OTLC Oncotelic Therapeutics Inc (QB)

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

NOTE 1 – DESCRIPTION OF BUSINESS AND BASIS OF PRESENTATION

Description of Business

Oncotelic Therapeutics, Inc. (f/k/a Mateon Therapeutics, Inc.) (“Oncotelic”), was formed in the State of New York in 1988 as OXiGENE, Inc., was reincorporated in the State of Delaware in 1992, and changed its name to Mateon Therapeutics, Inc. in 2016, and Oncotelic Therapeutics, Inc. in November 2020. Oncotelic conducts business activities through Oncotelic and its wholly owned subsidiaries, Oncotelic, Inc., a Delaware corporation, PointR Data, Inc. (“PointR”), a Delaware corporation: and EdgePoint AI, Inc. (“Edgepoint”), a Delaware Corporation for which there are non-controlling interests, (Oncotelic, Oncotelic Inc., PointR and Edgepoint are collectively called the “Company” or “We”). The Company is currently developing OT-101 for various cancers and COVID-19, Artemisinin for COVID-19 and AI technologies for clinical development and manufacturing. The Company has acquired apomorphine for Parkinson’s Disease, erectile dysfunction and female sexual dysfunction. In addition, the Company is evaluating the further development of its product candidates OXi4503 as a treatment for acute myeloid leukemia and myelodysplastic syndromes and CA4P in combination with a checkpoint inhibitor for the treatment of advanced metastatic melanoma.

In April 2019, Oncotelic completed a merger with Oncotelic Inc., which became a wholly owned subsidiary of Oncotelic. The merger was treated as a recapitalization and reverse acquisition for financial accounting purposes. Oncotelic Inc. is considered the acquirer for accounting purposes, and Oncotelic Inc.’s historical financial statements before the merger have been replaced with the historical financial statements of Oncotelic Inc. prior to the merger in the financial statements and filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). For more information on this merger, refer to our 2020 Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on April 15, 2021.

In August 2019, the Company entered into an Agreement and Plan of Merger with PointR Date, Inc. PointR survived the merger as a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company. The PointR Merger was intended to create a publicly-traded artificial intelligence (“AI”) driven immuno-oncology company with a robust pipeline of first in class TGF-β immunotherapies for late stage cancers such as gliomas, pancreatic cancer and melanoma. In November 2019, pursuant to the terms of the PointR Merger Agreement, the Company completed the PointR Merger. For more information on this merger, refer to our 2020 Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on April 15, 2021.

In February 2020, the Company formed a subsidiary, Edgepoint. Edgepoint was formed as a start-up company, with plans to develop technologies and IP related to various unmet issues within the pharma and medical device industries. The Company may spin off Edgepoint into a separate public company in the future.

The Company is a cancer immunotherapy company dedicated to the development of first in class self-immunization protocol (“SIP™”) candidates for difficult to treat cancers. The Company’s proprietary SIP™ candidates offer advantages over other immunotherapies because they do not require extraction of the tumor or isolation of the antigens, and they have the potential for broad-spectrum applicability for multiple cancer types. The Company’s proprietary product candidates have shown promising clinical activity in phase 2 trials for the treatment of gliomas and pancreatic cancers. The Company aims to translate its unique insights, which span more than three decades of original work using RNA therapeutics, into the deployment of antisense as a RNA therapeutic for diseases which are caused by TGF-β overexpression, starting with cancer and expanding to Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (“DMD”) and others. Oncotelic Inc.’s product candidate, OT-101, is being developed as a broad-spectrum anti-cancer drug that can also be used in combination with other standard cancer therapies to establish an effective multi-modality treatment strategy for difficult-to-treat cancers. Together, the Company plans to initiate phase 3 clinical trials for OT-101 in both high-grade glioma and pancreatic cancer, and any other indications that may evolve. The Company is evaluating the further development of its product candidates OXi4503 as a treatment for acute myeloid leukemia and myelodysplastic syndromes and CA4P in combination with a checkpoint inhibitor for the treatment of advanced metastatic melanoma.

The Company is also developing OT-101 for the various epidemics and pandemics, similar to the current coronavirus (“COVID-19”) pandemic. In this connection, the Company entered into an agreement and supplemental agreement with Golden Mountain Partners (“GMP”) for a total of $1.2 million to render services for the development of OT-101. Such amount was recorded as revenue upon completion of all performance obligations under the agreement. Further, In June 2020, the Company secured $2 million in debt financing from GMP to conduct a clinical trial evaluating OT-101 against COVID-19. The Company discontinued enrollment in its OT-101 clinical trial in patients with COVID-19 in June 2021. In September 2021, the Company secured a further $1.5 million in debt from GMP to complete the study. The trial completed randomization of 32 out of 36 patients planned, on an intent to treat basis. The discontinuance of the trial was due to the continuing rise of more severe variants in Latin America, leading to exhaustion of medical care infrastructure in Latin America.

In 2020 and 2021, the Company was developing Artemisinin as a potential therapy for COVID-19. Artemisinin, purified from a plant Artemisia annua. It can inhibit TGF-β activity and is able to neutralize COVID-19. The Company initially conducted a study and the test results during an in vitro study at Utah State University showed Artemisinin having an EC50 of 0.45 ug/ml, and a Safety Index of 140. Artemisinin can target multiple viral threats, including COVID-19, by suppressing both viral replication and clinical symptoms that arise from viral infection. Viral replication cannot occur without TGF-β. In a clinical study undertaken in India, clinical consequences related to the TGF-β surge, including ARDS and cytokine storm, were suppressed by targeting TGF-β with Artemisinin. The ARTI-19 trials were conducted in India by Windlas Biotech Limited (“Windlas”), the Company’s business partner in India. Windlas had applied for regulatory approval for its Artemisinin based product, ArtiShield^TM, but has not been able to obtain regulatory approval for use of ArtiShield^TM as a COVID-19 therapy and as such, no significant revenues have been reported by Windlas nor have we accrued any royalties on Artemisinin due from Windlas. We intend to focus future development on Artemisinin against other respiratory viruses with unmet needs.

Between October 2021 and March 2022, GMP provided $1.0 million to the Company to fund operations on the way to complete a JV with the Company.

Fundraising

J.H. Darbie Financing Notes & Issuance of Oncotelic Warrants

Between July 2020 and March 2021, the Company issued and sold a total of 100 units (“Units”), with each Unit consisting of (i) 25,000 shares of Edgepoint common stock, par value $0.01 per share (“Edgepoint Common Stock”), for a price of $1.00 per share of Edgepoint Common Stock; (ii) one convertible promissory note issued by the Company (the “Unit Note”), convertible into up to 25,000 shares of EdgePoint Common Stock at a conversion price of $1.00 per share, or up to 138,889 shares of the Company’s Common Stock, at a conversion price of $0.18 per share; and (iii) 100,000 warrants, consisting of (a) 50,000 warrants to purchase an equivalent number of shares of EdgePoint Common Stock at $1.00 per share (“Edgepoint Warrant”), and (b) 50,000 warrants to purchase an equivalent number of shares of Company Common Stock at $0.20 per share (“Oncotelic Warrant”) (collectively, the “JH Darbie Financing”).

In June 2021, the Company and the Investors agreed to extend the maturity date of the Notes from June 30, 2021, to March 31, 2022. In addition, the Company and JHDarbie identified an error in the Oncotelic Warrants and JH Darbie Financing documents which intended to have the investors to purchase $50,000 of shares of Common Stock or Edgepoint Common Stock. However, the Company only issued 50,000 Oncotelic Warrants, with an aggregate exercise price of $10,000. The error was corrected by the Company and the Company issued to the Investors an aggregate of 20.0 million additional Oncotelic Warrants, and 2.0 million additional Oncotelic Warrants to J.H. Darbie., as placement agent. Each Investor was entitled to receive 200,000 additional Oncotelic Warrants for each Unit purchased. The issuance of the additional warrants resulted in the Company recording an expense of $2,023,552 in the Company’s statement of operations during the year ended December 31, 2021. No similar expense was recorded in the same period in 2020. Management reviewed the guidance per ASC 470-60 Troubled debt restructurings and ASC 470-50 Debt-Modifications and Extinguishments and concluded that the terms of the agreements were not substantially different as of June 30, 2021, and, accounted for the transaction as a debt modification.

In February 2022, the Company and 99 out of 100 of the Investors agreed to extend the maturity date of the Notes from March 31, 2022, to March 31, 2023. In addition, the Company issued approximately 33 million Oncotelic Warrants to purchase $50,000 of shares of Common Stock in connection with agreeing to extend the maturity date by one year. The issuance of the additional warrants resulted in the Company recording an expense of approximately $2.9 million in the Company’s statement of operations during the three months ended March 31, 2022. No similar expense was recorded in the same period in 2020. Management reviewed the guidance per ASC 470-60 Troubled debt restructurings and ASC 470-50 Debt-Modifications and Extinguishments and concluded that the terms of the agreements were not substantially different as of June 30, 2021, and, accounted for the transaction as a debt extinguishment.

Equity Purchase Agreement

In May 2021, the Company entered into an Equity Purchase Agreement (the “EPL”) and Registration Rights Agreement (the “Registration Rights Agreement”) with Peak One Opportunity Fund, L.P. (“Peak One”), pursuant to which the Company shall have the right, but not the obligation, to direct Peak One to purchase up to $10.0 million (the “Maximum Commitment Amount”) in shares of the common stock, par value $0.01 per share (“Common Stock”) in multiple tranches. The Company has directed Peak One, on ten occasions, for an aggregate of 3.7 million shares of Common Stock for aggregate net cash proceeds of approximately $0.4 million.

The Company filed a post-effective amendment to reregister the EPL on April 26, 2022 and the post effective amendment was found effective by the SEC on May 6, 2022.

August 2021 Notes

In August 2021, the Company issued Note Purchase Agreements with Autotelic Inc., the Company’s Chief Financial Officer (“CFO”), and certain other accredited investors. Under the terms of the Note Purchase Agreements, the Company issued an aggregate of $698,500 (the “Principal Amount”) in debt in the form of unsecured convertible promissory notes (collectively, the “Notes”). The Notes are unsecured and provide for interest at the rate of 5% per annum. Such Notes were issued against some of the short-term debt due as of June 30, 2021. All amounts outstanding under the Notes become due and payable at such time as determined by the holders of a majority of the Principal Amount of the Notes (the “Majority Holders”), on or after (a) the one-year anniversary of the Notes, or (b) the occurrence of an Event of Default (as defined in the Note Purchase Agreements) (the “Maturity Date”). The Company may prepay the Notes at any time. Events of Default under the Notes include, without limitation, (i) failure to make payments under the Notes within thirty (30) days of the Maturity Date, (ii) breaches of the Note Purchase Agreement or Notes by the Company which is not cured within thirty (30) days of notice of the breach, (iii) bankruptcy, or (iv) a change in control of the Company (as defined in the Note Purchase Agreements). The Majority Holders have the right, at any time not more than five days following the Maturity Date, to elect to convert all, and not less than all, of the outstanding accrued and unpaid interest and principal on the Notes. The Notes may be converted, at the election of the Majority Holders, into shares of the Company’s common stock, par value $0.01 per share (“Common Stock”), at a fixed conversion price of $0.18 per share.

Joint Venture with GMP Bio

On March 31, 2022, the Company formalized a joint venture (“JV”) with Dragon Overseas Capital Limited (“Dragon”) and GMP Biotechnology Limited (“GMP Bio”), both affiliates of GMP. For more information on the JV, refer to Note 6 of the Notes and our Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on April 6, 2022.

Although no assurances can be given, the Company and GMP currently intend to conduct an initial public offering of the JV, at a future date, on either the Hong Kong Exchange or other stock exchange.

In September 2021, the Company entered into an Unsecured Convertible Note Purchase Agreement (the “Purchase Agreement”) with GMP, pursuant to which the Company issued a convertible promissory note in the aggregate principal amount of $1.5 million (the “September 2021 Note”), which September 2021 Note is convertible into shares of the Company’s Common Stock.

In October 2021, the Company entered into an Unsecured Convertible Note Purchase Agreement (the “October Purchase Agreement”) with GMP, pursuant to which the Company issued a convertible promissory note in the aggregate principal amount of $0.5 million (the “October 2021 Note”), which October 2021 Note is convertible into shares of the Company’s Common Stock.

In January 2022, the Company entered into an Unsecured Convertible Note Purchase Agreement (the “January 2022 Purchase Agreement”) with GMP, pursuant to which the Company issued a convertible promissory note in the aggregate principal amount of $0.5 million (the “January 2022 Note”), which January 2022 Note is convertible into shares of the Company’s Common Stock.

For more information on the September 2021 Note, the October 2021 Note and the January 2022 Note, refer to our 2021 Annual Report on Form 10K filed with the SEC on April 15, 2022.

November/December 2021 Notes

In November and December 2021, the Company entered into various Securities Purchase Agreements with Talos Victory Fund, LLC (the (“Talos”), Mast Hill Fund, LP (“Mast”), FirstFire Global Opportunities Fund, LLC (“FirstFire”), Blue Lake Partners, LLC (“Blue Lake”) and Fourth Man, LLC (“Fourth Man”), pursuant to which the Company issued convertible promissory notes in the aggregate principal amount of $0.25 million each, aggregating gross $1.25 million (the “Notes”), which Notes are convertible into shares of the Company’s common stock, par value $0.01 per share (“Common Stock”).

The Purchase Agreements were entered into as part of a convertible note financing round with aggregate gross proceeds to the Company of up to $1.25 million (the “Financing”), undertaken by the Company pursuant to that certain Finder’s Fee Agreement between the Company and JH Darbie & Co., Inc. (“JH Darbie”), dated October 26, 2021 (the “Agreement”). All of the Purchase Agreements and the Note contain identical terms except with reference to the name of the holders, the use of proceeds, which include repayment of certain debt, general corporate expenses and payroll, as applicable and the jurisdictions.

In January 2022, three of the five note holders under the November and December 2021 Notes exercised their warrants to purchase shares of Common Stock of the Company on a cashless basis. As such, the Company issued the note holders 3,041,958 shares of Common Stock.

For more information on the notes, refer to Note 6: November – December 2021 Financing of the Notes to the Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements.

Licensing Agreement with Autotelic Inc.

In September 2021, the Company entered into an exclusive License Agreement (the “Agreement”) with Autotelic, Inc. (“Autotelic”), pursuant to which Autotelic granted Oncotelic, among other things: (i) the exclusive right and license to certain Autotelic Patents (as defined in the Agreement) and Autotelic Know-How (as defined in the Agreement); and (ii) a right of first refusal to acquire at least a majority of the outstanding capital stock of Autotelic prior to Autotelic entering into any transaction that is a financing collaboration, distribution revenues, earn-outs, sales, out-licensing, purchases, debt, royalties, merger acquisition, change of control, transfer of cash or non-cash assets, disposition of capital stock by way of tender or exchange offer, partnership or any other joint or collaborative venture, research collaboration, material transfer, sponsored research or similar transaction or agreements. In exchange for the rights granted to Oncotelic, Autotelic will be entitled to earn the milestone payments of up to $50 million upon achievement of certain financial, development and regulatory milestones. In addition to the milestone payments, Autotelic would be entitled to earn royalties equal to 15% of the net sales of any products that incorporate the Autotelic Patents or Autotelic Know-How. The Agreement contains representations, warranties and indemnification provisions of each of the parties thereto that are customary for transactions of this type.

Principles of Consolidation

The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Oncotelic, its wholly owned subsidiaries, Oncotelic Inc. and PointR, and Edgepoint our non-controlled interest entity. Intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

Basis of Presentation

The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared by the Company pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission including Form 10-Q and Regulation S-X. The information furnished herein reflects all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring accruals and adjustments) which are, in the opinion of management, necessary to fairly state the operating results for the respective periods. Certain information and footnote disclosures normally present in annual financial statements prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“US GAAP”) have been omitted pursuant to such rules and regulations.

Liquidity and Going Concern

The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared assuming that the Company will continue as a going concern. The Company has incurred net accumulated losses of approximately $35.9 million since inception of Oncotelic Inc., as the Company’s historical financial statements before the Merger have been replaced with the historical financial statements of Oncotelic Inc. The Company also has a negative working capital of approximately $16.7 million at March 31, 2022, of which approximately $2.6 million contingent liability of issuance of common shares of the Company to PointR shareholders upon achievement of certain milestones in accordance with the PointR Merger Agreement. The Company has negative cash flows from operations for the three months ended March 31, 2022 of approximately $1.0 million. These conditions raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern for a period of one year from the date of this filing. Management expects to incur additional losses in the foreseeable future and recognizes the need to raise capital to remain viable. The accompanying consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustments that might be necessary should the Company be unable to continue as a going concern.

The Company’s long-term plans include continued development of its current pipeline of products, in addition to continue the development of OT-101 which is now the product of the JV, to generate sufficient revenues, through either technology transfer or product sales, to cover its anticipated expenses. Until the Company is able to generate sufficient revenues from its current pipeline, the Company plans on funding its operations through the sale of equity and/or the issuance of debt, combined with or without warrants or other equity instruments.

Although no assurances can be given as to the Company’s ability to deliver on its revenue plans, or that unforeseen expenses may arise, management believes that the potential equity and debt financing or other potential financing will provide the necessary funding for the Company to continue as a going concern. Also, management cannot guarantee any potential debt or equity financing will be available on favorable terms or at all. As such, management does not believe the Company has sufficient cash for 12 months from the date of this report. If adequate funds are not available on acceptable terms, or at all, the Company will need to curtail operations, or cease operations completely.

NOTE 2 - SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with US GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, equity-based transactions and disclosure of contingent liabilities at the date of the financial statements and revenues and expense during the reporting period. Actual results could materially differ from those estimates.

The Company believes the following critical accounting policies affect its more significant judgments and estimates used in the preparation of the financial statements. Significant estimates include the valuation of goodwill and intangible assets for impairment, deferred tax asset and valuation allowance, and fair value of financial instruments.

Cash

As of March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively, the Company held all its cash in banks in the United States of America. The Company considers investments in highly liquid instruments with a maturity of three months or less to be cash equivalents. The Company did not have any cash equivalents as of March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively. Restricted cash consists of certificates of deposits held at banks as collateral for various purposes.

Debt issuance Costs and Debt discount

Issuance costs are specific incremental costs that are (1) paid to third parties and (2) directly attributable to the issuance of a debt or equity instrument. The issuance costs attributable to the initial sale of the instrument are offset against the associated proceeds in the determination of the instrument’s initial net carrying amount.

Debt issuance costs and debt discounts are being amortized over the lives of the related financings on a basis that approximates the effective interest method. Costs and discounts are presented as a reduction of the related debt in the accompanying balance sheets if related to the issuance of debt or presented as a reduction of additional paid in capital if related to the issuance of an equity instrument. The Company applies the relative fair value to allocate the issuance costs among freestanding instruments that form part of the same transaction.

If the Company amends the terms of its convertible notes, the Company reviews and applies the guidance per ASC 470-60 Troubled debt restructurings and ASC 470-50 Debt-Modifications and Extinguishments, evaluates and concludes whether the terms of the agreements were or were not substantially different as of a particular reporting date and accounts the transaction as a debt modification or a troubled debt restructuring.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

The carrying value of cash, accounts payable and accrued expense approximate their fair values based on the short-term maturity of these instruments. As defined in ASC 820, “Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures,” fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date (exit price). The Company utilizes market data or assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability, including assumptions about risk and the risks inherent in the inputs to the valuation technique. These inputs can be readily observable, market corroborated, or generally unobservable. ASC 820 establishes a fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs used to measure fair value. The hierarchy gives the highest priority to unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (level 1 measurement) and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs (level 3 measurement). This fair value measurement framework applies at both initial and subsequent measurement.

The three levels of the fair value hierarchy defined by ASC 820 are as follows:

The derivative liabilities associated with its 2019 bridge financing Convertible Notes (see Note 5), consisted of conversion feature derivatives at March 31, 2022 and 2021, are Level 3 fair value measurements.

The table below sets forth a summary of the changes in the fair value of the Company’s derivative liabilities classified as Level 3 as of March 31, 2022 and 2021:

As of March 31, 2022 and 2021, the Company estimated the fair value of the conversion feature derivatives embedded in the convertible debentures based on assumptions used in the Black-Scholes valuation model. The key valuation assumptions used consists, in part, of the price of the Company’s Common Stock, a risk-free interest rate based on the yield of a Treasury note and expected volatility of the Company’s Common Stock all as of the measurement dates. The Company used the following assumptions to estimate fair value of the derivatives as of March 31, 2022 and 2021:

When the Company changes its valuation inputs for measuring financial liabilities at fair value, either due to changes in current market conditions or other factors, it may need to transfer those liabilities to another level in the hierarchy based on the new inputs used. The Company recognizes these transfers at the end of the reporting period that the transfers occur. For the periods ended March 31, 2022 and March 31, 2021, there were no transfers of financial assets or financial liabilities between the hierarchy levels.

The $2,625,000 of contingent consideration, of shares issuable to PointR shareholders which was recorded and associated with the PointR Merger, is also classified as Level 3 fair value measurements. The Company initially recorded the contingency based on a valuation conducted by a third-party valuation expert. The valuation was based on a probability of the completion of certain milestones by PointR for the shareholders to earn additional shares. The Company evaluated the probability of the earning of the milestones and concluded that the probability of achievement of the milestones had not changed, primarily due to the shifting of focus by the Company to develop AI technologies for the COVID-19 pandemic. As such, the Company did not record any change to the valuation during the three months ended March 31, 2022 or 2021, respectively.

Net Loss Per Share

Basic net loss per common share is computed by dividing the net loss by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted net loss per share includes the effect of Common Stock equivalents (notes convertible into Common Stock, stock options and warrants) when, under either the treasury or if-converted method, such inclusion in the computation would be dilutive. The following number of shares have been excluded from diluted loss since such inclusion would be anti-dilutive:

Stock-Based Compensation

The Company applies the provisions of ASC 718, Compensation—Stock Compensation (“ASC 718”), which requires the measurement and recognition of compensation expense for all stock-based awards made to employees and non-employees, including employee stock options, in the statements of operations.

For stock options issued, the Company estimates the grant date fair value of each option using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. The use of the Black-Scholes option pricing model requires management to make assumptions with respect to the expected term of the option, the expected volatility of the Common Stock consistent with the expected life of the option, risk-free interest rates and expected dividend yields of the Common Stock. For awards subject to service-based vesting conditions, including those with a graded vesting schedule, the Company recognizes stock-based compensation expense equal to the grant date fair value of stock options on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period, which is generally the vesting term. Forfeitures are recorded as they are incurred as opposed to being estimated at the time of grant and revised.

For warrants issued in connection with fund raising activities, the Company estimates the grant date fair value of each warrant using the Black-Scholes pricing model. The use of the Black-Scholes option pricing model requires management to make assumptions with respect to the expected term of the warrant, the expected volatility of the Common Stock consistent with the expected life of the warrant, risk-free interest rates and expected dividend yields of the Common Stock. If the warrants are issued upon termination or cancellation of prior issued warrants, then the Company estimates the grant date fair value of the new warrants using the Black-Scholes pricing model and evaluates whether the new warrants are deemed as equity instruments or liability instruments. If the warrants are deemed to be equity instruments, the Company records stock compensation expense and an addition to additional paid in capital. If however, the warrants are deemed to be liability instruments, then the fair value is treated as a deemed dividend and credited to additional paid in capital.

Impairment of Long-Lived Assets

The Company reviews long-lived assets, including definite-lived intangible assets, for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of such assets may not be recoverable. Recoverability of these assets is determined by comparing the forecasted undiscounted net cash flows of the operation to which the assets relate to the carrying amount. If the operation is determined to be unable to recover the carrying amount of its assets, then these assets are written down first, followed by other long-lived assets of the operation to fair value. Fair value is determined based on discounted cash flows or appraised values, depending on the nature of the assets. For the three months ended March 31, 2022 and the year ended December 31, 2021, there were no impairment losses recognized for long-lived assets.

Intangible Assets

The Company records its intangible assets at cost in accordance with ASC 350, Intangibles – Goodwill and Other. The Company reviews the intangible assets for impairment on an annual basis or if events or changes in circumstances indicate it is more likely than not that they are impaired. These events could include a significant change in the business climate, legal factors, a decline in operating performance, competition, sale or disposition of a significant portion of the business, or other factors. If the review indicates the impairment, an impairment loss would be recorded for the difference of the value recorded and the new value. For the three months ended March 31, 2022 and the year ended December 31, 2021, there were no impairment losses recognized for intangible assets.

Goodwill

Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price of acquired business over the estimated fair value of the identifiable net assets acquired. Goodwill is not amortized but is tested for impairment at least once annually, at the reporting unit level or more frequently if events or changes in circumstances indicate that the asset might be impaired. The goodwill impairment test is applied by performing a qualitative assessment before calculating the fair value of the reporting unit. If, on the basis of qualitative factors, it is considered not more likely than not that the fair value of the reporting unit is less than the carrying amount, further testing of goodwill for impairment would not be required. Otherwise, goodwill impairment is tested using a two-step approach.

The first step involves comparing the fair value of the reporting unit to its carrying amount. If the fair value of the reporting unit is determined to be greater than its carrying amount, there is no impairment. If the reporting unit’s carrying amount is determined to be greater than the fair value, the second step must be completed to measure the amount of impairment, if any. The second step involves calculating the implied fair value of goodwill by deducting the fair value of all tangible and intangible assets, excluding goodwill, of the reporting unit from the fair value of the reporting unit as determined in step one. The implied fair value of the goodwill in this step is compared to the carrying value of goodwill. If the implied fair value of the goodwill is less than the carrying value of the goodwill, an impairment loss equivalent to the difference is recorded. For the three months ended March 31, 2022 and year ended December 31, 2021, there were no impairment losses recognized for Goodwill.

Derivative Financial Instruments Indexed to the Company’s Common Stock

We have generally issued derivative financial instruments, such as warrants, in connection with our equity offerings. We evaluate the terms of these derivative financial instruments in order to determine their accounting treatment in our financial statements. Key considerations include whether the financial instruments are freestanding and whether they contain conditional obligations. If the warrants are freestanding, do not contain conditional obligations and meet other classification criteria, we account for the warrants as an equity instrument. However, if the warrants contain conditional obligations, then we account for the warrants as a liability until the conditional obligations are met or are no longer relevant. Because no established market prices exist for the warrants that we issue in connection with our equity offerings, we must estimate the fair value of the warrants, which is as inherently subjective as it is for stock options, and for similar reasons as noted in the stock-based compensation section above. For financial instruments which are accounted for as a liability, we report any changes in their estimated fair values as gains or losses in our Consolidated Statement of Income.

Convertible Instruments

The Company evaluates and accounts for conversion options embedded in its convertible instruments in accordance with ASC 815 “Derivatives and Hedging”.

ASC 815 generally provides three criteria that, if met, require companies to bifurcate conversion options from their host instruments and account for them as free-standing derivative financial instruments. These three criteria include circumstances in which (a) the economic characteristics and risks of the embedded derivative instrument are not clearly and closely related to the economic characteristics and risks of the host contract, (b) the hybrid instrument that embodies both the embedded derivative instrument and the host contract is not re-measured at fair value under otherwise applicable generally accepted accounting principles with changes in fair value reported in earnings as they occur, and (c) a separate instrument with the same terms as the embedded derivative instrument would be considered a derivative instrument. Professional standards also provide an exception to this rule when the host instrument is deemed to be conventional as defined under professional standards as “The Meaning of Conventional Convertible Debt Instrument.”

The Company accounts for convertible instruments (when it has determined that the embedded conversion options should not be bifurcated from their host instruments) in accordance with ASC 470-20 “Debt – Debt with Conversion and Other Options.” Accordingly, the Company records, when necessary, discounts to convertible notes for the intrinsic value of conversion options embedded in debt instruments based upon the differences between the fair value of the underlying Common Stock at the commitment date of the note transaction and the effective conversion price embedded in the note. Original issue discounts (“OID”) under these arrangements are amortized over the term of the related debt to their earliest date of redemption. The Company also records when necessary deemed dividends for the intrinsic value of conversion options embedded in preferred shares based upon the differences between the fair value of the underlying Common Stock at the commitment date of the note transaction and the effective conversion price embedded in the note.

ASC 815-40 “Derivatives and Hedging – Contracts in Entity’s Own Equity” provides that, among other things, generally, if an event occurs that is not within the entity’s control could or would require net cash settlement, then the contract shall be classified as an asset or a liability.

Variable Interest Entity (VIE) Accounting

The Company evaluates its ownership, contractual relationships and other interests in entities to determine the nature and extent of the interests, whether such interests are variable interests and whether the entities are VIEs in accordance with ASC 810, Consolidations. These evaluations can be complex and involve Management judgment as well as the use of estimates and assumptions based on available historical information, among other factors. Based on these evaluations, if the Company determines that it is the primary beneficiary of a VIE, the entity is consolidated into the financial statements. At March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, the Company identified EdgePoint to be the Company’s sole VIE. At March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, the Company’s ownership percentage of EdgePoint was 29% and 29%, respectively. The VIE’s net assets were $0.1 million and $0.1 million at March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively.

The Company signed a joint venture agreement (“JVA”) with Dragon to form a joint venture called GMP Biotechnology, LLC, both affiliates of GMP, on March 31, 2022. The JVA prescribes certain requirements to be completed during the three months ended June 30, 2022 to make the JV fully functional and operational, including issuance of the shares issuable to the Company and Dragon. The Company will evaluate the accounting for the JV and once these functional and operational activities are completed, the Company will appropriately record the transactions.

Revenue Recognition

The Company recognizes revenue in accordance with ASC Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers.

Under ASC 606, the Company recognizes revenue when its customers obtain control of the promised good or services, in an amount that reflects the consideration which the Company expects to receive in exchange for those goods or services. The Company applies the following five-step process: (i) identify the contract(s) with a customer; (ii) identify the performance obligation(s) in the contract; (iii) determine the transaction price; (iv) allocate the transaction price to the performance obligation(s) in the contract; and (v) recognize revenue when (or as) the Company satisfies a performance obligation.

At contract inception, once the contract is determined to be within the scope of ASC 606, the Company identifies the performance obligation(s) in the contract by assessing whether the goods or services promised within each contract are distinct. The Company then recognizes revenue for the amount of the transaction price that is allocated to the respective performance obligation when (or as) the performance obligation is satisfied.

The Company anticipates generating revenues from rendering services to other third party customers for the development of certain drug products and/or in connection with certain out-licensing agreements. In the case of services rendered for development of the drugs, revenue is recognized upon the achievement of the performance obligations or over time on a straight-line basis over the extended service period. In the case of out-licensing contracts, the Company records revenues either (i) upon achievement of certain pre-defined milestones when there is no obligation of the Company achieve any performance obligations in connection with the said pre-defined milestones, or (ii) upon achievement of the performance obligations if the milestones require the Company to provide the performance obligations.

The Company occasionally collects advance payments from customers toward commitments to provide services or performance obligations, in which case the advance payment is recorded as a liability until the obligations are fulfilled and revenue is recognized.

Research & Development Costs

In accordance with ASC 730-10-25 “Research and Development”, research and development costs are charged to expense as and when incurred.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In August 2020, the FASB issued “ASU 2020-06, Debt with Conversion and Other Options (Subtopic 470-20) and Derivatives and Hedging—Contracts in Entity’s Own Equity (Subtopic 815-40)” (“ASU 2020-06”) which simplifies the accounting for convertible instruments. The guidance removes certain accounting models which separate the embedded conversion features from the host contract for convertible instruments. Either a modified retrospective method of transition or a fully retrospective method of transition was permissible for the adoption of this standard. Update No. 2020-06 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2021, including interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption was permitted no earlier than the fiscal year beginning after December 15, 2020. The Company has not adopted ASU 2020-06 during the three months ended March 31, 2022 and is evaluating the impact of implementation on its financial statements, if any.

All other newly issued but not yet effective accounting pronouncements have been deemed to be not applicable or immaterial to the Company.

Prior Period Reclassifications

Certain amounts in prior periods may have been reclassified to conform with current period presentation.

NOTE 3 - GOODWILL AND INTANGIBLE ASSETS

2019 Reverse Merger with Oncotelic and PointR

The Company completed the merger with Oncotelic Inc. (“Merger”) in April 2019. The Company completed the merger with PointR Data Inc (“PointR Merger”) in November 2019. For more details, refer to our 2020 Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020 filed by the Company on April 15, 2021.

The Oncotelic merger gave rise to Goodwill of $4,879,999. Further, we added goodwill of $16,182,456 upon the completion of the Merger with PointR. In general, the goodwill is tested on an annual impairment date of December 31. However, as of March 31, 2022, since both assets are currently being developed for various cancer and COVID-19 therapies, the Company does not believe the there are any factors or indications that the goodwill is impaired.

Assignment and Assumption Agreement with Autotelic, Inc.

In April 2018, Oncotelic Inc. entered into an Assignment and Assumption Agreement (the “Assignment Agreement”) with Autotelic Inc., an affiliate company, and Autotelic LLC, an affiliate company, pursuant to which Oncotelic acquired the rights to all intellectual property (“IP”) related to a patented product. As consideration for the Assignment Agreement, Oncotelic Inc. issued 204,798 shares of its Common Stock for a value of $819,191. The Assignment Agreement also provides that Oncotelic Inc. shall be responsible for all costs related to the IP, including development and maintenance, going forward.

Intangible Asset Summary

The following table summarizes the balances as of March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, of the intangible assets acquired, their useful life, and annual amortization:

Amortization of identifiable intangible assets for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2022 was $12,841 and $12,841, respectively.

The future yearly amortization expense over the next five years and thereafter are as follows:

In-Process Research & Development (“IPR&D”) Summary

The IPR&D assets were acquired in the PointR Merger during the year ended December 31, 2019. Since January 2021, the Company has determined that the IPR&D should be reported as an indefinitely lived asset and therefore will evaluate, on an annual basis, for any impairment on the IPR&D and will record an impairment if identified. The balance of IPR&D as of March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021 was $1,101,760. The following table summarizes the balances as of March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021 of the IPR&D assets. The Company evaluates, on an annual basis, for any impairment and records an impairment if identified. The Company identified no impairment to IPR&D assets during its evaluation.

NOTE 4 – ACCOUNTS PAYABLE AND ACCRUED EXPENSES

Accounts payable and accrued expense consists of the following amounts:

NOTE 5 – CONVERTIBLE DEBENTURES, NOTES AND OTHER DEBT

As of March 31, 2022, special purchase agreements (SPAs) with convertible debentures and notes, net of debt discount and including accrued interest, if any, consist of the following amounts:

For information on the special purchase agreements (SPAs) with convertible debentures and notes, net of debt discount and including accrued interest, if any, as of December 31, 2022, refer to our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021.

The gross principal balances on the convertible debentures listed above totaled $1,000,000 and included initial debt discounts totaling $800,140, resulting from the recording of the original issue discount, the related financing costs, the beneficial conversion feature (“BCF”) for the intrinsic value of the non-bifurcated conversion option and the restricted shares issued contemporaneously with the convertible notes.

Total amortization expense related to these debt discounts was $22,918 and $54,572 for the three months ended March 31, 2022, and 2021, respectively. In addition, during the three months ended March 31, 2022, and 2021, we recorded additional and accelerated amortization of debt discounts, which was created from the bifurcation of the conversion option related the host hybrid instruments, of $0 and $24,491, respectively, upon the partial and/or full conversion of debt by TFK to shares of the Company’s common stock. The total unamortized debt discount at March 31, 2022, and December 31, 2021 was approximately $12,646 and $35,564, respectively.

All the above notes issued to Peak One, TFK, our CEO, and the bridge investors reached the 180 days during the fiscal year ended December 31, 2020. As such, all the note holders had the ability to convert that debt into equity at the variable conversion price of 65% of the Company’s lowest traded price after the first 180 days or at the lower of the Fixed Price or 55% of the Company’s traded stock price under certain circumstances. This gave rise to a derivative liability for the debt instrument of approximately $870,000, since the conversion option attached to certain notes became convertible into a variable number of shares of our common stock, and correspondingly debited additional debt discounts of approximately $258,000 and interest expense of approximately $612,000.

As of March 31, 2022, the Company had a derivative liability of approximately $531,000 and a change in fair value of approximately $191,000.

Bridge Financings

TFK Financing

For information on the special purchase agreements (SPAs) with convertible debentures and notes, net of debt discount and including accrued interest, if any, as of December 31, 2022, refer to our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021 filed with the SEC on April 15, 2022.

Notes with Officer and Bridge Investor

In April 2019, the Company entered into a Securities Purchase Agreement (the “Bridge SPA”) with our CEO and the Bridge Investor with a commitment to purchase convertible notes in the aggregate of $400,000.

In April 2019, the Company entered into a convertible note with our Chief Executive Officer, Vuong Trieu, Ph. D. (the “Trieu Note”). The Trieu Note has a principal balance of $164,444, including a 10% OID of $16,444, resulting in net proceeds of $148,000, with a maturity date of April 23, 2022. Upon the occurrence of certain events of default, the Buyer, amongst other remedies, has the right to charge a penalty in a range of 18% to 40% dependent on the specific default event. Amounts due under the Convertible Note may also be converted into shares (the “Trieu Conversion Shares”) of the Company’s Common Stock at any time, at the option of the holder, at a conversion price of $0.10 per share (the “Fixed Price”), at the lower of the Fixed Price or 65% of the Company’s lowest traded price after the 180^th day or at the lower of the Fixed Price or 55% of the Company’s traded stock price under certain circumstances. The Company has agreed to at all times reserve and keep available out of its authorized Common Stock a number of shares equal to at least two times the full number of Conversion Shares. The Company may redeem the Convertible Note at rates of 110% to 140% rates over the principal balance dependent on certain events and redeem the value with accrued interest thereon, if any.

The issuance of the Trieu Note resulted in a discount from the beneficial conversion feature totaling $131,555 related to the conversion feature. Total amortization of the OID and the discount totaled $14,620 and $18,058 for the three months ended March 31, 2022, and 2021. Total unamortized discount on this note was approximately $4,900 and $19,000 as of March 31, 2022, and December 31, 2021, respectively.

In April 2019, pursuant to the Bridge SPA the Company entered into Convertible Note Tranche #1 (“Tranche #1”) with the Bridge Investor. Tranche #1 has a principal balance of $35,556, an OID of $3,556, resulting in net proceeds of $32,000, with a maturity date of April 23, 2022. Upon the occurrence of certain events of default, the Buyer, among other remedies, has the right to charge a penalty in a range of 18% to 40% dependent on the specific default event. Amounts due under Tranche #1 may also be converted into shares (the “Bridge SPA Conversion Shares”) of the Company’s Common Stock at any time, at (i) a conversion price, during the first 180 days, of $0.10 per share (the “Fixed Price”), and then (2) at the lower of the Fixed Price or 65% of the Company’s lowest traded price after the first 180 days or at the lower of the Fixed Price or 55% of the Company’s traded stock price under certain circumstances. The Company may redeem the Convertible Note at rates of 110% to 140% rates over the principal balance dependent on certain events and redeem the value with accrued interest thereon, if any.

The issuance of the note resulted in a discount from the beneficial conversion feature totaling $28,445. Total amortization of the OID and discount totaled approximately $3,300 and $4,100 for the three months March 31, 2022, and 2021, respectively. Total unamortized discount on this note was approximately $1,100 and $4,400 as of March 31, 2022, and December 31, 2021.

On August 6, 2019, pursuant to the Bridge SPA the Company entered into Convertible Note Tranche #2 (“Tranche #2”) with the Bridge Investor. Tranche #2 has a principal balance of $200,000, an OID of $20,000 and debt issuance costs of $5,000, resulting in net proceeds of $175,000, with a maturity date of August 6, 2022. Upon the occurrence of certain events of default, the Buyer, among other remedies, has the right to charge a penalty in a range of 18% to 40% dependent on the specific default event. Amounts due under Tranche #1 may also be converted into Bridge Conversion Shares of the Company’s Common Stock at any time, at the option of the holder, at a conversion price equal to the Fixed Price, at the lower of the Fixed Price or 65% of the Company’s lowest traded price after the 180^th day or at the lower of the Fixed Price or 55% of the Company’s traded stock price under certain circumstances. The Company may redeem the Convertible Note at rates of 110% to 140% rates over the principal balance dependent on certain events and redeem the value with accrued interest thereon, if any.

The issuance of the note resulted in a discount from the beneficial conversion feature totaling $175,000. Total amortization of the OID and discount totaled approximately $5,000 and $4,900 for the three months ended March 31, 2022, and March 31, 2021, respectively. Total unamortized discount on this note was $6,700 and $12,000 as of March 31, 2022, and December 31, 2021.

Fall 2019 Debt Financing

In December 2019, the Company closed its Fall 2019 Debt Financing, raising an additional $500,000 bringing the gross proceeds of all debt financings under the Fall 2019 Debt Financing to $1,000,000. The Company entered into those certain Note Purchase Agreements (the “Fall 2019 Note Purchase Agreements”) with certain accredited investors and the officers of the Company for the sale of convertible promissory notes (the “Fall 2019 Notes”). The Company completed the initial closing under the Fall 2019 Note Purchase Agreements in November 2019. The Company issued Fall 2019 Notes in the principal amount of $250,000 to each of Dr. Vuong Trieu, the Company’s Chief Executive Officer, and Stephen Boesch, in exchange for gross proceeds of $500,000. In connection with the second and final closing of the Fall 2019 Debt Financing, the Company issued Fall 2019 Notes to additional investors including $250,000 to Dr. Sanjay Jha, through his family trust, the former CEO of Motorola and COO/President of Qualcomm. The Company also offset certain amounts due to Dr. Vuong Trieu, the Company’s Chief Executive Officer, Chulho Park, the Company’s Chief Technology Officer, and Amit Shah, the Company’s Chief Financial Officer, all related parties as Officers of the Company, and converted such amounts due into the Fall 2019 Notes. $35,000 due to Dr. Vuong Trieu, $27,000 due to Chulho Park and $20,000 due to Amit Shah were converted into debt. The Company also issued the Fall 2019 Notes of $168,000 to two accredited investors.

The Company repaid $0 and $50,000 of principal in the three months ended March 31, 2022, and 2021, respectively. The total unamortized principal amount of the Fall 2019 Notes was $850,000 as of March 31, 2022, and December 31, 2021, respectively.

All the Fall 2019 Notes provided for interest at the rate of 5% per annum and are unsecured. All amounts outstanding under the Fall 2019 Notes became due and payable upon the approval of the holders of a majority of the principal amount of outstanding Fall 2019 Notes (the “Majority Holders”) on or after (a) November 23, 2020 or (b) the occurrence of an event of default (either, the “Maturity Date”). The Majority Holders have waived the default in the maturity of the Fall 2019 Notes and as such there is no event of default. The Company had the option to prepay the Fall 2019 Notes at any time. Events of default under the Fall 2019 Notes included failure to make payments under the Fall 2019 Notes within thirty (30) days of the date due, failure to observe of the Fall 2019 Note Purchase Agreement or Fall 2019 Notes which is not cured within thirty (30) days of notice of the breach, bankruptcy, or a change in control of the Company (as defined in the Fall 2019 Note Purchase Agreement).

The Majority Holders had the right, at any time not more than five (5) days following the Maturity Date, to elect to convert all, and not less than all, of the outstanding accrued and unpaid interest and principal on the Fall 2019 Notes. The Fall 2019 Notes may be converted, at the election of the Majority Holders, either (a) into shares of the Company’s Common Stock at a conversion price of $0.18 per share, or (b) into shares of common stock of the Edgepoint, at a conversion price of $5.00 (based on a $5.0 million pre-money valuation) of Edgepoint and 1,000,000 shares outstanding. The issuance of the Fall 2019 notes resulted in a discount from the BCF totaling $222,222 related to the conversion feature. Total amortization of the discount totaled $0 for the three months ended March 31, 2022, and 2021.Total unamortized discount on this note was $0 as of March 31, 2022, and December 31, 2021.

Further, the Company recorded interest expense of $10,625 and approximately $11,460 on these Fall 2019 Notes for the three months ended March 31, 2022, and 2021, respectively. The total amount outstanding under the Fall 2019 Notes, net of discounts and including accrued interest thereon, as of March 31, 2022, and December 31, 2021, was $957,048 and $946,424, respectively.

GMP Notes

In June 2020, the Company secured $2 million in debt financing, evidenced by a one-year convertible note (the “GMP Note”) from GMP, to conduct a clinical trial evaluating OT-101 against COVID-19 bearing 2% annual interest, and is personally guaranteed by Dr. Vuong Trieu, the Chief Executive Officer of the Company. The GMP Note is convertible into the Company’s Common Stock upon the GMP Note’s maturity of the GMP Note, at the Company’s Common Stock price on the date of conversion with no discount. GMP has waived the default in the maturity of the GMP Note and as such there is no event of default and also agreed to extend the date of maturity of the GMP Note to June 30, 2022. GMP does not have the option to convert prior to the GMP Note’s maturity. Such financing will be utilized solely to fund the clinical trial. The Company’s liability under GMP Note commenced to accrue when GMP first began to pay for services related to the clinical trial to our third-party clinical research organization, up to a maximum of $2 million. GMP has been invoiced by the clinical research organization for the full $2 million as of March 31, 2022, and as such the Company has recognized the liability as a convertible debt.

In September 2021, the Company secured a further $1.5 million in debt financing, evidenced by a one-year convertible note (the “GMP Note 2”) from GMP, to fund the same clinical trial evaluating OT-101 against COVID-19 bearing 2% annual interest. The GMP Note is convertible into the Company’s Common Stock upon the GMP Note 2’s maturity one year from the date of the GMP Note 2, at the Company’s Common Stock price on the date of conversion with no discount. GMP does not have the option to convert prior to the GMP Note 2’s maturity at the end of one year. Such financing was to be utilized solely to fund the clinical trial. As of March 31, 2022, GMP was invoiced by the clinical research organization for $0.5 million. GMP paid the clinical trial organization the first tranche of $0.5 million in October 2021.

In October 2021, the Company entered into an Unsecured Convertible Note Purchase Agreement (the “October Purchase Agreement”) with GMP, pursuant to which the Company issued a convertible promissory note in the aggregate principal amount of $0.5 million (the “October 2021 Note”), which October 2021 Note is convertible into shares of the Company’s Common Stock.

In January 2022, the Company entered into an Unsecured Convertible Note Purchase Agreement (the “January Purchase Agreement”) with GMP, pursuant to which the Company issued a convertible promissory note in the aggregate principal amount of $0.5 million (the “January 2022 Note”), which January 2022 Note is convertible into shares of the Company’s Common Stock.

The GMP Note 2, the October 2021 Note and the January 2022 Note carries an interest rate of 2% per annum and matures on the earlier of (a) the one-year anniversary of the date of the Purchase Agreement, or (b) the acceleration of the maturity by GMP upon occurrence of an Event of Default (as defined below). The GMP Note 2, the October 2021 Note and the January 2022 Note contains a voluntary conversion mechanism whereby GMP may convert the outstanding principal and accrued interest under the terms of the GMP Note 2, the October 2021 Note and the January 2022 Note into shares of Common Stock (the “Conversion Shares”), at the consolidated closing bid price of the Company’s Common Stock on the applicable OTC Market as of the date the Company receives a Notice of Conversion from GMP. Prepayment of the GMP Note 2, the October 2021 Note and the January 2022 Note may be made at any time by payment of the outstanding principal amount plus accrued and unpaid interest. The October Note contains customary events of default (each an “Event of Default”). If an Event of Default occurs, at GMP’s election, the outstanding principal amount of the GMP Note 2, the October 2021 Note and the January 2022 Note, plus accrued but unpaid interest, will become immediately due and payable in cash. The October Purchase Agreement and the January Purchase Agreement requires the Company to use of the proceeds received under the October 2021 Note and January 2022 Note to support the clinical development of OT-101, including payroll and has been made in continuation of the relationship between the Company and GMP.

The total principal outstanding on all the GMP notes, inclusive of accrued interest, was $4,569,781 and $4,069,781 as of March 31, 2022, and December 31, 2021, respectively.

Geneva Roth Remark Notes

For information on the special purchase agreements (SPAs) with convertible debentures and notes, net of debt discount and including accrued interest, if any, as of December 31, 2022, refer to our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021 filed with the SEC on April 15, 2022.

Paycheck Protection Program

For information on the special purchase agreements (SPAs) with convertible debentures and notes, net of debt discount and including accrued interest, if any, as of December 31, 2022, refer to our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021 filed with the SEC on April 15, 2022.

August 2021 Notes

In August 2021, the Company entered into Note Purchase Agreements with Autotelic - a related party, our CFO - a related party, and certain accredited investors (the “August 2021 investors”), whereby the Company issued four convertible notes in the aggregate principal amount of $698,500 convertible into shares of common stock of the Company for net proceeds of $690,825. The convertible notes carry a five (5%) percent coupon and mature one year from issuance. The majority of the August 2021 investors have the right, but not the obligation, not more than five days following the maturity date, to convert all, but not less than all, the outstanding and unpaid principal plus accrued interest into the Company’s common stock, at a conversion price of $0.18. The Company determined that the economic characteristics and risks of the embedded conversion option are not clearly and closely related to the economic characteristics and risks of the debt host instrument. Further, the Company determined that the embedded conversion feature meets the definition of a derivative but met the scope exception to the derivative accounting required under ASC 815 for certain contracts involving a reporting entity’s own equity.

As of March 31, 2022, and December 31, 2021, the August 2021 convertible notes, net of debt discount, consist of the following amounts:

During the three months ended March 31, 2022, and 2021, the Company recognized approximately $5,700 and $0 of interest, respectively. At March 31, 2022, and December 31, 2021, accrued interests on these convertible notes totaled approximately $20,000 and $14,260, respectively.

November – December 2021 Financing

In November and December 2021, the Company entered into securities purchase agreement with five institutional investors, whereby the Company issued five convertible notes in the aggregate principal amount of $1,250,000 convertible into shares of common stock of the Company. The convertible notes carry a twelve (12%) percent coupon and a default coupon of 16% and mature at the earliest of one year from issuance or upon event of default. Investors has the right at any time following issuance date to convert all or any part of the outstanding and unpaid amount of the note into the Company’s common stock at a conversion price established at a fixed rate of $0.07. The Company granted a total number of 9,615,385 warrants convertible into an equivalent number of the Company common shares at a strike price of $0.13 up to five years after issuance. The Placement agent was also granted a total amount of 961,540 as part of a finder’s fee agreement.

In January 2022, three of the five investors made a cashless exercise for their warrants. In this connection, the Company issued approximately 3 million shares of the Common Stock in exchange of approximately 5.8 million warrants.

As of March 31, 2022, and December 31, 2021, convertible notes under the November-December 2021 Financing, net of debt discount, consist of the following amounts:

The Company recognized approximately $48,000 and $0 of accrued interest during the three months ended March 31, 2022, and 2021, respectively. The Company recognized approximately $309,500 and $0 of interest expense attributable to the amortization of the debt discount from the original debt discount, deferred financing costs, fair value allocated to the warrants and the beneficial conversion feature during the three months ended March 31, 2022, and 2021, respectively.

The Company recorded an initial debt discount of approximately $0.4 million representing the intrinsic value of the conversion option embedded in the convertible debt instrument based upon the difference between the fair value of the underlying common stock at the commitment date of the note transaction and the effective conversion price embedded in the note. The Company recognized amortization expense related to the debt discount and debt issuance costs of approximately $0.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022, which is included in interest expense in the consolidated statements of operations.

Other short-term advances

As of March 31, 2022 compared to December 31, 2021, other short-term advances consist of the following amounts obtained from various employees and related parties:

During the year ended December 31, 2020, the Company’s CEO provided additional funding of $70,000 to the Company, of which $50,000 was repaid before December 31, 2020. Further, during the three months ended March 31, 2022, $20,000 repaid to the Company’s CEO. As such, $0 and $20,000 was outstanding at March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively.

During the year ended December 31, 2021, Autotelic Inc. provided a short-term funding of $120,000 to the Company, which was repaid in 2021. In May 2021, Autotelic provided an additional short-term funding of $250,000 to the Company, which was converted into the August 2021 Notes. Autotelic provided an additional $20,000 short-term loan to the Company, and as such, $20,000 was outstanding and payable to Autotelic at March 31, 2022 a December 31, 2021, respectively.

During the year ended December 31, 2021, the Company’s CFO, a related Party, provided short term advances of approximately $45,000. During the year ended December 31, 2020, the Company’s CFO had provided a short term advance of $25,000, which was repaid during the year ended December 31, 2021. $20,000 was repaid to the CFO during the three months ended March 31, 2022. As such approximately $25,000 and $45,000 was outstanding at March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively.

NOTE 6 – JOINT VENTURE WITH GMP AFFILIATES

On March 31, 2022, the Company entered into (i) a joint venture (the “JV”) agreement with Dragon and GMP Bio, both affiliates of GMP, (and the Company, Dragon and GMP Bio are collectively called the “Parties”) (the “JVA”), (ii) a license agreement for rights to OT-101 (the “US License Agreement”) for the territory within the United States of America (the “US”) with Sapu Holdings, LLC, a subsidiary of GMP Bio and (iii) a license agreement for rights to OT-101 for the rest of the world with GMP Bio (the “Ex-US Rights Agreement”, and the US License Agreement and the Ex-US License Agreement are collectively called the “Agreements”).

Dragon and the Company entered into the JVA to regulate their relationship and the operation and management of the JV. The JVA contains provisions for the licensed products and licensed technologies related to OT-101 (the “Licensed products and technologies”). Pursuant to the JVA the Company is required to transfer to GMP Bio all of the Company’s rights and obligations under the research and development agreement dated 3 February 2020 between the Company and Golden Mountain Partners, LLC (“GMP”), an affiliate of Dragon, as amended, varied and/or supplemented by a supplement to research and Services Agreement dated 23 March 2020 between the Company, Mateon Therapeutics, Inc. (subsequently renamed the Company) and GMP (the “R&D Agreement”). The JVA permits GMP to seek conversion of certain convertible promissory notes entered into between the Company and GMP (see reference to Purchase Agreements and Notes below) into shares of the Common Stock of the Company within 15 business days of the execution of the JVA at a price of $0.2242 per Common Share, the closing price of the Common Share as traded on the OTCQB the day prior to the execution of the JVA, or the closing price of the Common Stock prior to the date of conversion if not within 15 business days of the JVA. Upon the execution of the JVA, Dragon will pay for and hold 55 shares of GMP Bio and the Company will pay for and hold 45 shares of GMP Bio, both to be acquired at $1.00 per share of GMP Bio. Such shares of GMP Bio were issued shortly after the date of the JVA. The JVA required the entering into of the Agreements on or before the execution of the JVA. The JVA defines the valuation of the Agreements (taking into account the transfer of the Company’s rights and obligations under the R&D Agreement) each at $11,320,237.25, for an aggregate of $22,640,474.50. The Parties also agreed that if a Rare Pediatric Disease (“RPD”) Priority Review Voucher, upon clinical approval of OT-101 Technologies for treatment of diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (the “DIPG Voucher”), is issued to GMP Bio and GMP Bio, or a subsidiary thereof, sells the DIPG Voucher to a non-GMP subsidiary, then the Company shall be eligible to receive up to 50% of the net sales proceeds or $50 million, whichever is less. Dragon shall fund the JVA, for a total of $27,671,691, based on the conditions contained in the JVA, and the Company will input the licenses under the Agreements into the JV. The Company is obligated to (i) (A) rectify the chain of legal title such that the Company is the sole legal owner of such rights, (B) complete registration as the sole owner of all the Company’s Patent Rights and (C) provide evidence of such registration that is satisfactory to Dragon; (ii) provide Dragon with copies of official documents issued by the relevant patent offices in the relevant countries evidencing the Company’s legal ownership of all the Company’s Patents Rights; and (iii) reflect the Company’s legal ownership of all the Company’s Patent Rights in the relevant online registers of the relevant patent offices in the relevant countries. The JVA intends to raise funding for the JVA through a Series A round of financing of not less than $20 million. Dragon can suspend funding the JVA if the Series A round of financing is not successfully completed by August 31, 2022, in which case Dragon’s funding obligation would be restricted to $250,000 per month to GMP Bio. If Dragon decides to terminate the JVA, the licenses granted under the Agreements shall be terminated and the OT-101 assets licensed by the Company will revert back to the Company. The rest of the JVA deals with the conduct of the JV, the board of directors of GMP Bio and other administrative matters. Dragon shall nominate up to three directors of their choosing to the board of directors of GMP Bio, two of whom are already nominated as “A” Directors and the Company shall nominate up to two directors of their choosing to the board of directors of GMP Bio, one of whom is already nominated as a “B” Director. The JVA defines how the board of directors will operate as well as the general management and operations of the JV. Other standard terms on shareholder rights, indemnification etc. are also defined in the JVA. Also included are the other terms with relation to insurance, indemnification, jurisdiction and other customary terms and conditions.

The Agreements include terms of an exclusive, irrevocable, perpetual, royalty-free, sublicensable license under the Licensed Technology to manufacture, have manufactured, use, import, sell, offer for sale or otherwise exploit the Licensed Products, which is OT-101, in the Field, which is all therapeutic uses in humans, and in the Territories, which is the US and the rest of the world. In addition, the Company grants a non-exclusive, irrevocable, perpetual, royalty-free, non-sublicensable license for its sole use of the Company’s Vision Grid system for monitoring process, man flow, equipment flow, and material flow in contract development and manufacturing organization operations. These have been granted to GMP Bio and Sapu Holdings, LLC as the capital contribution by the Company to GMP Bio. The Agreements include the contributions by the key employees, as defined and included in the Agreements, standard representations and warranties, intellectual property protection, insurance, indemnification, jurisdiction and other customary terms and conditions.

The Company is currently evaluating the estimated impact the accounting for the JV will have on its financial statements upon completion of the formation.

For information on the various notes from GMP, refer to Note 5 – GMP Notes of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements above.

NOTE 7 - PRIVATE PLACEMENT AND JH DARBIE FINANCING

During the period from July 2020 to March 2021 the Company entered into subscription agreements with certain accredited investors pursuant to the JH Darbie Financing, whereby the Company issued and sold a total of 100 Units, for total gross proceeds of approximately $5 million, pursuant to the JH Darbie Placement Agreement, with each Unit consisting of: