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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 8-K
CURRENT REPORT
Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934
Date of Report (Date of earliest event reported): June 6, 2024
QUANTUM COMPUTING INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
Delaware |
|
001-40615 |
|
82-4533053 |
(State or other jurisdiction
of incorporation) |
|
(Commission File Number) |
|
(IRS Employer
Identification No.) |
5 Marine View Plaza, Suite 214 |
|
|
Hoboken, NJ |
|
07030 |
(Address of principal executive offices) |
|
(Zip Code) |
Registrant’s telephone number, including area code (703) 436-2161
Check the appropriate box below if the Form 8-K
filing is intended to simultaneously satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant under any of the following provisions:
☐ |
Written communications pursuant to Rule 425 under the Securities Act (17 CFR 230.425) |
☐ |
Soliciting material pursuant to Rule 14a-12 under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14a-12) |
☐ |
Pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 14d-2(b) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14d-2(b)) |
☐ |
Pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 13e-4(c) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.13e-4(c)) |
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b)
of the Act:
Title of each class |
|
Trading Symbol(s) |
|
Name of each exchange on which registered |
Common stock (par value $0.0001 per share) |
|
QUBT |
|
The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC |
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant
is an emerging growth company as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act of 1933 (§230.405 of this chapter) or Rule 12b-2 of the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (§240.12b-2 of this chapter).
Emerging growth company ☐
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check
mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting
standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐
Item 2.02. Results of Operations and Financial Condition.
As previously reported, effective May 3, 2024,
Quantum Computing Inc. (the “Company”) dismissed BF Borgers CPA PC (“BF Borgers”) as its independent registered
public accounting firm. On May 3, 2024, the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “Commission”) issued an order reporting
that it had settled administrative and cease-and-desist proceedings against the Company’s former auditor, BF Borgers, and its sole
audit partner, Benjamin F. Borgers CPA, permanently barring BF Borgers and Mr. Borgers from appearing or practicing before the Commission
as an accountant.
Due to the foregoing and the Company’s transition
to a new auditor, the Company will not be able to file its Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended March 31, 2024,
on a timely basis, and is instead furnishing its unaudited condensed consolidated interim financial statements for the period ending March
31, 2024 as Exhibit 99.1 to this Current Report on Form 8-K in an effort to be transparent with its investors. The Company plans to file
its Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period ended March 31, 2024 as soon as practicable after completion of its new independent registered
public accounting firm’s audit of the Company’s consolidated financial statements for its 2023 fiscal year.
In addition, on June 11, 2024, the Company issued
a press release highlighting some of the financial information included in Exhibit 99.1, a copy of which is attached as Exhibit 99.2 hereto.
Exhibits 99.1 and 99.2 contain
financial information that has not been audited or reviewed by the Company’s auditors, nor have the auditors expressed an opinion
regarding such unaudited and unreviewed financial information. Security holders, potential security holders and other prospective investors
are cautioned not to place undue reliance on unaudited and unreviewed financial information.
Item 4.01. Change in Registrant’s Certifying Accountant.
Engagement of New Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm.
Effective June 6, 2024, the Audit Committee of
the Board of Directors of the Company appointed BPM LLP (“BPM”) as the Company’s independent registered public accounting
firm to re-audit the Company’s consolidated financial statements for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2023, as well as to audit
the Company’s consolidated financial statements for the current fiscal year ending December 31, 2024.
During the fiscal years ended December 31, 2022
and 2023, or during any subsequent interim period prior to the engagement of BPM, neither the Company nor anyone on its behalf consulted
with BPM with respect to (a) the application of accounting principles to a specified transaction, either completed or proposed, or the
type of audit opinion that might be rendered on the Company's consolidated financial statements, and neither a written report nor oral
advice was provided to the Company that BPM concluded was an important factor considered by the Company in reaching a decision as to any
accounting, auditing or financial reporting issue, or (b) any matter that was either the subject of a "disagreement" within
the meaning of Item 304(a)(1)(iv) of Regulation S-K and the related instructions or a "reportable event" with the meaning of
Item 304(a)(1)(v) of Regulation S-K.
Item 9.01. Financial Information and Exhibits.
(d) Exhibits.
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements
of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned hereunto
duly authorized.
|
QUANTUM COMPUTING INC. |
|
|
Date: June 11, 2024 |
By: |
/s/ Christopher Boehmler |
|
|
Christopher Boehmler |
|
|
Chief Financial Officer |
Exhibit 99.1
QUANTUM COMPUTING INC.
Unaudited condensed consolidated financial information of the Company
as of March 31, 2024 and for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
PART I – FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1. Unaudited Condensed
Consolidated Financial Statements
QUANTUM COMPUTING INC.
Index to the Condensed Consolidated Financial
Statements
(Unaudited)
QUANTUM COMPUTING INC.
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets
(Unaudited)
| |
March 31, | | |
December 31, | |
| |
2024 | | |
2023 | |
ASSETS | |
| | |
| |
Current assets | |
| | |
| |
Cash and cash equivalents | |
$ | 6,100,769 | | |
$ | 2,059,285 | |
Accounts receivable | |
| 32,200 | | |
| 65,000 | |
Inventory | |
| 155,328 | | |
| 72,650 | |
Loans receivable | |
| 571,499 | | |
| 557,236 | |
Prepaid expenses and other current assets | |
| 498,496 | | |
| 427,577 | |
Total current assets | |
| 7,358,292 | | |
| 3,181,749 | |
Fixed assets (net of depreciation) | |
| 4,380,177 | | |
| 2,869,658 | |
Operating lease right-of-use assets | |
| 736,278 | | |
| 799,942 | |
Intangible Assets-net of amortization | |
| 10,677,017 | | |
| 11,388,015 | |
Goodwill | |
| 59,784,150 | | |
| 60,359,867 | |
Other noncurrent assets | |
| 129,045 | | |
| 129,045 | |
Total assets | |
$ | 83,064,959 | | |
$ | 78,728,275 | |
| |
| | | |
| | |
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY | |
| | | |
| | |
Current liabilities | |
| | | |
| | |
Accounts payable | |
$ | 1,681,063 | | |
$ | 1,461,541 | |
Accrued expenses | |
| 549,468 | | |
| 195,923 | |
Deferred revenue | |
| 8,332 | | |
| 458 | |
Dividends payable - preferred | |
| - | | |
| 215,119 | |
Current portion of long-term debt | |
| 535,684 | | |
| 2,496,480 | |
Other current liabilities | |
| 251,220 | | |
| 250,116 | |
Total current liabilities | |
| 3,025,767 | | |
| 4,619,637 | |
Operating lease liabilities | |
| 775,102 | | |
| 840,085 | |
Total liabilities | |
| 3,800,869 | | |
| 5,459,722 | |
| |
| | | |
| | |
Stockholders’ equity | |
| | | |
| | |
Preferred stock, $0.0001 par value, 1,550,000 shares Series A Convertible Preferred authorized; 1,407,221 and 1,490,004 shares issued and outstanding as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively; 3,079,864 shares of Series B Preferred Stock authorized, 0 and 0 shares issued and outstanding as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively | |
| 141 | | |
| 149 | |
Common stock, $0.0001 par value, 250,000,000 shares authorized; 91,345,140 and 77,451,356 shares issued and outstanding as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively | |
| 9,135 | | |
| 7,745 | |
Additional paid-in capital | |
| 235,879,648 | | |
| 222,979,112 | |
Accumulated deficit | |
| (156,624,834 | ) | |
| (149,718,453 | ) |
Total stockholders’ equity | |
| 79,264,090 | | |
| 73,268,553 | |
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity | |
$ | 83,064,959 | | |
$ | 78,728,275 | |
The accompanying notes are an integral part
of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.
QUANTUM COMPUTING INC.
Condensed Consolidated Statement of
Operations
(Unaudited)
| |
Three Months Ended | |
| |
March 31, | |
| |
2024 | | |
2023 | |
Total revenue | |
$ | 27,325 | | |
$ | 120,530 | |
Cost of revenue | |
| 15,923 | | |
| 56,239 | |
Gross margin | |
| 11,402 | | |
| 64,291 | |
Salaries and Benefits | |
| 1,435,583 | | |
| 1,453,634 | |
Professional Services | |
| 244,417 | | |
| 225,040 | |
Research & Development | |
| 1,409,307 | | |
| 1,534,597 | |
Stock Based Compensation | |
| 1,352,617 | | |
| 1,968,814 | |
Selling General & Administrative | |
| 2,001,955 | | |
| 1,881,408 | |
Operating expenses | |
| 6,443,879 | | |
| 7,063,493 | |
Loss from Operations | |
| (6,432,477 | ) | |
| (6,999,202 | ) |
Other Income and Expense | |
| | | |
| | |
Interest Income | |
| 37,593 | | |
| 31,845 | |
Interest Expense – Promissory Notes | |
| 17,038 | | |
| 214,523 | |
Interest Expense – Preferred dividends | |
| - | | |
| 215,715 | |
Interest Expense – Financing expenses | |
| 494,459 | | |
| 320,236 | |
Other income (expense) | |
| (473,904 | ) | |
| (718,629 | ) |
| |
| | | |
| | |
Income tax expense | |
| - | | |
| - | |
| |
| | | |
| | |
Net loss | |
$ | (6,906,381 | ) | |
$ | (7,717,831 | ) |
| |
| | | |
| | |
Loss per share – basic and diluted | |
| (0.08 | ) | |
| (0.13 | ) |
Weighted average shares – basic and diluted | |
| 82,478,590 | | |
| 58,944,751 | |
The accompanying notes are an integral part
of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.
QUANTUM COMPUTING INC.
Condensed Consolidated Statement of
Stockholders’ Equity
For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2024 and 2023
(Unaudited)
| |
Preferred Stock | | |
Common Stock | | |
Additional Paid | | |
Accumulated | | |
| |
| |
Shares | | |
Amount | | |
Shares | | |
Amount | | |
in Capital | | |
Deficit | | |
Total | |
| |
| | |
| | |
| | |
| | |
| | |
| | |
| |
BALANCES, December 31, 2023 | |
| 1,490,004 | | |
| 149 | | |
| 77,451,356 | | |
$ | 7,745 | | |
$ | 222,979,112 | | |
$ | (149,718,453 | ) | |
$ | 73,268,553 | |
| |
| | | |
| | | |
| | | |
| | | |
| | | |
| | | |
| | |
Issuance of shares for cash | |
| | | |
| | | |
| 13,602,940 | | |
| 1,360 | | |
| 12,578,967 | | |
| | | |
| 12,580,327 | |
Issuance of shares for services | |
| | | |
| | | |
| 72,844 | | |
| 7 | | |
| 57,339 | | |
| - | | |
| 57,346 | |
Stock redemptions | |
| (82,783 | ) | |
| (8 | ) | |
| - | | |
| - | | |
| (455,298 | ) | |
| - | | |
| (455,306 | ) |
Merger consideration | |
| | | |
| | | |
| | | |
| | | |
| (57,572 | ) | |
| - | | |
| (57,572 | ) |
Derivatives & warrants | |
| | | |
| | | |
| | | |
| | | |
| (518,146 | ) | |
| - | | |
| (518,146 | ) |
Stock options | |
| | | |
| | | |
| | | |
| | | |
| 1,159,187 | | |
| | | |
| 1,159,188 | |
Stock-based compensation | |
| | | |
| | | |
| 218,000 | | |
| 22 | | |
| 136,058 | | |
| - | | |
| 136,080 | |
Net loss | |
| - | | |
| - | | |
| | | |
| | | |
| - | | |
| (6,906,381 | ) | |
| (6,906,381 | ) |
BALANCES, March 31, 2024 | |
| 1,407,221 | | |
| 141 | | |
| 91,345,140 | | |
$ | 9,135 | | |
$ | 235,879,648 | | |
$ | (156,624,834 | ) | |
$ | 79,264,090 | |
| |
Preferred Stock | | |
Common Stock | | |
Additional Paid in | | |
Accumulated | | |
| |
| |
Shares | | |
Amount | | |
Shares | | |
Amount | | |
Capital | | |
Deficit | | |
Total | |
| |
| | |
| | |
| | |
| | |
| | |
| | |
| |
BALANCES, December 31, 2022 | |
| 1,500,004 | | |
| 150 | | |
| 55,963,334 | | |
$ | 5,596 | | |
$ | 194,878,766 | | |
$ | (119,987,781 | ) | |
$ | 74,896,731 | |
Issuance of shares for cash | |
| | | |
| | | |
| 3,021,632 | | |
| 302 | | |
| 6,551,153 | | |
| | | |
| 6,551,455 | |
Issuance of shares for services | |
| | | |
| | | |
| 1,500,000 | | |
| 150 | | |
| 2,324,850 | | |
| - | | |
| 2,325,000 | |
Conversion of Preferred | |
| (10,000 | ) | |
| (1 | ) | |
| 11,096 | | |
| 1 | | |
| 596 | | |
| - | | |
| 596 | |
Stock Options | |
| | | |
| | | |
| | | |
| | | |
| 1,675,707 | | |
| - | | |
| 1,675,707 | |
Net loss | |
| - | | |
| - | | |
| | | |
| | | |
| - | | |
| (8,506,139 | ) | |
| (8,506,139 | ) |
BALANCES, March 31, 2023 | |
| 1,490,004 | | |
| 149 | | |
| 60,496,062 | | |
$ | 6,049 | | |
$ | 205,431,072 | | |
$ | (128,493,920 | ) | |
$ | 76,943,350 | |
The accompanying notes are an integral part
of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.
QUANTUM COMPUTING INC.
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash
Flows
For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2024 and 2023
(Unaudited)
| |
Three Months Ended | |
| |
March 31, | |
| |
2024 | | |
2023 | |
Operating activities | |
| | |
| |
Net loss | |
$ | (6,906,381 | ) | |
$ | (8,506,139 | ) |
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities | |
| | | |
| | |
Depreciation, amortization, and other | |
| 895,632 | | |
| 1,667,529 | |
Stock based compensation expense | |
| 1,352,617 | | |
| 4,000,707 | |
Changes in operating assets and liabilities | |
| | | |
| | |
Accounts receivable | |
| 32,800 | | |
| (50,231 | ) |
Inventories | |
| (82,678 | ) | |
| - | |
Other current assets | |
| (85,183 | ) | |
| (30 | ) |
Other long-term assets | |
| 63,664 | | |
| - | |
Accounts payable | |
| 219,522 | | |
| 49,863 | |
Unearned revenue | |
| 7,874 | | |
| - | |
Other current liabilities | |
| 125,154 | | |
| (1,878,000 | ) |
Other long-term liabilities | |
| (64,983 | ) | |
| - | |
Net cash used in operating activities | |
| (4,441,962 | ) | |
| (4,716,301 | ) |
| |
| | | |
| | |
Investing activities | |
| | | |
| | |
Purchases of property and equipment | |
| (1,578,608 | ) | |
| (378,754 | ) |
Net cash used in investing activities | |
| (1,578,608 | ) | |
| (378,754 | ) |
| |
| | | |
| | |
Financing activities | |
| | | |
| | |
Payments of principal of notes payable | |
| (2,062,966 | ) | |
| - | |
Redemptions of preferred stock | |
| (455,307 | ) | |
| - | |
Proceeds from stock issuance (At-The-Market facility) | |
| 12,580,327 | | |
| 6,551,455 | |
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities | |
| 10,062,054 | | |
| 6,551,455 | |
| |
| | | |
| | |
Increase in cash and cash equivalents | |
| 4,041,484 | | |
| 1,456,400 | |
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period | |
| 2,059,285 | | |
| 5,308,466 | |
Cash
and cash equivalents, end of period | |
$ | 6,100,769 | | |
$ | 6,764,866 | |
| |
| | | |
| | |
Supplemental disclosures of other cash flow information: | |
| | | |
| | |
Cash paid for interest | |
$ | 31,412 | | |
$ | 250,000 | |
The accompanying notes are an integral part
of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.
QUANTUM COMPUTING INC.
Notes to the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated
Financial Statements
March 31, 2024
Note 1 – Nature of the Organization and Business
Corporate History
Quantum Computing Inc. (“QCi” or the
“Company”) was formed in the State of Nevada on July 25, 2001, under its prior name, Ticketcart, Inc. The Company redomiciled
to Delaware on February 22, 2018 and changed its name to Quantum Computing Inc. Effective July 20, 2018, the trading symbol for the Company’s
common stock, par value $0.0001, on the OTC Market changed from “IBGH” to “QUBT”. On July 15, 2021 the Company
uplisted to The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC. On June 16, 2022, the Company merged with QPhoton, Inc. (“QPhoton”), a developer
of quantum photonic systems and related technologies and applications.
Nature of Business
QCi is an American company utilizing integrated
photonics and non-linear quantum optics to deliver quantum systems for high-performance computing applications. Quantum’s products
are designed to operate at room temperature and low power. Our core technology enables the execution of a go-to-market strategy which
emphasizes accessibility and affordability. Our quantum systems enable subject matter experts (SMEs) and end users to deliver critical
business solutions today.
The Company initially focused on providing software
tools and applications for several commercially available quantum computers. However, following the June 2022 merger with QPhoton and
its associated intellectual property and engineering team, the Company now offers integrated high-performance quantum systems and services.
The core of our quantum information services today
is our Entropy Quantum Computing (“EQC”) technology. We have built room-temperature, photonic quantum information processing
systems underpinned by a series of patented and patent pending technologies. Our technology, supported by professional services through
our “Quantum Solutions” offering, helps our clients benefit from the technology today. In addition, our leading-edge photonic
technology and engineering teams will enable QCi to continue to enhance quantum LIDAR and sensing systems, imaging systems, quantum-secured
network solutions, and photonic quantum chips.
Liquidity
The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated
financial statements have been prepared in conformity with U.S. GAAP, which contemplate continuation of the Company as a going concern
for a period of one year from the issuance of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements. For the period ended March
31, 2024, the Company had $27,325 in revenues, a net loss of $6,906,381 and had net cash used in operations of $4,441,962. Additionally,
as of March 31, 2024, the Company had working capital of $4,332,526 and an accumulated deficit of $156,624,834. It is management’s
opinion that these conditions raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern for a period of
twelve months from the date of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.
The unaudited condensed consolidated financial
statements do not include any adjustments to reflect the possible future effect on the recoverability and classification of assets or
the amounts and classifications of liabilities that may result from the outcome of this uncertainty.
Successful completion of the Company’s development
program and, ultimately, the attainment of profitable operations are dependent upon future events, including obtaining adequate financing
to fulfill its development activities, acceptance of the Company’s patent applications and ultimately achieving a level of sales
adequate to support the Company’s cost structure. However, there can be no assurances that the Company will be able to secure additional
equity investments or achieve an adequate sales level.
QUANTUM COMPUTING INC.
Notes to the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated
Financial Statements
March 31, 2024
On October 28, 2022, the Company filed a shelf
registration statement on Form S-3 under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), which was declared
effective on November 8, 2022 (the “2022 shelf”). Under the 2022 Shelf at the time of effectiveness, the Company had the ability
to raise up to $100 million by selling common stock, preferred stock, debt securities, warrants and units. On December 5, 2022, the Company
entered into an At-The-Market (“ATM”) Issuance Sales Agreement (the “ATM Agreement”) with Ascendiant Capital Markets,
LLC (“Ascendiant”) relating to the sale of its common stock, and incorporated the ATM Agreement into the 2022 Shelf by amendment
that was declared effective January 10, 2023. On August 17, 2023, the Company and Ascendiant entered into an amendment (the “ATM
Amendment”) to the ATM Agreement, increasing the amount of Common Stock the Company may offer and sell via the “at the market”
equity offering program from $25,000,000 to $50,000,000 (the “ATM Upsize”). Following the ATM Upsize, the Company is able
to offer and sell shares of Common Stock having an aggregate offering price of up to $27,362,717 via the “at the market” equity
offering program. The Company filed a prospectus supplement, dated August 18, 2023 with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”)
in connection with the offer and sale of the shares pursuant to the ATM Amendment (the “Prospectus Supplement”).
Under the terms of the ATM Agreement, as amended,
the Company may, but is not obligated to, offer and sell, from time to time, shares of common stock having an aggregate offering price
of up to $50 million through Ascendiant. Sales of common stock, if any, will be made by any method permitted that is deemed an “at
the market offering” as defined in Rule 415 under the Securities Act. The Company intends to use any net proceeds from the sale
of securities for our operations and for other general corporate purposes, including, but not limited to, capital expenditures, general
working capital, and possible future acquisitions. There were 13,602,940 shares of common stock sold under the ATM Agreement during the
three months ended March 31, 2024 and 3,021,632 shares of common stock sold under the ATM Agreement during the three months ended March
31, 2023. As of March 31, 2024, the Company has utilized $38.1 million of the 2022 Shelf. The Company has approximately $61.9 million
available under the 2022 Shelf and $11.9 million available under the ATM Agreement, as amended, as of March 31, 2024.
Note 2 – Significant Accounting Policies:
Basis of Presentation and Principles of Consolidation:
The Company prepares its unaudited condensed consolidated
financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”)
as determined by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”),
including ASC 810, Consolidation. The unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company
and its controlled subsidiaries. All intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated in consolidation.
The Company’s fiscal year end is December 31.
Cash and Cash Equivalents
Highly liquid investments with a maturity of three
months or less when purchased are considered to be cash equivalents. As of March 31, 2024, the Company had invested $4,511,379 in highly
liquid money market funds managed by Morgan Stanley. The Company maintains the balance of its operating cash in deposit accounts with
high quality financial institutions which, at times, may exceed federally insured limits. The Company has not experienced any losses on
these deposits and believes it is not exposed to significant credit risk on cash.
Use of Estimates:
These unaudited condensed consolidated financial
statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States which requires management
to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities at the date of the unaudited condensed consolidated
financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Some of the more significant estimates
required to be made by management include the determination of reserves for accounts receivable, stockholders’ equity-based transactions
and liquidity assessment. Actual results may differ from these estimates.
QUANTUM COMPUTING INC.
Notes to the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial
Statements
March 31, 2024
Revenue
The Company recognizes revenue in accordance with
ASC 606 – Revenue from Contracts with Customers, by analyzing contracts with its customers using a five-step approach:
|
1. |
Identify the contract |
|
|
|
|
2. |
Identify the performance obligations |
|
|
|
|
3. |
Determine the transaction price |
|
|
|
|
4. |
Allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations |
|
|
|
|
5. |
Recognize revenue when performance obligations are satisfied |
The revenue the Company has recognized in 2023
and the three months ended March 31, 2024, were primarily derived from contracts to perform professional services. Revenue from time and
materials-based contracts is recognized as the direct hours worked during the period times the contractual hourly rate, plus direct materials
and other direct costs as appropriate, plus negotiated materials handling burdens, if any. Revenue from units-based contracts is recognized
as the number of units delivered or performed during the period times the contractual unit price. Revenue from fixed price contracts is
recognized as work is performed with estimated profits recorded on a percentage of completion basis. The Company has no cost-plus type
contracts at this time.
For hardware products, the Company includes depreciation
and amortization expenses in manufacturing overhead, which is a component of cost of revenue cost of revenue. However, at the present
time manufacturing overhead, including depreciation and amortization expense related to production equipment, is not material and the
primary components of cost of revenue are direct labor and direct materials, with a small amount of shipping expenses.
Accounts Receivable and Provision for Credit
Losses
Accounts receivable principally consists of amounts
due from customers for work performed on contracts. The Company records accounts receivable at their net realizable value. Periodically
the Company evaluates its accounts receivable to establish an allowance for doubtful accounts, when deemed necessary, based on the history
of past write-offs, collections and current credit conditions. During 2022 certain accounts receivable, attributable to a single customer,
were determined not to be collectible and management recorded an allowance for doubtful accounts and wrote off the uncollectible receivables
against that account. The accounts receivable as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023 are considered fully collectible and thus management
has not recorded an allowance for doubtful accounts.
Operating Leases - ASC 842
The Company implemented FASB Accounting Standards
Codification, or ASC, Topic 842, Leases (“ASC 842”). The Company determines if an arrangement is a lease at inception. Operating
lease right-of-use (“ROU”) assets are included in right-of-use assets, net on the consolidated balance sheets. The current
and long-term components of operating lease liabilities are included in the current operating lease liabilities and noncurrent operating
lease liabilities, respectively, on the consolidated balance sheets.
Operating lease ROU assets and operating lease
liabilities are recognized based on the present value of the future minimum lease payments over the lease term. As most of the Company’s
leases do not provide an implicit rate, and the Company uses an incremental borrowing rate based on the information available at the commencement
date in determining the present value of future payments. Certain leases may include options to extend or terminate the lease. Lease expense
for minimum lease payments is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term. Leases with an initial term of 12 months or less
are not recorded in the balance sheet. All of our operating leases are comprised of office space leases, and as of December 31, 2023 and
March, 31, 2024, we had no finance leases.
Business Combinations
We account for business combinations under the
acquisition method of accounting, following ASC 805, Business Combinations. This method requires the recording of acquired assets
and assumed liabilities at their acquisition date fair values. The excess of the purchase price over the fair value of assets acquired
and liabilities assumed is recorded as goodwill. Results of operations related to business combinations are included prospectively beginning
with the date of acquisition and transaction costs related to business combinations are recorded withing general and administrative expenses.
QUANTUM COMPUTING INC.
Notes to the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated
Financial Statements
March 31, 2024
Property and Equipment
Property and equipment are stated at cost or contributed
value. Depreciation of furniture, software and equipment is calculated using the straight-line method over their estimated useful lives,
and leasehold improvements are amortized on a straight-line basis over the shorter of their estimated useful lives or the lease term.
The cost and related accumulated depreciation of equipment retired or sold are removed from the accounts and any differences between the
undepreciated amount and the proceeds from the sale are recorded as a gain or loss on sale of equipment. Maintenance and repairs are charged
against expense as incurred.
Research and Development Costs
Research and development costs include costs directly
attributable to the conduct of research and development programs, including the cost of services provided by outside contractors, acquiring
work-in-progress intellectual property, development, and mandatory compliance fees and contractual obligations. All costs associated with
research and development are expensed as incurred.
Software Development Costs
Development costs incurred subsequent to the establishment
of technological feasibility for software intended to be sold, licensed or otherwise marketed to customers will be capitalized, but development
costs not meeting the criteria for capitalization are expensed as incurred. With respect to internal use software, the Company will capitalize
such development costs incurred during the application development stage, but development costs incurred prior to that stage will be expensed
as incurred. To date the Company has not incurred any material capitalizable software development costs.
Stock Based Compensation
The Company has adopted Accounting Standards Update
(“ASU”) No. 2018-07, Compensation-Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Improvements to Nonemployee Share-Based Payment Accounting.
ASU 2018-07 expands the scope of ASC 718, Share-Based Payment, to include share-based payment transactions for acquiring goods
and services from nonemployees. An entity should apply the requirements of ASC 718 to nonemployee awards except for specific guidance
on inputs to an option pricing model and the attribution of cost. ASU 2018-07 specifies that Topic 718 applies to all share-based payment
transactions in which a grantor acquires goods or services to be used or consumed in a grantor’s own operations by issuing share-based
payment awards, and that ASC 718 does not apply to share based payments used to effectively provide (1) financing to the issuer or (2)
awards granted in conjunction with selling goods or services to customers as part of a contract accounted for under ASC 606, Revenue
from Contracts with Customers
Stock-based compensation expense is recorded for
all option grants and awards of non-vested stock and recognized in the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements based on
the grant date fair value of the awards granted. Stock-based compensation is recognized as expense over the requisite service period,
which generally represents the vesting period. The Company calculates the fair value of stock options using the Black-Scholes option-pricing
model at grant date. The Company estimates a rate of forfeiture when recording stock option expense. The assumptions and estimates involved
in the Black-Scholes model require significant judgement and any changes could have a material impact in the determination of stock-based
compensation expense
QUANTUM COMPUTING INC.
Notes to the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated
Financial Statements
March 31, 2024
Earnings (Loss) Per Share:
Basic net loss per common share is computed by
dividing net loss by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted net loss per common share is
computed by dividing net loss attributable to common shareholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding, plus the
number of additional common shares that would have been outstanding if the common share equivalents had been issued (computed using the
“If-Converted” method), unless the effect of such issuances would have been anti-dilutive.
The following table sets forth the computation
of basic and diluted loss per share (except share and per share data):
| |
For the Three Months Ended | |
| |
March 31, | |
| |
2024 | | |
2023 | |
Numerator: | |
| | |
| |
Net loss – basic and diluted | |
$ | (6,906,381 | ) | |
$ | (7,717,831 | ) |
Denominator | |
| | | |
| | |
Basic weighted average common stock outstanding | |
| 82,478,590 | | |
| 58,944,751 | |
Diluted weighted average common stock outstanding | |
| 84,478,590 | | |
| 58,944,751 | |
Loss per share – basic and diluted | |
| (0.08 | ) | |
| (0.13 | ) |
In periods with a reported net loss, the effect of anti-dilutive stock
options, unvested restricted common stock and warrants are excluded and diluted loss per share is equal to basic loss per share. Due to
a net loss in the periods ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, there were therefore no dilutive securities and hence basic and diluted EPS were
the same. The following is a summary of the weighted average common stock equivalents for the securities outstanding during the respective
periods that have been excluded from the computation of diluted net loss per common share, as their effect would be anti-dilutive:
| |
For the Three Months Ended March 31, | |
| |
2024 | | |
2023 | |
Warrants | |
| 2,886,346 | | |
| 6,559,427 | |
Options | |
| 13,329,367 | | |
| 9,908,904 | |
Unvested restricted common stock | |
| 2,402,202 | | |
| - | |
Total potentially dilutive shares | |
| 18,617,915 | | |
| 16,468,331 | |
Note 3 – Business Combinations
Merger with QPhoton, Inc.
On May 19, 2022, the Company, QPhoton, and Yuping
Huang, the principal stockholder of QPhoton (“Mr. Huang”), entered into an Agreement and Plan of Merger (the “Merger
Agreement”), pursuant to which the Company agreed to acquire QPhoton through a series of merger transactions (collectively with
the other transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement, the “Transactions”). On June 16, 2022, all conditions precedent
having been met or waived by the parties, the Company closed the Transactions with QPhoton. The merger with QPhoton adds to the Company’s
portfolio of quantum computing products and enables the Company to offer a wider range of quantum information services. The Company accounted
for the Transactions using the acquisition method in accordance with ASC 805, Business Combinations, with the purchase price being allocated
to tangible and identifiable intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed based on their respective estimated fair values on the
acquisition date. Fair values were initially determined using management estimates at the time of the merger, then updated in June 2023
for the values attributable to intangible assets based on new information the Company received from a third-party valuation. The results
of QPhoton are included within the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements commencing on the acquisition date.
Pursuant to the Merger Agreement, immediately
following the closing of the Transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement (the “Closing”), Merger Sub I (a wholly owned
subsidiary of the Company) merged with and into QPhoton, with QPhoton surviving the merger as a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company,
immediately after which the surviving corporation merged with and into Merger Sub II (also a wholly owned subsidiary of the Company),
with Merger Sub II surviving the merger as a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company (the “Surviving Company”). The merger
consideration to be paid to the stockholders of QPhoton (the “Merger Consideration”) consisted of (i) 5,802,206 shares of
common stock, par value $0.0001 per share, (ii) 2,377,028 shares of a new series of the Company’s preferred stock, par value $0.0001
per share, to be designated Series B convertible preferred stock (“Series B Preferred Stock”), and (iii) warrants to purchase
up to 7,028,337 shares of common stock (the “Warrants”). Each share of Series B Preferred Stock converts into ten (10) shares
of common stock. The Merger Consideration for stockholders Yuping Huang and Stevens Institute of Technology was issued in 2022. The other
stockholder may have forfeited his rights to the Merger Consideration when he filed a claim asserting Appraisal rights under Delaware
law, and pursuant to the terms of the Merger Agreement, all claims to the Merger Consideration had to be submitted to the Company within
twelve (12) months of the Closing. However, the Company is in settlement negotiations with the remaining QPhoton stockholder and has decided
not to post any adjustment to the purchase price of the Transaction until those negotiations are concluded or abandoned.
QUANTUM COMPUTING INC.
Notes to the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial
Statements
March 31, 2024
The purchase price was approximately $83.1 million,
consisting of Company Common Stock, Series B Preferred Stock and Warrants. The purchase agreement did not include any contingent consideration.
Since the Transactions were structured as an exchange of equity securities, the purchase price was calculated based on the fair market
value (in this case the NASDAQ closing price) of the total shares of the Company securities paid to the shareholders of the acquired company,
QPhoton. The closing Price of Company Common Stock on June 16, 2022 was $2.27. The total shares of Company Common Stock offered for QPhoton
was 36,600,823, which assumes all of the 2,377,028 Series B Convertible Preferred shares are converted to Common Stock at the 10:1 ratio,
and that all 7,028,337 warrants to purchase Common Stock are eventually exercised. The warrants were valued using a Black Scholes formula
assuming a maturity of five years, a risk-free interest rate of 2.8%, a volatility of 3.54 and an exercise price of $0.00001. That results
in a total value for the Transactions of $83,083,868. This amount will be used as the purchase price. Under ASC 805 transaction costs
are required to be expensed so legal and accounting fees incurred for the Transactions were not included in the purchase price.
The fair value of the prepaid expenses and security
deposits was set at book value, and the fair value of the fixed assets was written up to the purchase cost to reflect the recent purchase
dates of the equipment relative to the closing date of the merger. To estimate the fair value of the identifiable intangible assets, the
Company recorded an estimate at the time of merger. The Company subsequently engaged a third-party valuation expert (the “Third
Party Valuation Expert”), Scalar, LLC, to conduct an independent analysis in line with purchase price accounting standards. The
Third Party Valuation Expert concluded:
|
● |
that there was no fair value attributable to management’s initial estimate of $10,000,000 for customer relationships based on the lack of current customer contracts; |
|
● |
a fair value of $2,722,000 attributable to the non-compete agreement with the founder using the with-and-without method, based on a variation of the income approach, an increase of $2,222,000 in intangibles compared with management’s initial estimate of $500,000. The with-and-without methodology employed uses two scenarios to value the non-compete asset: (1) the “with scenario” captures the estimated cash flows from the business if all of the existing assets were in place including the non-compete asset, and (2) the “without scenario” captures the estimated cash flows from the business if all of the existing assets were in place except the non-compete asset. The difference between the two scenarios is attributed to the presumed loss of cash flows without the non-compete asset in place and represents the value of the non-compete agreement; |
|
● |
a fair value of $969,000 attributable to the QPhoton trade name and trademark using the relief from royalty methodology, a decrease of $31,000 in intangibles compared with management’s initial estimate of $1,000,000. In the application of the relief from royalty method, the Third Party Valuation Expert estimated the value of the trade names/trademarks by capitalizing the royalties saved by virtue of the Company owning the trade names/trademarks. In other words, the Company realizes a benefit from owning the intangible asset rather than paying a rent or royalty for the use of the asset; |
|
● |
a fair value of $12,200,000 attributable to the technology and licensed patents using the relief from royalty methodology, an increase of $477,780 in intangibles compared with management’s initial estimate of $11,722,220. In calculating the fair value of the technology and licensed patents, the Third Party Valuation Expert followed the same approach as the trade name/trademark analysis; and |
|
● |
that there was no identifiable intangible value attributable to management’s initial estimate of $2,250,000 for employee agreements, rather calculated a fair value of $1,912,000 included in goodwill attributable to the assembled workforce using the replacement cost method. The replacement cost method approximates the cost it would take to reconstruct an asset of similar utility (to create a substitute asset). Specifically, this approach considers all of the costs the Company would have incurred to replace the QPhoton workforce with a brand new (but comparable) workforce. The assembled workforce value is added to goodwill per ASC 805-20-55-6, Assembled Workforce and Other Items that Are not Identifiable, and not tracked separately as an amortizing intangible asset. |
The Company accepted the Third Party Valuation
Expert’s valuation without adjustment.
The following table summarizes the adjusted acquisition
date fair values of assets acquired and liabilities assumed by the Company, including the final results of the analysis performed by the
Third Party Valuation Expert for the intangibles:
Purchase price, net of cash acquired | |
$ | 81,939,939 | |
Less | |
| | |
Prepaid expenses | |
| 16,109 | |
Fixed assets at cost | |
| 116,315 | |
Security deposits | |
| 97,768 | |
Non-compete agreement with founder | |
| 2,722,000 | |
Trade names and trademarks | |
| 969,000 | |
Developed Technology and licensed patents | |
| 12,200,000 | |
Accounts payable and other current liabilities | |
| (2,888,246 | ) |
Goodwill | |
$ | 68,706,993 | |
QUANTUM COMPUTING INC.
Notes to the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial
Statements
March 31, 2024
The purchase price and purchase price allocation
for QPhoton was initially considered finalized as of September 30, 2022, then was subsequently revised after the Company received new
information from the Third Party Valuation Expert’s valuation of intangibles. The following table summarizes the changes of intangibles,
which resulted in an increase to goodwill of $9,581,220 compared to initial purchase price allocation estimates reported in the Company’s
Form 10-Q: Quarterly report for quarter ending June 30, 2022.
| |
Initial Valuation | | |
Final | | |
Increase | |
Intangible Assets | |
Estimate | | |
Valuation | | |
(Decrease) | |
Customer relationships | |
$ | 10,000,000 | | |
$ | - | | |
$ | (10,000,000 | ) |
Non-compete agreement with founder | |
| 500,000 | | |
| 2,722,000 | | |
| 2,222,000 | |
Website domain, trade name and trademark | |
| 1,000,000 | | |
| 969,000 | | |
| (31,000 | ) |
Employment agreements | |
| 2,250,000 | | |
| - | | |
| (2,250,000 | ) |
Technology and licensed patents | |
| 11,722,220 | | |
| 12,200,000 | | |
| 477,780 | |
Total | |
$ | 25,472,220 | | |
$ | 15,891,000 | | |
| (9,581,220 | ) |
Based on the adjusted purchase price allocation,
the goodwill recognized was $68.7 million, which is not expected to be deductible for income tax purposes. The amount allocated to
goodwill and intangible assets reflected the benefits the Company expected to realize from the growth of the acquisition’s operations.
Note Purchase Agreement – the Company
and QPhoton
On February 18, 2022, the Company entered into
a Note Purchase Agreement (the “Note Purchase Agreement”) with QPhoton, pursuant to which the Company agreed to loan money
to QPhoton using two unsecured promissory notes (each, a “Note”), each in the principal amount of $1,250,000, subject to the
terms and conditions of the Note Purchase Agreement. Also on February 18, 2022, pursuant to the terms of the Note Purchase Agreement,
the Company loaned the principal amount of $1,250,000 to QPhoton. On April 1, 2022, pursuant to the terms of the Note Purchase Agreement,
the Company loaned the principal amount of $1,250,000 to QPhoton, for a total loan under the two Notes of $2,500,000.
The Note Purchase Agreement contains customary
representations and warranties by QPhoton and the Company, as well as a “most favored nations” provision for the benefit of
the Company. The Notes issued under the Note Purchase Agreement, including the Notes issued on February 18, 2022 and April 1, 2022, provide
that the indebtedness evidenced by the applicable Note bears simple interest at the rate of 6% per annum (or 15% per annum during the
occurrence of an event of default, as defined in the Notes), and becomes due and payable in full on the earlier of (i) March 1, 2023,
subject to extension by one year at the option of QPhoton, (ii) a change of control (as defined in the Notes) of QPhoton or (iii) an event
of default. As a result of the merger, the Notes and accrued interest are eliminated through consolidation. However, the two Notes have
not been forgiven or converted to equity.
Note 4 – Intangible Assets and Goodwill
As a result of the merger with QPhoton, the Company has the following
amounts related to intangible assets:
| |
Intangible Assets as of: | | |
|
| |
March 31, | | |
December 31, | | |
Amortizable |
Amortizable Intangible Assets | |
2024 | | |
2023 | | |
Life |
Non-compete agreement with founder | |
| 2,722,000 | | |
| 2,722,0.00 | | |
3 years |
Website domain name and trademark | |
| 969,000 | | |
| 969,000 | | |
5 years |
Technology and licensed patents | |
| 12,200,000 | | |
| 12,200,000 | | |
10 years |
Less: accumulated amortization | |
| (5,213,983 | ) | |
| (4,502,985 | ) | |
|
Net intangible assets | |
$ | 10,677,017 | | |
$ | 11,388,015 | | |
|
QUANTUM COMPUTING INC.
Notes to the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial
Statements
March 31, 2024
Intangible assets amortization expense was $710,998
for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and $710,998 for the three months ended March 31, 2023, The Company expects future amortization
expense to be the following:
| |
Amortization | |
Balance of 2024 (excluding the three months ended March 31, 2024) | |
$ | 2,132,993 | |
2025 | |
| 2,314,713 | |
2026 | |
| 1,936,657 | |
2027 | |
| 1,823,607 | |
2028 | |
| 1,742,857 | |
Thereafter | |
| 726,191 | |
Total | |
$ | 10,677,018 | |
The Company recorded goodwill resulting from the
merger with QPhoton, calculated as the difference between the total purchase price and the value of tangible and intangible assets acquired
less the liabilities assumed. The Company recorded goodwill of $65,106,678 resulting from the QPhoton merger. The following table provides
a summary of the changes in goodwill for the periods ended March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023:
| |
March 31, | | |
December 31, | |
| |
2024 | | |
2023 | |
Goodwill, at beginning of year | |
$ | 60,359,867 | | |
$ | 59,125,773 | |
Goodwill additions or adjustments | |
| - | | |
| 9,581,220 | |
Goodwill reduction or impairment | |
| 575,717 | | |
| 8,347,126 | |
Goodwill, at end of year | |
$ | 59,784,150 | | |
$ | 60,359,867 | |
The Company tested the intangible assets and goodwill
for impairment as of December 31, 2023 and concluded there was no impairment of intangible assets or goodwill at that time. For the period
ended March 31, 2024, the Company realized $575,717 in reductions to goodwill related to forfeitures of warrants issued and reserved in
connection with the QPhoton merger on June 16, 2022 (“QPhoton Merger Consideration Warrants”). The QPhoton Merger Consideration
Warrants are forfeited on a pro rata basis when and if stock options and warrants issued and outstanding as of June 15, 2022 are forfeited.
Note 5 – Income Taxes:
The Company has made no provision for income taxes
because there has been no taxable income.
The Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB)
has issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards Number 109 (“SFAS 109”). “Accounting for Income Taxes”,
which requires a change from the deferred method to the asset and liability method of accounting for income taxes. Under the asset and
liability method, deferred income taxes are recognized for the tax consequences of “temporary differences” by applying enacted
statutory tax rates applicable to future years to differences between the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statement carrying
amounts and the tax basis of existing assets and liabilities.
| |
March 31, | |
| |
2024 | | |
2023 | |
Net operating loss carry-forwards | |
$ | 15,747,297 | | |
$ | 11,208,100 | |
Valuation allowance | |
| (15,747,297 | ) | |
| (11,208,100 | ) |
Net deferred tax assets | |
$ | - | | |
$ | - | |
At March 31, 2024, the Company had net operating
loss carry forwards of approximately $15,747,297.
Net operating loss carryforwards are subject to
limitations under Section 382 of the Internal Revenue Code and the Company anticipates that no more than an insignificant portion of this
net operating allowance will ever be used against future taxable income. FASB Codification ASC 740 requires changes in recognition and
measurement for uncertain tax positions. The Company has analyzed its tax positions and concluded that it is not aware of any uncertain
tax positions. If this conclusion changes, the Company will assess the impact of any such changes on its financial position and the results
of operations.
QUANTUM COMPUTING INC.
Notes to the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial
Statements
March 31, 2024
Note 6 – Financial Accounting Developments:
Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements
From time to time, new accounting pronouncements
are issued by the FASB or other standard setting bodies that are adopted by the Company as of the specified effective date. Unless otherwise
discussed, we believe that the impact of recently issued standards that are not yet effective will not have a material impact on our financial
position or results of operations upon adoption. The Company has evaluated the recently implemented accounting standards and concluded
that none currently apply to the Company.
Note 7 – Property and Equipment
| |
March 31, | | |
December 31, | |
Classification | |
2024 | | |
2023 | |
Hardware & Equipment | |
$ | 4,658,004 | | |
$ | 3,092,664 | |
Software | |
| 62,543 | | |
| 49,275 | |
Total cost of property and equipment | |
| 4,720,547 | | |
| 3,141,939 | |
Accumulated depreciation | |
| 340,370 | | |
| 272,281 | |
Property and equipment, net | |
$ | 4,380,177 | | |
$ | 2,869,658 | |
The Company acquired $1,578,608 of property and
equipment during the three months ended March 31, 2024. It is the Company’s policy to capitalize purchases of property and equipment
with a cost of $2,500 or more that benefit future periods.
| |
Estimated Useful Life (Years) | |
Computer and laboratory equipment | |
| 5 | |
Network equipment | |
| 4 | |
Minor equipment | |
| 3 | |
Furniture and fixtures | |
| 7 | |
Software | |
| 3 | |
Leasehold improvements | |
| 5 | |
Maintenance and repairs are charged to operations
when incurred. When property and equipment are sold or otherwise disposed, the asset account and related accumulated depreciation and
amortization accounts are relieved, and any gain or loss is included in other income or expense.
Note 8 – Loans
Notes Payable – BV Advisory Partners,
LLC
As part of our business combination with QPhoton
in June 2022, we acquired a note payable to BV Advisory Partners, LLC. On March 1, 2021, QPhoton entered into a Note Purchase Agreement
with BV Advisory. Under the Note Purchase Agreement, on March 1, 2021, March 23, 2021 and July 9, 2021, BV Advisory, a related party shareholder,
purchased convertible promissory notes from QPhoton for $200,592, $150,000, and $150,000, respectively, for a total of $500,592 (the “BV
Notes”). The BV Notes all bore interest at a rate of 6% per annum and matured 2 years from the grant date. However, QPhoton only
received approximately $375,000 in cash proceeds as $125,041 was paid by BV Advisory directly to The Trustees of the Stevens Institute
of Technology (“Stevens Institute”) on behalf of QPhoton, to satisfy QPhoton’s obligations to reimburse costs incurred
under the terms of their patent license agreement with the Stevens Institute.
QUANTUM COMPUTING INC.
Notes to the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial
Statements
March 31, 2024
On June 16, 2022 the
Company tendered a cashier’s check to BV Advisory in the amount of $535,68.44, representing the full principal balance of the BV
Notes and accrued interest through June 16, 2022. On July 14, 2022 BV Advisory returned the cashier’s check and disputed the calculation
of the amount paid to settle the BV Notes. The BV Notes and accrued interest are recorded as short-term liabilities. On August 15, 2022,
BV Advisory Partners, LLC (“BV Advisory”) filed a complaint in the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware naming the Company
and certain of its directors and officers (among others) as defendants (the “Lawsuit”). BV Advisory Partners, LLC v. Quantum
Computing Inc., et al., C.A. No. 2022-0719-VCG (Del. Ch.). BV Advisory is seeking, among other relief, monetary damages for an alleged
breach of the Note Purchase Agreement between BV Advisory and QPhoton, Inc., the predecessor in interest to QPhoton, LLC, a wholly-owned
subsidiary of the Company, as well as monetary damages for breach of an alleged binding letter of intent among Barksdale Global Holdings,
LLC, Inference Ventures, LLC and QPhoton, Inc. The Company believes that BV Advisory’s claims have no merit and intends to defend
itself vigorously. The Company filed a motion to dismiss the complaint in December 2022, and in March 2023 Plaintiff filed a second amended
complaint. The Company filed a motion to dismiss the second amended complaint, oral argument was held on October 11, 2023 and at this
time that motion is pending before the Court. The Company does not believe it is necessary to accrue an amount in addition to the principal
and interest on the BV Notes at this time.
Unsecured Promissory Note
On September 23, 2022, the Company entered into
a note purchase agreement (the “NPA”) with Streeterville Capital, LLC (“Streeterville”), pursuant to which Streeterville
purchased an unsecured promissory note (the “Note” or the “Streeterville Unsecured Note”) in the initial principal
amount of $8,250,000. The Note bears interest at 10% per annum. The maturity date of the Note is 18 months from the date of its issuance
(the “Maturity Date”). The Note carries an original issue discount of $750,000, which is included in the principal balance
of the Note. If the Company elects to prepay the Note prior to the Maturity Date, it must pay to Investor 120% of the portion of the Outstanding
Balance the Company elects to prepay.
Beginning on the date that is six (6) months after
the issuance date of the Note, Streeterville has the right to redeem up to $750,000 of the outstanding balance of the Note per month (“Redemption
Amount”) by providing written notice to the Company (“Redemption Notice”). Upon receipt of any Redemption Notice, the
Company shall pay the applicable Redemption Amount in cash to Streeterville within three (3) trading days of the Company’s receipt
of such Redemption Notice. No prepayment premium shall be payable in respect of any Redemption Amount. As of March 31, 2024, Streeterville
has redeemed $4,750,000 of the outstanding balance of the Note.
Pursuant to the terms of the NPA, the parties
provided customary representations and warranties to each other. Also, until amounts due under the Note are paid in full, the Company
agreed, among other things, to: (i) timely make all filings under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, (ii) ensure the common stock continues
to be listed on the Nasdaq Stock Market LLC (iii) ensure trading in the common stock will not be suspended, halted, chilled, frozen, reach
zero bid or otherwise cease trading on the Company’s principal trading market, (iv) ensure the Company will not make any Restricted
Issuance (as defined in the Note) without Investor’s prior written consent, which consent may be granted or withheld in Investor’s
sole and absolute discretion, (v) ensure the Company shall not enter into any agreement or otherwise agree to any covenant, condition,
or obligation that locks up, restricts in any way or otherwise prohibits the Company from entering into certain additional transactions
with Streeterville, and (vi) with the exception for Permitted Liens (as defined in the Note), ensure the Company will not pledge or grant
a security interest in any of its assets without Streeterville’s prior written consent, which consent may be granted or withheld
in Streeterville’s sole and absolute discretion.
The Note sets forth certain standard events of
default (such event, an “Event of Default”) that generally, if uncured within seven (7) trading days, may result in the discretion
of Streeterville in certain penalties under the terms of the Note. In this regard, upon an Event of Default, Streeterville may accelerate
the Note by written notice to the Company, with the outstanding balance becoming immediately due and payable in cash at the Mandatory
Default Amount (as defined in the Note). Additionally, upon written notice given by Streeterville to the Company, interest shall accrue
on the Outstanding Balance beginning on the date the applicable Event of Default occurred at an interest rate equal to the lesser of fifteen
percent (15%) per annum simple interest or the maximum rate permitted under applicable law upon an Event of Default.
Note Purchase Agreement Loan
On May 16, 2023, the Company entered into a Summary
of Proposed Terms (the “Letter of Intent”) with millionways, Inc. (“millionways”) to provide bridge loans to millionways
and enter into due diligence to acquire up to 100% of the AI firm. On June 6, 2023, the Company entered into a Note Purchase Agreement
(the “MW Agreement”) with millionways, pursuant to which the Company agreed to purchase from millionways up to three unsecured
promissory notes (each, a “MW Note”), in an aggregate principal amount of up to $2,000,000, subject to the terms and conditions
of the MW Agreement. Also on June 6, 2023, pursuant to the terms of the MW Agreement, the Company purchased the MW Notes from millionways
and loaned an aggregate principal amount of $500,000 to millionways.
The MW Agreement contains customary representations
and warranties by millionways and the Company, as well as a “most favored nations” provision for the benefit of the Company.
The MW Notes issued under the MW Agreement, including the MW Notes issued on June 6, 2023, provide that the indebtedness evidenced by
the applicable MW Note bears simple interest at the rate of 10% per annum (or 15% per annum during the occurrence of an event of default,
as defined in the MW Notes), and becomes due and payable in full on the earlier of (i) May 16, 2024, (ii) a change of control (as defined
in the MW Notes) of millionways, (iii) dollar-for-dollar prepayment for additional capital received through any vehicle from a third party
or (iv) an event of default.
QUANTUM COMPUTING INC.
Notes to the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial
Statements
March 31, 2024
Note 9 – Capital Stock:
Series A Convertible Preferred Offering
From November 10, 2021 through November 17, 2021,
the Company conducted a private placement offering (the “Private Placement”) pursuant to securities purchase agreements with
7 accredited investors (the “Series A Investors”), whereby the Series A Investors purchased from the Company an aggregate
of 1,545,459 shares of the Company’s newly created Series A Convertible Preferred stock, par value $0.0001 per share (the “Series
A Preferred Stock”) and warrants to purchase 1,545,459 shares of common stock for an aggregate purchase price of $8,500,000. The
Private Placement was completed and closed to further investment on November 17, 2021.
The Series A Preferred Stock ranks senior to common
stock with respect to the payment of dividends and liquidation rights. Each holder of Series A Preferred Stock is entitled to receive,
with respect to each share of Series A Preferred Stock then outstanding and held by such holder, dividends at the rate of ten percent
(10%) per annum (the “Preferred Dividends.”) The Company is obligated to pay the Preferred Dividends quarterly, in arrears,
within fifteen (15) days of the end of each quarter. The Company has the option to pay the Preferred Dividends in cash or in common stock,
at a price per share of common stock equal to the average of the closing sale price of the common stock for the five (5) trading days
preceding the applicable dividend payment date. The Preferred Dividends are accrued monthly, but not compounded, and are recorded as interest
expense, because the Preferred Dividends are mandatory and not declared at the discretion of the Board of Directors.
The number of shares of common stock issuable
upon conversion of any share of Series A Preferred Stock shall be determined by dividing (x) the Conversion Amount of such share of Series
A Preferred Stock by (y) the Conversion Price. “Conversion Amount” means, with respect to each share of Series A Preferred
Stock, as of the applicable date of determination, the sum of (1) the stated value thereof plus (2) any accrued dividends. “Conversion
Price” means, with respect to each share of Series A Preferred Stock, as of any optional conversion date, Mandatory Conversion Date
or other date of determination, $5.50, subject to adjustment for stock splits, dividends, recapitalizations and similar corporate events.
The Warrants are two-year warrants to purchase
shares of common stock at an exercise price of $7.00 per share, subject to adjustment, and are exercisable at any time on or after the
date that is six (6) months following the issuance date. The warrants provide for cashless exercise in the event the underlying shares
of common stock are not registered.
In connection with the Purchase Agreement, the
Company and the Series A Investors entered into a registration rights agreement (the “Registration Rights Agreement”) pursuant
to which the Company agreed to file a registration statement to register the shares of common stock underlying the Series A Preferred
Stock and warrants within 180 days. Pursuant to the Registration Rights Agreement, the Series A Investors received certain rights, including
but not limited to piggyback registration rights, providing that the holder be given notice of any proposed registration of securities
by the Company, and requiring that the Company register all or any portion of the registrable securities that the holders request to be
registered, in each case, subject to the terms and conditions of the Registration Rights Agreement.
On April 27, 2022 the Company filed a Resale Form
S-3 as required by the Registration Rights Agreement, pursuant to which the Company agreed to file a registration statement to register
the shares of common stock underlying the Series A Preferred Stock and warrants within 180 days from the closing of the Private Placement.
The Resale Form S-3 went effective on June 2, 2022.
On June 13, 2022, one of the Series A Investors,
Falcon Capital Partners, converted 45,455 shares of Series A Convertible Preferred stock into 47,728 shares of common stock.
On February 9, 2023, one of the Series A Investors,
Greenfield Children, LLC, converted 10,000 shares of Series A Convertible Preferred stock plus accrued dividends into 11,096 shares of
common stock.
As of March 28, 2024, the Board has authorized
two classes of preferred stock. The Board has authorized 1,550,000 shares of preferred stock as the Series A Convertible Preferred stock,
par value $0.0001 per share, of which 1,490,004 shares are issued and outstanding. The Board has also authorized 3,079,864 shares of preferred
stock as the Series B Preferred Stock, par value $0.0001 per share, of which 0 shares are issued and outstanding.
QUANTUM COMPUTING INC.
Notes to the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial
Statements
March 31, 2024
Other Offerings
On January 20, 2023, the Company issued 750,000
shares of common stock to Draper, Inc. and 750,000 shares of common stock to Carriage House Capital, Inc. as compensation for services
rendered in support of the QPhoton merger.
On February 9, 2023, one of the investors in the
Series A Convertible Preferred financing round, Greenfield Children, LLC, converted 10,000 shares of Series A Convertible Preferred stock
plus accrued dividends into 11,096 shares of the Company’s Common Stock.
On February 7, 2024, the Company issued 50,000
shares of common stock to Christopher Roberts per his Separation Agreement and General Release dated June 30, 2023.
From February 7 through March 18, 2024, the Company
issued 72,844 shares of common stock to 5 employees and consultants in exchange for services rendered.
On March 19, 2024, the Company issued 168,000
shares of common stock to Robert Liscouski per his Separation Agreement and General Release dated March 15, 2024.
From January 19 through December 31, 2023 and
January 1, 2024 through March 31, 2024, the Company sold 17,571,926 and 13,602,940 shares of common stock, respectively, through its ATM
facility, managed by Ascendiant Capital, at an average price of $1.45 and $0.92, respectively. The Company received gross proceeds of
$25,496,364 and $12,580,327, respectively, and paid a fee of three percent (3%) to Ascendiant Capital.
Note 10 – Stock Based Compensation
Incentive Plans and Options
The Company’s 2019 Equity and Incentive
Plan, as amended in 2021 (the “2019 Plan”) enabled the Company to grant incentive stock options or nonqualified stock options
and other equity awards to employees, directors and consultants of the Company up to a total of 3,000,000 shares of common stock. All
3,000,000 shares available for issue under the 2019 Plan have been issued.
On July 5, 2022, the Board of Directors adopted
the Company’s 2022 Equity and Incentive Plan (the “2022 Plan”) which provides for the issuance of up to 16,000,000 shares
of common stock. The 2022 Plan was approved by a majority of the shareholders in September 2022. Per the 2022 Plan, the 2022 Plan reserves
increased automatically by 1,000,000 shares on January 1, 2023, providing for a total issuance of up to 17,000,000 shares of common stock.
As of March 31, 2024, a total of 13,015,062 shares and options were issued and outstanding under the 2022 Plan.
The following table presents the assumptions used
in the Black-Scholes option-pricing model to determine the grant-date fair value of stock options granted:
| |
Three and Twelve
Months Ended | |
| |
March 31, | | |
December 31, | |
| |
2024 | | |
2023 | |
Exercise price | |
$ | - | | |
$ | 0.85 – 1.84 | |
Risk-free interest rate | |
| - | | |
| 4.7 – 5.0 | % |
Expected volatility | |
| - | | |
| 194 – 214 | % |
Expected dividend yield | |
| - | | |
| 0 | % |
Expected life of options (in years) | |
| - | | |
| 5.0 | |
The following table summarizes the Company’s option activity
since December 31, 2023:
| |
| | |
Weighted | | |
| |
| |
| | |
Average | | |
Contractual | |
| |
Number of | | |
Exercise | | |
Term | |
| |
Shares | | |
Price | | |
(in years) | |
Outstanding as of December 31, 2023 | |
| 13,843,499 | | |
$ | 4.02 | | |
| 4.0 | |
Granted | |
| - | | |
| - | | |
| - | |
Exercised | |
| - | | |
| - | | |
| - | |
Forfeited | |
| 828,437 | | |
| 2.38 | | |
| - | |
Outstanding as of March 31, 2024 | |
| 13,015,062 | | |
$ | 2.66 | | |
| 3.5 | |
Vested as of March 31, 2024 | |
| 8,441,494 | | |
$ | 3.27 | | |
| 3.2 | |
QUANTUM COMPUTING INC.
Notes to the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial
Statements
March 31, 2024
The following table summarizes the exercise price range as of March
31, 2024:
Exercise Price | | |
Outstanding Options | | |
Exercisable Options | |
$ | 0.85 | | |
| 120,000 | | |
| - | |
$ | 0.86 | | |
| 30,000 | | |
| 10,000 | |
$ | 0.94 | | |
| 30,000 | | |
| - | |
$ | 1.00 | | |
| 120,000 | | |
| 120,000 | |
$ | 1.16 | | |
| 30,000 | | |
| - | |
$ | 1.18 | | |
| 300,000 | | |
| 100,000 | |
$ | 1.19 | | |
| 42,500 | | |
| 12,500 | |
$ | 1.20 | | |
| 87,500 | | |
| - | |
$ | 1.28 | | |
| 25,000 | | |
| 25,000 | |
$ | 1.33 | | |
| 25,000 | | |
| - | |
$ | 1.35 | | |
| 3,780,000 | | |
| 750,000 | |
$ | 1.44 | | |
| 150,000 | | |
| 80,558 | |
$ | 1.45 | | |
| 225,000 | | |
| 225,000 | |
$ | 1.51 | | |
| 5,000 | | |
| - | |
$ | 1.52 | | |
| 60,000 | | |
| 20,000 | |
$ | 1.74 | | |
| 12,500 | | |
| 12,500 | |
$ | 1.84 | | |
| 492,500 | | |
| 377,500 | |
$ | 1.95 | | |
| 80,000 | | |
| 80,000 | |
$ | 2.37 | | |
| 4,472,062 | | |
| 3,981,707 | |
$ | 2.40 | | |
| 970,000 | | |
| 858,334 | |
$ | 2.56 | | |
| 287,500 | | |
| 173,335 | |
$ | 2.61 | | |
| 150,000 | | |
| 113,894 | |
$ | 5.69 | | |
| 12,500 | | |
| 12,500 | |
$ | 5.70 | | |
| 25,000 | | |
| 16,666 | |
$ | 6.49 | | |
| 15,000 | | |
| 10,000 | |
$ | 6.85 | | |
| 650,000 | | |
| 650,000 | |
$ | 7.00 | | |
| 18,000 | | |
| 12,000 | |
$ | 8.85 | | |
| 100,000 | | |
| 100,000 | |
$ | 10.00 | | |
| 650,000 | | |
| 650,000 | |
$ | 11.51 | | |
| 50,000 | | |
| 50,000 | |
| | | |
| 13,015,062 | | |
| 8,441,494 | |
There were no stock options granted during the
three months ended March 31, 2024. The weighted average grant-date fair value of stock options granted during the three months ended March
31, 2023 was $1.81 per share, respectively.
Stock-based compensation
The Company recorded stock-based compensation
expense related to common stock options and restricted common stock in the following expense categories of its consolidated statements
of operations and comprehensive loss:
| |
Three Months Ended | |
| |
March 31, 2024 | | |
March 31, 2023 | |
Research and development | |
| 544,755 | | |
| 728,181 | |
General and administrative | |
| 807,862 | | |
| 1,240,633 | |
Total stock-based compensation | |
$ | 1,352,617 | | |
$ | 1,968,814 | |
As of March 31, 2024, total unrecognized compensation
cost related to common stock options was $4.9 million, which is expected to be recognized over a period of 3.8 years.
QUANTUM COMPUTING INC.
Notes to the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial
Statements
March 31, 2024
Warrants
In connection with a restricted stock units offering
in June 2020, the Company issued warrants in August 2020 to purchase 171,000 shares of the Company’s common stock, at an exercise
price of $2.00. Those warrants are exercisable for five years from the date of issuance. In connection with an offering of Series A Convertible
Preferred stock in November 2021, the Company issued warrants to purchase 1,545,459 shares of the Company’s common stock at an exercise
price of $7.00. Those warrants were exercisable for two years from the date of issuance and have now expired. In connection with the QPhoton
merger on June 16, 2022, the Company issued warrants to purchase 6,325,503 shares of the Company’s common stock at an exercise price
of $0.0001. Those warrants are exercisable when and if stock options and warrants issued and outstanding as of June 15, 2022, are exercised.
The total merger consideration for the QPhoton
merger consisted of 36,600,823 total shares of common stock on an as-converted basis, including 7,028,337 warrants (the “QPhoton
Warrants”) to purchase common stock at an exercise price of $0.0001 per share. The merger consideration was to be granted to the
three stockholders of QPhoton, in exchange for their QPhoton shares. However, one of the three QPhoton shareholders rejected the merger
consideration and commenced litigation in Delaware Chancery Court (see full discussion in Item 3: Legal Proceedings), and to date that
litigation has not been resolved. Accordingly, as of March 31, 2024, we had only issued 6,325,503 of the QPhoton Warrants.
The table below summarizes the warrants outstanding
at March 31, 2024:
Issuance Date | |
Expiration Date | |
Exercise Price | | |
Issued | | |
Exercised | | |
Forfeited / Canceled | | |
Warrants Outstanding | |
August 18, 2020 | |
August 18, 2025 | |
$ | 2.00 | | |
| 171,000 | | |
| (150,000 | ) | |
| - | | |
| 21,000 | |
November 15, 2021 | |
November 15, 2023 | |
$ | 7.00 | | |
| 1,545,459 | | |
| - | | |
| (1,545,459 | ) | |
| - | |
June 16, 2022 | |
May 9, 2027 | |
$ | 0.0001 | | |
| 6,325,503 | | |
| - | | |
| (3,537,691 | ) | |
| 2,787,812 | |
Note 11 – Related Party Transactions
There were no related party transactions during
the three-month periods ended March 31, 2024 and 2023.
Note 12 – Operating Leases:
The Company has use of space in four different
locations, Hoboken, NJ, Tempe, AZ, Arlington, VA, and Minneapolis, MN, under lease or membership agreements, which expire at various dates
through October 31, 2028. The Company’s leases do not provide an implicit rate, and the rates implicit in our leases are not readily
determinable. Therefore the Company uses its incremental borrowing rate as the discount rate when measuring operating lease assets and
liabilities. The incremental borrowing rate represents an estimate of the interest rate the Company would incur at lease commencement
to borrow an amount equal to the lease payments on a collateralized basis over the term of a lease. The Company’s leases all contain
options to extend or renew the lease term.
The table below reconciles the undiscounted future
minimum lease payments under these operating leases to the total operating lease liabilities recognized on the consolidated balance sheet
as of March 31, 2024:
Year | |
Lease Payments Due | |
Balance of 2025 | |
$ | 576,078 | |
2026 | |
$ | 591,551 | |
2027 | |
$ | 515,981 | |
2028 | |
$ | 191,008 | |
2029 | |
$ | - | |
Less: imputed Interest | |
$ | (999,200 | ) |
Present Value of operating lease liabilities | |
$ | 875,418 | |
Other information related to operating lease liabilities
consists of the following:
| |
Three Months Ended | |
| |
March 31, 2024 | | |
March 31, 2023 | |
| |
| | |
| |
Cash paid for operating lease liabilities | |
$ | 65,622 | | |
$ | 93,719 | |
Weighted average remaining lease term in years | |
| 3.5 | | |
| 4.4 | |
Weighted average discount rate | |
| 10 | % | |
| 10 | % |
QUANTUM COMPUTING INC.
Notes to the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial
Statements
March 31, 2024
Note 13 – License Agreement – Stevens Institute of Technology
Effective December 17, 2020, QPhoton signed a
License Agreement with the Stevens Institute. The License Agreement enables the Company to commercially use technology such as licensed
patents, licensed patent applications and licensed “Know-How”. QPhoton is also able to issue sublicenses for the technology
under the agreement. The agreement is effective until the later of: (i) the 30-year anniversary of the effective date, or (ii) the expiration
of the licensed patent or licensed patent application that is last to expire. As part of the merger of the Company and QPhoton, the Stevens
License Agreement was assigned to the Company.
During the term of the agreement and prior to
any commercialization or sublicensing of the technology by the Company, the Company shall be required to submit annual reports to the
Stevens Institute reporting on all research, development, and efforts toward commercialization and/or sublicensing made during the year.
Once any commercialization and/or sublicensing has been initiated, the Company shall deliver quarterly reports to the Stevens Institute
reporting on the revenue received by the Company, all sublicenses derived from the sale of licensed products, and the net sales price
associated with each transaction. The Company will be responsible for reimbursing Stevens for any costs associated with the prosecution
and maintenance of the licensed patents and licensed patent applications moving forward.
Consideration for the agreement
As consideration for the license and other rights
granted under the agreement, QPhoton agreed to pay the following: (i) $35,000 within 30 days of execution of the agreement, (ii) $28,000
within 30 days of each annual anniversary of the effective date, (iii) equity in the Company equivalent to nine percent of the outstanding
equity of the Company within 30 days of the execution of the agreement, and (iv) royalties of 3.5% of the net sales price of each licensed
product sold or licensed by the company during the quarter then-ended, for which it also received payment, concurrent with the delivery
of the relevant quarterly report.
As of March 31, 2024 the Company has begun to
commercialize some of the licensed technology, though has not recorded any related revenue and hence has not incurred any royalty expenses
payable to the Stevens Institute.
Note 14 – Subsequent Events:
On April 1, 2024 the Company filed a motion in
New Jersey Superior Court for reconsideration of the Court’s March 7, 2024 order dismissing the Company’s defamation and fraud
complaint against the BV Defendants on procedural grounds. On May 1, 2024, the NJ Court affirmed its initial order dismissing the case
with prejudice and directed the Company to file its claims in Delaware. The Company is currently evaluating whether it should file the
claims in Delaware.
From April 1, 2024 through June 10, 2024, the
Company redeemed 165,556 shares of Series A Convertible Preferred in two payments of $455K each, for a cumulative redemption amount of
$1,365,000. As of June 10, 2024 there are 1,241,655 outstanding shares of Series A Convertible Preferred issued and outstanding.
On May 3, 2024, the U.S. Securities and Exchange
Commission (the “SEC”) released an Order Instituting Public Administrative and Cease-and-Desist Proceedings Pursuant to Section
8A of the Securities Act of 1933, Sections 4C and 21C of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and Rule 102(e) of the Commission’s
Rules of Practice, Making Findings, and Imposing Remedial Sanctions and a Cease-and-Desist Order. Also on May 3, 2024, the Company dismissed
BF Borgers CPA PC (“BF Borgers”) as its independent registered public accounting firm. The decision to dismiss BF Borgers
was made with the recommendation and approval of the Audit Committee of the Company. The SEC has advised that, in lieu of obtaining a
letter from BF Borgers stating whether or not it agrees with the statements below, the Company may indicate that BF Borgers is not currently
permitted to appear or practice before the SEC for reasons described in the SEC’s Cease and Desist Order.
On May 28, 2024, the Delaware Court of Chancery
issued rulings dismissing the BV Advisory petition to appoint a receiver for the Company without prejudice and granting in part the Company’s
motion to dismiss the BV Advisory lawsuit for breach of contract and related claims, dismissing eight of the ten counts in the complaint.
Effective June 6, 2024, the Audit Committee of
the Board of Directors of the Company appointed BPM LLP (“BPM”) as the Company’s independent registered public accounting
firm to re-audit the Company’s unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2023,
as well as to audit the Company’s unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements for the current fiscal year ending December
31, 2024.
There are no other events of a subsequent nature
that in management’s opinion are reportable.
Item 2. Management’s Discussion
and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
This unaudited condensed consolidated financial
statements of the Company as of March 31, 2024 and for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 and other reports filed Quantum
Computing Inc. from time to time with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) contain or may contain forward-looking
statements and information that are based upon beliefs of, and information currently available to, the Company’s management as well
as estimates and assumptions made by Company’s management. Readers are cautioned not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking
statements, which are only predictions and speak only as of the date hereof. When used in the filings, the words “anticipate,”
“believe,” “estimate,” “expect,” “future,” “intend,” “plan,” or
the negative of these terms and similar expressions as they relate to the Company or the Company’s management identify forward-looking
statements. Such statements reflect the current view of the Company with respect to future events and are subject to risks, uncertainties,
assumptions, and other factors, including the risks contained in the “Risk Factors” section of the Company’s Annual
Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023, relating to the Company’s industry, the Company’s operations
and results of operations, and any businesses that the Company may acquire. Should one or more of these risks or uncertainties materialize,
or should the underlying assumptions prove incorrect, actual results may differ significantly from those anticipated, believed, estimated,
expected, intended, or planned.
Although the Company believes that the expectations
reflected in the forward-looking statements are reasonable, the Company cannot guarantee future results, levels of activity, performance,
or achievements. Except as required by applicable law, including the securities laws of the United States, the Company does not intend
to update any of the forward-looking statements to conform these statements to actual results.
Our unaudited condensed consolidated financial
statements are prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“GAAP”). These accounting
principles require us to make certain estimates, judgments and assumptions. We believe that the estimates, judgments and assumptions upon
which we rely are reasonable based upon information available to us at the time that these estimates, judgments and assumptions are made.
These estimates, judgments and assumptions can affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities as of the date of the unaudited condensed
consolidated financial statements as well as the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the periods presented. Our unaudited
condensed consolidated financial statements would be affected to the extent there are material differences between these estimates and
actual results. In many cases, the accounting treatment of a particular transaction is specifically dictated by GAAP and does not require
management’s judgment in its application. There are also areas in which management’s judgment in selecting any available alternative
would not produce a materially different result. The following discussion should be read in conjunction with our unaudited condensed consolidated
financial statements and notes thereto appearing elsewhere in this report.
When we say “we,” “us,”
“our,” “Company,” or “QCi,” we mean Quantum Computing Inc.
Overview
Quantum Computing Inc. is an American company
utilizing non-linear quantum optics (optical devices whose output due to quantum effects is exponentially, not linearly, related to inputs)
to deliver quantum products for high-performance computing applications. QCi’s products are designed to operate at room temperature
and use low power. Our core technology enables the execution of a go-to-market strategy that emphasizes accessibility and affordability
as the key selling points.
QCi was founded in 2018 and our initial business
was developing platform agnostic enterprise software for quantum computing systems. In June 2022, QCi acquired its wholly-owned subsidiary
QPhoton, Inc. (subsequently renamed QPhoton, LLC) (“QPhoton”), a photonics hardware company (the “QPhoton Merger”).
That merger enables QCi to now offer high-performance quantum systems integrated with the Company’s software platform, Qatalyst,
that existed before the QPhoton Merger.
QCi’s core technology is Entropy Quantum
Computing (“EQC”). EQC is a patent pending methodology that utilizes the environment to drive controlled energy loss in a
photonic architecture. Using quantum measurements of single photons as a source of feedback, the energy loss of the system is driven to
a “ground state solution” where additional computational iterations no longer change the output. The ground state solution
is the optimized result (the answer to the problem posed). This methodology allows for very low power consumption and room temperature
operation. Also, due to the nature of the measurement and feedback process, EQC drives non-linear quantum interactions for “dense,
fully connected” problem solving. We anticipate that our core technologies will enable us to develop and produce multiple generations
of quantum machines with increasing computational power, capacity, and speed, as well as the eventual hardware miniaturization to produce
optical integrated circuits to replace the discrete components currently used. We expect these systems to deliver performance advantages
over classical computational machines with the long-term goal of solving complex problems more effectively and efficiently with greater
scalability, lower power consumption, and lower cost.
In addition to our photonic computing platform,
we have leveraged QCi’s core technology to demonstrate powerful quantum sensing use cases in LIDAR (Light Detection and Ranging),
reservoir computing (a form of neural network that can be used in machine learning applications) and quantum cyber authentication (a method
for highly secure communication within a network). Several of these important technologies are already in early stages of commercialization.
Our longer-term product development plan is to
migrate product designs based on discrete components to a set of optical integrated circuits built on wafers using a crystalline material
called lithium niobate (“Thin Film Lithium Niobate” or “TFLN”). The Company believes that TFLN is an excellent
material for design and implementation of optical integrated circuits suitable for our quantum computing and sensing products because
it is crystal based and hence can have optical waveguides directly etched into the material. QCi possesses strong domain experience and
intellectual property in TFLN design and chip fabrication and has completed initial production of several specialty devices such as electro-optical
modulators (“EOM’s”). The Company has begun buildout of a state-of-the-art TFLN chip manufacturing facility in a leased
space within Arizona State University’s Research Park in Tempe, Arizona. The Company’s understanding is that this could be
the nation’s first dedicated optical integrated circuit manufacturing facility using TFLN wafers to achieve quantum effects. Our
plan for the facility is to produce a range of custom lithium niobate chips for use in our own product lines as well as chips for sale
in the commercial market. The Company has plans to support this initiative by applying for funding for distinct uses under both the Title
17 Clean Energy Financing Program managed by the US Department of Energy’s Loan Programs Office and also the Creating Helpful
Incentives to Produce Semiconductors Act of 2022 (the “CHIPS Act”), which allocates $52 billion for the revitalization
and onshoring of semiconductor manufacturing in the U.S. The CHIPS Act funding specifically includes $39 billion in manufacturing incentives
and $13 billion to support new research and development.
The recent market report published by Market
Research Reports: Document ID: LPI08232779; Published August 8, 2023 “Thin Film Lithium Niobate Market Forecast
2023 – 2029,” indicates a significant underlying market growth for TFLN devices. The study covers use applications and
segments that suggest the global TFLN EOM market, valued at $190.4 million in 2022, is forecast to grow an estimated $1,931.3 million
by 2029 - a compound annual growth rate of 39 percent. The report further describes that the demand increase is principally driven
by the material advantages that were summarized above. Specifically, TFLN EOM’s have the advantages of large bandwidth, low power
consumption, and small size.
Strategy
QCi’s strategy is to provide a range of
accessible and affordable quantum machines to commercial and government markets. Our proprietary technology is central to our strategy
because we believe that it enables us to leverage the advantages of size, weight, power and cost (over competing cryogenic products to
drive market adoption and volume of sales.
In addition to cloud-based access to our quantum
computers, we offer on premises installation of our EQC product, rack-mountable and compatible with standard server room infrastructure
requiring no need for special cooling, shielding, or power considerations. The Company believes the EQC’s small rack-mountable size
and low-energy consumption provides a substantial competitive edge as compared to superconducting, cryogenic quantum systems offered by
competitors that are also designed to solve optimization problems.
We believe that the practical benefits to the
customer of QCi’s core offerings are:
|
● |
Powerful performance in speed and quality of solution for large complex optimization problems |
|
|
|
|
● |
Plug and play compatibility with existing IT infrastructure |
|
|
|
|
● |
Low power consumption – normal operation under 80 watts |
|
|
|
|
● |
Scalability with potential for migration to nanophotonic system-on-a-chip designs |
Market Opportunity
Despite enormous growth in the capabilities of
conventional computers and silicon microprocessors, some of the world’s most important computational problems are still considered
impractical to solve in a reasonable period of time. Quantum computing represents a potential alternative approach to solving those problems
because quantum computers apply the properties of quantum physics to operate in a fundamentally different way. Conventional computer chips
use binary bits (ones and zeros) to represent information. Quantum computers utilize qubits (quantum bits), which leverage some of the
properties of quantum physics, namely superposition and entanglement, to process computations that would be intractably difficult using
conventional computers.
While quantum-based computers will not replace
conventional computers in most applications, they are ideally suited to run optimization algorithms, as well as to calculate certain sensing,
imaging, and cybersecurity problems that are beyond the reach of general silicon-based computing today. The Company believes that quantum
solutions have the potential to bring order of magnitude advances in the fields of medicine, engineering, autonomous vehicles, and cybersecurity
and that the demand for quantum computing in these market sectors will likely outpace and outperform the general-purpose computing market
in the near- to mid-term and into the foreseeable future.
Our core technology offers practical, cost-effective
solutions that materially advance the adoption of quantum machines across several market segments including:
|
2. |
Quantum Intelligence (Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning) |
Industry Trends
Quantum computing is a component of the large
and global high-performance computing industry, which is comprised of hardware, software, and services for compute-intensive applications.
The rapid adoption of technologies such as artificial intelligence, 3D imaging, artificial intelligence/large language models, and the
Internet of Things (IoT), have served to exponentially increase the generation of data, driving up the demand for high-performance computing.
Estimates of the size of this industry vary, but according to Grand View Research, the high-performance computing market was valued at
$39.1 billion in 2019 and is expected to reach a value of $53.6 billion by 2027, see Grand View Research - High Performance Computing
Market Size Worth $53.6 Billion By 2027, https://www.grandviewresearch.com/press-release/global-high-performance-computing-hpc-market
(Information contained on, or that can be accessed through, this website is not incorporated by reference in this Annual Report, and you
should not consider information on this website to be part of this Annual Report).
The high-performance computing market is important
for many industries, including, but not limited to, IT, aerospace, healthcare, automotive, and e-commerce. Examples of compute-intensive
applications include optimization, data management, analytics, encryption, natural language processing and complex modeling. Quantum computing
is expected to be useful for similar applications. According to a report from Allied Market Research, the global enterprise quantum computing
market size was valued at $1.3 billion in 2020 and is projected to reach $18.3 billion by 2030, growing at a compound annual growth rate
of 29.7% from 2021 to 2030, according to a published report on the enterprise quantum computing market at https://www.alliedmarketresearch.com/enterprise-quantum-computing-market
(Information contained on, or that can be accessed through, this website is not incorporated by reference in this Annual Report, and you
should not consider information on this website to be part of this Annual Report).
While the current quantum computing market comprises
a fraction of the broader high-performance computing market, we anticipate that quantum computers will unlock new applications that are
unlikely to be addressable by existing high-performance computers comprised of leveraging classical processing units.
Quantum computing is a nascent and rapidly developing
technology that has shown promise in delivering potentially disruptive computing capabilities. We believe that quantum computing’s
immense compute capabilities qualify it as a subset of high-performance computing. As quantum computing hardware continues to advance,
we expect a corresponding growth in demand for software capable of leveraging the compute capabilities of quantum computing hardware.
As an early participant in this rapidly growing ecosystem, we believe we are well-positioned to capture and drive a meaningful amount
of this category growth. We believe that there is further potential upside from quantum computing and technology more broadly opening
new markets not included in traditional high-performance computing market size estimates.
Economic Conditions, Challenges, and Risks
The markets for high-performance conventional
and quantum computing and cloud-based services are dynamic and highly competitive. Our competitors are developing new computing devices,
while also enhancing competing cloud-based services for businesses. Aggregate demand for our solutions, services, and devices is also
correlated to global macroeconomic and geopolitical factors, which remain dynamic. We must continue to evolve and adapt over an extended
time in pace with this changing environment.
The investments we are making in Quantum Optical
Chips and devices will continue to increase our operating costs and may decrease our operating margins. Components for our devices are
primarily manufactured by third-parties. Some of our products contain certain components for which there are very few qualified suppliers.
Extended disruptions at these suppliers could impact our ability to manufacture devices on time to meet consumer demand.
Our success is highly dependent on our ability
to attract and retain qualified employees. We hire a mix of university and industry talent. We compete for talented individuals by offering
an exceptional working environment, an ability to work on new, ground-breaking quantum technology, the ability to grow one’s career
across many different products and businesses, and competitive compensation and benefits.
Results of Operations
Three Months Ended March 31, 2024 and 2023
The following table summarizes the highlights
of our financial performance for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and March 31, 2023 as well as the increase (decrease) and percentage
changes between the periods presented:
| |
Three Months Ended March 31, 2024 | | |
Three Months Ended March 31, 2023 | | |
Dollar Change | | |
Percentage Change | |
Revenue | |
$ | 27,325 | | |
$ | 120,530 | | |
$ | (93,205 | ) | |
| (77 | )% |
Cost of revenue | |
| 15,923 | | |
| 56,239 | | |
| (40,316 | ) | |
| (72 | )% |
Operating expenses | |
| 6,443,879 | | |
| 7,063,493 | | |
| (619,614 | ) | |
| (9 | )% |
Loss from operations | |
| (6,432,477 | ) | |
| (6,999,202 | ) | |
| 566,725 | | |
| (8 | )% |
Other income (expenses) | |
| (473,904 | ) | |
| (718,629 | ) | |
| (244,725 | ) | |
| (34 | )% |
Net loss | |
| (6,906,381 | ) | |
| (7,717,831 | ) | |
| (811,450 | ) | |
| (11 | )% |
Loss per common share – basic and diluted | |
$ | (0.08 | ) | |
$ | (0.13 | ) | |
$ | 0.05 | | |
| (38 | )% |
Revenues
| |
Three Months Ended March 31, 2024 | | |
Three Months Ended March 31, 2023 | | |
Increase (Decrease) | | |
Percentage Change | |
Products | |
$ | - | | |
$ | - | | |
$ | - | | |
| - | |
Services | |
| 27,325 | | |
| 120,530 | | |
| (93,205 | ) | |
| (77 | )% |
Total | |
$ | 27,325 | | |
$ | 120,530 | | |
$ | (93,205 | ) | |
| (77 | )% |
Revenues for the three months ended March 31,
2024 were $27,325 compared to $120,530 for the comparable prior year period, a decrease of $93,205 or 77%. The decrease in revenues is
primarily due to changes in the number and size of active customer contracts and the level of effort performed on each one during the
periods. Revenue in the current reporting period is derived from professional services provided to multiple government and commercial
customers under multi-month contracts.
Cost of Revenues
Cost of revenues, which consists of direct labor
expenses, primarily salary expense for engineering and solutions staff delivering services, was $15,923 for the three months ended March
31, 2024 compared to $56,239 for the comparable prior year period, a decrease of $40,316 or 72%. The decrease is primarily due to the
decrease in direct labor expense required to perform on the contracts in the current quarter compared to the prior year period.
Gross Profit/Gross Margin
Gross profit and gross margin for the three months
ended March 31, 2024 was $11,402 and 42%, respectively, compared to $64,291 and 53%, respectively, for the comparable prior year period,
a decrease of $52,889 and 57%, respectively. The change was nearly entirely the result of a reduction in contractual service revenue where
the cost of goods sold was defined under the terms of our general professional services obligation. Our lack of a scaled and distributed
base of revenue generation by product and sales channel can result in large swings in gross margin between reporting periods.
Operating Expenses
Operating expenses consist of payroll and employee
benefits, external contractor, consulting and professional services costs, stock-based compensation expense and general and administrative
expenses, including other headcount-related expenses associated with finance, legal, human resources and other administrative personnel,
depreciation and amortization, certain taxes, and legal and other administrative fees. Operating expenses for the three months ended March
31, 2024 were $6,443,879 compared to $7,063,493 for the comparable prior year period, a decrease of $619,614 or 9%. The year-over-year
change was driven primarily by a decrease in stock option expenses.
Net Loss
Our net loss for the three months ended March
31, 2024 was $6,906,381 compared to a net loss of $7,717,831 for the comparable prior year period, a decrease of $811,450 or 11%. In
addition to the changes in operating expenses discussed above, net loss was also impacted favorably by decreases in preferred dividends
and promissory notes of $413,199 partially offset by $181,078 of increased financing costs resulting from the Company’s use of
our ATM facility.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
We have incurred net losses and experienced negative
cash flows from operations since inception. To date, since February 2018, the Company has raised $73,086,595 through private and public
placements of equity and $12,633,000 through private placements of convertible promissory notes and other debt for a total of $85,719,595
through March 31, 2024. The Company has no lines of credit and $535,684 in short-term debt obligations outstanding. We expect to incur
additional losses and higher operating expenses for the foreseeable future as we continue to invest in research and development and go-to-market
programs. We have determined that additional financing will be required to fund our operations for the next 12 months and our ability
to continue as a going concern is dependent upon obtaining additional capital and financing. As of March 31, 2024, the Company had cash
and cash equivalents of $6,100,769.
Our primary uses of cash are to fund our operations
as we continue to grow our business. We will require a significant amount of cash for expenditures as we invest in ongoing research and
development and non-linear quantum optical chips and fund business operations. Until such time as we can generate significant revenue
from sales or subscriptions of our hardware offerings, we expect to finance our cash needs through public and/or private equity and/or
debt financings or other capital sources, including but not limited to U.S. government grant and loan programs. However, we may be unable
to raise sufficient funds or enter into such other arrangements, when needed, on favorable terms, or at all. In particular, uncertain
and unfavorable conditions in the United States and global macroeconomic environment, including inflationary pressures, rising interest
rates, banking collapses, and financial and credit market fluctuations, could reduce our ability to access capital on favorable terms,
or at all. To the extent that we raise additional capital through the sale of equity or convertible debt securities, the ownership interest
of our stockholders will be, or could be, diluted, and the terms of these securities may include liquidation or other preferences that
adversely affect the rights of our common stockholders. Debt financing and equity financing, if available, may involve agreements that
include covenants limiting or restricting our ability to take specific actions, such as incurring additional debt, making capital expenditures
or declaring dividends. If we are unable to raise additional funds through equity or debt financings when needed, we may be required to
delay, limit, or substantially reduce our quantum computing development and go-to-market efforts.
The following table summarizes total current assets,
liabilities and working capital at March 31, 2024, compared to December 31, 2023:
| |
March 31, 2024 | | |
December 31, 2023 | | |
Increase (Decrease) | |
Current Assets | |
$ | 7,358,292 | | |
$ | 3,181,748 | | |
$ | 4,176,544 | |
Current Liabilities | |
$ | 3,025,767 | | |
$ | 4,619,637 | | |
$ | (1,593,870 | ) |
Working Capital (Deficit) | |
$ | 4,332,525 | | |
$ | (1,437,889 | ) | |
$ | 5,770,414 | |
At March 31, 2024, the Company had working capital
of $4,332,525 compared to a working capital deficit of $1,437,889 at December 31, 2023. The $5,770,414 increase in working capital is
primarily due to additional cash of $2,070,896 obtained from net proceeds from sales of our common stock under the ATM facility during
the current period, partially offset by our payoff of the Streeterville Unsecured Note.
Cash Flows
Net cash used in operating activities for the
three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 was $4,441,962 and $4,716,301, respectively, in each case primarily as a result of our net
loss in each period offset by noncash adjustments for stock-based compensation and depreciation and amortization.
Net cash used in investing activities for the
three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 was $1,578,608 and $378,754, respectively, and were attributable to our purchase of computer
hardware and laboratory equipment. The increase in investment in the current period is primarily due to the purchase of additional equipment
in establishing the Company’s TFLN chip manufacturing facility in a leased space within Arizona State University’s Research
Park in Tempe, Arizona.
Net cash provided by financing activities was
$10,062,054 and $6,551,455 for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. Cash flows provided by financing activities
during the three months ended March 31, 2024 were attributable to use of the ATM facility to sell shares of our common stock, offset by
repayments on the Streeterville Unsecured Note and redemptions of Series A Preferred shares. Cash flows provided by financing activities
during the period ended March 31, 2023 were attributable to the use of the ATM facility to sell shares of our common stock.
During the first three months of 2024, we have
funded our operations primarily through the sale of shares of our common stock and the use of cash on hand.
On a long-term basis, our liquidity is dependent
on continuation and expansion of operations and receipt of revenues. Demand for the products and services will be dependent on, among
other things, market acceptance of our products and services, the technology market in general, and general economic conditions, which
are cyclical in nature.
Critical Accounting Estimates
Certain of our accounting policies require the
application of significant judgment by our management, and such judgments are reflected in the amounts reported in our unaudited condensed
consolidated financial statements. In applying these policies, our management uses judgment to determine the appropriate assumptions to
be used in the determination of estimates. Those estimates are based on our historical experience, terms of existing contracts, our observance
of market trends, information provided by our strategic partners and information available from other outside sources, as appropriate.
Actual results may differ significantly from the estimates contained in our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.
Revenue
The Company recognizes revenue in accordance with
ASC 606 – Revenue from Contracts with Customers. We recognize revenue from time and materials-based contracts as the direct
hours worked during the period times the contractual hourly rate, plus direct materials and other direct costs as appropriate, plus negotiated
materials handling burdens, if any. Revenue from fixed price contracts is recognized as work is performed with estimated profits recorded
on a percentage of completion basis. The Company has no cost reimbursement (“cost-plus”) type contracts at this time.
Legal and Other Contingencies
The outcomes of legal proceedings and claims brought
against us are subject to significant uncertainty. An estimated loss from a loss contingency such as a legal proceeding or claim is accrued
by a charge to income if it is probable that an asset has been impaired or a liability has been incurred and the amount of the loss can
be reasonably estimated. In determining whether a loss should be accrued we evaluate, among other factors, the degree of probability of
an unfavorable outcome and the ability to make a reasonable estimate of the amount of loss. Changes in these factors could materially
impact our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.
Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market
Risk
Not applicable.
Item 4. Controls and Procedures
(a) Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
We maintain “disclosure controls and procedures,”
as such term is defined in Rule 13a-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”). In designing
and evaluating our disclosure controls and procedures, our management recognized that disclosure controls and procedures, no matter how
well conceived and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the objectives of disclosure controls and procedures
are met. Additionally, in designing disclosure controls and procedures, our management necessarily was required to apply its judgment
in evaluating the cost-benefit relationship of possible disclosure controls and procedures. The design of any disclosure controls and
procedures also is based in part upon certain assumptions about the likelihood of future events, and there can be no assurance that any
design will succeed in achieving its stated goals under all potential future conditions.
As of the end of the three-month period ending
March 31, 2024, we carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our principal
executive officer and our principal financial officer, of the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures. Based on such evaluation,
our principal executive officer and principal financial officer concluded that as of March 31, 2024, our disclosure controls and procedures
were not effective to provide reasonable assurance that (a) the information required to be disclosed by us in the reports that we file
or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s
rules and forms, and (b) such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and
President and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. Specifically, the Company
does not have sufficient accounting staff to enable proper segregation of duties.
(b) Changes in Internal Control over Financial
Reporting
There were no changes in our internal control
over financial reporting (as defined in Rule 13a-15(f) and Rule 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act) during our most recent fiscal quarter
that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
PART II – OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1. Legal Proceedings
Except as listed below, there is no action, suit,
or proceeding by any court, public board, government agency, self-regulatory organization or body pending or, to the knowledge of the
executive officers of the Company or our subsidiaries, threatened against or affecting the Company, our common stock, our subsidiaries,
or the Company’s or its subsidiaries’ officers or directors in their capacities as such, in which an adverse decision could
have a material adverse effect on the Company.
BV Advisory Partners, LLC (“BV Advisory”)
was purportedly a shareholder of QPhoton, the predecessor in interest to QPhoton, LLC, a wholly owned subsidiary of the Company (both
referred to as “QPhoton” in this Legal Proceedings discussion). On October 13, 2022, BV Advisory filed a petition in the Court
of Chancery of the State of Delaware seeking appraisal rights on the shares of common stock of QPhoton it allegedly owns (which shares
represented 10% of the shares of common stock of QPhoton outstanding immediately prior to the Company’s acquisition of QPhoton)
pursuant to Section 262 of the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware. The parties agreed to suspend discovery pending resolution
of outstanding motions in two related cases, and the Company does not have sufficient information to assess the potential impact of the
appraisal demand at this time.
In addition, on March 1, 2021, QPhoton entered
into a Note Purchase Agreement with BV Advisory. Under the Note Purchase Agreement, on March 1, 2021, March 23, 2021 and July 9, 2021,
QPhoton and BV Advisory entered into convertible promissory notes for $200,592, $150,000, and $150,000, respectively, for a total of $500,592
(the “BV Notes”). The BV Notes all bore interest at a rate of 6% per annum and matured two years from the grant date.
On June 16, 2022, the effective date of our acquisition
of QPhoton, QPhoton tendered a cashier’s check to BV Advisory in the amount of $535,684.24, representing the full principal balance
of the BV Notes and accrued interest through June 16, 2022. BV subsequently filed suit against the Company disputing the calculation of
the payment amount and asserting other claims.
On August 16, 2022, BV Advisory filed a complaint
in the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware naming the Company and certain of its directors and officers (among others) as defendants
(the “Lawsuit”). BV Advisory is seeking, among other relief, monetary damages for an alleged breach of the Note Purchase Agreement
between BV Advisory and QPhoton, as well as monetary damages for alleged breach of an alleged binding letter of intent among Barksdale
Global Holdings, LLC (“BGH”), Inference Ventures, LLC (“Inference Ventures”) and QPhoton. BV Advisory and its
affiliates claim that pursuant to the letter of intent they had the right to acquire additional shares in QPhoton by investing $2.5 million
in QPhoton. BV Advisory claims QPhoton refused to allow BV Advisory to purchase the equity. However, BV Advisory never made the
additional investment in QPhoton. The Company believes that BV Advisory’s claims have no merit and intends to defend itself vigorously.
The Company filed a motion to dismiss the Lawsuit, and on May 28, 2024 the Court dismissed eight of the ten counts in the BV Advisory
complaint.
On December 30, 2022 the Company, QPhoton and
Robert Liscouski (the “Quantum Plaintiffs”) filed suit in the Superior Court of New Jersey (the “NJ Court”) against
Keith Barksdale, Michael Kotlarz, BV Advisory, BGH, Power Analytics Global Corporation (“PAG”), and Inference Ventures (and
together with Barksdale, Kotlarz, BV Advisory, BGH, and PAG the “BV Defendants”), alleging fraud, aiding and abetting fraud,
defamation, and conspiracy to defraud, seeking monetary and injunctive relief. The Company claims that the BV Defendants have made numerous
public statements defaming the Company and its management in furtherance of a plan to manipulate the trading prices of the Company’s
common stock, and that the BV Defendants misrepresented their ownership in QPhoton and conspired to acquire additional shares of QPhoton
at the Company’s expense. The BV Defendants filed a motion to dismiss the complaint on March 24, 2023, and on June 5, 2023, the
NJ Court largely denied the BV Defendants’ motion. On January 31, 2024, the BV Defendants filed a motion for reconsideration
of their motion to dismiss. On March 7, 2024, the NJ Court issued an order, granting the BV Defendant’s motion dismissing the Company’s
case on procedural grounds because, according to the NJ Court, the Company can assert its claims against Defendants in the Delaware courts.
The Company filed a motion for reconsideration of the order dismissing the case, which was argued on April 30, 2024. On May 1, 2024 the
NJ Court affirmed its initial order dismissing the case and directed the Company to file its claims in Delaware. The Company is currently
evaluating whether it should file the claims in Delaware and does not have sufficient information at this time to assess the potential
impact of the action against the BV Defendants.
On July 27, 2023, BV Advisory and its managing
member, Keith Barksdale, as alleged stockholders of and claimants against the Company, filed a petition in the Court of Chancery of the
State of Delaware to appoint a receiver for the Company based on allegations that the Company is insolvent due to purported poor corporate
governance and cash management. The petition also objects to the Company’s approach to raising capital. In a related motion, the
petitioners also sought expedited treatment of the petition on July 28, 2023, alleging that they face a threat of irreparable harm. The
Company strongly disagrees with the allegations in the petition and plans to vigorously defend ourselves against these claims. On August
23, 2023, the Company filed a motion to dismiss the petition. The Company’s motion to dismiss and BV Advisory’s motion for
expedited treatment were argued before the Court on October 11, 2023. The Court denied BV Advisory’s motion to expedite and on May
28, 2024 the Court granted the Company’s motion to dismiss the petition without prejudice.
Item 1A. Risk Factors
We believe there are no changes that constitute
material changes from the risk factors previously disclosed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023, filed
with the SEC on April 1, 2024.
Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities,
Use of Proceeds, and Issuer Repurchases of Equity Securities
There were no unregistered sales of the Company’s
equity securities during the quarter ended March 31, 2024.
Item 3. Defaults upon Senior Securities
There has been no default in the payment of principal,
interest, sinking or purchase fund installment, or any other material default, with respect to any indebtedness of the Company.
Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures
Not Applicable.
Item 5. Other Information
None
10
Exhibit 99.2
Quantum Computing Inc. Reports First Quarter
2024 Financial Results
HOBOKEN, NJ – June 11,
2024 – Quantum Computing Inc. (“QCi” or the “Company”) (Nasdaq: QUBT), an
innovative, quantum optics and nanophotonics technology company, today released in an effort to be transparent its
preliminary, unaudited financial results for the three-month period ended March 31, 2024. QCi also announced that it has engaged BPM
LLP as the Company’s new registered independent public accounting firm. Additional details of the Company’s financial
results are included in our Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) on June
11, 2024, which can be viewed on the investor relations section of QCi’s website.
First quarter 2024 financial highlights:
| ● | First
quarter 2024 revenues totaled approximately $27,000 (42% gross margin). Revenues to date have consisted primarily of professional services
that utilize the Dirac-series computers and other prototype design and configuration services. |
| ● | First
quarter 2024 operating expenses totaled $6.4 million, which is an 18% decrease compared to the first quarter of 2023. |
| ● | Research
and development expenses for the quarter totaled $1.4 million, relatively consistent with the first quarter of 2023. |
| ● | Selling,
general and administrative expenses decreased 25% compared to the first quarter of 2023. |
| ● | The
Company reported a net loss of $6.9 million, or $(0.08) per basic share, compared to a net loss of $8.5 million, or $(0.14) per basic
share, for the same period of the previous year. |
| ● | As
of March 31, 2024, the Company’s gross tax net operating loss carryforwards were approximately $15.7 million. |
| ● | Total
assets as of March 31, 2024, were $83.1 million, an increase of approximately $4.3 million compared to December 31, 2023. |
| ● | As
of March 31, 2024, cash and cash equivalents increased $4 million from December 31, 2023 to $6.1 million. |
| ● | Total
liabilities as of March 31, 2024, were $3.8 million, a decrease of approximately $1.7 million compared to December 31, 2023. |
| ● | As
of March 31, 2024, the Company had positive stockholders’ equity totaling $79.3 million, an increase of approximately 8.2% compared
to December 31, 2023. |
The financial information disclosed in this
release and the accompanying Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on June 11, 2024 is preliminary and unreviewed. These estimated
results are subject to change upon completion of the Company’s quarter-end financial review process.
Quantum Computing Inc. (QCi) (Nasdaq: QUBT)
is an innovative, integrated photonics company that provides accessible and affordable quantum machines to the world today. QCi products
are designed to operate at room temperature and low power at an affordable cost. The Company’s portfolio of core technology and
products offer unique capabilities in the areas of high-performance computing, artificial intelligence, cybersecurity as well as remote
sensing applications.
For investor
relations inquiries, contact John Nesbett at jnesbett@imsinvestorrelations.com, and for public relations inquiries, contact Jessica
Tocco at jessica.tocco@a10associates.com.
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