity Muse, an expansive platform for AI-driven assistance during creation, and Unity Sentis, which allows creators to embed an AI model in the Unity Runtime for their game or application, enhancing gameplay and other functionality. We continue to advance machine learning algorithms in our Grow Solutions, which are designed to enable us to provide customers with better performance. AI technologies are complex and rapidly evolving, and we face significant competition from other companies as well as an evolving regulatory landscape. The evolving regulatory landscape and our product development efforts may result in new or enhanced governmental or regulatory scrutiny, litigation, ethical concerns, or other complications that could adversely affect our business, reputation, or financial results. For example, the use of datasets to develop and be referenced by AI models, the content generated by AI systems, or the application of AI systems may be found to be insufficient, offensive, biased, or harmful, or violate current or future laws and regulations or third-party rights. In addition, AI and machine learning ("ML") models may create flawed, incomplete, or inaccurate outputs, some of which may appear correct. If our technology is used by an end user in a controversial manner due to their perceived or actual impact on society, we may experience brand or reputational harm, competitive harm or legal liability.

In addition, market acceptance of AI technologies is uncertain, and we may be unsuccessful in product development efforts. Our solutions that use AI could fail to achieve market acceptance, or our competitors may use AI technologies more efficiently than we do. We may incur significant costs and may not achieve any significant revenue from these offerings. Any of these factors could adversely affect our business, reputation, or financial results.


Table of Contents						Unity Software Inc.

If we or our third-party service providers experience a security breach or unauthorized parties otherwise obtain access to our customers' data, our data, or our platform, our platform may be perceived as not secure, our reputation may be harmed, our business operations may be disrupted, demand for our solutions may be reduced, and we may incur significant liabilities.

Operating our business and platform involves the collection, storage and transmission of sensitive, proprietary and confidential information, including personal information of our personnel, customers and their end users, our proprietary and confidential information and the confidential information we collect from our partners, customers and creators.

Cyber-attacks, malicious internet-based activity, online and offline fraud, and other similar activities threaten the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of our sensitive information and information technology systems, and those of the third parties upon which we rely. Such threats are prevalent and continue to rise, are increasingly difficult to detect, and come from a variety of sources, including traditional computer "hackers," threat actors, "hacktivists" organized criminal threat actors, personnel (such as through theft, misuse, or accident), sophisticated nation states, and nation-state-supported actors. For example, the increased hostilities and militarization in and around Israel, where a significant part of our Grow Solutions operations is based, may lead to an increase in politically motivated cyber-attacks which could impact our operations and harm our business.

We and the third parties upon which we rely are subject to a variety of constantly evolving threats, including but not limited to, computer malware (including as a result of advanced persistent threat intrusions), software bugs and vulnerabilities, malicious code, viruses and worms, social engineering (including spear phishing and ransomware attacks), denial-of-service attacks (such as credential stuffing attacks), credential harvesting, personnel misconduct or error, supply chain attacks server malfunctions, software or hardware failures, loss of data or other information technology assets, adware, telecommunications failures, and other similar threats. Such incidents have become more prevalent in our industry in recent years and the emergence of new AI technologies presents risks of further vulnerabilities. For example, attempts by malicious actors to fraudulently induce our personnel into disclosing usernames, passwords or other information that can be used to access our systems have increased and could be successful. Ransomware attacks are becoming increasingly prevalent and severe and can lead to significant interruptions, delays, or outages in our operations, loss of data, loss of income, significant extra expenses and resources to restore data or systems, reputational harm, and the diversion of funds. Extortion payments may alleviate the negative impact of a ransomware attack, but we may be unwilling or unable to make such payments due to, for example, applicable laws or regulations prohibiting payments. Our security measures could also be compromised by personnel, theft or errors, or be insufficient to prevent harm resulting from security vulnerabilities in software or systems on which we rely. Additionally, our remote workforce poses increased risks to our IT assets and data. Future or past business transactions (such as acquisitions or integrations) could expose us to additional cybersecurity risks and vulnerabilities, as our systems could be negatively affected by vulnerabilities present in acquired or integrated entities' systems and technologies. Furthermore, we may discover security issues that were not found during due diligence of such acquired or integrated entities, and it may be difficult to integrate companies into our information technology environment and security program.

Additionally, our or our customers' sensitive, proprietary, or confidential information could be leaked, disclosed, or revealed as a result of or in connection with our employees', personnel's, or vendors' use of generative AI technologies. Any such information that we input into a third-party generative AI or ML platform could be revealed to others, including if information is used to train the third party's AI/ML models. Additionally, where an AI/ML model ingests personal information and makes connections using such data, those technologies may reveal other sensitive, proprietary, or confidential information generated by the model. Moreover, AI/ML models may create incomplete, inaccurate, or otherwise flawed outputs, some of which may appear correct. We may use AI/ML outputs to make certain decisions. Due to these potential flaws, the model could lead us to make decisions that could bias certain individuals or classes of individuals and adversely impact their rights. As a result, we could face adverse consequences, including exposure to reputational and competitive harm, customer loss, and legal liability.


Table of Contents						Unity Software Inc.

Such incidents have occurred in the past, and may occur in the future, resulting in unauthorized, unlawful or inappropriate access to, inability to access, disclosure of or loss of the sensitive, proprietary and confidential information that we handle. For example, like many companies, we use Log4j with respect to certain software or systems to log security and performance information. A vulnerability in Log4j was discovered in late 2021 and widely exploited by threat actors, and, upon learning of this vulnerability, we made updates to our offerings and infrastructure intended to reduce risks associated with the vulnerability. Investigations into potential incidents occur on a regular basis as part of our security program. Security incidents could also damage our IT systems, our ability to provide our products and services, and our ability to make the financial reports and other public disclosures required of public companies.

We rely on third parties to provide critical services that help us deliver our solutions and operate our business. In the course of providing their services, these third parties may support or operate critical business systems for us or store or process personal, sensitive, proprietary and/or confidential information on our behalf. These third-party providers may not have adequate security measures and have experienced and could experience in the future security incidents that compromise the confidentiality, integrity or availability of the systems they operate for us or the information they process on our behalf. Such occurrences could adversely affect our business to the same degree as if we had experienced these occurrences directly and we may not have recourse to the responsible third parties for the resulting liability we incur.

Because there are many different cybercrime and hacking techniques and such techniques continue to evolve, we may be unable to anticipate attempted security breaches, react in a timely or effective manner or implement adequate preventative measures. While we have developed systems and processes designed to protect the integrity, confidentiality and security of our and our customers' confidential, proprietary, and personal information under our control, we cannot assure you that any security measures that we or our third-party service providers have implemented will be effective against current or future security threats. A security breach or other security incident, or the perception that one has occurred, could result in a loss of customer confidence in the security of our platform and damage to our reputation and brand, reduce demand for our solutions, disrupt normal business operations, require us to incur material costs to investigate and remedy the incident and prevent recurrence, expose us to litigation, regulatory enforcement action, fines, penalties and damages and adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations. These risks are likely to increase as we continue to grow and process, store and transmit an increasingly large volume of data.

We have contractual and legal obligations to notify relevant stakeholders of security breaches. Most jurisdictions have enacted laws requiring companies to notify individuals, regulatory authorities and others of security breaches involving certain types of data. In addition, our agreements with certain customers and partners may require us to notify them in the event of a security breach. Such mandatory disclosures are costly, could lead to negative publicity and may cause our customers to lose confidence in the effectiveness of our security measures.

A security breach could lead to claims by our customers, their end users or other relevant parties that we have failed to comply with contractual obligations to implement specified security measures. As a result, we could be subject to legal action or our customers could end their relationships with us. We cannot assure you that the limitations of liability in our contracts would be enforceable or adequate or would otherwise protect us from liabilities or damages. Security breaches could similarly result in enforcement actions by government authorities alleging that we have violated laws requiring us to maintain reasonable security measures.

Additionally, we cannot be certain that our insurance coverage will be adequate for data security liabilities actually incurred, will cover any indemnification claims against us relating to any incident, will continue to be available to us on economically reasonable terms, or at all, or that any insurer will not deny coverage as to any future claim. The successful assertion of one or more large claims against us that exceed available insurance coverage, or the occurrence of changes in our insurance policies, including


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premium increases or the imposition of large deductible or co-insurance requirements, could adversely affect our reputation, business, financial condition and results of operations.

In addition, we continue to expend significant costs to seek to protect our platform and solutions and to introduce additional security features for our customers, and we expect to continue to have to expend significant costs in the future. Any increase in these costs will adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

If we fail to timely release updates and new features to our platform and adapt and respond effectively to rapidly changing technology, evolving industry standards, changing regulations, or changing customer needs, requirements, or preferences, our platform may become less competitive.

The market in which we compete is subject to rapid technological change, evolving industry standards, and changing regulations, as well as changing customer needs, requirements and preferences. The success of our business will depend, in part, on our ability to adapt and respond effectively to these changes on a timely basis. For example, Apple has announced that it is working with us to further develop its Vision Pro offerings. If Apple's Vision Pro fails to gain market acceptance, or if our offerings used to advance Vision Pro fail to perform properly, our business could be harmed. Similarly, emerging technologies like artificial intelligence could impact the way that customers utilize our solutions as well as enhance the functionality of our solutions. Accordingly, our ability to increase our revenue depends in large part on our ability to maintain, improve and differentiate our existing platform and introduce new functionality promptly and effectively.

We must continue to improve existing features and add new features and functionality to our platform in order to retain our existing customers and attract new ones. For example, if the technology underlying our high-definition rendering pipeline or our graphics, animation and audio tools become obsolete or do not address the needs of our customers, our business would suffer.

Revenue growth from our offerings depends on our ability to continue to develop and offer effective features and functionality for our customers and to respond to frequently changing privacy and data security laws and regulations, policies, and end-user demands and expectations, which will require us to incur additional costs to implement. If we do not continue to improve our platform with additional features and functionality in a timely fashion, or if intended improvements to our platform are ineffective or otherwise not well received by customers, our revenue could be adversely affected.

If we fail to deliver timely releases of our solutions that are ready for commercial use, release a new version, service, tool or update with material errors, or are unable to enhance our platform to keep pace with rapid technological and regulatory changes or respond to new offerings by our competitors, or if new technologies emerge that are able to deliver competitive solutions at lower prices, more efficiently, more conveniently or more securely than our solutions, or if new operating systems, gaming platforms or devices are developed and we are unable to support our customers' deployment of games and other applications onto those systems, platforms or devices, our business, financial condition and results of operations could be adversely affected.

Our business depends on the interoperability of our solutions across third-party platforms, operating systems, and applications, and on our ability to ensure our platform and solutions operate effectively on those platforms. If we are not able to integrate our solutions with third-party platforms in a timely manner, our business may be harmed.

One of the most important features of our platform and solutions is broad interoperability with a range of diverse devices, operating systems and third-party applications. Our customers rely on our solutions to create and simultaneously deploy content to a variety of third-party platforms. Similarly, we and our customers also rely on our solutions' interoperability with third-party platforms in order to deliver services. Currently, we support and have strategic partnerships with over 20 such platforms. Third-party platforms are constantly evolving, and we may not be able to modify our solutions to assure compatibility with that of other third parties following development changes within a timely manner. For example, third-party platforms frequently deploy updates to their hardware or software and modify their system


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requirements. The success of our business depends on our ability to incorporate these updates to third-party licensed software into our technology, effectively respond to changes to device and operating system platform requirements, and maintain our relationships with third-party platforms. Our success also depends on our ability to simultaneously manage solutions on multiple platforms and our ability to effectively deploy our solutions to an increasing number of new platforms. Given the number of platforms we support, it can be difficult to keep pace with the number of third-party updates that are required in order to provide the interoperability our customers demand. If we fail to effectively respond to changes or updates to third-party platforms that we support, our business, financial condition, and results of operations could be harmed.

We rely upon third-party data centers and providers of cloud-based infrastructure to host our platform. Any disruption in the operations of these third-party providers, limitations on capacity or interference with our use could adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

We currently serve our users from co-located data centers in the U.S. We also use various third-party cloud hosting providers such as Google Cloud, AWS and Tencent to provide cloud infrastructure for our platform. Our Create Solutions and Grow Solutions rely on the operations of this infrastructure. Customers need to be able to access our platform at any time, without interruption or degradation of performance, and we provide some customers with service-level commitments with respect to uptime. In addition, our Grow Solutions and enterprise game server hosting depend on the ability of these data centers and cloud infrastructure to allow for our customers' configuration, architecture, features and interconnection specifications and to secure the information stored in these data centers. Any limitation on the capacity of our data centers or cloud infrastructure could impede our ability to onboard new customers or expand the usage of our existing customers, host our solutions or serve our customers, which could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations. In addition, any incident affecting our data centers or cloud infrastructure that may be caused by cyber-attacks, natural disasters, fire, flood, severe storm, earthquake, power loss, outbreaks of contagious diseases, telecommunications failures, terrorist or other attacks and other similar events beyond our control could negatively affect the cloud-based portion of our platform. A prolonged service disruption affecting our data centers or cloud-based services for any of the foregoing reasons would negatively impact our ability to serve our customers and could damage our reputation with current and potential customers, expose us to liability, cause us to lose customers or otherwise harm our business. We may also incur significant costs for using alternative providers or taking other actions in preparation for, or in response to, events that damage the third-party hosting services we use.

In the event that our service agreements relating to our data centers or cloud infrastructure are terminated, or there is a lapse of service, elimination of services or features that we utilize, interruption of internet service provider connectivity or damage to such facilities, we could experience interruptions in access to our platform, loss of revenue from revenue-share and consumption-based solutions, as well as significant delays and additional expense in arranging or creating new facilities and services or re-architecting our platform for deployment on a different data center provider or cloud infrastructure service provider, which could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Any failure to obtain, maintain, protect or enforce our intellectual property and proprietary rights could impair our ability to protect our proprietary technology and our brand.

Our success depends to a significant degree on our ability to obtain, maintain, protect and enforce our intellectual property rights, including our proprietary technology, know-how and our brand. The steps we take to obtain, maintain, protect and enforce our intellectual property rights may be inadequate. We will not be able to protect our intellectual property rights if we are unable to enforce our rights or if we do not detect unauthorized use of our intellectual property rights. If we fail to protect our intellectual property rights adequately, or fail to continuously innovate and advance our technology, our competitors could gain access to our proprietary technology and develop and commercialize substantially identical products, services or technologies. In addition, defending our intellectual property rights might entail significant expense. Any patents, trademarks or other intellectual property rights that we have or may obtain may be


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challenged or circumvented by others or invalidated or held unenforceable through administrative processes. In addition, we cannot assure you that our patent applications will result in issued patents, and we may be unable to obtain or maintain patent protection for our technology. In addition, any patents issued from pending or future patent applications or licensed to us in the future may not provide us with competitive advantages, or may be successfully challenged by third parties. Furthermore, legal standards relating to the validity, enforceability and scope of protection of intellectual property rights are uncertain. Despite our precautions, it may be possible for unauthorized third parties to copy our solutions and use information that we regard as proprietary to create products that compete with ours. Patent, trademark, copyright and trade secret protection may not be available to us in every country in which our solutions are available. The value of our intellectual property could diminish if others assert rights in or ownership of our trademarks and other intellectual property rights, or trademarks that are similar to our trademarks. We may be unable to successfully resolve these types of conflicts to our satisfaction. In some cases, litigation or other actions may be necessary to protect or enforce our trademarks and other intellectual property rights. Furthermore, third parties may assert intellectual property claims against us, and we may be subject to liability, required to enter into costly license agreements, required to rebrand our solutions or prevented from selling some of our solutions if third parties successfully oppose or challenge our trademarks or successfully claim that we infringe, misappropriate or otherwise violate their trademarks or other intellectual property rights. In addition, the laws of some foreign countries may not be as protective of intellectual property rights as those in the U.S., and mechanisms for enforcement of intellectual property rights may be inadequate. As we expand our global activities, our exposure to unauthorized copying and use of our platform and proprietary information will likely increase. Moreover, policing unauthorized use of our technologies, trade secrets and intellectual property may be difficult, expensive and time-consuming, particularly in foreign countries where the laws may not be as protective of intellectual property rights as those in the U.S. and where mechanisms for enforcement of intellectual property rights may be weak. Accordingly, despite our efforts, we may be unable to prevent third parties from infringing upon, misappropriating or otherwise violating our intellectual property rights.

We enter into confidentiality and invention assignment agreements with our employees and consultants and enter into confidentiality agreements with other third parties, including suppliers and other partners. However, we cannot guarantee that we have entered into such agreements with each party that has or may have had access to our proprietary information, know-how and trade secrets or that has or may have developed intellectual property in connection with their engagement with us. Moreover, we cannot assure you that these agreements will be effective in controlling access to, distribution, use, misuse, misappropriation, reverse engineering or disclosure of our proprietary information, know-how and trade secrets. Further, these agreements may not prevent our competitors from independently developing technologies that are substantially equivalent or superior to our platform. These agreements may be breached, and we may not have adequate remedies for any such breach.

In order to protect our intellectual property rights, we may be required to spend significant resources to monitor and protect our intellectual property rights. Litigation may be necessary in the future to enforce our intellectual property rights, such as rights under our software licenses, and to protect our trade secrets. Litigation brought to protect and enforce our intellectual property rights could be costly, time-consuming and distracting to management, and could result in the impairment or loss of portions of our intellectual property. Further, our efforts to enforce our intellectual property rights may be met with defenses, counterclaims and countersuits attacking the validity and enforceability of our intellectual property rights, and if such defenses, counterclaims or countersuits are successful, we could lose valuable intellectual property rights. Our inability to enforce our unique licensing structure, including financial eligibility tiers, and our inability to protect our proprietary technology against unauthorized copying or use, including circumvention of licensing or usage restrictions as well as any costly litigation or diversion of our management's attention and resources, could delay further sales or the implementation of our solutions, impair the functionality of our platform, delay introductions of new solutions, result in our substituting inferior or more costly technologies into our offerings, or injure our reputation.

We license and make available software to customers. Although those customers are restricted in the manner in which they can use and share our software, we cannot assure you that unauthorized use or


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copying of our software will not occur. We rely on periodic significant updates to our software to encourage our customers to access our software through us on a paying or, for qualified users, non-paying, basis. However, we cannot assure you that this strategy will be effective in ensuring that users are not circumventing licensing or usage restrictions or otherwise misusing or accessing our software on an unauthorized basis.

Our ability to acquire and maintain licenses to intellectual property may affect our revenue and profitability. These licenses may become more expensive and increase our costs.

While most of the intellectual property we use is created by us, we have also acquired rights to proprietary intellectual property that provide key features and functionality in our solutions. We have also obtained rights to use intellectual property through licenses and service agreements with third parties.

Proprietary licenses typically limit our use of intellectual property to specific uses and for specific time periods. If we are unable to maintain these licenses or obtain additional licenses on reasonable economic terms or with significant commercial value, our revenue and profitability may be adversely impacted. These licenses may become more expensive and increase the advances, guarantees and royalties that we may pay to the licensor, which could significantly increase our costs and adversely affect our profitability.

We have been and may in the future become subject to intellectual property disputes, which are costly and may subject us to significant liability and increased costs of doing business.

We have faced and may in the future, face intellectual property disputes. Such disputes and intellectual property litigation can be time-consuming and expensive to resolve and they divert management's time and attention. Companies in the internet, technology and gaming industries own large numbers of patents, copyrights, trademarks, domain names and trade secrets and frequently enter into litigation based on allegations of infringement, misappropriation or other violations of intellectual property or other rights. As we face increasing competition and gain a higher profile, the possibility of intellectual property rights and other claims against us grows. Our technologies may not be able to withstand any third-party claims against their use. In addition, many companies have the capability to dedicate substantially greater resources to enforce their intellectual property rights and to defend against claims that may be brought against them. Any litigation may also involve patent holding companies or other adverse patent owners that have no relevant product revenue, and therefore, our patents and patent applications may provide little or no deterrence as we would not be able to assert them against such entities or individuals. If a third party is able to obtain an injunction as a remedy for infringement of third-party intellectual property rights and if we cannot license or develop alternative technology, we may be forced to limit or stop sales of our solutions or cease business activities related to such intellectual property. In addition, we may need to settle litigation and disputes on terms that are unfavorable to us. Although we carry general liability insurance and patent infringement insurance, our insurance may not cover potential claims of this type or may not be adequate to indemnify us for all liability that may be imposed. We cannot predict the outcome of lawsuits and cannot ensure that the results of any such actions will not have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition or results of operations. Any intellectual property claim asserted against us, or for which we are required to provide indemnification, may require us to do one or more of the following:

•cease selling or using solutions that incorporate the intellectual property rights that we allegedly infringe, misappropriate or violate;

•make substantial payments for legal fees, settlement payments or other costs or damages;

•obtain a license, which may not be available on reasonable terms or at all, to sell or use the relevant technology; or

•redesign or rebrand the allegedly infringing solutions to avoid infringement, misappropriation or violation, which could be costly, time-consuming or impossible.

Even if the claims do not result in litigation or are resolved in our favor, there could be public announcements of the results of hearings, motions or other interim proceedings or developments and if


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securities analysts or investors perceive these results to be negative, it could have a substantial adverse effect on the price of our common stock. We expect that the occurrence of infringement claims is likely to grow as the market for our solutions grows. Accordingly, our exposure to damages resulting from infringement claims could increase, and this could further exhaust our financial and management resources.

We use open source software in our solutions, which could negatively affect our ability to sell our services or subject us to litigation or other actions.

We use open source software in our solutions, and we expect to continue to incorporate open source software in our solutions in the future. Few of the licenses applicable to open source software have been interpreted by courts, and these licenses could be construed in a manner that could impose unanticipated conditions or restrictions on our ability to commercialize our products. Moreover, we cannot ensure that we have not incorporated open source software in our software in a manner that is inconsistent with the terms of the applicable license. Depending on the terms of certain of these licenses, we may be subject to certain requirements, including that we make source code available for modifications or derivative works we create based upon, incorporating or using the open source software and that we license such modifications or derivative works under the terms of applicable open source licenses. If an author or other third party that distributes such open source software were to allege that we had not complied with the conditions of one or more of these licenses, we could be required to incur significant legal expenses defending against such allegations and could be subject to significant damages, enjoined from the sale of our solutions that contained the open source software and required to comply with onerous conditions or restrictions on these solutions, which could disrupt the distribution and sale of these solutions. From time to time, there have been claims challenging the ownership rights in open source software against companies that incorporate it into their products, and the licensors of such open source software provide no warranties or indemnities with respect to such claims. As a result, we and our customers could be subject to lawsuits by parties claiming ownership of what we believe to be open source software. Litigation could be costly for us to defend, or require us to devote additional research and development resources to change our solutions, either of which could harm our business. In addition, although we employ open source software license screening measures, if we were to combine our proprietary software solutions with certain open source software in a particular manner we could, under certain open source licenses, be required to release the source code of our proprietary software solutions. Some open source projects have known vulnerabilities and architectural instabilities and are provided on an "as-is" basis which, if not properly addressed, could negatively affect the performance of our solution. If we inappropriately use or incorporate open source software subject to certain types of open source licenses that challenge the proprietary nature of our solutions, we may be required to re-engineer such solutions, discontinue the sale of such solutions or take other remedial actions.

Risks Related to Our Management, Talent, and Brand

Attracting, managing, and retaining our talent is critical to our success.

Our success and future growth depend upon the continued services of our management team and other key employees. Changes in our management team could disrupt our business. For example, in the second quarter of 2024 we appointed Matthew Bromberg as our President and Chief Executive Officer and to our board of directors, effective May 15, 2024. Mr. Bromberg is replacing James Whitehurst, who served as Interim Chief Executive Officer from October 2023. Mr. Whitehurst will remain employed by us and as a member of our board of directors. Any inability to successfully transition the Chief Executive Officer role or retain Mr. Bromberg or other senior executives could disrupt our operations and harm our business. We also are dependent on the continued service of our existing software engineers because of the complexity of our solutions. The loss of one or more members of our senior management or key employees could harm our business, and we may not be able to find adequate replacements.

In addition, we must attract and retain highly qualified personnel. We have had difficulty quickly filling certain open positions in the past, and despite recently reevaluating our headcount needs, slowing down our hiring efforts, and reducing our headcount, we expect to have significant future hiring needs.


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Competition is intense, particularly in the San Francisco Bay Area, Tel Aviv, and other areas in which we have offices, for engineers experienced in designing and developing cloud-based platform solutions, data scientists with experience in machine learning and artificial intelligence and experienced sales professionals. As a global workforce, we must align our company values across employees from different cultures and value systems. Failure to successfully create a cohesive company culture could harm our ability to attract and retain talent.

In addition, prospective and existing employees often consider the value of the equity awards they receive in connection with their employment. If the perceived or actual value of our equity awards declines, it may not be as effective an incentive for attracting, retaining, and motivating employees. New hires require training and take time before they achieve full productivity. New employees may not become as productive as we expect, and we may be unable to hire or retain sufficient numbers of qualified individuals. If we fail to attract new personnel or fail to retain and motivate our current personnel, our business and future growth prospects would be harmed.

If we fail to maintain and enhance our brand, our ability to expand our customer base will be impaired and our business, financial condition, and results of operations may suffer.

We believe that maintaining and enhancing our brand reputation is important to support the marketing and sale of our platform to new and existing customers, and grow our strategic partnerships. We also believe that the importance of brand recognition will increase as competition in our market increases. Successfully maintaining and enhancing our brand will depend largely on the effectiveness of our marketing efforts, our ability to offer a reliable platform that continues to meet the needs and preferences of our customers at competitive prices, our ability to maintain our customers' trust, our ability to continue to develop new functionality to address a wide variety of use cases and our ability to successfully differentiate our platform from competitors. We have in the past and may in the future experience public scrutiny of our business decisions and announcements. For example, in the third quarter of 2023 we announced changes to our pricing model, which caused public scrutiny of our decision making, announcement and terms of service, all of which harmed our brand reputation and negatively impacted our business.

Our ability to manage potential social and ethical issues arising out of emerging technologies including artificial intelligence could impact our brand and customer adoption of our solutions. Our brand promotion activities may not generate customer awareness or yield increased revenue, and even if they do, any increased revenue may not offset the expenses we incur in building our brand. If we fail to successfully promote and maintain our brand, our business, financial condition and results of operations may suffer.

Risks Related to Laws, Regulations, and the Global Economy

We are subject to rapidly changing and increasingly stringent laws, regulations, and industry standards relating to privacy, data security, and the protection of children. The restrictions and costs imposed by these requirements, or our actual or perceived failure to comply with them, could harm our business.

Our offerings, and particularly our Grow Solutions, rely on our ability to process sensitive, proprietary, confidential, and regulated information, including personal information, that belongs to us or that we handle on behalf of others such as our customers. These activities are regulated by an increasing number of various federal, state, local, and foreign privacy and data security laws and regulations. These have become increasingly stringent and continue to evolve, requiring significant resources for compliance. Any actual or perceived non-compliance could result in litigation, regulatory proceedings, fines and civil or criminal penalties, obligations to cease offerings or to substantially modify our Grow Solutions in ways that make them less effective in certain jurisdictions, negative publicity, and reduced overall demand for our platform or reduced returns on our Grow Solutions.

Most jurisdictions in which we or our customers operate have adopted privacy and data security laws. For example, European privacy and data security laws, including the European Union's General


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Data Protection Regulation ("EU GDPR"), the European Union's Digital Services Act, the United Kingdom's GDPR ("UK GDPR") and others, impose significant and complex burdens on processing personal information and provide for robust regulatory enforcement and significant penalties for noncompliance. Regulators, courts, and platforms have increasingly interpreted the GDPR and other privacy and data security laws as requiring affirmative opt-in consent to use cookies and similar technologies for personalization, advertising, and analytics. Proposed regulations could also impose onerous obligations related to AI, the use of cookies and other online tracking technologies on which our offerings rely, and online direct marketing. Any of these could increase our exposure to regulatory enforcement actions, increase our compliance costs, and adversely affect our business.

In addition, certain jurisdictions have enacted laws that may require data localization and have imposed requirements for cross-border transfers of personal information. For example, the cross-border transfer landscape in Europe remains unstable despite an agreement between the U.S. and Europe, and other countries outside of Europe have enacted or are considering enacting cross border data transfer restrictions and laws requiring data residency. The EU GDPR, UK GDPR, and other European privacy and data security laws generally prohibit the transfer of personal information to countries outside the European Economic Area ("EEA"), such as the U.S, that are not considered by some authorities as generally providing an adequate level of data protection. The various mechanisms that may be used for compliance with these data localization and other requirements are subject to legal challenges, and the future of cross-border data transfers remains uncertain in light of the evolving regulatory landscape, which could increase the cost and complexity of doing business. If we cannot maintain a valid mechanism for cross-border personal information transfers, we may face increased exposure to regulatory actions, litigation, penalties, data processing restrictions or bans, and reduced demand for our services. Loss of our ability to import personal information from Europe and elsewhere may also require us to increase our data processing capabilities outside the U.S. at significant expense.

Similarly, China's Personal Information Protection Law and Data Security Law, Canada's Personal Information Protection and Electronic Documents Act, related provincial laws, and Canada's Anti-Spam Legislation, Israel's Privacy Protection Law 5741-1981, and new and emerging privacy and data security regimes in other jurisdictions in which we operate, such as China, Canada and Israel, broadly regulate processing of personal information and impose comprehensive compliance obligations and penalties.

In the U.S., federal, state, and local governments have enacted numerous privacy and data security laws, including data breach notification laws, personal information privacy laws, health information privacy laws, and consumer protection laws. For example, the Telephone Consumer Protection Act ("TCPA") imposes various consumer consent requirements and other restrictions on certain telemarketing activity and other communications with consumers by phone, fax or text message. TCPA violations can result in significant financial penalties, including penalties or criminal fines imposed by the Federal Communications Commission or fines of up to $1,500 per violation imposed through private litigation or by state authorities. Some states have enacted laws similar to the TCPA, with similar potential exposure. In addition, the California Consumer Privacy Act ("CCPA"), which applies to personal information of consumers, business representatives, employees, and other individuals with whom we interact, imposes a number of obligations on covered businesses, including requirements to respond to requests from California residents related to their personal information. The CCPA contains significant potential penalties for noncompliance (up to $7,500 per violation). Additionally, the California Privacy Rights Act expanded the CCPA's requirements, including by adding new rights and establishing a new regulatory agency to implement and enforce the law. Other states are considering or have also enacted privacy and data security laws, which increase compliance costs and resources. Our actual or perceived noncompliance with these and other emerging state laws could harm our business.

We also use AI, including generative AI, and ML technologies in our products and services. The development and use of AI/ML present various privacy and data security risks that may impact our business. AI/ML are subject to privacy and data security laws, as well as increasing regulation and scrutiny. Several jurisdictions worldwide, including Europe and certain U.S. states, have proposed or enacted laws governing AI/ML. For example, the European Union is deliberating over legislation that would impose obligations on various actors in the AI value chain, and we expect other jurisdictions will


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adopt similar laws. Additionally, certain privacy and data security laws extend rights to consumers and regulate automated decision making in ways that may be incompatible with our use of AI/ML. These obligations may make it harder for us to conduct our business using AI/ML, lead to regulatory fines or penalties, require us to change our business practices, retrain our AI/ML, delete our models, or prevent or limit our use of AI/ML. For example, the FTC has required other companies to turn over (or disgorge) valuable insights or trainings generated through the use of AI/ML, as well as to delete algorithms and models derived from or trained on allegedly unlawfully collected data, where it has alleged the company has violated privacy and consumer protection laws. If we cannot use AI/ML or that use is restricted, our business may be less efficient, and we may be at a competitive disadvantage.

In addition, some of our solutions employ technology to help creators build augmented and virtual reality applications, and their use to recognize and collect information about individuals could be perceived as subject to the emerging regulations relating to biometric privacy laws. Actual or perceived noncompliance may expose us to litigation and regulatory risks. There are emerging cases applying existing privacy and data security laws in the U.S., such as the federal and state wiretapping laws, in novel and potentially impactful ways that may affect our ability to offer certain solutions. The outcome of these cases could cause us to make changes to our solutions to avoid costly litigation, government enforcement actions, damages, and penalties under these laws, which could adversely affect our business, results of operations, and our financial condition.

Another area of increasing focus by regulators is children's privacy. Enforcement of longstanding privacy laws, such as the Children's Online Privacy Protection Act ("COPPA"), has increased and may continue under the new generation of privacy and data security laws and regulations, such as the GDPR, CCPA, the UK's Information Commissioner's Office Age-Appropriate Design Code ("Children's Code"), and the California Age-Appropriate Design Code Act ("Design Code"). European regulators are expected to introduce guidance for age appropriate design across all countries implementing the GDPR as well. We have previously been subject to claims related to the privacy of minors predicated on COPPA and other privacy and data security laws, and we may in the future face claims under COPPA, the GDPR, the Children's Code, the CCPA, the Design Code, or other laws relating to children's privacy and data security.

In addition to increasing government regulation, we have obligations relating to privacy and data security under our published policies and documentation, contracts and applicable industry standards. For example, we may also be subject to the Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard ("PCI DSS"), which requires companies to adopt certain measures to ensure the security of cardholder information, including using and maintaining firewalls, adopting proper password protections for certain devices and software, and restricting data access. Noncompliance with PCI-DSS can result in penalties ranging from $5,000 to $100,000 per month by credit card companies, litigation, damage to our reputation, and revenue losses.

Our business is materially reliant on revenue from behavioral, interest-based, or tailored advertising (collectively, "targeted advertising"), but delivering targeted advertisements is becoming increasingly difficult due to changes to our ability to gather information about user behavior through third party platforms, new laws and regulations, and consumer resistance. Major technology platforms on which we rely to gather information about consumers have adopted or proposed measures to provide consumers with additional control over the collection, use, and sharing of their personal data for targeted advertising purposes. For example, Apple allows users to easily opt-out of activity tracking across devices, which has impacted and may continue to impact our business. Similarly, Google announced similar plans to adopt additional privacy controls on its Android devices to allow users to limit sharing of their data with third parties and reduce cross-device tracking for advertising purposes. Additionally, Google has announced that it intends to phase out third-party cookies in its Chrome browser, which could make it more difficult for us to target advertisements. Other browsers, such as Firefox and Safari, have already adopted similar measures.

In addition, legislative proposals and present laws and regulations regulate the use of cookies and other tracking technologies, electronic communications, and marketing. For example, in the EEA and the


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U.K., regulators are increasingly focusing on compliance with requirements related to the targeted advertising ecosystem. European regulators have issued significant fines in certain circumstances where the regulators alleged that appropriate consent was not obtained in connection with targeted advertising activities. It is anticipated that the ePrivacy Regulation and national implementing laws will replace the current national laws implementing the ePrivacy Directive, which may require us to make significant operational changes. In the U.S., state privacy laws, including the CCPA, grant residents the right to opt-out of most forms of targeted advertising (or to opt-in, in the case of residents under age 16). Some of the laws also require covered businesses to honor certain user-enabled browser signals, such as the Global Privacy Control. Partially as a result of these developments, individuals are becoming increasingly resistant to the collection, use, and sharing of personal data to deliver targeted advertising. Individuals are now more aware of options related to consent, "do not track" mechanisms (such as browser signals from the Global Privacy Control), and "ad-blocking" software to prevent the collection of their personal information for targeted advertising purposes. As a result, we may be required to change the way we market our offerings, and any of these developments or changes could materially impair our ability to reach new or existing customers or otherwise negatively affect our operations.

Although we endeavor to comply with these obligations, we may have actually or allegedly failed to do so or have otherwise processed data improperly. The requirements imposed by rapidly changing privacy and data security laws, platform providers, and application stores require us to dedicate significant resources to compliance, and could also limit our ability to operate, harm our reputation, reduce demand for our solutions, and subject us to regulatory enforcement action, private litigation, and other liability. Such occurrences could adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

Our customers have sought increasingly stringent contractual obligations regarding privacy and data security. These contractual obligations, and our efforts to comply with them, could be costly and harm our business.

In response to the increasing restrictions of global privacy and data security laws, our customers have sought and may continue to seek increasingly stringent contractual assurances regarding our handling of personal information and may adopt internal policies that limit their use of our Grow Solutions. In addition, privacy advocates and industry groups have regularly proposed, and may propose in the future, self-regulatory standards by which we are legally or contractually bound. If we fail to comply with these contractual obligations or standards, we may face substantial contractual liability or fines.

Companies and governmental agencies may restrict access to our platforms, website, mobile applications, application stores or the Internet generally, which could lead to the loss or slower growth of our customers' end users and negatively impact our operations.

Governmental agencies in any of the countries in which we, our customers or end users are located, such as China, could block access to or require a license for our platform, our website, mobile applications, operating system platforms, application stores or the Internet generally for a number of reasons, including security, confidentiality or regulatory concerns. If companies or governmental entities block, limit or otherwise restrict customers from accessing our platform, or end users from playing games developed or operated on our platform, our business could be harmed.

Further, some countries may block data transfers as a result of businesses collecting data within a country's borders as part of broader privacy-related concerns, which could affect our business. For example, the Indian government blocked the distribution of several applications of Chinese origin in the interest of sovereignty and integrity of India, defense of India, and security of the Indian state. In undertaking this action, the Indian government partially blocked some of Unity's services. While our services were ultimately unblocked in that instance, if other countries block our data transfers or services or take similar action against us, our customers, our services, and our business could be harmed.

Adverse changes in the geopolitical relationship between the U.S. and China or changes in China's economic and regulatory landscape could have an adverse effect on business conditions.

Because our continued business operations in China, including our joint venture in China, constitute a significant part of our current and future revenue growth plans, adverse changes in economic and


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political policies relating to China could have an adverse effect on our business. An escalation of recent trade tensions between the U.S. and China has resulted in trade restrictions that harm our ability to participate in Chinese markets. For example, U.S. export control regulations relating to China have created restrictions with respect to the sale of our solutions to various Chinese customers and further changes to regulations could result in additional restrictions. Additionally, proposed restrictions in the U.S. on outbound investment may impair our ability to support our subsidiaries in China, including our majority owned joint venture. China also regulates the gaming industry, including on mobile and other games which has impacted our growth rates and any changes by the Chinese government with respect to the gaming industry could have a negative impact on our business. Sustained uncertainty about, or worsening of, current global economic conditions and further escalation of trade tensions between the U.S. and its trading partners, especially China, could result in a global economic slowdown and long-term changes to global trade, including retaliatory trade restrictions that further restrict our ability to operate in China.

Any actions and policies adopted by the government of the People's Republic of China ("PRC"), particularly with regard to intellectual property rights and existing cloud-based and Internet restrictions for non-Chinese businesses, or any prolonged slowdown in China's economy, could have an adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition.

In particular, PRC laws and regulations impose restrictions on foreign ownership of companies that engage in internet, market survey, game publishing, cloud-based services and other related businesses from time to time. Accordingly, our ability to offer game publishing and cloud-based services in China depends on our ability to implement and maintain structures that are acceptable under PRC laws. Our failure to do so could harm our business, financial condition, and operating results.

We are subject to anti-corruption, anti-bribery, anti-money laundering, and similar laws, and non-compliance with such laws can subject us to criminal or civil liability and harm our business, financial condition and results of operations.

We are subject to the FCPA, U.S. domestic bribery laws, the U.K. Bribery Act and other anti-corruption and anti-money laundering laws in the countries in which we conduct activities. As we increase our global sales and business to the public sector and further develop our reseller channel, we may engage with business partners and third-party intermediaries to market our solutions and obtain necessary permits, licenses and other regulatory approvals. In addition, we or our third-party intermediaries may have direct or indirect interactions with officials and employees of government agencies or state-owned or affiliated entities. We can be held liable for the corrupt or other illegal activities of these third-party intermediaries, our employees, representatives, contractors, partners and agents, even if we do not authorize such activities.

Compliance with such laws is costly, we cannot assure you that none of our employees and agents will take actions in violation of our policies and applicable law, for which we may be ultimately held responsible.

In addition, noncompliance with these laws could subject us to whistleblower complaints, investigations, civil or criminal penalties, reputational harm, and adverse media coverage any of which could harm our business.

We are subject to governmental export and import controls and economic sanctions laws that could impair our ability to compete in global markets or subject us to liability if we violate the controls.

Various countries in which we operate regulate the import and export of certain encryption and other technology, including import and export licensing requirements, and have enacted laws that could limit our ability to distribute our solutions or could limit our customers' ability to implement our solutions in those countries. Our products and services are subject to export controls and economic sanctions laws and regulations of the United States and potentially other jurisdictions in which we have operations. Compliance with such laws and regulations can be time-consuming and may result in the delay or loss of sales opportunities.


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We previously inadvertently provided products and services to some customers in apparent violation of U.S. export control and economic sanctions laws. After voluntarily disclosing such noncompliance to relevant U.S. authorities, we received a warning letter, with no imposition of monetary fines or penalties. In the future, if we, or our resellers, are found to be in violation of U.S. sanctions or export control regulations, significant fines or penalties and possible incarceration for responsible employees and managers, as well as reputational harm and loss of business, could result.

Any change in export or import regulations--including proposed additional regulation of encryption technology--economic sanctions or related legislation, increased export and import controls, or change in the countries, governments, persons or technologies targeted by such regulations, could result in decreased use of our platform by, or in our decreased ability to export or sell our solutions to, existing or potential customers with global operations which would adversely affect our business, results of operations, and growth prospects.

Sales to government entities and highly regulated organizations are subject to a number of challenges and risks.

We sell our offerings, particularly within our Create Solutions, to a variety of domestic and foreign governmental agency customers, as well as to customers in highly regulated industries. Selling to such entities can be highly competitive, expensive and time-consuming, often requiring significant upfront time and expense without any assurance that these efforts will generate a sale. Government demand and payment for solutions are affected by public sector budgetary cycles and funding authorizations, funding reductions, shutdowns by the federal government or other delays may adversely affect public sector demand that could develop for our solutions.

Further, these entities may demand or require contract terms and product features or certifications that differ from our standard arrangements and are less favorable or more difficult to maintain than our standard terms or product features. If we are unable to agree to contracting requirements of governmental entities, we may be limited in our ability to sell our solutions to these customers. Such entities may have statutory, contractual or other legal rights to terminate contracts with us or our partners for convenience or for other reasons. Any such termination may adversely affect our ability to provide our platform to other government customers and could adversely impact our reputation, business, financial condition and results of operations.

We could be required to collect additional sales, value added or similar taxes or be subject to other tax liabilities that may increase the costs our clients would have to pay for our solutions and adversely affect our results of operations.

We collect sales, value added or similar indirect taxes in a number of jurisdictions. An increasing number of states have considered or adopted laws that attempt to impose sales tax collection obligations on out-of-state companies. Similarly, many foreign jurisdictions have considered or adopted laws that impose taxes on companies despite not having a physical presence in the foreign jurisdiction, including digital service taxes. A successful assertion by one or more states, or foreign jurisdictions, requiring us to collect taxes where we presently do not do so, or to collect more taxes in a jurisdiction in which we currently do collect some taxes, could result in substantial tax liabilities, including taxes on past sales, as well as penalties and interest. This could also create additional administrative burdens for us, put us at a competitive disadvantage if they do not impose similar obligations on our competitors, and decrease our future sales, which could harm our business and results of operations.

Changes in our effective tax rate or tax liability may have an adverse effect on our results of operations.

Our effective tax rate could increase due to several factors, including:

•changes in the relative amounts of income before taxes in the various jurisdictions in which we operate that have differing statutory tax rates;


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•changes in tax laws, tax treaties, and regulations or the interpretation of them, including Pillar One and Pillar Two related taxes as proposed by the OECD and which are being implemented by many jurisdictions in which we operate beginning in 2024. At this time, we do not expect Pillar 2 legislation to have a material impact to our consolidated financial statement;

•changes to our assessment of our ability to realize our deferred tax assets that are based on estimates of our future results, the feasibility of possible tax planning strategies, and the economic and political environments in which we do business;

•the outcome of current and future tax audits, examinations or administrative appeals; and

•limitations or adverse findings regarding our ability to do business in some jurisdictions.

Any of these developments could adversely affect our results of operations.

Uncertainties in the interpretation and application of existing, new and proposed tax laws and regulations could materially affect our tax obligations and effective tax rate.

The tax regimes to which we are subject or under which we operate are unsettled and may be subject to significant change. The issuance of additional guidance related to existing or future tax laws, or changes to tax laws, tax treaties or regulations proposed or implemented by the current or a future U.S. presidential administration, Congress, or taxing authorities in other jurisdictions, including jurisdictions outside of the United States, could materially affect our tax obligations and effective tax rate. To the extent that such changes have a negative impact on us, including as a result of related uncertainty, these changes may adversely impact our business, financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows.

The amount of taxes we pay in different jurisdictions depends on the application of the tax laws of various jurisdictions, including the United States, to our international business activities, the relative amounts of income before taxes in the various jurisdictions in which we operate, new or revised tax laws, or interpretations of tax laws and policies, the outcome of current and future tax audits, examinations or administrative appeals, our ability to realize our deferred tax assets, and our ability to operate our business in a manner consistent with our corporate structure and intercompany arrangements.

Our ability to use our net operating losses, credits, and certain other tax attributes to offset future taxable income or taxes may be subject to certain limitations.

As of December 31, 2023, we had net operating loss carryforwards for U.S. federal, state, and foreign purposes of $642 million, $398 million, and $936 million, respectively, which may be available to offset taxable income in the future, and portions of which expire in various years beginning in 2025. A lack of future taxable income would adversely affect our ability to utilize a portion of these NOLs before they expire. Under the current law, federal NOLs incurred in tax years beginning after December 31, 2017, may be carried forward indefinitely, but the deductibility of such federal NOLs, is limited to 80% of taxable income. In addition, under Sections 382 and 383 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the "Code"), a corporation that undergoes an "ownership change" (as defined under Section 382 of the Code and applicable Treasury Regulations) is subject to limitations on its ability to utilize its pre-change NOL carryforwards and certain other tax attributes to offset post-change taxable income or taxes. We may experience future ownership changes that could affect our ability to utilize our NOL carryforwards to offset our income. Furthermore, our ability to utilize NOL carryforwards of companies that we have acquired or may acquire in the future may be subject to limitations. In addition, at the state level, there may be periods during which the use of NOL carryforwards is suspended or otherwise limited, which could accelerate or permanently increase state taxes owed. For these reasons, we may not be able to utilize all of the NOLs, even if we attain profitability, which could potentially result in increased future tax liability to us and could adversely affect our operating results and financial condition.


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The tax benefits that are available to us require us to continue to meet various conditions and may be terminated or reduced in the future, which could increase our costs and taxes.

We believe that our main Israeli subsidiaries acquired as part of the ironSource Merger are eligible for certain tax benefits provided to a "Preferred Technological Enterprise" under the Israeli Law for the Encouragement of Capital Investments, 5719-1959 (the "Investment Law"). In order to remain eligible for the tax benefits provided to a "Preferred Technological Enterprise" we must continue to meet certain conditions stipulated in the Investment Law and its regulations, as amended. If these tax benefits are reduced, canceled or discontinued, our Israeli taxable income from the Preferred Technological Enterprise would be subject to a higher corporate tax rate in Israel. The standard corporate tax rate for Israeli companies has been 23% since 2018.

Any legal proceedings, claims against us, or other disputes could be costly and time-consuming to defend and could harm our reputation regardless of the outcome.

We are and may in the future become subject to legal proceedings and claims that arise from time to time, such as claims brought by our customers in connection with commercial disputes, employment claims made by our current or former employees, or securities class action litigation suits. For example, we are currently defending against a putative securities class action complaint, and related derivative complaints, alleging that we or our executives made false or misleading statements and/or failed to disclose issues with our product platform.

Any litigation or dispute, whether meritorious or not, and whether or not covered by insurance, could harm our reputation, will increase our costs and may divert management's attention, time and resources, which may in turn harm our business, financial condition and results of operations.

We are subject to laws and regulations worldwide, many of which are unsettled and still developing and which could increase our costs or adversely affect our business.

We are subject to a variety of laws in the U.S. and abroad that affect our business, including state and federal laws regarding consumer protection, advertising, electronic marketing, protection of minors, AI, privacy and data security, data localization requirements, online services, anti-competition, labor, real estate, taxation, intellectual property ownership and infringement, export and national security, tariffs, anti-corruption and telecommunications, all of which are continuously evolving and developing, many of which are discussed in greater detail above. The scope and interpretation of the laws that are or may be applicable to us are often uncertain and may be conflicting, particularly laws outside the U.S., and compliance with laws, regulations and similar requirements may be burdensome and expensive. Laws and regulations may be inconsistent from jurisdiction to jurisdiction, which may increase the cost of compliance and doing business. Any such costs, which may rise in the future as a result of changes in these laws and regulations or in their interpretation, could make our platform less attractive to our customers or cause us to change or limit our ability to sell our platform. Our employees, contractors, or agents may violate such laws and regulations or our policies and procedures, which could harm our business.

For example, as a result of our Grow Solutions, we are potentially subject to a number of foreign and domestic laws and regulations that affect the offering of certain types of content, such as that which depicts violence, many of which are ambiguous, still evolving and could be interpreted in ways that could harm our business or expose us to liability. In addition, there are ongoing academic, political and regulatory discussions in various jurisdictions regarding whether certain game mechanisms, such as loot boxes, and game genres, such as social casino, rewarded gaming and gambling, should be subject to a higher level or different type of regulation than other game genres or mechanics to protect consumers, in particular minors and persons susceptible to addiction, and, if so, what such regulation should include. New regulation by the U.S. federal government and its agencies, such as the Federal Trade Commission ("FTC"), U.S. states and state agencies or foreign jurisdictions, which may vary significantly across jurisdictions, could require that certain game content be modified or removed from games, increase the costs of operating our customer's games, impact player engagement and thus the functionality and effectiveness of our Grow Solutions or otherwise harm our business performance. For example, one of


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our acquired products within our Grow Solutions, Tapjoy's Offerwall, is subject to certain obligations under a consent order which resulted from an FTC investigation. Noncompliance with this consent order, or other future orders, may result in the imposition of substantial fines, penalties and costs that would adversely impact our financial condition and operating results. It is difficult to predict how existing or new laws may be applied. If we become liable, directly or indirectly, under these laws or regulations, we could be harmed, and we may be forced to implement new measures to reduce our exposure to this liability. This may require us to expend substantial resources or to modify our Grow Solutions, which would harm our business, financial condition and results of operations. In addition, the increased attention focused upon liability issues as a result of lawsuits and legislative proposals could harm our reputation or otherwise impact the growth of our business. Any costs incurred as a result of this potential liability could harm our business, financial condition, or results of operations.

It is possible that a number of laws and regulations may be adopted or construed to apply to us or our customers in the U.S. and elsewhere that could restrict the online and mobile industries, including player privacy, advertising, taxation, content suitability, copyright, distribution, antitrust, and the use of artificial intelligence, and therefore our solutions or components may be deemed or perceived illegal or unfair practices. Furthermore, the growth and development of electronic commerce and virtual items may prompt calls for more stringent consumer protection laws that may impose additional burdens on companies such as us and our customers conducting business through the Internet and mobile devices. We anticipate that scrutiny and regulation of our industry will increase and we will be required to devote legal and other resources to addressing such regulation. For example, existing laws or new laws regarding the marketing or the use of in-app purchases or such enabling technology, labeling of free-to-play games or regulation of currency, banking institutions, unclaimed property or money transmission may be interpreted to cover games made with our solutions and the revenue that we receive from our Grow Solutions. If that were to occur, we may be required to seek licenses, authorizations or approvals from relevant regulators, the granting of which may be dependent on us meeting certain capital and other requirements and we may be subject to additional regulation and oversight, all of which could significantly increase our operating costs. Changes in current laws or regulations or the imposition of new laws and regulations in the U.S. or elsewhere regarding these activities may lessen the growth of mobile gaming and impair our business, financial condition or results of operations.

Risks Related to Our Convertible Notes

Our Notes and the issuance of shares of our common stock upon conversion of the Notes, if any, may impact our financial results, result in dilution to our stockholders, create downward pressure on the price of our common stock, and restrict our ability to raise additional capital or to engage in a beneficial takeover.

In November 2022, we issued $1.0 billion in aggregate principal amount of 2.0% convertible senior notes due 2027 (the "2027 Notes"), and in November 2021 we issued $1.7 billion in aggregate principal amount of 0% convertible senior notes due 2026 (the "2026 Notes," together with the 2027 Notes, the "Notes"). In March 2024, we repurchased approximately $480 million aggregate principal amount of our 2026 Notes in privately negotiated transactions with holders of the 2026 Notes and as of March 31, 2024, we had approximately $1.2 billion aggregate principal amounts of 2026 Notes outstanding. We are subject to a variety of risks related to the Notes, such as:

•servicing our debt requires a significant amount of cash, and we may not have sufficient cash flow from our business to pay our substantial debt, and our ability to make scheduled payments of the principal and interest, or to refinance or repurchase our Notes depends on our future performance, which is subject to economic, financial, competitive and other factors beyond our control;

•our ability to refinance or repurchase our indebtedness will depend on the capital markets and our financial condition at such time, and if we are unable to engage in any of these activities or engage in these activities on desirable terms, we may be unable to meet the obligations of our Notes;


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•if shares of our common stock are issued to the holders of the Notes upon conversion, there will be dilution to our stockholders' equity and the market price of our common stock may decrease due to the additional selling pressure in the market. Any such downward pressure on the price of our common stock could also encourage short sales by third parties, creating additional downward pressure on our share price;

•certain provisions in the indentures governing the Notes may delay or prevent an otherwise beneficial takeover attempt of us;

•we may from time to time seek to retire or purchase our outstanding debt, including the Notes, through cash purchases and/or exchanges for equity securities, in open market purchases, privately negotiated transactions or otherwise. Such repurchases or exchanges, if any, will depend on prevailing market conditions, our liquidity requirements, contractual restrictions, and other factors. The amounts involved in any such transactions, individually or in the aggregate, may be material. Further, any such purchases or exchanges may result in us acquiring and retiring a substantial amount of such indebtedness, which could impact the trading liquidity of such indebtedness; and

•the conditional conversion feature of the 2026 Notes, if triggered, and the conversion feature of the 2027 Notes may adversely affect our liquidity if we are required to settle a portion or all of our conversion obligation through the payment of cash.

The capped call transactions may affect the value of the 2026 Notes and our common stock.

In addition, in connection with the issuance of the 2026 Notes, we entered into capped call transactions (the "Capped Call Transactions") with certain of the initial purchasers of the 2026 Notes or affiliates thereof and other financial institutions (the "option counterparties"). The Capped Call Transactions cover, subject to customary adjustments, the number of shares of our common stock initially underlying the 2026 Notes. The Capped Call Transactions are expected generally to reduce the potential dilution to our common stock upon any conversion of 2026 Notes and/or offset any cash payments we are required to make in excess of the principal amount of converted 2026 Notes, as the case may be, with such reduction and/or offset subject to a cap. In connection with establishing their initial hedges of the Capped Call Transactions, the counterparties or their respective affiliates likely entered into various derivative transactions with respect to our common stock and/or purchased shares of our common stock concurrently with or shortly after the pricing of the 2026 Notes, including with certain investors in the 2026 Notes. The counterparties and/or their respective affiliates may modify their hedge positions by entering into or unwinding various derivatives with respect to our common stock and/or purchasing or selling our common stock or other securities of ours in secondary market transactions prior to the maturity of the 2026 Notes (and are likely to do so on each exercise date of the Capped Call Transactions or, to the extent we exercise the relevant election under the Capped Call Transactions, following any repurchase, redemption or conversion of the 2026 Notes). We cannot make any prediction as to the direction or magnitude of any potential effect that the transactions described above may have on the prices of the 2026 Notes or the shares of our common stock. Any of these activities could adversely affect the value of the 2026 Notes and our common stock.

The conditional conversion feature of the 2026 Notes, if triggered, and the conversion feature of the 2027 Notes may adversely affect our financial condition and operating results.

In the event the conditional conversion feature of the 2026 Notes is triggered, holders of the 2026 Notes will be entitled under the indenture governing the 2026 Notes to convert their 2026 Notes at any time during specified periods at their option. Holders of the 2027 Notes are entitled under the indenture governing the 2027 Notes to convert their 2027 Notes at any time prior to maturity. If one or more holders elect to convert their 2026 Notes, unless we elect to satisfy our conversion obligation by delivering solely shares of our common stock (other than paying cash in lieu of delivering any fractional share), we would be required to settle a portion or all of our conversion obligation through the payment of cash, which could adversely affect our liquidity. As of March 31, 2024, the 2026 Notes are not convertible at the option of the holder. In addition, even if holders do not elect to convert their 2026 Notes, we could be required under


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applicable accounting rules to classify or reclassify all or a portion of the outstanding principal of the 2026 Notes as a current rather than long-term liability, which would result in a material reduction of our net working capital.

We are subject to counterparty risk with respect to the Capped Call Transactions.

In addition, the option counterparties are financial institutions, and we will be subject to the risk that any or all of them might default under the Capped Call Transactions. Our exposure to the credit risk of the option counterparties will not be secured by any collateral. If an option counterparty becomes subject to insolvency proceedings, we will become an unsecured creditor in those proceedings with a claim equal to our exposure at that time under the Capped Call Transaction with such option counterparty. Our exposure will depend on many factors but, generally, an increase in our exposure will be correlated to an increase in the market price and in the volatility of our common stock. In addition, upon a default by an option counterparty, we may suffer more dilution than we currently anticipate with respect to our common stock. We can provide no assurances as to the financial stability or viability of the option counterparties.

Risks Related to Ownership of Our Common Stock

Our stock price has been and may continue to be volatile, and the value of our common stock may decline.

The market price of our common stock has been and may continue to be highly volatile and may fluctuate or decline substantially as a result of a variety of factors, including those discussed in the risk factors in this section, as well as variance in our financial performance from expectations of securities analysts, sales of shares of our common stock by us or our stockholders, sales of securities convertible into shares of our capital stock by us, the trading volume of our common stock, general economic and market conditions, and others not currently known to us or that we do not believe are material. Technology stocks have historically experienced high levels of volatility. In the past, companies who have experienced volatility in the market price of their securities have been subject to securities class action litigation. We have been, are, and may continue to be the target of this type of litigation in the future, which could result in substantial expenses and divert our management's attention.

Future sales of our common stock in the public market could cause the market price of our common stock to decline.

Sales of a substantial number of shares of our common stock in the public market or the perception that these sales might occur could depress the market price of our common stock and could impair our ability to raise capital through the sale of additional equity securities. We are unable to predict the timing of or the effect that future sales may have on the prevailing market price of our common stock.

Our share repurchase program, while intended to help offset dilution, may not achieve such goal and the amount of such repurchases may be impacted by new legislation.

The proceeds from the issuance and sale of the 2027 Notes (the "PIPE") have been and are expected to be continued to be used to partially fund the repurchase of up to $2.5 billion of shares of our common stock pursuant to our previously announced stock repurchase program, with the objective to offset potential dilution to our stockholders, including dilution as a result of the issuance of the ironSource Merger consideration. However, we are not obligated to repurchase any shares of our common stock and there is no assurance that we will do so on the timeline intended. As of March 31, 2024, $750 million remains available for future share repurchases under this program.

While we expect the share repurchases to be accretive to our earnings per share, there may be factors that will reduce the expected anti-dilutive effects of the potential repurchases. Although the 2027 Notes were priced at a premium to the market price of our common stock at the time of signing, and we intend to repurchase the shares at prices lower than the conversion price of the 2027 Notes, we can't provide any assurance that our stock price will not fluctuate significantly prior to any share repurchases, including as a result of downward pressure on the price of our common stock caused by the conversion of the 2027 Notes. As a result, if we are unable to repurchase shares of our common stock at a price that is


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lower than the conversion price of the 2027 Notes, any anti-dilutive effect of such repurchases may be less than expected and dilution resulting from the issuance of merger consideration may be more than expected.

In addition, repurchases are subject to the 1% Share Repurchase Excise Tax enacted by the Inflation Reduction Act, which may be offset by shares newly issued during that fiscal year (the "Share Repurchase Excise Tax"). We have and will continue to take the Share Repurchase Excise Tax into account with respect to our decisions to repurchase shares, but there can be no assurance that such tax will not reduce the number of shares we are able to or ultimately decide to repurchase.

Concentration of ownership of our common stock among our existing executive officers, directors, and principal stockholders may prevent new investors from influencing significant corporate decisions.

Our executive officers, directors, and current beneficial owners of 5% or more of our common stock beneficially own a significant percentage of our outstanding common stock. These persons, acting together, will be able to significantly influence all matters requiring stockholder approval, including the election and removal of directors and any merger or other significant corporate transactions. The interests of this group of stockholders may not coincide with the interests of other stockholders.

Our issuance of additional capital stock in connection with financings, acquisitions, investments, our equity incentive plans or otherwise will dilute all other stockholders.

We expect to issue additional capital stock in the future that will result in dilution to all other stockholders. We grant and expect to continue granting equity awards to employees, directors and consultants under our equity incentive plans. We may also raise capital through the sale and issuance of equity securities or convertible securities in the future. As part of our business strategy, we have in the past issued, and in the future may issue, equity securities to pay for acquisitions or investments. Any such issuances of additional capital stock may cause stockholders to experience significant dilution of their ownership interests and the per share value of our common stock to decline.

We do not intend to pay dividends for the foreseeable future and, as a result, your ability to achieve a return on your investment will depend on appreciation in the price of our common stock.

We have never declared or paid any cash dividends on our capital stock, and we do not intend to pay any cash dividends in the foreseeable future. Any determination to pay dividends in the future will be at the discretion of our board of directors. Accordingly, you may need to rely on sales of our common stock after price appreciation, which may never occur, as the only way to realize any future gains on your investment.

If we are unable to maintain proper and effective internal controls over financial reporting, investor confidence in our company may be adversely affected and, as a result, the value of our common stock may be impacted.

We are required, pursuant to Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, to furnish a report by management on, among other things, the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting. This assessment includes disclosure of any material weaknesses identified by our management in our internal control over financial reporting. In addition, our independent registered public accounting firm is required to attest to the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting. Our compliance with Section 404 requires that we incur substantial expenses and expend significant management efforts. Our current controls and any new controls that we develop may become inadequate because of changes in conditions in our business, including in connection with the ironSource Merger. In addition, changes in accounting principles or interpretations could also challenge our internal controls and require that we establish new business processes, systems and controls to accommodate such changes. Additionally, if these new systems, controls or standards and the associated process changes do not give rise to the benefits that we expect or do not operate as intended, it could adversely affect our financial reporting systems and processes, our ability to produce timely and accurate financial reports or the effectiveness of


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internal control over financial reporting. Moreover, our business may be harmed if we experience problems with any new systems and controls that result in delays in their implementation or increased costs to correct any post-implementation issues that may arise.

In addition, management’s assessment of internal controls over financial reporting may identify weaknesses and conditions that need to be addressed or other potential matters that may raise concerns for investors. Any actual or perceived weaknesses and conditions that need to be addressed in our internal control over financial reporting or disclosure of management’s assessment of our internal controls over financial reporting may have an adverse impact on the price of our common stock.

Anti-takeover provisions in our charter documents and under Delaware law could make an acquisition of our company more difficult, limit attempts by our stockholders to replace or remove our current management and limit the market price of our common stock.

Provisions in our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and amended and restated bylaws may have the effect of preventing a change of control or changes in our management. Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and amended and restated bylaws include provisions that may frustrate or prevent any attempts by our stockholders to replace or remove our current management by making it more difficult for stockholders to replace members of our board of directors. In addition, because we are incorporated in Delaware, we are governed by the provisions of Section 203 of the Delaware General Corporation Law, which generally, prohibits a Delaware corporation from engaging in any of a broad range of business combinations with any “interested” stockholder for a period of three years. Any of the foregoing provisions could limit the price that investors might be willing to pay in the future for shares of our common stock, and they could deter potential acquirers of our company, thereby reducing the likelihood that you would receive a premium for your shares of our common stock in an acquisition.

Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation designates the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware and the federal district courts of the United States of America as the exclusive forums for certain disputes between us and our stockholders, which restricts our stockholders' ability to choose the judicial forum for disputes with us or our directors, officers, or employees.

Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation includes choice of forum provisions which may limit a stockholder's ability to bring a claim in a judicial forum that it finds favorable for disputes with us or our directors, officers, or other employees. While the Delaware courts have determined that such choice of forum provisions are facially valid, a stockholder may nevertheless seek to bring such a claim arising under the Securities Act against us, our directors, officers, or other employees in a venue other than in the federal district courts of the United States of America. In such an instance, we would expect to vigorously assert the validity and enforceability of the exclusive forum provisions of our amended and restated certificate of incorporation. This may require significant additional costs associated with resolving such action in other jurisdictions and we cannot assure you that the provisions will be enforced by a court in those other jurisdictions. If a court were to find either exclusive-forum provision in our amended and restated certificate of incorporation to be inapplicable or unenforceable in an action, we may incur further significant additional costs associated with resolving the dispute in other jurisdictions, all of which could harm our business.

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities

None.

Use of Proceeds

None.

Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

None.

Table of Contents

Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities

None.

Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures

Not applicable.

Item 5. Other Information

Rule 10b5-1 Trading Plans

The adoption or termination of contracts, instructions or written plans for the purchase or sale of our securities by our directors and officers (as defined in Rule 16a-1(f) under the Exchange Act) for the three months ended March 31, 2024, each of which is intended to satisfy the affirmative defense conditions of Rule 10b5-1(c) under the Exchange Act, were as follows:

Name

Title

Action

Date Adopted

Expiration Date

Aggregate # of Securities to be Purchased/Sold

Tomer Bar-Zeev (1)

Director

Adopted

February 29, 2024

December 21, 2024

1,450,000

Michelle Lee (2)

Director

Adopted

March 13, 2024

September 18, 2024

3,200

Robynne Sisco (2)

Director

Adopted

March 5, 2024

June 5, 2025

14,700

(1) Mr. Bar-Zeev's plan provides for the potential sale of shares of our common stock held in account. The plan expires on the date shown above, or upon the earlier completion of all authorized transactions under the plan.

(2) Each of Ms. Lee's and Ms. Sisco's plans provides for the potential sale of our common stock currently held in account and future vesting events. The plans expire on the respective dates shown above, or upon the earlier completion of all authorized transactions under the plans.


Table of Contents						Unity Software Inc.

Item 6. Exhibits

EXHIBIT INDEX

Incorporated by Reference

Exhibit Number

Description of Exhibit

Form

File Number

Exhibit

Filing Date

2.1

Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated as of July 13, 2022, by and among Unity, Merger Sub and ironSource.

8-K

001-39497

2.1

July 15, 2022

3.1

Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the Registrant

8-K

001-39497

3.1

September 22, 2020

3.2

Amended and Restated Bylaws of the Registrant

8-K

001-39497

3.2

September 8, 2023

10.1*

Separation Agreement, dated January 9 2024 by and between Unity Software Inc. and Tomer Bar-Zeev

10.2*

Separatio n Agreement , dated February 14 , 2024, by and between Unity Technologies SF . and Clive Downie

10.3*

E xecutive Severance P lan

10.4*

C onfirmatory Offer Letter dated January 12, 2024, by and between Unity Technologies SF. and Felix The

31.1*

Section 302 Certification of Principal Executive Officer

31.2*

Section 302 Certification of Principal Financial Officer

32.1*#

Section 906 Certification of Principal Executive Officer and Principal Financial Officer

101.INS

Inline XBRL Instance Document—the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document.

101.SCH*

Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document

101.CAL*

Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document

101.DEF*

Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document

101.LAB*

Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document

101.PRE*

Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document

104

Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101)

Filed herewith.

The certifications attached as Exhibit 32.1 accompany this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, and shall not be deemed “filed” by the Registrant for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and are not to be incorporated by reference into any of the Registrant's filings under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, irrespective of any general incorporation language contained in any such filing.

The agreements and other documents filed as exhibits to this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q are not intended to provide factual information or other disclosure other than with respect to the terms of the agreements or other documents themselves, and you should not rely on them for that purpose. In particular, any representations and warranties made by us in these agreements or other documents were made solely within the specific context of the relevant agreement or document and may not describe the actual state of affairs as of the date they were made or at any other time.


Table of Contents						Unity Software Inc.

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.


	UNITY SOFTWARE INC.

Date: May 9, 2024	By:	/s/ Mark Barrysmith
		Mark Barrysmith
		Chief Accounting Officer
		(Principal Accounting Officer and Duly Authorized Signatory)

Exhibit 10.1

MUTUAL SEPARATION AGREEMENT

This Separation Agreement ("Agreement") is entered into by and between IronSource Ltd., a company registered in Israel under number 514643626 of 121 Menachem Begin St., Tel Aviv, ("Company"), Unity Software Inc. ("Unity") and Tomer Bar Zeev holder oflD No. Tomer Bar Zeev of [address intentionally omitted] ("Executive"; and together with the Company and Unity - "Parties").


WHEREAS:			The Executive is one of the Company's founders; and
WHEREAS:			The Executive has been employed by the Company as of July 17, 2011, and as of June 28, 2021, his employment was governed by an employment agreement dated June 28, 2021, as was amended from time to time, including within the framework of a Welcome Offer Letter dated February 22, 2023 (together hereinafter-"Employment Agreement"); and
WHEREAS:			In connection with a contemplated reorganization within the Unity group, and the related discussions between Executive and Unity, the Parties have mutually agreed that the Executive's employment with the Company shall end on July 12, 2024 ("Separation Date"); and
WHEREAS:			The Parties have agreed to fully and finally settle all matters between them, directly or indirectly, connected to and/or arising from the engagement between them and/or its termination on the basis of mutual cooperation and good faith subject to the terms herein; and
WHEREAS:			In return for Executive's agreement to, and full compliance with, the terms of this Agreement, the Executive will receive the ex-gratia benefit under section 8 of this Agreement and the entitlements detailed in section 7.2 and 7.3 herein to which he would otherwise have no entitlement (together: "Benefits").

NOW THEREFORE, the Parties agree, declare and undertake as follows:

1.The preface to this Agreement constitutes an integral part hereof. The capitalized terms appearing herein shall have the meanings attributed to them in the Employment Agreement, unless otherwise stated herein.

2.As agreed between the Parties, the Executive's employment with the Company shall be mutually terminated on the Separation Date. The Separation Date was calculated to include the full prior notice entitlement of the Executive.

3.The Executive shall continue to hold his role as President Grow Solutions ("Role") until January 11, 2024 ("Effective Date") and thereafter until the Separation Date, the Executive will no longer act in the Role but shall continue to support the transition, including providing cooperation and assistance in the handover of his role, and with company communications, all in accordance with the reasonable instructions of management and/or the Board of Directors ("Board") of Unity.

4.On the Effective Date, the Executive shall resign from the Role. With the exception of a position on the Board of Directors of Unity Software Inc., the Executive shall also resign from any role he has as a Director, Officer, or authorized legal representative in the Group (as below defined) by no later than the Separation Date on dates required by Unity. The Executive undertakes to sign any document necessary to effect such resignation in accordance with the instructions of management or the Board.

5.Based on the Executive's Employment Agreement and previous years custom, the Executive shall be entitled to an annual bonus for 2023 in a fixed amount equal to eight (8) monthly salaries, which shal I be paid in the usual course of payment in March 2024. For the avoidance of any doubt, there shall be no entitlement to annual bonus (or any portion thereof) or any equity refresh grant for 2024 (other than as agreed in section 8 below).

6.On or around the Separation Date, a full and final settlement of accounts will be carried out with the Executive, in the framework of which the Company or Unity, as applicable, will act as follows:

6.1Redemption of any lawfully accrued and unused vacation days as of the Separation Date as registered in the Executive's last pay slip;

6.2Payment of any outstanding recuperation pay as of the Separation Date;

6.3The Company shall send release letters to the relevant insurance companies, releasing to the Executive's ownership all amounts accumulated in his pension arrangement, including the severance fund, and study fund ("Release Letters").

7.In addition, upon the Separation Date, the Executive will receive the following: (i) acceleration of his equity awards over shares of common stock of Unity, which include RSUs and stock options, which are unvested as of the Separation Date as detailed below ("Accelerated Awards"); and (ii) extension of the exercise period of all of his un-exercised options to acquire shares of common stock of Unity as of the Separation Date, as detailed herein:

7.1.ln accordance with Executive's existing agreements with the Company and Unity, on the Separation Date, (acknowledging that the termination hereunder constitutes a 'Double Trigger' acceleration event under the Executive's existing agreements with the Company and Unity), 100% of the equity awards over shares of Unity which were granted prior to November 1, 2023 shall be accelerated and become exercisable or exchangeable into shares, on no further conditions; and

7.2.As agreed in this Agreement between the Parties, acceleration of 75% of the total equity award over shares of common stock of Unity granted to the Executive on November 27, 2023. For the avoidance of doubt, this is in addition to the 25% vesting of this equity award that will occur on May 25th, 2024, subject to the Executive's continued employment until the Separation Date.

7.3.As agreed in this Agreement between the Parties, Unity agrees to extend the post termination exercise period of any options to acquire shares of common stock of Unity which are outstanding as of the Separation Date, including the Accelerated Awards, to the earlier of: (a) five (5) years after the Separation Date; or (b) the original expiration date of the applicable options and will enable the Executive to inform Unity of his election to utilize this benefit by providing a written notice to the General Counsel of Unity in writing at least 7 days prior to the Separation Date.

7.4.Notwithstanding the foregoing, the settlement of any RSUs shall occur on Unity's next quarterly installment date following the Separation Date.

7.5.It is clarified that the Executive shall bear any tax under applicable law as a result of the above payments and benefits and those detailed in Section 8 below.

8.In addition, the Executive shall also be entitled to an ex gratia one time fixed and unconditional (other than according to the terms of this Agreement) separation bonus in the gross amount of NlS 1,250,000 equivalent to five months of base salary as a pro rata portion of their annual bonus despite not being entitled to any bonus for 2024. For the avoidance of any doubt, this separation bonus is a unique increment and is not a salary component for any matter or purpose, including the calculation of social benefits. The Benefits are subject to, and conditional upon, (a) the Executive signing this Agreement by no later than January 9, 2024, and complying with all of its terms to the Board's satisfaction; and (b) the Executive meeting all of his obligations towards the Group including under the Employment Agreement; and (c) the Executive not resigning from the Company or being terminated for Cause (as such term is defined in the applicable equity plan) until the Separation Date; and (d) reasonable support, cooperation and assistance in the transition of the Role as assigned to the Executive by the CEO or the Board of Directors until the Separation Date.

9.The Executive acknowledges and undertakes that the receipt of the payments and benefits due to him under this Agreement, the grant of the Benefits (conditional on their terms of grant being met as set forth herein), and the issue of the Release Letters constitute a full and final settlement of everything owed to him by the Company, Unity, their affiliates (being any person controlling, controlled by, or under common control, in each case, directly or indirectly, with the Company and/or Unity), any member of the corporate group to which they belongs (or an affiliated company thereof), in each case in their capacity as such (collectively, the "Group"), under any law or agreement or any other source including (but not limited to), with respect to: salary, hours of work, overtime, severance pay, sick leave, disability, annual leave, redemption of annual leave, travel benefits or expenses, car, accommodation, prior notice, payment in lieu of prior notice, adjustment period, commissions, incentives, bonuses of whatever nature, social contributions of all kinds (including pension arrangement, study fund and disability), stock awards and options, warranties, benefit plans and/or programs and every other payment or social benefit whatsoever connected to, or arising out of, the Executive's employment with the Company and/or the Executive's engagement by any other member of the Group and/or any executive role or office held by the Executive at any member of the Group and/or the termination therefrom (it being clarified, that nothing herein extends to, or derogates from, any entitlement under D&O insurance policy or indemnification agreement, nor to any entitlements in the capacity as a stockholder of Unity or any other Exclusions set forth below or any entitlement in his continued role as a director of Unity following the Separation Date). The Company and Unity confirm that they are not aware of any claims or demands or causes of actions towards the Executive with regard to the Exclusions.

10.Accordingly, the Executive hereby confirms and undertakes that upon and subject to receipt of the payments and benefits due to him under this Agreement, including the grant of the Benefits (conditional on their terms of grant being met as set forth herein), the issue of the Release Letters and the compliance by Unity and the Company with all other obligations under this Agreement, neither he nor anyone on his behalf have or will have any claim or demand or cause of action of any kind whatsoever against the Company and/or any other member of the Group and/or against any of their past, present or future directors, officers, employees, agents, shareholders assigns and/or anyone on their behalf, in each case in their capacity as such.

Without derogating from the generality of the above, the Executive hereby confirms that the above waiver applies to the following:

a.Any claims with regard to the process of his separation.

b. Any claims with regard to any equity in the Company and/or Unity, including under the Welcome Offer Letter, the applicable equity award agreements and equity plans and including the tax implications of any payments and benefits hereunder and the taxation of the equity awards and shares of common stock of Unity issued thereunder.

It is agreed that the Executive's waiver does not include any waiver of claims or demands or causes of actions of any kind whatsoever against the Company and/or any other member of the Group and/or against any of their past, present or future directors, officers, employees, agents, shareholders assigns and/or anyone on their behalf, in each case in their capacity as such, with respect to the following ("Exclusions"):

•The Executive's stock which is unrelated to employment;

•The Executive's rights or entitlements as a stockholder of Unity;

•The Merger Agreement between Unity Inc. and the Company and any transaction documents entered into in connection therewith (which are unrelated to employment);

•Any entitlement under D&O insurance policy or indemnification agreement.

The Executive confirms that he is not aware of any claims or demands or causes of actions towards any of the abovementioned parties with regard to the Exclusions.

11.Accordingly, the Company and Unity hereby confirm and undertake that upon and subject to the Executive's meeting all his undertakings under this Agreement in accordance with their respective terms, they are not aware of any employment related claim or demand or cause of action of any kind whatsoever against the Executive . For the avoidance of any doubt, the waiver in this section 11 also does not apply on the Exclusions.

12.The Executive acknowledges that all of the payments and benefits referred to hereunder are gross amounts and shall be subject to the withholding of all taxes and deductions required by any applicable law as determined by the Company's advisors. The Company agrees to withhold tax in accordance with any valid applicable written decision or certificate issued by the Israeli tax authorities which specifically determines the tax rate to be withheld from consideration received in connection with any equity awards (or shares issued thereunder) held by the Executive (or by the trustee under Section I 02 of the Israeli Income Tax Ordinance for the benefit of the Executive), subject to review and confirmation of Company's legal counsel, provided such document is presented to the Company at least 7 days before the payment date.

13.For the avoidance of any doubt, this Agreement shall be deemed a settlement and an admission of payment for the purposes of section 29 of the Severance Pay Law - 1963.

14.The Executive hereby undertakes to deliver to the Company's IT team by no later than the Separation Date, and in accordance with reasonable instruction of the Board or management, any equipment owned by the Company which is in his possession or control, including, credit cards, Company car, security passes, except that the Executive may retain the cellular phone and laptop computer used by him (conditional upon returning it to the IT department of the Company by no later than the Separation Date for deletion of any business related information), and all documents, information and other material in the Executive's possession or control that belongs to the Company or any other member of the Group and/or that relates to any of them, or that was prepared by the Executive in connection with his employment with the Company, including any copies thereof. Furthermore, by no later than the Separation Date, the Executive shall provide the Company with a list of all passwords, write-protect codes and similar access codes used in the context of his work.

15.The Executive hereby expressly and voluntarily agrees that until and after the Separation Date, the Company and/or Unity shall have access to all information (including files) located on computers and in email accounts, which were placed at his disposal by the Company during the course of his engagement with the Company, for the purpose of ensuring the continuity of the Company's business activities. Furthermore, the Executive hereby permits the Company to make use of this information for the purpose of ensuring the continuity of the Company's business activities and preserving its business interests. In addition, the Executive hereby expressly and voluntarily agrees that, for the purpose of continuity of the Company's business activities, any correspondence received after the Separation Date in the email account, which was placed at his disposal by the Company during the course of the Executive's employment with the Company, will be automatically forwarded to an alternate email account, as determined by the Board. The Company and Unity undertake that if it will knowingly encounter an email sent to the Executive of a private nature (although it was deemed as business information), it will notify the Executive, transfer the mail to him and delete such mail from its servers. If the Executive has saved personal information on Company's systems or email accounts, he has the right to delete it by no later than the Separation Date and following the Separation Date, all information stored therein shall be regarded as business information (but subject to the requirement to provide notice and forward to the Executive any email knowingly encountered by Unity or the Company which is of a private nature). For the avoidance of any doubt, the Executive shall have no access to his IS email account as of the Separation Date and the domain of IS is owned by the Company and/or Unity and not the Executive, all unless otherwise shall be specifically agreed by the Parties in an additional agreement in writing. The Executive hereby waives any claim against the Company and/or the Group based on violation of privacy rights with regard to all of the above mentioned in this section 15 but subject to compliance with the terms hereof.

16.The Executive hereby confirms that he has complied and shall continue to comply with the obligations of acting in good faith, confidentiality, unfair competition, unfair solicitation and intellectual property undertaking, under any applicable law and agreement, including the Employment Agreement, which shall all continue to survive and be binding upon the Executive after the Separation Date, in accordance with their terms.

17.The Executive undertakes to preserve the reputation of the Company, Unity and any of their management members, in their capacity as such, and to refrain from any act or omission, which is likely to harm such reputation. The Executive further undertakes that he shall not make any derogatory or derogating statements about any of the abovementioned.

18.The Company and Unity and all of its CEO direct reports, in their capacity as such, undertake to preserve the reputation of the Executive in its official publications (made by the CEO and CEO direct reports, in their capacity as such) and to refrain from any act or omission, which is likely to harm such reputation. The Company and Unity and all of its CEO direct reports, in their capacity as such, undertake that they shall not make any derogatory or derogating statements about the Executive.

19.The Executive hereby undertakes to reasonably cooperate with the Company and/or Unity until and then following Separation Date, in connection with any matter with which he was involved or has knowledge or any existing or potential claim, investigation, administrative proceeding, lawsuit or other legal or business matter that arose during or in connection with his employment with the Company and/or engagement with the Group, in each case subject to coordination with the Executive. For avoidance of doubt, the foregoing includes prompt confirmation of the Executive's equity holdings upon Unity's request, in order for Unity to comply with any regulatory filings, including but not limited to with the Israeli Tax Authority.

20.Unity and the Company shall maintain, and continue to abide by, any D&O insurance policy and D&O indemnification agreements to which the Executive is entitled or party to.

21.Each Party undertakes to ensure that all of the terms of his engagement of the Executive with the Company and the Group shall be kept in complete confidence, including any information regarding the separation and the contents of this Agreement (including the fact of its existence), except as otherwise required by applicable law and except as required for enforcement of this Agreement and in the case of the Company or Unity also except disclosure to any employee of them on "a need to know basis". For the avoidance of any doubt, each Party shall be entitled to consult with his legal and tax advisors, who are bound by confidentiality obligations, regarding this Agreement. The Parties hereto will mutually coordinate prior to the Effective Date, and shall agree upon in advance, the press release, and public announcement(s) of the separation contemplated hereunder, as well as any communications to employees, customers and business partners. Each Party undertakes not to make any disclosures or public announcements or interviews which are inconsistent with, or extend beyond the scope of, the agreed upon press release and communications.

22.Each Party acknowledges that the undertakings contained in this Agreement are irrevocable and the other party and the Group shall be relying upon the undertakings herein. Each Party further acknowledges that the Company and/or Unity's (as applicable) willingness to grant the Benefits and to agree to the covenants hereunder or the Executive's willingness to agree to the covenants hereunder, as applicable, is based strictly upon such Party's agreement to be bound by the terms of this Agreement. The Executive agrees that in case of his failure to comply with the conditions set forth in Section 8, he shal I not be entitled to any of the Benefits and if any of such Benefit/s already granted to him, the amounts representing the value of such Benefit/s/entitlements, will immediately be repaid to the Company on first demand, in addition to any other remedies or causes of action the Company may otherwise have at law.

23.The Executive acknowledges that the Benefits do not create any entitlement (explicitly or implicitly) to any right for anyone other than the undersigned (but subject to rights of third parties in the case the Executive's death, in accordance with applicable law).

24.The Executive acknowledges that he is familiar with and understands the English language and does not require translation of this Agreement to any other language.

25.This Agreement shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of Israel.

26.The Executive declares that he is fully aware of his rights and that this Agreement is signed by him of his own free will after having reviewed all entitlements and rights after consulting with any person of his choosing, including legal advisors who have advised him throughout the process.

27.This Agreement is subject to the approval of the Board of Directors- Human Capital and Compensation Committee (HCCC).

/s/ Marisa Eddy

/s/ Tomer Bar Zeex

/s/ Marisa Eddy

Marisa Eddy, Chief People Officer

Tomer Bar Zeev

Marisa Eddy, Chief People Officer

lronSource Ltd.

Unity Software Inc.

January 25. 2024

January 9, 2024

January 25. 2024

Date

Exhibit 10.2

April 26, 2024

Clive Downie

[address intentionally omitted]

Re: Terms of Separation

Dear Clive:

Together with the Unity Senior Executive Severance Agreement signed by you on November 5, 2019, and the letter dated January 19, 2024 from Marisa Eddy, the Settlement Agreement dated February 14, 2024, this letter confirms the agreement (“Agreement”) between “Employee,” (“you,” “your,” “yourself,”) and Unity Technologies SF (the “Company”) concerning the terms of your separation and offers you additional separation benefits to which you would otherwise not be entitled in exchange for a general release of claims and covenant not to sue.

1. Separation:

a.Separation. Employee’s employment with the Company was terminated effective April 28, 2024 (‘the “Separation Date”).

2. Cessation of Compensation, Benefits and Equity:

a.Payment of Wages: You shall receive payments in an amount equal to all final amounts owed to you for your regular and usual base salary through the Separation Date.

b.Cessation of Compensation and Benefits: All salary and compensation, as well as participation in all benefits and incidents of employment, including, but not limited to, vesting in stock options and RSUs, and the accrual of bonuses, vacation, and paid time off, shall cease as of the Separation Date. The exception to the previous statement is that your health benefits shall cease at the end of the month in which your Separation Date occurs, subject to your right to continue your insurance under COBRA.

c.Stock Options: If applicable, any stock options you have been granted are subject to the terms of your stock option award agreement and the accompanying Terms of Separation: Stock Options previously signed by you. Should you have any questions about your award agreements, please contact equityops@unity3d.com.

d.Restricted Stock Units (RSUs): Any RSUs you have been granted are subject to the terms of your RSU agreement and the accompanying Terms of Separation: Stock Options previously signed by you . Should you have any questions about your RSU grant or need assistance accessing award agreements please contact equityops@unity3d.com.

3. Separation Benefits: In exchange for your agreement to and signature on the general release and waiver of claims and covenant not to sue set forth below and your other promises herein, the Company agrees to provide you with the following (collectively, “Separation Benefits”):

a.Payment. The Company agrees to provide you with a payment in the amount of $175,950.00 less applicable state and federal payroll deductions. This sum is equivalent to six months of your base salary. This sum shall be paid in a lump sum, single payment within fifteen (15) business days following the Effective Date of the Agreement, in accordance with the Company’s regular payroll practices.

b.Corporate Bonus. Per the Senior Executive Severance Plan memo, dated November 5, 2019, you will receive 100% of your 2024 bonus, prorated to your last day of employment, less applicable withholdings required by law. This sum shall be paid in a lump sum, single payment within fifteen (15) business days following the Effective Date of the Agreement, in accordance with the Company’s regular payroll practices

c.COBRA. The Company agrees to pay you $17,000.00 in a lump sum, less applicable taxes and withholdings, which represents a payment equal to the equivalent of six months’ payment for health care continuation costs under the Consolidated Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1985 (“COBRA”), less required tax withholdings and authorized deductions, and which is intended to partially offset your health care continuation coverage costs under COBRA. You understand that you remain responsible for working with the Company’s outside benefits administrator to elect COBRA benefits and must timely elect coverage in order to be eligible for COBRA benefits, should you elect COBRA. A COBRA election form and enrollment package will be mailed to your home address within fourteen (14) days of the Separation Date. Enrollment is not automatic. You understand that you must apply within sixty (60) days after the Separation Date or the date of your notification letter, whichever is later, or you will forfeit your right to COBRA coverage. This sum shall be paid in a lump sum, single payment within fifteen (15) business days following the Effective Date of the Agreement, in accordance with the Company’s regular payroll practices.

d.Transition Assistance. The Company will pay you transition assistance in the form of a payment in the amount of USD $480.00 applicable state and federal payroll deductions, subject to the terms of the Agreement. The sum is equivalent to the cost of one year of LinkedIn Premium. This sum shall be paid in a lump sum, single payment within fifteen (15) business days following the Effective Date of the Agreement, in accordance with the Company’s regular payroll practices.

e.Laptop. Retain your laptop, after Unity IT has effectively cleaned it of Unity Confidential and Proprietary material.

By signing this Agreement, you acknowledge that you are receiving the above enumerated Separation Benefits in consideration for waiving your rights to claims referred to in this Agreement and that you would not otherwise be entitled to these benefits.

4. New Employment. You agree that at any time, after your Separation Date and for a period of three (3) months thereafter, if you accept new employment, directly or indirectly, as an employee, consultant, agent, principal, partner, officer, director, member, owner or manager (collectively “New Employment”) with the Company, the amount of the separation payment as provided in Section 3 above, shall be reduced by the corresponding monthly salary or other compensation amount you receive as a result of such New Employment, all as determined by the Company in the reasonable exercise its discretion.

5. No Other Payment Due. Aside from the Separation Benefits, you acknowledge that you have been paid all wages or other compensation, including, but not limited to accrued, unused vacation benefits, incentives, bonuses, or commissions that you have earned or become entitled to during your employment with the Company through the date you execute this Agreement. You agree that you do not have knowledge of any potential or actual dispute with the Company about any unpaid wages or compensation which you believe you are entitled to but have not been paid as of the date you execute this Agreement. You understand and acknowledge that you shall not be entitled to any payments or benefits from the Company other than those expressly set forth in Section 3.

6. General Release and Waiver of Claims:

a.Release. In consideration of the additional consideration set forth in Section 3, to the fullest extent permitted by law, you, on behalf of your heirs, spouse and assigns hereby release and waive any other claims you may have against the Company and its owners, agents, officers, shareholders, employees, directors, attorneys, subscribers, subsidiaries, affiliates, successors and assigns (collectively, “Releasees”), whether known or not known, including, without limitation, claims relating to or arising out of your employment, including the terms and conditions of employment, the separation or termination of employment, claims for additional compensation or benefits arising out of your offer of employment, all claims of employment discrimination, harassment, or retaliation under any state or local statute or ordinance, public policy, or common law, all contract and quasi-contract claims, claims for promissory estoppel or detrimental reliance, claims for wages, bonuses, incentive compensation, and severance allowances or entitlements, disparagement, intentional infliction of emotional distress, personal injury, negligence, gross negligence, bad faith, compensatory or punitive damages, claims of wrongful or unlawful discharge or termination, breach of implied or express contract, breach of the implied covenant of good faith and fair dealing, fraud, libel, slander, defamation, breach of privacy, physical injury, unjust enrichment, and claims arising under Title VII of the 1964 Civil Rights Act, as amended, the Worker Adjustment and Retraining Notification Act, the National Labor Relations Act, the Family and Medical Leave Act, the Age Discrimination in Employment Act, as amended, the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, the Equal Pay Act, and any other laws and/or regulations relating to employment or employment discrimination, including, without limitation, claims based on disability or under the Americans with Disabilities Act, any other claim for damages or injury of any kind whatsoever, and all claims for monetary recovery, including, without limitation, experts' fees, medical fees or expenses, costs, and disbursements, and any and all other claims that apply to or arise out of the employment relationship.

For clarity, the matters released include, but are not limited to, any claims under federal, state or local laws, any common law tort, contract, or statutory claims, and any claims for ttorneys’ fees and costs.

b.State-Specific Appendix to Release. You understand that, attached as Exhibit A, the Company is incorporating state-specific statutory citations and other state-specific modifications to this Agreement that may be required by law in the state in which you worked for the Company. You are instructed to carefully review Exhibit A for the state in which you worked for the Company, and, by signing this Agreement, you confirm that you reviewed the state-specific modifications, if any, for the state in which you worked for the Company.

c.Acknowledgment of Waiver of Claims under ADEA: You acknowledge that you are 40 years of age or older and are waiving and releasing any rights you may have under the Age Discrimination in Employment Act of 1967 (“ADEA”), and that this waiver and release is knowing and voluntary. You agree that this waiver and release does not apply to any rights or claims that may arise under the ADEA after the Effective Date of this Agreement.

d.You and the Company do not intend to release claims that youmay not release as a matter of law, that arise after you execute thisAgreement, or that involve unemployment compensation andworkers’ compensation. To the fullest extent permitted by law, any dispute regarding the scope of this Agreement shall be determined by an arbitrator under the procedures set forth in the arbitration clause below.

7. Covenant Not to Sue:

a.You agree not to pursue any action nor seek damages or any other remedies for any released claims. You agree to execute any and all documents necessary to request dismissal or withdrawal, or to opt-out, of such claims with prejudice.

b.As further addressed in Section 14, nothing in this Section or Agreement shall prohibit you from filing a charge or complaint with a government agency where, as a matter of law, the parties may not limit your ability to file such an administrative complaint. Notwithstanding the foregoing, you agree to waive your right to recover monetary damages from the Company in any charge, complaint, or lawsuit filed by you or by anyone else on your behalf for any released claims.

c.Nothing in this Section shall prohibit or impair you or the Company from complying with all applicable laws, nor shall this Agreement be construed to obligate either party to commit (or aid or abet in the commission of) any unlawful act.

8. Comments: You agree that you will not make knowingly, maliciously, or intentionally false statements about Releasees or their products, services, agents, representatives, directors, officers, shareholders, attorneys, employees, vendors, affiliates, successors or assigns, or any person acting by, through, under or in concert with any of them, with any written or oral statement. This includes, but is not limited to, refraining from making, in writing or verbally, either directly or indirectly, any maliciously false communications concerning the Company, its employees, its services, or the separation of your employment from the Company (i) to any current or prospective clients or customers; (ii) to any prospective, current or former employees or contractors of the Company; (iii) to any prospective, current or former employers of you; or (iv) posting on any websites, online forums, chat rooms, or social media, including, but not limited to, Glassdoor, Facebook, Twitter, and LinkedIn. Nothing in this Section shall prohibit you from providing truthful information in response to a subpoena or other legal process.

9. Return of Company Property and Accounts: You hereby warrant to the Company as of the Separation Date you shall return to the Company all property or data of the Company of any type whatsoever, including but not limited to cell phone and corporate social media accounts and passwords that have been in your possession or control.

10. Return/Non-Disclosure of Proprietary Information, Arbitration, and Employee Non-Solicitation:

a.You confirm that on or before the Separation Date (or sooner if requested by Company), you will deliver to the Company all documents and data of any nature containing or pertaining to such Proprietary Information (as defined in the Employee Nondisclosure, Assignment and Non-Solicitation Agreement you signed upon your hire with the Company) and that you have not taken with you any such documents or data or any reproduction thereof.

b.You hereby acknowledge that you are and will remain bound by the provisions of the Offer of Employment letter you received from the Company, including, but not limited to, the Employee Nondisclosure, Assignment and Non Solicitation Agreement and the Confidentiality/Company Rules and Policies Agreement. The foregoing agreements shall continue to be of full force and effect, and unmodified by this Agreement.

c.For the avoidance of doubt, you understand that pursuant to the federal Defend Trade Secrets Act of 2016, you shall not be held criminally or civilly liable under any federal or state Trade Secret law for the disclosure of a Trade Secret that (A) is made (i) in confidence to a federal, state, or local government official, either directly or indirectly, or to an attorney; and (ii) solely for the purpose of reporting or investigating a suspected violation of law; or (B) is made in a complaint or other document filed in a lawsuit or other proceeding, if such filing is made under seal.

d.Nothing in this Section or Agreement is intended to restrict or impede your rights to engage in concerted activities for the purpose of collective bargaining or other mutual aid or protection, discussing terms and conditions of employment, or otherwise engaging in activity protected by Section 7 of the National Labor Relations Act.

11. Arbitration: The parties agree to arbitrate any and all disputes or claims arising out of or related to the validity, enforceability, interpretation, performance or breach of this Agreement, whether sounding in tort, contract, statutory violation or otherwise, or involving the construction or application or any of the terms, provisions, or conditions of this Agreement. Any arbitration may be initiated by a written demand to the other party. The arbitrator's decision shall be final, binding, and conclusive. The parties further agree that this Agreement is intended to be strictly construed to provide for arbitration as the sole and exclusive means for resolution of all disputes hereunder to the fullest extent permitted by law. The parties expressly waive any entitlement to have such controversies decided by a court or a jury.

12. Attorneys’ Fees: If any action is brought to enforce the terms of this Agreement, the prevailing party will be entitled to recover its or his reasonable attorneys’ fees, costs and expenses from the other party, in addition to any other relief to which the prevailing party may be entitled.

13. Confidentiality: You agree to maintain in complete confidence the financial terms of this Agreement. You, however, may disclose the financial terms to your immediate family members, in order to exercise, in any way, your rights under Section 7 of the National Labor Relations Act, including your ability to speak with former coworkers regarding terms and conditions of employment, to file with the National Labor Relations Board (“NLRB”) an unfair labor practice charge, to assist a former coworker with the filling of a charge, to provide information to the NLRB, to assist with the NLRB’s investigation or litigation of a charge, or to speak with others regarding workplace issues, the Court, the NLRB or arbitrator in any proceedings to enforce the terms of this Agreement, your attorney(s), your accountant and any professional tax advisor to the extent that they need to know the financial terms in order to provide advice on tax treatment or to prepare tax returns. Any breach of this Section shall be deemed a material breach of this Agreement.

14. Protected Disclosures and Other Protected Actions: Nothing contained in this Agreement limits your ability to file a charge or complaint with any federal, state or local governmental agency or commission, including but not limited to the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, the NLRB, the Occupational Safety and Health Administration, and the Securities and Exchange Commission (a “Government Agency”). In addition, nothing contained in this Agreement limits your ability to communicate with any Government Agency or otherwise participate in any investigation or proceeding that may be conducted by any Government Agency, including your ability to provide documents or other information, without notice to the Company, nor does anything contained in this Agreement apply to truthful testimony in litigation. If you file any charge or complaint with any Government Agency and if the Government Agency pursues any claim on your behalf, or if any other third party pursues any claim on your behalf, you waive any right to monetary or other individualized relief (either individually, or as part of any collective or class action); provided that nothing in this Agreement limits any right you may have to receive a whistleblower award or bounty for information provided to the Securities and Exchange Commission. In addition, nothing in this Section or Agreement prevents you from: (1) testifying before an administrative, legislative, or judicial proceeding pursuant to a court order, subpoena, or written request from an administrative agency concerning alleged unlawful conduct, including alleged sexual harassment or assault, on the part of any party to this Agreement or their agents or employees; or (2) disclosing factual information related to a claim filed in a civil action or complaint filed in an administrative action concerning sexual assault, sexual harassment, workplace harassment or discrimination, failure to prevent an act of workplace harassment or discrimination, or an act of retaliation against a person for reporting or opposing harassment or discrimination.

15. No Admission of Liability: This Agreement is not and shall not be construed or contended by you to be an admission or evidence of any wrongdoing or liability on the part of Releasees, their representatives, heirs, executors, attorneys, agents, partners, officers, shareholders, directors, employees, subsidiaries, affiliates, divisions, successors or assigns.

16. Complete and Voluntary Agreement: This Agreement, together with the Offer of Employment and Employee Nondisclosure, Assignment and Non-Solicitation Agreement that are hereby incorporated by reference, constitute the entire agreement between you and Releasees with respect to the subject matter hereof and supersedes all prior negotiations and agreements, whether written or oral, relating to such subject matter. To avoid any doubt, this Agreement supersedes and/or permanently terminates and extinguishes any obligations owed by the Company to you under the Settlement Agreement between you and Company dated February 14, 2024. You acknowledge that neither Releasees nor their agents or attorneys have made any promise, representation or warranty whatsoever, either express or implied, written or oral, which is not contained in this Agreement for the purpose of inducing you to execute the Agreement, and you acknowledge that you have executed this Agreement in reliance only upon such promises, representations and warranties as are contained herein, and that you are executing this Agreement voluntarily, free of any duress or coercion.

17. Other Rights: You understand and agree that nothing in this Agreement prevents you from exercising, in any way, your rights under Section 7 of the National Labor Relations Act, including your ability to speak with former coworkers regarding terms and conditions of employment, to file with the NLRB an unfair labor practice charge, to assist a former coworker with the filling of a charge, to provide information to the NLRB, to assist with the NLRB’s investigation or litigation of a charge, or to speak with others regarding workplace issues.

18. Severability: The provisions of this Agreement are severable, and if any part of it is found to be invalid or unenforceable, the other parts shall remain fully valid and enforceable. Specifically, should a court, arbitrator, or government agency conclude that a particular claim may not be released as a matter of law, it is the intention of the parties that the general release, the waiver of unknown claims and the covenant not to sue above shall otherwise remain effective to release any and all other claims.

19. Modification; Counterparts; Electronic/PDF Signatures: It is expressly agreed that this Agreement may not be altered, amended, modified, or otherwise changed in any respect except by another written agreement that specifically refers to this Agreement, executed by authorized representatives of each of the parties to this Agreement. This Agreement may be executed in any number of counterparts, each of which shall constitute an original and all of which together shall constitute one and the same instrument. Electronic signature or execution of a PDF copy shall have the same force and effect as execution of an original and a copy of a signature shall be admissible in any legal proceeding as if an original signature.

20. Governing Law: This Agreement shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of California.

21. Time To Consider and Consult: You acknowledge and agree that:

a.You have carefully read this Agreement;

b.You understand and voluntarily, of your own free will, agree to all of the terms set forth in this Agreement, and knowingly and voluntarily intend to be legally bound by the same;

c.You have been and hereby are advised in writing to consult with legal counsel of your choice regarding this Agreement and its effects;

d.You have had the opportunity to at least a full forty-five (45) days to consider this Agreement before executing it. If you sign this Agreement prior to the end of the consideration period, you acknowledge that your decision to accept such shortening of time is knowing and voluntary and was not induced by the Company through fraud, misrepresentation, or a threat to withdraw or alter the offer prior to the expiration of the reasonable time period, or by providing different terms to you;

e.You understand that among the possible claims you are waiving pursuant to this Agreement are any and all claims for age discrimination under the ADEA, as amended by the OWBPA, and you acknowledge receipt of Exhibit B to this Agreement, which that identifies additional information required by the OWBPA;

f.You understand that you must return this signed Agreement to the Company no later than (i) forty-five (45) days after you received this Agreement; and

g.You understand that if you are age 40 or above you have a full seven (7) days after the date of your signature below to revoke this Agreement and that this Agreement shall not become effective or enforceable until the revocation period has expired. You understand that to revoke this Agreement you must give written notice to the Company. Such notice shall be deemed to have been duly given when personally delivered or when mailed by U.S. registered or certified mail, return receipt requested and postage prepaid, addressed to the Company and directed to the attention of:

Marisa Eddy

Unity Human Resources

30 3rd St, San Francisco, CA 94103

22. Effective Date: Provided that you do not exercise your rights to revoke Agreement, the effective date of this Agreement will be the eighth (8th) day following your execution of this Agreement (“Effective Date”).

If you agree to abide by the terms outlined in this letter, please sign this letter below. I wish you the best in your future endeavors.

Sincerely,

Marisa Eddy

Senior Vice President, Chief People Officer

THIS IS AN IMPORTANT LEGAL DOCUMENT AND THE COMPANY ADVISES YOU TO SPEAK WITH AN ATTORNEY BEFORE SIGNING IT.

THE UNDERSIGNED EMPLOYEE REPRESENTS THAT THE EMPLOYEE HAS READ THIS AGREEMENT, FULLY UNDERSTANDS THE TERMS AND CONDITIONS OF THE AGREEMENT AND IS KNOWINGLY AND VOLUNTARILY EXECUTING THE AGREEMENT. EMPLOYEE AFFIRMS THAT IN ENTERING INTO THIS AGREEMENT, EMPLOYEE DOES NOT RELY ON ANY REPRESENTATION, PROMISE OR INDUCEMENT MADE BY THE COMPANY OR ITS REPRESENTATIVES, WITH THE EXCEPTION OF THE CONSIDERATION DESCRIBED IN THIS AGREEMENT.

READ, UNDERSTOOD AND AGREED


/s/ Clive Downie
Clive Downie						Date: April 26, 2024

Exhibit A

STATE-SPECIFIC MODIFICATIONS

Each employee should review the following pages for additional information that supplements and/or modifies the terms in this Agreement to comply with state-law requirements in the state in which they worked for the Company.

ALABAMA

Section 8 is supplemented to include the following: You and the Company agree that you shall not be held liable for breach of Section 8 if you make a statement in good faith and solely for any of the following purposes:

(a)To communicate with a law enforcement officer acting within the line and scope of the officer’s law enforcement duties that a violation of the law has occurred or is occurring;

(b)To communicate with a government regulator acting within the line and scope of the regulator’s regulatory duties that a violation of the law has occurred or is occurring;

(c)To respond to a lawfully served judicial, grand jury, or other lawful subpoena;

(d)To testify in a judicial or administrative proceeding in response to a lawfully served subpoena or an order of a court of competent jurisdiction;

(e)To confer with my attorney for the purpose of obtaining legal advice or representation;

(f)To respond to lawful discovery in a judicial or administrative action, provided the disparaging statement is ordered by a court of competent jurisdiction or made in compliance with a protective order entered by the same court;

(g)To prosecute or defend a civil action between or among parties to this Agreement, provided the party making the disparaging statement attempts to and, if permitted by law, does file the disparaging statement and any related pleading under seal or in compliance with a protective order entered by a court of competent jurisdiction in the civil action; and

(h)To exercise federally protected statutory rights.

CALIFORNIA

In addition to the claims released in Section 6 of the Agreement, you agree that this release includes, but is not limited to, claims under the California Fair Employment and Housing Act, California Labor Code. Section 6 is supplemented to include the following: Waiver of Section 1542. You hereby state that it is your intention in executing this Agreement that it shall be effective as a bar to each and every claim, demand, cause of action, obligation, damage, liability, charge, attorneys’ fees, and costs hereinabove released. You hereby expressly waive and relinquish all rights and benefits, if any, arising under the provisions of Section 1542 of the Civil Code of the State of California, which provides:


			SECTION 1542 [CERTAIN CLAIMS NOT AFFECTED BY GENERAL RELEASE.] A GENERAL RELEASE DOES NOT EXTEND TO CLAIMS THAT THE CREDITOR OR RELEASING PARTY DOES NOT KNOW OR SUSPECT TO EXIST IN HIS OR HER FAVOR AT THE TIME OF EXECUTING THE RELEASE AND THAT, IF KNOWN BY HIM OR HER, WOULD HAVE MATERIALLY AFFECTED HIS OR HER SETTLEMENT WITH THE DEBTOR OR RELEASED PARTY.

Section 10 is amended as follows: Delete the reference to non-solicitation in the title and delete the last sentence of Section 10(b).

Section 13 is supplemented to include the following: Notwithstanding the foregoing, you understand that nothing in this Agreement precludes you from disclosing factual information (other than the amount of any settlement) related to any claim against Releasees of harassment or discrimination or any other conduct you have reason to believe to be unlawful, or from disclosing factual information related to an administrative claim or civil action concerning sexual assault, sexual harassment, workplace harassment or discrimination, failure to prevent an act of workplace harassment or discrimination, or an act of retaliation against a person for reporting or opposing harassment or discrimination that was filed in a civil or administrative action.

Section 14 is supplemented to include the California Civil Rights Department as one of the Government Agencies.

Section 20 is supplemented to include the following: You acknowledge that you have been given at least five (5) business days to consult an attorney regarding this Agreement. If you sign this Agreement prior to the end of the five business day period, you acknowledge that your decision to accept such shortening of time is knowing and voluntary and was not induced by the Company through fraud, misrepresentation, or a threat to withdraw or alter the offer prior to the expiration of the reasonable time period, or by providing different terms to you.

Even though we believe the provision in Section 14 of the Employee Nondisclosure and Assignment Agreement (“Agreement”) you signed in connection with your employment at Unity prohibiting solicitation of employees for a period of one (1) year immediately following the termination of employment is enforceable, this is to inform you that Unity will no longer enforce this provision in the Agreement. In all other respects the Agreement remains in full force and effect, and you continue to be bound by your obligations in the Agreement.

COLORADO

Section 6 is supplemented to include the following: At the time of execution of this Agreement, you and the Company are not aware of any alleged discriminatory or unfair employment practices engaged in, complained of, or witnessed by you, and this Agreement does not in any way limit your ability to disclose or discuss, either orally or in writing, any alleged discriminatory or unfair employment practice.

ILLINOIS

Section 8 is supplemented to include the following: The parties acknowledge that this provision is to the mutual benefit of both parties and is not intended to prohibit truthful statements or disclosures about alleged unlawful employment practices. You agree the benefits provided under this Agreement (whether monetary or otherwise) are specifically includes consideration for the confidentiality obligations contained in Section 8.

Section 10 is supplemented to include the following: You desire the Company’s confidential information and trade secrets to be confidential and that such confidentiality is to the mutual benefit of both parties. You agree the benefits provided under the Agreement (whether monetary or otherwise) are specifically includes consideration for the confidentiality obligations contained in Section 10.

Section 13 is supplemented to include the following: You desire this Agreement to be confidential and that such confidentiality is to the mutual benefit of both you and the Company and is not intended to prohibit truthful statements or disclosures about alleged unlawful employment practices. You agree the benefits provided under the Agreement (whether monetary or otherwise) are specifically includes consideration for the confidentiality obligations contained in Section 13.

Section 20 is supplemented to include the following: You understand that this Agreement is not intended to be a waiver of claims arising after the date you execute this Agreement. The foregoing consideration and Revocation Periods are inclusive of those required by the Illinois Workplace Transparency Act and the Older Worker Benefit Protection Act.

MAINE

In addition to the claims released in Section 6 of the Agreement, you agree that this release includes, but is not limited to, claims under the Employee Social Media Privacy Law, Me. Rev. Stat. Ann. tit. 26, §§ 615 to 619; Employment Leave for Victims of Domestic Violence Law, Me. Rev. Stat. Ann. tit. 26, § 856; Employment Regulations of the Maine Human Rights Commission, Ch. 2 § 2.01, et seq.; Maine AIDS Testing Law, Me. Rev. Stat. Ann. tit. 5, § 19201, et seq.; Maine Earned Paid Leave Law, Me. Rev. Stat. Ann. tit. 26, § 637, et seq.; Maine Equal Pay Law, Me. Rev. Stat. Ann. tit. 26, § 628; Maine Family Medical Leave Act, Me. Rev. Stat. Ann. tit. 26, § 843, et seq.; Maine Genetic Information Privacy Act, Me. Rev. Stat. Ann. tit. 5, § 19301, et seq., and tit. 24-A, § 2159; Maine Human Rights Act, Me. Rev. Stat. Ann. tit. 5, § 4551, et seq.; Maine Leave Relating to Reserve Training or Military Service Law, Me. Rev. Stat. Ann. tit. 26, § 811, et seq.; Maine Nursing Mothers in the Workplace Law, Me. Rev. Stat. Ann. tit. 26, § 604; Maine Occupational Safety & Health Act, Me. Rev. Stat. Ann. tit. 26, § 561, et seq.; Maine Prompt Payment Statute, Me. Rev. Stat. Ann. tit. 26, § 626; Maine Reasons for Termination Law, Me. Rev. Stat. Ann. tit. 26, § 630; Maine Review of Employee Records, Me. Rev. Stat. Ann. tit. 26, § 631; Maine Sexual Harassment Policies Law, Me. Rev. Stat. Ann. tit. 26, § 806; Maine Smokers’ Rights Law, Me. Rev. Stat. Ann. tit. 26, § 597; Maine Statutory Provision Regarding Retaliation or Discrimination for Filing Workers’ Compensation Claim, Me. Rev. Stat. Ann. tit. 39-A, § 353; Maine Substance Use Testing Law, Me. Rev. Stat. Ann. tit. 26, § 681, et seq.; Maine Wage Payment and Work Hour Laws, Me. Rev. Stat. Ann. tit. 26, § 621A, et seq.; and Maine Whistleblower Protection Act, Me. Rev. Stat. Ann. tit. 26, § 832, et seq.

MASSACHUSETTS

In addition to the claims released in Section 6 of the Agreement, you agree that this release includes, but is not limited to, claims under the Massachusetts Civil Rights Act, M.G.L. ch. 12 § 11H, et seq.; Massachusetts Equal Pay Act, M.G.L. ch. 149 § 105A; Massachusetts Equal Rights Act, M.G.L. ch. 93 § 102, et seq.; Massachusetts Fair Employment Practices Law, M.G.L. ch. 151B; Massachusetts Family and Medical Leave Law, M.G.L. ch. 175M; claims for unpaid minimum wages and/or overtime under the Massachusetts Minimum Fair Wage Law, M.G.L. ch. 151; Massachusetts Privacy Statute, M.G.L. ch. 214 § 1B; Massachusetts Sexual Harassment Statute, M.G.L. ch. 214 § 1C; claims for unpaid wages, commissions, bonuses, and/or any other form of compensation under the Massachusetts Wage Act, M.G.L. ch. 149 §§ 148 and 150, et seq.; Massachusetts Non-Competition Agreement Act M.G.L ch. 149, § 24L; Massachusetts Parental Leave Act, M.G.L. ch. 149, § 105D, the Massachusetts Pregnant Workers Fairness Act; and other claims that may be released under the Massachusetts labor statutes, M.G.L. ch. 149. This release and waiver of claims excludes claims that cannot be waived by law or private agreement.

Section 14 is supplemented to include the Massachusetts Commission Against Discrimination as one of the government agencies.

MINNESOTA

Section 20 is supplemented to include the following: You may rescind (i.e., revoke and cancel) your release of claims arising under the Minnesota Human Rights Act and the St. Paul Human Rights Ordinance within fifteen (15) calendar days of signing this Agreement. To effectively rescind/revoke this Agreement, the rescission/revocation must be in writing, and must be delivered by hand or sent by certified mail, return receipt requested, and postmarked within the above-referenced period to the attention of Marisa Eddy at Unity Human Resources, 30 3rd St, San Francisco, CA 94103. If you do not execute this Agreement and/or if you rescind/revoke it, then this Agreement is null and void, and you shall not receive the consideration.

NEW JERSEY

In addition to the claims released in Section 6 of the Agreement, you agree that this release includes, but is not limited to, claims under the New Jersey Conscientious Employee Protection Act, N.J.S.A. 34:19-3, et seq. Section 6 is supplemented to include the following: You also acknowledge that you have not alleged you were ever subjected to discrimination, retaliation, or harassment by the Company.

NEW YORK

Section 6 is supplemented to include the following: You agree that you do not possess any claim or allegation, either asserted or otherwise, that may be subject to or covered under the New York General Obligations Section 5-336 or the New York Civil Practice Law and Rules Section 5003-b.

Section 14 is also supplemented to include the New York State Division of Human Rights and the New York City Commission on Human Rights as one of the government agencies.

NORTH DAKOTA

In addition to the claims released in Section 6 of the Agreement, you agree that this release includes, but is not limited to, the statutes, laws, and common law outlined above, you also release liability for any claim under the North Dakota Age Discrimination Act, North Dakota AIDS Testing Law, North Dakota Equal Pay Act, North Dakota Human Rights Act, North Dakota State Policy Against Participation in Lawful Activity, North Dakota Wage Payment and Work Hour Laws, and North Dakota Whistleblower Law. Employee also expressly waives any and all rights that Employee may have under any state or local statute, executive order, regulation, common law, and/or public policy relating to unknown claims, including but not limited to all rights under N.D. Cent. Code § 9-13-02, which provides as follows: general release does not extend to claims which the creditor does not know or suspect to exist in the creditor’s favor at the time of executing the release, which if known by the creditor, must have materially affected the creditor’s settlement with the debtor.

OREGON

In addition to the claims released in Section 6 of the Agreement, you agree that this release includes, but is not limited to, claims under ORS Chapter 659A; and Scheduling Retaliation, ORS 653.470.

Section 6 is supplemented to include the following: You agree that you do not have, nor are you aware of, any facts that would support any claims or causes of action against the Company that in any way arise out of, involve, or relate to discrimination, sexual harassment, or sexual assault, or that are otherwise covered under the Oregon Workplace Fairness Act, O.R.S. 659A.030; O.R.S. 659A.082; or O.R.S. 659A.112. Section 7 is supplemented to include the following: You acknowledge and agree that you do not have, or have never had, or are not aware of any facts that would support any claims or causes of action against the Company that in any way arise out of, involve, or relate to discrimination, harassment, or sexual assault, or that are otherwise covered under ORS 659A.370. Nothing in this Agreement restricts, or shall be construed to limit, your right to report, disclose, or discuss conduct that you believe in good faith constitute unlawful discrimination, sexual harassment, or sexual assault, or that are otherwise covered under the Workplace Fairness Act, ORS 659A.370. Further, nothing in this Agreement should limit your right to disclose the amount or fact of the settlement.

Section 14 is supplemented to include the following: Nothing in this Agreement restricts, or shall be construed to limit, your right (i) to report, disclose, or discuss conduct that you believe in good faith constitutes unlawful discrimination, sexual harassment, or sexual assault; (ii) to disclose the amount or fact of a settlement relating to alleged unlawful conduct; (iii) to respond accurately and fully to any question, inquiry, or request for information when required by legal process; (iv) to initiate communications directly with, respond to any inquiry from, or provide testimony before, any self-regulatory organization or state or federal regulatory authority, regarding Company, your employment, or this Agreement; or (v) to discuss wages, hours, or other working conditions with co-workers, or in any way limit your rights under the National Labor Relations Act or any Whistleblower Act. You are not required to contact Company regarding the subject matter of any such communications before engaging in them.

RHODE ISLAND

In addition to the claims released in Section 6 of the Agreement, you expressly agree that a waiver of all, or substantially all, attorneys’ fees was not compelled as a condition of settlement.

SOUTH DAKOTA

In addition to the claims released in Section 6 of the Agreement, you agree that thisrelease includes, but is not limited to, the statutes, laws, and common law outlined above, you also release liability for any claim under the South Dakota Equal Pay Law, South Dakota Human Relations Act, South Dakota Smokers’ Rights Law, South Dakota Use of Genetic Information, and South Dakota Wage Payment and Work Hour Laws. You also expressly waives any and all rights that Employee may have under any state or local statute, executive order, regulation, common law and/or public policy relating to unknown claims, including but not limited to all rights under S.D. Codified Laws § 20-7-11, which provides as follows: “A general release does not extend to claims which the creditor does not know or suspect to exist in the creditor’s favor at the time of executing the release, which if known by him must have materially affected his settlement with the debtor.”

WASHINGTON

In addition to the claims released in Section 6 of the Agreement, you agree that this release includes, but is not limited to, claims under the Washington Domestic Violence Leave Law, RCW 49.76; Washington Fair Credit Reporting Act, RCW 19.182; Washington Family Care Act, RCW 49.12.265 to 49.12.295; Washington Paid Sick Leave Act, RCW 49.46.210; Washington Law Against Discrimination, RCW 49.60; Washington Military Family Leave Act, RCW 49.77; Washington Minimum Wage Act, RCW 49.46; Washington Healthy Starts Act, RCW 43.10.005; Washington Jury Duty Leave Law, RCW 2.36.165; Washington Paid Family and Medical Leave Act, RCW 50A; Washington Veteran’s and Veteran’s Affairs Statute, RCW 73; Washington Equal Pay and Opportunities Act, RCW 49.58; Washington Consumer Protection Act, RCW 19.86; Washington Leave for Certain Emergency Service Personnel Law, RCW 49.12.460; Any provision of Title 49 of the Revised Code of Washington; Any provision of Title 296 of the Washington Administrative Code; Any provision of Title 162 of the Washington Administrative Code; Claims under RCW 49.44; Claims under RCW 49.62; Industrial Insurance Act of Washington, RCW 49.12, to the extent permitted by law; and any claim alleging the exception to the Industrial Insurance Act of Washington, established by RCW 51.24.020, for injury inflicted with “deliberate intention.”

Section 8 is supplemented to include the following: Nothing in this Agreement is intended to or shall prohibit you from disclosing or discussing conduct, or the existence of a settlement involving conduct, that you reasonably believed under Washington State, federal, or common law to be illegal discrimination, illegal harassment, illegal retaliation, a wage and hour violation, or sexual assault, or that is recognized as against a clear mandate of public policy.

Exhibit B

OWBPA

Exhibit 10.3

Unity Software Inc.

Executive Severance Plan

1. Purpose. Unity Software Inc., a Delaware corporation, (the “Company”) considers it essential to the best interests of its stockholders to foster the continuous employment of key management personnel. The Board of Directors of the Company (the “Board”) recognizes, however, that, as is the case with many corporations, the possibility of an involuntary termination of employment, either before or after a Change in Control (as defined in Section 2 hereof), exists and that such possibility, and the uncertainty and questions that it may raise among management, may result in the departure or distraction of management personnel to the detriment of the Company, its Subsidiaries (as defined in Section 2 hereof) and the Company’s stockholders. Therefore, the Board has determined that the Unity Software Inc. Executive Severance Plan (the “Plan”) should be adopted to reinforce and encourage the continued attention and dedication of the Company’s and its Subsidiaries’ Covered Executives (as defined in Section 2 hereof) to their assigned duties without distraction. Nothing in this Plan shall be construed as creating an express or implied contract of employment and nothing shall alter the “at will” nature of the Covered Executives’ employment with the Company or any of its Subsidiaries.

2. Definitions. The following terms shall be defined as set forth below:

(a)“Accounting Firm” shall mean a nationally recognized accounting firm selected by the Company.

(b)“Administrator” means the Board or a committee thereof.

(c)“Base Salary” shall mean the higher of (i) the annual base salary in effect immediately prior to the Date of Termination or (ii) the annual base salary in effect for the fiscal year immediately prior to the fiscal year in which the Date of Termination occurs.

(d)“Cause” shall mean, and shall be limited to, the occurrence of any one or more of the following events:

(i)the Covered Executive’s theft, dishonesty, willful misconduct, breach of fiduciary duty for personal profit, or falsification of any Company or Subsidiary documents or records;

(ii)the Covered Executive’s material failure to abide by the Company’s Code of Conduct or other policies (including, without limitation, policies relating to confidentiality and reasonable workplace conduct and policies of any Subsidiary, as applicable);

(iii)the Covered Executive’s unauthorized use, misappropriation, destruction or diversion of any tangible or intangible asset or corporate opportunity of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries (including, without limitation, the Covered Executive’s improper use or disclosure of Company or Subsidiary confidential or proprietary information);

(iv)any intentional act by the Covered Executive which has a material detrimental effect on the Company’s or its Subsidiary’s reputation or business;

(v)the Covered Executive’s repeated failure or inability to perform any reasonable assigned duties after written notice from the Company (or its Subsidiary, as applicable) of, and a reasonable opportunity to cure, such failure or inability;

(vi)any material breach by the Covered Executive of any employment or service agreement between the Covered Executive and the Company (or its Subsidiary, as applicable), which breach is not cured pursuant to the terms of such agreement; or

(i)the Covered Executive’s conviction (including any plea of guilty or nolo contendere) of any criminal act involving fraud, dishonesty, misappropriation or moral turpitude, or which impairs the Covered Executive’s ability to perform his or her duties with the Company (or its Subsidiary, as applicable).

(e)“Change in Control” shall mean a “Change in Control”, as defined in the Stock Plan.

(f)“Change in Control Period” shall mean the period beginning on the date three months prior to a Change in Control and ending on the one-year anniversary of the Change in Control. For the avoidance of doubt, upon a Qualified Termination Event, any equity awards then held by the Covered Executive that have not yet met their service-based vesting requirement and will not meet such requirement through the accelerated vesting provision of this Plan shall not lapse until the earliest of a Change in Control, three months after the Date of Termination, or the expiration date of such equity award.

(g)“Code” shall mean the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, and the rules and regulations thereunder.

(h)“Covered Executives” shall mean the individuals designated as such by the Administrator and who are listed in Exhibit A, attached hereto, as such exhibit is amended by the Administrator from time to time, and who, in each case, meet the eligibility requirements set forth in Section 4 of the Plan.

(i)“Date of Termination” shall mean the date that a Covered Executive’s employment with the Company (or its Subsidiary or successor, as applicable) ends, which date shall be specified in the Notice of Termination. Notwithstanding the foregoing, a Covered Executive’s employment shall not be deemed to have been terminated solely as a result of the Covered Executive becoming an employee of any direct or indirect successor to the business or assets of the Company or becoming an employee of any Subsidiary.

(j)“Disability” shall mean “Disability”, as defined in the Stock Plan.

(k)“G&A Executive” shall mean individuals serving as the Chief Financial Officer, Chief People Officer or General Counsel of the Company.

(l)“Good Reason” shall mean that the Covered Executive has complied with the “Good Reason Process” following the occurrence of any of the following events:

(i)a material diminution in the Covered Executive’s annual base salary other than across the board decreases in annual base salary similarly affecting all executives of the Company (or its Subsidiary, as applicable);

(ii)the Company (or its Subsidiary, as applicable) requiring the Covered Executive to relocate (other than for travel incident to the Covered Executive’s performance of his or her duties on behalf of the Company (or its Subsidiary, as applicable)) a distance of more than fifty (50) miles from the Covered Executive’s current principal place of business; or

(iii)any material diminution in the Covered Executive’s position, responsibilities, authority or duties.

A.For purposes of Section 2(l)(iii), a change in the reporting relationship, or a change in a position or title will not, by itself, be sufficient to constitute a material diminution of responsibilities, authority or duty; provided, that if the Covered Executive is a G&A Executive, a change in the Covered Executive’s position or title, as well as his or her reporting relationship to the most senior chief executive officer of the Company or any successor to the Company shall constitute a material diminution of responsibilities, authority or duty.

(m)“Good Reason Process” shall mean:

(i)the Covered Executive reasonably determines in good faith that a “Good Reason” condition has occurred;

(ii)the Covered Executive notifies the Company (or its Subsidiary, as applicable) in writing of the first occurrence of the Good Reason condition within sixty (60) days of the first occurrence of such condition;

(iii)the Covered Executive cooperates in good faith with the Company’s, its Subsidiary’s or the Company’s successor’s, as applicable, efforts, for a period of not less than thirty (30) days following such notice (the “Cure Period”), to remedy the condition;

(iv)notwithstanding such efforts, the Good Reason condition continues to exist following the Cure Period; and

(v)the Covered Executive terminates his or her employment and provides the Company, its Subsidiary or the Company’s successor, as applicable, with a Notice of Termination with respect to such termination, each within sixty (60) days after the end of the Cure Period.

If the Good Reason condition is cured during the Cure Period, Good Reason shall be deemed not to have occurred.

(n)“Notice of Termination” shall mean a written notice which shall indicate the specific termination provision in this Plan relied upon for the termination of a Covered Executive’s employment and the Date of Termination.

(o)“Participation Agreement” shall mean an agreement between a Covered Executive and the Company that acknowledges the Covered Executive’s participation in the Plan.

(p)“Public Offering” shall mean the consummation of the first public offering pursuant to an effective registration statement under the Securities Act covering the offer and sale of the Company’s equity securities, as a result of or following which the Company’s common stock shall be publicly held.

(q)“Qualified Termination Event” shall mean (i) a termination of the Covered Executive’s employment by the Company (or its Subsidiary, as applicable) other than for Cause, death or Disability or (ii) the Covered Executive’s resignation from the Company (or its Subsidiary, as applicable) for Good Reason.

(r) “Restrictive Covenants Agreement” shall mean the Employee Non-Disclosure, Assignment, and Non-Solicitation Agreement or similar agreement entered into between the Covered Executive and the Company.

(s)“Securities Act” means the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and the rules and regulations thereunder.

(t)“Stock Plan” means the 2019 Unity Software Inc. Stock Plan, as amended from time to time.

(u)“Subsidiary” means any corporation or other entity (other than the Company) in which the Company has at least a fifty (50) percent interest, either directly or indirectly.

3.Administration of the Plan.

(a)Administrator. The Plan shall be administered by the Administrator.

(b)Powers of Administrator. The Administrator shall have all powers necessary to enable it properly to carry out its duties with respect to the complete control of the administration of the Plan. Not in limitation, but in amplification of the foregoing, the Administrator shall have the power and authority in its discretion to:

(i)construe the Plan to determine all questions that shall arise as to interpretations of the Plan’s provisions;

(ii)determine which individuals are and are not Covered Executives, determine the benefits to which any Covered Executives may be entitled, the eligibility requirements for participation in the Plan and all other matters pertaining to the Plan;

(iii)adopt amendments to the Plan which are deemed necessary or desirable to comply with all applicable laws and regulations, including but not limited to Code Section 409A and the guidance thereunder;

(iv)make all determinations it deems advisable for the administration of the Plan, including the authority and ability to delegate administrative functions to a third party;

(v)decide all disputes arising in connection with the Plan; and

(vi)otherwise supervise the administration of the Plan.

(c)All decisions and interpretations of the Administrator shall be binding on all persons, including the Company, its Subsidiaries and Covered Executives.

4.Eligibility. All Covered Executives who have executed and submitted to the Company a Participation Agreement, and satisfied such other requirements as may be determined by the Administrator, are eligible to participate in the Plan. The Administrator may determine at any time that a Covered Executive should no longer be designated as such as a result of a material change in such Covered Executive’s role, and such individual shall cease to be eligible to participate in the Plan upon the Administrator taking action by resolution to update the applicable Exhibit hereto.

5.Termination Benefits Generally. In the event a Covered Executive’s employment with the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is terminated for any reason, the Company (or its Subsidiary, as applicable) shall pay or provide to the Covered Executive any earned but unpaid salary, unpaid expense reimbursements in accordance with Company policy (or a Subsidiary policy, as applicable), accrued but unused vacation or leave entitlement, and any vested benefits the Covered Executive may have under any employee benefit plan of the Company or its Subsidiary, as applicable, in accordance with the terms and conditions of such employee benefit plan (collectively, the “Accrued Benefits”), within the time required by law but in no event more than sixty (60) days after the Date of Termination.

6.Termination Not in Connection with a Change in Control. In the event of a termination of the Covered Executive’s employment by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries other than for Cause, death or Disability, at any time other than during the Change in Control Period, with respect to such Covered Executive, in addition to the Accrued Benefits, subject to his or her execution of a separation agreement in a form and manner satisfactory to the Company, containing, among other provisions, a general release of claims in favor of the Company, its Subsidiaries and related persons and entities, and confidentiality, return of property, non-disparagement and reaffirmation of the Restrictive Covenants Agreement provisions (the “Separation Agreement and Release”) and the Separation Agreement and Release becoming irrevocable, all within the time period set forth in the Separation Agreement and Release but in no event more than sixty (60) days after the Date of Termination, and subject to the Covered Executive complying with the Separation Agreement and Release, the Company or its Subsidiary, as applicable, shall, if the Covered Executive has been continuously employed and in good standing as a Covered Executive for at least one year:

(a)pay the Covered Executive an amount equal to the sum of (i) six (6) months’ Base Salary plus (ii) the Covered Executive’s annual target bonus in effect immediately prior to the Date of Termination, pro-rated for the number of days of service provided by the Covered Executive during the year of the Date of Termination; and

(b)if the Covered Executive was participating in the Company’s (or its Subsidiary’s, as applicable) group health plan immediately prior to the Date of Termination and elects COBRA health continuation, then the Company (or its Subsidiary, as applicable), shall pay to the Covered Executive a lump sum cash payment in an amount equal to the monthly employer contribution that the Company (or its Subsidiary, as applicable), would have made to provide health insurance to the Covered Executive if the Covered Executive had remained employed by the Company (or its Subsidiary, as applicable) for six (6) months after the Date of Termination, based on the premiums as of the Date of Termination.

(i)The amounts payable under Section 6(a) and (b), as applicable, shall be paid out in a lump sum within sixty (60) days after the Date of Termination; provided, however, that if the 60-day period begins in one calendar year and ends in a second calendar year, the amounts shall be paid in the second calendar year no later than the last day of such 60-day period. Each payment pursuant to this Plan is intended to constitute a separate payment for purposes of Treasury Regulation Section 1.409A-2(b)(2).

7.Termination in Connection with a Change in Control. In the event a Qualified Termination Event occurs within the Change in Control Period, then with respect to such Covered Executive, in addition to the Accrued Benefits, subject to his or her execution and non-revocation of the Separation Agreement and Release, all within the time period set forth in the Separation Agreement and Release, but in no event more than sixty (60) days after the Date of Termination, the Company or its Subsidiary, as applicable, shall, if the Covered Executive has been continuously employed and in good standing as a Covered Executive for at least one year:

(a)cause one hundred percent (100%) of the outstanding and unvested equity awards with time-based vesting held by the Covered Executive to immediately become fully time-vested as of the Date of Termination or the Change in Control, if later; provided, that the performance conditions (which, for the avoidance of doubt, does not include any liquidity conditions) applicable to any outstanding and unvested equity awards subject to performance conditions (which, for the avoidance of doubt, does not include any liquidity conditions) will be deemed satisfied at the target level specified in the terms of the applicable award agreement;

(b)pay the Covered Executive an amount equal to the sum of (i) twelve (12) months’ Base Salary plus (ii) one hundred percent (100%) of the Covered Executive’s annual target bonus in effect immediately prior to the Qualified Termination Event (or the Covered Executive’s annual target bonus in effect immediately prior to the Change in Control, if higher); and

(c)if the Covered Executive was participating in the Company’s (or its Subsidiary’s, as applicable) group health plan immediately prior to the Date of Termination and elects COBRA health continuation, then the Company (or its Subsidiary, as applicable), shall pay to the Covered Executive a lump sum cash payment in an amount equal to the monthly employer contribution that the Company (or its Subsidiary, as applicable), would have made to provide health insurance to the Covered Executive if the Covered Executive had remained employed by the Company (or its Subsidiary, as applicable) for twelve (12) months after the Date of Termination, based on the premiums as of the Date of Termination.

(i)The amounts payable under Section 7(b) and (c), as applicable, shall be paid out in a lump sum within sixty (60) days after the Date of Termination or the Change in Control, if later; provided, however, that if the 60-day period begins in one calendar year and ends in a second calendar year, the amounts shall be paid in the second calendar year no later than the last day of the 60-day period. For the avoidance of doubt, the severance pay and benefits provided in this Section 7 shall apply in lieu of, and expressly supersede, the provisions of Section 6 and no Covered Executive shall be entitled to the severance pay and benefits under both Section 6 and 7 hereof.

8.Additional Limitation.

(a)Anything in this Plan to the contrary notwithstanding, in the event that the amount of any compensation, payment or distribution by the Company (or its Subsidiaries, as applicable), to or for the benefit of the Covered Executive, whether paid or payable or distributed or distributable pursuant to the terms of this Plan or otherwise, calculated in a manner consistent with Section 280G of the Code and the applicable regulations thereunder (the “Aggregate Payments”), would be subject to the excise tax imposed by Section 4999 of the Code, then (i) if the Company has not consummated a Public Offering, (A) the Aggregate Payments payable to such Covered Executive under this Plan shall be reduced (but not below zero) to the extent necessary so that the maximum Aggregate Payments shall not exceed the Threshold Amount (the “Reduction Amount”), and (B) the Company shall use reasonable efforts to satisfy the shareholder approval requirements set forth in Q/A 7 of Treasury Regulations Section 1.280G-1 with respect to such Reduction Amount, and if such requirements are satisfied then such Reduction Amount shall become payable hereunder as if subsection (A) above had not applied thereto, and (ii) if the Company has consummated a Public Offering, the Aggregate Payments shall be reduced (but not below zero) by the Reduction Amount; provided that such reduction shall only occur if it would result in the Covered Executive receiving a higher After Tax Amount (as defined below) than the Covered Executive would receive if the Aggregate Payments were not subject to such reduction. In the event of such reduction, the Aggregate Payments shall be reduced in the following order, in each case, in reverse chronological order beginning with the Aggregate Payments that are to be paid the furthest in time from consummation of the transaction that is subject to Section 280G of the Code: (i) cash payments not subject to Section 409A of the Code; (ii) cash payments subject to Section 409A of the Code; (iii) equity-based payments and acceleration; and (iv) non-cash forms of benefits; provided that in the case of all the foregoing Aggregate Payments all amounts or payments that are not subject to calculation under Treas. Reg. §1.280G-1, Q&A-24(b) or (c) shall be reduced before any amounts that are subject to calculation under Treas. Reg. §1.280G-1, Q&A-24(b) or (c).

(b)For purposes of this Section 8, the “After Tax Amount” means the amount of the Aggregate Payments less all federal, state, and local income, excise and employment taxes imposed on the Covered Executive as a result of the Covered Executive’s receipt of the Aggregate Payments. For purposes of determining the After Tax Amount, the Covered Executive shall be deemed to pay federal income taxes at the highest marginal rate of federal income taxation applicable to individuals for the calendar year in which the determination is to be made, and state and local income taxes at the highest marginal rates of individual taxation in each applicable state and locality, net of the maximum reduction in federal income taxes (if any) which could be obtained from deduction of such state and local taxes. For purposes of this Section 8, “Threshold Amount” shall mean three times the Covered Executive’s “base amount” within the meaning of Section 280G(b)(3) of the Code and the regulations thereunder, less one dollar.

(c)The determination as to whether a reduction in the Aggregate Payments shall be made pursuant to Section 8(a) shall be made by the Accounting Firm, which shall provide detailed supporting calculations both to the Company and the Covered Executive within fifteen (15) business days of the Date of Termination, if applicable, or at such other time as is reasonably requested by the Company or the Covered Executive. Any determination by the Accounting Firm shall be binding upon the Company and the Covered Executive.

9.Restrictive Covenants Agreement. As a condition to participating in the Plan, each Covered Executive shall continue to comply with the terms and conditions contained in the Restrictive Covenants Agreements or similar agreement entered into between the Covered Executive and the Company and such other agreement(s) as designated in the applicable Participation Agreement. If a Covered Executive has not entered into a Restrictive Covenants Agreement or similar agreement with the Company, he or she shall enter into such agreement prior to participating in the Plan.

10.Withholding. All payments made by the Company (or its Subsidiary, as applicable) under this Plan shall be subject to any tax or other amounts required to be withheld by the Company under applicable law.

11.Section 409A.

(a)Anything in this Plan to the contrary notwithstanding, if at the time of the Covered Executive’s “separation from service” within the meaning of Section 409A of the Code, the Company determines that the Covered Executive is a “specified employee” within the meaning of Section 409A(a)(2)(B)(i) of the Code, then to the extent any payment or benefit that the Covered Executive becomes entitled to under this Plan would be considered deferred compensation subject to the twenty (20) percent additional tax imposed pursuant to Section 409A(a) of the Code as a result of the application of Section 409A(a)(2)(B)(i) of the Code, such payment shall not be payable and such benefit shall not be provided until the date that is the earlier of (i) six (6) months and one (1) day after the Covered Executive’s separation from service, or (ii) the Covered Executive’s death. If any such delayed cash payment is otherwise payable on an installment basis, the first payment shall include a catch-up payment covering amounts that would otherwise have been paid during the six-month period but for the application of this provision, and the balance of the installments shall be payable in accordance with their original schedule.

(b)The parties intend that this Plan will be administered in accordance with Section 409A of the Code and that all amounts payable hereunder shall be exempt from the requirements of such section as a result of being “short term deferrals” for purposes of Section 409A of the Code to the greatest extent possible. To the extent that any provision of this Plan is not exempt from Section 409A of the Code and ambiguous as to its compliance with Section 409A of the Code, the provision shall be read in such a manner to comply with Section 409A of the Code. Each payment pursuant to this Plan is intended to constitute a separate payment for purposes of Treasury Regulation Section 1.409A-2(b)(2). The parties agree that this Plan may be amended, as reasonably requested by either party, and as may be necessary to fully comply with Section 409A of the Code and all related rules and regulations in order to preserve the payments and benefits provided hereunder without additional cost to either party.

(c)To the extent that any payment or benefit described in this Plan constitutes “non-qualified deferred compensation” under Section 409A of the Code, and to the extent that such payment or benefit is payable upon the Covered Executive’s termination of employment, then such payments or benefits shall be payable only upon the Covered Executive’s “separation from service.” The determination of whether and when a separation from service has occurred shall be made in accordance with the presumptions set forth in Treasury Regulation Section 1.409A-1(h).

(d)All in-kind benefits provided and expenses eligible for reimbursement under this Plan shall be provided by the Company (or its Subsidiaries, as applicable), or incurred by the Covered Executive during the time periods set forth in this Plan. All reimbursements shall be paid as soon as administratively practicable, but in no event shall any reimbursement be paid after the last day of the taxable year following the taxable year in which the expense was incurred. The amount of in-kind benefits provided or reimbursable expenses incurred in one taxable year shall not affect the in-kind benefits to be provided or the expenses eligible for reimbursement in any other taxable year (except for any lifetime or other aggregate limitation applicable to medical expenses). Such right to reimbursement or in-kind benefits is not subject to liquidation or exchange for another benefit.

(e)The Company and its Subsidiaries make no representation or warranty and shall have no liability to the Covered Executive or any other person if any provisions of this Plan are determined to constitute deferred compensation subject to Section 409A of the Code but do not satisfy an exemption from, or the conditions of, such Section.

12.Notice and Date of Termination.

(a)Notice of Termination. A termination of the Covered Executive’s employment shall be communicated by Notice of Termination from the Company (or its Subsidiary, as applicable) to the Covered Executive or vice versa in accordance with this Section.

(b)Notice to Covered Executive or the Company. Any notices, requests, demands, and other communications provided for by this Plan shall be sufficient if in writing and delivered in person or sent by registered or certified mail, postage prepaid, to a Covered Executive at the last address the Covered Executive has filed in writing with the Company (or its Subsidiary, as applicable), or to the Company at the following physical or email address:

Unity Software Inc.

Attention: Anirma Gupta, General Counsel

30 3rd Street

San Francisco, CA 94103

anirma.gupta@unity3d.com

With a copy to:

Unity Software Inc.

Attention: John Riccitiello, Chief Executive Officer

30 3rd Street

San Francisco, CA 94103

jr@unity3d.com

13.No Mitigation. The Covered Executive is not required to seek other employment or to attempt in any way to reduce any amounts payable to the Covered Executive by the Company (or its Subsidiary, as applicable) under this Plan.

14.Benefits and Burdens. This Plan shall inure to the benefit of and be binding upon the Company (or its Subsidiary, as applicable) and the Covered Executives, their respective successors, executors, administrators, heirs and permitted assigns. In the event of a Covered Executive’s death after a termination of employment but prior to the completion by the Company (or its Subsidiary, as applicable) of all payments due to him or her under this Plan, the Company (or its Subsidiary, as applicable) shall continue such payments to the Covered Executive’s beneficiary designated in writing to the Company (or its Subsidiary, as applicable) prior to his or her death (or to his or her estate, if the Covered Executive fails to make such designation).

15.Enforceability. If any portion or provision of this Plan shall to any extent be declared illegal or unenforceable by a court of competent jurisdiction, then the remainder of this Plan, or the application of such portion or provision in circumstances other than those as to which it is so declared illegal or unenforceable, shall not be affected thereby, and each portion and provision of this Plan shall be valid and enforceable to the fullest extent permitted by law.

16.Waiver. No waiver of any provision hereof shall be effective unless made in writing and signed by the waiving party. The failure of any party to require the performance of any term or obligation of this Plan, or the waiver by any party of any breach of this Plan, shall not prevent any subsequent enforcement of such term or obligation or be deemed a waiver of any subsequent breach.

17.Non-Duplication of Benefits and Effect on Other Plans. Notwithstanding any other provision in the Plan to the contrary, the benefits provided hereunder shall be in lieu of any other severance payments and/or benefits provided by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, including, without limitation, any such payments and/or benefits pursuant to an employment agreement or offer letter between the Company (or its Subsidiary, as applicable) and the Covered Executive.

18.No Contract of Employment. Nothing in this Plan shall be construed as giving any Covered Executive any right to be retained in the employ of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or shall affect the terms and conditions of a Covered Executive’s employment with the Company or any of its Subsidiaries.

19.Amendment or Termination of Plan. The Company may amend or terminate this Plan at any time or from time to time, but no such action shall adversely affect the rights of any Covered Executive without the Covered Executive’s written consent.

20.Governing Law. This Plan shall be construed under and be governed in all respects by the laws of the State of Delaware, without giving effect to the conflict of laws principles.

21.Obligations of Successors. In addition to any obligations imposed by law upon any successor to the Company, any successor (whether direct or indirect, by purchase, merger, consolidation or otherwise) to all or substantially all of the business or assets of the Company shall expressly assume and agree to perform this Plan in the same manner and to the same extent that the Company would be required to perform if no such succession had taken place.

22.Effectiveness and Term. The Executive Severance Plan is effective as of March 7, 2023 (the “Effective Date”).

Exhibit A

Covered Executives


Individual			Title
Marc Whitten			President, Create
Luis Visoso			Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
Carol Carpenter			Senior Vice President and Chief Marketing Officer
Anirma Gupta			Senior Vice President and Chief Legal Officer

Exhibit 10.4

January 16, 2024

Felix The

Re: Employment Terms with Unity Technologies SF

Dear Felix:

You are currently employed with Unity Technologies SF (the "Company"). This letter agreement confirms the existing terms and conditions of your employment. This letter agreement shall supersede and replace in entirety your existing offer letter from the Company dated December 5, 2016.

1. Position. You are serving in a full-time capacity as SVP Product and Technology, Grow, reporting to the CEO, working in our offices located in San Francisco, CA. You will be expected to travel as appropriate. Subject to the other provisions of this letter agreement, we may change your position, duties, and work location from time to time at our discretion.

2. Salary. Your salary is US $30,000.00 per month (US $360,000.00 on an annualized basis), paid out on a semi-monthly basis less all applicable taxes, withholdings, and deductions as required by law. This salary will be subject to adjustment pursuant to the Company’s employee compensation policies in effect from time to time.

3. Corporate Bonus. You are eligible to receive a discretionary corporate bonus of up to 60% of your earned annual salary during the previous fiscal year pursuant to the terms of the discretionary bonus letter provided to you outside of this agreement and only to the extent determined appropriate by the Company in its sole discretion. In order to be eligible to receive a corporate bonus, you must be employed by the Company on the date that corporate bonuses are paid. Any bonus amount will be paid out less all applicable taxes, withholdings, and deductions required by law.

4. Benefits. You are eligible to continue to participate in any US benefits plans offered to the employees of the Company. The Company may modify benefits policies from time-to-time, as it deems necessary.

5. Confidentiality; Company Rules and Policies. You remain subject to the terms of the Employee Nondisclosure, Assignment and Non-Solicitation Agreement that you previously executed. You are also expected to comply with the Company’s rules and policies. Finally, during the period that you render services to the Company, you agree to not engage in any employment, business or activity that is in any way competitive with the business or proposed business of the Company. You will disclose to the Company in writing any other gainful employment, business or activity that you are currently associated with or participate in so the company may assess whether a conflict exists. You will not assist any other person or organization in competing with the Company or in preparing to engage in competition with the business or proposed business of the Company. In order to retain necessary flexibility in the administration of its policies and procedures, the Company reserves the right to change or revise its policies, procedures, and benefits at any time.

6. Equity. You have been granted various equity interests in the Company. Those equity interests shall continue to be governed in all respects by the terms of the applicable equity agreements, grant notices and equity plans.

7. Executive Severance Plan. You will be eligible for severance benefits under the terms of the Senior Executive Severance Plan (“Severance Plan”), subject to the approval of the Human Capital and Compensation Committee of Unity Software Inc..

8. At Will Employment. Your employment with the Company remains at-will, which means the employment relationship can be terminated by either of us for any reason, at any time, with or without prior notice and with or without cause. Any modification or change in your at will employment status may only occur by way of a written employment agreement signed by you and the Chief People Officer of the Company.

9. Arbitration. To the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, you and the Company agree to submit to mandatory binding arbitration of any and all claims arising out of or related to your employment with the Company and the termination thereof, including claims by the Company, claims against the Company, and claims against any current or former parent, affiliate, subsidiary, or successor of the Company, and each of the Company’s and these entities’ respective officers, directors, agents or employees. To the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, this includes, but is not limited to, tort claims, contract claims, statutory claims, and claims for unpaid wages or other forms of compensation, wrongful termination, retaliation, and/or discrimination (including harassment) based upon any federal, state or other ordinance, statute, regulation or constitutional provision, except that each party may, at its, his or her option, seek injunctive relief in court related to the improper use, disclosure or misappropriation of a party’s proprietary, confidential or trade secret information. All arbitration hearings shall be conducted in San Francisco, California (or another mutually agreeable location). THE PARTIES HEREBY WAIVE ANY RIGHTS THEY MAY HAVE TO TRIAL BY JURY IN REGARD TO SUCH CLAIMS. The parties further agree that any arbitrable claims shall be resolved on an individual basis, and you agree to waive your right, to the extent allowed by applicable law, to consolidate any arbitrable claims with the claims of any other person in a class or collective action. This Agreement does not restrict your right to file administrative claims you may bring before any government agency where, as a matter of law, the parties may not restrict the employee’s ability to file such claims (including, but not limited to, the National Labor Relations Board, Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, disputes solely before government agencies, claims under applicable workers’ compensation law, and unemployment claims). However, the parties agree that, to the fullest extent permitted by law, arbitration shall be final and binding on the parties and shall be the exclusive remedy for the subject matter of such administrative claims. Further, this Agreement does not apply to claims that have been expressly excluded from mandatory arbitration by a governing law not preempted by the Federal Arbitration Act, including but not limited to a sexual assault dispute and sexual harassment dispute as defined under applicable federal law. The arbitration shall be conducted through JAMS before a single neutral arbitrator, in accordance with the JAMS employment arbitration rules then in effect. The Company agrees to pay the fees and costs of the arbitrator. The JAMS rules may be found and reviewed at http://www.jamsadr.com/rules-employment-arbitration. If you are unable to access these rules, inform the Company’s Human Resources Department and a hardcopy will be provided to you. To initiate an arbitration, you or the Company must submit a demand for arbitration to JAMS and the Company will timely pay the JAMS initial invoice. As in any arbitration, the burden of proof shall be allocated as provided by applicable law. The arbitrator shall apply the applicable substantive law in deciding the claims at issue. Claims will be governed by their applicable statute of limitations and failure to demand arbitration within the prescribed time period shall bar the claims as provided by law. The arbitrator shall issue a written decision that contains the essential findings and conclusions on which the decision is based. The arbitrator shall have the same authority as a court to award equitable relief, damages, costs, and fees (excluding the costs and fees of the arbitrator) as provided by law for the particular claims asserted.

This arbitration clause shall be governed by and construed in all respects under the terms of the Federal Arbitration Act and the California Arbitration Act, including Cal. Civ. Proc. Code § 1283.05.

10. Entire Agreement. This letter agreement, together with your Employee Nondisclosure, Assignment and Non-Solicitation Agreement, equity agreements and other agreements referenced herein, form the complete and exclusive statement of your employment agreement with the Company and supersedes any other agreements or promises made to you by anyone, whether oral or written, with respect to the subject matter hereof.

11. Severability. If any term of this letter is held to be invalid, void, or unenforceable, the remainder of the terms herein will remain in full force and effect and will in no way be affected, and the parties will use their best efforts to find an alternative way to achieve the same result.

12. Governing Law. The terms of this letter and the resolution of any dispute as to the meaning, effect, performance or validity of this letter or arising out of, related to, or in any way connected with this letter, your employment with the Company or any other relationship between you and the Company (a “Dispute”) will be governed by the laws of the State of California, without giving effect to the principles of conflict of laws. To the extent not subject to arbitration as described above, you and the Company consent to the exclusive jurisdiction of, and venue in, the state courts in San Francisco County in the State of California (or in the event of exclusive federal jurisdiction, the courts of the Northern District of California in connection with any Dispute or any claim related to any Dispute).

Please sign and date this letter agreement below to indicate your agreement with its terms.


	Very truly yours,
	By:
		Jim Whitehurst, Chief Executive Officer
I have read and understood this letter agreement and hereby acknowledge, accept and agree to the terms as set forth above.
Felix The	February 11, 2024
Name	Date
/s/ Felix The
Signature

Exhibit 31.1

CERTIFICATION OF PRINCIPAL EXECUTIVE OFFICER

PURSUANT TO SECTION 302 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

I, James Whitehurst, certify that:

1.I have reviewed this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Unity Software Inc.;

2.Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3.Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4.The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

(a)Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

(b)Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

(c)Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

(d)Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5.The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

(a)All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

(b)Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.


Date:	May 9, 2024	By:	/s/ James Whitehurst
			James Whitehurst
			Interim President and Chief Executive Officer
			(Principal Executive Officer)

Exhibit 31.2

CERTIFICATION OF PRINCIPAL FINANCIAL OFFICER

PURSUANT TO SECTION 302 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

I, Luis Visoso, certify that:

1.I have reviewed this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Unity Software Inc.;

(b)Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.


Date:	May 9, 2024	By:	/s/ Luis Visoso
			Luis Visoso
			Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
			(Principal Financial Officer)

Exhibit 32.1

CERTIFICATION OF PRINCIPAL EXECUTIVE OFFICER

AND PRINCIPAL FINANCIAL OFFICER PURSUANT TO

18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350,

AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO

SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

I, James Whitehurst, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Unity Software Inc. for the quarter ended March 31, 2024 fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and that information contained in such Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of Unity Software Inc.


Date:	May 9, 2024	By:	/s/ James Whitehurst
			James Whitehurst
			Interim President and Chief Executive Officer
			(Principal Executive Officer)

I, Luis Visoso, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Unity Software Inc. for the quarter ended March 31, 2024 fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and that information contained in such Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of Unity Software Inc.


Date:	May 9, 2024	By:	/s/ Luis Visoso
			Luis Visoso
			Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
			(Principal Financial Officer)

This certification accompanies the Form 10-Q to which it relates, is not deemed filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission and is not to be incorporated by reference into any filing of Unity Software Inc. under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (whether made before or after the date of the Form 10-Q), irrespective of any general incorporation language contained in such filing.

Cover - shares	3 Months Ended
Cover - shares	Mar. 31, 2024	May 01, 2024
Cover [Abstract]
Document Type	10-Q
Document Quarterly Report	true
Document Period End Date	Mar. 31, 2024
Document Transition Report	false
Entity File Number	001-39497
Entity Registrant Name	UNITY SOFTWARE INC.
Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code	DE
Entity Tax Identification Number	27-0334803
Entity Address, Address Line One	30 3rd Street
Entity Address, City or Town	San Francisco
Entity Address, State or Province	CA
Entity Address, Postal Zip Code	94103‑3104
City Area Code	415
Local Phone Number	638-9950
Title of 12(b) Security	Common stock, $0.000005 par value
Trading Symbol	U
Security Exchange Name	NYSE
Entity Current Reporting Status	Yes
Entity Interactive Data Current	Yes
Entity Filer Category	Large Accelerated Filer
Entity Small Business	false
Entity Emerging Growth Company	false
Entity Shell Company	false
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding		390,861,717
Amendment Flag	false
Document Fiscal Year Focus	2024
Document Fiscal Period Focus	Q1
Entity Central Index Key	0001810806
Current Fiscal Year End Date	--12-31

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 1,179,962	$ 1,590,325
Accounts receivable, net	621,184	611,723
Prepaid expenses and other	140,092	122,843
Total current assets	1,941,238	2,324,891
Property and equipment, net	122,783	140,887
Goodwill	3,166,304	3,166,304
Intangible assets, net	1,318,787	1,406,745
Other assets	204,151	204,614
Total assets	6,753,263	7,243,441
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable	18,862	14,517
Accrued expenses and other	302,207	307,704
Publisher payables	410,671	385,113
Deferred revenue	170,435	186,769
Total current liabilities	902,175	894,103
Convertible notes	2,236,415	2,711,750
Long-term deferred revenue	9,080	6,015
Other long-term liabilities	190,869	217,195
Total liabilities	3,338,539	3,829,063
Commitments and Contingencies (Note 7)
Redeemable noncontrolling interests	224,736	225,797
Stockholders' equity:
Common stock, $0.000005 par value: Authorized shares - 1,000,000 and 1,000,000; Issued and outstanding shares - 390,397 and 384,872	2	2
Additional paid-in capital	6,554,787	6,259,479
Accumulated other comprehensive loss	(7,760)	(5,009)
Accumulated deficit	(3,362,904)	(3,071,830)
Total Unity Software Inc. stockholders' equity	3,184,125	3,182,642
Noncontrolling interest	5,863	5,939
Total stockholders' equity	3,189,988	3,188,581
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity	$ 6,753,263	$ 7,243,441

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (Parenthetical) - $ / shares	Mar. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Statement of Financial Position [Abstract]
Common stock, par value (USD per share)	$ 0.000005	$ 0.000005
Common stock, authorized (in shares)	1,000,000,000	1,000,000,000
Common stock, issued (in shares)	390,397,000	384,872,000
Common stock, outstanding (in shares)	390,397,000	384,872,000

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS - USD ($) shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023
Income Statement [Abstract]
Revenue	$ 460,380	$ 500,361
Cost of revenue	144,387	161,964
Gross profit	315,993	338,397
Operating expenses
Research and development	282,728	280,480
Sales and marketing	230,625	216,127
General and administrative	177,569	96,774
Total operating expenses	690,922	593,381
Loss from operations	(374,929)	(254,984)
Interest expense	(6,035)	(6,129)
Interest income and other income (expense), net	76,643	13,615
Loss before income taxes	(304,321)	(247,498)
Provision for (benefit from) Income taxes	(12,843)	6,205
Net loss	(291,478)	(253,703)
Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interest and redeemable noncontrolling interests	(404)	(672)
Net loss attributable to Unity Software Inc.	$ (291,074)	$ (253,031)
Basic net loss per share attributable to Unity Software Inc. (USD per share)	$ (0.75)	$ (0.67)
Diluted net loss per share attributable to Unity Software Inc. (USD per share)	$ (0.75)	$ (0.67)
Weighted-average shares used in computation of basic net loss per share (in shares)	387,151	375,909
Weighted-average shares used in computation of diluted net loss per share (in shares)	387,151	375,909

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE LOSS - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023
Statement of Comprehensive Income [Abstract]
Net loss	$ (291,478)	$ (253,703)
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of taxes:
Change in foreign currency translation adjustment	(3,461)	3,157
Change in unrealized gains (losses) on derivative instruments	0	(327)
Other comprehensive income (loss)	(3,461)	2,830
Comprehensive loss	(294,939)	(250,873)
Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interest and redeemable noncontrolling interests	(404)	(672)
Foreign currency translation attributable to noncontrolling interest and redeemable noncontrolling interests	(710)	649
Comprehensive loss attributable to noncontrolling interest and redeemable noncontrolling interests	(1,114)	(23)
Comprehensive loss attributable to Unity Software Inc.	$ (293,825)	$ (250,850)

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY - USD ($)
$ in Thousands

Total

Unity Software Inc. Stockholders' Equity

Common Stock

Additional Paid-In Capital

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss

Accumulated Deficit

Noncontrolling Interest

^[1]

Beginning balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2022

374,243,196

Beginning balance at Dec. 31, 2022

$ 3,534,566

$ 3,528,268

$ 2

$ 5,779,776

$ (1,691)

$ (2,249,819)

$ 6,298

Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]

Issuance of common stock from employee equity plans (in shares)

1,475,761

Issuance of common stock from employee equity plans

21,971

Issuance of common stock for settlement of RSUs (in shares)

2,654,728

Stock‑based compensation expense

166,445

Net loss

(253,077)

(253,031)

(46)

Adjustments to redeemable noncontrolling interest

(5,834)

Other comprehensive loss

2,225

2,181

Ending balance (in shares) at Mar. 31, 2023

378,373,685

Ending balance at Mar. 31, 2023

$ 3,466,296

3,460,000

$ 2

5,962,358

490

(2,502,850)

6,296

Beginning balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2023

384,872,000

384,871,561

Beginning balance at Dec. 31, 2023

$ 3,188,581

3,182,642

$ 2

6,259,479

(5,009)

(3,071,830)

5,939

Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]

Issuance of common stock from employee equity plans (in shares)

1,960,774

2,511,920

Issuance of common stock from employee equity plans

$ 25,997

25,997

Issuance of common stock for settlement of RSUs (in shares)

3,013,449

Stock‑based compensation expense

269,288

Net loss

(291,102)

(291,074)

(28)

Adjustments to redeemable noncontrolling interest

Other comprehensive loss

$ (2,799)

(2,751)

(48)

Ending balance (in shares) at Mar. 31, 2024

390,397,000

390,396,930

Ending balance at Mar. 31, 2024

$ 3,189,988

$ 3,184,125

$ 2

$ 6,554,787

$ (7,760)

$ (3,362,904)

$ 5,863

[1]	(1) Excludes redeemable noncontrolling interests.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023
Operating activities
Net loss	$ (291,478)	$ (253,703)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization	101,810	109,560
Stock-based compensation expense	265,877	163,028
Gain on repayment of convertible note	(61,371)	0
Other	16,516	379
Changes in assets and liabilities, net of effects of acquisitions:
Accounts receivable, net	(9,740)	21,013
Prepaid expenses and other	(16,779)	7,589
Other assets	(2,399)	11,169
Accounts payable	5,273	7,450
Accrued expenses and other	(4,269)	(7,305)
Publisher payables	25,558	(27,756)
Other long-term liabilities	(23,584)	(18,302)
Deferred revenue	(12,787)	(18,221)
Net cash used in operating activities	(7,373)	(5,099)
Investing activities
Purchases of short-term investments	0	(212)
Proceeds from principal repayments and maturities of short-term investments	0	102,673
Purchases of property and equipment	(7,190)	(14,350)
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities	(7,190)	88,111
Financing activities
Repayments of convertible note	(414,999)	0
Proceeds from issuance of common stock from employee equity plans	25,998	21,971
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities	(389,001)	21,971
Effect of foreign exchange rate changes on cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash	(6,202)	3,151
Increase (decrease) in cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash	(409,766)	108,134
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash, beginning of period	1,604,267	1,505,688
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash, end of period	1,194,501	1,613,822
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information:
Cash paid for income taxes, net of refunds	11,041	3,751
Cash paid for operating leases	13,540	10,181
Supplemental disclosures of non‑cash investing and financing activities:
Assets acquired under operating lease	$ 9,273	$ 24,528

Accounting Policies	3 Months Ended
Accounting Policies	Mar. 31, 2024
Accounting Policies [Abstract]
Accounting Policies	Accounting Policies Basis of Presentation and Consolidation We prepared the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements in accordance with United States ("U.S.") generally accepted accounting principles ("GAAP") and applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC") for interim financial reporting. The condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Unity Software Inc., its wholly owned subsidiaries, and entities consolidated under the voting interest model. We have eliminated all intercompany balances and transactions. Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in the financial statements prepared in accordance with GAAP have been condensed or omitted pursuant to such rules and regulations. In our opinion, all adjustments, which include normal recurring adjustments necessary for a fair presentation, have been included. The results of operations for the periods presented are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the full year or other periods. The unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and notes included in our 2023 Annual Report on Form 10-K. Use of Estimates The preparation of condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make certain estimates, judgments, and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements, as well as the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates, and such differences could be material to our financial position and results of operations. Employee Separation and Restructuring Costs In January 2024, we committed to a plan to eliminate approximately 25% of our workforce, and we mutually agreed to the departure of the founders of ironSource Ltd. Following these announcements, we incurred incremental employee separation costs of approximately $193 million in the first quarter of 2024, which included $126 million of incremental stock-based compensation. Additionally we incurred $19 million of restructuring costs, primarily related to office closures.

Revenue

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]

Revenue

The following table presents our revenue disaggregated by source, which also have similar economic characteristics (in thousands):


	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2024		2023
Create Solutions	$	163,670	$	187,369
Grow Solutions	296,710		312,992
Total revenue	$	460,380	$	500,361

The following table presents our revenue disaggregated by geography, based on the invoice address of our customers (in thousands):


	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2024		2023
United States	$	139,119	$	132,994
Greater China (1)	59,690		59,548
EMEA (2)	166,770		186,724
APAC (3)	84,036		107,528
Other Americas (4)	10,765		13,567
Total revenue	$	460,380	$	500,361

(1) Greater China includes China, Hong Kong, and Taiwan.

(2) Europe, the Middle East, and Africa ("EMEA")

(3) Asia-Pacific, excluding Greater China ("APAC")

(4) Canada and Latin America ("Other Americas")

Accounts Receivable, Net

Sales Commissions

Contract Balances and Remaining Performance Obligations

Financial Instruments

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Investments, Debt and Equity Securities [Abstract]

Financial Instruments

Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash

•Level 1—Valuations based on quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

•Level 3—Valuations based on unobservable inputs reflecting our own assumptions used to measure assets and liabilities at fair value. These valuations require significant judgment.


	March 31, 2024		December 31, 2023
	Fair Value (1)
Cash	$	888,092	$	834,877
Level 1:
Restricted cash and cash equivalents:
Restricted cash	$	14,539	$	13,942
Money market funds	92,762		502,754
Time deposits	199,108		252,694


Total restricted cash and cash equivalents	$	306,409	$	769,390









Total cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash	$	1,194,501	$	1,604,267

(1) Due to the highly liquid nature of our investments, amortized cost approximates fair value.

Nonrecurring Fair Value Measurements

Investment in Unity China

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Noncontrolling Interest [Abstract]

Investment in Unity China

The following table presents the changes in redeemable noncontrolling interests (in thousands):


	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2024		2023
Balance at beginning of period	$	225,797	$	219,563

Net loss attributable to redeemable noncontrolling interests	(376)		(626)
Accretion for redeemable noncontrolling interests	3,075		2,698
Foreign currency translation and foreign exchange adjustments for redeemable noncontrolling interests	(3,760)		3,741
Balance at end of period	$	224,736	$	225,376

Leases

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Leases [Abstract]

Leases

We have operating leases for offices, which have remaining lease terms of up to nine years.

Components of lease expense were as follows (in thousands):


	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2024		2023
Operating lease expense	$	10,253	$	9,393

Variable lease expense	1,721		1,278
Sublease income	(244)		(384)
Total lease expense	$	11,730	$	10,287

Supplemental balance sheet information related to leases was as follows (in thousands, except weighted-average figures):


		As of
	Classification	March 31, 2024		December 31, 2023
Operating lease assets	Other assets	$	104,599	$	113,256

Current operating lease liabilities	Accrued expenses and other	$	37,566	$	39,132
Long-term operating lease liabilities	Other long-term liabilities	98,521		111,669
Total operating lease liabilities		$	136,087	$	150,801

As of March 31, 2024, our lease liabilities were as follows (in thousands):


	Operating Leases
Gross lease liabilities	$	154,385
Less: imputed interest	18,298
Present value of lease liabilities	$	136,087

Borrowings

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Debt Disclosure [Abstract]

Borrowings

Convertible Notes


						Carrying Amount as of
	Conversion Rate per $1,000 Principal	Conversion Price		Maturities	Stated Interest Rates	March 31, 2024		December 31, 2023
Convertible notes:
Principal – 2026 Notes	3.2392	$	308.72	2026	0.0%	$	1,245,232	$	1,725,000
Principal – 2027 Notes	20.4526	$	48.89	2027	2.0%	1,000,000		1,000,000
Unamortized debt issuance costs, net						(8,817)		(13,250)
Net carrying amount						$	2,236,415	$	2,711,750

As of March 31, 2024, no holders of the 2027 and 2026 Notes have exercised the conversion rights, and the if-converted value of the 2027 and 2026 Notes did not exceed the principal amount.

Convertible Note Repurchase

Capped Call Transactions

Commitments and Contingencies

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]

Commitments and Contingencies

The following table summarizes our non-cancelable contractual commitments as of March 31, 2024 (in thousands):


	Total		Remainder of 2024		2025‑2026		2027‑2028		Thereafter
Operating leases (1)	$	154,385	$	32,892	$	60,279	$	36,591	$	24,623
Purchase commitments (2)	643,505		180,782		433,298		29,425		—
Convertible note principal and interest (3)	2,325,232		20,000		1,285,232		1,020,000		—
Total	$	3,123,122	$	233,674	$	1,778,809	$	1,086,016	$	24,623

(1) Operating leases consist of obligations for real estate that are active.

(2) The substantial majority of our purchase commitments are related to agreements with our data center hosting providers.

(3) Convertible notes due 2026 and 2027. See Note 6, "Borrowings," above for further discussion.

We expect to meet our remaining commitments.

Legal Matters

Indemnifications

Letters of Credit

Stock-Based Compensation

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Share-Based Payment Arrangement [Abstract]

Stock-Based Compensation

Stock‑Based Compensation

Stock-based compensation expense is as follows (in thousands):


	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2024		2023
Cost of revenue	$	16,806	$	18,849
Research and development	87,738		76,483
Sales and marketing	63,971		35,517
General and administrative	97,362		32,179
Total stock-based compensation expense	$	265,877	$	163,028

Stock Options

A summary of our stock option activity is as follows:


	Options Outstanding
	Stock Options Outstanding	Weighted-Average Exercise Price		Weighted-Average Remaining Contractual Term (In Years)
Balance as of December 31, 2023	31,541,466	$	19.35	4.79
Granted	86,854	$	26.89
Exercised	(1,960,774)	$	6.25
Forfeited, cancelled, or expired	(175,140)	$	82.32
Balance as of March 31, 2024	29,492,406	$	19.86	3.77

The calculated grant-date fair value of stock options granted was estimated using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model with the following assumptions:


	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2024	2023
Expected dividend yield	—	—
Risk-free interest rate	4.1%	4.2%
Expected volatility	66.4%	54.7%
Expected term (in years)	6.25	6.25
Fair value of underlying common stock	$26.89	$29.33

Restricted Stock Units

A summary of our restricted stock unit ("RSU"), including price-vested unit ("PVU"), activity is as follows:


	Unvested RSUs
	Number of Shares	Weighted-Average Grant-Date Fair Value
Unvested as of December 31, 2023	37,332,551	$	38.31
Granted	1,570,357	$	30.14
Vested	(3,017,254)	$	45.83
Forfeited	(3,409,225)	$	42.68
Unvested as of March 31, 2024	32,476,429	$	36.76

Price-Vested Units

Employee Stock Purchase Plan


	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2024	2023
Expected dividend yield	—	—
Risk-free interest rate	5.3%	5.2%
Expected volatility	56.0%	94.5%
Expected term (in years)	0.50	0.50
Grant-date fair value per share	$9.11	$12.44

Additional information related to the ESPP is provided below (in thousands, except per share amounts):


	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2024	2023
Shares issued under the ESPP	551,146	532,643
Weighted-average price per share issued	$24.92	$25.87

Income Taxes	3 Months Ended
Income Taxes	Mar. 31, 2024
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]
Income Taxes	Income Taxes Our tax provision for interim periods is determined using an estimated annual effective tax rate, adjusted for discrete items arising in that quarter. In each quarter, we update the estimated annual effective tax rate and make a year-to-date adjustment to the provision. The estimated annual effective tax rate is subject to volatility due to several factors, including variability in accurately predicting our pre-tax income or loss and the mix of jurisdictions to which they relate, intercompany transactions, changes in how we do business, and tax law developments. Our effective tax rate for the three months ended March 31, 2024 differs from the U.S. federal statutory tax rate of 21% primarily due to the need to record a valuation allowance on U.S. losses, a tax benefit on foreign losses in connection with employee separation costs, and to a lesser extent tax expense on foreign earnings taxed at different rates. In addition, during the first quarter of 2024, we continued to restructure our tax operations which resulted in a reduction to our U.S. valuation allowance. Our effective tax rate for the three months ended March 31, 2023 differed from the U.S. federal statutory tax rate of 21% primarily due to the need to record a valuation allowance in the U.S. on losses and to a lesser extent, tax expense on foreign earnings taxed at different rates. In addition, the Company undertook certain tax restructuring efforts during the period that enhanced our ability to offset deferred tax liabilities in the U.S. in future periods, thereby partially reducing the need for a valuation allowance. The realization of deferred tax assets is dependent upon the generation of sufficient taxable income of the appropriate character in future periods. We regularly assess the ability to realize our deferred tax assets and establish a valuation allowance if it is more-likely-than-not that some portion of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. In performing this assessment with respect to each jurisdiction, we review all available positive and negative evidence. Primarily due to our history of losses, we believe that it is more likely than not that the deferred tax assets of our U.S. federal, certain U.S. states, Denmark, U.K., and other non-U.S. jurisdictions will not be realized and we have maintained a full valuation allowance against such deferred tax assets. As of March 31, 2024, we had $184.3 million of gross unrecognized tax benefits, of which $29.7 million would impact the effective tax rate, if recognized. It is reasonably possible that the amount of unrecognized tax benefits as of March 31, 2024 could increase or decrease significantly as the timing of the resolution, settlement, and closure of audits is highly uncertain. We believe that we have adequately provided for any reasonably foreseeable outcome related to our tax audits and that any settlement will not have a material impact on our financial condition and operating results at this time.

Net Loss per Share of Common Stock

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Earnings Per Share [Abstract]

Net Loss per Share of Common Stock

Basic and diluted net loss per share is the same for all periods presented because the effects of potentially dilutive items were antidilutive given our net loss in each period.


	As of March 31,
		2024	2023

Convertible notes		24,488	26,042
Stock options		29,492	34,461
Unvested RSUs and PVUs		32,476	36,079

Pay vs Performance Disclosure - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
Pay vs Performance Disclosure - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023
Pay vs Performance Disclosure
Net Income (Loss)	$ (291,074)	$ (253,031)

Insider Trading Arrangements

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Trading Arrangements, by Individual

Material Terms of Trading Arrangement

Name

Title

Action

Date Adopted

Expiration Date

Aggregate # of Securities to be Purchased/Sold

Tomer Bar-Zeev (1)

Director

Adopted

February 29, 2024

December 21, 2024

1,450,000

Michelle Lee (2)

Director

Adopted

March 13, 2024

September 18, 2024

3,200

Robynne Sisco (2)

Director

Adopted

March 5, 2024

June 5, 2025

14,700

Non-Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Adopted

false

Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Terminated

false

Non-Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Terminated

false

Tomer Bar-Zeev [Member]

Trading Arrangements, by Individual

Name

Tomer Bar-Zeev

Title

Director

Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Adopted

true

Adoption Date

February 29, 2024

Arrangement Duration

296 days

Aggregate Available

1,450,000

Michelle Lee [Member]

Trading Arrangements, by Individual

Name

Michelle Lee

Title

Director

Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Adopted

true

Adoption Date

March 13, 2024

Arrangement Duration

189 days

Aggregate Available

3,200

Robynne Sisco [Member]

Trading Arrangements, by Individual

Name

Robynne Sisco

Title

Director

Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Adopted

true

Adoption Date

March 5, 2024

Arrangement Duration

457 days

Aggregate Available

14,700

Accounting Policies (Policies)	3 Months Ended
Accounting Policies (Policies)	Mar. 31, 2024
Accounting Policies [Abstract]
Basis of Presentation	Basis of Presentation and Consolidation We prepared the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements in accordance with United States ("U.S.") generally accepted accounting principles ("GAAP") and applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC") for interim financial reporting.
Consolidation	The condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Unity Software Inc., its wholly owned subsidiaries, and entities consolidated under the voting interest model. We have eliminated all intercompany balances and transactions. Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in the financial statements prepared in accordance with GAAP have been condensed or omitted pursuant to such rules and regulations. In our opinion, all adjustments, which include normal recurring adjustments necessary for a fair presentation, have been included. The results of operations for the periods presented are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the full year or other periods. The unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and notes included in our 2023 Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Use of Estimates	Use of Estimates The preparation of condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make certain estimates, judgments, and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements, as well as the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates, and such differences could be material to our financial position and results of operations.
Accounts Receivable, Net	Accounts Receivable, Net Accounts receivable are recorded at the original invoiced amount, net of allowances for uncollectible amounts. We estimate losses on uncollectible amounts based on expected losses, including our historical experience of actual losses.
Sales Commissions and Contract Balances and Remaining Performance Obligations	Sales Commissions Sales commissions that have a benefit beyond one year are capitalized and amortized on a straight-line method over the expected period of benefit, which is generally three years.Contract assets (unbilled receivables), primarily included in accounts receivable, net, are recorded when revenue is earned in advance of customer billing schedules.Contract liabilities (deferred revenue) relate to payments received in advance of performance under the contract.Additionally, we have performance obligations associated with commitments in customer contracts to perform in the future that had not yet been recognized in our consolidated financial statements. For contracts with original terms that exceed one year, those commitments not yet recognized as of March 31, 2024, were $357 million and relate primarily to Create Solutions subscriptions, Enterprise Support, and Strategic Partnerships.
Cash, Cash Equivalents, Restricted Cash	Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash are recorded at fair value. Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. To increase the comparability of fair value measures, the following hierarchy prioritizes the inputs to valuation methodologies used to measure fair value: •Level 1—Valuations based on quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities. •Level 2—Valuations based on quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets or inputs that are observable for the assets or liabilities, either directly or indirectly through market corroboration. •Level 3—Valuations based on unobservable inputs reflecting our own assumptions used to measure assets and liabilities at fair value. These valuations require significant judgment.

Revenue (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]

Schedule of Revenue Disaggregated by Source

The following table presents our revenue disaggregated by source, which also have similar economic characteristics (in thousands):


	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2024		2023
Create Solutions	$	163,670	$	187,369
Grow Solutions	296,710		312,992
Total revenue	$	460,380	$	500,361

Schedule of Revenue Disaggregated by Geography

The following table presents our revenue disaggregated by geography, based on the invoice address of our customers (in thousands):


	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2024		2023
United States	$	139,119	$	132,994
Greater China (1)	59,690		59,548
EMEA (2)	166,770		186,724
APAC (3)	84,036		107,528
Other Americas (4)	10,765		13,567
Total revenue	$	460,380	$	500,361

(1) Greater China includes China, Hong Kong, and Taiwan.

(2) Europe, the Middle East, and Africa ("EMEA")

(3) Asia-Pacific, excluding Greater China ("APAC")

(4) Canada and Latin America ("Other Americas")

Financial Instruments (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Investments, Debt and Equity Securities [Abstract]

Schedule of Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis


	March 31, 2024		December 31, 2023
	Fair Value (1)
Cash	$	888,092	$	834,877
Level 1:
Restricted cash and cash equivalents:
Restricted cash	$	14,539	$	13,942
Money market funds	92,762		502,754
Time deposits	199,108		252,694


Total restricted cash and cash equivalents	$	306,409	$	769,390









Total cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash	$	1,194,501	$	1,604,267

(1) Due to the highly liquid nature of our investments, amortized cost approximates fair value.

Investment in Unity China (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Noncontrolling Interest [Abstract]

Schedule of Changes in Redeemable Noncontrolling Interests

The following table presents the changes in redeemable noncontrolling interests (in thousands):


	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2024		2023
Balance at beginning of period	$	225,797	$	219,563

Net loss attributable to redeemable noncontrolling interests	(376)		(626)
Accretion for redeemable noncontrolling interests	3,075		2,698
Foreign currency translation and foreign exchange adjustments for redeemable noncontrolling interests	(3,760)		3,741
Balance at end of period	$	224,736	$	225,376

Leases (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Leases [Abstract]

Schedule of Components of Lease Expense

Components of lease expense were as follows (in thousands):


	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2024		2023
Operating lease expense	$	10,253	$	9,393

Variable lease expense	1,721		1,278
Sublease income	(244)		(384)
Total lease expense	$	11,730	$	10,287

Schedule of Supplemental Balance Sheet Information Related to Leases

Supplemental balance sheet information related to leases was as follows (in thousands, except weighted-average figures):


		As of
	Classification	March 31, 2024		December 31, 2023
Operating lease assets	Other assets	$	104,599	$	113,256

Current operating lease liabilities	Accrued expenses and other	$	37,566	$	39,132
Long-term operating lease liabilities	Other long-term liabilities	98,521		111,669
Total operating lease liabilities		$	136,087	$	150,801

Schedule of Lease Liabilities

As of March 31, 2024, our lease liabilities were as follows (in thousands):


	Operating Leases
Gross lease liabilities	$	154,385
Less: imputed interest	18,298
Present value of lease liabilities	$	136,087

Borrowings (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Debt Disclosure [Abstract]

Schedule of Principal and Unamortized Debt Issuance Costs and Other Material Features of Notes

The table below summarizes the principal and unamortized debt issuance costs and other material features of the Notes (in thousands):


						Carrying Amount as of
	Conversion Rate per $1,000 Principal	Conversion Price		Maturities	Stated Interest Rates	March 31, 2024		December 31, 2023
Convertible notes:
Principal – 2026 Notes	3.2392	$	308.72	2026	0.0%	$	1,245,232	$	1,725,000
Principal – 2027 Notes	20.4526	$	48.89	2027	2.0%	1,000,000		1,000,000
Unamortized debt issuance costs, net						(8,817)		(13,250)
Net carrying amount						$	2,236,415	$	2,711,750

Commitments and Contingencies (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]

Schedule of Non-Cancelable Contractual Commitments

The following table summarizes our non-cancelable contractual commitments as of March 31, 2024 (in thousands):


	Total		Remainder of 2024		2025‑2026		2027‑2028		Thereafter
Operating leases (1)	$	154,385	$	32,892	$	60,279	$	36,591	$	24,623
Purchase commitments (2)	643,505		180,782		433,298		29,425		—
Convertible note principal and interest (3)	2,325,232		20,000		1,285,232		1,020,000		—
Total	$	3,123,122	$	233,674	$	1,778,809	$	1,086,016	$	24,623

(1) Operating leases consist of obligations for real estate that are active.

(2) The substantial majority of our purchase commitments are related to agreements with our data center hosting providers.

(3) Convertible notes due 2026 and 2027. See Note 6, "Borrowings," above for further discussion.

Stock-Based Compensation (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Share-Based Payment Arrangement [Abstract]

Schedule of Stock-Based Compensation Expense

Stock-based compensation expense is as follows (in thousands):


	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2024		2023
Cost of revenue	$	16,806	$	18,849
Research and development	87,738		76,483
Sales and marketing	63,971		35,517
General and administrative	97,362		32,179
Total stock-based compensation expense	$	265,877	$	163,028

Schedule of Stock Option Activity

A summary of our stock option activity is as follows:


	Options Outstanding
	Stock Options Outstanding	Weighted-Average Exercise Price		Weighted-Average Remaining Contractual Term (In Years)
Balance as of December 31, 2023	31,541,466	$	19.35	4.79
Granted	86,854	$	26.89
Exercised	(1,960,774)	$	6.25
Forfeited, cancelled, or expired	(175,140)	$	82.32
Balance as of March 31, 2024	29,492,406	$	19.86	3.77

Schedule of Grant-Date Fair Value of Stock Options Granted

The calculated grant-date fair value of stock options granted was estimated using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model with the following assumptions:


	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2024	2023
Expected dividend yield	—	—
Risk-free interest rate	4.1%	4.2%
Expected volatility	66.4%	54.7%
Expected term (in years)	6.25	6.25
Fair value of underlying common stock	$26.89	$29.33

Schedule of Restricted Stock Unit Activity

A summary of our restricted stock unit ("RSU"), including price-vested unit ("PVU"), activity is as follows:


	Unvested RSUs
	Number of Shares	Weighted-Average Grant-Date Fair Value
Unvested as of December 31, 2023	37,332,551	$	38.31
Granted	1,570,357	$	30.14
Vested	(3,017,254)	$	45.83
Forfeited	(3,409,225)	$	42.68
Unvested as of March 31, 2024	32,476,429	$	36.76

Schedule of Grant-Date Fair Values of ESPP

The following table summarizes the assumptions used and the resulting grant-date fair values of our ESPP:


	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2024	2023
Expected dividend yield	—	—
Risk-free interest rate	5.3%	5.2%
Expected volatility	56.0%	94.5%
Expected term (in years)	0.50	0.50
Grant-date fair value per share	$9.11	$12.44

Schedule of Additional Information Related to ESPP

Additional information related to the ESPP is provided below (in thousands, except per share amounts):


	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2024	2023
Shares issued under the ESPP	551,146	532,643
Weighted-average price per share issued	$24.92	$25.87

Net Loss per Share of Common Stock (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Earnings Per Share [Abstract]

Schedule of Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Diluted Net Loss Per Share


	As of March 31,
		2024	2023

Convertible notes		24,488	26,042
Stock options		29,492	34,461
Unvested RSUs and PVUs		32,476	36,079

Accounting Policies (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	1 Months Ended	3 Months Ended
Accounting Policies (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Jan. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2024
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]
Percentage of reduction in workforce	25.00%
Employee Severance
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]
Employee separation costs		$ 193
Stock-Based Compensation
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]
Employee separation costs		126
Facility Closing
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]
Restructuring costs		$ 19

Revenue - Schedule of Revenue Disaggregated by Source (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue	$ 460,380	$ 500,361
Create Solutions
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue	163,670	187,369
Grow Solutions
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue	$ 296,710	$ 312,992

Revenue - Schedule of Revenue Disaggregated by Geography (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue	$ 460,380	$ 500,361
United States
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue	139,119	132,994
Greater China
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue	59,690	59,548
EMEA
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue	166,770	186,724
APAC
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue	84,036	107,528
Other Americas
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue	$ 10,765	$ 13,567

Revenue - Accounts Receivable, Net (Narrative) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2023
Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]
Accounts receivable, allowances	$ 16.6		$ 16.9
Provision for uncollectible amounts	$ 1.8	$ 2.9

Revenue - Sales Commissions (Narrative) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Capitalized contract cost, amortization period	3 years
Capitalized contract cost, amortization	$ 2.4	$ 2.5
Prepaid Expenses and Other Current Assets
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Capitalized contract costs	6.4
Other Assets
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Capitalized contract costs	$ 4.9

Revenue - Contract Balances (Narrative) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Capitalized Contract Cost [Line Items]
Unbilled receivables	$ 20.1	$ 31.3
Revenue recognized	76.3
Other Noncurrent Assets
Capitalized Contract Cost [Line Items]
Unbilled receivables	$ 6.0

Revenue - Remaining Performance Obligations (Narrative) (Details) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024 USD ($)
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue, remaining performance obligation, amount	$ 357
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction, Start Date [Axis]: 2024-04-01
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue, remaining performance obligation, amount	$ 205
Revenue, remaining performance obligation, percentage	57.00%
Recognition period	12 months
Minimum
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Commitment term	1 year
Maximum
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Commitment term	5 years

Financial Instruments - Schedule of Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023	Mar. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]
Cash	$ 888,092	$ 834,877
Restricted cash and cash equivalents:
Total cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash	1,194,501	1,604,267	$ 1,613,822	$ 1,505,688
Level 1:
Restricted cash and cash equivalents:
Restricted cash	14,539	13,942
Total restricted cash and cash equivalents	306,409	769,390
Level 1: \| Money market funds
Restricted cash and cash equivalents:
Cash equivalents	92,762	502,754
Level 1: \| Time deposits
Restricted cash and cash equivalents:
Cash equivalents	$ 199,108	$ 252,694

Financial Instruments - Narrative (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]
Equity investments	$ 33.6	$ 33.6
Maximum
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]
Ownership interest less than	20.00%

Investment in Unity China - Narrative (Details)	Mar. 31, 2024
Third Party Investors \| Unity China
Noncontrolling Interest [Line Items]
Noncontrolling interest, percentage sold	20.50%

Investment in Unity China - Schedule of Changes in Redeemable Noncontrolling Interests (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023
Increase (Decrease) in Temporary Equity [Roll Forward]
Balance at beginning of period	$ 225,797	$ 219,563
Net loss attributable to redeemable noncontrolling interests	(376)	(626)
Accretion for redeemable noncontrolling interests	3,075	2,698
Foreign currency translation and foreign exchange adjustments for redeemable noncontrolling interests	(3,760)	3,741
Balance at end of period	$ 224,736	$ 225,376

Leases - Narrative (Details)	Mar. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Lessee, Lease, Description [Line Items]
Operating lease, weighted average remaining lease term	5 years	5 years 1 month 6 days
Operating lease, weighted average discount rate, percent	5.20%	5.20%
Maximum
Lessee, Lease, Description [Line Items]
Operating lease term (up to)	9 years

Leases - Schedule of Components of Lease Expense (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023
Leases [Abstract]
Operating lease expense	$ 10,253	$ 9,393
Variable lease expense	1,721	1,278
Sublease income	(244)	(384)
Total lease expense	$ 11,730	$ 10,287

Leases - Schedule of Supplemental Balance Sheet Information Related to Leases (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Leases [Abstract]
Operating Lease, Right-of-Use Asset, Statement of Financial Position [Extensible Enumeration]	Other assets	Other assets
Operating lease assets	$ 104,599	$ 113,256
Operating Lease, Liability, Current, Statement of Financial Position [Extensible Enumeration]	Accrued expenses and other	Accrued expenses and other
Current operating lease liabilities	$ 37,566	$ 39,132
Operating Lease, Liability, Noncurrent, Statement of Financial Position [Extensible Enumeration]	Other long-term liabilities	Other long-term liabilities
Long-term operating lease liabilities	$ 98,521	$ 111,669
Total operating lease liabilities	$ 136,087	$ 150,801

Leases - Schedule of Lease Liabilities (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Leases [Abstract]
Gross lease liabilities	$ 154,385
Less: imputed interest	18,298
Present value of lease liabilities	$ 136,087	$ 150,801

Borrowings - Convertible Notes (Narrative) (Details) - Convertible Debt - USD ($) $ in Millions	1 Months Ended	3 Months Ended
	Nov. 30, 2022	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2023
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Debt face amount		$ 2,200.0
2026 and 2027 Notes
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Interest expense related to amortization of debt		6.0	$ 6.1
Principal – 2027 Notes
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Debt face amount		1,000.0
Debt instrument, fair value		1,100.0		$ 1,300.0
Redemption price percentage	100.00%
Principal – 2026 Notes
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Debt face amount		1,200.0
Debt instrument, fair value		$ 1,100.0		$ 1,400.0

Borrowings - Schedule of Principal and Unamortized Debt Issuance Costs and Other Material Features of Notes (Details) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024 USD ($) $ / shares	Dec. 31, 2023 USD ($)
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Net carrying amount	$ 2,236,415	$ 2,711,750
2026 and 2027 Notes \| Convertible Debt
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Unamortized debt issuance costs, net	(8,817)	(13,250)
Net carrying amount	$ 2,236,415	2,711,750
Principal – 2026 Notes \| Convertible Debt
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Conversion ratio	0.0032392
Conversion price (USD per share) \| $ / shares	$ 308.72
Stated Interest Rates	0.00%
Principal	$ 1,245,232	1,725,000
Principal – 2027 Notes \| Convertible Debt
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Conversion ratio	0.0204526
Conversion price (USD per share) \| $ / shares	$ 48.89
Stated Interest Rates	2.00%
Principal	$ 1,000,000	$ 1,000,000

Borrowings - Convertible Note Repurchase (Narrative) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Pre-tax gains	$ 61,371	$ 0
Principal – 2026 Notes \| Convertible Debt
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Repurchased principal amount	480,000
Aggregate repurchase price	415,000
Pre-tax gains	$ 61,400

Borrowings - Capped Call Transactions (Narrative) (Details) - Principal – 2026 Notes $ / shares in Units, shares in Millions, $ in Millions	1 Months Ended
	Nov. 30, 2021 USD ($) $ / shares shares
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Net cost incurred \| $	$ 48.1
Number of common shares (in shares) \| shares	5.6
Strike price (USD per share)	$ 308.72
Cap price (USD per share)	$ 343.02

Commitments and Contingencies - Schedule of Non-Cancelable Contractual Commitments (Details) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2024 USD ($)
Operating leases
Total	$ 154,385
Remainder of 2024	32,892
2025‑2026	60,279
2027‑2028	36,591
Thereafter	24,623
Purchase commitments
Total	643,505
Remainder of 2024	180,782
2025‑2026	433,298
2027‑2028	29,425
Thereafter	0
Convertible note principal and interest
Total	2,325,232
Remainder of 2024	20,000
2025‑2026	1,285,232
2027‑2028	1,020,000
Thereafter	0
Total
Total	3,123,122
Remainder of 2024	233,674
2025‑2026	1,778,809
2027‑2028	1,086,016
Thereafter	$ 24,623

Commitments and Contingencies - Narrative (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Mar. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Letter of Credit
Long-term Purchase Commitment [Line Items]
Letter of credit outstanding	$ 14.5	$ 13.9

Stock-Based Compensation - Schedule of Stock-Based Compensation Expense (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023
Share-based Payment Arrangement, Expensed and Capitalized, Amount [Line Items]
Total stock-based compensation expense	$ 265,877	$ 163,028
Cost of revenue
Share-based Payment Arrangement, Expensed and Capitalized, Amount [Line Items]
Total stock-based compensation expense	16,806	18,849
Research and development
Share-based Payment Arrangement, Expensed and Capitalized, Amount [Line Items]
Total stock-based compensation expense	87,738	76,483
Sales and marketing
Share-based Payment Arrangement, Expensed and Capitalized, Amount [Line Items]
Total stock-based compensation expense	63,971	35,517
General and administrative
Share-based Payment Arrangement, Expensed and Capitalized, Amount [Line Items]
Total stock-based compensation expense	$ 97,362	$ 32,179

Stock-Based Compensation - Narrative (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	1 Months Ended	3 Months Ended
	Oct. 31, 2022	Mar. 31, 2024
Share-based Payment Arrangement, Expensed and Capitalized, Amount [Line Items]
Incremental stock expense		$ 93
Price-Vested Units
Share-based Payment Arrangement, Expensed and Capitalized, Amount [Line Items]
Granted (in shares)	989,880
Award requisite service period	4 years
Award performance period	7 years

Stock-Based Compensation - Schedule of Stock Option Activity (Details) - $ / shares	3 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Stock Options Outstanding
Beginning balance (in shares)	31,541,466
Granted (in shares)	86,854
Exercised (in shares)	(1,960,774)
Forfeited, cancelled, or expired (in shares)	(175,140)
Ending balance (in shares)	29,492,406	31,541,466
Weighted-Average Exercise Price
Beginning balance (USD per share)	$ 19.35
Granted (USD per share)	26.89
Exercised (USD per share)	6.25
Forfeited, cancelled, or expired (USD per share)	82.32
Ending balance (USD per share)	$ 19.86	$ 19.35
Weighted-Average Remaining Contractual Term (In Years)
Options outstanding, Weighted average remaining contractual term	3 years 9 months 7 days	4 years 9 months 14 days

Stock-Based Compensation - Schedule of Grant-Date Fair Value of Stock Options Granted (Details) - Stock options - $ / shares	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023
Share-based Payment Arrangement, Expensed and Capitalized, Amount [Line Items]
Expected dividend yield	0.00%	0.00%
Risk-free interest rate	4.10%	4.20%
Expected volatility	66.40%	54.70%
Expected term (in years)	6 years 3 months	6 years 3 months
Fair value of underlying common stock (USD per share)	$ 26.89	$ 29.33

Stock-Based Compensation - Schedule of Restricted Stock Unit Activity (Details) - Unvested RSUs and PVUs	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024 $ / shares shares
Number of Shares
Unvested at beginning of period (in shares) \| shares	37,332,551
Granted (in shares) \| shares	1,570,357
Vested (in shares) \| shares	(3,017,254)
Forfeited (in shares) \| shares	(3,409,225)
Unvested at end of period (in shares) \| shares	32,476,429
Weighted-Average Grant-Date Fair Value
Unvested at beginning of period (USD per share) \| $ / shares	$ 38.31
Granted (USD per share) \| $ / shares	30.14
Vested (USD per share) \| $ / shares	45.83
Forfeited (USD per share) \| $ / shares	42.68
Unvested at end of period (USD per share) \| $ / shares	$ 36.76

Stock-Based Compensation - Schedule of Grant-Date Fair Values of ESPP (Details) - Employee Stock Purchase Plan - $ / shares	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Expected dividend yield	0.00%	0.00%
Risk-free interest rate	5.30%	5.20%
Expected volatility	56.00%	94.50%
Expected term (in years)	6 months	6 months
Grant-date fair value per share (USD per share)	$ 9.11	$ 12.44

Stock-Based Compensation - Schedule of Additional Information Related to ESPP (Details) - Employee Stock Purchase Plan - $ / shares	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Shares issued under the ESPP (in shares)	551,146	532,643
Weighted-average price per share issued (USD per share)	$ 24.92	$ 25.87

Income Taxes (Details) $ in Millions	Mar. 31, 2024 USD ($)
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]
Unrecognized tax benefits	$ 184.3
Unrecognized tax benefits that would impact effective tax rate	$ 29.7

Net Loss per Share of Common Stock (Details) - shares shares in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023
Convertible notes
Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share [Line Items]
Antidilutive securities excluded from computation of earnings per share (in shares)	24,488	26,042
Stock options
Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share [Line Items]
Antidilutive securities excluded from computation of earnings per share (in shares)	29,492	34,461
Unvested RSUs and PVUs
Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share [Line Items]
Antidilutive securities excluded from computation of earnings per share (in shares)	32,476	36,079

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